Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modification du comportement – Psychologie'
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Raymondo, Valérie. "Soumission, dissonance et rationalisation en acte." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10022.
Full textNgo, Mbous Leocadie. "Résistance à la prévention du VIH-SIDA chez les "migrants" en France : le cas de Camerounais." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA084099.
Full textWill UNAID’s goal of “zero HIV/AIDS contamination” be reached by 2015? Two years before the deadline, this aim seems difficult to achieve; especially regarding to France and its 6 000 to 6 500 annual new infections since 2004. Why such stability in incidence rate? Two groups seem to be strongly concerned: homosexuals and migrants. This work is concerned with migrants group. In France, migrants have been greatly involved in the fight against HIV/Aids since 2001. Who are they really? Why are they considered a target group? How does prevention take into account in their trajectory of belonging to two different spaces of cultural references? Of which populations are they made up? Cameroonians, who are one of the components of this group, constitute the matrix of this work that is rooted in the words and sayings of 60 people who make up the sample. Without them, how could we understand the reluctance/resistance to HIV/Aids that touch the most intimate aspect of man, namely love and sex? This research, from what the subjects will say, aims at shedding light to the understanding of the resistance to HIV/Aids. Only two people out of sixty succeeded in building a preventive ideal from the knowledge of their serological status. For others, an emergency action is required. It requires a renewing of the traditional instruments of prevention. An emergency that needs to take into account, in addition to cognitions and affects, the neotenic dimension of persons to rethink an entry to prevention for all those who need it
Bosch, Wilfried. "Faire de la science en faisant du théâtre : une approche de la modification comportementale en art dramatique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080089.
Full textThe present research attempts to question the theater’s aesthetic experience in terms of human behavior and more specifically with regards to its modification. Our investigation unfolds around three methodological approaches articulated herein.The first approach is a field study for which we used a methodology call "descriptive analysis" applied to the behavior modification practices used by three internationally renowned stage directors. In the context of the descriptive analysis we propose a taxonomy of directors’ behaviors and the results allowed us to formulate fact-based hypothesis regarding the causal behavior-environment links (functions) of habitual directive behaviors in the context of aesthetic creation and character construction.The second approach is historical. We found evidence that in the early part of the XXth century, the emergence of behaviorism fed the discourse of theater’s experimental role. One such theater, that Brecht named the theater of the scientific era, had for ultimate vocation no less than to change the world.Finally, the third approach is a textual-dramaturgic analysis for which we used the descriptive analysis tool. In doing so we address the "scientificity" of theater, the symbiosis of an art and a science, via an analysis of William Shakespeare’s "Taming of the Shrew". Concretely, we "observed" the ways the "tamer" modifies the "shrew’s" behaviors
Baracat, Bruno. "Changements liés à l'âge dans les processus de prise de décision. Application de la théorie de la détection du signal chez l'homme adulte." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30255.
Full textBosch, Wilfried. "Faire de la science en faisant du théâtre : une approche de la modification comportementale en art dramatique." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080089.
Full textThe present research attempts to question the theater’s aesthetic experience in terms of human behavior and more specifically with regards to its modification. Our investigation unfolds around three methodological approaches articulated herein.The first approach is a field study for which we used a methodology call "descriptive analysis" applied to the behavior modification practices used by three internationally renowned stage directors. In the context of the descriptive analysis we propose a taxonomy of directors’ behaviors and the results allowed us to formulate fact-based hypothesis regarding the causal behavior-environment links (functions) of habitual directive behaviors in the context of aesthetic creation and character construction.The second approach is historical. We found evidence that in the early part of the XXth century, the emergence of behaviorism fed the discourse of theater’s experimental role. One such theater, that Brecht named the theater of the scientific era, had for ultimate vocation no less than to change the world.Finally, the third approach is a textual-dramaturgic analysis for which we used the descriptive analysis tool. In doing so we address the "scientificity" of theater, the symbiosis of an art and a science, via an analysis of William Shakespeare’s "Taming of the Shrew". Concretely, we "observed" the ways the "tamer" modifies the "shrew’s" behaviors
Guillaumie, Laurence. "Développement, implantation et évaluation d'une intervention de promotion de la consommation de fruits et de légumes dans la population adulte française." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27590/27590_1.pdf.
Full textNadeau, Dominic. "Portrait des habitudes de jeu de patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26872.
