Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modulateur I'
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Prades, Jérémie. "Conception d’un modulateur électro-optique Mach Zehnder 100 Gbits/s NRZ sur silicium." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0205/document.
Full textThe sustained development of software applications including mass storage, intensive computing and broadband communication, motivates the emergence of novel communication technologies. On one hand, communications through metallic interconnections approach their inherent limitations in term of energy, area and cost per bit. On the other hand, conventional hybrid photonics, based on discrete 2D/3D photonic assemblies of III-V photonic devices, cannot be integrated. The rising silicon photonic technology, thanks to its high level of integration, overcomes the shortcomings of the two previous approaches and promises a low cost solution allowing close proximity integration of photonics with electronics.The design of a very high data rate electro-optic modulator on silicon is reported in this thesis manuscript. In a first section, the state of the art of optic systems is presented with a focus on the main technological challenges limiting performances. Then, a silicon based topology is introduced to achieve a 100 Gbs Mach Zehnder modulator. It was implemented with the STMicroelectronics PIC25G technology. The driver of this modulator was designed with the 55 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology of the same founder. The demonstrator introduced in this work offer a 100 Gbs data rate with an NRZ modulation on a single optical channel. For this configuration, this prototype provides a data rate beyond the state of the art (for a single optical transmission path) with an energy per bit of 80 pJ/bit
Mallart, Emmanuel. "Modulateur acoustooptique de lumière blanche adapté à la vidéoprojection grand écran." Valenciennes, 1989. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/67649b4c-ab99-4a6c-926d-9e0c90f32b3e.
Full textAbraham, Alexis. "Développement de modulateurs optiques sur silicium à faible consommation énergétique pour les prochaines générations d'interconnexions optiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS338/document.
Full textWith the outstanding development of the internet, it is expected that global network traffic will grow exponentially, as well as the concern about the need for high-speed links and interconnections. To address these issues, it is then essential to propose performant systems that will support high speed transmission with low power consumption. Silicon photonics is a promising solution and integrate complex optical functions in a silicon chip, by using standard fabrication process used in microelectronic. In this context, the subject of my PhD is focused on the optical modulator which should support high speed transmission, have low optical losses, and have low power consumption. To obtain these constraints, several parameters need to be optimized while taking account fabrication constraints in order to find the best compromise between the different figures of merit. During this PhD, the improvement of the performances of the component was made by three different ways. The first optimization is related to the simulations for the current technology of modulators based on PN junctions. By integrating the fabrication process in the optimization process, more reliable numerical results are obtain. The key point of this study is the comparison of experimental characterizations and numerical simulations of two architectures of modulator. A substantial part of the PhD was also focused on the development of new modulators based on vertical capacitive junctions. The use of dedicated numerical tools reveals several key aspects of these components, and allow us to optimize two different architectures in order to obtain high efficient modulator. A new fabrication process has been established, and several information were extracted from the first run of fabrication. Then, a comparative study between most of modulators reviewed during this PhD was performed. The results allow us to determine which configuration has the best performances depending of the targeted application. In addition, a compact model was generated to optimize the component in a reduced simulation time
Le, Gall Stephen. "Peau active pour le camouflage dans le visible et l'infrarouge utilisant les cristaux liquides cholestériques." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IMTA0097.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to achieve an active skin for the camouflage of a land vehicle based on cholesteric liquid crystal technology. After analysis of the environment, a texture is applied on the LCDs to reduce the visual and thermal signature of the vehicle. The work consisted of proposing a trichrome liquid crystal device to obtain the colorimetry defined by the specifications. The problems of temperature resistance, specular reflection, gray scale, reflectivity levels, reduction of applied voltages were discussed during this thesis. The proposed technology enabled to realization of a demonstrator on a remote controlledrobot that was presented at Eurosatory 2018 on the stand of the Ministry of the Armed Forces. Work has also been started on the development of optical modulators in the infrared, based on cholesteric liquid crystals, in order to modulate the reflectivity and thus to be able to limit the thermal signature of the vehicle. Several tracks have been tested and proposed
Gendre, Luc. "Conception et réalisation d'un polarimètre de Stokes haute cadence à division temporelle utilisant un unique modulateur à cristaux liquides ferroélectriques pour moduler la polarisation." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713656.
Full textGemayel, Pierre. "Optique adaptative par modulateur spatial de lumière en microscopie et holographie." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MULH9294/document.
