Relevant bibliographies by topics / Modulation

Academic literature on the topic 'Modulation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Modulation"

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Bean, Bruce P. "Modulating Modulation." Journal of General Physiology 115, no. 3 (February 14, 2000): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.115.3.273.

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Bin Zhang, Bin Zhang, Shiyu Liu Shiyu Liu, Xianzhu Tang Xianzhu Tang, and and Jian'gang Lu and Jian'gang Lu. "Adaptive modulation system for liquid crystal phase modulator." Chinese Optics Letters 14, no. 9 (2016): 090604–90607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201614.090604.

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Campo-Valera, María, and Ivan Felis. "Underwater Acoustic Communication for The Marine Environment’s Monitoring." Proceedings 42, no. 1 (November 14, 2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-6-06642.

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Within the possibilities of non-linear acoustics, the parametric effect offers a range of acoustic applications that are currently being exploited in different areas. In underwater acoustics, environmental monitoring and security are one of the applications that can benefit from these technologies, allowing the transmission of information in a directivity controlled and efficient manner. An essential aspect for the optimal functioning of these technologies is the choice of the modulation that best suits the needs of communication. In the present work, different modulation techniques are explained, through their non-linear propagation, that allows generating the signals to be propagated. Among the modulations presented in this work, we have Amplitude Modulation (AM), Continuous Phase Frequency Shift Keying (CPFSK), and Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) modulations normally used in communications. These modulations are performed with a modulating signal (sine and sine-sweeps type) whose non-linear demodulation determines the shape of the 1 and 0 bits, through the transmission of a bit string. With all this, comparisons are made between each technique, to obtain a more precise detection and discrimination of the bits.
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Tanyi, Gregory Beti, Miao Sun, Christina Lim, and Ranjith Rajasekharan Unnithan. "Design of an On-Chip Plasmonic Modulator Based on Hybrid Orthogonal Junctions Using Vanadium Dioxide." Nanomaterials 11, no. 10 (September 26, 2021): 2507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11102507.

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We present the design of a plasmonic modulator based on hybrid orthogonal silver junctions using vanadium dioxide as the modulating material on a silicon-on-insulator. The modulator has an ultra-compact footprint of 1.8 μm × 1 μm with a 100 nm × 100 nm modulating section based on the hybrid orthogonal geometry. The modulator takes advantage of the large change in the refractive index of vanadium dioxide during its phase transition to achieve a high modulation depth of 46.89 dB/μm. The simulated device has potential applications in the development of next generation high frequency photonic modulators for optical communications which require nanometer scale footprints, large modulation depth and small insertion losses.
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Stenson, Trevor H., and Mark S. Peppler. "Osmolarity affects Bvg-mediated virulence regulation by Bordetella pertussis." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 53, no. 9 (September 2007): 1053–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w07-071.

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Bordetella pertussis dramatically alters its phenotype by sensing its environment via the BvgAS regulatory system. Increased concentrations of specific chemicals are used in vitro to induce modulation of the bacterium from the Bvg+virulent phenotype to a fully Bvg–phenotype. Varied expression of sets of Bvg-regulated molecules depends on the modulating capacity of the environment. We examined the effect of a number of chemicals on the modulating capacity of B. pertussis growth media, both alone and in combination with known modulators. It was demonstrated that under certain conditions the Bvg-intermediate protein, BipA, is coexpressed with the Bvg–antigen, VraA. This demonstrates that the patterns of molecules expressed in the different phenotypes of B. pertussis are more fluid than has previously been demonstrated. The in vitro modulator, sulfate, was found to be a relatively inefficient modulator of our Tohama I-derived B. pertussis strain. However, addition of nicotinic acid, MgCl2, or sucrose in combination with relatively low sulfate concentrations resulted in effective modulation. This suggests that multiple signals may affect modulation through the BvgAS system or possibly through other regulatory networks. In addition, the cooperative modulating effect of sucrose implicates osmolarity as an environmental stimulus that affects phenotypic modulation.
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Yang, D., J. C. Canit, and E. Gaignebet. "Photoelastic modulator: polarization modulation and phase modulation." Journal of Optics 26, no. 4 (July 1995): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0150-536x/26/4/002.

