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Journal articles on the topic 'Moisture content'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Kumar, Ch Sravan, K. V. Prakash, Sanjeeva Reddy, Sushilendra, P. Vijaykumar, Krishnamurty, and M. Nemichandrappa. "Bending and cutting characteristics of the Cotton stalk." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 28 (2022): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2022.v28i07s.009.

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The bending stress, modulus of elasticity and cutting energy was measured for Cotton stalks. The bending force was measured by a cantilever beam test in field at different moistures contents and at height of 100 mm and different stalkgirths, the bending stress and modulus of elasticity was determined from these data. The cutting energy was measured by using pendulum impact tester. Maximum bending stress of 7.85 MPa was observed at 26 mm stalk girth with 10 ±5 % (w.b) moisture content. Minimum bending stress of 2.55 MPa was observed at 14 mm girth with 30±5 %(w.b) moisture content. Maximum modulus of elasticity of 40.29 MPa was observed at 26 mm girth with 10±5 % %(w.b) moisture content. Minimum modulus of elasticity of 23.14 MPa was observed at 14 mm girth with 30±5 % (w.b) moisture content. It was observed that the maximum cutting energy of 583.37 kJ were observed for 26 mm stalk girth with 10 ±5 % (w.b) moisture content and minimum cutting energy of 72.32 kJ was observed at 30 ± 5 % (w.b) moisture content (w.b) for 14 mm stalk girth. Bending stress increased as the stalk girth increased and decreased as the moisture content increased. Modulus of elasticity increased as the stalk girth increased and decreased as the stalk moisture increased. The cutting energy of cotton stalk increased as the moisture content decreased and the stalk girth increased. The velocity of cut increased as the stalk girth increased at all three moisture contents.
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2

Sivritepe, N., H. Ö. Sivritepe, and C. Türkben. "Determination of moisture content in grape seeds." Seed Science and Technology 36, no. 1 (April 1, 2008): 198–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2008.36.1.21.

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3

Janier, Josefina B., and Maliki B. Maidin. "Paddy Moisture Content Detector." Journal of Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 1, 2011): 1476–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2011.1476.1478.

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4

J. Fan, T. J. Siebenmorgen, and B. P. Marks. "EFFECTS OF VARIETY AND HARVEST MOISTURE CONTENT ON EQUILIBRIUM MOISTURE CONTENTS OF RICE." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 16, no. 3 (2000): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.5136.

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5

Chrosciewicz, Z. "Prediction of forest-floor moisture content on jack pine cutovers." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-033.

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Moisture contents of organic forest-floor materials were studied by strata on a clear-cut jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) site in relation to slash distribution and changes in both duff moisture code and fine fuel moisture code, the two weather-based components of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System. The best-fitting curvilinear regression (Y = a + b/X) of the duff moisture code showed distinctive patterns of variation, so that both the surface and subsurface forest-floor strata were consistently moister under slash cover than in slash openings, and for each of these two slash conditions, the subsurface forest-floor strata were consistently moister than the surface strata. Combinations of these materials down to mineral soil showed intermediate moisture contents both in slash openings and under slash cover. The straight line regression (Y = a + bX) of the fine fuel moisture code was the best-fitting moisture content relationship for the surface forest-floor materials, but only in slash openings; under slash cover, the curvilinear regression (Y = a + b/X) of the duff moisture code was more suitable. The coefficients of correlation, r, as derived from these varied regressions, were all very highly significant at P < 0.001.
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6

Rossa, Carlos G., Paulo M. Fernandes, and Anita Pinto. "Measuring foliar moisture content with a moisture analyzer." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 45, no. 6 (June 2015): 776–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2014-0545.

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Near-instantaneous estimation of the moisture content of live fuels is complicated because of the large control exerted by physiological mechanisms. The commonly accepted reference method for measuring fuel moisture content is oven drying, which is time consuming. This study evaluates the use of a moisture analyzer (ML-50, A&D Company, Limited, Tokyo, Japan) for measuring the foliar moisture content of two common European species. The moisture of live leaves of Arbutus unedo L. (strawberry tree) and Quercus robur L. (pedunculate oak) was measured within a period of 15 min using two drying temperatures and compared with the oven-dried value. Correction factors were determined for estimating the oven-dried moisture content based on the measurement by the moisture analyzer. The power delivered during the drying process plays an important role in the moisture measured by the analyzer in relation to the oven-dried value. Increasing the drying time beyond the minimum period necessary for obtaining a reliable prediction of the oven-dried moisture does not significantly change the moisture measured at lower temperatures. The moisture analyzer is able to estimate the live foliage moisture content with high accuracy.
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7

Kammar, Shweta, Bhagat G. Inamdar, and S. B. Kulkarni. "Detection of Moisture Content of Fruits Using ANN." Bonfring International Journal of Software Engineering and Soft Computing 6, Special Issue (October 31, 2016): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/bijsesc.8237.

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8

Chen, Haiyan, Qingguo Yao, Qiqi Liu, Hao Liu, and Xinyan Zhang. "Effects of Moisture Content on the Minimum Explosible Concentration of Aluminum Powder and the Related Mechanism." Journal of Energy 2020 (February 19, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1393891.

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Aluminum powder has been widely applied to various industries. However, its high activity and high burn rate can cause serious explosion risks. Many factors affecting the explosion of aluminum powder have been determined, yet moisture content has not been included. In the present work, the minimum explosible concentrations of aluminum powders with different moisture contents were measured with a 20-liter explosion test apparatus using the explosion accident in Kunshan, China, as a study case. The experimental results suggest that the minimum explosible concentration of aluminum powder dramatically increases with the increase of its moisture content first and the increasing trend becomes slower as the moisture content further increased. The oxidation time has no significant effects on the minimum explosible concentration of aluminum power in 8 hours at room temperature. Further investigation suggests that the moisture lowers the explosion risk of aluminum powder by altering its surface oxide film, ignition, and combustion process. The low contents of moisture in the range of 0%-8% increase the minimum explosible concentration of aluminum powder by inhibiting the reaction kinetics and particle agglomeration, while high contents of moistures in the range of 8%-20% affect the minimum explosible concentration by the endothermic effect and oxygen dilution effect.
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9

Huh, Man Kyu, and Byeongryong Lee. "The Change of Chlorophyll Content and Chlorophyll Efficiency in Epipremnum aureum by Water and pH." European Journal of Botany 1, no. 2 (September 2, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbotany.2022.1.2.12.

