Academic literature on the topic 'Monitor lizard'

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Journal articles on the topic "Monitor lizard"

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Pianka, Eric R., and Walter Auffenberg. "Gray's Monitor Lizard." Copeia 1988, no. 4 (December 28, 1988): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1445749.

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Card, Winston. "Monitor Lizard Husbandry." Bulletin of the Association of Reptilian and Amphibian Veterinarians 5, no. 3 (January 1995): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5818/1076-3139.5.3.9.

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Mohamed-Ahmed, M. M. "Olfactory responses of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Diptera: Glossinidae) to the monitor lizard Varanus niloticus niloticus." Bulletin of Entomological Research 88, no. 3 (June 1998): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000748530002592x.

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AbstractVisual and olfactory responses of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newstead to the monitor lizard, Varanus niloticus niloticus Laurenti were studied using various catching devices near Lake Victoria, Kenya. Electric nets baited with visible lizards caught more males (×2.1) and significantly more females (×2.0) than unbaited nets. Lizards concealed in electrified black PVC pipe models, simulating the shape and size of a monitor lizard, increased significantly the catches of tsetse by 2.1 times. Fresh lizard urine dispensed at an evaporation rate of 500 to 1000 mg/h also increased significantly the catches of flies at biconical traps, electrified models and electric nets. Identification of chemical constituents of the odour could improve monitoring and control strategies for G. f. fuscipes, and possibly for other palpalis tsetse species.
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Rakhmiyati and Muhammad Jafar Luthfi. "Study Anatomy of Vertebrae Caudalis Asiatic Water Monitor (Varanus salvator)." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 3 (April 30, 2020): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v3.479.

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Asiatic water monitor lizard (Varanus salvator) is a type of reptile that can be found in several countries on the Asian continent. In Indonesia this species can be found in the Sunda plain (Java, Bali and Nusa Tenggara) and Maluku (the Sula and Obi islands). Asiatic water monitor lizard is long tailed reptile. The functions of tail as a movement aid, to maintain balance, a place to store energy, sexual appearance, and reproduction. The caudalis vertebrae in asiatic water monitor lizard (Varanus salvator) has a structure consisting of centrum, processus, cotyle, condilus, and constriction area. To observe the caudal vertebrae in monitor lizards the experiment was done by cleaning all the sticky tissue, then observed using a stereo microscope with a magnification of 0.8X. The result showed that blood vessels and nerve tissue were protected by sturdy bones.
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Arida, Evy A., Alamsyah E. N. Herlambang, and Mulyadi Mulyadi. "The hunt for the Blue tree monitor on Batanta Island, Indonesia: Subsistence on a treasure?" Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology 4, no. 2 (July 22, 2021): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46359/jte.v4i2.99.

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The tree monitors, Varanus (Hapturosaurus) are highly valued in international pet trade. These lizards are somewhat striking in their colouration, among which is the Blue tree monitor, Varanus macraei. Body colouration of this species is dominantly blue, which is unique to this monitor lizard species. This distinctive colouration together with its limited distribution has put the species as high-priced export commodity for at least 20 years. Because the lizard is endemic to Batanta Island and the nearby islets in the Raja Ampat Islands, Indonesia, we made a trip to the islands in 2019. We visited the village of Amdui on Batanta, where we made several casual interviews with hunters. Here we report results of our interviews and brief survey on the habitats of V. macraei, in order to identify the roles of local hunters in the trade of tree monitors for international pet markets. Some residents of Amdui have been in search for Blue tree monitors and other monitor lizard species since mid1990s and continue their hunt until very recently for fast cash. Because hunting is yet a large part of their culture more than farming, villagers rely on this method for subsistence. We recommend a socio-cultural approach to inform hunters on the idea of sustainability of harvest, for which a stable livelihood will be a possible consequence.
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Khoirunnisa’, Ida. "Histological Structure of the Varanus Salvator Kidney." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 3 (April 30, 2020): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v3.481.

