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1
Davey, Alan Lintern. "A transmission electron microscopic and autoradiographic study of Hertwig's root sheath initiation /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dmd248.pdf.
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Morita, Wataru. "Morphological variability in human maxillary molars." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188520.
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Hoelscher, Benjamin Charles. "Passive eruption patterns in first molars." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/982.
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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine the eruption patterns of maxillary and mandibular first molars from the first occlusal contacts to adulthood. Previous studies have failed to obtain measurements into adulthood or have not been longitudinal in design. By using a measurement during the subjects' adulthood, a better estimate of the changes that occur between the tooth and the gingival margin throughout growth and aging can be obtained. METHODS: The material for this research project was obtained from the Meredith Facial Growth Study from the University of Iowa Orthodontics Department. Records from a set of 64 subjects (35 males and 29 females) were used. Each of these patients had intraoral models taken throughout adolescence into adulthood. A final model was available for each subject in their twenties. Twenty-eight subjects had final records available in their forties (14 males and 14 females). Measurements were recorded for the maxillary first molars (Teeth 3 and 14), and the mandibular first molars (Teeth 19 and 30). Measurements were taken at eleven time points for all sixty-four subjects starting at year 8 and yearly until age 18 with a final measurement taken on a model from the patient's twenties. A subset of twenty-eight subjects contained measurements in their forties. Bitewing Radiographs were also used to measure changes in alveolar bone height at 12, 20, and 40. RESULTS AND CONCUSIONS: Alveolar bone heights and their changes over time measured from the CEJ indicate that the sample population had a stable periodontium. Crown heights at age 20 and 40 were significantly greater than age 11. At age 40, crown heights were significantly greater than age 20. Teeth continue to erupt into a patient's forties in the absence of bone loss and attrition.
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Flamini, Luís Eduardo Souza. "Estudo morfológico e análise da microdureza da dentina na área de furca de dentes molares inferiores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58133/tde-04122012-161754/.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a microdureza dentinária da região da furca de molares inferiores, assim como estudar, por meio da MEV, a morfologia da dentina nessa região. Utilizaram-se 10 espécimes, os quais tiveram a coroa seccionada transversalmente ao meio, sendo descartada a porção oclusal. As raízes mesial e distal foram cortadas próximas ao terço cervical, desprezando-se os terços médio e apical. O remanescente dental foi incluído em acrílico de rápida polimerização e cortado longitudinalmente ao meio, obtendo-se duas hemi-secções. Uma foi destinada ao estudo da morfologia, na qual observaram-se as características da dentina e o sentido dos canalículos dentinários. Na outra, realizou-se a análise da microdureza, por meio de aparelho de dureza Knoop, com carga de 10g por 15s. A área de furca foi estabelecida como sendo a região compreendida entre duas retas ortogonais traçadas a partir do ponto de máxima concavidade da superfície externa da bifurcação. A microdureza foi avaliada nas camadas de dentina superficial (próxima ao assoalho), média e interna (mais próxima à concavidade externa da furca), assim como nos três eixos, mesial (paralelo à reta traçada junto à mesial da furca), central (paralela à bissetriz entre as retas) e distal (paralela à reta traçada junto à distal). Realizaram-se cinco medidas para cada eixo, obtendo-se uma média por eixo. As mensurações foram submetidas à análise estatística (oneway ANOVA) ( α= 0,05). Os resultados mostraram não haver diferença significante (p>0,05) entre a dureza das porções mesial (46,5±6,4), central (47,3±8,1) e distal (49,7±6,5). Em relação às camadas, o teste de Tukey evidenciou diferença significante apenas entre as camadas interna (51,7±2,5) e externa (41,4±2,4) (p<0,05). As imagens da MEV mostraram que os canalículos dentinários assumem trajetória centrípeta em direção à porção interna. Os canalículos dentinários na camada externa apresentam-se amplos e com a luz bastante evidente. Na camada média os canalículos são mais atresiados, ao passo que na interna, a dentina assemelha-se à dentina esclerótica. Conclui-se que a microdureza dentinária na área de furca é uniforme nos 3 eixos. A camada interna é mais dura que a externa. A dentina da região de furca parece ser um tecido bastante mineralizado, tendendo a uma maior calcificação dos canalículos à medida que se aproxima da camada interna.The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentin microhardness in furcation areas of mandibular molars and to study the dentin morphology in these regions by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crows of ten specimens were transversely sectioned and the occlusal portions were discarded. The mesial and distal roots were cut near to the cervical third ignoring the middle and apical thirds. The remaining teeth were included in rapid polymerization acrylic stubs and cut longitudinally resulting in two hemi-sections. One was designed to study the morphology in which was possible to observe characteristics of the dentin and dentinal tubules direction. The other one was used to perform analysis of the microhardness using a Knopp device with load of 10g/15s. The furcation areas were established as the regions between two orthogonal lines drawn from the point of maximum concavity of the outer surface of the bifurcation. Microhardness was measured in the superficial layers of dentin (next to the floor), middle and inner (closest to the concavity of the external furcation), as well as in the three axes: mesial (parallel to the straight line along the mesial furcation), central (parallel to the bisectrix between the lines) and distal (parallel to the line drawn along the distal). Five measurements were performed for each axis yielding an average in each one. The measurements were subjected to statistical analysis (one way - ANOVA) (α = 0.05). The results showed no significant difference (p> 0,05) between the microhardness of the mesial (46.5±6.4), central (47.3±8.1) and distal portions (49.7±6.5). In relation to the layers, the Tukey test showed significant differences only between the inner (51.7±2.5) and outer (41.4±2.4) layers (p <0.05). The SEM images showed that the dentinal tubules assumes centripetal trajectory toward the inner portion. These ones, in the outer layer, presents larger and more evident. In the middle layer are thinner and in the inner layer the dentin is similar to sclerotic dentin. In this study was possible to observe that the microhardness of dentin in the furcation areas is uniform across to the three axes. The inner layer is harder than the outer. The dentin of the furcation areas appears to be a very mineralized tissue having a bigger calcification as it approaches to the inner layer.
5
Shimizu, Daisuke. "Functional Morphology of Molars of Folivorous Primates." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/86466.
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Abdolahi, Mina Eileen. "The relationship between the absence of third molars and the development and eruption of the adjacent second molar." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2429.
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The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine whether patients exhibiting third molar agenesis also exhibit delayed development and/or eruption of the adjacent second molar. The initial panoramic radiographs of 739 patients, 13-17 years of age, from the University of Iowa's Department of Orthodontics were examined. The developmental stage of each second molar according to Demirjian's 8-stage classification system, the eruption stage of each second molar, along with the presence or absence of each third molar were recorded, and Pearson chi-squared tests were used to determine differences in developmental and eruptive timing between those missing third molars and those with third molars present. We conclude that patients missing their maxillary third molars exhibit delayed development of the adjacent maxillary second molars. In addition, patients missing any of their four third molars exhibit delayed eruption of their adjacent second molars. The findings also suggest that mandibular second molars develop later than, but erupt earlier than, maxillary second molars.
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Spears, Iain. "Functional adaptations of hominoid molars : an engineering approach." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241490.
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Heywood, J. J. N. "Ruminant palaeodietary reconstruction using occlusal morphology of upper molars." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603990.
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The study takes an ecomorphological approach to the reconstruction of ruminant diets using the occlusal surface of upper molars. A multivariate approach was used to characterise ruminants of different diets using traits of the exposed enamel ridges and dentine basins. The study also employed a means of control for phylogenetic non-independence, performing the analyses at each taxonomic level from infraorder to tribe. This approach allowed an assessment of the levels of convergent evolution to the same diets within separate taxonomic units. At every level of analysis, bovids of different diets were more clearly distinguishable according to their occlusal morphology than cervids. Lower taxonomic levels generally also gave better classification results than higher ones. It is concluded that ecomorphological analyses may be influenced adversely if the ecological and phylogenetic history of the sample is not considered. Bovid browsers were generally characterised by thinner enamel ridges, especially thin buccal protocone ridges (R3), wide protocones and enamel alignment related to body size. Grazer enamel is thick, long and aligned more parallel to the chewing direction. Browse dominated and mixed feeders with equal levels of browse and grass clustered with browsers. Grass dominated mixed feeders approach the morphology of, but did not cluster amongst grazers. Interspecific morphology varied less in the Cervidae. This is correlated with lower ecological and taxonomic diversity, an absence from open and arid habitats, and low hypsodonty (crown height) compared with bovids. Links between these are considered in terms of historical biogeography and morphological constraint. The ‘cusp fusion hypothesis’ is put forward to explain the failure of cervids to exploit the increasingly arid habitats of the Neogene.
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Plogschties, Thorsten [Verfasser]. "Functional analysis of molars in “symmetrodontan” mammals / Thorsten Plogschties." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2020. http://d-nb.info/122168289X/34.
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Kim-Park, Melanie A. "Working Length Determination in Palatal Roots of Maxillary Molars." VCU Scholars Compass, 2002. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5127.
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The aim of this study was to determine if a buccal curvature in the palatal roots of maxillary molars affected the clinician’s ability to accurately determine working length. Twenty-seven extracted, human maxillary molars were sorted by palatal root curvatures as J- and C-type and the angle of curvature was determined. Straight-line access was made and a #20 file was placed into the canal until the tip was visible at the apical foramen then withdrawn. The file, tooth and calibration wire were radiographed on one image using the RVG. Actual (file) and radiographic (tooth) lengths were determined using the RVG ruler. Radiographic length appeared shorter on average than the actual length. Canal curvatures larger than 25 degrees had differences greater than 0.5mm. This represents a statistically significant difference between the actual and radiographic lengths as the degree of curvature increases. There was no significant difference between the J- and C- types.
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Lin, Jack Cheng-Wei, and n/a. "Electric pulp testing of molar teeth." University of Otago. School of Dentistry, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20071221.140417.
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Testing the vitality of teeth using electric pulp testers was reviewed. Two studies then investigated aspects of the application of electric pulp testing (EPT) to healthy first molar teeth.
Twenty volunteers with first molars free of restorations and caries were recruited. One molar from each arch was selected and rubber dam applied. The tester probe was coated with fluoride gel. Seven sites on each crown were EPT tested four times, and all threshold responses recorded. Data were analysed using one way ANOVA at the 0.01 level. The lowest response for both the maxillary and mandibular teeth was with the probe on the mesio-buccal cusp tip. Males responded at a lower level than females at the mesio-buccal cusp tip, but this did not reach statistical significance.
The relationship between pulp areas and dimensions on radiographs and the EPT results was investigated. Standardised bitewing radiographs of the tested molars were mounted and digitally scanned. Five measurements were taken using a computer program; crown width, the mesial and distal pulp horn heights, the area of the clinical crown, and the pulp area in the clinical crown. The four electrode placement sites with the lowest threshold from the pulp testing results were selected. Pearson correlations (2-tailed) were used to relate the measurements. There were no correlations between the coronal pulp size, pulp horn height and the probe placement site. The exception was an anomalous correlation between the distal horn height and mesio-buccal cuspal area of the maxillary molars.
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Silva, Cristiane Maria da Costa 1977. "Study of demarcated enamel opacities in deciduous and permanent molars = Estudo de opacidades demarcadas de esmalte em molares decíduos e permanentes." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290873.
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Orientador: Fábio Luiz MialheTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Doutorado
Saude Coletiva
Doutora em Odontologia
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Maia, Raimundo Nonato. "ConcentraÃÃes plasmÃticas de mepivacaÃna em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de terceiros molares." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2723.
