Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation Molecular dynamics'
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Cai, Qiong. "Hybrid molecular dynamics simulation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10849.
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Sargant, Robert John. "Molecular dynamics simulations of elongated molecules." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/molecular-dynamics-simulations-of-elongated-molecules(35c31c02-aa1f-4c87-bab9-db81d813974b).html.
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The existence of a thermotropic biaxial nematic liquid crystal phase has been a topic of great interest for almost half a century. Of the various mesogenic shapes suggested as being able to form this phase, theory has suggested that the V-shaped or "bent-core" molecule is one of the most promising candidates. In this thesis we use a simple mesogenic model of a bent-core molecule, constructed from a number of repulsive Weeks-Chandler-Andersen potentials that are assembled into a rigid V shape. Using this model we explore the spontaneous phase behaviour that occurs in a wide array of different systems of mesogens, using molecular dynamics simulations and isotropic initial conditions. We study the relationship between molecular bend angle and phase behavior for molecules constructed from 11 potentials. We find that the phase behaviour splits into two regions, above and below a critical bend angle. Molecules wider than this angle exhibit isotropic, uniaxial nematic and smectic A phases. Narrower molecules show no uniaxially aligned phases, and instead have a clustered phase with short-range ordering and no global alignment director. Increasing system size improves the smectic layering in the wider molecules, but does not affect the global alignment of the narrower molecules. Our model is extended to include the effect of the arm length of the molecule by changing the number of potentials from which the mesogens are constructed. As the molecule is reduced in size, the critical bend angle is seen to move slowly towards more linear molecules, reducing the size of the parameter space in which uniaxial nematic alignment is possible. At 5 beads, all mesophases are seen to disappear and systems remain isotropic. We also study the behaviour of binary mixtures of bent-core molecules, both of differing arm lengths and of differing bend angles. For arm length mixtures, molecules are seen to remain mixed in the isotropic and nematic phases, and phase separate on transition to a smectic phase. In addition, uniaxial nematic phases are induced in systems that have no nematic phase of their own in isolation. For mixtures of different bend angles, systems remain fully mixed in the smectic phases for differences of up to 10 degrees, and beyond this the two components begin to separate at the nematic–smectic transition.
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Bekker, Hendrik. "Molecular dynamics simulation methods revised." [Groningen] : [Groningen] : Rijksuniversiteit Groningen ; [University Library Groningen] [Host], 1996. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/14860532X.
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Doig, Michael. "Molecular dynamics simulations of surface-active molecules under dynamic conditions found in engines." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/17968.
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Lubricants oils play an important role in a wide range of industrial and mechanical processes, where they are used to reduce both the friction and wear between interacting moving surfaces. The current understanding of lubrication is mainly based on empirical evidence, obtained from experiment. In this work, computer simulations are used to gain insight into the microscopic processes that lead to the modification of friction and wear by additive molecules adsorbed on sheared surfaces lubricated by thin liquid films. The specific area of application under consideration is the lubrication of automotive engine parts. The interactions between additive molecules are first determined using density-functional theory calculations. The interactions are then validated against available experimental data, and incorporated in to large-scale molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations, which are used to explore the structure and frictional properties of lubricated surfaces. The surfaces considered are alumina and iron oxide. The lubricating oils are squalane and hexadecane, which are representative of automotive lubricants, and the additive molecules are stearic acid, oleic acid and various oleamides. MD simulations are performed over wide ranges of the relevant physical conditions, namely pressure, temperature, and shear rate. The additives adsorb on to the surfaces and provide a physical connection between the surfaces and the lubricating liquid. The structures of adsorbed films are analysed in microscopic detail using functions of atomic positions and molecular geometry. Several important trends are identified, linking molecular isomerism and architecture with the structure and stability of the adsorbed film. In addition, the simulation results are used to gain insight on recent experimental measurements of film structure. The friction coefficients in various situations are computed and analysed with reference to the structures of the adsorbed films. The synthesis of these data and observed trends yields new insights on the intimate link between the molecular properties of lubricants, and the macroscopic frictional properties of macroscopic lubricated engine parts.
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Tarmyshov, Konstantin B. "Molecular dynamics simulations." Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/787/1/000_pdfsam_PhD_thesis_-_All_-_LinuxPS2PDF.ps.pdf.