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Epipremnum aureum (pothos) is an herbaceous species and is originated to tropical or subtropical South East Asia and Solomon islands. This study investigated the effect of excessive moisture on chlorophyll content and photosynthesis efficiency on E. aureum. The chlorophyll a, b, and total (chlorophyll a + b) contents were measured by using spectrophotometer. Fluorescence analysis for chlorophyll efficiency was measured with the PAM Chlorophyll Fluorometer. The chlorophyll content increases when moisture increases to 30%, but gradually decreases when it exceeds 40%. When the soil moisture was 80%, the values of chlorophyll a and b were 0.317 mg/g and 0.126 mg/g, respectively. This decreased the chlorophyll a, b, and total contents by 38.1%, 46.6%, and 36.8%, respectively, compared to 30% in 80% moisture. The chlorophyll content was highest at pH 6.5 of the soil. The content for chlorophylls a, b, and total were 0.471, 0.219, and 0.446 mg/g at pH 6.5, respectively. The correlation coefficients were subjected of the chlorophyll efficiency as a function of moistures. The change of chlorophyll efficiency in the quenched state (Fv) was also increased at 30% of moisture and then decreased steeply. The maximal possible value for fluorescence (Fm) was varied from 4310 (40% moisture) to 4220 (80% moisture). The Fm was varied from 4098 (pH 4.0) to 4356 (pH 6.5). The maximum quantum yield of photosynthesis (Fv/Fm) was varied from 0.798 (30% moisture) to 0.810 (60% moisture). The slope factors of Fo, Fm, Fv, and Fv/Fm for chlorophyll efficient indicators were 0.938, -0.806, 0.013, and 0.846, respectively. Excess watering decreased chlorophyll a, chl b, and chl (a + b) contents, and the chl a/b ratio in the E. aureum. The growth of this species was not as sensitive to pH compared to moisture.
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10

QUERLEUX, B., J. BITTOUN, C. MULLER, S. AKOKA, F. Franconi, J. GUESNET, J. M. BARRET, D. DERSIGNY, B. BREDA, and P. BEAU. "Measurement of epidermal moisture content." British Journal of Dermatology 135, no. 1 (July 1996): 144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-953.x.

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11

Querleux, B., and J. Bittoun. "Measurement of epidermal moisture content." British Journal of Dermatology 135, no. 1 (July 1996): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb03628.x.

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12

Slight, H. A. "The Measurement of Moisture Content." Measurement and Control 22, no. 2 (March 1989): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029408902200202.

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13

Nelson, S. O. "Sensing moisture content in grain." IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 3, no. 1 (March 2000): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5289.823818.

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14

A. D. Ghadge, M. G. Britton, and D. S. Jayas. "Moisture Content Determination for Potatoes." Transactions of the ASAE 32, no. 5 (1989): 1744–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.31216.

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15

Klomklao, P., S. Kuntinugunetanon, and W. Wongkokua. "Moisture content measurement in paddy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 901 (September 2017): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/901/1/012068.

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16

Gil, L., and P. Cortiço. "Cork hygroscopic equilibrium moisture content." Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 56, no. 5 (September 1998): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001070050332.

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17

Temple, S. J., and A. J. B. van Boxtel. "Equilibrium Moisture Content of Tea." Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 74, no. 1 (September 1999): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jaer.1999.0439.

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18

ELLIS, R. H., T. D. HONG, and E. H. ROBERTS. "A Low-Moisture-Content Limit to Logarithmic Relations Between Seed Moisture Content and Longevity." Annals of Botany 61, no. 4 (April 1988): 405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087571.

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19

Aviara, N. A., A. A. Lawal, H. M. Mshelia, and D. Musa. "Effect of moisture content on some engineering properties of mahogany (Khaya senegalensis) seed and kernel." Research in Agricultural Engineering 60, No. 1 (March 27, 2014): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10/2012-rae.

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Some engineering properties of mahogany seed and kernel were investigated and expressed as a function of moisture content. In the moisture ranges of 7.1&ndash;32% and 5.3&ndash;22% (d.b.), respectively, the seed and kernel length, width and thickness increased with increase in moisture content. One thousand seed and kernel weight increased linearly with moisture content. True density, bulk density, porosity and angle of repose of seed and kernel also increased with increase in moisture content. Static and kinetic coefficients of friction increased linearly with moisture content and varied with structural surfaces. Specific heat increased with increase in both moisture content and temperature. Regression equations were used to express the relationships existing between the engineering properties and seed and kernel moisture contents. &nbsp;
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20

Somaye, Akbari, and Chayjan Reza Amiri. "Moisture content modelling of thermal properties of persimmon (cv. ‘Kaki’)." Research in Agricultural Engineering 63, No. 2 (June 20, 2017): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3/2016-rae.

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Persimmon is one of the tasty and sweet fruits with short shelf life. Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat are necessary for storage, drying, packaging and designing of distillation machines. In this research, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of persimmon were calculated using the line-heat source probe and Dickerson method. The experiments were conducted at four temperature levels of 40, 50, 60 and 70°C, and four moisture content levels of 37.77, 56.49, 70.47 and 88.42 (%, w.b). Results showed that the thermal conductivity of persimmon was improved by increasing temperature and moisture content of the samples. The effects of moisture content and temperature on thermal properties were highly significant. Regression equations were established which can be used to estimate thermal property values at different moisture content levels.
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21

Haidong, Wang, Tao Yang, Wang Deyue, Sun Xin, and Gao Jiahui. "Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Briquette Coal Samples with Different Moisture Content." Geofluids 2021 (February 17, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6634378.

