Journal articles: 'Molecular gentics'

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Kelly, K. "Molecular Gentic Analysis of Populations." Cell Biology International 24, no. 6 (June 2000): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cbir.1999.0541.

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Takahashi, Shigekazu, Chiharu Yoshida, Hideyuki Takahashi, and Masahiro Nishihara. "Isolation and Functional Analysis of EPHEMERAL1-LIKE (EPH1L) Genes Involved in Flower Senescence in Cultivated Japanese Gentians." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 10 (May 17, 2022): 5608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105608.

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The elongation of flower longevity increases the commercial value of ornamental plants, and various genes have been identified as influencing flower senescence. Recently, EPHEMERAL1 (EPH1), encoding a NAC-type transcription factor, was identified in Japanese morning glory as a gene that promotes flower senescence. Here we attempted to identify an EPH1 homolog gene from cultivated Japanese gentians and characterized the same with regard to its flower senescence. Two EPH1-LIKE genes (EPH1La and EPH1Lb), considered as alleles, were isolated from a gentian cultivar (Gentiana scabra × G. triflora). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that EPH1L belongs to the NAM subfamily. The transcript levels of EPH1L increased along with its senescence in the field-grown flowers. Under dark-induced senescence conditions, the gentian-detached flowers showed the peak transcription level of EPH1L earlier than that of SAG12, a senescence marker gene, suggesting the involvement of EPH1L in flower senescence. To reveal the EPH1L function, we produced eph1l-knockout mutant lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. When the flower longevity was evaluated using the detached flowers as described above, improved longevity was recorded in all genome-edited lines, with delayed induction of SAG12 transcription. The degradation analysis of genomic DNA matched the elongation of flower longevity, cumulatively indicating the involvement of EPH1L in the regulation of flower senescence in gentians.

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Olennikov, Gadimli, Isaev, Kashchenko, Prokopyev, Kataeva, Chirikova, and Vennos. "Caucasian Gentiana Species: Untargeted LC-MS Metabolic Profiling, Antioxidant and Digestive Enzyme Inhibiting Activity of Six Plants." Metabolites 9, no. 11 (November 7, 2019): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo9110271.

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The members of Gentiana genus are widely distributed in the Caucasus region where they are used as phytoremedies, but they still have not been studied for their chemical composition and bioactivity. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array and electrospray triple quadrupole mass detection (HPLC-DAD-ESI-QQQ-MS) was used to investigate metabolites of herb and roots of six gentians (Gentiana asclepiadea, G. cruciata, G. gelida, G. paradoxa, G. pneumonanthe, G. septemfida) grown in the Caucasus. In total, 137 compounds were found including three carbohydrates, 71 iridoid glycosides (mostly loganic acid), loganin, swertiamarin, gentiopicroside and sweroside derivatives, 40 flavones C-, O-, C,O-glycosides (such as luteolin, apigenin, chrysoeriol, and acacetin derivatives), two phenolic O-glycosides, five hydroxycinnamates, eight xanthones, and seven triterpene glycosides. Most of these compounds were identified in gentian samples for the first time. Quantitative differences were found in levels of seven iridoid glycosides, nine glycosylflavones, and two xanthones obtained by HPLC-DAD assay. The gentian extracts were evaluated for their radical-scavenging properties against DPPH and superoxide anion radicals, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and α-amylase/α-glycosidase inhibition. The herb extracts showed higher activity than root extracts. Positive correlations were found between the content of quantified phenolics and antioxidant and digestive enzymes inhibiting activity. The findings presented in our work suggest that the Caucasian gentians are a good source of bioactive phytocompounds with antioxidant and antidiabetic potential.

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Takase, Tomoyuki, Motoki Shimizu, Shigekazu Takahashi, Keiichirou Nemoto, Fumina Goto, Chiharu Yoshida, Akira Abe, and Masahiro Nishihara. "De Novo Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Flowering-Related Genes That Potentially Contribute to Flowering-Time Control in the Japanese Cultivated Gentian Gentiana triflora." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (October 4, 2022): 11754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911754.

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Japanese cultivated gentians are perennial plants that flower in early summer to late autumn in Japan, depending on the cultivar. Several flowering-related genes, including GtFT1 and GtTFL1, are known to be involved in regulating flowering time, but many such genes remain unidentified. In this study, we obtained transcriptome profiling data using the Gentiana triflora cultivar ‘Maciry’, which typically flowers in late July. We conducted deep RNA sequencing analysis using gentian plants grown under natural field conditions for three months before flowering. To investigate diurnal changes, the plants were sampled at 4 h intervals over 24 h. Using these transcriptome data, we determined the expression profiles of leaves based on homology searches against the Flowering-Interactive Database of Arabidopsis. In particular, we focused on transcription factor genes, belonging to the BBX and MADS-box families, and analyzed their developmental and diurnal variation. The expression levels of representative BBX genes were also analyzed under long- and short-day conditions using in-vitro-grown seedlings, and the expression patterns of some BBX genes differed. Clustering analysis revealed that the transcription factor genes were coexpressed with GtFT1. Overall, these expression profiles will facilitate further analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying the control of flowering time in gentians.

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Takahashi, Hideyuki, Sayaka Kikuchi-Fujisaki, Chiharu Yoshida, Hidetoshi Yamada, Tetsuro Yamashita, Naotake Konno, and Takumi Takeda. "Gtgen3A, a novel plant GH3 β-glucosidase, modulates gentio-oligosaccharide metabolism in Gentiana." Biochemical Journal 475, no. 7 (April 16, 2018): 1309–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20170866.