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Molecular simulations can provide a detailed picture of a desired chemical, physical, or biological process. It has been developed over last 50 years and is being used now to solve a large variety of problems in many different fields. In particular, quantum calculations are very helpful to study small systems at a high resolution where electronic structure of compounds is accounted for. Molecular dynamics simulations, in turn, are employed to study development of a certain molecular ensemble via its development in time and space. Chapter 1 gives a short overview of techniques used today in molecular simulations field, their limitations, and their development. Chapter 2 concentrates on the description of methods used in this work to perform molecular dynamics simulations of cucurbit[6]uril in aqueous and salt solutions as well as metal-isopropanol interface. This is followed by Chapter 3 that outlines main areas in our life where these systems can be used. The development of instruments is as important as the scientific part of molecular simulations like methods and algorithms. Parallelization procedure of the atomistic molecular dynamics program YASP for shared-memory computer architectures is described in Chapter 4. Parallelization was restricted to the most CPU-time consuming parts: neighbour-list construction, calculation of non-bonded, angle and dihedral forces, and constraints. Most of the sequential FORTRAN code was kept; parallel constructs were inserted as compiler directives using the OpenMP standard. Only in the case of the neighbour list the data structure had to be changed. The parallel code achieves a useful speed-up over the sequential version for systems of several thousand atoms and above. On an IBM Regatta p690+, the throughput increases with the number of processors up to a maximum of 12-16 processors depending on characteristics of the simulated systems. On dual-processor Xeon systems, the speed-up is about 1.7. Certainly, these results will be of interest to other scientific groups in academia and industry that would like to improve their own simulation codes. In order to develop a molecular receptor or choose from already existing ones that fits certain needs one must have quite good knowledge of non-covalent host-guest interactions. One also wants to have control over the capture/release process via environment of the receptor (pH, salt concentration, etc.). Chapter 5 is devoted to molecular dynamics simulations preformed to study the microscopic structure and dynamics of cations bound to cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) in water and in aqueous solutions of sodium, potassium, and calcium chloride. The molarities are 0.183M for the salts, and 0.0184M for CB[6]. The cations bind only to CB[6] carbonyl oxygens. They are never found inside the CB[6] cavity. Complexes with Na+ and K+ mostly involve one cation, whereas with Ca2+ single- and double-cation complexes are formed in similar proportions. The binding dynamics strongly depends on the type of cation. A smaller size or higher charge increases the residence time of a cation at a given carbonyl oxygen. The diffusion dynamics also corresponds to the binding strength of cations: the stronger binding the slower diffusion and reorientation dynamics. When bound to CB[6], sodium and potassium cations jump mainly between nearest or second-nearest neighbours. Calcium shows no hopping dynamics. It is coordinated predominantly by one CB[6] oxygen. A few water molecules (zero to four) can occupy the CB[6] cavity, which is delimited by the CB[6] oxygen faces. Their residence time is hardly influenced by sodium and potassium ions. In the case of calcium the residence time of the inner water increases notably. A simple structural model for the cations acting as “lids” over the CB[6] portal cannot, however, be confirmed. The slowing of the water exchange by the ions is a consequence of the generally slower dynamics in their presence and of their stable solvation shells. The study of binding behaviour of simple hydrophobic (Lennard-Jones) particles by CB[6] showed that these particles do not bind. A simple test showed that the size of hydrophobic particles in this case is important for a stable encapsulation. Another challenging field of research is the metal-organic interfaces. Particularly, transition metals are more difficult as they form chemical bonds, though sometimes very weak, with a large number of organic compounds. In Chapter 6 a molecular dynamics model and its parameterization procedure are devised and used to study adsorption of isopropanol on platinum(111) (Pt(111)) surface in unsaturated and oversaturated coverages regimes. Static and dynamic properties of the interface between Pt(111) and liquid isopropanol are also investigated. The magnitude of the adsorption energy at unsaturated level increases at higher coverages. At the oversaturated coverage (multilayer adsorption) the adsorption energy reduces, which coincides with findings by Panja et al. in their temperature-programmed desorption experiment (ref. 25). The density analysis showed a strong packing of molecules at the interface followed by a depletion layer and then by an oscillating density profile up to 3 nm. The distribution of individual atom types showed that the first adsorbed layer forms a hydrophobic methyl “brush”. This “brush” then determines the distributions further from the surface. In the second layer methyl and methine groups are closer to the surface and are followed by the hydroxyl groups; the third layer has exactly the inverted distribution. The alternating pattern extends up to about 2 nm from the surface. The orientational structure of molecules as a function of distance of molecules is determined by the atoms distribution and surprisingly does not depend on the electrostatic or chemical interactions of isopropanol with the metal surface. However, possible formation of hydrogen bonds in the first layer is notably influenced by these interactions. The surface-adsorbate interactions influence mobility of isopropanol molecules only in the first layer. Mobility in the higher layers is independent of these interactions. Finally, Chapter 7 summarizes main conclusions of the studies presented in this thesis and outlines perspectives of the future research.
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Baker, Joseph Lee. "Steered Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Biological Molecules." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/205416.
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Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, which employs an empirical potential energy function to describe the interactions between the atoms in a system, is used to investigate atomistic motions of proteins. However, the timescale of many biological processes exceeds the reach of standard MD due to computational limitations. To circumvent these limitations, steered molecular dynamics (SMD), which applies external forces to the simulated system, can be used.Dynamical properties of the gonococcal type IV pilus (GC-T4P) from the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae are first considered. T4 pili are long, filamentous proteins constructed from a subunit (pilin) found to emanate from the surface of pathogenic bacteria. They can withstand large forces (~100 pN), and are implicated in infection. SMD simulations are performed to study the response of the filament to an applied force. Our simulations reveal that stability of the pilus likely results from hydrophobic contacts between pilin domains buried within the filament core. Along the filament surface, gaps are formed between pilin globular head domains. These gaps reveal an amino acid sequence that was also observed to become exposed in the experimentally stretched filament. We propose two other regions initially hidden in the native filament that might become exposed upon stretching.The multidrug resistance transporter EmrD, found in the inner membrane of Escherichia coli is also the target of our studies. EmrD removes harmful drugs from the bacterial cell. We use MD to explore equilibrium dynamics of the protein, and MD/SMD to study drug interactions and transport along its central cavity. Motions supporting a previously proposed lateral diffusion pathway for substrate from the cytoplasmic membrane leaflet into the central cavity were observed. Additionally, interactions of a few specific residues with CCCP have been identified.Finally, we describe network analysis as an approach for analyzing conformational sampling by MD simulations. We demonstrate for several model systems that networks can be used to visualize both the dominant conformational substates of a trajectory and the connectivity between them. Specifically, we compare the results of various clustering algorithms to the network layouts and show how information from both methods can be combined.