Full textSince the 50s, recovering the phase information of a diffracted beam has a major interest in several fields such as microscopy, astronomy and many others. Generally, the solutions fall into two broad categories: interferometric methods and iterative methods based on beam propagation. The advantage of the latter is that they are less sensitive to noise, and their experimental implementation is simpler. Also, the progress in computer technologies as well in digital imaging devices makes the application of this approach easier and more interesting. However, even if the effectiveness of these methods has been demonstrated in several fields, their use remained limited because of certain requirements on the experimental conditions and the non-convergence of their algorithm to a single solution in many cases. This is even more true for the so-called "complex objects", having an amplitude and a phase, which can greatly reduce their field of application. To overcome the convergence problems and improve the robustness of these methods, many experimental strategies have been employed. They are all based on the same principle, which consists of introducing new well-known constraints in the object plane. This increases the number of acquired spectrum, and therefore diversifies the sources of information about the starting object, which will help the iterative algorithm to converge more quickly towards the final solution. As examples of such experimental strategies, one can record several spectra from different areas of the object, or modulate the wavelength of the incident beam, or also acquire the spectrums across two or more parallel planes connected through Fresnel or Fourier transform.In this context, the present work aims to experimentally demonstrate a technique known as SSPR (Spread Spectrum Phase Retrieval), proposed in 2007 by Zhang, while modifying it in order to make it more flexible. The idea is to introduce, using a liquid crystal spatial light modulator M strong phase modulation into the object field, then record in the Fourier plane the M corresponding spectrums. These M acquisitions will then be used in an iterative algorithm what will allow us to recover the object wavefront by simulating the propagation of the light between spatial and frequency spaces. The first part of this thesis includes a complete study on spatial light modulators; in order to select which one will be best suited for our application. Once liquid crystal spatial light modulators are selected, we present their technical characteristics, as well as the calibration tests needed to ensure their linear and optimal functioning. Then we show several possible applications with this type of component, in various scientific fields, like holography, microscopy, adaptive optics and interferometric methods to reconstruct the phase of a beam.In the second part, we focus our work around the SSPR iterative method. We will show how to make the application of this method simpler by using a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, and by working in Fourier plane instead of Fresnel plane. However, after applying SSPR we have noticed that the quality of experimental results is very inferior to the quality of simulation results. Therefore, a detailed study of the noise sources is conducted. Each of these noise sources adds its own contribution, yet modulator cross-talk remains the factor that deteriorates the most the quality of reconstruction. In fact liquid crystal spatial light modulators are known to have a strong cross-talk between their pixels commonly recognized as fringing field effect. As the pixels are micrometric, each addressed one affects its neighbors, and thus, the phase retardation obtained from a pixel will not be uniform over its entire surface. This will result in a blurring effect of the desired sharp edge between the pixels; therefore, the real displayed phase map will be very different from the addressed one. [...]
Peigné, Arnaud. "Holographie adaptative pour la réalisation de capteurs à fibres optiques de très grande sensibilité : application à la détection d’ondes acoustiques sous-marines." Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE4005/document.
Full textFiber optic sensors are a key technology for future developments with a large field of applications ranging from structure health monitoring to medical applications. Due to its high compactness, its electromagnetic immunity and the low transmission losses in the telecom window, optical fibers are very promising for underwater acoustic waves detection. We present a method relying on adaptive holographic interferometry based on two beam coupling in an optically addressed spatial light modulator (OASLM). This method allows filtering the slow phase perturbations coming from the environment directly on the sensing optical fiber. In this work, we will first introduce the OASLM operating at 1,55 μm that we have manufactured and the realization of an adaptive holographic interferometer based on this component. Moreover, we will show that it is possible to associate this demodulation method with a multimode optical fiber to reach a better sensitivity. Finally, we will focus on sensors architectures to evaluate the benefit of this technology compared to conventional techniques
Sinquin, Jean-Christophe. "Analyse de surface d'onde infrarouge par modulateur acousto-optique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37618580c.
Full textRasigade, Gilles. "Modulateur optique haute-fréquence sur subtrat silicium-sur-isolant." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112158.
Full textThe silicon photonics has emerged as the key area of research for optical telecommunication with the objective of developing an integrated transceiver fully-compatible with the available CMOS technology. In this context, the work of my thesis is focused on the structure of the optical modulator, integrated on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate and for applications working at the bitrates of 10 and 40 Gbit/s. Its active structure is based on the carrier depletion obtained in a reverse biased junction and leads to an intensity modulation at the output of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The optimization of the structure produced an optical modulator design which exhibits a VpLp product of 1,7 V. Cm. Insertion loss as low as 3dB and a -3 dB cut off frequency of 35 GHz. The light and RF copropagation has been studied as well and has validated the operation of the component at the bitrate of 40 Gbit/s. A CMOS technological process has been established and chips have been fabricated at CEA/LETI then characterized at IEF. Finally, this work has led to the design of a silicon optical modulator with characteristics compatible with 40 Gbit/s applications, as well as general result for the optimization of this component. Its integration with laser sources and photo detectors will lead is the future to the emergence of silicon photonics for integrating optical telecommunication
Baril, Alexandre. "Prototype d'éclairage intelligent aux DELs avec un modulateur lumineux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27580.