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A remoÃÃo cirÃrgica dos terceiros molares em regime ambulatorial fazendo uso de anestÃsicos
locais tem grande emprego no dia-a-dia da prÃtica odontolÃgica. Estas sÃo drogas seguras
quando usadas da forma recomendada; porÃm, quando empregadas em quantidade ou
concentraÃÃes elevadas, poderÃo resultar em respostas indesejadas. Baseado no conhecimento
de tais princÃpios e na prÃtica da clÃnica cirÃrgica, onde nÃveis de concentraÃÃo de anestÃsico
local na corrente sanguÃnea poderÃo chegar a valores muito prÃximos do nÃvel de toxicidade,
foi realizado estudo com mensuraÃÃo da concentraÃÃo sistÃmica de anestÃsico local, atravÃs
de coleta e anÃlise, em equipamento de High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC),
de amostra de sangue de pacientes que foram submetidos a anestesia local com mepivacaÃna
2% e adrenalina 1:100000 para a remoÃÃo dos terceiros molares. O estudo teve sua relevÃncia
justificada visto que, para as cirurgias ambulatÃrias de terceiros molares inclusos, a
mepivacaÃna à utilizada com muita frequÃncia, sendo assim importante investigar o
comportamento dos nÃveis plasmÃticos e suas possÃveis manifestaÃÃes tÃxicas. A amostra
constou de vinte e seis pacientes, de ambos os sexos, subdivididos em dois grupos conforme a
cirurgia de dois ou quatro terceiros molares removidos em sessÃo Ãnica, respectivamente,
sendo o monitoramento feito com uso de oxÃmetro de pulso, medidas regulares da pressÃo
arterial, frequÃncia cardÃaca e eletrocardiograma em cardioscÃpio, de acordo com as
recomendaÃÃes mÃnimas da AssociaÃÃo Americana de CirurgiÃes Orais e Maxilofaciais
(DâERAMO et al., 2003). No intervalo de 120 minutos, foram colhidas 10 amostras de 4ml,
apÃs injeÃÃo do anestÃsico local, e a anÃlise quantitativa das concentraÃÃes plasmÃticas de
mepivacaÃna foi realizada em HPLC. Os nÃveis plasmÃticos de mepivacaÃna em ambos os
grupos foram crescentes e significativos entre si em todos os respectivos intervalos de coletas
das amostras sanguÃneas. Os resultados foram obtidos e comparados os valores nos
respectivos momentos correspondentes entre os dois grupos, mostrando que as mÃdias da PA
sistÃlica e diastÃlica de todos os intervalos nÃo foram significantes quando comparados com
os valores obtidos na consulta prÃ-operatÃria. De acordo com os resultados deste estudo, foi
possÃvel concluir que a cirurgia de terceiros molares sob anestesia local, com mepivacaÃna 2%
e adrenalina 1:100000, quando respeitadas as margens de seguranÃas recomendadas pelo
fabricante, Ã um procedimento seguro e que nÃo existe diferenÃa clÃnica sistÃmica para o
paciente hÃgido quando no uso de doses de 108mg (5,4ml) e 216mg (10,8ml).Surgical removal of the third molars in clinical regime making use of local anesthetics plays a great role in the everyday practice of odontology. These drugs are safe when used in the proper way, but they can lead to undesirable outcomes when used in the wrong quantities or concentrations. Based on the knowledge of such principle and on surgical clinical practice, where levels of anesthetic concentration in the blood can reach near-toxic levels, a study measuring the systemic concentration of local anesthetic was made by collecting and analyzing, in equipment of High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), blood samples of patients who were submitted to local anesthesia with mepivacaine 2% and adrenaline 1:100000 for the removal of the third molars. The study was relevant because mepivacaine is frequently used in ambulatory surgeries of third molars, making it important to investigate the behavior of plasmatic levels and their possible toxic manifestations. The sample consisted of twenty-six patients of both sexes, subdivided in two groups according to the number of third molars removed: one group had two removed in a single session, the other group had four. Monitoring was done using pulse oxymetre, regular measuring of blood pressure, heart rate, and electrocardiogram in radioscopic, according to the minimum recommendations of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (DÂERAMO et al, 2003). In the interval of 120 minutes there were collected 10 samples of 4 mL after the injection of local anesthetic, and the quantitative analysis of the plasmatic concentrations of mepivacaine was done in HPLC. The plasmatic levels of mepivacaÃna in both groups were growing and significant amongst themselves in all the respective intervals of collections of the sanguine samples. After the results were obtained, the values at each corresponding moment for both groups were compared, showing that the averages of the systolic and diastolic pressure of all of the intervals were not significant when compared with the values obtained in the preoperative consultation. According to the results this study it was possible to conclude that the surgery of third molars under local anesthesia, with mepivacaine 2% and adrenaline 1:100000, when respecting the safety margins recommended by the manufacturer, is a safe procedure and that there are no clinical systemic differences to the healthy patient when doses between 108mg (5,4mL) and 216mg (10,8mL) are used.
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Fumes, Ana Caroline. "Avaliação da anatomia de molares decíduos por meio de microtomografia computadorizada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58135/tde-22072013-100259/.
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O conhecimento prévio da anatomia interna e externa dos dentes decíduos é de fundamental importância para o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a morfologia das raízes e dos canais radiculares de molares decíduos superiores e inferiores, por meio de microtomografia computadorizada (micro-CT). Foram usados 40 molares decíduos, divididos em quatro grupos, sendo 10 primeiros molares inferiores, 10 segundos molares inferiores, 10 primeiros molares superiores e 10 segundos molares superiores. Os dentes foram escaneados e avaliados quantitativamente por meio de parâmetros bidimensionais no terço apical (número, área, circularidade, maior e menor diâmetro) a 1, 2 e 3 mm do bisel de rizólise e tridimensionais (volume, área de superfície e SMI), assim como a medida da espessura na face interna e externa da dentina e qualitativamente por meio da observação dos modelos tridimensionais. Os resultados mostraram que o número máximo de canais radiculares encontrados por raiz foi 2. Os canais apresentaram valores de SMI entre 1,98 ± 0,45 e 2,74 ± 0.38, sugerindo forma geométrica tridimensional com tendência a um cone. Para a espessura da dentina, observou-se que a espessura da dentina na face interna das raízes foi, em geral, menor que a espessura na face externa. Os valores de espessura interna variaram entre 0,25 e 0,90 mm na raiz mesial e 0,20 e 0,92 mm na raiz distal para os molares inferiores e, 0,14 e 1,00 mm na raiz mesiovestibular, 0,24 e 1,14 mm na raiz distovestibular e 0,26 e 1,54 mm na raiz palatina para os molares superiores. Em relação à espessura externa, a variação foi de 0,35 a 1,45 mm na raiz mesial e 0,32 a 1,52 mm na raiz distal para os molares inferiores e, 0,22 a 1,33 mm na raiz mesiovestibular, 0,28 a 1,40 mm na raiz distovestibular e 0,44 a 2,24 mm na raiz palatina nos molares superiores. Foi observado também, que a extensão da raiz foi sempre maior que a extensão do canal. Dessa forma, conclui-se que as variações anatômicas observadas e os parâmetros obtidos a partir da micro-CT, método não destrutivo, reprodutível e confiável para o estudo de anatomia interna e externa, são importantes para determinar protocolos clínicos nos casos de dentes decíduos.The previous knowledge of the internal and external anatomy of primary teeth is of fundamental importance for the success of the endodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the morphology of the roots and root canals of the upper and lower primary molars, using the microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Forty primary molars, divided in four groups, ten first lower molars, ten second lower molars, ten first upper molars and ten second upper molars. The teeth were scanned and assessed quantitatively by the observation of two-dimensional parameters in the apical third (number, area, roundness, major and minor diameter) at 1, 2 and 3 millimeters of the resorption bevel and three-dimensional parameters (volume, surface area and SMI), as well as the measurement of internal and external dentin thickness and qualitatively by means of observation of the three-dimensional models. The results showed that the maximum number of root canals found for each root was 2. The canals have SMI values between 1.98 ± 0.45 and 2.74 ± 0.38, suggesting a three-dimensional geometrical shape with a tendency to conical. For the dentin thickness of the internal wall of the roots, in general the values were lower than the ones for the external wall. The values of the internal thickness ranged between 0.25 and 0.90 mm in the mesial root and 0.20 and 0.92 mm in the distal root for the lower molars and 0.14 and 1.00 mm on the mesio-vestibular root, 0.24 and 1.14 mm on the disto-vestibular and 0.26 and 1.54 mm on the palatal for the upper molars. Regarding the external thickness, it ranged between 0.35 and 1.45 mm on the mesial root and 0.32 and 1.52 mm on the distal for the lower molars, and 0.22 and 1.33 mm on the mesio-vestibular, 0.28 and 1.40 mm on the disto-vestibular and 0.44 and 2.24 mm on the palatal root of the upper molars. It was observed that the dentin thickness of the external wall was always higher than the extension of the canal. That way, it can be concluded that the observed anatomical variations and the obtained parameters from the micro-CT, a non-destructive method, reproducible and reliable for the study of internal and external anatomy, are important to define clinical protocols for the primary teeth.
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Mendes, André Filipe Coelho. "Os motivos da não erupção dos terceiros molares." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4451.
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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina DentáriaOs terceiros molares são os dentes que mais frequentemente ficam impactados – inclusos – por falta de força eruptiva, não conseguindo romper a camada fibrosa para surgirem na cavidade oral. Numa situação intermédia, encontram-se os dentes semi-impactados ou semi-inclusos que não erupcionaram nem estão encravados no osso. Os fatores mais comuns para a inclusão dentária são a falta de espaço na arcada dentária, perda prematura de dentes decíduos, densidade óssea, obstáculos gengivais, patologia quística e tumoral, patologia infeciosa, agenesias e posição irregular do dente ou pressão de um dente adjacente. A realização de um correto diagnóstico é essencial para determinar as causas que levam à não erupção dos terceiros molares. Uma vez estabelecido, define-se qual o procedimento a seguir, isto é, remover cirurgicamente o terceiro molar ou mantê-lo na cavidade oral. O objetivo do presente trabalho é estudar os motivos pelo qual os terceiros molares não erupcionam e determinar e avaliar as causas que provocam este problema. Os resultados apresentados neste trabalho ajudam a compreender a extrema relevância da realização de uma anamnese rigorosa e de um exame clínico e radiográfico que permitam eleger a terapêutica adequada para cada caso clínico específico. A decisão terapêutica deve basear-se na evidência científica contemporânea aliada à experiência clínica do profissional e nas perspetivas do paciente. The third molars are the most frequently impacted teeth - included - because of the lack of eruptive force, failing to break the fibrous layer to arise in the oral cavity. In an intermediate position, they are impacted teeth semi-iclusive or semi-erupted that not erupted and not embedded in the bone. The most common factors for inclusion are the lack of space in the dental arch, premature loss of deciduous teeth, bone density, obstacle gingival, cyst and tumor pathology, infectious disease, agenesis and irregular tooth position or pressure from an adjacent tooth. To determine the causes that lead to non-eruption of the third molars, it is necessary to make a correct diagnosis. Once established, sets up the following procedure, surgically remove the third molar or keep it in the oral cavity. The aim of this study is to assess the reasons why the third molars usually do not erupt, determining and evaluating the causes that lead to this problem. The results presented in this study help to understand that it is extremely important to conduct thorough a medical history, a clinical examination and radiographic examination allowing us to elect the appropriate therapy for each specific clinical case. The therapeutic decision must be based on contemporary scientific evidence, combined with the clinical experience of the professional and the patient's perspective and values.
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Flamini, Luís Eduardo Souza. "Análise bi e tridimensional das alterações morfológicas em raízes mesiais de molares inferiores com curvaturas severas preparados por diferentes sistemas mecanizados. Estudo por microtomografia computadorizada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58133/tde-21052018-152619/.