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Shetty, Mamtha. "Design of BPSK Modulator Using VHDL." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 13, no. 12 (October 23, 2014): 5247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v13i12.5276.

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Binary Phase Shift Keying represents the simulation results of binary digital modulation schemes. Here for BASK and BPSK modulation techniques use FPGA algorithm. If multiplier block is used for multiplication bit stream with carrier signal, used time will rises. In addition using multiplier block obtained simulation results were analyzed and compared to other simulation results. Source consumptions of FPGA-based BASK modulation technique and BPSK modulation technique were compared. Also, for different modulation algorithm, source consumptions of BASK and BPSK modulation technique were analyzed using VHDL. Designed modulators using VHSIC (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit) Hardware Description Language (VHDL) was realized on high speed FPGA (Field Program Programmable Gate Array). Because for used modulation technique data rate transfer is fairly important in wireless communication systems. The highest speed data rate transfer can be realized using fiber optic cables. In addition, BER (Bit Error Rate) of BASK and BPSK modulator was compared using MATLAB simulation program. Binary data rate is same for BPSK and BASK. BPSK and BASK modulations were designed on FPGA using VHDL hardware description language.
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Chandra, Dikky, Fauzi Aditia Rahmat, Siska Aulia, Firdaus -, and Andre Febrian Kasmar. "Effect of Modulation on Throughput of 4G LTE Network Frequency 1800 MHz." International Journal of Advanced Science Computing and Engineering 5, no. 1 (April 10, 2023): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.62527/ijasce.5.1.121.

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In the development of 4G LTE technology, network speed (Throughput) in several regions has increased or decreased. Network speed (Throughput) certainly cannot be separated from Modulation. In modulation there are several kinds of modulation schemes, be it QPSK modulation, 16 QAM modulation, and 64 QAM modulation. The modulation scheme is instrumental in increasing throughput. Based on several previous studies, they only check the Throughput parameters without doing a more in-depth analysis of the modulation scheme which also plays a very important role in network speed (Throughput). For this reason, it is necessary to carry out an analysis related to the effect of modulation on the throughput value. To find out the effect of modulation on throughput, it is necessary to take data in the field, the method used is the Drive Test method. Based on the results of the Drive Test, QPSK modulation has a Throughput value of 5.247.4 Kbps, modulation of 16 QAM has a Throughput value of 27.293.9 Kbps and modulation of 64 QAM has a Throughput value of 65.275.1 Kbps. Based on the data in the field and in terms of calculations, the modulation that most affects the throughput value is the modulation of 64 QAM. Modulating 64 QAM having 64 symbols where each symbol consists of 6 bits will make the data rate at throughput higher. This also applies to the use of modulation of 16 QAM (16 symbols with 4 bits) and QPSK (4 symbols with 2 bits).
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Zheng, Ningxuan, Wenliang Liu, Jizhou Wu, Yuqing Li, Vladimir Sovkov, and Jie Ma. "Parametric Excitation of Ultracold Sodium Atoms in an Optical Dipole Trap." Photonics 9, no. 7 (June 22, 2022): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9070442.

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Parametric modulation is an effective tool to measure the trap frequency and investigate the atom dynamics in an optical dipole trap or lattices. Herein, we report on experimental research of parametric resonances in an optical dipole trap. By modulating the trapping potential, we have measured the atomic loss dependence on the frequency of the parametric modulations. The resonance loss spectra and the evolution of atom populations at the resonant frequency have been demonstrated and compared under three modulation waveforms (sine, triangle and square waves). A phenomenological theoretical simulation has been performed and shown good accordance with the observed resonance loss spectra and the evolution of atom populations. The theoretical analysis can be easily extended to a complex waveform modulation and reproduce enough of the experiments.
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Ozaki, Kouta, Keita Kikuchi, Guangtao Zhu, Kohei Noda, Yuguo Yao, Yuangang Lu, Rajan Jha, Heeyoung Lee, and Yosuke Mizuno. "Noise mechanism clarification in external-modulation Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry with double-sideband modulator." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 63, no. 7 (July 1, 2024): 070904. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ad5f6c.