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Gentiobiose, a β-1,6-linked glycosyl-disaccharide, accumulates abundantly in Gentianaceae and is involved in aspects of plant development, such as fruits ripening and release of bud dormancy. However, the mechanisms regulating the amount of gentio-oligosaccharide accumulation in plants remain obscure. The present study aimed to identify an enzyme that modulates gentio-oligosaccharide amount in gentian (Gentiana triflora). A protein responsible for gentiobiose hydrolysis, GtGen3A, was identified by partial purification and its peptide sequence analysis. The enzyme had a molecular mass of ∼67 kDa without a secretory signal peptide sequence. Sequence analysis revealed that GtGen3A could be a β-glucosidase member belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 3 (GH3). GtGen3A showed a homology to GH3 β-glucan exohydrolases, ExoI of Hordeum vulgare, and ExgI from Zea mays, which preferentially hydrolyzed β-1,3- and β-1,4-linked oligosaccharides. The purified recombinant GtGen3A (rGtGen3A) produced in Escherichia coli showed optimal reaction at pH 6.5 and 20°C. The rGtGen3A liberated glucose from β-1,2-, β-1,3-, β-1,4-, and β-1,6-linked oligosaccharides, and showed the highest activity toward gentiotriose among the substrates tested. Kinetic analysis also revealed that rGtGen3A preferentially hydrolyzed gentiotriose. Virus-induced gene silencing of Gtgen3A in gentian plantlets resulted in predominant accumulation of gentiotriose rather than gentiobiose. Furthermore, the expression level of Gtgen3A was almost similar to the amount of gentiobiose in field-grown gentians. These findings suggest that the main function of GtGen3A is the hydrolysis of gentiotriose to gentiobiose, and that GtGen3A plays a role in modulating gentiobiose amounts in gentian.

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Sangster, George. "The taxonomic status of Palearctic and Nearctic populations of northern goshawk Accipiter gentilis (Aves, Accipitridae): New evidence from vocalisations." Vertebrate Zoology 72 (June 29, 2022): 445–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.72.e85419.

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The taxonomic status of the North American and Eurasian populations of northern goshawk A. gentilis has been called into question by recent molecular studies, indicating the need for additional taxonomic study. Vocalisations have long played an important role in diagnosing potentially reproductively isolated groups of birds. The chattering-type call of A. gentilis plays a role in advertisement and pair-contact, making this a suitable basis for taxonomic study of vocalisations. The data set consisted of recordings of the calls of 75 individuals of the Eurasian gentilis-group of A. gentilis, 37 of the North American atricapillus-group of A. gentilis and, for comparison, seven of Henst’s goshawk A. henstii. The three groups showed non-overlapping variation in the duration of call-notes and also showed several other highly significant differences. Discriminant Function Analysis resulted in 100% correct classification of recordings into the three groups. It is here argued that the new bioacoustic data, in combination with previous evidence of morphological, mitochondrial DNA and genomic DNA differences between Eurasian and North American A. gentilis, suggests that two species are best recognised: northern goshawk A. gentilis and American goshawk A. atricapillus. A. gentilis / A. atricapillus add to a growing list of Holarctic temperate zone taxa that have recently been recognised as separate species based on a deep phylogeographic split between Eurasian and North American populations in combination with differences in other characters. This is the first quantitative taxonomic study of vocalisations in Accipitridae.

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Crean, Jennifer. "Gentris Corporation." Pharmacogenomics 3, no. 1 (January 2002): 148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14622416.3.1.148.

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OKAMOTO, Jun, Saranya LIMKAISANG, Hidenobu NOJIMA, and Susumu TAKAMATSU. "Powdery Mildew of Prairie Gentian: Characteristics, Molecular Phylogeny and Pathogenicity." Journal of General Plant Pathology 68, no. 3 (August 2002): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00013077.

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9

MINELLI, ALESSANDRO. "Commentaries on Gentile & Snell (2009): an introduction." Zootaxa 2201, no. 1 (August 18, 2009): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2201.1.2.

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In this volume of Zootaxa, Gentile and Snell (2009) describe a new species of terrestrial iguana from the Galápagos Islands. The extreme geographical localization and the very small estimated size of the only known population of the new species are regarded by the authors as incompatible with the killing of a specimen to be fixed as the holotype to be preserved as a museum specimen. As an alternative, they have marked a ‘living holotype’ with a Passive Integrated Transponder and chosen to document its existence and its diagnostic traits, pending the specimen’s natural death and eventual preservation, by providing information on molecular characters, specimen external description and measurements, photos and video recording.

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Geddes, Robert, and Jacqueline A. Taylor. "Factors affecting the metabolic control of cytosolic and lysosomal glycogen levels in the liver." Bioscience Reports 5, no. 4 (April 1, 1985): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01116903.

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Rats with a gentic deficiency of phosphorylase kinase have been treated with the 1,4-α-glucosidase inhibitor, Acarbose. Lysosomal glycogen metabolism has been markedly altered and the results support the concept of a feedback control mechanism operating on the uptake mechanism into the lysosomal compartment.

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Tomiczak, Karolina. "Molecular and cytogenetic description of somatic hybrids between Gentiana cruciata L. and G. tibetica King." Journal of Applied Genetics 61, no. 1 (November 16, 2019): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13353-019-00530-x.