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Coal seam water injection is an important technical method to prevent and control coal and gas outburst and other disasters. Water can soften coal and change its mechanical properties. In order to study the mechanical properties of coal samples with different moisture content, briquette coal samples with five moistures content (4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12%) were selected to carry out triaxial compression tests under different confining pressures (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 MPa). Then, the mechanical response mechanism of the water-bearing briquette coal was analyzed. The results show that the slope of the linear elastic stage of the stress-strain curve gradually decreases with the increase of moisture content. Water-bearing coal exhibits strain strengthening characteristics under high confining pressure, which transforms the water-bearing coal from brittle to ductile state. The peak stress under different moisture content conditions shows a linear relationship with the confining pressure. The internal friction angle decreases linearly with the increase of moisture content. The cohesion varies parabolically with the increase of moisture content and reaches the maximum value when the moisture content is 8%. The coal body with moisture content between 7% and 9% has a high bonding force, which is beneficial to the consolidation of the coal body. Therefore, ensuring a reasonable moisture content of coal through coal seam injection can provide a basis for preventing coal and gas outburst.
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22

Ünal, H., H. C. Alpsoy, and A. Ayhan. "Effect of the moisture content on the physical properties of bitter gourd seed." International Agrophysics 27, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/intag-2013-0016.

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Abstract Some physical and germination properties of bitter gourd seed were determined in a moisture content range of 9.3-32.1% d.b. For this moisture, the average length, width, and thickness of seed increased by 3.68, 4.07, and 4.56%, respectively. The geometric properties increased with increasing moisture content. The bulk density and rupture force decreased while thousand seed mass, true density, porosity, terminal velocity and static coefficient of friction increased with increasing moisture content. At all moisture contents, the maximum friction was offered by rubber, followed by plywood, aluminum, and galvanized iron surface. The seed germination duration, seedling emergence percentage, and germination index values gave the best results at the 19.9% moisture content, whereas fresh seedling mass was not affected by different moisture contents.
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23

Wotton, B. Mike, and Jennifer L. Beverly. "Stand-specific litter moisture content calibrations for the Canadian Fine Fuel Moisture Code." International Journal of Wildland Fire 16, no. 4 (2007): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf06087.

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A large dataset of litter moisture measurements collected at several sites across Canada by the Canadian Forest Service over the period from 1939 to 1961 is analysed. The stands in which sampling was carried out were described by three main variables: forest type (pine, spruce, Douglas fir, mixedwood and deciduous), season (spring, summer and fall), and stand density (light, moderate and dense). All three variables were found to have a significant influence on the relationship between the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System’s Fine Fuel Moisture Code (FFMC) and surface litter moisture. Moisture in the upper duff layer was also found to have a significant influence on the relationship between FFMC and litter moisture content, with a wetter duff layer leading to moister surface conditions than would be indicated by the FFMC value. A model for litter moisture is developed, which provides a method of adjusting the standard FFMC value for the influences of forest type, stand density, season and duff moisture content.
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24

Lee, Youn Ju, Jin Sil Yoo, and Won Byong Yoon. "Grinding Characteristics of Black Soybeans (Glycine max) at Varied Moisture Contents: Particle Size, Energy Consumption, and Grinding Kinetics." International Journal of Food Engineering 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2014-0017.

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Abstract The effects of moisture content on the grinding characteristics of black soybeans were studied. The average particle size of the black soybean powder was smaller as the moisture content was decreased by drying. Bond’s constants and the work index showed lower values as the moisture content decreased. A sigmoid model accurately described the grinding kinetics of the black soybean powder (R2 > 0.90). The parameters in the sigmoidal models were useful to explain the effect of moisture content during grinding. However, at higher moisture contents, the sigmoid model did not accurately fit the grinding kinetics. The grinding characteristics of black soybeans showed a strong dependence on moisture content. Adjusting the moisture contents of black soybeans using a pretreatment such as drying is very important to control the grinding characteristics, including the energy consumption and the average particle size, during grinding.
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25

Trowbridge, R., and M. C. Feller. "Relationships between the moisture content of fine woody fuels in lodgepole pine slash and the Fine Fuel Moisture Code of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-019.

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Unsuccessful attempts to ignite slash resulting from the mechanical knocking down of lodgepole pine in west central British Columbia led to a short-term investigation of the relationship between the Fine Fuel Moisture Code of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System and the moisture content of various fine fuel components <1 cm in diameter. Of the types of fuel sampled, the moisture contents of B.C. Forest Service fuel moisture sticks and aged slash were similar to, and well correlated (r = 0.79 and 0.81, respectively) with, the equivalent moisture content calculated from the Fine Fuel Moisture Code. The Fine Fuel Moisture Code was not designed to relate to the moisture content of uncured fuels. Thus, the moisture contents of fresh living slash (material from knocked down trees still attached to living roots) and of fresh dead slash (material unattached to living trees that had not yet experienced a complete fire season in which to fully cure) were poorly correlated with moisture content (r = 0.16 and 0.42, respectively). The moisture content of the progressively curing, needle-bearing fresh dead slash was relatively high at the beginning of the fire season, but became similar to the moisture content during the first half of July. This suggests that the Fine Fuel Moisture Code can also be used to predict the moisture content of such fine slash after these fuels have cured for approximately 3 months during the snow-free period.
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26

Fu, Wei-Lian, Hui-Yuan Guan, and Sawata Kei. "Effects of Moisture Content and Grain Direction on the Elastic Properties of Beech Wood Based on Experiment and Finite Element Method." Forests 12, no. 5 (May 12, 2021): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12050610.

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Beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) is used in a wide range of wood products. However, the influence of the wood’s moisture content on its mechanical functions will affect its structural strength. It would be complicated and time-consuming to experimentally measure wood’s mechanical functions under different moisture contents. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a prediction formula between the moisture content and elastic constants, and then verify whether its mechanical functions within a wide range of moisture content can be studied by using FEM (finite element method). In this study, which was based on experimentation, we studied the influence of a wide range of moisture contents and grain direction on the compressive yield strength, modulus of elasticity and shear modulus of beech wood. The relationship between the moisture content and elastic constants was established; the moisture sensitivities of different elastic parameters were obtained. Ultimately, compression curves under different moisture contents were plotted out, using both FEM and experimentation. According to the results, the interaction of moisture with the grain direction had a significant effect on the elastic constants of wood, with grain direction having a greater effect on the elastic properties than the moisture content. Moreover, the decay function can be used to fit these experimental results well. The elastic constants of beech wood responded differently to the moisture content, depending on whether it was in the longitude or transverse directions. Finally, this study proved the feasibility of using FEM to simulate wood’s compressive performance with a wide range of moisture contents.
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27

Watwood, Mary E., John W. Fitzgerald, and Wayne T. Swank. "Effects of moisture content on sulfate generation and retention in hardwood forest upper soil horizons." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 6 (June 1, 1988): 823–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-126.