Full textSince the massive invasion of LED lighting over the illumination market, a clear trend of need appeared for a more efficient and targeted lighting. The project leads this trend by developing an evaluation board to test smart lighting applications with a new liquid crystal light modulator recently developed for broadening LED light beams. These modulator are controlled by electricals signals and they are characterised by a very linear working zone. This feature allows the implementation of a closed loop control with a sensor feedback. We show that the use of computer vision is a promising opportunity for closed loop control. The developed evaluation board integrates the liquid crystal modulator, a camera, a LED light source and all the required electronics to implement a closed loop control with a computer vision algorithm.
Emboras, Alexandros. "Intégration en technologie CMOS d'un modulateur plasmonique à effet de champ CMOS Integration of a field effect plasmonic modulator." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00848107.
Full textPommarede, Xavier. "Circuits photoniques intégrés III-V/Si pour les applications en télécommunications optiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC020/document.
Full textIn order to follow the new needs in terms of optical bandwidth, optical fiber communications require the elaboration of numerous building blocks: laser, modulator, photo-detector...and their integration with signal processing circuits. This thesis has for objective the conception and caracterisation of various active and passive building blocks using the hybrid III-V/Si technology. These building blocks are then used in photonic integrated circuits (PIC) with all the necessary emission and reception functions. This enables a reduced footprint, a lower power consumption and fabrication cost.After an introduction section, several passive elements are studied in detail in the second part: waveguides, bends, power splitters, waveguide crossings and hybrid 90°. All these designs present good performances compatible with their integration in PICsThe third part treats the problem of wavelength (de)-multiplexing. Three types of device were studied: a demultiplexer based on ring resonators, echelle gratings and arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG). For the echelle gratings, state-of-the-art performances were demonstrated, first on a sample with 16 channels separated 100GHz and on the other hand a sample with 4 channels separated 20nm with a flettened profile. A simulation method for the AWG was presented with experimental and theoretical results to support the method.The last part is about "active" devices and the integration of all the previous designs in PICs. The studied active components are the lasers, semi-conductor optical amplifiers (SOA), electro-absorption modulators (EAM) and finally silicon PN junctions used as phase modulators. Two generations of a tunable laser integrated with an EAM were studied with a transmission at 10Gbit/s over 50km. The next section studied I/Q modulators with an integrated tunable laser source, using either PN silicon junction modulators or EAM with a target speed of 25Gbaud/s.A general conclusion is drawn at the end of the thesis. Short term and mid-term perspectives were also drawn
Khushk, Hasham Ahmed. "Modulateur ΣΔ passe-haut et application dans la réception multistandards." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00006055.
Full textPerségol, Dominique. "Réalisation d'un modulateur électrooptique utilisant l'excitation résonnante des modes guides." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37617533m.
Full textMaine, Sylvain. "Conception d'un modulateur optique ultra-rapide dans la filière silicium." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112235.
Full textOn-chip optical interconnects are an alternative to solve the limitations of metallic interconnects in the next generations of CMOS integrated circuits. The goal of this work is to realize fast optical modulators integrated in Silicon On Insulator waveguides. The studied structure is based on a stack of silicon-germanium and silicon layers included in a PIN diode. The application of a reverse polarisation on the diode depletes the holes initially confined in SiGe wells and creates a variation of the effective index of the guided mode. The optimization of the structure, using coupled electronic and optical simulations, leads to the establishment of a compromise between important effective index variations, low optical losses (=3,3 dB/mm) and high working frequencies (>10GHz). Three interferometers are studied to transform the effective index variation into intensity modulation: Mach-Zehnder interferometers, Fabry-Perot cavities and ring resonators. Theoretical studies of t hese interferometers are validated by experimental measurements. All these studies lead to the definition of the technological steps necessary to fabricate efficient integrated modulators. This work is a step toward the realization of a complete optical link integrated with CMOS electronics
Sainte-Rose, Frédéric. "Modulateur acousto-optique à puits quantiques : étude théorique et expérimentale." Valenciennes, 2001. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/f54ffb6f-490e-4edc-9dc7-ec92d0f5ce84.