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Varanus salvator is known as the monitor lizard. This animal is a subspecies of endemic Indonesian monitor lizards which is only found in Java, Bali and Nusa Tenggara (except Timor Island). This study aims to determine the histological structure of the monitor lizard (Varanus salvator). The research was carried out for two months starting from September 2019 to October 2019 at the Animal Physics Laboratory and Zoology of UIN Sunan Kalijaga. The method used is the paraffin method. The results of the study were analyzed in a comparative descriptive manner by observation through a microscope and then taken using a camera. Based on the results of studies lizards (Varanus salvator) have distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tubule, glomerulus, medullary ray and bowman’s capsule.
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Xiao, Lihua, Una M. Ryan, Thaddeus K. Graczyk, Josef Limor, Lixia Li, Mark Kombert, Randy Junge, et al. "Genetic Diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in Captive Reptiles." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 2 (February 2004): 891–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.2.891-899.2004.

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ABSTRACT The genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium in reptiles was analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene. A total of 123 samples were analyzed, of which 48 snake samples, 24 lizard samples, and 3 tortoise samples were positive for Cryptosporidium. Nine different types of Cryptosporidium were found, including Cryptosporidium serpentis, Cryptosporidium desert monitor genotype, Cryptosporidium muris, Cryptosporidium parvum bovine and mouse genotypes, one C. serpentis-like parasite in a lizard, two new Cryptosporidium spp. in snakes, and one new Cryptosporidium sp. in tortoises. C. serpentis and the desert monitor genotype were the most common parasites and were found in both snakes and lizards, whereas the C. muris and C. parvum parasites detected were probably the result of ingestion of infected rodents. Sequence and biologic characterizations indicated that the desert monitor genotype was Cryptosporidium saurophilum. Two host-adapted C. serpentis genotypes were found in snakes and lizards.
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Zdunek, Przemysław, and Michaela S. Webb. "Observation records of the Bangon Monitor Lizard, Varanus bangonorum (Squamata, Varanidae), with emphasis on behaviour and local threats, from the Municipality of Abra de Ilog, Occidental Mindoro, Philippines." Herpetozoa 36 (January 25, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.36.e96841.

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Varanus bangonorum, the Bangon Monitor Lizard, is one of eleven Varanidae species endemic to the Philippines; its occurrence is restricted to dwindling habitats on the islands of Mindoro and Semirara. This lizard is still poorly known and is presently classified as “Least Concern” under the IUCN Red List in 2022. Observations recorded during eleven years (2011 to 2022) originate from the north-central Municipality of Abra de Ilog in Occidental Mindoro where this species was never before documented. We emphasise the primary factors that pose threats to the monitor lizard population, including insights gained from the knowledge of local community members. We present information about the lizards’ diet, for example, they can consume invasive toxic cane toads without harm. The result of our collective long-term observation records may serve as a baseline for further studies and contribute to evaluating the conservation status of this species.
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GREENE, H. W. "Frugivorous Reptiles: Gray's Monitor Lizard." Science 241, no. 4871 (September 9, 1988): 1368–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.241.4871.1368.

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Ballinger, Royce E. "Gray's Monitor Lizard. Walter Auffenberg." Quarterly Review of Biology 64, no. 2 (June 1989): 210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/416286.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Monitor lizard"

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Lettink, Marieke, and n/a. "Adding to nature : can artificial retreats be used to monitor and restore lizard populations?" University of Otago. Department of Zoology, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080715.091040.