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Wildman, Jack. "Molecular dynamics simulations of conjugated semiconducting molecules." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3261.
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In this thesis, we present a study of conformational disorder in conjugated molecules focussed primarily on molecular dynamics (MD) simulation methods. Along with quantum chemical approaches, we develop and utilise MD simulation methods to study the conformational dynamics of polyfluorenes and polythiophenes and the role of conformational disorder on the optical absorption behaviour observed in these molecules. We first report a classical force-field parameterisation scheme for conjugated molecules which defines a density functional theory method of accuracy comparable to high-order ab-initio calculations. In doing so, we illustrate the role of increasing conjugated backbone and alkyl side-chain length on inter-monomer dihedral angle potentials and atomic partial charge distributions. The scheme we develop forms a minimal route to conjugated force-field parameterisation without substantial loss of accuracy. We then present a validation of our force-field parameterisation scheme based on self-consistent measures, such as dihedral angle distributions, and experimental measures, such as persistence lengths, obtained from MD simulations. We have subsequently utilised MD simulations to investigate the interplay of solvent and increasing side-chain lengths, the emergence of conjugation breaks, and the wormlike chain nature of conjugated oligomers. By utilising MD simulation geometries as input for quantum chemical calculations, we have investigated the role of conformational disorder on absorption spectral broadening and the formation of localised excitations. We conclude that conformational broadening is effectively independent of backbone length due to a reduction in the effect of individual dihedral angles with increasing length and also show that excitation localisation occurs as a result of large dihedral angles and molecular asymmetry.
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Ernst, Matthew Brian. "Molecular dynamics simulation of DNA lesions." Online access for everyone, 2005. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2005/m%5Fernst%5F121305.pdf.
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Naser, Md Abu. "Molecular dynamics simulation of protein adsorption." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2187.
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Lu, Lanyuan Berkowitz Max L. "Molecular dynamics simulation of amphiphilic aggregates." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,787.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 18, 2007). " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Chemistry." Discipline: Chemistry; Department/School: Chemistry.
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Sun, Jizhong. "Molecular dynamics simulation of colloidal monolayers." Thesis, University of Hull, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397087.
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Ding, Wei. "Molecular dynamics simulation of biomembrane systems." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2018. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/36217.
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The fundamental structure of all biological membranes is the lipid bilayer. At- tributed to the multifaceted features of lipids and its dynamical interaction with other membrane-integrated molecules, the lipid bilayer is involved in a variety of physiological phenomena such as transmembrane transportation, cellular signalling transduction, energy storage, etc. Due to the nanoscale but high complexity of the lipid bilayer system, experimental investigation into many important processes at the molecular level is still challenging. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has been emerging as a powerful tool to study the lipid membrane at the nanoscale. Utilizing atomistic MD, we have quantitatively investigated the effect of lamellar and nonlamellar lipid composition changes on a series of important bilayer properties, and how membranes behave when exposed to a high-pressure environment. A series of membrane properties such as lateral pressure and dipole potential pro les are quanti ed. Results suggest the hypothesis that compositional changes, involving both lipid heads and tails, modulate crucial mechanical and electrical features of the lipid bilayer, so that a range of biological phenomena, such as the permeation through the membrane and conformational equilibria of membrane proteins, may be regulated. Furthermore, water also plays an essential role in the biomembrane system. To balance accuracy and efficiency in simulations, a coarse-grained ELBA water model was developed. Here, the ELBA water model is stress tested in terms of temperature- and pressure-related properties, as well as hydrating properties. Results show that the accuracy of the ELBA model is almost as good as conventional atomistic water models, while the computational efficiency is increased substantially.
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Yim, Shon W. 1973. "Molecular dynamics simulation of boundary lubrication." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44493.
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Sun, Mingqiu. "Molecular dynamics simulation of fluid systems /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487849696964891.
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Yani, Yin. "Molecular dynamics simulation of nanocomposite materials." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009.
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Mizuno, Hideyuki. "Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies of Dynamical Properties of Supercooled Liquids." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157540.
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Triandafilidi, Vasilii. "Molecular dynamics simulation of polymer crystallization process." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54825.
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Large scale molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to study the kinetics of polymer melt crystallization. A coarse-grained model CG-PVA developed by Meyer and Muller-Plathe is applied. A new algorithm for analyzing crystallization is proposed. It is based on the alignment of individual chains which speeds up previous similar calculation by a factor of ten. Moreover, it is found to be more suitable for investigating chain crystallinity in polydisperse systems. Different thermodynamic protocols of polymer crystallization were studied: deep quench, shallow quench and cooling with various rates, as well as polymer pre-stretching and consequent cooling and quenching. Cooling with the slowest rate was shown to generate the highest terminal crystallinity values. Resulting curves were fitted using the Avrami equation that showed good agreement at the early stages of crystallization. As a result shorter chains were found to exhibit higher terminal crystallinity value than the longer ones. Pre-stretching and subsequent quenching was found to have a minor effect on thefinal crystallinity, whereas pre-stretching followed by an intermediate rate cooling was found to increase the terminal crystallinity. The effect of polydispersity was modeled via two bidisperse melts comprising of different proportion of short and long chains. Due to the presence of two relaxation times in the melt, initial stages of bidisperse polymers crystallization were found to be dominated by the short chains, whereas the final stages were dominated by the long ones. Further investigation concluded that the behavior of bidisperse melts is governed by the proportion of short and long chains in the melt. When a critical fraction of the long chains was reached, they appeared to act as baby nuclei for the short chains to attach themselves onto resulting in bundle-like fringed micelle structures. Otherwise, they acted as "molecular traps" hindering crystallization of the short chains. When a critical fraction of the short chains was reached, they were found to assist crystallization of the long chains at the initial stages of crystallization but impede crystallization dynamics at the final stages.Applied Science, Faculty of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Vedell, Peter Thomas. "Boundary value approaches to molecular dynamics simulation." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
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Lion, Thomas. "Osmosis : a molecular dynamics computer simulation study." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7877.