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The influence of moisture on organic S mineralization and the fate of both mineralization-derived and added sulfate were examined in A and B horizon soil samples from a hardwood forest. The sulfur-containing amino acid methionine was chosen to study organic S mineralization. 35S-labelled sulfate or methionine was added to field-moist samples, which were then suction dried to contain between 2 and 80% moisture. Both added sulfate-S and sulfate-S released by methionine mineralization was incorporated into organic matter, and the highest levels of organic S formed were observed for those A and B horizon samples containing between 25 and 35% moisture. The A horizon incorporated much less added sulfate under very dry than under extremely moist conditions. The B horizon exhibited substantial decreases under both extreme moisture regimes. At moisture contents over 30%, high levels of methionine mineralization were observed, and at lower moisture contents mineralization decreased substantially. For soil moistures lower than 10 and 20% for the A and B horizons, respectively, most of the added methionine remained nonmineralized following incubation. In addition to mineralization, a portion of the added methionine was also incorporated directly into organic matter. The highest levels of this incorporation were achieved at soil moistures between 20 and 35%.
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28

Monje, O., G. D. Goins, H. G. Levine, and G. W. Stutte. "295 Controlling Crop Growth Media Moisture with Sensors." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 442D—442. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.442d.

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Tight control of growth media moisture content is needed when plant growth systems employ shallow root zones or for cultivating fast-growing plants (i.e., crops). Poor control of moisture can affect both growth rate and plant quality by either excessive watering (waterlogging) or drought events. We evaluated the performance of two types of moisture sensors: tensiometers and heat-pulse moisture sensors. The output from each sensor type was evaluated as a function of volumetric moisture content in 1 to 2 mm Turface. The tensiometers were more sensitive between 30% and 60% volumetric moisture content, and their output was nonlinear because they measure water potential directly. In contrast, both the sensitivity and the output of the heat-pulse moisture sensors, as a function of volumetric moisture content, were linear. The heat-pulse moisture sensors were used to control moisture content in a shallow root zone, whereby water was added or removed from the media through a porous tube using peristaltic pumps. Moisture content in the media could be maintained within ±2% of setpoint for moisture contents ranging from 20% to 100% volumetric moisture content. The heat-pulse sensors were better suited for controlling media moisture because of their linear output and because of their constant sensitivity as a function of volumetric moisture content.
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29

Jolly, W. Matt, and Ann M. Hadlow. "A comparison of two methods for estimating conifer live foliar moisture content." International Journal of Wildland Fire 21, no. 2 (2012): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf11015.

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Foliar moisture content is an important factor regulating how wildland fires ignite in and spread through live fuels but moisture content determination methods are rarely standardised between studies. One such difference lies between the uses of rapid moisture analysers or drying ovens. Both of these methods are commonly used in live fuel research but they have never been systematically compared to ensure that they yield similar results. Here we compare the foliar moisture content of Pinus contorta (lodgepole pine) at multiple sites for an entire growing season determined using both oven-drying and rapid moisture analyser methods. We found that moisture contents derived from the rapid moisture analysers were nearly identical to oven-dried moisture contents (R2 = 0.99, n = 68) even though the rapid moisture analysers dried samples at 145°C v. oven-drying at 95°C. Mean absolute error between oven-drying and the rapid moisture analysers was low at 2.6% and bias was 0.62%. Mean absolute error was less than the within-sample variation of an individual moisture determination method and error was consistent across the range of moisture contents measured. These results suggest that live fuel moisture values derived from either of these two methods are interchangeable and it also suggests that drying temperatures used in live fuel moisture content determination may be less important than reported by other studies.
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30

Fan, Jiuyuan, Gang Wang, and Jiuling Zhang. "Study on Spontaneous Combustion Tendency of Coals with Different Metamorphic Grade at Low Moisture Content Based on TPO-DSC." Energies 12, no. 20 (October 15, 2019): 3890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203890.

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In the environments of various open coal storage sites, mining-affected coalbeds, and goafs, etc., some coal bodies are often affected by external environmental factors. They are highly prone to spontaneous combustion in low moisture content (≤8%). In order to examine the effect of low moisture content on the spontaneous combustion tendency of coals with different metamorphic grade, we conducted a temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) experiment and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiment to study the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coals with different metamorphic grade at four different low moisture contents. The change laws of the characteristic parameters of four different metamorphic grade coals at four different low moisture contents were comparatively analyzed. The experimental results indicate that: (1) Compared other low moisture content, anthracite and fat coal at a low moisture content of 1.2 % show a stronger tendency for spontaneous combustion, and long flame coal and lignite at a low moisture content of 3.4% and 5.6% are more prone to spontaneous combustion. (2) Four different metamorphic grade coals at a low moisture content of 7.8% are less prone to spontaneous combustion.
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31

Yan, Min. "The preliminary study on the optimum moisture content of ultra-dry storage and its related chemicals in seeds from six crop species." Plant Genetic Resources 15, no. 6 (June 10, 2016): 506–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262116000216.