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Abstract Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry (BOCDR) allows for relatively high spatial resolution and random accessibility with single-end light injection into the sensing fiber. Typically, BOCDR relies on directly modulating the laser diode’s driving current, which facilitates sinusoidal frequency modulation for distributed sensing but also introduces unintended power modulation that can degrade performance. To address these power variations, external-modulation BOCDR using a double-sideband modulator has been developed. However, this method generates substantial noise, overpowering the Brillouin signal and impeding accurate strain and temperature measurements. This study clarifies the previously unexplained noise mechanisms and suggests system design optimizations to mitigate their impact.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Modulation"

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Cevik, Gozde. "Feature Based Modulation Recognition For Intrapulse Modulations." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607676/index.pdf.

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In this thesis study, a new method for automatic recognition of intrapulse modulations has been proposed. This new method deals the problem of modulation recognition with a feature-based approach. The features used to recognize the modulation type are Instantaneous Frequency, Instantaneous Bandwidth, Amplitude Modulation Depth, Box Dimension and Information Dimension. Instantaneous Bandwidth and Instantaneous Frequency features are extracted via Autoregressive Spectrum Modeling. Amplitude Modulation Depth is used to express the depth of amplitude change on the signal. The other features, Box Dimension and Information Dimension, are extracted using Fractal Theory in order to classify the modulations on signals depending on their shapes. A modulation database is used in association with Fractal Theory to decide on the modulation type of the analyzed signal, by means of a distance metric among fractal dimensions. Utilizing these features in a hierarchical flow, the new modulation recognition method is achieved. The proposed method has been tested for various intrapulse modulation types. It has been observed that the method has acceptably good performance even for low SNR cases and for signals with small PW.
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LING, LAI-CHANG. "PHOTOEMITTER MEMBRANE SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATOR (SIGNAL PROCESSING, PHASE MODULATION)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183921.

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Advantages of optics over electronics in signal processing derive from the fact that many operations, such as addition, multiplication, correlation, and filtering, can be performed in parallel on two-dimensional data samples. However, this advantage is attainable only if information can be input/output or processed at sufficient speed and space bandwidth. Although acousto-optic devices have been used to provide impressive throughput, they are inherently one-dimensional and do not possess any information-storage capability beyond the acoustic transit time (≤50 μs). Hence, a high-resolution high-speed two-dimensional transducer (or spatial light modulator, SLM) with real-time update capability is required. Unfortunately, none of the existing SLMs perform well enough to fully utilize the inherent speed and parallelism of the optics. This dissertation addresses the development of an SLM that has the potential to meet most of the performance requirements of advanced optical information-processing applications--the photoemitter membrane light modulator (PEMLM). At the heart of the PEMLM is a microchannel plate (MCP) with a flexible membrane covering each pore. In operation, the write image incident on a photocathode, which is placed on the input side of the MCP, creates an electron image. This electron image is then amplified by the MCP and deposited onto the membrane array. The membrane elements, which are electrically and mechanically isolated from each other, are deflected by the induced electrostatic forces. These deflections represent the stored information. Readout of stored information is accomplished by sensing the phase changes induced in an optical-readout beam reflected from the deformed membrane array. A sandwich-type electrostatic grid structure positioned between the MCP and membrane greatly enhances the versatility of the PEMLM by facilitating the use of secondary emission for active electron removal and various intrinsic operations. The theoretical analysis and experimental characterizations performed on prototype devices indicates that PEMLM is capable of higher throughput than most other SLMs, with expected resolutions approaching 50 lp/mm over 10⁷ resolution elements and framing rates greater than 1 KHz. MCP gains provides quantum-limited sensitivity. The PEMLM also promises information-storage times of minutes to hours, greater than 2π phase modulation, good image quality, and an option for serial addressing. In addition, the PEMLM can intrinsically perform operations such as intensity thresholding, contrast modification, edge enhancement, binary logic, synchronous detection, and image addition/subtraction.
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Chafii, Marwa. "Etude d'une nouvelle forme d'onde multiporteuses à PAPR réduit." Thesis, CentraleSupélec, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SUPL0008/document.

