Academic literature on the topic 'MOG antibodies, neurofilament light chain, MOGAD'

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Journal articles on the topic "MOG antibodies, neurofilament light chain, MOGAD"

1

S, Mariotto, Farinazzo A, Monaco S, Gajofatto A, Zanusso G, Schanda K, Capra R, et al. "Serum Neurofilament Light Chain in NMOSD and Related Disorders: Comparison According to Aquaporin-4 and Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibodies Status." Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical 3, no. 4 (November 22, 2017): 205521731774309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055217317743098.

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Background Neurofilament light chain (NF-L) levels reflect axonal damage in different conditions, including demyelinating disorders. Objectives We aimed to compare serum NF-L levels in patients with aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-Ab), myelin oligodendrocyte antibodies (MOG-Ab) and seronegative cases with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and related disorders. Methods We analysed AQP4-Ab and MOG-Ab with cell-based assay and NF-L with ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Results Median NF-L levels were increased in 25 AQP4-Ab-positive patients (59 pg/ml) as compared with 22 MOG-Ab-positive cases (25 pg/ml), 52 seronegative patients (18 pg/ml), 25 multiple sclerosis patients (12 pg/ml) and 14 healthy controls (12 pg/ml). Conclusions Increased serum levels of NF-L in patients with AQP4-Ab or MOG-Ab might reflect an ongoing axonal damage and a more malignant disease course.
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2

Kim, Hyunjin, Eun-Jae Lee, Seungmi Kim, Lyn-Kyung Choi, Keonwoo Kim, Hye Weon Kim, Kwang-Kuk Kim, and Young-Min Lim. "Serum biomarkers in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody–associated disease." Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation 7, no. 3 (March 17, 2020): e708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxi.0000000000000708.

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ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that the pattern of serum biomarkers of disease activity and disability in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody–associated disease (MOGAD) will be different from those in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with anti–aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-Abs).MethodsUsing ultrasensitive single-molecule array assays, we measured neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and tau in the sera of consecutive patients with MOGAD (n = 16) and NMOSD with AQP4-Ab (n = 33). Serum biomarker levels were compared between patients in relapse and remission states, and correlations between the levels of these biomarkers and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores were analyzed within each group.ResultsIn the MOGAD group, the serum tau level was higher in a relapse state than in a remission state (relapse vs remission: 0.5 [0.4–0.5] vs 0.2 [0.1–0.3] pg/mL, p = 0.027). Both serum levels of NfL and tau correlated with the EDSS score (NfL: r = 0.684, p = 0.003; tau: r = 0.524, p = 0.045). Meanwhile, in the NMOSD group, serum NfL and GFAP levels were higher in a relapse state than in a remission state (relapse vs remission: NfL, 34.8 [12.2–62.3] vs 13.0 [11.3–20.0] pg/mL, p = 0.010; GFAP, 253.8 [150.6–303.0] vs 104.4 [93.9–127.9] pg/mL, p = 0.016). Only the serum GFAP level correlated with the EDSS score (r = 0.485, p = 0.012).ConclusionThe pattern of serum biomarkers of disease activity and disability in MOGAD showed a distinct feature from those in NMOSD with AQP4-Ab, which implicates different pathogeneses between the 2 diseases.
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3

Dinoto, Alessandro, Elia Sechi, Eoin P. Flanagan, Sergio Ferrari, Paolo Solla, Sara Mariotto, and John J. Chen. "Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Associated Disease." Frontiers in Neurology 13 (March 23, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.866824.

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The term neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) describes a group of clinical-MRI syndromes characterized by longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, optic neuritis, brainstem dysfunction and/or, less commonly, encephalopathy. About 80% of patients harbor antibodies directed against the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG), expressed on astrocytes, which was found to be both a biomarker and a pathogenic cause of NMOSD. More recently, antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG), have been found to be a biomarker of a different entity, termed MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), which has overlapping, but different pathogenesis, clinical features, treatment response, and prognosis when compared to AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD. Despite important refinements in the accuracy of AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG testing assays, a small proportion of patients with NMOSD still remain negative for both antibodies and are called “seronegative” NMOSD. Whilst major advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions, biomarkers that could help predict the risk of relapses, disease activity, and prognosis are still lacking. In this context, a number of serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers are emerging as potentially useful in clinical practice for diagnostic and treatment purposes. These include antibody titers, cytokine profiles, complement factors, and markers of neuronal (e.g., neurofilament light chain) or astroglial (e.g., glial fibrillary acidic protein) damage. The aim of this review is to summarize current evidence regarding the role of emerging diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in patients with NMOSD and MOGAD.
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Hyun, Jae-Won, So Yeon Kim, Yeseul Kim, Na Young Park, Ki Hoon Kim, Su-Hyun Kim, and Ho Jin Kim. "Absence of attack-independent neuroaxonal injury in MOG antibody-associated disease: Longitudinal assessment of serum neurofilament light chain." Multiple Sclerosis Journal, December 30, 2021, 135245852110637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13524585211063756.