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AbstractUltra-dry storage, storing orthodox seeds at ambient temperatures with moisture contents below 5%, can maintain seed viability for long periods with low input. Optimum moisture contents for ultra-dry storage exist and vary substantially among different seed lots due to their differences in desiccation tolerance, which is associated with the accumulation of protective compounds. To study the relationship between moisture contents of ultra-dry stored species, seed composition and the free-radical scavenging activity (FRSA). Eleven seed lots of maize, wheat, pepper, peanut, Chinese cabbage, and cucumber were chosen and multiple stepwise regression analysis was applied. In general, analysis of the seed lots revealed that optimum moisture contents for highest seed viability are below equilibrium moisture at 13% relative humidity and 20°C. Nevertheless, seed composition differed significantly among species. Lipids, flavonoids and the FRSA were significantly negatively correlated with the optimum moisture content of ultra-dry stored whole seeds and accounted for 97.7% of the total variation in the optimum moisture content. Lipids had the highest effect (90.0%) on the optimum moisture content of ultra-dry storage, which is consistent with the previous results. The FRSA and flavonoids accounted for 4.8 and 2.9% of total variation of optimum moisture content of ultra-dry stored whole seeds, respectively. The FRSA and flavonoids were also significantly negatively correlated with the optimum moisture content for non-lipid fraction of ultra-dry stored seeds, and accounted for 74.1 and 15.3% of the total variation in the optimum moisture content, respectively.
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Hall, Kevin D., and Shreenath Rao. "Predicting Subgrade Moisture Content for Low-Volume Pavement Design Using In Situ Moisture Content Data." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1652, no. 1 (January 1999): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1652-47.

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Reardon, James, Roger Hungerford, and Kevin Ryan. "Factors affecting sustained smouldering in organic soils from pocosin and pond pine woodland wetlands." International Journal of Wildland Fire 16, no. 1 (2007): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf06005.

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The smouldering combustion of peat and muck soil plays an important role in the creation and maintenance of wetland communities. This experimental study was conducted to improve our understanding of how moisture and mineral content constrain smouldering in organic soil. Laboratory burning was conducted with root mat and muck soil samples from pocosin and pond pine woodland wetlands common on the North Carolina coastal plain. The results of laboratory and prescribed burning were compared. Laboratory results showed that moisture and mineral content influenced sustained smouldering in root mat soils. Predictions based on logistic regression analysis show that root mat soils with an average mineral content of 4.5% had an estimated 50% probability of sustained smouldering at a moisture content of 93%, whereas at moisture contents above 145% the estimated probability was less than 10%. The odds that root mat soil will sustain smouldering decrease by 19.3% for each 5% increase in moisture content. Root mat soils with an average mineral content of 5.5% and a moisture content of 93% had an estimated 61% probability of sustained smouldering. The odds that root mat soil will sustain smouldering combustion increased by 155.9% with each 1% increase in mineral content. Root mat and muck soils differ in physical and chemical characteristics expected to influence smouldering behaviour. The formation of muck soil has led to increases in density, smaller soil particle size, changes in water holding characteristics and increases in waxes, resins and bituminous compounds. Muck soil smouldered at higher moisture contents than root mat soil. Muck soil at a moisture content of 201% had an estimated 50% probability of sustained smouldering, whereas at moisture contents above 260% the estimated probability was less than 10%. The odds that muck soil will sustain smouldering combustion decrease by 17.2% with each 5% increase in moisture content. Ground fire in the prescribed burns stopped its vertical spread in organic soils at moisture contents consistent with logistic regression predictions developed from our laboratory results.
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34

Nguyen, Vinh Tien, Loc Nguyen Thi, and Khanh Son Trinh. "Moisture Effect on Characteristics of Slowly Digestible Potato Starch Prepared under Electron Beam Irradiation." Journal of Chemistry 2021 (February 4, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6653482.

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This study evaluates the effect of initial moisture contents (11.74–29.84%) on physicochemical changes, in vitro and in vivo digestibilities of potato starch irradiated with electron beam (EB). After a constant dose of EB irradiation, intrinsic viscosity and average molecular weight of potato starch decreased for all investigated moisture contents. When the moisture of starch was lower than 18%, the depolymerization predominated, hence increasing the amylose content. At higher moisture, water can strongly absorb EB and produce highly active species that induced the crosslinking of amylose molecules and the disruption of large crystals into smaller defective crystals. As a result, we found a maximum in amylose content at 14.84% moisture and a minimum in the degree of crystallinity at 17.5% moisture. Thermal stabilities between the irradiated samples were not significantly different. In vitro digestibility results showed that higher moistures during EB treatment induced structural changes that led to the conversion of resistant starch (RS) fraction into slowly digestible starch (SDS). Moreover, an in vivo digestive model in mice showed that EB-treated starch was able to maintain blood glucose at a stable level for a long time. This study showed a potential for SDS production from potato starch using EB irradiation technology, even in large scale.
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Menkov, N. D., and D. I. Gelyazkov. "Moisture sorption isotherms of millet seeds." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 18, No. 3 (January 1, 2000): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8316-cjfs.

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The equilibrium moisture contents were determined for millet seeds of two cultivars using the gravimetric static method at 10, 25 and 40°C over a range of relative humidities from 0.112 to 0.868. The sorption capacity of the seeds decreased with an increase in temperature at constant relative humidity. The hysteresis effect is not distinctly expressed but statistically significant. The differences between equilibrium moisture contents of the cultivars are small. Four models were applied for analyzing the experimental data using the following equations: modified Chung-Pfost, modified Halsey, modified Oswin, and modified Henderson. The modified Chung-Pfost model was found to be the most suitable for describing the relationship between equilibrium moisture content, relative humidity and temperature.
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36

Hao, Dingyi, Lei Zhang, Mingxue Li, Shihao Tu, Cun Zhang, Qingsheng Bai, and Chen Wang. "Experimental study of the moisture content influence on CH4 adsorption and deformation characteristics of cylindrical bituminous coal core." Adsorption Science & Technology 36, no. 7-8 (July 13, 2018): 1512–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617418788444.

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Moisture content in coal is an important factor affecting the coal seam gas extraction. It directly affects the storage and flow of gas in bituminous coal. In this paper, the cylindrical bituminous coal cores of Xutuan coal mine in Huaibei coal mine group were studied as experimental objects, using the laboratory self-designed experimental device Gas Adsorption and Strain Testing Apparatus system. The influence of the bituminous coal moisture content on gas adsorption characteristics was studied. Drying experiments of coal samples showed that they lose the original moisture content following the exponential decay function of time. At wetting, the saturated moisture content in coal samples increased following the Exponential Association function of time. The experimental results show that the average original moisture content and average saturated moisture content of raw coal samples are 1.3 and 2.4%, respectively. On this basis, the gas adsorption experiments on samples with different moisture contents under different gas pressures were carried out. With the moisture content increase, the gas adsorption capacity and saturation value decreased and the decrease rate gradually reduced. The single exponential decay function describes the gas adsorption capacity dependence on moisture content. Moisture content also affects the adsorption deformation of bituminous coal. At high moisture content, the adsorption deformation of bituminous coal is less.
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37

Normah, M. N., Saraswathy D. Ramiya, and Mainah Gintangga. "Desiccation sensitivity of recalcitrant seeds—a study on tropical fruit species." Seed Science Research 7, no. 2 (June 1997): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500003512.