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L’OFDM est une technique de modulation multiporteuses largement utilisée dans des applications de communications filaires et sans-fils comme le DVB-T/T2, le Wifi, et la 4G, grâce à sa robustesse contre les canaux sélectifs en fréquence en comparaison avec la modulation monoporteuse. Cependant, le signal OFDM souffre de grandes variations d’amplitude. Les fluctuations de l’enveloppe du signal OFDM génèrent des distorsions non-linéaires quand on introduit le signal dans un équipement non-linéaire comme l’amplificateur de puissance. Réduire les variations du signal améliore le rendement de l’amplificateur, réduit la consommation énergétique et diminue les émissions de CO2 des transmissions numériques.Le PAPR (rapport de la puissance crête sur la puissance moyenne) est une variable aléatoire qui a été introduite pour mesurer les variations du signal. Il existe plusieurs systèmes multiporteuses basés sur différentes bases de modulation et filtres de mise en forme. Nous prouvons d’abord dans ces travaux que le PAPR dépend de cette structure de modulation. Ensuite, nous étudions le comportement du PAPR vis-à-vis des formes d’ondes utilisées dans la modulation. Le problème de réduction du PAPR est ainsi formulé en un problème d’optimisation. Par ailleurs, une condition nécessaire pour construire des formes d’ondes avec un meilleur PAPR que l’OFDM est développée. Cette condition est notamment satisfaite par des bases en ondelettes. Enfin, une nouvelle forme d’onde en paquets d’ondelettes adaptative est proposée, permettant des gains significatifs en PAPR, tout en maintenant les avantages des modulations multiporteuses
OFDM is a multicarrier modulation system widely used in wireline and wireless applications such as DVB-T/T2, Wifi, and 4G, due to its resilience against frequency selective channels compared with the single carrier modulation systems. However, the OFDM signal suffers from large amplitude variations. The fluctuations of the OFDM envelope generate non-linear distortions when we introduce the signal into a non-linear device like the power amplifier. Reducing the variations of the signal improves the power amplifier efficiency, reduces the energy consumption and decreases CO2 emissions.The peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) has been introduced as a random variable that measures the power variations of the signal. There exist several multicarrier modulation systems based on different modulation basis and shaping filters. We first prove in this work that the PAPR depends on this modulation structure. Moreover, the behaviour of the PAPR regarding to the modulation waveforms is analysed and the PAPR reduction problem is formulated as an optimization problem. Furthermore, a necessary condition for designing waveforms with better PAPR than OFDM is developed. This necessary condition is particularly satisfied by wavelet basis. Finally, a new adaptive wavelet packet waveform is proposed, allowing significant gain in terms of PAPR, while keeping the advantages of multicarrier modulations
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Bhatranand, Apichai. "Electrooptic light modulator with improved response linearity using optical feedback." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2750.

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The use of optical feedback for improving response linearity of electrooptic light modulators has been investigated. The modulator is configured as a straight channel waveguide flanked by electrodes in a lithium niobate (LiNbO3) substrate. Light is coupled into the waveguide in both TE and TM polarizations, and a voltage applied across electrodes causes a relative phase shift between two polarization components. An output analyzer converts the phase modulation to intensity modulation. Optical feedback of light in both polarization modes results from reflection of light at the polished edges of the substrate. Channel waveguides supporting a single guided mode for TE and TM polarizations were fabricated in x-cut LiNbO3 substrates using titanium-indiffusion technique. The waveguides and modulators were characterized at a wavelength of 1.55 ??m using a distributed feedback laser. The modulators were driven with a sinusoidal voltage waveform. To minimize harmonics of the modulating frequency in the intensity output, the magnitude of the optical feedback and the substrate temperature were adjusted. The feedback level was altered by applying refractive index-matching liquid to one or both ends of the waveguide at the edges of the crystal. It was found that a high degree of response linearity in the presence of feedback was achievable at certain substrate temperatures. The spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) relative to the noise floor was measured at different feedback levels and substrate temperatures in an effort to maximize the modulator response linearity. An SFDR of 68.04 dB, limited by third-order nonlinearity, was achieved by applying index-matching fluid to the input end of the substrate. This compares with an SFDR of 64.84 dB limited by second-order nonlinearity when index-matching fluid was applied at both ends of the substrate. By changing the temperature of the same substrate to adjust the phase shifts experienced by TE and TM polarizations, the SFDR with index-matching fluid at the input end increased to 71.83 dB, limited by third-order nonlinearity. In tests at constant modulation depth, an improvement of as much as 9.6 dB in SFDR vs. the theoretical value for an interferometric modulator without feedback was achieved.
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Almgren, Björn. "Dynamic load modulation." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Technology and Built Environment, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-702.