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Artificial retreats are increasingly used to sample animal populations and in attempts to boost animal numbers in degraded habitats. Here, I test potential applications of artificial retreats for lizards inhabiting a coastal environment of high conservation value (Kaitorete Spit, New Zealand). I first conducted a pitfall-trapping survey examining the distribution and relative abundance of lizards in duneland, farmland and shrubland habitats, and tested the influence of trap placement on capture rates. Capture rates of the diurnal skinks Oligosoma maccanni (McCann�s skink) and O. nigriplantare polychroma (common skink) were highest in duneland and farmland, respectively, and were most sensitive to the distance separating traps from the nearest cover (the greater the distance, the lower the capture rate). Captures of O. lineoocellatum (spotted skink) and Hoplodactylus maculatus (common gecko) were rare. Secondly, in separate chapters I test the utility of artificial retreats for monitoring: 1) a preference trial examining relative use of three types of artificial retreats by skinks (O. maccanni and O. n. polychroma) and geckos (H. maculatus); 2) a comparison of the effectiveness of artificial retreats relative to pitfall traps for detecting cryptic and primarily nocturnal geckos (H. maculatus) following translocation; and 3) capture-recapture estimation of population parameters (survival and abundance) of H. maculatus. I found that: 1) geckos strongly preferred retreats made of Onduline over corrugated iron and concrete tiles, whereas skinks exhibited no apparent preferences; 2) artificial retreats were more effective than pitfall traps for detecting geckos following translocation; and 3) monthly survival and recapture probabilities of geckos varied with age-class and over time. Estimated survival was unexpectedly low, possibly due to excessive trap spacing. I developed a new capture-recapture model specifically for population size estimation with data from artificial retreats, which gave estimates that were up to 50% greater than those predicted by conventional capture-recapture models. I caution that permanent placement of artificial retreats in long-term studies may be inappropriate for estimation of population parameters due to potential habitat-enhancement effects and/or altered predation risk. Thirdly, I conducted a capture-recapture field experiment, using a replicated Before-After-Control-impact (BACI) design, to test the relative effects of habitat manipulation (artificial retreat addition) and partial predator removal (by fencing) on annual survival of duneland skink (O. maccanni) populations. Survival increased at sites with predator exclosures, but not at control sites or following the addition of artificial retreats, either alone or in combination with a predator exclosure. The magnitude of the increase in survival for the exclosure-only treatment was small, but sufficient to change the trajectory of an apparently stable population into an increasing one, suggesting that the population is limited by predators. Predator control, but not the addition of artificial retreats, is predicted to benefit O. maccanni. To conclude, the Onduline design developed here appears to be particularly useful for sampling cryptic, terrestrial geckos; however, artificial retreats must be used appropriately to avoid bias arising from habitat-enhancing effects and/or altered predation risk. The restoration value of artificial retreats requires further testing on other species and in areas where natural retreat sites are limited.
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Clemente, Christofer. "Evolution of locomotion in Australian Varanid lizards (Reptilia: Squamata: Varanidae) : ecomorphological and ecophysiological considerations." University of Western Australia. School of Animal Biology, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0044.

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[Truncated abstract] In ecomorphological or ecophysiological studies, variation in `design? traits (e.g. size, morphology and physiology) is thought to determine variation in ecologically-relevant performance traits, which in turn determines fitness in a particular habitat (Arnold 1983). Thus, natural selection is thought to act most directly on intermediate traits such as measures of locomotory performance. This thesis examined this process in the closely related group of Australian varanids lizards (Squamata: Varanidae). Phylogenetically, varanids are divided into three major clades. Size (mass and snout-to-vent length) is strongly correlated with these three clades. Two clades, (Gouldii and Komodoensis) are large, while the third clade (Odatria) has a smaller body size. Thus, there is considerable variation in size for various species. Size varied for species by three orders of magnitude. Size is also related to two ecological characteristics, foraging mode and habitat openness. Widely-foraging species were larger than sit-and-wait strategists, while species from open habitats were larger than species from semi-open or closed habitats. However, given the tight link between size and phylogeny we cannot separate adaptation of size to ecological traits from that of phylogenetic patterns. Of interest throughout this thesis was how variations in design (e.g. morphology and physiology) were related to ecological characteristics. Since body size also influences many of these morphological and physiological characteristics it is often necessary to remove the effects of size. Three design traits were examined in detail: body dimensions, vertebral number and metabolic rates. …Curiously, no performance variable linked differences in size-free body dimensions to retreat sites. This suggests that there is either a direct link between design and ecology (e.g. dorso-ventral compression), or some unmeasured performance variable related to retreat site. Given that most performance traits are thought to involve kinematic movements of the hindlimb limb and pelvis, and these were not best related to retreat site, then a direct link between design and ecology with respect to retreat site seems possible. In summary, this thesis provides evidence not only for links between design and ecology mediated by locomotory performance traits, but also direct links between design and ecology, for Australian varanid lizards.
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Heger, Nancy Ann. "The impact of size on thermal efficiency : size related costs and benefits in Varanus giganteus /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Gaalema, Diann Ellen. "Food Choice, Reinforcer Preference, and Visual Discrimination in Monitor Lizards (Varanus Spp.)." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19799.