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O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar, por meio de microtomografia computadorizada, os parâmetros morfológicos das raízes mesiais de molares inferiores, preparados por três sistemas mecanizados: reciprocante (Reciproc - RC), rotatório contínuo (OneShape - OS) e reciprocante/rotatório (Twisted-File Adaptive - TFA), precedidos ou não de pré-alargamento (ProGlider - PG). Foram utilizados trinta molares inferiores, com raiz mesial apresentando ângulo (≥25º) e raio de curvatura (≤2mm) severos e dois canais distintos. Por meio da técnica de amostragem estratificada, os canais foram distribuídos em seis grupos (n=10) conforme protocolo de instrumentação: G1-TFA; G2-RC; G3-OS; G4-PG + TFA; G5 - PG + RC; G6- PG + OS. Após o preparo, foram avaliados os parâmetros bidimensionais (área, perímetro, circularidade, diâmetro maior e menor) nos 5mm apicais e tridimensionais (volume, área de superfície e SMI), bem como o transporte do canal radicular. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do teste ANOVA seguido do complementar de Tukey (α=0,05). O RC apresentou valores, significantemente, maiores de área, perímetro e diâmetro menor em relação ao TFA (p<0,001), não havendo diferença significante entre os sistemas em relação à circularidade (p=0,056) e diâmetro maior (p=0,477). O aumento do volume do canal proporcionado pelos sistemas RC e OS foram semelhantes entre si (p=0,979) e diferente estatisticamente ao TFA (p<0,001). O aumento da área de superfície promovida pelo RC foi similar ao OS (p=0,254) e diferente estatisticamente ao TFA (p=0,001), não havendo diferença entre os dois últimos sistemas (p=0,075). Os valores de SMI do grupo PG + OS foram significativamente maiores que dos demais grupos (p<0,001). Não houve diferença entre os sistemas em relação ao transporte nos terços apical e médio. Concluiu-se que todos os sistemas avaliados apresentaram alterações morfológicas bi e tridimensionais após o preparo biomecânico. O emprego do sistema ProGlider previamente aos sistemas de instrumentação não influenciou as alterações dos parâmetros avaliados.The present study aimed to analyze, by computerized microtomography, the morphological parameters of mesial roots of mandibular molars prepared by three mechanized systems: reciprocating (Reciproc - RC), continuous rotating (OneShape - OS) and Twisted - File Adaptive (TFA), preceded or not by pre - enlargement (ProGlider-PG). Thirty teeth were used, with mesial root presenting severe angle (≥25º) and a radius of curvature (≤2mm) and two distinct canals. By means of the stratified sampling technique, the canals were distributed in six groups (n = 10) according to the instrumentation protocol: G1-TFA; G2-RC; G3-OS; G4-PG + TFA; G5 - PG + RC; G6- PG + OS. After preparation, the two-dimensional parameters (area, perimeter, roundness, major and minor diameter) were evaluated in the apical 5mm as well as three-dimensional parameters (volume, surface area and SMI) and root canal transportation. The data were statistically analyzed using the ANOVA test followed by Tukey\'s complement (α = 0.05). The RC presented significantly larger values of area, perimeter, and minor diameter in relation to the TFA (p<0,001), and there was no significant difference between the systems in relation to the roundness (p=0,056) and major diameter (p=0,477). The increased canal volume provided by the RC and the OS systems were similar to each other (p=0,979) and statistically different from the TFA (p<0,001). The increase of the surface area promoted by the RC was similar to the OS (p=0,254) and statistically different to the TFA (p=0,001), with no difference between the other two systems (p=0,075). The SMI values of the PG + OS group were significantly higher than the other groups (p<0,001). There was no difference between the systems in relation to transport in the apical and middle thirds. It was concluded that all evaluated systems presented bi-dimensional and three-dimensional morphological alterations after biomechanical preparation. The use of the ProGlider system prior to the instrumentation systems did not influence the parameters evaluated.
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Nasr, azadani Ehsan Nasr-Azadani. "The Fate of Untreated Primary Second Molars Under General Anesthesia." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1530787748059526.
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Silva, Francisco Alexandre Baptista da. "AVALIAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO DISPONÍVEL PARA ERUPÇÃO DOS SEGUNDOS E TERCEIROS MOLARES SUPERIORES PERMANENTES APÓS A DISTALIZAÇÃO DOS PRIMEIROS MOLARES SUPERIORES PERMANENTES." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2008. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1256.
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Previous issue date: 2008-02-18This study aimed to cephalometrically evaluate the space and positioning of crowns of unerupted permanent maxillary second and third molars at the region of the maxil-lary tuberosity during distalization of maxillary first molars, as well as to verify the cor-relation between these two variables. The sample was composed of 38 right lateral cephalograms, obtained of 19 young Brazilian patients, both Caucasoid and of Afri-can descent, being 6 males and 13 females, with mean age 9 years 5 months 13 days. The methodology initially comprised division of periods, namely initial (T1) and after distalization of the permanent maxillary first molar (T2) in a mean period of 10 months and 23 days. The space and angulation of existing crowns was analyzed with the aid of an intracranial reference line (line M), which was delineated from two points, the point SE located on the sphenoethmoidal suture, and the point Pt located at the anterior region of the pterygopalatine suture. This reference line was trans-ferred to the point F (line M ), located at the most posterior and inferior region of the maxillary tuberosity. The evaluated space was located from the line M to the distal aspect of the permanent maxillary first molar. Statistical analysis was performed by the Student s t test; correlation between the space and angulation was calculated by the Pearson correlation coefficient. It was concluded that the corresponding space between the distal aspect of permanent maxillary first molars and the end of the max-illary tuberosity, at the initial stage and after distalization, is not enough for the erup-tion of permanent maxillary second and third molars. The angulation of crowns in the initial period and after distalization revealed distal angulation of the crowns. With re-gard to the correlation of angulations of crowns of the permanent maxillary second and third molars and the space for eruption, it was observed that the greater the dis-tal angulation of crowns, the smaller will be the space available for eruption.(AU)
A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar cefalometricamente, o espaço e po-sicionamento das coroas dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes não erupcionados na região da tuberosidade maxilar durante a distalização dos pri-meiros molares superiores, além de verificar a correlação entre estas duas variáveis. A amostra foi constituída de 38 telerradiografias em norma lateral direita, obtidas de 19 pacientes, jovens brasileiros, leucodermas e melanodermas, sendo 6 do sexo masculino e 13 do sexo feminino, com idade média de 9 anos 5 meses 13 dias. A metodologia constou inicialmente da divisão dos tempos (T1) inicial, e após a distali-zação do primeiro molar superior permanente em (T2) por um período médio de 10 meses e 23 dias. Para avaliação do espaço e angulação das coroas existente utili-zou-se uma Linha referencial intracraniana (Linha M) sendo esta demarcada, a partir de dois pontos, o ponto SE localizado na sutura esfenoetmoidal, e o ponto Pt locali-zado na parte anterior da fossa pterigopalatina. Esta linha referencial foi transferida até o ponto F, (Linha M ) ponto este localizado na região mais posterio-inferior da tuberosidade maxilar. O espaço avaliado compreendeu entre a Linha M , até a face distal do primeiro molar superior permanente. Na análise estatística usou-se o teste t (Teste t Student) , e na correlação entre espaço e angulação foi utilizado o coefi-ciente de correlação de Pearson. Concluímos que o espaço correspondente entre a distal dos primeiros molares superiores permanentes e extremidade da tuberosidade maxilar, na fase inicial e após a movimentação distal, não é suficiente para a erup-ção dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes. A angulação das coroas na fase inicial e após a movimentação distal posicionam-se com angulações mais para distal. Quanto à correlação das angulações das coroas dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes e o espaço para erupção verificamos que quanto maior a angulação das coroas para distal, menor os espaços oferecidos para a erupção.(AU)
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Traina, Andreia Aparecida. ""Estudo radiográfico das características dos terceiros molares e suas correlações com a impactação óssea"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23143/tde-27012005-104923/.
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Diante da importância da avaliação radiográfica, foram estudadas as classificações de várias características dos terceiros molares, por meio de panorâmicas, sendo investigado suas possíveis correlações com o estado de impactação óssea. Informações referentes aos dentes foram coletadas em relação ao estado de impactação ou inclusão óssea (de acordo com a formação radicular), espaço disponível, posição do longo eixo, profundidade óssea, relações com o dente adjacente, com o seio maxilar e com o nervo alveolar inferior. Além disso, foram considerados as ausências de dentes no hemiarco, a presença de supranumerários, de outros dentes inclusos/impactados, o gênero e a idade do paciente. Ao total, foram analisadas 802 panorâmicas com 2687 terceiros molares, sendo o estado de impactação pesquisado em 2119 desses, nos quais foi possível identificar correlações do espaço inadequado e de algumas posições com a etiologia das impactações, principalmente nos dentes inferiores. As análises dos resultados revelaram que não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes das características do terceiros molares entre os gêneros e que a freqüência de impactação óssea diminuiu com o avanço da idade. Foi também observada boa concordância entre os dentes do mesmo arco do paciente, o que não ocorreu entre seus dentes do mesmo lado, nos quais os inferiores apresentaram tendência de impactação. As classificações estabelecidas mostraram-se satisfatórias e de relevante importância na avaliação dos terceiros molares, tanto para a determinação do seu tratamento como para o seu planejamento cirúrgico.The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the panoramic radiographic features of third molar and to analyze the relationship between its classification with the state of bone impaction. The considered radiographic features were the status of impaction, the space for the third molar, the angulation of tooth, the level of depth, the development of root, the relation to the second molar, to the maxillary sinus and to the inferior alveolar nerve, and also others radiological characteristics. Moreover, the relationship between the state of impaction with gender, age and absence of teeth were studied, and either observations of supernumerary or any impacted teeth. 802 radiographs were evaluated with 2687 third molars, and the status of impaction was analyzed in 2119 teeth. It was observed a significant convergence between the upper or the lower tooth from the same patient but it was not significant between the sides. This study had demonstrated that the viable space and some teeth angulations had strong relationship with the etiology of impaction, mainly considering the lower teeth. The established classifications were accurate and showed be useful for the study and surgical planning of third molars.
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Jaskulski, Ana Paula. "Resposta de molares e não molares a dois distintos protocolos de manutenção periódica preventiva : análise longitudinal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/152687.
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Objetivos: o objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar a resposta molares e não molares a dois protocolos de atenção periodontal na fase de manutenção periódica preventiva (MPP). Métodos: Sessenta e dois pacientes com periodontite moderada ou avançada (idade média 50.97 ± 9.26 anos, 40 mulheres, 24 fumantes) foram tratados de acordo com um protocolo não-cirúrgico. Finalizada a fase terapêutica, os pacientes iniciaram a fase de MPP e foram randomicamente alocados para receber controle supragengival isolado (SPG) ou combinado ao subgengival (SPG+SBG). Exames periodontais, instruções de higiene bucal e as respectivas intervenções experimentais foram realizados em consultas trimestrais. Resultados: não foram observadas diferenças significativas nas variáveis demográficas, número médio de dentes e distribuição média de dentes não-molares/molares e de sítios livres/proximais entre os dois grupos experimentais. Quando do baseline, os dentes molares apresentaram um maior número de sítios positivos para IPV, ISG, SS e maiores valores médios de PS e PI quando comparados aos não-molares (p<0.001). Ao longo da fase de MPP, foi demonstrado que independente da terapia aplicada, tanto para molares e não molares, a resposta para ambos os grupos dentários não foi diferente. Da mesma forma, a perda dentária entre molares e não molares não diferiu ao longo de 24 meses. Conclusões: Molares apresentam semelhante resposta durante a fase de MPP quando comparados a dentes não molares, independente do protocolo de intervenção clínica aportado.Aim: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the response of molar teeth and non-molar teeth to two periodontal care protocols in the periodic preventive maintenance phase (PMP). METHODS: Sixty-two patients with moderate or advanced periodontitis (mean age 50.97 ± 9.26 years, 40 women, 24 smokers) were treated according to a non-surgical protocol. After the therapeutic phase, the patients started the PMP and were randomly assigned to receive supragingival (SPG) or combined subgengival (SPG + SBG) control. Periodontal examinations, oral hygiene instructions and the respective experimental interventions were performed in quarterly consultations. Results: There were no significant differences in demographic variables, mean number of teeth and mean distribution of non-molar / molar teeth and free / proximal sites between the two experimental groups. At the baseline, molar teeth had a higher number of positive sites for VPI, GBI, BOP and higher mean values of PPD and CAL when compared to non-molars (p <0.001). Throughout the MPP phase, it was demonstrated that regardless of the applied therapy, for both molars and non-molars, the response for both dental groups was not different. Likewise, tooth loss between molars and non-molars did not differ over 24 months. Conclusions: Molars presented a similar response during the PMP when compared to non-molar teeth, independent of the protocol of clinical intervention provided.
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Leung, Yiu-yan, and 梁耀殷. "Prevention and treatment of neurosensory disturbance after lower third molar surgery." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208624.
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Neurosensory deficit is a well-reported complication after lower third molar surgery. It is useful to know the outcomes of the available treatments for neurosensory deficit after third molar surgery. It is more important to prevent nerve injury from third molar surgery. This thesis aims1) to evaluate the outcomes of treatments for neurosensory deficit after lower third molar surgery; 2) to investigate the effect of permanent neurosensory deficit from the patient’s perspective;3) to identify radiographic signs as predictors of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) deficit in third molar surgery; 4)to monitor the long-term root movement and morbidities of the retained roots following coronectomy of the lower third molars.
(1) A systematic search on treatment modalities and their outcomes of neurosensory deficit after lower third molar surgery was performed. 4 surgical treatments and 2 non-surgical treatments were identified. Significant improvement in sensation was found in the majority of the subjects who received surgical or non-surgical treatment. Complete recovery was uncommon in all kinds of available treatments.
(2) Forty-eight subjects (24 cases) were recruited in a prospective case-control study comparing the general and oral health-related quality of life (QoL), life satisfaction and depression symptoms of patients with persistent lingual nerve (LN)or IAN neurosensory deficit (12 months or more) after third molar surgery with those who did not have such deficit. It was found that patients with persistent neurosensory deficit after third molar surgery have significantly poorer general and oral health-related QoL, worse life satisfaction and more depression symptoms than those without such deficits.