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Osmosis is a phenomenon of critical importance in a variety of processes ranging from the transport of ions across cell membranes and the regulation of blood salt levels by the kidneys to the desalination of water and the production of clean energy using potential osmotic power plants. However, despite its importance and over one hundred years of study, there is an ongoing confusion concerning the nature of the microscopic dynamics of the solvent particles in their transfer across the membrane. In this thesis the microscopic dynamical processes underlying osmotic pressure and concentration gradients are investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. I first present a new derivation for the local pressure that can be used for determining osmotic pressure gradients. Using this result, the steady-state osmotic pressure is studied in a minimal model for an osmotic system and the steady-state density gradients are explained using a simple mechanistic hopping model for the solvent particles. The simulation setup is then modified, allowing us to explore the timescales involved in the relaxation dynamics of the system in the period preceding the steady state. Further consideration is also given to the relative roles of diffusive and non-diffusive solvent transport in this period. Finally, in a novel modi cation to the classic osmosis experiment, the solute particles are driven out-of-equilibrium by the input of energy. The effect of this modi cation on the osmotic pressure and the osmotic ow is studied and we find that active solute particles can cause reverse osmosis to occur. The possibility of defining a new "osmotic effective temperature" is also considered and compared to the results of diffusive and kinetic temperatures.
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Sanchez-Castillo, Francisco Xavier. "Compaction of powders by molecular dynamics simulation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272141.
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Alsayegh, Rajab. "Vision-augmented molecular dynamics simulation of nanoindentation." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13660.
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This thesis has contributed to the literature by providing a pathway to simplify the process of carrying out molecular dynamics simulation. As a part of the investigation, a user-friendly vision-augmented technique was developed to set up and carry out atomistic simulations using hand-gestures. The system is novel in its concept as it enables the user to directly manipulate the atomic structures on the screen, in 3D space using hand gestures, allowing the exploration and visualisation of molecular interactions at different relative conformations. The hand gestures are used to pick and place atoms on the screen allowing thereby the ease of preparing and carrying out molecular dynamics simulations in a more intuitive way. The end result is that users with limited expertise in developing molecular structures can now do so easily and intuitively by the use of body gestures to interact with the simulator to study the system in question. The proposed system was tested by performing parallel molecular dynamics simulations to study (i) crystal anisotropy of a diamond cubic substrate (crystalline silicon) using nanoindentation with a long-range (Screened bond order) Tersoff potential and (ii) crystal anisotropy of a body centre cubic metal (tantalum) using nanoindentation with an Embedded Atomic Method (EAM) type potential. The MD data was post-processed to reveal size effects observed in anisotropy of both these materials, namely, silicon and tantalum. The value of hardness and elastic modulus obtained from the MD data was found in accordance with what has been discovered previously by experiments, thereby validating the simulations. Based on this, it is anticipated that the proposed system will open up new horizons to the current methods on how an MD simulation is designed and executed.
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Sweet, Christopher Richard. "Hamiltonian thermostatting techniques for molecular dynamics simulation." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30526.
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Molecular dynamics trajectories that sample from a Gibbs, or canonical, distribution can be generated by introducing a modified Hamiltonian with additional degrees of freedom as described by Nose [46]. Although this method has found widespread use in its time re-parameterized Nose-Hoover form, the lack of a Hamiltonian, and the need to 'tune' thermostatting parameters has limited, its use compared to stochastic methods. In addition, since the proof of the correct sampling is based on an ergodic assumption, thermostatting small of stiff systems often does not given the correct distributions unless the Nose-Hoover chains [43] method is used, which inherits the Nose-Hoover deficiencies noted above. More recently the introduction of the Hamiltonian Nose-Poincare method [11], where symplectic integrators can be used for improved long term stability, has renewed interest in the possibility of Hamiltonian methods which can improve dynamical sampling. This class of methods, although applicable to small systems, has applications in large scale systems with complex chemical structure, such as protein-bath and quantum-classical models.;For Nose dynamics, it is often stated that the system is driven to equilibrium through a resonant interaction between the self-oscillation frequency of the thermostat variable and a natural frequency of the underlying system. By the introduction of multiple thermostat Hamiltonian formulations, which are not restricted to chains, it has been possible to clarify this perspective, using harmonic models, and exhibit practical deficiencies of the standard Nose-chain approach. This has led to the introduction of two Hamiltonian schemes, the Nose-Poincare chains method and the Recursive Multiple Thermostat (RMT) method. The RMT method obtains canonical sampling without the stability problems encountered with chains with the advantage that the choice of Nose mass is independent of the underlying system.
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Ahammed, Ballal. "MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF SELF-HEALING POLYMERS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1564686567714321.