Full textWe present a new asymmetric Fabry-Perot acousto-opto-electronic multi-quantum-well modulator structure for optical telecommunications. We elaborated a complete numerical method to analyse the optical reflection coefficient variations produced by various surface acoustic wave powers. We took into account excitonic effect, quantum confined stark effect, strain effect, and the electrical field induced by this SAW. We determined the strain field, as well as the electrical field accompanying the wave using Laguerre polynomial method. Electronic states were calculated by the finite elements method taking account electronic parameter modifications induced by deformations. The complex refractive index was determined from wave functions and energy levels. The overall optical reflection coefficient of the multi-layered modulator is given. The experimental study by photoreflectance shows the validity of our model and the feasibility of such structures
Bahlak, Samia. "Contribution à l'étude d'un modulateur acousto-optique à puits quantiques." Valenciennes, 1997. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/a93e0d34-1079-4e51-b081-345993233dd1.
Full textChaib, Draa Fouzya. "Réalisation et étude d'un modulateur acoustooptique multilignes de lumière blanche." Valenciennes, 1990. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/27ff5f75-39c4-45c7-addb-2eb0895e650f.
Full textVu, Thi Nhung. "Composants optoélectroniques à faible consommation en III-V sur silicium." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS172/document.
Full textSilicon photonics is considered as a promising solution to replace electrical interconnections in the next years. Among the remaining challenges, the driving power of the active devices has to be minimized. Furthermore the use of a common technological platform for the realization of Silicon (Si) photonics passive and active devices would present a great interest in term of fabrication complexity and cost. III-V on Si is a good candidate for such a common technological platform as the physical properties of III-V semiconductors allow for active functionalities such as III-V on Si laser which have already been successfully demonstrated. In this perspective, 2D photonic crystals (PhCs) and slow light structures, which are known to intrinsically reinforce light/matter interactioncan alsobring interesting opportunities.In this context, the work is focused on the design, fabrication and characterization of slow-light III-V- on-silicon electroabsorption modulators. In a first part, the photonic crystal structure and light coupling from silicon waveguide to slowlight III-V waveguide are designed and modeled. The performance of the optimized structure is analyzed, showing a modulator operating at 15 GHz and exhibiting an extinction ratio of more than 5 dB over a spectral range of more than 10 nm, using a 18.75 µ;m-long modulator. Subsequently, the masks and fabrication steps for a hybrid III-V photonic crystalon Si modulators are presented. Finally, the experimental results obtained during this thesis are presented, showing Quantum Confined Stark Effect and photodetection in the waveguide integrated structures.The reported works open perspective towards the integrating of optical modulators with III-V on silicon nanolasers and photodetectors using a single technology
Douix, Maurin. "Etude de l'intégration d'un composant capacitif pour la modulation haut débit et basse consommation dans une plateforme photonique sur silicium." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS127/document.
Full textGlobal datacenter data exchange is exponentially growing and silicon photonics is the key answer, thanks to high production volume, at low cost and high yield. Today, energy consumption is a new challenge highlighted by network densification. Capacitive modulators address a specific reduction of the power dedicated to the photonic circuit emitter for light intensity modulation. Design and integration of capacitive modulators are carried out during this thesis. It consists of inserting a dielectric insulator within the optical waveguide center, in order to shape a capacitance with a silicon/ oxide/poly-silicon stack in accumulation regime. A first device is made up of an horizontal insulator stacked between the semiconductors. A second device type comprises a vertical insulator in the center of a slot rib waveguide. The first fabrication release demonstrates device feasibility within STMicroelectronics industrial platform. Characterization results of the first device type from C2N, CEA-LETI and STMicroelectronics evaluate the trade-offs between efficiency - featured by capacitive modulators - insertion losses and bandwidth. 3 dB/mm insertion losses are measured, including 0.5 dB/mm poly-silicon absorption only. 2 dB extinction ratio through 700 µm is evaluated on a 10 Gb/s eye diagram, thanks to a VpLp =5.5 V.mm at 15 nm oxide thickness (1.2 pF/mm). Capacitive modulator power consumption is eventually optimized for 1 pJ/bit at 0.9 Vpp
Kowlgi, Srinivasan Sandeep. "Etude des émetteurs radiofréquences multistandards destinés aux stations de base GSM/WCDMA/LTE." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0018/document.