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AbstractMangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.), rambai (Baccaurea motleyana Muell.- Arg.) and jelentik (Baccaurea polyneura Hook. f.) are tropical fruit species believed to have recalcitrant seeds. The seeds showed no dormancy; they germinated easily. At harvest, the mean moisture contents (fresh weight basis) were 53.54, 51.20 and 44.90% for G. mangostana, B. motleyana and B. polyneura, respectively. G. mangostana seeds lost viability when their moisture content fell to about 24% while B. motleyana seeds lost viability below 35.5% moisture content. However, for B. polyneura, the seeds could be dried to low moisture content with high survival. The viability was still high when the moisture content was reduced to 13.46%. At this moisture content, the percentage germination was 91.76% and it was found that the seeds survived cyopreservation with 8.3% viability. For B. motleyana axes, the loss of viability occurred when their moisture content fell to about 36% (15% viability with predominantly callus formation) while for B. polyneura axes, viability was reduced to 33-67% when the moisture was 27–30%. At various moisture contents, the seeds of the fruit species studied were exposed for 48 h to 7°C and −4°C. G. mangostana seeds did not survive either temperature. Baccaurea seeds survived 7°C but failed to survive −4°C. No axes from B. motleyana seeds at various moisture contents survived cryopreservation. However, some viability (20–30%) was observed in B. polyneura axes cryopreserved at a moisture content of about 27%. At this moisture content no normal growth was obtained; callus formation was observed. It appears that the seeds vary in the degree of desiccation sensitivity. They also vary in size. Seeds of G. mangostana are larger than Baccaurea seeds and thus, more sensitive to desiccation. Seed and embryonic axis structure may also play a role in desiccation sensitivity.
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Lv, Gao, Jie Yang, Ning Li, Dexiu Hu, Yan Zhang, and Feng Zhao. "Dielectric Characteristics of Unsaturated Loess and the Safety Detection of the Road Subgrade Based on GPR." Journal of Sensors 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5185460.

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We present a moisture content and permittivity model to simultaneously detect and estimate defects in loess subgrade. Based on the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) method, the dielectric properties of loess in the northwest of China and the imaging feature of the moisture content of different strata were studied. The relative permittivity of loess with different moisture contents was experimented in the laboratory. It was found that the relative permittivity of unsaturated loess was positively related to moisture content. The relationship between relative permittivity and moisture content in different antenna frequencies of GPR was analyzed. Electromagnetic wave reflection rules in the loess interface were studied using the numerical method with different moisture contents. With the increase in moisture content, the amplitude of GPR was increased. When the above conclusions were applied in the engineering practices, there are good effects to detect the defects of the road subgrade. It is a significant guidance for determining the qualitative research of defects in the roadbed.
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39

THOMAS, J. B., P. J. CLARKE, and G. B. SCHAALJE. "USE OF SPIKE MOISTURE CONTENT AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO KERNEL MOISTURE CONTENT AND DAYS TO RIPE IN THE MEASUREMENT OF RELATIVE MATURITY IN SPRING WHEAT." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 70, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps90-012.

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This study was undertaken to determine if the spike moisture content of ripening spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) could provide an accurate measure of kernel moisture content and whether spike moisture content could also substitute for days to ripe in evaluating the relative maturity of spring wheat cultivars. Starting with a large, unreplicated observation nursery, 65 plots were selected to represent a wide range in relative maturity and all parts of the nursery. Spike moisture content and kernel moisture content were determined for each plot as the earliest plots approached a kernel moisture content of about 20% while the latest were at about 50%. Joint analysis of these two variables (regression analysis and other procedures) showed that across this wide range of relative maturity, moisture contents of entire spikes gave virtually the same result as did a measurement of the moisture content of the kernels. This was true for wheats both with and without awns. In replicated cultivar trials, spike moisture content as the earliest cultivars approached maturity had similar normalized errors and was as closely correlated with yield as was days to ripe. Spike moisture content therefore appears suitable for use in the evaluation of relative maturity of different wheat cultivars.Key words: Kernel moisture, maturity, earliness, yield
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40

ElGamal, R., G. ElMasry, and F. Firtha. "Physico-mechanical properties of rough rice grain under different moisture conditions." Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences 8, no. 1 (December 2012): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/progress.8.2012.3.

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This study was carried out to evaluate some physical and mechanical properties of three Hungarian rice varieties named Dáma, Janka and M488 under different moisture levels to be a useful data for modelling the moisture changes in rough rice storage bins. Rough rice grains were conditioned to moisture contents of 12, 18, 24, and 30% (w.b.). Five mechanical expressions named rupture force (Fr), maximum stress (σmax), grain deformation (D), energy (E) and toughness (T) were extracted from stress–strain curve for all tested varieties as a function of moisture content. Also, some physical properties such as bulk density, true density, porosity and some morphological features of grain were determined as a function of moisture content for tested rough rice grain. The results revealed that the measured physical and mechanical properties are significantly effected by moisture contents for the three tested rice varieties. In general, when the moisture content increased, the rupture force and maximum stress decreased for all investigated grains. However, the deformation, energy and toughness firstly decreased with moisture content increase and after that increased with further increase of moisture content for all rice varieties. On the other hand, the bulk density, true density and porosity do not have a specific trend with increasing moisture content. Moreover, there was a significant difference among the selected rice varieties in terms of their bulk density and porosity at the same moisture content range.
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41

Lu, Aihong, Shanchao Hu, Ming Li, Tianzhu Duan, Bing Li, and Xiya Chang. "Impact of Moisture Content on the Dynamic Failure Energy Dissipation Characteristics of Sandstone." Shock and Vibration 2019 (March 27, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6078342.