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The purpose of this master thesis was to study if the drain efficiency of power amplifiers can be maintained at power back off using a technique called load modulation.

The amplifier classes studied are E, F and D-1. The target figure was to obtain a 10 to 12 dB dynamic range of amplitude with reasonable efficiency. Studies of power amplifiers have been made to understand how power is generated. Several different load modulation networks have been evaluated. Attempts to derive design equations for the modulation networks have also been done.

The thesis work was carried out with simulations in ADS 2006. As active devices commercially available bare-die transistor models have been used. The power rating of the dies are 15 W.

A dynamic range of amplitude of over 15 dB has been achieved with drain efficiency greater than 60 percent. The peak output power is in the 40 – 45 dBm range.

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Erdem, Erem. "Digital Modulation Recognition." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611281/index.pdf.

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In this thesis work, automatic recognition algorithms for digital modulated signals are surveyed. Feature extraction and classification algorithm stages are the main parts of a modulation recognition system. Performance of the modulation recognition system mainly depends on the prior knowledge of some of the signal parameters, selection of the key features and classification algorithm selection. Unfortunately, most of the features require some of the signal parameters such as carrier frequency, pulse shape, time of arrival, initial phase, symbol rate, signal to noise ratio, to be known or to be extracted. Thus, in this thesis, features which do not require prior knowledge of the signal parameters, such as the number of the peaks in the envelope histogram and the locations of these peaks, the number of peaks in the frequency histogram, higher order moments of the signal are considered. Particularly, symbol rate and signal to noise ratio estimation methods are surveyed. A method based on the cyclostationarity analysis is used for symbol rate estimation and a method based on the eigenvector decomposition is used for the estimation of signal to noise ratio. Also, estimated signal to noise ratio is used to improve the performance of the classification algorithm. Two methods are proposed for modulation recognition: 1) Decision tree based method 2) Bayesian based classification method A method to estimate the symbol rate and carrier frequency offset of minimum-shift keying (MSK) signal is also investigated.
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Torres, Wade Patrick. "Generalized frequency modulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8697.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-128).
In frequency modulation (FM) systems, a continuous-time information signal is modulated onto a sinusoidal carrier wave by using the information signal to modulate the frequency of the carrier wave. In this thesis, a more general type of modulation is developed, of which FM is a special case, that we refer to as rate modulation. A rate modulation system consists of a dynamical system whose rate of evolution is varied in proportion to an information signal. The rate-modulated carrier wave is a scalar function of the state variables of the modulator. The thesis is focused on three aspects of rate modulation and demodulation systems. First, explicit expressions are derived for the power density spectrum of the rate modulated carrier wave for sinusoidal modulation. Second, a systematic procedure is derived for constructing demodulators. This procedure requires that the dynamical system used in the modulator has a known exponentially convergent observer. Assuming such an observer is known, a systematic procedure for constructing demodulators is given that depends on the underlying dynamical system in a simple manner. Finally, the quasi-moment neglect closure technique is used to approximate the signal-to-noise ratio when the carrier wave is corrupted by additive white-noise.
by Wade P. Torres.
Ph.D.
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Tong, Jun. "Superposition coded modulation /." access full-text access abstract and table of contents, 2009. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/thesis.pl?phd-ee-b23750455f.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2009.
"Submitted to Department of Electronic Engineering in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Includes bibliographical references (leaves [142]-152)
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Chakraborty, Arup Lal. "Calibration-free wavelength modulation spectroscopy with elimination of residual amplitude modulation." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=14437.

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Bouchard, Jean-Luc. "La modulation agogique : définition, typologie et analogie avec la modulation tonale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25071/25071.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Modulation"

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Connor, Frank R. Modulation. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87811-3.

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Bényi, Árpád, and Kasso A. Okoudjou. Modulation Spaces. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0332-1.

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Klostermeyer, Rüdiger. Digitale Modulation. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-89549-3.

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Kraftmakher, Yaakov. Modulation Calorimetry. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08814-2.

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L, Fields Howard, and Besson Jean-Marie R, eds. Pain modulation. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1988.

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Hollmann, Henk D. L. Modulation codes. [Netherlands: Philips Electronics N.V.?], 1996.