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AbstractSomatic hybridization provides an opportunity to create cells with new genetic constitution. Here, the interspecific somatic hybrid plants regenerated in vitro following fusion of cell suspension–derived protoplasts of tetraploid Cross Gentian (Gentiana cruciata L., 2n = 52) with protoplasts released from mesophyll tissue of another tetraploid species, Tibetan Gentian (G. tibetica King, 2n = 52), were studied. According to the results of genome analyses with AFLP, ISSR, and CAPS markers, all somatic hybrids were genetically closer to “suspension” fusion partner G. cruciata than to “mesophyll” partner G. tibetica, but they got G. tibetica chloroplasts. Chromosome counting revealed little variation in the number of chromosomes in hybrid’s cells (2n = 88 or 2n = 90), although all plants possessed similar nuclear DNA content which remained stable even after 2 years of in vitro culture. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that hybrids possessed 4 to 7 chromosomes bearing 5S rDNA sites and 6 or 7 chromosomes with 35S rDNA sites. A part of FISH signals was smaller than those observed in the parental species, which could indicate the loss of rDNA sequences. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) showed the predominance of the number of G. cruciata chromosomes over chromosomes of G. tibetica. However, a significant level of cross-hybridization was observed for about one-third of hybrid chromosomes, indicating a high degree of homeology between the genomes of G. cruciata and G. tibetica.

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Miao, Ben-Ben, Su-Fang Niu, Ren-Xie Wu, Zhen-Bang Liang, Bao-Gui Tang, Yun Zhai, and Xue-Qi Xu. "Gene Expression Profile and Co-Expression Network of Pearl Gentian Grouper under Cold Stress by Integrating Illumina and PacBio Sequences." Animals 11, no. 6 (June 11, 2021): 1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061745.

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Pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂) is a fish of high commercial value in the aquaculture industry in Asia. However, this hybrid fish is not cold-tolerant, and its molecular regulation mechanism underlying cold stress remains largely elusive. This study thus investigated the liver transcriptomic responses of pearl gentian grouper by comparing the gene expression of cold stress groups (20, 15, 12, and 12 °C for 6 h) with that of control group (25 °C) using PacBio SMRT-Seq and Illumina RNA-Seq technologies. In SMRT-Seq analysis, a total of 11,033 full-length transcripts were generated and used as reference sequences for further RNA-Seq analysis. In RNA-Seq analysis, 3271 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), two low-temperature specific modules (tan and blue modules), and two significantly expressed gene sets (profiles 0 and 19) were screened by differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression networks analysis (WGCNA), and short time-series expression miner (STEM), respectively. The intersection of the above analyses further revealed some key genes, such as PCK, ALDOB, FBP, G6pC, CPT1A, PPARα, SOCS3, PPP1CC, CYP2J, HMGCR, CDKN1B, and GADD45Bc. These genes were significantly enriched in carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, signal transduction, and endocrine system pathways. All these pathways were linked to biological functions relevant to cold adaptation, such as energy metabolism, stress-induced cell membrane changes, and transduction of stress signals. Taken together, our study explores an overall and complex regulation network of the functional genes in the liver of pearl gentian grouper, which could benefit the species in preventing damage caused by cold stress.

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Duduk, Natasa, Mirko Ivanovic, and Bojan Duduk. "Morphological, serological and molecular analyses of anthracnose-causing agent on banana fruit." Pesticidi i fitomedicina 24, no. 4 (2009): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pif0904281d.

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Two species of the genus Colletotrichum, C. musae and C. gloeosporoides, occur as infecting species of banana. The study focused on examining the etiology of anthracnose on banana fruits sold on the domestic market. An isolate was obtained from a diseased banana fruit on PDA medium, forming a white colony with intensive and uniformed growth. It was not possible to identify the isolated fungus based on its morphological characteristics. Positive serological reaction in an ELISA test with monoclonal antibodies for C. acutatum indicated an antigen site for the used monoclonal antibodies. Positive reaction when C. gloeosporioides-specific primers were applied indicated a similarity in the ITS sequence of the fungus and the examined isolate from banana fruit. Although there are no available data in literature that C. gloeosporioides-specific CgInt primer can be used for amplification of the phylogenetically related C. musae, our results do not exclude that the isolate could be C. musae. The host plant, symptoms observed and colony characteristics of the fungus isolated from the banana fruit mostly correspond to C. musae. Based on morphological, antigen and gentic characteristics, the isolate from banana was determined as Colletotrichum sp., while species identification of the anthracnose-causing agent on banana requires additional analysis.

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ZHANG, Xiao-Lan. "Morphological, karyological and molecular delimitation of two gentians: Gentiana crassicaulis versus G. tibetica(Gentianaceae)." Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 44, no. 6 (2006): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/aps06059.

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LAVESQUE, NICOLAS, PAT HUTCHINGS, GULLEMINE DAFFE, ARNE NYGREN, and MARIO H. LONDOÑO-MESA. "A revision of the French Trichobranchidae (Polychaeta), with descriptions of nine new species." Zootaxa 4664, no. 2 (September 3, 2019): 151–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4664.2.1.

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Trichobranchidae from French waters are revised based on material available in French marine stations and newly collected specimens. This research is the first part of the “Spaghetti Project” aiming to revise French species of terebellids and trichobranchids. It confirms the absence of the so-called cosmopolitan species Terebellides stroemii from French waters, and describes eight new species of Terebellides: T. bonifi n. sp., T. ceneresi n. sp., T. europaea n. sp., T. gentili n. sp., T. gralli n. sp., T. lilasae n. sp., T. parapari n. sp. and T. resomari n. sp. and one species of Trichobranchus: T. demontaudouini n. sp. using both morphological and molecular tools. An identification key for all European species of Trichobranchidae is provided.