Full textContemporary telecommunication Base-Stations for GSM/EDGE, WCDMA/HSPA and LTE are increasingly complex and energy intensive. The favoured solution is a truly multi-standard transmitter known as a single Radio Access Network (single-RAN). Modern base station transmitters are often multi-standard, in that they can support different air-interface standards or modes. However, this is achieved not through concurrent operation of the different standards or 'modes', but by means of reconfiguration, which is inefficient and expensive. We envision a practical, fully multi-mode transmitter capable of simultaneously supporting GSM/EDGE, WCDMA/HSPA and LTE carriers. The evolution of 3GPP standards towards multi-mode operation is in the nascent stage. To contribute to this effort, our work revisits the architecture of the traditional macro-cell Base-Station transmitter in order to analyse and define performance requirements for a multi-standard cellular radio platform. Our system analysis and design also identifies a potential bottleneck in the proposed multi-mode chain, for which analysis is presented. Consequently and lastly, we propose the conceptual design of a variable-gain Analog Quadrature Modulator that bypasses the bottleneck, highlighting scope for future development and validation of this work. This work also brings forth some system-level issues and also highlights challenges in the operation of multi-standard Base-Stations. Some of these include multi-mode signal crest-factor reduction, carrier-to-carrier interference mitigation, per-carrier power-control, etc
Remiens, Denis. "Etude et réalisation d'un modulateur électro-optique sur arseniure de gallium." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376007020.
Full textMallart, Emmanuel. "Modulateur acoustooptique de lumière blanche adapté à la vidéoprojection grand écran." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615627g.
Full textCourjal, Nadège. "Modulateur linbo3 à faible chirp par inversion de domaine ferro-électrique." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA2061.
Full textWe propose a new Z-cut zero-chirp LiNbO3 modulator for long-haul telecommunication systems. LiNbO3 Mach-Zehnder modulators have known an increasing interest, because their small chirp parameter makes them suitable for DWDM Systems. Z-cut LiNbO3 modulators can provide both a large bandwidth and a low driving voltage, which makes them particularly promising. But Z-cut devices exhibit a non-zero chirp parameter that cannot be easily settled unless they are designed with a dual drive topology. We report a new Z-cut modulator scheme, which can yield a zero chirp modulation, with only one RF input. In fact, we show that ferroelectric domain inversion combined with phase reversal electrodes can enable a fixed chirp parameter. First, we describe the layout. The proposed modulator is detailed in a second section. A third section is devoted to the optimisation of transmission lines. Methods of characterizations are presented in the fourth section. Finally, experimental results are exposed
Faucard, Raphaêl. "Caractérisation pharmacologique et fonctionnelle du site histamine, modulateur du récepteur NMDA." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA11TO40.
Full textRemiens, Denis. "Etude et réalisation d'un modulateur électro-optique sur arséniure de gallium." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10129.
Full textMarris-Morini, Delphine. "Conception et réalisation d'un modulateur de lumière intégré en microphotonique silicium." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112184.
Full textThis work deals with the design and the realization of fast optical modulators, integrated in Silicon On Insulator (SOI) waveguides. In silicon, free-carrier density variation is the physical effect that leads to the largest refractive index variation. The studied modulator is based on free carrier depletion in a silicon-germanium/silicon multilayer structure, included in a PIN diode. A reverse bias applied to the diode depletes holes from SiGe wells, and creates a variation of the guided mode effective index. This effective index variation has been experimentally measured. Electrical and electromagnetic simulations have been used to calculate the structure performances, and to optimize the structure for the integration in a rib waveguide. The intrinsic response time has been calculated. The influence of optical losses in contact areas has been evaluated. To obtain intensity light modulation, interferometric structures have been compared. All the studies presented have lead to the design of efficient integrated modulator, taking into account technological constraint due to the waveguide geometry
Perségol, Dominique. "Réalisation d'un modulateur électro-optique utilisant l'excitation résonnante des modes guidés." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0022.
Full textRouard-Talbot, Laurence. "Etude transcriptionnelle et fonctionnelle de CMAR : un modulateur des interactions cellulaires." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10033.
Full textKabalan, Ali. "Etude de systèmes radio sur fibre pour des applications de réseaux domestiques en bande millimétrique." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1013/document.