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Kühn, Clemens. MODULATION KOMPAKT. Kassel, Germany: Bärenreiter-Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7618-7271-0.

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Mesleh, Raed, and Abdelhamid Alhassi. Space Modulation Techniques. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119375692.

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Zhu, Zhechen, and Asoke K. Nandi. Automatic Modulation Classification. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118906507.

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Wolf, Jack Keil, Robert J. McEliece, John Proakis, and William H. Tranter, eds. Coded Modulation Systems. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b100498.

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Book chapters on the topic "Modulation"

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Connor, Frank R. "Einleitung." In Modulation, 1–6. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87811-3_1.

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Connor, Frank R. "Amplitudenmodulation." In Modulation, 7–28. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87811-3_2.

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Connor, Frank R. "Frequenzmodulation." In Modulation, 29–46. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87811-3_3.

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Connor, Frank R. "Phasenmodulation." In Modulation, 47–53. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87811-3_4.

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Connor, Frank R. "Pulsmodulation." In Modulation, 54–88. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87811-3_5.

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Connor, Frank R. "Demodulation." In Modulation, 89–120. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87811-3_6.

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Semenov, Sergei. "Modulation." In Modulation and Coding Techniques in Wireless Communications, 21–82. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470976777.ch2.

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Meyer, Martin, and Otto Mildenberger. "Modulation." In Kommunikationstechnik, 153–247. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-93894-7_3.

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Meyer, Martin. "Modulation." In Kommunikationstechnik, 153–247. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-93950-0_3.

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Werner, Martin. "Modulation." In Nachrichtentechnik, 72–103. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-94326-2_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Modulation"

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Wang, L. G., H. Riris, C. B. Carlisle, and T. F. Gallagher. "Two-tone frequency modulation with GaAIAs lasers." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1987.wn3.

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Frequency modulation (FM) spectroscopy was first demonstrated by Bjorklund1 in the visible region using a ring dye laser. The basic scheme of FM spectroscopy calls for phase modulation of the laser beam either by an external electrooptic modulator or in the case of diode lasers by modulating directly the injection current. The requirement of modulating the laser at high frequencies (several gigahertz), so that the spectral feature of interest can be probed by a single Fourier component of the laser power spectrum, introduces the need for high-speed detectors which are not always available commercially and have small and damage-sensitive surfaces.
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2

Wu, Hwai-Chung. "Active Wave Modulation for Bond Evaluation." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33487.

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Many recent studies have indicated that externally bonded Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) composite sheets can be used effectively to strengthen concrete structures. Composite action suggests that the individual parts of a composite work together as one. Stresses must be transferred from one constituent to the other through some interface. If there is little or no bond at the interface then there is little or no transfer of stress and therefore poor composite action. In this study, we intend to develop a NDE tool for evaluating such interfacial bond conditions. Attention is placed on an innovative active modulation approach, Nonlinear Wave Modulation Spectroscopy. In this procedure, a probe wave will be passed through the system. Simultaneously, a second, modulating wave will be applied to the system to agitate the state of damage in the materials. The resulting frequency modulations will be analyzed, and will be correlated to the presence of the interfacial flaws between a FRP thin sheet and concrete substrate.
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3

Tanyi, Gregory, Christina Lim, and Ranjith R. Unnithan. "Design of an on-chip Vanadium Dioxide driven Plasmonic Modulator Based on Hybrid Orthogonal Junctions on Silicon-on-Insulator." In CLEO: Fundamental Science. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_fs.2023.fw4c.3.

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We present a plasmonic modulator using a hybrid orthogonal coupling geometry with vanadium dioxide as the modulation material on a silicon-on-insulator platform. The presented device is compact with a nanoscale modulating area and takes advantage of the first order insulator to metal transition of vanadium dioxide to achieve a high modulation depth of 46.89dB/μm. The device has applications in integrated high speed communications systems which require a high modulation depth as well as small device sizes.
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Tam, Eddy C., Shaomin Zhou, Don A. Gregory, and James C. Kirsch. "Phase/amplitude spatial light modulators using 90° twisted nematic liquid crystal devices." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.fv5.