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Pirie, Michael D., Glenn Litsios, Dirk U. Bellstedt, Nicolas Salamin, and Jonathan Kissling. "Back to Gondwanaland: can ancient vicariance explain (some) Indian Ocean disjunct plant distributions?" Biology Letters 11, no. 6 (June 2015): 20150086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0086.

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Oceans, or other wide expanses of inhospitable environment, interrupt present day distributions of many plant groups. Using molecular dating techniques, generally incorporating fossil evidence, we can estimate when such distributions originated. Numerous dating analyses have recently precipitated a paradigm shift in the general explanations for the phenomenon, away from older geological causes, such as continental drift, in favour of more recent, long-distance dispersal (LDD). For example, the ‘Gondwanan vicariance’ scenario has been dismissed in various studies of Indian Ocean disjunct distributions. We used the gentian tribe Exaceae to reassess this scenario using molecular dating with minimum (fossil), maximum (geological), secondary (from wider analyses) and hypothesis-driven age constraints. Our results indicate that ancient vicariance cannot be ruled out as an explanation for the early origins of Exaceae across Africa, Madagascar and the Indian subcontinent unless a strong assumption is made about the maximum age of Gentianales. However, both the Gondwanan scenario and the available evidence suggest that there were also several, more recent, intercontinental dispersals during the diversification of the group.

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Dvořák, M., M. Tomšovský, L. Jankovský, and D. Novotný. "Contribution to identify the causal gents of Dutch elm disease in the Czech Republic." Plant Protection Science 43, No. 4 (January 7, 2008): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2243-pps.

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This study provides new data on Dutch elm disease in the Czech Republic. Ophiostoma novo-ulmi is reported for the first time in the area of the Czech Republic, as well as both subspecies ssp. novo-ulmi (indigenous in the area of the Ukraine and Moldavia), and ssp. Americana indigenous in North America. The majority of the recorded strains belonged to O. n.-u. ssp. novo-ulmi, while O. n.-u. ssp. Americana and hybrids of these two subspecies were found less frequently. On the other hand, Ophiostoma ulmi was not found at all in the investigated samples. Identification on the subspecies level was performed by methods of molecular biology, i.e. PCR and RFLP of gene regions cu and col1.

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Fortas, W., A. Djelad, M. A. Hasnaoui, M. Sassi, and A. Bengueddach. "Adsorption of gentian violet dyes in aqueous solution on microporous AlPOs molecular sieves synthesized by ionothermal method." Materials Research Express 5, no. 2 (February 14, 2018): 025018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aaaac2.

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Jovanović, Miloš S., Nemanja Krgović, Katarina Šavikin, and Jelena Živković. "Ultrasound-Assisted Water Extraction of Gentiopicroside, Isogentisin, and Polyphenols from Willow Gentian “Dust” Supported by Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin as Cage Molecules." Molecules 27, no. 21 (November 6, 2022): 7606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217606.

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The residue after sieving (“dust”) from the willow gentian underground parts is an unexploited herbal tea by-product, although it contains valuable bioactive compounds. Cyclodextrins as efficient green co-solvents, cage molecules, and multifunctional excipients could improve the extraction and contribute to the added value of the resulting extracts. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for the extraction of gentiopicroside, isogentisin, and total phenolics (TPC) from willow gentian “dust” using ultrasound-assisted water extraction coupled with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD). The influence of extraction temperature (X1: 20–80 °C), time (X2: 20–50 min), and HPβCD concentration (X3: 2–4% w/v) was analyzed employing the response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal extraction conditions for simultaneously maximizing the extraction yield of all monitored responses were X1: 74.89 °C, X2: 32.57 min, and X3: 3.01% w/v. The experimentally obtained response values under these conditions (46.96 mg/g DW for gentiopicroside, 0.51 mg/g DW for isogentisin, and 12.99 mg GAE/g DW for TPC) were in close agreement with those predicted, thus confirming the suitability and good predictive accuracy of the developed RSM models. Overall, the developed extraction system could be an applicable alternative strategy to improve the extraction of bioactive compounds from the underutilized “dust” of willow gentian underground parts.

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Kulyasov, P., A. Bekieva, B. Nayminov, B. Gilgeev, and B. Zodbaev. "An improved method of dyeing of bakery yeast according to Gram." Glavnyj zootehnik (Head of Animal Breeding), no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-03-2002-06.

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Knowledge and practical skills of working with microorganisms are required for mastering the modern level of development of veterinary and biological sciences. Microorganisms are the main objects of biotechnology, molecular biology and genetics, and they constantly accompany human and animals in the environment and cohabit inside the body. Direct acquaintance with them and the development of the principles of microbiological research will not only improve their professional level, but also to acquire knowledge and skills are not superfl uous in everyday life. The microscopic method involves the study of living or killed representatives of the microbial (bacteria, bacilli, clostridiums and plectridia) and yeast (bakery, fruit and vegetable, berry and grape yeast) world in a colored or unpainted state using a binocular light microscope. An improved technique of the famous Danish microbiologist G. K. Gram for coloring bakery’s yeast has been presented in the article. On the basis of laboratory researches it has been shown that the diff erentiated coloring according to Gram can be changed on color scale, depending on dyes. Classically according to Gram used: gentian violet, Lugol solution, fuchsin Pfeiff er (based on carbolic fuchsin), but in our technique instead of gentian violet methylene blue has been used, Lugol solution, instead of fuchsin Pfeiff er took red safranin and additionally in the manufacture of the third drug – diamond green dye. It has been shown that the coloring of microbial or yeast cultures has being achieved through the latter dye. So, for example with methylene blue, microbes or yeast are colored blue, with safranin in red and with diamond green in green.