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Learning in reptiles has been studied with a variety of methods and included numerous species. However, research on learning in lizards has generally focused on spatial memory and has used only a few species. No research has specifically investigated and documented the use of visual discrimination in monitor lizards. The ability of monitor lizards (Varanus spp.) to discriminate between visual stimuli was investigated. Subjects were tested on acquisition and two reversals of a discrimination task between black and white stimuli. A food-choice procedure was used to determine if consistent rankings of food items could be determined using a multiple-stimulus choice procedure. The functional value of the rankings was assessed using a progressive ratio technique. The subjects formed stable food preferences, which were reflected in increased response requirement completed for preferred items and subjects did successfully learn the initial discrimination task and the following reversals.
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Mayes, Phillip James. "The ecology and behaviour of Varanus mertensi (Reptilia: Varanidae)." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0012.html.

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Sprackland, Robert George. "Evolution, systematics, and variation of Pacific mangrove monitor lizards (Reptilia: Squamata: Varanidae)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320484.

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The complex of Pacific lizards (Squamata: Anguimorpha: Varanidae) colloquially known as mangrove monitors is reviewed from a morphological perspective to clarify intraspecific variation and interspecific evolution and relationships. The study used a total of 350 museum specimens and 120 live animals, to construct a data matrix for a preliminary set of 77 characters (later reduced to 27). From these, a set of 12 meristic characters were subjected to statistical analysis (principal coordinates and multidimensional scaling), while 27 binary and multistate characters were run using the phylogenetics programme Hennig86 in a novel test of intraspecific and interspecies-group relationships. Individuals, rather than "species", were used as terminal taxa to see how individual-based analysis compares with contemporary species allocations. Morphological data were used to distinguish species from a clade of at least five sister taxa, Varanus doreanus Meyer 1874, Varanus jobiensis Ahl 1932, Varanus spinulosus Mertens 1941, and Varanus finschi Bohme, Hom and Ziegler 1994, plus Varanus indicus*. The apparently well-defined V. indicus (Daudin, 1802) is shown to be composed of widely morphologically divergent individuals that do not clearly segregate into geographical populations. Furthermore, some of these individuals emerge as more closely related to other mangrove monitor species than to members of their "own species". For these reasons, V. indicus is here recognised as a metaspecies (V. indicus*). Further resolution may be possible by analysis of internal anatomy or molecular evolution (e.g., to reveal the presence of cryptic species), although the probable recency of cladogenetic events would make such analyses of limited use.
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Pissarra, João Pereira. "Phylogenetic and ecological characterization of monitor lizards in Northern Africa." Master's thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/119345.

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Pissarra, João Pereira. "Phylogenetic and ecological characterization of monitor lizards in Northern Africa." Dissertação, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/119345.

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Openshaw, Gabrielle Heidi. "Geometric Morphometric Analyses and Cranial Shape Evolution in Monitor Lizards." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/112507.