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Rockburst frequently occurs in deep underground engineering, which poses a threat to safety and causes economic losses. Water injection into surrounding rock masses is an effective method for preventing rockburst, and the moisture content of rocks is significant for assessing the probability of rockburst. However, the majority of studies focus on the relationship between the macromechanical properties of rock masses under static loads and the moisture content of rock masses and seldom explore the impact of moisture variation (under dynamic loads) on the mechanical properties and energy dissipation. In this paper, the mechanical properties and energy dissipation of sandstone with different moisture contents have been experimentally investigated by the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test. The test results indicate that the peak strength, dynamic elastic modulus, and unloading elastic modulus of sandstone in dry conditions are considerably larger than those in moisture conditions, and the three parameters linearly decrease as the moisture content increases from 0% to 2.58%. The distribution law of sandstone fragments with different moisture contents has been investigated by sieving test fragments with different grain sizes of grading sieves. The results show that the percentage of large grain size fragments incrementally decreases, and the percentage of small grain size fragments incrementally increases with moisture contents from 0% to 2.58%. When the moisture content ranges from 2.01%∼2.58%, the fractal dimension linearly increases, which indicates that the higher the moisture content is, the larger the dimension of the broken sandstone is. The calculation results for energy indicate that the sandstone energy attains the peak value with 0% moisture content. When the moisture content ranges from 2.01%∼2.58%, the reflected energy increases, and the transmitted energy and dissipated energy linearly decrease. In addition, the surface energy of the sandstone with different moisture contents has been investigated by converting fragments into spheres with the corresponding size. The results indicate that the smallest surface area of sandstone is obtained in dry conditions, but its surface energy in dry conditions is larger than that in moisture conditions. When the moisture ranges from 0% to 2.58%, due to 3% illite and 2% chlorite clay minerals reacting with different proportions of moisture, the surface areas of sandstone fragments linearly increase and the surface energy of sandstone linearly decreases.
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42

Dooley, James H., Matthew J. Wamsley, and Jason M. Perry. "Moisture Content of Baled Forest and Urban Woody Biomass during Long-term Open Storage." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 34, no. 1 (2018): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.12281.

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Abstract. This article describes how the moisture content of baled woody biomass varied during long-term open-air storage under conditions in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Large rectangular bales of forest and urban biomass were produced beginning in August 2015 and periodically until June 2016. Weights were measured approximately monthly until the entire lot of bales was ground into fuel in December 2016. Because it was impractical to non-destructively obtain moisture content samples during the study, final moisture content was measured from the ground material. Estimated temporal moisture contents were back-calculated from the final dry weight and moisture content of bales. All bales dried considerably during the spring and summer months, achieving a minimum moisture content in the early fall of 15 to 29% (wb). Minimum early fall moisture content had no correlation with the initial moisture content at time of baling. The ending moisture content in December 2016 ranged from 44% to 57% (wb), with a mean moisture content of 53% (wb). Ending moisture content had no correlation with initial moisture content at the time of baling, but appeared to be related to the amount of fine versus coarse woody material in the bales. Bales of forest and urban woody biomass proved to be structurally stable during long-term storage to enable handling and final transport to a centralized grinding location. Keywords: Density, Logging, Baling, Bioenergy, Biofuel, Bundling, Forest operations, Forestry, MC, Seasonality, Transport, Woody biomass.
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43

Han, Biao, Lu Lu, Su-Juan Guo, Wen-Qing Li, and Xiao-Man Xie. "Desiccation sensitivity of wild Castanea mollissima Blume determined by differential scanning calorimetry." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 49, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 975–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v49i4.52513.

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Thermal properties of wild Castanea mollissima seeds embryos with different moisture contents, and the optimal moisture contents for cryopreservation were studied. Seeds of similar size and weight (3.5 ± 0.3g) were put in silica gel at 0 to 7 days, embryo moisture content, viability and thermal properties were measured everyday. The results showed that the onset temperature and the crystallization peak of the mean enthalpy decreased with the decrease of embryo moisture content. Exothermic peak disappeared when the seeds were dried for 4 days, with an embryo moisture content of 0.45 ± 0.15 gH2O/g dw. The unfrozen water content (WCu) was 0.247 gH2O/g dw. The optimal water content was found to be 0.45 ± 0.15 gH2O/g dw, with the survival of 76.2%. Castanea mollissima embryonic axes dehydration needs comprehensive consideration of exothermic peak, unfrozen water content, onset temperature and viability loss.
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44

Kabutey, A., D. Herák, and A. Sedláček. "Behaviour of different moisture contents of Jatropha curcas L. seeds under compression loading." Research in Agricultural Engineering 57, No. 2 (June 27, 2011): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/15/2010-rae.

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A study was conducted to investigate the behaviour of different moisture contents of Jatropha curcas L. seeds under compression loading. To obtain jatropha seeds of different moisture contents ranging from 1% (w.b.) to 37% (w.b.), the seeds were soaked in water and kept in a refrigerator at 5&deg;C for different number of days. Compression devices, namely ZDM 50-2313/56/18, pressing vessel with diameter of 76 mm and a pressing plunger of 90 mm height, were used. The amount of seeds in the pressing vessel was measured as 40 mm with compression force of 98,100 N. The results from the experiment showed that increasing the moisture content of the jatropha seeds influenced the force-deformation characteristic curve, deformation energy, maximum deformation and energy per unit volume. While moisture contents 1% (w.b.) and 10% (w.b.) displayed normal force-deformation characteristic, moisture contents 32% (w.b.) and 37% (w.b.) showed wave-effect characteristic. The R<sup>2</sup> coefficient of determination value of 0.87 obtained from the effect of moisture content on deformation energy and unit volume energy shows that jatropha seeds of moisture content 16% (w.b.) would require minimum energy but high efficiency during compression.
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45

Phonetip, Khamtan, Duangphachan Souvansai, and Benoit Belleville. "Equilibrium moisture content map for Laos." BioResources 17, no. 2 (March 7, 2022): 2428–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.2.2428-2442.