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Kunz, Florian, Anita Gamauf, Frank E. Zachos, and Elisabeth Haring. "Mitochondrial phylogenetics of the goshawk Accipiter [ gentilis ] superspecies." Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 57, no. 4 (April 2019): 942–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12285.

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Atroschenkov, Dmitry Dmitrievich, and Konstantin Alexandrovich Dulin. "The concept of "trust" as a tool for socio-philosophical analysis of the political and ideological situation of our time." KANT 42, no. 2 (March 15, 2022): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2022-42.18.

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The purpose of the study define the validity of using the concept of "trust" for the socio-philosophical understanding of the ideological transformations that have unfolded over the past few decades in liberal democratic societies. Scientific novelty. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the works of John Schwartzmantel and Emilio Gentile that explore the ideology, as well as the works of Paul Ricoeur and Alan Seligman devoted to the phenomenon of trust, the importance of taking into account the situation of public trust in order to characterize the division of ideologies into total and molecular, inherent in modernity, is revealed. As a result, it is concluded that the predominance of relations of generalized public trust in the social life is inextricably linked with the large-scale actualization in modern liberal democratic societies of multiple identity politics and problem politics.

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August, Katherine, Martin Davison, and Chiara Bortoluzzi. "The genome sequence of the northern goshawk, Accipiter gentilis (Linnaeus, 1758)." Wellcome Open Research 7 (April 4, 2022): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17821.1.

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We present a genome assembly from an individual female Accipiter gentilis (the northern goshawk; Chordata; Aves; Accipitriformes; Accipitridae). The genome sequence is 1,398 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly (99.98%) is scaffolded into 40 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the W and Z chromosomes assembled. The complete mitochondrial genome was also assembled and is 16.6 kilobases in length.

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Stone, D. E., and S. I. Reed. "G protein mutations that alter the pheromone response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 9 (September 1990): 4439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.9.4439-4446.1990.

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The GPA1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a G alpha protein that couples the membrane-bound pheromone receptors to downstream elements in the mating response pathway. We have isolated seven mutant alleles of GPA1 that confer pheromone resistance: G50D (a glycine-to-aspartate change at position 50), G322E, G322R, E355K, E364K, G470D, and an E364K-G470D double mutant. All of the mutations lie within large regions that are highly conserved between Gpa1 and four other G alpha proteins; four of the changes are located in domains with proposed functions. On the basis of a gentic analysis, the pheromone-unresponsive GPA1 alleles can be divided into two classes: those that encode constitutively activated proteins and those that encode proteins unable to respond to the upstream signal. Our results support the hypothesis that the activated form of Gpa1 stimulates adaptation to pheromone.

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Ren, Dan-Dan, Xiaoyan Lu, Li-Ping Zhou, Huanghongjun Tian, Shuang Wang, Lu-Fang Ma, and Dong-Sheng Li. "Iron Porphyrin as a Cytochrome P450 Model for the Degradation of Dye." Molecules 27, no. 22 (November 17, 2022): 7948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227948.

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Organic dyes are widely used in the textile, biological, medical and other fields. However, a serious environmental problem has appeared because of the presence of organic dyes in industrial aqueous effluents. Thus, the efficient treatment of organic dyes in industrial wastewaters is currently in real demand. The current study investigated the oxidative degradation of the organic dye gentian violet by meso-tetra(carboxyphenyl) porphyriniron(III), [FeIII(TCPP)] as a cytochrome P450 model and iodosylbenzene (PhIO) as an oxidant at room temperature. The degradation reaction was monitored by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy via the observation of UV–vis spectral changes of the gentian violet. The results showed that the efficiency of catalyzed degradation reached more than 90% in 1 h, indicating the remarkable oxidative degradation capacity of the [FeIII(TCPP)]/PhIO system, which provided an efficient approach for the treatment of dyeing wastewater.

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Calà, Elisa, Andrea Fracchia, Elisa Robotti, Federica Gulino, Francesca Gullo, Matteo Oddone, Marco Massacane, Gianluigi Cordone, and Maurizio Aceto. "On the Traceability of the Hazelnut Production Chain by Means of Trace Elements." Molecules 27, no. 12 (June 15, 2022): 3854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27123854.

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The production chain of hazelnuts has been studied by analyzing three sets of samples produced in purity from three different pools of hazelnuts of cultivar “Tonda Gentile Trilobata”, “Tonda Gentile Romana” and “Mortarella”, all cultivated in Italy. From each pool, five processed products were obtained: roasted hazelnuts, hazelnut paste, hazelnut cream, Gianduja paste and Gianduiotto paste. After pre-treatment by means of dry ashing, all samples from each cultivar, including raw hazelnuts, were then analyzed by means of Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). A good discrimination was obtained among the different chain stages according to the distribution of the trace elements, as expected. More interesting was the discrimination among the different cultivars: it was possible to distinguish the samples produced from the respective cultivar by means of specific chemical markers, particularly Mo and Ni.