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Understanding morphological change is a central theme in evolutionary, developmental, and comparative biology. Lizard heads are well suited to analyses of morphological evolution because of the complexity and diversity in the feeding system that integrates the cranium, jaw, hyolingual and cervical systems. Aside from feeding, the lizard skull is functionally associated with ecomorphology and sexual selection, and is additionally responsible for housing the major sensory systems of the body. Despite being a structurally complex and integrated system with numerous functions and roles, evolution in the lizard skull is characterized by the appearance of extreme morphologies. Geometric morphometrics is a powerful tool for the quantification, visualization and analysis of morphological variation and change. This approach is being applied more frequently in a phylogenetic comparative context to assess the relative influence of size, ecology, function, and developmental constraints on morphological evolution. Geometric morphometric methods rely on homologous landmarks as the source of shape data, and the level of detail and accuracy increases with the amount of information contained in a landmark configuration. However, it may be possible to capture particular elements of shape variation by concentrating on different observation angles of a complex structure. This research article examines how observation view (dorsal, ventral and lateral) influences 2D geometric morphometric analysis of interspecific cranial shape variation in monitor lizards (Varanus, Varanidae). I recover strong phylogenetic signal in all three views and general concordance in patterns of size-corrected shape diversification within the genus. However, I also find subtle but important differences among views in analyses of evolutionary allometry and shape variation, which may reflect both landmark configuration design and adaptive functional trends of the study system. This study shows that studies restricted to a 2D geometric morphometric analysis of a complex 3D biological structure can combine carefully designed 2D landmark configurations describing alternative planes to maximize shape coverage. The original research article presented in my thesis provides the basis for addressing a wide range of questions associated with the analysis of skull morphology, dentition and biomechanical performance as it relates to diet in monitor lizards using 3D geometric morphometrics, bite force measurements and phylogenetic comparative methods. The future directions I propose examine alternative ways in which predators may optimize feeding success: through morphological adaptations (in the skull and teeth) that enhance prey capture, or through biomechanical adaptations that enable feeding on a wider variety of prey.
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VLNOVÁ, Ivana. "Revize diphyllobothriidních tasemnic plazů (Eucestoda: Solenophoridae)." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-180586.

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Diphyllobothriidean tapeworms are well-known parasites of mammals including man, but species parasiting in reptiles are much less known. These tapeworms belong to three genera (Bothridium, Duthiersia, Scyphocephalus) of the family Solenophoridae and are characterized by their unique scolex morphology. They occur in the intestine of varanid lizards and snakes. All three genera are known from Asia, two from Africa (Bothridium and Duthiersia) and one from Australia and South America (Bothridium). Individual genera are well characterised, but species composition of these genera is not well understood. This study surveyed available literary data on the genera Duthiersia and Scyphocephalus and provides new information based on new collected material from Africa and Southeast Asia and material deposited in helminthological collections.
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Books on the topic "Monitor lizard"

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Somervill, Barbara A. Monitor lizard. Ann Arbor, Mich: Cherry Lake Pub., 2010.

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Monitor lizard. Ann Arbor, Mich: Cherry Lake Pub., 2010.

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Auffenberg, Walter. Gray's monitor lizard. Gainesville: University Presses of Florida, University of Florida Press, 1988.

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Creighton, Susan. The giant lizard. Mankato, MN, U.S.A: Crestwood House, 1988.

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Sprackland, Robert G. Giant lizards. Neptune City, NJ: T.F.H. Publications, 1992.

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Giant lizards: The definitive guide to the natural history, care, and breeding of monitors, iguanas, and other large lizards. 2nd ed. Neptune City, NJ: T.F.H. Publications, 2008.

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The secret of Lizard Island. Grand Rapids, Mich: Zondervan, 1994.

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Living dragons: A natural history of the world's monitor lizards. Sanibel Island, FL: Ralph Curtis-Books, 1996.

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Thomas, Wilms, Bartholomew Breck, and Bennett Daniel, eds. Monitor lizards: Natural history, biology & husbandry. Frankfurt am Main: Edition Chimaira, 1998.