(3) Twelve patients with neurosensory deficit after lower third molar surgery (10 LN, 2 IAN) who received microsurgical repair of the affected nervewere recruited in a prospective longitudinal observational study of the treatmentoutcomes. Most patients with pain wererecovered after surgery. Subjective symptoms including numbness, taste sensation and speech were improved after LN repair. Improvement was noted in all three objective neurosensory tests at post-operative 12 months.
(3) Twelve patients with neurosensory deficit after lower third molar surgery (10 LN, 2 IAN) who received microsurgical repair of the affected nervewere recruited in a prospective longitudinal observational study of the treatment outcomes. Most patients with pain were recovered after surgery. Subjective symptoms including numbness, taste sensation and speech were improved after LN repair. Improvement was noted in all three objective neurosensory tests at post-operative 12 months.
(4) 178lower third molars with one or more of the five radiographic signs suggesting of close proximity of their roots to the IAN were analyzed. It was found that radiographic signs of “darkening of root(s)” and “displacement of inferior alveolar canal by the root(s)” were associated with increased risk of intraoperative IAN exposure. In addition, “darkening of the root(s)” or co-existing radiographic signs were associated with an increased risk of post-operative IAN deficit.
(5) A phase 4 clinical trial with 612 lower third molar coronectomies was conducted to monitor the long term safety of the treatment. It was demonstrated that the technique has minimal morbidity in terms of infection, pain, dry socket or development of pathologies. Most retained roots (90.9%) migrated upward with the highest migration rate in the first 6 months, which gradually slowed down and stopped to migrate at 24months. 2.3% of the roots became exposed in the oral cavity and required removal. Re-operation to remove the exposed root did not cause any IAN deficit.published_or_final_version
Dentistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Greatrex, P. A. F. "The extraction of permanent second molars and its effect on the dentofacial complex : a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Dental Surgery /." Title page, Contents and Abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dmg786.pdf.
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Oenning, Anne Caroline Costa 1981. "Diagnosis of external root resorption in second molars associated with impacted third molars by panoramic radiograph and two cone beam computed tomography devices = Diagnóstico da reabsorção radicular externa em segundos molares associada a terceiros molares impactados por meio de radiografias panorâmicas e dois sistemas de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288976.
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Orientador: Francisco Haiter NetoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O presente estudo propôs-se a comparar um método radiográfico bidimensional, a radiografia panorâmica, com uma modalidade de imagem tridimensional, a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC), no diagnóstico da reabsorção radicular externa (RRE) nos segundos molares relacionada à impactação dos terceiros molares. Buscou-se também relacionar a inclinação do terceiro molar, de acordo com a classificação proposta por Winter, com a presença da RRE no segundo molar. Primeiramente, a amostra foi composta por 188 terceiros molares impactados (66 indivíduos) observados na radiografia panorâmica (Orthopantomograph OP100 D) e nas imagens de TCFC obtidas no equipamento i-CAT Classic. Dois cirurgiões-dentistas, especialistas em Radiologia Odontológica, registraram a presença da RRE no segundo molar e a inclinação do terceiro molar impactado. Os dados foram tabulados e submetidos à análise estatística por meio dos testes de qui-quadrado, teste exato de Fisher, teste Z para duas proporções e regressão logística simples (nível de significância de 5%). Um número significativamente maior de casos de RRE foi diagnosticado na TCFC (n=43) quando comparada à radiografia panorâmica (n=10) (P=0,0001). Além disso, a concordância entre os métodos para o diagnóstico da RRE foi de apenas 4,3% (n=8). Terceiros molares inferiores e nas posições mesioangular e horizontal foram mais relacionados à presença da RRE nos segundos molares. Por esse motivo, 174 terceiros molares inferiores nessas duas inclinações foram avaliados em uma segunda amostra formada por 116 imagens de TCFC obtidas em dois diferentes equipamentos: i-CAT Classic e Picasso Trio. Além da presença da RRE, informações acerca da idade, sexo dos indivíduos e profundidade de terceiros molares (análise subjetiva e classificação de Pell & Gregory) foram registradas pelos dois avaliadores. Os dados numéricos foram submetidos aos testes ANOVA e Mann-Whitney, e os dados categóricos, aos testes do qui-quadrado para análises de contingência e qui-quadrado de aderência. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes na detecção da RRE nos dois equipamentos e entre as inclinações mesioangular e horizontal (p>0,05). A prevalência da condição na amostra total de dentes foi de 49,43%. Os terceiros molares pertencentes a pacientes de maior idade e posicionados mais superiormente (classes A e B de Pell & Gregory) estiveram mais associados à presença da RRE nos dentes adjacentes. Concluiu-se que a TCFC deve ser indicada quando for observado um contato direto entre o segundo e o terceiro molar inferiores na radiografia panorâmica, principalmente nos casos de impactações mesioangulares e horizontais, em classes A e B de Pell & Gregory e de pacientes com idade superior a 24 anos.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare a two-dimensional method - panoramic radiography - and a three-dimensional modality - cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) - on the assessment of external root resorption (ERR) of second molars associated with impacted third molars. In addition, we aimed to relate the third molar inclination (Winter's classification) with the detection of ERR on the second molar. First, the sample was consisted of 188 impacted third molars (66 individuals). Panoramic radiography (Orthopantomograph OP100 D) and CBCT imaging (i-CAT Classic) were obtained of all patients. Two oral radiologists investigated the presence of ERR on the adjacent second molar and the inclination of the third molar. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test, Fisher exact test, two-proportion Z test and simple logistic regression (significance level was set at 5%). A significantly higher number of ERR was diagnosed on CBCT images (n=43) than on panoramic radiographs (n=10) (P=0.0001). The agreement between panoramic radiographs and CBCT for diagnosing ERR was 4.3% (n=8). The mandibular third molars on mesioangular and horizontal inclinations were more related to ERR lesions on the second molars. Therefore, 174 mandibular third molars on these two inclinations were evaluated in a second sample comprising of 116 CBCT images acquired in two units: i-CAT Classic e Picasso Trio. Age and sex of individuals and depth of third molars (subjective analysis and Pell and Gregory classification) were also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Mann-Whitney tests (numerical data) and chi-square test (qualitative data). There were no statistically significant differences in the detection of ERR in images from both devices (p>0.05). Therefore, subsequent analyzes were performed on the total sample. The prevalence of ERR on this sample was 49.43%. There was no difference between mesioangular and horizontal inclination in the detection of ERR. Third molars of older patients (over 24 y-o) and in Pell and Gregory Class A and Class B were more associated with the presence of ERR. The results showed that CBCT should be indicated when a direct contact between the mandibular second and third molars is observed on panoramic radiography, especially in patients aged over 24 presenting with mesioangular or horizontal impactions, and Class A or Class B of Pell & Gregory.
Doutorado
Radiologia Odontologica
Doutora em Radiologia Odontológica
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Ewens, Vicki J. "An odontological study of ovicaprine herding strategies in the North Atlantic islands. The potential of dental enamel defects for identifying secondary product utilisation in an archaeological context." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5106.
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Abstract: Recent debate concerning the suitability of mortality profile analysis for identifying secondary product utilisation within archaeozoological assemblages has prompted the search for alternative methodologies. This research explores the potential of using weaning age to provide insight into herding strategies in ovicaprines, determined through the prevalence of developmental enamel defects. A histological methodology was developed, adapted to the specific nature of sheep molars through an understanding of formation processes and enamel structures. This established a relationship between weaning and developmental defects in modern sheep, revealed as distinct patterns in defect distribution within the enamel. Based on historical/archaeological data a weaning age model was developed for the North Atlantic region by which herding strategies could be recognised, specifically: mixed milk/meat subsistence, with an emphasis on milk (0-2 months) or on meat (2-4 months), and the optimisation of meat and/or wool (4-6 months). This methodology was then tested on archaeological material to interpret husbandry at Iron Age and Norse/Viking period sites. The results of this analysis showed that interpretations were in general agreement with those of mortality profile and correspondence analysis conducted as a methodological comparative. Some disparity, however, highlighted the ability of this new technique to provide more sensitivity in cases of mixed subsistence systems, possibly identifying the economic focus of husbandry, or where mortality profiles are confused. It was concluded that the study of weaning age has potential to provide valuable insight into ovicaprine husbandry in archaeological contexts, adding to the understanding of faunal assemblages, especially when supported with other evidence.Recent debate concerning the suitability of mortality profile analysis for identifying secondary product utilisation within archaeozoological assemblages has prompted the search for alternative methodologies. This research explores the potential of using weaning age to provide insight into herding strategies in ovicaprines, determined through the prevalence of developmental enamel defects. A histological methodology was developed, adapted to the specific nature of sheep molars through an understanding of formation processes and enamel structures. This established a relationship between weaning and developmental defects in modern sheep, revealed as distinct patterns in defect distribution within the enamel. Based on historical/archaeological data a weaning age model was developed for the North Atlantic region by which herding strategies could be recognised, specifically: mixed milk/meat subsistence, with an emphasis on milk (0-2 months) or on meat (2-4 months), and the optimisation of meat and/or wool (4-6 months). This methodology was then tested on archaeological material to interpret husbandry at Iron Age and Norse/Viking period sites. The results of this analysis showed that interpretations were in general agreement with those of mortality profile and correspondence analysis conducted as a methodological comparative. Some disparity, however, highlighted the ability of this new technique to provide more sensitivity in cases of mixed subsistence systems, possibly identifying the economic focus of husbandry, or where mortality profiles are confused. It was concluded that the study of weaning age has potential to provide valuable insight into ovicaprine husbandry in archaeological contexts, adding to the understanding of faunal assemblages, especially when supported with other evidence.
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Pereira, Stela Marcia. "Epidemiologia da carie dentaria em escolares de 12 anos em Piracicaba : estimativas e indicadores de risco." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290334.
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Orientador: Antonio Carlos PereiraDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O presente estudo, composto por 3 artigos teve como objetivos: a) analisar as desigualdades na distribuição da cárie e os indicadores de risco associados a este fato; b) descrever a experiência de cárie em escolares de 12 anos e sua relação com variáveis socioeconômicas, comportamentais e de acesso aos serviços; c) verificar a representatividade de cada dente permanente no índice CPOD. A amostra probabilística foi composta por 824 escolares provenientes de escolas públicas e privadas de Piracicaba em 2001 e 939 escolares em 2005. Os exames foram realizados por dois examinadores previamente calibrados, no pátio das escolas, sob luz natural, com os escolares sentados nas cadeiras e com escovação supervisionada realizada por THD, utilizando-se sonda periodontal (CPI) e espelho bucal plano, seguindo as recomendações da OMS. Os índices CPOD, Índice de Cuidados (Care Index) e o índice SiC (Significant Caries Index ¿grupo polarizado) foram utilizados. Um questionário semi-estruturado foi enviado aos pais para a obtenção das informações socioeconômicas e comportamentais. a) O CPOD foi de 1,7 (dp = 2,07), o índice SiC foi de 4,15 (dp=1,65) e o índice de cuidados 57,0%, em 2001. b) Para o levantamento de 2005 o CPOD e o Índice SiC foram 1,32 (dp=1,96) e 3,52 (1,86), respectivamente, e o Índice de Cuidados foi de 75,0%. Variáveis socioeconômicas e comportamentais foram indicadores de risco para a cárie não apenas para toda a amostra como também para o grupo polarizado. c) A distribuição do índice CPOD (freqüências relativa e absoluta) foi calculada em função de cada dente permanente. A média e o desvio padrão foram calculados considerando todos os dentes (CPOD¿real) e os dentes mais afetados (CPOD¿parcial). Por meio de análise de regressão, os dados do levantamento de 2005 foram utilizados para estimar modelos de regressão, em função dos dentes mais afetados. Para a validação dos modelos foi utilizado o levantamento realizado em 2001. Por meio apenas do status dos primeiros molares foi possível estimar em 82% e 81,5% o CPOD-real em 2001 e 2005, respectivamente. Por meio das equações de regressão (utilizando os dentes mais afetados) foi possível estimar o CPOD em 98,2%. As superfícies oclusais foram as mais atacadas (60,4%), seguidas pelas superfícies vestibulares e depois pelas distais. Estes dados refletem que o status dos primeiros molares é determinante para a estimativa do índice CPOD, demonstrando a suscetibilidade destes dentes à cárie na idade de 12 anos
Abstract: The present study was composed by 3 articles which aims were: a) to evaluate the inequalities of caries distribution in schoolchildren and the risk indicators related to them; b) to describe the caries experience of 12-year-old schoolchildren from public and private schools and to verify the relationship between the disease and socioeconomic, behavioral and oral health variables; c) to determine the representativeness of each permanent teeth in the DMFT. The sample was randomized and composed by 1763 individuals from public and private schools in Piracicaba - SP/Brazil, in 2005 (n=939) and in 2001 (n=824). The examinations were carried out by two calibrated dentists in outdoor settings, under natural light, using mirror and ball point probe. The examinations were executed after tooth-brushing and followed the recommendations of WHO. A semi-structured questionnaire was sent to the parents to collect information on socioeconomic level and behavior variables related to dental health. a) In 2001, the DMFT and SiC (Significant Caries Index ¿ polarized group) were 1.7 (SD=2.07) and 4.15 (SD=1.65), and the Care Index was 57.0%. b) The DMFT and the SiC Index were 1.32 (SD=1.92) and 3.50 (SD=1.86), respectively, and the Care Index was 75.0% in 2005. The socioeconomic and the behavioral variables related to dental health were considered risk indicators for caries in permanent dentition not only for the entire sample, but also for the polarization group. c) The DMFT distribution (absolute and relative frequencies) was calculated in function of each permanent tooth. The mean and standard deviation were determined for all teeth (DMFT¿real) as well as for the most affected teeth (DMFT¿partial). Regression models were estimated in function of the most affected teeth using the data collected in 2005 and they were validated using the data collected in 2001. By the status of the first molars, the DMFT ¿ partial could be estimated in 82% and 81.5% in 2001 and 2005, respectively. The regression equations estimated 98.2% of the DMFT-real. The occlusal surfaces were the most attacked (60.4%) followed by the buccal and distal surfaces. In conclusion, the status of first molars was determinant to the estimation of DMFT index, demonstrating their susceptibility to caries in 12 year-old individuals
Mestrado
Cariologia
Mestre em Odontologia
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D´Ottaviano, Laura Helena Aparecida Aguirre. "Alterações hemodinamicas e respiratorias em pacientes submetidos a extração de terceiros molares retidos sob anestesia local." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308164.