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Vaitheeswaran, Subramanian. "Computer Simulations of Partially Confined Water." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/VaitheeswaranS2004.pdf.
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Gunnerson, Kim Noreen. "Computer simulation studies of molecular interactions by application of classical molecular dynamics /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8668.
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Harrell, Anthony F. "Molecular dynamic modeling and simulation for polymers /." [United States] : Storming Media, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03sep%5FHarrell.pdf.
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Jelinek, Bohumir. "Molecular dynamics simulations of metals." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2008. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11072008-130216.
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Hedman, Fredrik. "Algorithms for Molecular Dynamics Simulations." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Physical, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1008.
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Methods for performing large-scale parallel Molecular Dynamics(MD) simulations are investigated. A perspective on the field of parallel MD simulations is given. Hardware and software aspects are characterized and the interplay between the two is briefly discussed.
A method for performing ab initio MD is described; the method essentially recomputes the interaction potential at each time-step. It has been tested on a system of liquid water by comparing results with other simulation methods and experimental results. Different strategies for parallelization are explored.
Furthermore, data-parallel methods for short-range and long-range interactions on massively parallel platforms are described and compared.
Next, a method for treating electrostatic interactions in MD simulations is developed. It combines the traditional Ewald summation technique with the nonuniform Fast Fourier transform---ENUF for short. The method scales as N log N, where N is the number of charges in the system. ENUF has a behavior very similar to Ewald summation and can be easily and efficiently implemented in existing simulation programs.
Finally, an outlook is given and some directions for further developments are suggested.
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Huhges, Samantha Jayne. "Molecular dynamics simulations of LysU." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269701.
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Elcock, Adrian Hamilton. "Molecular dynamics simulations of DNA." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239313.
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Lundgren, Johan Mathias. "Molecular dynamics simulations of wetting." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397888.
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Bass, Alexander. "Molecular dynamics simulations of sonoluminescence." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1790349561&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Chen, Zhaoyang. "Molecular dynamics simulation of charged dusts in plasmas." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971847266.
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Kormann, Katharina. "Efficient and Reliable Simulation of Quantum Molecular Dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för beräkningsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-180251.
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The time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) models the quantum nature of molecular processes. Numerical simulations based on the TDSE help in understanding and predicting the outcome of chemical reactions. This thesis is dedicated to the derivation and analysis of efficient and reliable simulation tools for the TDSE, with a particular focus on models for the interaction of molecules with time-dependent electromagnetic fields. Various time propagators are compared for this setting and an efficient fourth-order commutator-free Magnus-Lanczos propagator is derived. For the Lanczos method, several communication-reducing variants are studied for an implementation on clusters of multi-core processors. Global error estimation for the Magnus propagator is devised using a posteriori error estimation theory. In doing so, the self-adjointness of the linear Schrödinger equation is exploited to avoid solving an adjoint equation. Efficiency and effectiveness of the estimate are demonstrated for both bounded and unbounded states. The temporal approximation is combined with adaptive spectral elements in space. Lagrange elements based on Gauss-Lobatto nodes are employed to avoid nondiagonal mass matrices and ill-conditioning at high order. A matrix-free implementation for the evaluation of the spectral element operators is presented. The framework uses hybrid parallelism and enables significant computational speed-up as well as the solution of larger problems compared to traditional implementations relying on sparse matrices. As an alternative to grid-based methods, radial basis functions in a Galerkin setting are proposed and analyzed. It is found that considerably higher accuracy can be obtained with the same number of basis functions compared to the Fourier method. Another direction of research presented in this thesis is a new algorithm for quantum optimal control: The field is optimized in the frequency domain where the dimensionality of the optimization problem can drastically be reduced. In this way, it becomes feasible to use a quasi-Newton method to solve the problem.eSSENCE
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Klingelhoefer, Jochen W. "Biophysics of nanopores-multiscale molecular dynamics simulation studies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540136.
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Behera, Santosh K. "Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Crack Propagation in Nickel." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1285010270.
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Abd, Halim Khairul Bariyyah. "Molecular dynamics simulation studies of transmembrane signalling proteins." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bc9e1e0e-433c-4adb-8374-1065eac0f37e.
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Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a major class of cell surface receptors, important in cell signalling events associated with a variety of functions. High-throughput (HTP), coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) simulations have been used to investigate the dimerization of the transmembrane (TM) domain of selected RTKs, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and muscle-specific kinase (MuSK). EGFR activation requires not only a specific TM dimer interface, but also a proper orientation of its juxtamembrane (JM) domain. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) is known to abolish EGFR phosphorylation through interaction with basic residues within the JM domain. Here, a multiscale approach was used to investigate anionic lipid clustering around the TM-JM junction and how such clustering is modulated by the mutation of basic residues. The simulations demonstrated that PIP2 may help stabilize the JM-A antiparallel dimer, which may in turn help stabilize TM domain helix packing of the N-terminal dimerization motif. A proximal TM domain residue has been implicated in the inhibition of ganglioside GM3 in phase-separated membranes. Here, CG simulations were used to explore the dynamic behaviour of the EGFR TM domain dimer in GM3-containing and GM3-depleted bilayers designed to resemble lipid-disordered (Ld) and phase-separated (Ld/Lo) membranes. The simulations suggest that the presence of GM3 in Ld/Lo bilayers can disrupt and destabilize the TM dimer, which helps to explain why GM3 may favour monomeric EGFR in vivo. To gain insights into the dynamic nature of the intact EGFR, a nearly complete EGFR dimer was modelled using available structural data and embedded in an asymmetric compositional complex bilayer, which resembles the mammalian plasma membrane. The results demonstrated the dynamic nature of the EGFR ectodomain and its predicted interactions with lipids in the local bilayer. Strong protein-lipid interactions, as well as lipid-lipid interactions, affect the local clustering of lipids and the diffusion of lipids in the vicinity of the protein on both leaflets.