Full textThe growth continually demand of higher data rates in recent decades, supported by the deployment of optical networks allowing a flow of the order of several Gbit/s naturally leads to application development interest on 60 GHz local networks. Standards such as IEEE IEEE 802.15.3c and 802.11ad for millimeter-band wireless transmission have been proposed. At such frequencies, the free space loss is very high and the radio waves do not penetrate walls. The radio over fiber links (RoF), used as optical link from one room to another and enable the distribution of high-speed signals throughout the home or throughout the building, overcoming the failure for low distance free space propagation. Access, by modeling the electrical equivalent of each component of the system considered circuits, simulation of the RoF systems enables optimization of the system in terms of transmission quality. Thus, the optical and electrical characteristics of components of RoF systems are studied and analyzed together which offers the possibility of designing integrated photonic-RF circuits. This thesis concerns the study and simulation of RoF links using electrical equivalent circuits of photonic components. This study is intended for wireless applications at 60 GHz of bandwidth for a high transmission rate. The modulation technique of direct or external intensity and direct detection is preferred at an intermediate frequency in order to ensure simplicity and low cost of the system. The radio signal is then transposed onto a carrier in the band 60 GHz. First, to validate the models developed electrical equivalent circuit, the measured characteristics of optoelectronic components are compared with simulation results. Then, the characterization study is conducted to the scale by analysis of analog parameters such as gain, noise and non-linearity. The dynamics of different RoF links can thus be determined. Transmitting OFDM complex digital signal is finally achieved by a method of digital / analog co-simulation. The transmission quality has been studied by evaluation of the magnitude of the error vector (EVM) constellations digital signals. The study is conducted and validated as a first step in accordance with the ECMA-368 standard dedicated to the centimetric band and then spread to the millimeter band from IEEE 802.15.3c standard. Finally, the channel effect in free space at 60 GHz is considered to analyze the transmission end to end
Lùcio, de Sales Damas Pedro Alberto. "Effet Pockels dans les guides d'onde en silicium contraint : Vers la modulation optique à haute vitesse et faible consommation d'énergie dans le silicium." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS178/document.
Full textThis work is devoted to the study of second order nonlinearities in silicon towards low power, high speed modulation. Being a centro-symmetric crystal, silicon does not possess a second order nonlinear susceptibility (X2), which inhibits Pockels effect, a linear electro-optic effect commonly used in the modulation of light in high speed communications. A possible solution to overcome this limitation is by straining/deforming the crystal lattice, which locally breaks the centro-symmetry of the crystal and generates X2.In this thesis, we approach the problem of generating X2 in silicon through the use of strain, covering all the research stages: we depart from newly developed theoretical grounds, simulate together the strain, optical and electrical effects together, describe the fabrication of the devices and present the experimental characterization.In our research work, we were able to detect very particular effects which are attributed to Pockels effect, such as a clear dependence of the crystal orientation on the modulation efficiency and high speed modulation, at frequencies higher than those expected from other contributions. This results are very promising and consist on a step further towards the possible implementation of high speed, low power modulation in silicon devices in the near future
Bouhali, Tarek. "L'adiponectine, un modulateur du risque de maladie coronarienne athérosclérotique dans l'hypercholestérolémie familiale." Thèse, Université Laval, 2006. http://constellation.uqac.ca/468/1/24822437.pdf.
Full textBouhali, Tarek. "L'adiponectine, un modulateur du risque de maladie coronarienne athérosclérotique dans l'hypercholestérolémie familiale /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Ste-Foy : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi. Université Laval, 2006. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textLa p. de t. porte en outre: Mémoire présenté à la faculté des études supérieures de l'Université Laval comme exigence partielle du programme de maîtrise en médecine expérimentale - génétique des populations humaines offert à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi en vertu d'un protocole d'entente avec l'Université Laval pour l'obtention du grade de maître ès sciences (M.Sc.). CaQCU Bibliogr.: f. 63-101. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
Abelard, Clément. "Micro modulateur spatial de lumière transmissif pour modulation de phase et d’amplitude." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT092/document.
Full textLETI possesses an expertise allowing to realize Spatial Light Modulators (SLMs) made in microelectronic technology on silicon, having very high resolutions and very small pixel steps. LETI wishes to use a specific LCD technology (IPS technology), on the one hand the electro-optical performances in the field of micro-display had to be investigated but on the other hand allows to keep costs down and reduce the number of manufacturing steps. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate on the basis of simulations and technical achievements, the performance of a micro-SLM IPS used in phase modulation and amplitude.Our investigations have been carried out on four major areas of study. The first axis is the search and testing of a specific software (LCDMaster) to simulate liquid crystal cells and floating electrodes. The second axis according to different designs of pixel and the different liquid crystal alignment modes (Homogeneous, vertical and twisted) with an IPS type control, to investigate the performances in modulation phase. The best results were obtained for a vertical alignment providing a phase shift of 2π. In addition, the performance of an adaptive optics device integrating the studied SLM has been investigated. The third axis of study focused on the performance investigation of a liquid crystal SLM with an IPS-type control using a homogeneous alignment in amplitude modulation (static and dynamic study). This study also makes it possible to study the possibilities of reducing the response time of the cell. It resulted in two SLM designs. The first design with two levels of electrodes separated by an insulator to reproduce a Faraday type effect. The second has drastically reduced the response time. The fourth area of research consists in testing prototypes based on these two designs to validate the performances obtained in simulation. Concordant results have been obtained and new types of IPS-controlled SLMs with state-of-the-art refreshing times have thus been designated and characterized
Merle, Philippe. "Étude de l'effet modulateur de l'interféron-alpha sur l'oncogenèse hépatique viro-induite." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO1T129.