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Orientadores: Angelica de Assunção Braga, Mario MantovaniDiseertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: A cirurgia para extração de terceiros molares retidos, constitui a cirurgia de média complexidade mais frequentemente realizada em consultórios de cirurgiões-dentistas. Trata-se de estudo prospectivo, descritivo, com componente analítico, com o objetivo de avaliar a ansiedade dos pacientes no período que antecede o procedimento, as alterações hemodinâmicas, respiratórias e dor no intraoperatório em pacientes submetidos à extração de terceiros molares retidos sob anestesia local. Foram incluídos no estudo 42 sujeitos do sexo masculino, hígidos, com idade compreendida entre 18 e 34 anos. A anestesia foi feita com cloridrato de lidocaína a 2% com adrenalina 1:50.000 (Xylestesin®), na dose que variou de 72 a 144 mg, correspondente ao conteúdo de 2 a 4 tubetes (1,8 ml/tubete). Foram avaliados com auxílio de monitor multiparamétrico não-invasivo os seguintes parâmetros: pressão arterial sistólica, diastólica e média, frequência cardíaca, saturação periférica de O2 e frequência respiratória; o grau de ansiedade (escala de ansiedade para cirurgia odontológica - Escala de Corah) e dor (escala analógica- verbal). A análise estatística foi realizada por meio dos testes t de Student pareado e Wilcoxon pareado. O nível de significância foi fixado em 5% (p < 0,05). O tempo médio máximo de cirurgia foi 60 minutos, período considerado para análise dos resultados. Neste estudo, 20 pacientes apresentavam algum grau de ansiedade. Dor intensa foi referida por 7 pacientes nos momentos da osteotomia, odontossecção e luxação que necessitaram de complementação com anestésico local. A análise dos parâmetros hemodinâmicos e respiratórios mostrou em quase todos os momentos de avaliação, alterações significantes da pressão arterial média, diastólica e da frequência respiratória. Na maioria dos casos, 32 pacientes (76,2%) a saturação de O2 manteve-se normal (>95%), em todos os momentos. A análise dos dados mostra que pelo menos em algum momento do procedimento houve alteração clinicamente significante nos valores médios da pressão arterial sistólica e da frequência respiratória (alteração acima de 20% em relação ao valor inicial). Os resultados deste estudo permitem concluir que alterações hemodinâmicas e respiratórias podem ocorrer durante extrações de terceiros molares retidos, especialmente em pacientes ansiosos e com dor. A monitorização é importante na detecção e consequentemente prevenção dessas intercorrências, sendo particularmente útil em pacientes em que essas repercussões devam ser evitadas
Abstract: Surgical extraction of retained third molars is a surgery of medium complexity that is frequently performed in the office a dental surgeon. A prospective descriptive study with an analytical component was conducted, aimed at evaluating anxiety during the period preceding the procedure, as well as hemodynamic and respiratory alterations and pain during the intraoperative period in patients undergoing the extraction of retained third molars under local anesthesia. Forty-two healthy male subjects, ranging in age from 18 to 34 years were included in the study. Anesthesia was performed with lidocaine hydrochloride 2% with epinephrine 1:50,000 (Xylestesin®), at a dose ranging from 72 to 144mg, corresponding to 2 to 4 cartridges (1.8ml/ cartridge). A non-invasive multiparametric monitor was used to monitor the following parameters: systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, peripheral O2 saturation, respiratory rate; level of anxiety (anxiety scale for dental surgery - Corah's Scale) and pain (verbal analog scale). Statistical analysis was performed with a paired Student's t test and a paired Wilcoxon's test. The significance level was set at 5% (p < 0.05). The mean maximum duration of surgery was 60 minutes, which was the period considered for result analysis. In this study, twenty patients had some level of anxiety. Severe pain was reported in seven patients who required supplementation with local anesthesia during osteotomy, tooth sectioning and luxation. The analysis of hemodynamic and respiratory parameters showed in almost all the moments, significative alterations of systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure. In the greater number of cases, 32 patients (76,2%), O2 saturation was normal (> 95%) all the time. The data analysis shows that at least at some point the procedure was clinically significant change in average systolic blood pressure and respiratory rate (change over 20% on the original).The results of this study enabled us to conclude that hemodynamic and respiratory alterations may occur during the extraction of retained third molars, especially in anxious patients with pain. Monitoring is important for the detection and thus prevention of these complications. Furthermore, it is particularly useful in patients in whom these repercussions must be avoided
Universidade Estadual de Campi
Cirurgia
Mestre em Cirurgia
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Perez, Carolina Altagracia Filpo. "Análise quantitativa da anatomia dos canais radiculares distais dos molares inferiores mediante a microtomografia computadorizada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25147/tde-08112013-110759/.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, por meio de imagens obtidas a partir da microtomografia computadorizada (micro-ct), a morfologia interna de canais radiculares distais de molares inferiores. Cem imagens de raízes distais de primeiros e segundos molares inferiores foram obtidas com os microtomógrafos (Skyscan 1176 e 1174, Bélgica) utilizando uma resolução de 18.1μm. Após, a reconstrução das imagens foram feitos os modelos 3D com ajuda da ferramenta CTan e CTvol para a visualização e padronização segundo a classificação de Vertucci. Os seguintes parâmetros foram estudados: classificação morfológica, prevalência do canal principal e ramificações, classificação e prevalência de istmos, forma dos canais, diâmetro apical por meio das distâncias mesiodistais e vestibulolinguais e avaliação do volume apical. Para a avaliação do número, forma dos canais e a presença de istmos foi feito um registro de 9 cortes de cada imagem desde 1,0 até 5,0 mm apicais, considerando 0,5 mm aquém do comprimento real do canal. Para fazer a mensuração do diâmetro mesiodistal e vestibulolingual foi alinhada cada imagem por meio do programa DataViewer e depois foram feitas as anotações das medidas dos canais nos 5,0 mm apicais. O volume apical foi calculado de acordo com a ferramenta 3D Analysis do software CTan. Os resultados foram submetidos ao análise descritiva com o cálculo da porcentagem de ocorrência. Os resultados mostraram que a morfologia do canal mais prevalente foi a tipo I de Vertucci (76%), seguida do tipo V de Vertucci (11%). A forma do canal mais comum foi a circular de 1,0 a 3,5 mm, seguido pela oval de 4,0 a 5,0 mm. A presença de um canal único foi a mais prevalente nos níveis de 1,0 a 5,0 mm. O istmo mais observado foi o do tipo I de Hsu & Kim (86%) no nivel de 1,0 mm, seguido do tipo 5 (39%) a 5,0 mm. Na mensuração das distâncias, a vestibulolingual foi maior que a mesiodistal e o volume aumentou de apical para cervical. Conclui-se que nos canais distais a classificação de Vertucci mais comum foi a tipo I, seguida do tipo V; a presença de um canal único foi o mais prevalente tanto nos níveis de 1,0 como 5,0 mm; quanto a forma do canal, a circular foi a mais predominante desde 1,0 a 3,5 mm (65%), seguida pela forma oval em 4,0 a 5,0 mm (40%); a forma achatada foi a menos prevalente em todos os níveis. A presença de istmos mais observada foi a do tipo I, nos níveis de 1,0 a 5,0 mm. As medidas das distâncias vestibulo-linguais foram maiores em todos os níveis da raiz comparadas com as medidas mesio-distais, e o volume aumentou de apical para cervical.The objective of this study to evaluate by means of images obtained from computed microtomography (micro-ct), the morphology of the distal root canals of mandibular molars. One hundred images of distal roots of first and second lower molars were obtained with the microtomography (Skyscan 1176 and 1174, Belgium) using a resolution of 18.1 μm. After the reconstruction of the images were analyzed with CTan and CTvol to viewing and standardization according to the classification of Vertucci. The following parameters were evaluated: morphological classification, prevalence the principal canals and ramifications, classification and prevalence isthmus, shape of the canals, through apical diameter mesio-distal and bucco-lingual interval and apical volume. For evaluation of the number, shape of the canals and the presence of isthmus were searched 9 sections of each image from apical 1.0 to 5.0 mm, 0.5 mm before the canals length. To measure mesio-distal and bucco-lingual diameter each image ranged up through DataViewer and then made notations of measurements of the canals in the apical 5.0 mm. The apical volume was calculated in according to the 3D Analysis. The results were subjected to descriptive analysis with the calculation of the percentage of occurrence. The results showed that the morphology the most prevalent was canal type I the Vertucci (76%), followed by type V the Vertucci (11%). The most common canal shape was circular 1.0 to 3.5 mm, followed by the oval in 4.0 mm to 5.0 mm. The presence of a single canal was the most prevalent in levels of 1.0 to 5.0 mm. The isthmus was the most frequently observed type I of the Hsu & Kim (86%) in the level of 1.0 mm, followed by type V (39%) to 5.0 mm. In the measurements of distances, the bucco-lingual was greater than the mesio- distal and volume increased from apical to cervical. The most common Vertuccis classification of the distal canal was the type I, followed by type V; the presence of a single canal was the most prevalent in the levels of 1.0 to 5.0 mm; in the shape of canal, the circular shape was the most common from 1.0 to 3.5 mm (65%), followed by oval shape at 4.0 to 5.0 mm (40%), the flattened shape was less frequent in all levels. The presence of isthmuses most observed was the type I, at levels of 1.0 to 5.0 mm. The measures of bucco-lingual interval were greater at all levels of the root compared to mesio-distal measures, and the volume increased from apical to cervical.
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Ewens, Vicky Jane. "An odontological study of ovicaprine herding strategies in the North Atlantic islands : the potential of dental enamel defects for identifying secondary product utilisation in an archaeological context." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5106.
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Recent debate concerning the suitability of mortality profile analysis for identifying secondary product utilisation within archaeozoological assemblages has prompted the search for alternative methodologies. This research explores the potential of using weaning age to provide insight into herding strategies in ovicaprines, determined through the prevalence of developmental enamel defects. A histological methodology was developed, adapted to the specific nature of sheep molars through an understanding of formation processes and enamel structures. This established a relationship between weaning and developmental defects in modern sheep, revealed as distinct patterns in defect distribution within the enamel. Based on historical/archaeological data a weaning age model was developed for the North Atlantic region by which herding strategies could be recognised, specifically: mixed milk/meat subsistence, with an emphasis on milk (0-2 months) or on meat (2-4 months), and the optimisation of meat and/or wool (4-6 months). This methodology was then tested on archaeological material to interpret husbandry at Iron Age and Norse/Viking period sites. The results of this analysis showed that interpretations were in general agreement with those of mortality profile and correspondence analysis conducted as a methodological comparative. Some disparity, however, highlighted the ability of this new technique to provide more sensitivity in cases of mixed subsistence systems, possibly identifying the economic focus of husbandry, or where mortality profiles are confused. It was concluded that the study of weaning age has potential to provide valuable insight into ovicaprine husbandry in archaeological contexts, adding to the understanding of faunal assemblages, especially when supported with other evidence.