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Lisle, Harold F. De. The natural history of monitor lizards. Malabar, Fla: Krieger, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Monitor lizard"

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Manley, Geoffrey A. "The Monitor Lizard, Varanus bengalensis." In Peripheral Hearing Mechanisms in Reptiles and Birds, 144–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83615-2_9.

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Meshaka, Walter E., Suzanne L. Collins, R. Bruce Bury, and Malcolm L. McCallum. "Lizards (Squamata)." In Exotic Amphibians and Reptiles of the United States, 104–202. University Press of Florida, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066967.003.0012.

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This chapter highlights lizards. It begins by looking at agamid lizards, including the Peter's rock agama, the Indo-Chinese Bloodsucker, the Variable Bloodsucker, and the Butterfly Lizard. Populations of the Peter's rock agama in the United States were derived from the pet trade and have been established in southern Florida since the mid-1980s. Subsequent dispersal through intentional release is common and often in disparate locations. The chapter then considers chameleons, casque-headed lizards, anoles, and true geckos. It also examines sphaerodactyl geckos, iguanas, wall lizards and lacertas, curly-tailed lizards, and horned lizards. Finally, the chapter studies eugongylid skinks, sun skinks, sphenomorphid skinks, ameivas, and monitor lizards.
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"Monitor Lizards:." In Exotic Amphibians and Reptiles of the United States, 200–202. University Press of Florida, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv28m3hcp.37.

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Kemp, T. S. "3. Lizards." In Reptiles: A Very Short Introduction, 39–60. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198806417.003.0003.

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More than half of all reptiles alive today are lizards, with over 6,000 species. Lizards are truly worldwide in distribution, although like all reptiles they are most diverse and abundant in the tropics. ‘Lizards’ explains that evidence from the DNA sequences of genes has provided a pretty clear idea of how the modern lizards evolved. It describes the key features of ‘typical’ lizards—their predatory lifestyle, the specialized feeding mechanism called cranial kinesis, and their reproductive arrangements. It also discusses more specialized species such as limbless lizards; aquatic lizards; arboreal lizards such as chameleons; geckos; airborne lizards; and the large predators such as monitor lizards and the Gila monster.
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"Text Three. Hunting Monitor Lizards." In Languages of the Greater Himalayan Region, Volume 8 A Grammar of Dhimal, 327–38. BRILL, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004175730.i-615.50.

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Weerakkody, Iranga S. "Sustainability and Re-invention: The Pot Drum in Sri Lanka." In Wie wir leben wollen. Kompendium zu Technikfolgen von Digitalisierung, Vernetzung und Künstlicher Intelligenz, 173–82. Logos Verlag Berlin, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30819/5319.13.

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As indicated by archeological and literary sources, the pot drum has been a membranaphone of popular use since the Anuradhapura kingdom. It has been seen in various forms as Kumbha beraya, kala beraya, bummadiya or bimbisaka. This drum, being made out of clay in the shape of a gourd with an elongated neck or in that of a clay pot had a stretched skin of goat hide, monitor lizard hide or monkey hide. The use of these raw materials and how it brings harmony between the pottery industry and villagers in the processes of making the bummadiya is of importance. Through this research, understanding the Sri Lankan pot drum as a primary musical instrument and studying its historical and cultural aspects served as a foundation. After which, the objectives of identifying the role the pot-drum plays in sustainability were discussed. Finally, an investigation into an evolutionary stage of the pot drum in modern times, the thunpata beraya, was investigated. While this is a qualitative research, literary and archeological sources were used to collect data through discussions and field visits. The cultural texts and articles written throughout the ages on the Sri Lankan pot drum were used as secondary sources. Judgment sampling was the background behind the selection of data sources. Audio-visual methods were also used in collecting data. The human activity of using a material such as clay to express creativity in the form of music is of significance here.
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"Chapter 11. The Varanidae and Helodermatidae: Monitors and Beaded Lizards." In The Reptile Ear, 396–420. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691196664-013.

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