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To evaluate the occurrence of attack-independent neuroaxonal and astrocytic damage in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) levels were longitudinally measured in 102 sera using a single-molecule array assay. Sera from 15 adults with relapsing MOGAD with available longitudinal samples for the median 24-month follow-up and 26 age-/sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed. sNfL levels were significantly elevated in all clinical attacks, where the levels decreased below or close to cut-off value within 6 months after attacks. sNfL levels were consistently low during inter-attack periods. In contrast, sGFAP levels did not increase in most clinical attacks and remained low during follow-up. Significant neuroaxonal damage was observed at clinical attacks, while attack-independent neuroaxonal and astrocytic injury was absent in MOGAD.
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5

Simone, Marta, Claudia Palazzo, Mariangela Mastrapasqua, Luca Bollo, Francesco Pompamea, Alessandra Gabellone, Lucia Marzulli, et al. "Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels and Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibodies in Pediatric Acquired Demyelinating Syndromes." Frontiers in Neurology 12 (November 11, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.754518.

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Introduction: The relationship between serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab) status has not been yet investigated in children with the acquired demyelinating syndrome (ADS).Objective and Methods: The sNfL levels and MOG-Abs were measured by ultrasensitive single-molecule array and cell-based assay in a cohort of 37 children with ADS and negativity for serum anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibodies. The sNfL levels were compared in MOG-Ab+/MOG-Ab– and in two subgroups MOG-Ab+ with/without encephalopathy.Results: About 40% ADS resulted in MOG-Ab+. MOG-Ab+ were younger at sampling (median = 9.8; range = 2.17–17.5 vs. 14.7/9–17; p = 0.002) with lower frequency of cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal bands positivity (27% vs. 70%; p = 0.013) compared to MOG-Ab–. About 53% of MOG-Ab+ presented encephalopathy at onset, 1/22 of MOG-Ab– (p = 0.0006). Higher sNfL levels (p = 0.0001) were found in MOG-Ab+ (median/range = 11.11/6.8–1,129) and MOG-Ab– (median/range = 11.6/4.3–788) compared to age-matched controls (median/range = 2.98/1–4.53), without significant difference. MOG-Ab+ with encephalopathy resulted significantly younger at sampling (median/range: 4.5/2.17–11.17 vs. 14.16/9.8–17.5; p = 0.004), had higher sNfL levels (median/range:75.24/9.1–1,129 vs. 10.22/6.83–50.53; p = 0.04), and showed a trend for higher MOG-Ab titer (0.28/0.04–0.69 vs. 0.05/0.04–0.28; p = 0.1) in comparison to those without encephalopathy.Discussion: We confirmed high sNfL levels in pediatric ADS independently from the MOG-Ab status. Encephalopathy at onset is associated more frequently with MOG Ab+ children with higher sNfL levels and MOG titer. These findings suggest a role of acute demyelination in association with axonal damage in the pathogenesis of encephalopathy in pediatric ADS.
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6

Wendel, Eva-Maria, Annikki Bertolini, Lampros Kousoulos, Markus Rauchenzauner, Kathrin Schanda, Andreas Wegener-Panzer, Matthias Baumann, Markus Reindl, Markus Otto, and Kevin Rostásy. "Serum neurofilament light-chain levels in children with monophasic myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disease, multiple sclerosis, and other acquired demyelinating syndrome." Multiple Sclerosis Journal, March 14, 2022, 135245852210810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13524585221081090.

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Objective: To assess the diagnostic and prognostic potential of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) in children with first acquired demyelinating syndrome (ADS). Methods: We selected 129 children with first ADS including 19 children with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-antibody associated disease (MOGAD), 36 MOG/AQP4-seronegative ADS, and 74 with multiple sclerosis (MS) from the BIOMARKER study cohort. All children had a complete set of clinical, radiological, laboratory data and serum for NfL measurement using a highly sensitive digital ELISA (SIMOA). A control group of 35 children with non-inflammatory neurological diseases was included. sNfL levels were compared across patient groups according to clinical, laboratory, neuroradiological features and outcome after 2 years. Results: sNfL levels were significantly increased in MOGAD, seronegative ADS and MS compared to controls ( p-value < 0.001), in particular in children with an acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)-like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pattern ( p < 0.001) or longitudinally extensive myelitis ( p < 0.01). In pediatric MS, elevated sNfL levels were significantly associated with higher numbers of cerebral ( p < 0.001) and presence of spinal ( p < 0.05) MRI lesions at baseline and predicted a higher number of relapses ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: sNfL levels are significantly elevated in all three studied pediatric ADS subtypes indicating neuroaxonal injury. In pediatric MS high levels of sNfL are associated with risk factors for disease progression.
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