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Leung, Wai-keung Edwin, and 梁惠強. "A microbiological study of pericoronitis of impacted lower third molars in Hong Kong Chinese." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30269027.
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Nordlund, Anita Lange. "The development and morphology of fluoride-induced enamel lesions in rat molars." Stockholm : Kongl Carolinska Medico Chirurgiska Institutet, 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/12824735.html.
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Pekkala, E. (Esa). "Sucrose load, calcium-deficiency and dental caries on molars of growing rats." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2003. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514270355.
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Abstract
The effects of dietary sucrose feeding, intragastric sucrose feeding
and dietary calcium-deficiency on primary dentinogenesis of the
pulp-dentin organ and caries progression were examined in an experimental
rat model. The possible role of calcium balance and reduced mineralization
of dentin organic matrix as a cause of reduced dentin formation in young,
fast growing, rats were also studied. During 3-6 weeks of feeding,
immediately after weaning at 3 weeks the urinary calcium, phosphorus,
potassium and sodium levels and excretion rates were determined. The areas
of dentin formed, the width of the predentin layer, serum mineral and
insulin levels, and the areas of dentinal caries lesions were quantified
at the end of the experiment. Also the occurrence and progression level of
caries lesions were measured. In rat pups, dietary sucrose reduced dentin
formation both during the lactation and experimental periods, increased
urinary Ca2+ excretions, reduced urinary P, K
and Na excretions, and enhanced dental caries occurrence and progression,
but it did not affect the width of the predentin layer or the serum
mineral and insulin levels. Intragastric sucrose reduced dentin formation
and increased Ca2+ excretion, but did not
affect the width of the predentin layer, serum mineral and insulin levels
in the blood or induce dental caries. Dietary calcium-deficiency reduced
dentin formation, increased the width of the predentin layer, caused
hypocalcemia, and reduced urinary Ca2+
excretion. These results show that sucrose and calcium-deficiency reduce
the rate of primary dentinogenesis through different mechanisms. Calcium
imbalance or reduced mineralization of the dentin organic matrix does not
explain the reduced dentinogenesis in sucrose fed rats. In conclusion, the
present findings indicate that a sucrose load reduces dentinogenesis by
impairing the synthesis rate of the dentin organic matrix, but also points
out the importance of the local sucrose challenge in initiating dental
caries.
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Sirimaharaj, Varisara. "Effects of pulpitis on the properties of intradental nerves in rat molars." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404438.
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Feeney, Robin N. M. "MICROTOMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF SEXUAL DIMORPHISM AND DENTAL TISSUE DISTRIBUTION IN HUMAN MOLARS." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250270343.
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Karlsson, Ingela. "Distal movement of maxillary molars. Studies of efficiency and timing of treatment." Licentiate thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-7764.
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Den vanligaste bettavvikelsen som behandlas bland barn och ungdomar är trångställning. När funktionellt och estetiskt störande trångställning i överkäken ska behandlas kan man vanligtvis ta bort tänder eller flytta de första stora kindtänderna (sexårständerna) bakåt för att sedan göra tandraden jämn. Det finns flera vetenskapliga studier som beskriver behandlingseffekterna av olika tandställningar för att flytta de stora kindtänderna bakåt. Det är oklart vilken typ av tandställning som är effektivast och i allmänhet saknas ett evidensbaserat perspektiv. Det är också oklart vid vilken tidpunkt som det är mest effektivt att flytta sexårständerna bakåt, dvs. före eller efter det att de andra stora kindtänderna kommit på plats i tandbågen. Licentiatavhandlingen är baserad på följande studier: Med randomiserad kontrollerad studiedesign var syftet i Studie I att utvärdera behandlingseffekterna av två olika tandställningar för att flytta överkäkens sexårständer bakåt i tandbågen. Fyrtio patienter randomiserades, 20 till en avtagbar tandställning (extraoralt drag) och 20 patienter till en fast tandställning. Studie II hade syftet att analysera när behandlingen var effektivast, dvs. att tandreglera sexårstanden bakåt innan eller efter att den bakomvarande stora kindtanden kommit på plats i tandbågen. I ramberättelsen utfördes dessutom en systematisk litteraturöversikt med syfte att på ett evidensbaserat sätt utvärdera olika metoders effektivitet i att tandreglera de stora kindtänderna bakåt i tandbågen och att göra en kvalitetsbedömning av de utvalda studierna. Översikten omfattade tidsperioden från januari 1966 t o m april 2008 vilket innebar att bedömningen även inkluderade studierna I och II. Konklusioner: • Fast tandställning var effektivare än avtagbar för att flytta de första stora kindtänderna bakåt i tandbågen. • Sidoeffekter i form av 1-2 mm ökat överbett (förankringsförlust) uppstod vid behandling med fast tandställning medan avtagbar tandställning bidrog till minskat överbett. • Det var mest effektivt att tandreglera sexårstanden bakåt innan den bakomvarande stora kindtanden kommit på plats i tandbågen. • I litteraturen fanns det begränsat bevisvärde för att fast tandställning är mer effektiv än avtagbar för bakåtförflyttning av första stora kindtanden i överkäken och att sidoeffekter (1-2 mm ökat överbett) blir följden av den fastsittande apparaturen. • Det är fortfarande svårt att via litteraturen dra några slutsatser om vilken typ av fast tandställning som är mest effektiv och därför behövs det ännu mer forskning om detta.Maxillary molar distalization is a frequently used treatment method in cases with crowding associated with dental Class II molar relationship or Class I skeletal relationship. Despite the fact that several studies have been published concerning the treatment outcome of different appliances for distal movement of maxillary molars, it is still difficult to interpret the results and evidence presented in these studies because a variety of study designs, sample sizes and research approaches exists. In view of this, well-designed randomized clinical trials comparing patient compliant and non patient compliant extra- and intraoral appliance as methods of distalizing maxillary first molars is desirable as well as a systematic review of the present knowledge. Furthermore, there is a need for further evaluations and knowledge about the most appropriate time to move maxillary molars distally, i.e. evaluation of movement efficiency including anchorage loss before and after eruption of second maxillary molars. The overall aim of this thesis was to evaluate the outcome measures by distalizing maxillary molars with either the conventional extraoral traction (EOA) or a intraoral fixed appliance (IOA) and also to evaluate the optimal timing of distalizing treatment – either before or after the eruption of the second maxillary molars. This thesis was based on two studies and a systematic review included in the frame story: Paper I was a randomized controlled trial involving 40 patients in orthodontic treatment. The study evaluated and compared the treatment effects of an EOA and an IOA for distal molar movement of maxillary first molars. Paper II was a retrospective study involving 40 patients evaluating the maxillary molar distalization and anchorage loss in two groups, one before (MD 1 group) and one after eruption of second maxillary molars (MD 2 group). The systematic literature search was made in 4 different databases to determine what appliances for distal molar movement of maxillary molars have been evaluated in an evidence based manner and with focus on the most efficient method and outcome of molar movement and anchorage loss. Also, the evidence-based standard of Paper I and II was evaluated. These conclusions were drawn: • The IOA was more effective than the EOA to create distal movement of maxillary first molars, and thus, for the clinician the IOA is the most favourable method. • Moderate and acceptable anchorage loss was produced with the IOA implying increased overjet whereas the EOA created decreased overjet. • The two appliances did not have any considerable corrective effect on Class II skeletal relationships and these appliances shall therefore only be used in cases of moderate dental sagittal discrepancies and arch-length deficiencies. • The most opportune time to move maxillary first molars distally is before eruption of the second molars, since molar movement is then most effective and the anchorage loss lesser. • There is limited level of evidence that intraoral appliance is more efficient than extraoral to create distal movement of maxillary molars and that anchorage loss was produced with the intraoral appliance. • It is still difficult to draw any conclusions as to which of the intraoral appliances that were the most effective, and therefore, more RCTs are desireable.
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Babiker, Sahar Malik. "Hard tissue features associated with the presence of impacted mandibular third molars." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5604.
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>Magister Scientiae - MScDifferent pathology associated with impacted wisdom teeth in the oral cavity showed that it is prevalent and may lead to varied dental complications. This study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional retrospective analytical design in order to examine hard tissue features associated with the presence of impacted third molars in a random sample of 2998 digital panoramic radiographs (DPRs) of patients' records in Tygerberg Oral Health Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Western Cape. The specific objectives of the study were to categorize the type of impactions in the DPRs of patients and to determine the prevalence of distal cervical caries (DCC) in second molars, any radiolucent (RL) /radiopaque (RO) lesions or external root resorption (ERR) complications associated with impacted wisdom teeth. Results of the pantomographs and clinical records of patients indicated that the most prevalent type of impaction (TOI) is Mesioangular (MA) Impaction (65%) followed by Horizontal (H) Impaction (17%), Vertical (V) Impaction (15%), Transverse (TVS) Impaction (2 %) and Distoangular (DA) Impaction (1.2 %), respectively. The least prevalent type was Inverted (INV) Impaction with a frequency count of 0.5%. The results further indicated varied dental complications resulting from impaction, ranging from ERR with a frequency of 3% of which 66.70% was associated with MA type of impaction, followed by H with a frequency of 26.7%. The association of Gender and RL/ RO lesions was significant (p-value=0.04) while association between DCC and types of impaction was also significant (p-value =0.0017). The study concluded that the high prevalence of MA among all populations and genders over the years may be related to the anatomical normal inclination of the third molars to the mesial surface. The low prevalence of DA observed in the study sample on the other hand might be attributable to gender and demographic factors. Lastly, this study has only one radiopaque lesion and the high prevalence of RL lesions in males and in the older age group suggests that these complications take a while to develop. Future research is needed to raise more awareness and encourage patients to seek treatment of symptomatic and asymptomatic third molars before complications arise.
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Fontana, Mathias Pante. "Avaliação da raiz mesiovestibular de primeiros molares superiores para detecção do canal mesiopalatino com o uso da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/165134.
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Os molares superiores são um dos grupos dentários que mais recebem tratamentos endodônticos e apresentam grande complexidade anatômica nos seus sistemas de canais radiculares. A presença de um canal mesiopalatino (MP) na raiz mesiovestibular é um achado bastante comum e a sua não detecção está relacionada com um alto índice de insucessos na terapia endodôntica. Recentemente, a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) vem ganhando destaque na avaliação do canal MP pela sua capacidade de fornecer informações detalhadas e em três dimensões, sendo considerada o melhor método de imagem para essa investigação in vivo. Desta forma, o objetivo desta tese foi pesquisar a prevalência e simetria do número de canais da raiz mesiovestibular em primeiros molares superiores homólogos, por meio da TCFC, assim como, analisar o uso dos filtros de refinamento de imagem para esta investigação. Para o primeiro objetivo, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa com 264 pacientes possuindo o primeiro molar superior bilateralmente. Foi encontrada simetria em 78,79% dos pacientes, sendo que o canal MP esteve presente bilateralmente em 67,42%. Do total de 528 dentes avaliados, 78% apresentaram o canal MP não havendo correlação da sua presença com sexo e faixa etária (p > 0,05). Para o segundo objetivo, 30 exames de TCFC foram avaliados com cinco diferentes filtros (Original, Smooth, Sharpen, Sharpen Mild, Angio Sharpen Low e Angio Sharpen High) além das imagens originais (sem filtro). Todos os filtros apresentaram altos índices de acurácia (> 83,3%), sensibilidade (> 90%) e especificidade (> 62%), sem diferença estatística (p > 0,05). Entretanto, quando o nível de certeza foi avaliado, os filtros Angio Sharpen High e Sharpen apresentaram os piores resultados, com diferença significativa para as imagens Originais (p <0,05). Os resultados das pesquisas conduzidas permitem concluir que o canal MP é uma condição altamente prevalente e a sua simetria bilateral é frequente. O emprego de filtros de imagem da TCFC não influenciou a detecção do canal MP, entretanto os filtros de maior realce devem ser evitados pois reduzem a certeza do diagnóstico.The upper molars are the dental group that most receives endodontic treatments and presents great anatomical complexity of their root canal systems. The presence of a second mesiobuccal canal (MB2) is a common finding and its non-detection is related to a high failure rate in endodontic therapy. Recently, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been highlighted in the MB2 evaluation for its ability to provide detailed and three-dimensional information, and is considered the best imaging method for such investigation in vivo. Thus, the aim of this thesis was to investigate the prevalence and symmetry of the root canal numbers from the mesiobuccal root of first homologous upper molars, as well as to evaluate the use of CBCT image filters for that purpose. For the first objective, a research was developed with 264 patients having the first upper molar bilaterally. Symmetry was found in 78.79% patients, and the MB2 was bilaterally present in 67.42%. Out the total of 528 teeth evaluated, 78% presented the MB2, with no correlation with sex and age group (p > 0.05). For the second objective, 30 CBCT scans were evaluated with five different filters (Original, Smooth, Sharpen, Sharpen Mild, Angio Sharpen Low and Angio Sharpen High) in addition to the original images (none filter). All filters presented high levels of accuracy (> 83.3%), sensitivity (> 90%) and specificity (> 62%), with no statistical difference (p > 0.05). However, when the level of certainty was evaluated, Angio Sharpen High and Sharpen filters presented the worst results, with significant difference for Original images (p < 0.05). The results of the conducted studies allow us to conclude that the MB2 is a highly prevalent condition and its bilateral simmetry is frequent. The use of CBCT image filters did not influence the MB2 detection, however higher enhancement filters should be avoided because they reduce the certainty of the diagnosis.