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Bruce, Neil John. "Investigating protein conformational change via molecular dynamics simulation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-protein-conformational-change-via-molecular-dynamics-simulation(17145939-f643-4b23-bbb9-029cf5489c15).html.
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Accumulation and aggregation of the 42-residue amyloid-[beta] (A[beta]) protein fragment, which originates from the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein by beta and gamma secretase, correlates with the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Possible therapies for AD include peptides based on the A[beta] sequence, and recently identified small molecular weight compounds designed to mimic these, that interfere with the aggregation of A[beta] and prevent its toxic effects on neuronal cells in culture. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to compare the mode of interaction of an active (LPFFD) and inactive (LHFFD) [beta]-sheet breaker peptide with an A[beta] fibril structure from solid state NMR studies. We found that LHFFD had a weaker interaction with the fibril than the active peptide, LPFFD, from geometric and energetic considerations, as estimated by the MM/PBSA approach. Cluster analysis and computational alanine scanning identified important ligand-fibril contacts, including a possible difference in the effect of histidine on ligand-fibril [pi]-stacking interactions, and the role of the proline residue establishing contacts that compete with those essential for maintenance of the inter-monomer [beta]-sheet structure of the fibril. Our results show that molecular dynamics simulations can be a useful way to classify the stability of docking sites. These mechanistic insights into the ability of LPFFD to reverse aggregation of toxic A[beta] will guide the redesign of lead compounds, and aid in developing realistic therapies for AD and other diseases of protein aggregation. We have also performed long explicit solvent MD simulations of unliganded amyloid fibril in three putative protonation states, in order to better understand the energetic and mechanical features of the fibril receptor. Over 100 ns MD simulations, the trajectories where fibril has Glu11 and Glu22 side-chains protonated exhibit the least deviation from the initial solid state NMR structures. Free energy calculations on these rajectories suggest that the weakest fibril interface lies in the lateral rather than transverse direction and that there is little dependence on whether the lateral interface is situated at the edge or middle of the fibril. This agrees with recent reported steered molecular dynamics calculations. Secondly, in an effort to improve the ability of atomistic simulation techniques to directly resolve protein tertiary structure from primary amino acid sequence, we explore the use of a molecular dynamics technique based on swarm intelligence, called SWARM-MD, to identify the native states of two peptides, polyalanine and AEK17, as well as Trp-cage miniprotein. We find that the presence of cooperative swarm interactions significantly enhanced the efficiency of molecular dynamics simulations in predicting native conformation. However, it also is evident that the presence of outlying simulation replicas can adversely impact correctly folded replica structures. By slowly removing the swarm potential after folding simulations, the negative effect of the swarm potential can be alleviated and better agreement with experiment obtained.
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Lunt, William S. "Molecular dynamics simulation of fatigue damage in metals." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FLunt.pdf.
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Poter, Simon Christopher. "Fluid phase coexistence by molecular simulation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242790.
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Banerjee, Soumik. "Molecular Simulation Of Nanoscale Transport Phenomena." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28252.
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Interest in nanoscale heat and mass transport has been augmented through current trends in nanotechnology research. The theme of this dissertation is to characterize electric charge, mass and thermal transport at the nanoscale using a fundamental molecular simulation method, namely molecular dynamics. This dissertation reports simulations of (1) ion intake by carbon nanotubes, (2) hydrogen storage in carbon nanotubes, (3) carbon nanotube growth and (4) nanoscale heat transfer. Ion transport is investigated in the context of desalination of a polar solution using charged carbon nanotubes. Simulations demonstrate that when either a spatially or temporally alternating charge distribution is applied, ion intake into the nanotubes is minimal. Thus, the charge distribution can either be maintained constant (for ion encapsulation) or varied (for water intake) in order to achieve different effects. Next, as an application of mass transport, the hydrogen storage characteristics of carbon nanotubes under modified conditions is reported. The findings presented in this dissertation suggest a significant increment in storage in the presence of alkali metals. The dependence of storage on the external thermodynamic conditions is analyzed and the optimal range of operating conditions is identified. Another application of mass transport is the growth mode of carbon nanostructures (viz. tip growth and base growth). A correct prediction of the dominant growth mode depends on the energy gain due to the addition of C-atoms from the carbon-metal catalyst solution to the graphene sheets forming the carbon nanostructures. This energy gain is evaluated through molecular dynamics simulations. The results suggest tip growth for Ni and base growth for Fe catalysts. Finally, unsteady nanoscale thermal transport at solid-fluid interfaces is simulated using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that the simulated temperature evolution deviates from an analytical continuum solution due to the overall system heterogeneity. Temperature discontinuities are observed between the solid-like interfaces and their neighboring fluid molecules. With an increase in the temperature of the solid wall the interfacial thermal resistance decreases.Ph. D.
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Zhang, Qiong. "Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Biomimetic Carbohydrate Materials." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Teoretisk kemi och biologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-33439.
