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Academic literature on the topic 'Molécules organiques traces'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Molécules organiques traces"
Guillemoto, Quentin. "Transfert des molécules organiques traces des eaux usées traitées dans un système de Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT) : application à l’hydrosystème côtier d’Agon-Coutainville." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS510.
Full textPressures on groundwater (droughts, overexploitation, pollution, etc.) contribute to an overall decrease in the availability of the resource. Manages Aquifer Recharge (MAR) and Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT) have clear advantages for future sustainable quality and quantity management of groundwater, especially through the use of treated wastewater. The preservation of groundwater quality when introducing these so-called unconventional waters into MAR must be ensured. A major difficulty lies in understanding the processes induced by these techniques that affect groundwater quality. These include the Trace Organic Compounds (TrOCs) present in treated wastewater, which have received particular attention in recent years. To date, the understanding of the fate of TrOCs at the scale of a SAT site is very limited despite a growing knowledge of the processes induced (degradation, sorption). Even fewer studies consider the SAT system as an integral part of a natural hydrosystem, in which the dynamics of groundwater flows increase the complexity of the behaviour of these molecules. The methodology of the thesis combines data analysis, experimentation and modelling implemented at different spatio-temporal scales. It was applied to the coastal SAT site located in Agon-Coutainville (Normandy, France) which has been active for more than 20 years. Interpretation of the data acquired in the field using geochemical and time series analysis tools allowed a first description of the behaviour of a selection of TrOCs within a SAT system. The results at the site scale show the diversity of behaviour of TrOCs in the SAT associated with reactive, operational and hydrodynamic factors. A controlled infiltration experiment under operational conditions at the scale of an infiltration basin over 35 days was interpreted using geochemical modelling tools and analytical modelling of reactive transport (Advection-Dispersion Equation, ADE). The results show a natural attenuation of TrOCs from the SAT after an average residence time of 12 days in the SAT by quantifying first-order degradation coefficients (μ) and retardation coefficients (R) for some molecules On the multi-year scale of the aquifer hosting the SAT system, a flow and transport model (MARTHE) was built to quantify the influence of environmental factors (climate, tides, operational conditions) on the coastal hydrosystem with regard to the fate of TrOCs. The results of the model show their impact on flow rates, dilution and reactivity of TrOCs. An attenuation of TrOC concentrations by reactivity is expected over two-thirds of the surface of the SAT during the driest six months of the year, while over the remaining surface, local marine dynamics lead to a decrease in concentrations mainly by dilution. At the natural outlet of the aquifer, the simulated average residence times range from 74 to 489 days depending on the seasonal dynamics, which could be specified by additional investigations concerning the surface water (sea and river). This work provides an innovative multidisciplinary methodology integrating various tools to address the fate of TrOCs in SAT systems at different spatial and temporal scales, while considering the hydrodynamic and reactive behaviour of such systems. Many perspectives to this thesis work are arising, particularly concerning the characterisation of the reactivity of TrOCs in such systems in a coastal context, or the development of hydrodynamic modelling tools integrating more mechanistic reactive processes, which would improve the understanding of the behaviour of TrOCs in these systems
Freissinet, Caroline. "Recherche de traces de vie extraterrestre : élaboration d'une unité d'extraction et d'analyse chirale pour la séparation énantiomérique in situ de molécules organiques d'intérêt exobiologique." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00615481.
Full textGarnier, Cédric. "Modélisation et évaluation des équilibres de complexation entre la matière organique naturelle, les métaux traces et le proton : Applications aux eaux naturelles." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009140.
Full textLouche, Laurence. "La phlorine, molécule trace pour le contrôle de l'authenticité des jus d'agrume." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX30092.
Full textA phenolic compound, 3,5-dihydroxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, known as phlorin has been isolated from aqueous extracts of orange peel. Its structural formula was confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies and mass chromatography. Aqueous extracts of orange peel were followed during more than 2 days at two temperatures (25 and 50ʿC) showing increasing content of phlorin in water following time. The phlorin content was determined in various parts of 2 orange varieties, Navel Late and Valencia. Phlorin has been searched in 45 species and varieties of Citrus and determined in juices and aqueous peel extracts. Multivariate analyses on several data (phlorin, sugars, flavonoi͏̈ds) were used to determine analytical profiles for each orange species and concentrate supplier
Rossow, Björn. "Processus photophysiques de molécules organiques fluorescentes et du kérosène applications aux foyers de combustion : applications aux foyers de combustion." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00980569.
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