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Young, Debra A., Carl E. Bauer, JoAnn C. Williams, and Barry L. Marrs. "Gentic evidence for superoperonal organization of genes for photosynthesis pigments and pigment-binding proteins in Rhodobacter capsulatus." Molecular and General Genetics MGG 218, no. 1 (July 1989): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00330558.

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Maley, Alexander M., and Jack L. Arbiser. "Gentian Violet: a 19th century drug re-emerges in the 21st century." Experimental Dermatology 22, no. 12 (November 27, 2013): 775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/exd.12257.

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Seiwerth, Jasmin, Georgia Tasiopoulou, Julia Hoffmann, Ute Wölfle, Kay Schwabe, Karl-Werner Quirin, and Christoph Schempp. "Anti-Inflammatory Effect of a Novel Topical Herbal Composition (VEL-091604) Consisting of Gentian Root, Licorice Root and Willow Bark Extract." Planta Medica 85, no. 07 (January 28, 2019): 608–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0835-6806.

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AbstractThe anti-inflammatory properties of the topical herbal composition VEL-091604 with gentian root, licorice root, and willow bark extract were assessed in a randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind ultraviolet (UV)-erythema test study with 42 healthy volunteers in comparison to 1% hydrocortisone acetate. The efficacy and tolerability of VEL-091604 cream 2 times daily over 2 wk was evaluated in an open-label, prospective proof of concept study in 10 subjects with atopic dermatitis using a lesional SCORAD severity score. In the UV-erythema test VEL-091604 cream significantly reduced inflammation compared to placebo and was as effective as 1% hydrocortisone acetate. The clinical study with atopic subjects revealed a significant and rapid reduction of the lesional SCORAD severity score in the test areas after 1 and 2 wk. No adverse events were recorded. It is concluded that the herbal cream VEL-091604 with licorice root, willow bark, and gentian root extract display anti-inflammatory properties in vivo. It is a promising new treatment option for atopic dermatitis that warrants further investigation in controlled studies.

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Petrova, Maria I., Ely G. Zayova, Lyudmila I. Dimitrova, Maria P. Geneva, and Kamelia D. Miladinova-Georgieva. "MICROPROPAGATION STUDIES AND ANTIOXIDANT ANALYSIS OF THE ENDANGERED PLANTS OF BULGARIAN YELLOW GENTIAN (Gentiana lutea L.)." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 18, no. 3 (June 18, 2019): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2019.3.7.

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In order to develop an efficient micropropagation system, it is essential to establish the appropriate concentration of growth regulators for seed germination, shoot formation and rooting. Nodal segments from in vitro obtained seedlings of Gentiana lutea L. were cultured in vitro in Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with BAP, Thidiazuron and Zeatin (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L−1). A maximum number of shoots with the highest height was recorded at 2.0 mg L−1 BAP. For further optimization of the process, we used nutrient media containing BAP and Zeatin with a combination of low concentration of Indoleacetic acid. MS medium containing 2.0 mg L−1 Zeatin and 0.2 mg L−1 IAA resulted in maximum numbers of shoots 94.3) with shoot height 2.5 cm. The multiple plants were successfully ex vitro acclimatized with 65% survival. The presence of growth regulators (2.0 mg L−1 Zeatin and 0.2 mg L−1 IAA) in the nutrient media resulted in an effective antioxidant activity in G. Lutea determined by the low molecular antioxidant metabolites such as phenols and flavonoids and activities of antioxidant enzymes – catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. The described protocol allows the establishment of numerous micropropaged plants of rare and endangered G. lutea.

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Wood, E. R., and S. W. Matson. "The molecular cloning of the gene encoding the Escherichia coli 75-kDa helicase and the determination of its nucleotide sequence and gentic map position." Journal of Biological Chemistry 264, no. 14 (May 1989): 8297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83182-9.

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Fukuchi-Mizutani, Masako, Hiroaki Okuhara, Yuko Fukui, Masahiro Nakao, Yukihisa Katsumoto, Keiko Yonekura-Sakakibara, Takaaki Kusumi, Toshiharu Hase, and Yoshikazu Tanaka. "Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of a Novel UDP-Glucose:Anthocyanin 3′-O-Glucosyltransferase, a Key Enzyme for Blue Anthocyanin Biosynthesis, from Gentian." Plant Physiology 132, no. 3 (July 2003): 1652–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.102.018242.

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Mishiba, Kei-ichiro, Satoshi Yamasaki, Takashi Nakatsuka, Yoshiko Abe, Hiroyuki Daimon, Masayuki Oda, and Masahiro Nishihara. "Strict De Novo Methylation of the 35S Enhancer Sequence in Gentian." PLoS ONE 5, no. 3 (March 23, 2010): e9670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0009670.

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Rao, S., R. Morris, Z. Rice, and J. L. Arbiser. "286 Regression of diffuse B-cell lymphoma of the leg with intralesional gentian violet." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 137, no. 5 (May 2017): S49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.302.

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Ohno, Tsutomu, Eiichi Mikami, and Hisao Oka. "Analysis of crude drugs using reversed-phase TLC/scanning densitometry. (II) Identification of ginseng, red ginseng, gentian, Japanese gentian, pueraria root, gardenia fruit, schisandra fruit and ginger." Journal of Natural Medicines 60, no. 2 (November 19, 2005): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11418-005-0018-y.