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Nguyen, Hai Ngoc. "The mandibular canal at the region of the molar teeth: an evaluation of cone beam volumetric tomography." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4417.
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Objectives: The aims of this study were: • to evaluate the exact level of the mandibular canal using Cone Beam Volumetric Tomography (CBVT) using measurements taken on images from the NewTom3G and i-CAT machines and manually • to determine the course of the mandibular canal in the regions of the first, second , and third molars • to compare the course of the mandibular canals bilaterally • to compare variables measured between the CBVT and panoramic units • to determine appropriate positions for the implant placement at the region of the mandibular molars in relation to the mandibular canal. Methods: Ten mandibles were selected, including seven edentulous and three dentate ones. They were marked at four positions from the distal border of the mental foramina in the posterior direction at intervals of 10.00 mm. On each dry mandible, at four sites namely M0, M1, M2, and M3, Gutta Percha (GP) points, known as markers, were attached to the mandible so that they were parallel to the midline of the mandible on both buccal and lingual sides. On the NewTom 3G and i-CAT, variables of cross-sectional images were measured from the alveolar crest of the mandible to the superior border of the mandibular canal (AC); the lingual rim of the canal to the lingual margin of the mandible (LC); the buccal rim of the canal to the buccal margin of the mandible (BC); the inferior rim of the canal to the lower border of the mandible (IC), and from the lingual margin to the buccal margin of the mandible (BW: Bone Width). Dry mandibles were subsequently sacrificed by cutting at the four marked sites. On each cross-section of mandibles, distances AC, BC, LC, IC, and BW were measured using a caliper as the manual measurement. IC distances on a conventional OrthophosIII panoramic machine were also measured to compare with the CBVT. Data were managed by Microsoft Office Excel 2003 and transferred to the software of Statistics Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15.0 for Windows for analysis. Data were presented as Mean, Standard Deviation (SD), and Mean Difference, and Standard Error of Mean (SEM) with decimal at 0.00. T-test and One-way ANOVA were used to analyse variables measured in which T-test was used to analyse variables with paired samples and One-way ANOVA was used with adjustment for multiple comparisons of Bonferroni. Statistical significance has an assumed P- value of 0.05 or less. Results: The findings showed that there was no significant difference among measured variables from the NewTom 3G, i-CAT and manual measurement (P>0.05). There was significant statistical difference between the Orthophos OPG machine and CBVT system (P=0.00<0.05). There was no significant difference in the course of the mandibular canals bilaterally (P>0.05). On average, Distances AC, BC, LC, and IC were obtained for reference purposes. The bone width of the mandible on the right side was slightly different from that on the left side. Conclusions: The findings implied CBVT was an accurate diagnostic tool for locating the course of the mandibular canal and for placing dental implants in the region of the mandibular molars. The course of the mandibular canal on the left and right sides was variable. The distances measured at the region of the first, second, and third mandibular molars should be considered as a valuable reference. The bone width of the mandible on the right and left sides was slightly different. The accuracy of the NewTom3G and i-CAT was superior to the panoramic Orthophos machine. However, a panoramic radiograph is still valuable in the daily dental clinic.
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Nguyen, Hai Ngoc. "The mandibular canal at the region of the molar teeth." Connect to full text, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4417.
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Thesis (M. Sc. Dent.)--University of Sydney, 2009.Title from title screen (viewed Aug. 11, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry. Degree awarded 2009 ; thesis submitted 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Jones, Alison Marie. "Environmental signals in proboscidean molars : understanding the isotopic variations in enamel and collagen." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325979.
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Halchuk, K. L. "Third molars as a source of mesenchymal stem cells and their regenerative potential." Thesis, БДМУ, 2021. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/19121.
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Manosudprasit, Montien. "Microvascular changes of the gingiva surrounding the rat molars after gingivectomy and pericision /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dmm285.pdf.
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Au, Ho-yeung, and 歐浩洋. "The efficacy and clinical safety of various analgesic combinations forpost-operative dental pain: a systematicreview." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50639572.
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Background
Various analgesics are available for post-operative pain after third molar surgery. Combinations of different classes of analgesics may improve the overall efficacy of pain control as they covers different pain pathways. A great variation of combinations and dosages of analgesics have been suggested in the literature, yet it was still unclear what combination(s) and dosages were the most effective for acute post-operative dental pain. A systematic review of randomized clinical trials would help clinicians to make clinical judgment of which analgesic combination(s) would be the best for their patients for acute post-operative dental pain in terms of efficacy and safety.
Aim
To conduct a systematic review of randomized clinical trials to answer the clinical question “which analgesic combination and dosage is potentially the most effective and safe for acute post-operative dental pain control?”
Methods
A structured systematic literature search, with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, of the relevant computer databases and journals was performed. The search and the evaluations of articles were done by 2 independent reviewers in 3 rounds. Studies that fulfilled the pre-set criteria were included to enter the final review. The analgesic efficacy of the analgesic combinations reported in the included studies were presented by the objective pain measurements, sum of pain intensity at 6 hours (SPID6) and total pain relief at 6 hours (TOTPAR6). The SPID6 and TOTPAR6 of various combinations were adjusted after deducting from the effect of placebos of the respective studies. The adverse effects of the different analgesic combinations were also presented.
Results
There were 13 studies with 2843 subjects included in the final review. Eight groups of drug combinations with 13 different dosages were reported. The efficacies of the reported analgesic combinations have SPID6 scores ranged from 1.46 to 6.44 and TOTPAR6 scores ranged from 3.24 – 10.3. Among the analgesic combinations, ibuprofen 400mg + oxycodone HCL 5mg had the highest adjusted SPID6 (6.44), and a very higher adjusted TOTPAR6 (9.31), representing its efficacy could be superior to the other different analgesic combinations reported in this study. Nausea was the most common adverse effect of the analgesic combinations, with prevalence ranged from 0-55%. Most of the common adverse effects were related to the use of opioids in the combination. Three combinations of different dosages containing ibuprofen and caffeine were reported with the lowest prevalence of adverse effect.
Conclusions
This systematic review of randomized clinical trials has presented the efficacy and adverse effects of the various analgesic combinations for acute post-operative dental pain control. We have identified ibuprofen 400mg with oxycodone 5mg was more effective when compared to the other 12 combinations. Nausea was the most common adverse effects in an analgesic combination containing an opioid. Ibuprofen 200mg with caffeine 100mg or 200mg has a reasonable analgesic effect with fewer side effects when compared to the other analgesic combinations.published_or_final_version
Dental Surgery
Master
Master of Dental Surgery
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Caputo, Bruno Vieira. "Estudo da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico na avaliação morfológica de raízes e canais dos molares e pré molares da população brasileira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-15042015-171027/.
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Um dos fatores que influenciam o sucesso no tratamento endodôntico é o conhecimento anatômico do sistema de canais radiculares. Devido as dificuldades apresentadas nas avaliações do número de raízes e canais por métodos radiográficos convencionais, a Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico (TCFC) se mostra de grande importância na avaliação morfológica de canais radiculares. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a morfologia dos primeiros pré molares e molares, superiores e inferiores, através da TCFC relacionando com gênero e posição. Foram incluídos no estudo 264 imagens de TCFC de pacientes (144 mulheres e 120 homens), representando um total de 1560 dentes avaliados divididos no quatro grupos de dentes estudados. Na avaliação dos dentes 1ºMI, as mulheres apresentaram com maior frequência 2 canais na raiz distal do lado direito (p = 0,002) do que os homens. E para os dentes 1ºPMS, na raiz única, em ambos os lados, observou-se que as mulheres apresentaram mais canais (p = 0,028 e 0,001, para os lados direito e esquerdo, respectivamente). Porém neste grupo de dentes, observou-se nos homens 2,23 vezes mais chance de apresentarem mais raízes bilaterais, e 2,69 vezes mais chance quando considerar ao menos uma raiz extra. Os resultados indicam que não podemos tratar os dentes provenientes do mesmo paciente como observações independentes em estudos de avaliações de canais radiculares, devido a alta concordância entre os dentes apresentados bilateralmente pelos pacientes. E conclui-se que a população brasileira difere de outras populações em relação a diferentes morfologias de canais radiculares, sendo assim mais estudos devem ser realizados com o objetivo de auxiliar no diagnóstico e tratamento endodôntico.One of the factors that influence success in endodontic treatment is the anatomical knowledge of the root canal system. Because the difficulties presented in the evaluations of the root canals by conventional radiographic methods, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) shown of great importance in the morphology of root canals. This study aimed to evaluate the morphology of the first mandibular molars and premolars, and the first maxillary molars and premolars, by CBCT relating to gender and position. The study included 264 patients CBCT images (144 women and 120 men), representing a total of 1560 teeth examined divided in four groups of teeth studied. In the evaluation of first mandibular molar women have more often two channels on the distal root of the right side (p = 0.002) than males. And maxillary first premolars on single root, on both sides, it is observed that women had more root canals (p = 0.028 and 0.001 for the right and left sides, respectively). But this group of teeth, in men showed 2.23 times more chances to had bilateral extra roots, and 2.69 times more chances when considering at least one extra root. The results showed that couldn\'t treat the teeth from the same patient as independent observations in the root canal reviews studies, due to the high correlation between the teeth presented by the patients bilaterally. And it is concluded that the Brazilian population differs from other populations for different morphologies of root canals, so more studies are needed in order to aid in the diagnosis and endodontic treatment.
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Sella, Rodrigo Castellazzi [UNESP]. "Avaliação ortopantomográfica das angulações mesiodistais de caninos, pré-molares e molares inferiores com e sem a presença dos terceiros molares." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95783.
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A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo comparar os valores médios normais das angulações mesiodistais dentárias, propostos por Ursi em 1989, com as angulações mesiodistais de caninos, pré-molares e molares inferiores em indivíduos com e sem a presença dos terceiros molares inferiores. Além disso, foram comparados os valores das angulações mesiodistais de caninos, pré-molares e molares inferiores nestas duas situações. Para a realização deste trabalho, foram utilizadas 40 radiografias ortopantomográficas de indivíduos de ambos os gêneros que não receberam tratamento ortodôntico, divididos em dois grupos: Grupo I, constituído por 20 radiografias que não apresentavam os terceiros molares inferiores e Grupo II, formado por 20 radiografias com os terceiros molares inferiores presentes. Para realização das mensurações, uma folha de papel de acetato Ultraphan foi adaptada sobre cada radiografia, permitindo o traçado do contorno externo da imagem da mandíbula, forames mentonianos, linha intermentoniana, contorno de caninos, pré-molares e molares inferiores e longos eixos dos dentes. Os desenhos anatômicos foram digitalizados e os ângulos formados pela intersecção dos longos eixos dos dentes com a linha intermentoniana foram medidos pelo programa AutoCAD 2000. A análise dos resultados e a análise estatística permitiram concluir que ambos os Grupos exibiram pré-molares e molares inferiores mais angulados em sentido mesial quando comparados à oclusão normal. Por outro lado, a angulação mesiodistal de caninos inferiores mostrou-se semelhante àquela apresentada em casos de oclusão normal. Os dois Grupos, quando comparados entre si, exibiram valores angulares dos caninos, pré-molares e molares inferiores semelhantes, de modo que a presença dos terceiros molares não exerceu influência sobre estas angulações mesiodistais dentárias.