Full textKhushk, Hasham Ahmed. "Modulateur sigma delta passe-haut et application dans la réception RF multistandards." Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2009. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00006055.
Full textIn this thesis, research has been carried out at various abstraction levels to optimize the High Pass(HP) ∆Σ modulator operation. A top-down approach is adopted to achieve this objective. Beginning with the RF receiver architecture, the newly created Fs/2 receiver is selected for its enhanced compatibility with HP ∆Σ modulator as compared to other state of the art receiver architectures namely zero-IF and low-IF receivers. After the receiver topology, the next level of design i-e ∆Σ modulator architecture is addressed. We propose a new second-order unity-STF architecture which is advantageous over other topologies in terms of complexity and performance. Since the second-order modulator is unable to provide the required performance, the cascaded or MASH structures for HP operation are explored. GMSCL(Generalized Multi-Stage Closed Loop) topology is chosen and a recently proposed technique is applied to linearise the feedback DAC. This technique eliminates the need of Dynamic Element Matching (DEM) and increases the dynamic range of the converter as well. Next, after a thorough comparative analysis, the best HP filter is chosen for this modulator. It has reduced power consumption, surface area and noise. Finally the proposed GMSCL HP architecture is validated in 65nm CMOS process. Much attention is given to the design of operational transconductance amplifier since it is the major building block of high pass filters and is the most power consuming element. The target applications are UMTS with 3. 84MHz conversion band at 80dB dynamic range and WiMAX with 25MHz bandwidth at 52dB dynamic range
Lizoret, Christian. "Modulation électro-optique hyperfréquence pour laser CO2 : modulateur intracavité et optique intégrée." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10154.
Full textChebly, Alain. "L'épigénétique comme modulateur de l'expression de hTERT dans les lymphomes T cutanés." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0321.
Full textCutaneous T-lymphomas (CTCL) are telomerase-positive tumors expressing hTERT, in which neither amplification, nor rearrangement, nor promoter hotspot mutations can explain the re-expression of the gene. As the hTERT promoter is rich in CpG, we investigated the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms in its re-expression, since no studies to date have been reported in CTCL. We analyzed the methylation status of the hTERT promoter in cell lines, patients’ cells and in cells from healthy donors. We also studied the presence, on the hTERT promoter, of histones H3K27ac and H3K27me3. Methylation analyzes in CTCL cells revealed a characteristic methylation profile specific to tumor cells, encompassing a distal hypermethylated region from -650 bp to -150 bp and a proximal hypomethylated region from -150 bp to +150 bp, relatively to the TSS. This dual methylation profile on hTERT promoter is identical to the profile seen in other types of tumors. The hypermethylated distal region identified in CTCL tumor cells corresponds to the region recently named “TERT hypermethylated oncogenic region” (THOR) and which is reported to be associated with telomerase reactivation in several tumors, but so far not reported in lymphomas. We evaluated the effect on THOR of two histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACi), romidepsin and vorinostat, both approved for the treatment of CTCL as well as a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) 5- azacytidine, not approved for CTCL. Our results, obtained from a limited cohort, seem to suggest that 5-azacytidine does not cause a demethylation of the hypermethylated region on hTERT promoter, while this treatment is accompanied by a decrease in the expression of hTERT and, functionally with a decrease in the clonogenic capacities of tumor cells. Romidepsin and vorinostat can slightly modify the H3K27ac and H3K27me3 histone marks present on hTERT promoter. In conclusion, the results obtained in CTCL cells compared with those of healthy cells confirm that hTERT promoter methylation is specific to CTCL cells, making this methylation a biomarker of tumor cells. Furthermore, they reveal that the methylation of hTERT promoter is relatively stable even under the pressure of epigenetic therapies, suggesting that the regulation of hTERT by these therapies can happen indirectly
Jaulin, Albéric. "Imagerie de polarisation haute cadence à l'aide d'un modulateur de lumière à cristaux liquides ferroélectriques." Mulhouse, 2007. https://www.learning-center.uha.fr/opac/resource/imagerie-de-polarisation-haute-cadence-a-laide-dun-modulateur-de-lumiere-a-cristaux-liquides-ferroel/BUS4043663.