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Xue, Wanjie, Lishan Wang, Xueqi Li, Mingwei Tang, Jingyao Li, Bing Ding, Saneyuki Kawabata, Yuhua Li, and Yang Zhang. "Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative PCR in Eustoma grandiflorum under Different Experimental Conditions." Horticulturae 8, no. 2 (February 14, 2022): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8020164.

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Eustoma grandiflorum, commonly known as prairie gentian or Texas bluebells, is among the most popular agriculturally propagated species of cut flowers. Due to its widespread appeal, there is increasing interest in understanding the molecular genetic factors underlying floral development and resistance to abiotic stresses. We analyzed 18 potential reference genes in different organs, at different floral developmental stages and under drought- and salt-stress treatments, for use in RT-qPCR analysis. A total of four analytical tool packages, including geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder were employed to determine the most appropriate reference genes under each treatment condition. The results demonstrate that different reference genes should be used for normalization under different experimental treatments. EgPP and EgPP2A2 were the most stable internal control genes across different organ types, EgPP and Eg18S were the most stable under salt-stress, EgPP and EgACT1 were the most stable across different floral development stages, and EgEF1A and EgTUA were the most stable reference genes under drought-stress. Additional gene expression analyses of EgMIXTA1, EgTOE1, and EgP5CS1 further confirmed the applicability of these reference genes. The results represent a significant contribution to future studies of reference gene selection for the normalization of gene expression in Eustoma grandiflorum.

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Davis, Bernard D. "Evolutionary principles and the regulation of engineered bacteria." Genome 31, no. 2 (January 15, 1989): 864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-152.

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The introduction of engineered bacteria to the environment is being overregulated, on the basis of several assumptions: (i) the danger from deliberate introduction on a large scale is much greater than that from accidental release; (ii) the more distant the source of the DNA the greater the risk; (iii) novel organisms are likely to cause unexpected ecological damage, like that seen with native organisms transplanted to a novel location; (iv) even if the probability of harm is very small, great care must be taken because the harm might be large; (v) products of recombinant DNA must be treated differently from products of classical gentic manipulation; and (vi) our unlimited power to manipulate DNA implies an unlimited power to refashion organisms. Evolutionary principles contradict all these assumptions. Moreover, our increased power of genetic manipulation must be recognized as an expansion of the biotechnology of domestication; and unlike the physical technologies, the long history of domestication has not adventitiously created harmful by-products. I propose that in dealing with such novel and unpredictable developments it would be better to respond with speed and resilience to problems as they arise, rather than to hamper advances by clumsy regulations based on unsubstantiated guesses.Key words: bioengineering, antiscience, biotechnology, risk assessment.

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38

Hikage, Takashi, Yasushi Saitoh, Claire Tanaka-Saito, Hisakazu Hagami, Fumi Satou, Yoshitaka Shimotai, Yuki Nakano, Miho Takahashi, Yoshihito Takahata, and Ken-ichi Tsutsumi. "Structure and allele-specific expression variation of novel α/β hydrolase fold proteins in gentian plants." Molecular Genetics and Genomics 278, no. 1 (April 12, 2007): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00438-007-0230-4.

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Hikage, Takashi, Noriko Yamagishi, Yui Takahashi, Yasushi Saitoh, Nobuyuki Yoshikawa, and Ken-ichi Tsutsumi. "Allelic variants of the esterase gene W14/15 differentially regulate overwinter survival in perennial gentian (Gentiana L.)." Molecular Genetics and Genomics 291, no. 2 (December 23, 2015): 989–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00438-015-1160-1.

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40

Temperton, Nigel J., Shane R. Wilkinson, David J. Meyer, and John M. Kelly. "Overexpression of superoxide dismutase in Trypanosoma cruzi results in increased sensitivity to the trypanocidal agents gentian violet and benznidazole." Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 96, no. 1-2 (October 1998): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-6851(98)00127-3.

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41

Azman, Nurul, Francisco Segovia, Xavier Martínez-Farré, Emilio Gil, and María Almajano. "Screening of Antioxidant Activity of Gentian Lutea Root and Its Application in Oil-in-Water Emulsions." Antioxidants 3, no. 2 (June 19, 2014): 455–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox3020455.

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42

Li, Songlin, Ziqiang Li, Chunyan Sang, Jiacan Zhang, Naisong Chen, and Xuxiong Huang. "Glucose transporters in pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂ ): Molecular cloning, characterization, tissue distribution and their expressions in response to dietary carbohydrate level." Aquaculture Research 49, no. 1 (August 19, 2017): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/are.13455.

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43

Bragulat, M. Rosa, and F. Javier Cabañes. "Effect of gentian violet on the growth of the N and T RFLP types of the Aspergillus niger aggregate." Journal of Microbiological Methods 75, no. 1 (September 2008): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2008.05.011.

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Nishihara, Masahiro, Takashi Hikage, Eri Yamada, and Takashi Nakatsuka. "A single-base substitution suppresses flower color mutation caused by a novel miniature inverted-repeat transposable element in gentian." Molecular Genetics and Genomics 286, no. 5-6 (October 15, 2011): 371–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00438-011-0652-x.

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45

Iqbal, Omer, George Plamoottil, Nasir Sadeghi, Debra Hoppensteadt, and Jawed Fareed. "Oversulfated Chondroitin Sulfate Does Not Cause Augmentation in HIT Antibody Mediated Heparin-Induced Platelet Aggregation (HIPA)." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 2417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.2417.2417.