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Providing the equilibrium moisture content values for territories is important for avoiding major problems due to dimensional changes in wooden products. This study evaluated the average equilibrium moisture content values for twelve months (from 1981 to 2020) for Laos and produced an equilibrium moisture content map. A model was used to generate the equilibrium moisture content values based on temperature and relative humidity data obtained from the POWER Data Access Viewer v2.0.0. for 18 provinces (148 districts) based on the geographic coordinates of each district in Laos. The lowest equilibrium moisture content (12% to 13%) values were found in Vientiane Capital City, Vientiane province, Louangprabang, Bokeo, Attapeu, Louang Namtha, Oudomxay, Houaphan, Sayaburi, Savannakhet, Salavan, and Champasak province. The rest of the districts, which had an equilibrium moisture content ranging from 13% to 16%, were mostly found on the eastern part of Laos and a small part of Northern Laos. The monthly swinging average value of the equilibrium moisture content ranged from 10% to 18% across the country. The equilibrium moisture content values for each district in Laos were also defined.
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46

Saleem, Muhammad Farhan, Hania Arif, and Hafiz Haroon Ahmad. "Estimation of relation between moisture content of soil and reflectivity index using GPS signals." Vol 3 Issue 4 3, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 218–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33411/ijist/2021030408.

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The irrigation system throughout the world is affected by the variations in water content due to different soil structure, textures and climate change. The irrigation system supplies sufficient water to the agricultural fields in order to fulfill the prerequisites. The measurement of soil moisture content (62%) is crucial for precision irrigation and sustainable agricultural system. Site specific agricultural system was utilized to overcome all issues related to soil water moisture contents in the paddock. Smart technology was utilized to record GPS signals utilizing the signals reflected on the Earth’s surface. The GPS was utilized to analyze dielectric soil properties and moisture content in proposed areas. The main objective of this study was to determine water content with stimulus soil type, ground cover and compaction on the irrigation system by utilizing the GPS-based techniques. The result indicated positive relation between soil moisture content and the signals reflected on the earth surface. All factors affecting the irrigation system were not related to the reflected signals and did not affect the soil moisture content. The reflectivity was not reduced by ground cover. Whereas, comparative relationship was found between soil moisture content and reflectivity index i.e. soil moisture contents were increased with reflectivity index up to 0.02 %. The results showed that GPS signals system have significant impact on estimation of soil moisture content in precise irrigation system.
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47

Hong, T. D., and R. H. Ellis. "The effect of the initial rate of drying on the subsequent ability of immature seeds of Norway maple (Acer platanoidesL.) to survive rapid desiccation." Seed Science Research 7, no. 1 (March 1997): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500003354.

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AbstractThe viability of Norway maple seeds harvested at mass maturity (57.3% moisture content) was reduced from 100% to only 38% if dried rapidly (at 15% RH and 15°C for 3 days) to 4.7% moisture content. In contrast, slow drying for 32 days (the optimum duration of several investigated) to 29.9% moisture content enabled 93% of the seeds to survive subsequent rapid desiccation to 3.5% moisture content. This is similar to the 95% viability shown by seeds harvested 40 days after mass maturity and then dried rapidly to 4.4% moisture content. However, fruits or seeds harvested at mass maturity and then held moist for 21 days also showed 94 and 91% viability after subsequent rapid desiccation to 3.8 and 3.3% moisture content, respectively. Thus a post-ovule-abscission programme is required before Norway maple seeds are able to tolerate rapid enforced desiccation to low moisture contents, but loss in moisture during this period is not essential to the development of desiccation tolerance.
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48

Rusinek, R., and J. Łukaszuk. "Influence of moisture content on pressure ratio of rape seeds." Research in Agricultural Engineering 50, No. 1 (February 8, 2012): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4920-rae.

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The pressure ratio of rape seeds was determined for four levels of moisture content in a model silo. The silo was 0.6&nbsp;m in diameter and 0.6 m high. Ratio of horizontal to vertical pressure and distributions of local horizontal to vertical pressure along the radius of the floor in the model silo were determined for cycles of loading and unloading simulated conditions observed in a silo (in a range of 0&ndash;13 kPa). The sample was poured into the model silo through centrally located spout, without vibration or other compacting actions. The pressure ratio rape seeds generally decreased with an increase in moisture content. Experimental results were compared with simplified approximation recommended by the Eurocode 1 (2003) and theoretical values obtained for active and passive stress case.
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49

Basati, Zahra, Ezzatollah Askari Asli- Ardeh, and Vali Rasooli-Sharabiani. "Effect of moisture content on terminal velocity of lentil grain." Research in Agricultural Engineering 65, No. 1 (April 12, 2019): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/92/2017-rae.

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One of the aerodynamic characteristics of lentil is its terminal velocity. In order to determinate the terminal velocity, was designed a vertical wind tunnel. It was fabricated based on existing methods and standards. For decreasing the non-uniformity of airflow in the vertical wind column, was used a honey comb test area with 5 mesh screens. So, a wind tunnel nozzle was designed and fabricated using Morel method with the aim of increasing airflow rate and decreasing losses due to mesh screens. The height and section area of tunnel were 1.425 m and 0.1 × 0.1 m2, respectively. The pressure loss values were calculated at different parts of tunnel and then, the required power of tunnel was determined. In this study, lentil grains of Kimia and Gachsaran varieties were separated at three groups based on their size (small, medium and large). Then, the terminal velocity was measured at 5 levels of moisture content (8, 12, 16, 20 and 24% (w.b.)) for each group. The results showed that Kimia and Gachsaran variety had the highest (7.204 m·s–1) and the lowest (6.987 m·s–1) terminal velocity, respectively. The mean value of terminal velocity increased linearly from 6.751 to 7.396 m·s–1 by increasing the moisture content from 8 to 24% (w.b.). Also, by increasing the grains dimension from small to large, the terminal velocity increased from 6.345 to 7.792 m·s–1.
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Ellis, R. H., and T. D. Hong. "Seed longevity – moisture content relationships in hermetic and open storage." Seed Science and Technology 35, no. 2 (July 1, 2007): 423–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2007.35.2.17.

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