The present research had as objective compare the normal medium values of the mesiodistal axial angulation, proposed by Ursi in 1989, with the mesiodistal axial angulation of canine teeth, premolar and inferior molars in individuals with and without the presence of the third inferior molars. Besides, the values of the mesiodistal axial angulation of canine, premolar and inferior molars were compared in these two situations. For the accomplishment of this work, they were used 40 panoramic x-rays from individuals of both sexes that didn't receive orthodontic treatment, divided in two groups: Group I, constituted by 20 x-rays that didn't present the third inferior molars and Group II, formed by 20 x-rays with the presence of the third inferior molars. For accomplishment of the measurements, a leaf of paper of acetate Ultraphan was adapted on each x-ray, allowing the plan of the mandibles' external outline, mental foramen, reference line passing through the centers of the mental foramens, outline of canine, premolar and inferior molars and long axes of these teeth. The anatomical drawings' digitization allowed the measurement of the angles formed by the encounter of the long axes of the teeth with the reference line through AutoCAD 2000 program. The results analysis and the statistical analysis allowed concluding that both Groups exhibited inferior premolar and molars more angulated in mesial direction when compared to the normal occlusion. On the other hand, the mesiodistal axial angulation of inferior canine teeth was shown similar that presented in cases of normal occlusion. The two Groups, when compared amongst themselves, exhibited similar angular values of the canine teeth, premolar and inferior molars, so that the presence of the third molars didn't exercise influence on these dental angulations.
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Polizeli, Silvana Aparecida Fernandes. "Remoção seletiva de lesões de cárie em molares decíduos utilizando laser de Er:YAG: avaliação clínica das restaurações e dos níveis de cortisol salivar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58135/tde-30082017-111456/.
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A odontologia minimamente invasiva sugere que durante a realização de preparos cavitários se remova menor quantidade de substrato dentário sadio associado ao uso de materiais adesivos, com o intuito de oferecer durante o tratamento odontológico menor ansiedade e maior conforto ao paciente. Esse estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os níveis de cortisol salivar da criança durante a remoção seletiva de lesões de cárie utilizando laser de Er:YAG e posterior análise longitudinal das restaurações realizadas. Foram selecionadas crianças entre 7 a 10 anos, que apresentassem duas lesões de cárie ativas em dentina localizadas nas superfícies oclusal e proximal (classe II) de molares decíduos. Os dentes de cada criança foram distribuídos em dois grupos aleatoriamente: 1) Laser de Er:YAG (250mJ/4 Hz) e 2) Método convencional (baixa rotação). A dosagem do hormônio cortisol foi realizada por meio de análise imunoenzimática da saliva em 2 momentos: 7 dias antes dos procedimentos e durante a remoção das lesões de cárie. Foi realizada proteção pulpar indireta utilizando cimento de hidróxido de cálcio e cimento de ionômero de vidro nas cavidades profundas e apenas cimento de ionômero de vidro nas cavidades médias. As cavidades foram preparadas e em seguida restauradas empregando o sistema restaurador Adper Single Bond 2/ Filtek Supreme (3M). Para análise clínica das restaurações, três profissionais calibrados e experientes utilizaram os critérios US Public Health Service modificados e exame fotográfico. Para a análise da réplica da restauração os dentes foram moldados e vazados com resina epóxi. A adaptação marginal foi analisada por MEV. As análises clínica e da réplica foram realizadas nos períodos de 7 dias, 6 e 12 meses após a confecção da restauração. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA e teste de Tukey (α = 5%). Os níveis de cortisol foram maiores durante a remoção seletiva de cárie, independentemente do método utilizado (p> 0,05). Após 12 meses, não houve evidência de diferença na retenção, adaptação marginal, descoloração, contorno axial e cárie secundária das restaurações realizadas em cavidades preparadas por ambos os métodos. A análise por MEV revelou que os dentes irradiados com laser apresentaram 10% de fendas na extensão total da restauração. Para os dentes preparados pelo método convencional, 20% das fendas foram encontradas na margem cavosuperfícial. A utilização do laser de Er:YAG não aumentou os níveis de cortisol salivar quando comparado ao método convencional e não influenciou o desempenho clínico de restaurações de classe II, sendo um método alternativo para a remoção de lesões cárie em crianças.Minimally invasive dentistry suggests that during the preparation of cavity preparations, lesser amount of healthy dental substrate associated with the use of adhesive materials is removed, with the purpose of offering less anxiety and greater patient comfort during dental treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the salivary cortisol levels of the child during the selective removal of cáries lesions using Er:YAG laser and later longitudinal analysis of the restorations performed. Children between 7 and 10 years of age were selected to present two lesions of active cáries in dentin located on the occlusal and proximal surfaces (class II) of decíduous molars. The teeth of each child were distributed in two groups randomly: 1) Er:YAG laser (250mJ / 4 Hz) and 2) Conventional method (low rotation). The dosage of the hormone cortisol was performed by means of immunoenzymatic analysis of the saliva in 2 moments: 7 days before the procedures and during the removal of the cáries lesions. Indirect pulp protection was performed using calcium hydroxide cement and glass ionomer cement in the deep wells and only glass ionomer cement in the medium wells. The wells were prepared and then restored using the Adper Single Bond 2 / Filtek Supreme (3M) restorative system. For clinical analysis of the restorations, three calibrated and experienced professionals used the modified US Public Health Service criteria and photographic examination. For the analysis of the réplica of the restoration the teeth were cast and cast with epoxy resin. The marginal adaptation was analyzed by SEM. Clínical and réplicate analyzes were performed in the 7 day, 6 and 12 month periods after the restoration. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey\'s test (α = 5%). Cortisol levels were higher during the selective removal of cáries, regardless of the method used (p> 0.05). After 12 months, there was no evidence of difference in retention, marginal adaptation, discoloration, axial contour and secondary cáries of restorations performed in wells prepared by both methods. SEM analysis revealed that the laser irradiated teeth presented 10% of the total length of the restoration. For teeth prepared by the conventional method, 20% of the slits were found in the cavosuperficial margin. The use of the Er:YAG laser did not increase the levels of salivary cortisol when compared to the conventional method and did not influence the clínical performance of class II restorations, being an alternative method for the removal of cáries lesions in children.
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Maia, Mariana Marques. "Estudo de prevalência de terceiros molares inclusos e impactados numa população da UFP." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4581.
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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina DentáriaNa literatura é demostrado algum desconhecimento relativamente à inclusão e impactação do terceiro molar, não sendo ainda possível esclarecer a sua etiologia. Vários estudos têm sido feitos relativos à prevalência destas retenções na cavidade oral mas ainda não foi possível chegar-se a um consenso. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de terceiros molares inclusos e impactados numa população da Universidade Fernando Pessoa e caracterizar a posição das peças dentárias verificando a relação segundo algumas variáveis. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa do tema com as palavras- chave: “third molar”; “impaction”; “inclusion”; “third molar pathologies”; erupted third molar”; retained third molar”; “unerupted tooth”; “prevalence of third molars” ; “third molar AND impacted ”; “third molar AND inclusion”; “wisdom tooth”. Os motores de busca utilizados foram a PubMed, Scielo, Science Direct, e B-On. Posteriormente foi realizada uma investigação científica com uma amostra de 250 ortopantomografias dos processos clínicos das Clínicas Pedagógicas da Universidade Fernando Pessoa dos pacientes com idades iguais ou superiores a 18 anos no período de 2009 a 2013. No estudo realizado verificou-se que a prevalência de terceiros molares inclusos ou impactados seria de 21% com intervalo de confiança a 95% e poder estatístico 20%. A proporção apresentada dos pacientes que apresentavam pelo menos um terceiro molar incluso ou impactado situou-se entre 19,8% e 29,7%. Dos pacientes estudados e das peças dentárias encontradas e avaliadas, 8,5% pertenciam a terceiros molares inclusos e 12,9% a terceiros molares impactados, sendo que 78,6% dos terceiros molares encontrados se encontravam na cavidade oral já erupcionados e em oclusão. Por sua vez, a classificação mais encontrada foi a da inclinação vertical com 46,4% dos casos, seguindo-se a distoangular com 46,2%. Continuam a ser necessários estudos nesta área para que se encontre mais concordância e valores mais significativamente expressivos. Literature has demonstrated some unfamiliarity with the inclusion and impaction of the third molar and it’s not yet possible to clarify its etiology. Several studies have been done concerning the prevalence of these deductions in the oral cavity but still it has not been possible to reach a consensus. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of impacted or included third molars in a population of University Fernando Pessoa, and to characterize the position of the dental specimens by verifying the relationship according to some variables. A narrative literature review of the theme was performed using the key words: “third molar”; “impaction”; “inclusion”; “third molar pathologies”; erupted third molar”; retained third molar”; “unerupted tooth”; “prevalence of third molars”; “third molar AND impacted”; “third molar AND inclusion”; “wisdom tooth”. The search engines used were PubMed, Scielo, Science Direct and B-On. Subsequently, a scientific investigation was conducted with a sample of 250 panoramic radiographs of clinical processes of the University Fernando Pessoas’ Pedagogical Clinics, relative to patients with ages greater than or equal to 18 years old, between 2009 and 2013. In the study it was found that the prevalence of impacted or included third molars would be 21% with a confidence interval of 95% and 20% statistical power. The proportion of patients who presented at least one impacted or included third molar was between 19.8% and 29.7%. With regards to the patients studied and the dental pieces evaluated, 8.5% belonged to included third molars and 12.9% to impacted third molars, while 78.6% of the third molars were found already erupted and in occlusion in the oral cavity. On the other hand, the vertical inclination was the classification most found in the study, with 46.4% of cases, followed by the distoangular with 46.2%. More studies need to be done in this area in order to find more agreements and significantly more expressive values.
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Qirreish, Emad Eddin Yacob Juma. "Radiographic profile of symptomatic impacted mandibular third molars in the Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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It is common practice to remove impacted mandibular third molars due to pathology associated with these impactions. Alternatively, impactions can be treated conservatively through a closely guarded follow-up regiment. However, many symptoms associated with impacted third molars may be prevented by elective removal of potentially problematic teeth. To determine the risk of developing pathology associated with impacted mandibular third molars, a ransom sample of 200 pantomographs were analyzed displaying 324 impactions from patients who presented for treatment at the Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape.
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Chu, Chun-hung. "Surface morphological changes and marginal adaptation of glass cermet cement restorations in primary molars." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628223.
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Chu, Chun-hung, and 朱振雄. "Surface morphological changes and marginal adaptation of glass cermet cement restorations in primary molars." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628223.
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Arrow, Peter G. "Oral hygiene in the control of occlusal caries in newly erupted first permanent molars." Thesis, Curtin University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1465.
Full textAbstract:
Caries of the pits and fissures of permanent teeth continues to be a problem for children. Newly erupted permanent molars are particularly at risk. Oral hygiene measures have been shown to be able to reduce the incidence of caries. The aim of this study was to compare the caries preventive effects of a professional tooth cleaning and oral health education programme (test) with a standard preventive programme (comparison), comprising selective fissure sealing and application of topical fluorides on newly erupted first permanent molars. School Dental Service clinics of the Health Department of Western Australia, in Perth, were assigned to test (4)or comparison (4) clinics. Schoolchildren, mean age 6.3 plus or minus 0.3 (s) yr with, sound, newly erupted first permanent molars were included in the study (n=404; 207 test; 197 control).Children were examined after twelve and twenty-four months by an examiner who was 'blind' to the test or control status of the children. After twelve months, 186 test and 163 control children were examined, and after twenty-four months, 179 test and 156 control children were examined. Three hundred and twenty children were examined in both years. After twenty-four months, 32 children in test and 31 children in control developed caries of the first permanent molars, the estimated risk ratio was 0.90 (95% CI 0.58, 1.41); and children in the test group had an average DFT score of 0.30 plus or minus 0.75 compared with 0.30 plus or minus 0.70 DFT in the control group (t-test, p=0.96). The results suggest that, after two years, there was no statistically significant difference between the caries preventive effects of a professional tooth cleaning and oral health education programme and a programme based on selective fissure sealing and application of topical fluorides.Baseline deciduous caries experience, presence of hypomineralised first permanent molars and frequency of toothbrushing were statistically significant factors in predicting molar caries. Using baseline deciduous caries experience as a screening criterion to predict permanent molar caries, sensitivity of 0.67 and specificity 0.61 were obtained at a cutpoint of 1 dmfs. Sensitivity and specificity values were maximised at 0.72 by using a combined baseline dmfs and hypomineralisation as screening criteria. Cost-effectiveness analysis indicated an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $40/child/year. The test programme was more costly and produced similar outcomes and does not warrant adoption on economic grounds.