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Abstract Abstract 2417 Poster Board II-394 Heparin is one of the widely used anticoagulants for the prophylaxis and treatment of thrombotic disorders. Heparin, a linear polysaccharide belonging to a family of glycosaminoglycans (GAGS) consists of repeating disaccharide units of 1-4 linked iduronic acid and glucosamine residues. Heparin is a mixture of low, medium and high molecular fractions and is heterogeneous not only in terms of molecular weight but also sites and degree of sulfation. Oversulfated chondroitin sulfate, one of the important toxic contaminants in certain batches of heparins manufactured during 2007 to 2008 resulted in deaths of some patients following intravenous administration that led to the recall of these heparins by the FDA. An increased incidence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and thrombosis syndrome (HITTS) was reported as a result of contaminated heparins. It was hypothesized that OSCS interacts with heparins and other LMWHs increasing their HIT/HITTS potential. In order to validate this hypothesis blood was drawn from healthy volunteers (n=5) and mixed with 3.2% sodium citrate solution (9 parts of whole blood to 1 part of citrate). The citrated blood samples were centrifuged at 800 rpm to obtain platelet rich plasma (PRP) and further centrifuged at 3000 rpm to obtain platelet poor plasma (PPP). Apheresis fluid was collected from confirmed cases of HIT and pooled. The platelet aggregometers (Biodata) were blanked with individual PPP. The PRP (300ml) was mixed with HIT positive pooled apheresis fluid (200ml) and platelet aggregation was recorded using Gentium Heparin, Enoxaparin, and Bemiparin at a final concentration of 10mg/ml, either alone or in mixtures of 10%, 20% and 30% OSCS. The Heparin-induced platelet aggregations (HIPA) were run for a period of 30 minutes and the tracings obtained. While OSCS alone at a final concentration of 10 mg/ml caused an average of 29.5% platelet aggregation, it did not cause an augmentation of platelet aggregation in 10%, 20% and 30% mixtures with Heparin, Enoxaparin, Bemiparin and AVE 5026 (see table). This data suggests that drugs like heparin, and low molecular weight heparins such as Enoxaparin, and Bemiparin did not augment HIT/HITTS response when combined in various proportions with OSCS. Based on HIPA the reported increase in HIT response may therefore be due to in vivo interactions of the OSCS with platelets and endothelial cells. Corroborative evidence from clinical studies are warranted to validate these preliminary results. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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MATSUKAWA, Kazushige, Mika OGATA, Takashi HIKAGE, Hiroyuki MINAMI, Yoshitaka SHIMOTAI, Yasushi SAITOH, Tetsuro YAMASHITA, et al. "Antiproliferative Activity of Root Extract from Gentian Plant (Gentiana triflora) on Cultured and Implanted Tumor Cells." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 70, no. 4 (January 2006): 1046–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.70.1046.

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Lelli, Veronica, Romina Molinari, Nicolò Merendino, and Anna Maria Timperio. "Detection and Comparison of Bioactive Compounds in Different Extracts of Two Hazelnut Skin Varieties, Tonda Gentile Romana and Tonda Di Giffoni, Using a Metabolomics Approach." Metabolites 11, no. 5 (May 5, 2021): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050296.

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Agro-wastes are one of the major sources for nutritional and therapeutic benefits along with other beneficial properties. Dark brown pellicular pericarp (skin or testa), covering the hazelnut seed, is removed before consumption after the roasting of a kernel. Defatted skins of both hazelnut varieties, Tonda Gentile Romana and Tonda di Giffoni, were profiled by a metabolomics-based approach and this was used to discriminate between these two different hazelnut cultivars. In particular, an untargeted metabolomic extract from hazelnut by-products was investigated by UHPLC-Mass spectrometry followed by multivariate statistics analysis, and significant qualitative and quantitative metabolic differences were observed between them. Samples were also assessed for their total phenolic and antioxidant capacity using two different assays. Although no significant differences were found in total phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity, the Flavone, Flavonol, Flavonoid, and Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis pathway was significantly higher in the Romana rather than in the Giffoni variety, whereas Myricetin and Syringetin compounds were more representative in Giffoni cultivars. These results indicated that hazelnut skin, especially from the Romana variety, could potentially be used as an ingredient in healthy food. Healthy food is a new food category with an expanding demand from future generations.

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Takahashi, Shigekazu, Suguru Ozawa, Kintake Sonoike, Katsutomo Sasaki, and Masahiro Nishihara. "Morphological and cytological observations of corolla green spots reveal the presence of functional chloroplasts in Japanese gentian." PLOS ONE 15, no. 8 (August 26, 2020): e0237173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237173.

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Berman, Judit, Yanmin Sheng, Lourdes Gómez Gómez, Tania Veiga, Xiuzhen Ni, Gemma Farré, Teresa Capell, et al. "Red Anthocyanins and Yellow Carotenoids Form the Color of Orange-Flower Gentian (Gentiana lutea L. var. aurantiaca)." PLOS ONE 11, no. 9 (September 2, 2016): e0162410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162410.

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Öztürk, Nilgün, Seval Korkmaz, Yusuf Öztürk, and K. Başer. "Effects of Gentiopicroside, Sweroside and Swertiamarine, Secoiridoids from Gentian (Gentiana luteassp. symphyandra), on Cultured Chicken Embryonic Fibroblasts." Planta Medica 72, no. 04 (February 2006): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-916198.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Molecular gentics'

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