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One of the obstacles in real-time holography as well as in optical information processing is the lack of a real-time addressable spatial light modulator that can display a complex function with both amplitude and phase information. In this paper, we describe a novel method that uses two identical 90° twisted nematic liquid crystal displays to implement a continuous phase/amplitude level spatial light modulator. Phase and polarization modulation properties of the twisted nematic liquid crystal cell is due to the modulation of the tilt and the molecules in the vertical direction along the liquid crystal cell structure and the twist in the horizontal plane, respectively. By aligning the incident light to be perpendicular to the front director of the liquid crystal molecules, and inserting an analyzer (in the same direction as the incident light) immediately after the first liquid crystal cell, amplitude-only modulation can be achieved. The light amplitude coming from the first cell is then parallel to the molecular director of the second cell, and phase-only modulation can be achieved by limiting the applied voltage to be below the polarization modulation threshold. The combined modulator is then capable of modulating both amplitude and phase parameters independently by two identical spatial light modulators.
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Mankong, Ukrit, Praimezt Mekbungwan, Keizo Inagaki, Atsushi Kanno, and Tetsuya Kawanishi. "Vector modulation using EA modulator." In 2017 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2017.8118915.

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Katayama, Tomoya, Ikuo Oka, and Shingo Ata. "Modulation identification by general orthogonal modulations." In 2008 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/atc.2008.4760507.

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7

Hudson, T. D., D. J. Lanteigne, and J. V. Reardon. "Spatial light modulator optimization by phase locked write beam chopping." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.tus4.

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An interesting effect has been observed in a ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator (SLM). Used in transmission mode, with continuous read and write light illumination, the modulated read beam contains two modulations, one produced by the write beam intensity variation and the other produced by the electrical waveform used to drive the SLM. When a chopper is placed in the write beam and the chopping frequency is varied, yet another modulation of the read beam is observed. This modulation affects the contrast and resolution of the SLM, producing an output that sinusoidally varies between best contrast and resolution and no contrast or resolution. This modulation is due to synchronization of the frequency and phase of the electrical waveform driving the SLM. Results of an ongoing study of this effect and a theoretical model of the effect will be presented.
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8

Kwapisz, J., I. Roudas, and E. Fink. "Error probability of Mode Vector Modulation optically-preamplified direct-detection receivers." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2022.sm4j.1.

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Mode Vector Modulation (MVM) is a spatial, multidimensional modulation format for short-haul, optical interconnects. We evaluate the back-to-back performance of optically-preamplified MVM direct-detection receivers and prove that MVM is superior to conventional binary modulations.
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Deng, Hong, and Wim Bogaerts. "Configurable Modulator for Pure Phase Modulation." In 2019 Photonics North (PN). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pn.2019.8819529.

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Padmaraju, Kishore, Noam Ophir, Sasikanth Manipatruni, Carl B. Poitras, Michal Lipson, and Keren Bergman. "DPSK Modulation Using a Microring Modulator." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2011.ctun4.

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Reports on the topic "Modulation"

1

Wang, Shaobu, Renke Huang, Zhenyu Huang, and Ruisheng Diao. Decoupled Modulation Control. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1427929.

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2

Rosse, C. Modulation of lymphopoiesis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5894122.

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Rosse, C. Modulation of lymphopoiesis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5790958.

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4

Benedetto, S., L. Kazovsky, and P. Poggiolini. Minimum Polarization Modulation: A Highly Bandwidth Efficient Coherent Optical Modulation Scheme. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada247556.

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5

Hughes, David H., Reinhard Erdman, and Vladimir Nikulin. Investigating Quantum Modulation States. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1005881.

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6

Hanna, Thomas E. Modulation-Rate Perception: Identification and Discrimination of Modulation Rate Using a Noise Carrier. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada207078.

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7

Lerman, Zafra, and Geof Goldbogen. Hippocampal Modulation of Associative Learning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada258251.

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Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna, D. N. Zakharov, K. M. Yu, III Ager, Walukiewicz J. W., Haller W., Lu E. E., Schaff H., and W. J. Compositional Modulation in InxGa1-xN. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada513536.

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9

Rothenberg, J. SSD with generalized phase modulation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/237412.

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10

Marvel, Lisa M., Malcolm S. Taylor, Charles G. Boncelet, and Jr. Piecewise Linear Noise Modulation (PLNM). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada393329.

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