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The present thesis honors contemporary molecular dynamics simulation methodologies which provide powerful means to predict data, interpret observations and widen our understanding of the dynamics, structures and interactions of carbohydrate systems. With this as starting point my thesis work embarked on several cutting edge problems summarized as follows. In my first work the thermal response in crystal cellulose Iβ was studied with special emphasis on the temperature dependence of the crystal unit cell parameters and the organization of the hydrogen bonding network. The favorable comparison with available experimental data, like the phase transition temperature, the X-ray diffraction crystal structures of cellulose Iβ at room and high temperatures, and temperature dependent IR spectra supported our conclusions on the good performance of the GLYCAM06 force field for the description of cellulose crystals, and that a cautious parameterization of the non-bonded interaction terms in a force field is critical for the correct prediction of the thermal response in cellulose crystals. The adsorption properties of xyloglucans on the cellulose Iβ surface were investigated in my second paper. In our simulations, the interaction energies between xyloglucan and cellulose in water were found to be considerably lower than those in vacuo. The van der Waals interactions played a prevailing role over the electrostatic interactions in the adsorption. Though the variation in one side chain did not have much influence on the interaction energy and the binding affinity, it did affect the structural properties of the adsorbed xyloglucans. The interaction of the tetradecasaccharide XXXGXXXG in complex with the hybrid aspen xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase PttXET16-34 was studied in the third paper. The effect of the charge state of the “nucleophile helper” residue Asp87 on the PttXET16-34 active site structure was emphasized. The results indicate that the catalysis is optimal when the catalytic nucleophile is deprotonated, while the “helper” residue and general acid/base residue are both protonated. In my forth paper, the working mechanism for a redox-responsive bistable [2]rotaxane based on an α-cyclodextrin ring was investigated. The umbrella sampling technique was employed to calculate the free energy profiles for the shuttling motion of the α-cyclodextrin ring between two recognition sites on the dumbbell of the rotaxane. The calculated free energy profiles verified the binding preferences observed experimentally. The driving force for the shuttling movement of the α-cyclodextrin ring was revealed by the analysis of the free energy components.QC 20110513
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Zhang, Junfang. "Computer simulation of nanorheology for inhomogenous fluids." Australasian Digital Thesis Program, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20050620.095154.
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Thesis (PhD) - Swinburne University of Technology, School of Information Technology, Centre for Molecular Simulation - 2005.A thesis submitted in fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Centre for Molecular Simulation, School of Information Technology, Swinburne University of Technology - 2005. Typescript. Bibliography: p. 164-170.
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Yimer, Yeneneh Yalew. "Molecular Ordering, Structure and Dynamics of Conjugated Polymers at Interfaces: Multiscale Molecular Dynamics Simulations." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1416796729.
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Ma, Ning. "On the Conformational Dynamics of DNA: A Perspective from Molecular Dynamics Simulations." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6729.
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The main focus of my dissertation is on the conformational motion of DNA, studied by applying tools from the computational chemistry field. In addition, studies of relative α- and 310 helical stabilities in peptides/mini-proteins, and a molecular flooding study of the retinoid X-receptor as part of a continuing drug design effort are presented. In molecular biology, it has been well known that sequence determines structure, and structure controls function. For proteins or DNA to work properly, the correct configuration is required. Mutations may alter the structure, which can cause malfunction. Non-mutational effects, such as a change in environment may also cause a configurational change and in turn change the functionality of the protein or DNA. Many experimental technics have been developed to investigate the structural or configurational aspects of biological systems, and molecular dynamics simulation has been proven to be a useful complementary tool to gain insights into this problem due to its ability to explore the dynamics and energetics of biomolecular processes at high spatial and time resolution. Molecular dynamics simulations are constrained by the available computational power, but several computational techniques have been developed to reduce computational costs. Also, development of hardware has helped the issue.
Years of hard work on force field parameter optimization built a solid foundation for molecular dynamics simulations, so that the computational model can satisfactory describe many biochemical systems in detail. Techniques such as umbrella ix sampling and reweighting methods have allowed researchers to construct free energy landscapes to reveal the relative stabilities of each major configurational state and the free energy barriers between configurations from relatively short simulations, a process which would otherwise require many microseconds of unbiased simulations.
My dissertation applies multiple advanced simulation techniques to investigate several DNA conformational problems, including the coupling between DNA bending and base flipping, the anisotropy of DNA bending, and intercalation of the dye in a Cy3 labeled DNA system. The main part of this work addressed a long standing question about DNA bending: does DNA prefer to bend toward the major or minor groove. My simulations not only answered this question, but also identified the mechanism by which the one direction is favored. Another part describes peptide/mini-protein helical transitions and studies benefiting ligand design for the retinoid X-receptor.
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Warren, Davis Morgan. "Molecular dynamics simulation of barite and celestite ion-pairs." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41177.
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The presence of ion-pairs in electrolyte solutions affects the activity of dissolved species as well as the solubility of minerals. The extent of ion-pairing in a system is predicted by an association constant, K[subscript A], which for sparingly soluble salts are frequently determined experimentally in binary or ternary systems. This introduces complex activity coefficient calculations that often require unavailable parameters. Barite (BaSO₄) and celestite (SrSO₄) are sparingly soluble minerals with interest in the oil and mining industry, yet the values of K[subscript A] for the ion-pairs BaSO₄(aq.) and SrSO₄(aq.) are still uncertain. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to obtain the K[subscript A] values for these two salts through potential of mean force (PMF) calculations. The molecular mechanisms involved in the association reactions are also explored, in particular the role of the association intermediates in the overall reaction as described by the Eigen mechanism. Additionally, the kinetics of water exchange around the free and paired ions is examined and the residence time of a water coordinated to the free and paired cation is calculated.