Full textWe propose the implementation of an imaging polarimeter prototype using a ferroelectric liquid crystal light modulator. This study lies on the characterization and the optimized control of this modulator to obtain a high speed polarimetric Stokes image at a frame rate higher than 200 Hz. The ferroelectric liquid crystal modulator is first used as a rotating polarization waveplate to obtain images of partial linear degree of polarization. Then, images of total linear degree of polarization can be obtained at the modulator reference wavelength and can be used to observe moving depolarizing objects. Using another wavelength, we can obtain the complete degree of polarization and the Stokes vector of the considered light wave. We implemented a high-speed device for polarization imaging. Prospects of this implementation are observations of other polarization parameters (eg Mueller Matrix) of moving objects
Cordat, Arnaud. "Conception et réalisation d'une structure de multipuits quantiques SiGe/Si pour la modulation optique." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112099.
Full textThis work deals with the study of a silicon based optoelectronic modulator operating at the wavelength of 1,3 microns and built by the use of microelectronic technology processes. An original doping modulated SiGe/Si multiquantum well structure is grown on a "silicon on insulator" substrate. The structure is embedded in a pin junction, so as to control the quantum well hole density by a reverse bias. Optic modulation is achieved by the mean of the refractive index variation versus hole density. As the junction is reverse biased, the device is essentially capacitive, which is part of its originality. First, a multifactor simulation analysis tool was written to study the design of the structure. Then the technological stages have been validated by first run devices. The structure was grown locally by chemical vapour deposition. The germanium and doping profiles are recorded by secondary ion mass spectroscopy. The capacity-voltage measurements performed on the reverse biased junction enables to check the hole depletion process and to evaluate the multiquantum well periodicity. Optic modulation is evidence by measuring the optic transmission variation of the multilayer structure versus the applied bias. This work constitutes the first stage of the realization of optoelectronic modulators based on SiGe/Si multiquantum well structure
Olivier, Jean-Christophe. "Modélisation et Conception d'un Modulateur Auto-Oscillant Adapté à l'Emulation d'Organes de Puissance." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00134615.
Full textThériault, Jimmy. "Clonage et caractérisation de hGMEB1, une nouvelle protéine liant l'élément modulateur des glucocorticoïdes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0019/MQ49050.pdf.
Full textSoulard, Michel. "Etude et réalisation monolithique d'un modulateur bi-phase linéaire à T.E.C. bi-grille." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37610008b.
Full textOlivier, Jean-Christophe. "Modélisation et conception d'un modulateur auto-oscillant adapté à l'émulation d'organes de puissance." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2108.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis talk about the optimization of the structure and the control of power emulating systems, called Actives Loads. In order to display very good dynamic performances as well as a very great robustness, these Active Loads use a Resonant Current Controller (RCC) and a Resonant Voltage Controller (RVC). These processes are self-oscillating regulators and are thus by nature strongly non-linear. Also, for an optimal application of these proceses to the Active Loads, the first point presented in this thesis is the modelization of these regulators and the identification of the possible problems, due to their non-linearities. It is then appeared that synchronization phenomena and switching frequency instability can appear if some conditions are not well respected. The second point of this work is the generalization of these modulation processes to any systems, based on a sliding mode control. So, a new structure of Resonant Voltage Controller is proposed, more efficient for the Active Load applications. The experimental results obtained on an experimental prototype show the very great performances of this new process, thus contributing to the improvement of the quality and the precision of old and new generations of Active Loads
Larchanché, Jean-François. "Etudes pour la réalisation d'un modulateur électro-optique à ondes progressives sur polymères." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-69.pdf.
Full textWorou, Morel Elvis Eyiowawi. "NADPH oxydase et dégénérescence fibreuse de la cardimyopathie hypertensive : rôle modulateur de l'hémine." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR3314/document.
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Jouida, Nejmeddine. "Modulateur sigma-delta complexe passe-bande à temps continu pour la réception multistandard." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR13999/document.
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Houllier, Régis. "Vidéoprojecteur laser haute définition monochrome." Valenciennes, 1987. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/5a2c087e-4de3-44ce-98fe-b0007cd5e5bd.
Full textNguyen, Van Tam. "Modulateur Sigma Delta Passe-Haut et son application au convertisseur Sigma Delta à l'entrelacement temporel." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000929.
Full textTran, Ngoc Phuong Nguyen. "Couplage calcium intracellulaire - vasoréactivité : contrôle du métabolisme énergétique musculaire et rôle modulateur de l'endothélium." Université de Nancy I. UFR Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10337.
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