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Spearot, Douglas Edward. "Interface cohesion relations based on molecular dynamics simulations." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17862.
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Chen, Jingzhi. "Molecular dynamics simulation of the self-assembly of icosahedral virus." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS326/document.
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Les virus sont connus pour infecter toutes les classes d’organismes vivants sur Terre, qu’elles soient végétales ou animales. Les virions consistent en un génome d'acide nucléique protégé par une enveloppe protéique unique ou multicouche appelée capside et, dans certains cas, par une enveloppe de lipides. La capside virale est généralement composée de centaines ou de milliers de protéines formant des structures ordonnées. La moitié des virus connus présentent une symétrie icosaédrique, les autres étant hélicoïdaux, prolats ou de structure irrégulière complexe. Récemment, les particules virales ont attiré une attention croissante en raison de leur structure extrêmement régulière et de leur utilisation potentielle pour la fabrication de nanostructures ayant diverses fonctions. Par conséquent, la compréhension des mécanismes d'assemblage sous-jacents à la production de particules virales est non seulement utile au développement d'inhibiteurs à des fins thérapeutiques, mais elle devrait également ouvrir de nouvelles voies pour l'auto-assemblage de matériaux supramoléculaires complexes. À ce jour, de nombreuses études expérimentales et théoriques sur l'assemblage de virus ont été effectuées. Des recherches expérimentales ont permis d'obtenir de nombreuses informations sur l'assemblage du virus, y compris les conditions appropriées requises pour l'assemblage et les voies cinétiques. En combinant ces informations et méthodes théoriques, une première compréhension du mécanisme d'assemblage des virus a été élaborée. Cependant, les informations provenant uniquement d'expériences ne peuvent donner une image complète, en particulier à l'échelle microscopique. Par conséquent, dans cette thèse, nous avons utilisé des simulations informatiques, y compris des techniques de Monte Carlo et de la dynamique moléculaire, pour sonder l’assemblage du virus, dans l’espoir de mieux comprendre les mécanismes moléculaires en jeuViruses are known for infecting all classes of living organisms on Earth, whether vegetal or animal. Virions consist of a nucleic acid genome protected by a single or multilayered protein shell called capsid, and in some cases by an envelope of lipids. The viral capsid is generally made of hundreds or thousands of proteins forming ordered structures. Half of all known viruses exhibit an icosahedral symmetry, the rest being helical, prolate or having a complex irregular structure. Recently, viral particles have attracted an increasing attention due to their extremely regular structure and their potential use for fabricating nanostructures with various functions. Therefore, understanding the assembly mechanisms underlying the production of viral particles is not only helpful to the development of inhibitors for therapeutic purpose, but it should also open new routes for the self-assembly of complex supramolecular materials. To date, numerous experimental and theoretical investigations on virus assembly have been performed. Through experimental investigations, a lot of information have been obtained on virus assembly, including the proper conditions required for the assembly and the kinetic pathways. Combining those information and theoretical methods, an initial understanding of the assembly mechanism of viruses has been worked out. However, information coming purely from experiments cannot give the whole picture, in particular at a microscopic scale. Therefore, in this thesis, we employed computer simulations, including Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics techniques, to probe the assembly of virus, with the expectation to gain new insights into the molecular mechanisms at play
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Palaiokostas-Avramidis, Michail. "Molecular dynamics simulations of small molecule permeation through lipid membranes." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/31859.
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Passive permeation through biological membranes is an important mechanism for transporting molecules and regulating the cellular content. Studying and understanding passive permeation is also extremely relevant to many industrial applications, including drug design and nanotechnology. In vivo membranes typically consist of mixtures of lamellar and nonlamellar lipids. Lamellar lipids are characterised by their tendency to form lamellar bilayer phases, which are predominant in biology. Nonlamellar lipids, when isolated, instead form non-bilayer structures such as inverse hexagonal phases. While mixed lamellar/nonlamellar lipid membranes tend to adopt the ubiquitous bilayer structure, the presence of nonlamellar lipids is known to have profound effects on key membrane properties, such as internal distributions of stress and elastic properties. This dissertation examines permeation through lamellar and nonlamellar lipid membranes by utilising atomistic molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with two di erent methods, the z-constraint and the z-restraint, in order to obtain transfer free energy profiles, diffusion profiles and permeation coefficients. An assessment of these methods is performed in search for the optimal, with the goal to create an automated, accurate and robust permeation study framework. Part of the dissertation involves the creation of the corresponding software. Furthermore, this work examines the effect of changing the lamellar vs. nonlamellar lipid composition on the passive permeation mechanism of a series of 13 small molecules and drugs. These nonlamellar lipids are known to affect the lateral pressure distribution inside the membranes. This work investigates the hypothesis that the differences in lateral pressure should increase the resistance to permeation. The results indicate that, upon addition of nonlamellar lipids, permeation is hindered for small molecules but is facilitated for the largest. All results are in agreement with previous experimental and computational studies. This work represents an advancement towards the development of more realistic in silico permeability assays, which may have a substantial future impact in the area of rational drug design.
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Whitehead, L. "Computer simulation of biological membranes and membrane bound proteins." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297412.
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