Full textThe risk of developing a gambling disorder in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is increasingly documented. A type of drug that control motor symptoms, the dopamine agonist, is one of the main factors related to the development of this disorder. Through a narrative synthesis presented in chapter 3, the neurobiological mechanisms and other related factors are discussed. However, an important finding is clear: the study of gambling habits of these patients is virtually absent. This is surprising since the gambling literature is packed with information to consider in the development of this disorder, such as type of game played, amounts spent, reasons to play and the presence of relatives. The second article aims to address this deficiency by establishing a portrait of their gambling habits. Twenty-five people with PD were recruited and among these, fifteen have gambled in the last six months. The review of their gambling habit reveals that favorite games are lottery and slot machine and they mostly started playing these games before the diagnosis of PD. They are less interested in playing slot machines compared to a sample of players aged over 55 but, in return, this game is the one to which the largest amounts were spent in participants who reported having developed a gambling problem. Participants reported gambling for fun or to make money, but several reasons related to their disease have been identified. These patients did not seek help of caregivers to assist them in the practice of their favorite game. Moreover, these caregivers revealed their ignorance of the participant’s gambling habits. Among all participants met, three of them were at risk gamblers. In addition to playing slot machines, erroneous beliefs and specific motivations to gamble were found among these. The reflection from these results will stimulate research in the study of the psychosocial variables related to the development of gambling problems in these patients.
Kaczmarek, Nicolas. "Différentes voies pour favoriser le changement comportemental." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILH035.
Full textSeveral models emphasize the importance of motivation and volition for promoting behavior change. The original aim of this thesis is to combine some motivational and/or volitional strategies to identify the generated mechanisms and potential moderators, and ultimately to determine how to maximize their effectiveness. Five strategies are considered: mental contrasting, motivational self-determination support, hierarchical goal framing (motivational strategies), approach-avoidance training, and implementation intentions (volitional strategies). The research program is divided into three axes. Axis 1 examines the hypothesis that a difficult and stressful task (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test - Computerized) is better performed, and generates more self-determination (Intrinsic Motivation Inventory) when the goal is framed hierarchically (focus on commitment) or mixed hierarchically-conditionally (focus on commitment and outcome), than conditionally (focus on outcome). The results of frequentist analyses of data from 167 students (Mage = 23.3, SD = 3.7; 54.49% female) do not support the hypothesis. The potential role of the mismatch between spontaneous and assigned goal framing, as well as other motivational factors, is discussed. Axis 2 focuses on the interest of combining approach-avoidance training and implementation intentions to help patients with alcohol use disorders changing an automatic tendency to approach alcohol. Variants of the Approach-Avoidance Task were performed in three conditions: standard training and training with implementation intentions involved systematic avoidance of alcohol, with only the instructions differing (“I move away from alcohol” vs. “If I see alcohol, then I move away from it”); the control condition involves approaching and avoiding alcohol equally. The hypothesis is that training with implementation intentions, and to a lesser extent standard training (vs. control condition), helps to change: approach-avoidance tendencies (Approach-Avoidance Task) at post-test, and alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test - Consumption), dependence (Short Alcohol Dependence Data questionnaire), and biopsychosocial repercussions (Short Inventory of Problems - Revised) at 2-month follow-up. We have validated and published the dependence and repercussions questionnaires in French. In August 2024, 75 patients with alcohol use disorders were recruited (Mage = 47.5, SD = 11.6; 73.33% male); data collection is currently ongoing. Preliminary results from Bayesian analyses provide initial evidence suggesting that training is effective, but that the implementation intentions has no added value. Explanations in terms of the characteristics of the implementation intentions used and the dynamics of change are put forward. A confirmatory report focusing on this study has been accepted by the International Review of Social Psychology. Axis 3 examined the hypothesis of an effectiveness of mental contrast and implementation intentions (vs. control condition) in promoting physical activity (Godin Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire) at 1-month follow-up, and its enhancement by combining them together. It was also hypothesized that mental contrast would act primarily on engagement, while implementation intentions would act primarily on behavioral automaticity (Self-Report Behavioral Automaticity Index). Six hundred insufficiently active adults will be recruited. The results of Bayesian analyses are likely to provide evidence on the effectiveness of the strategies and how they work. A confirmatory report focusing on this study has been accepted by the International Review of Social Psychology
Berriche-Harzallah, Amira. "Stratégies de changement de comportement financier du consommateur : les apports d'un modèle transthéorique orienté approche-évitement." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL12025/document.
Full textIncreasing attention is being given by researchers, practitioners and stakeholders to issues raised by consumers’ financial and budgetary behavior. Models of behavior change can help develop messages and adapted approaches in this area. This research shows that strategies of change used by the consumer are basically approach and avoidance strategies and proposes a model defining the role of decisional balance in using of these strategies. The model also includes individual variables such as attitude towards money and anxiety level that may have influenced the adoption of these strategies. This model is applied to groups of consumers in similar situations in the trajectory of change. The dimensions of the transtheoretical model of change (precontemplation, contemplation, action, maintenance) has been used to obtain these groups. The results also show effects of consumer's paratelic orientation. Theoretical contributions mainly explain the adoption of approach-avoidance strategies of financial behavior change. Managerial contributions correspond to actions to promote change by considering several variables of segmentation in particular the position of consumers on their trajectory of change
Romma, Natacha. "Communication de changement comportemental sur le Web : comparer l'efficacité de la persuasion et de l'engagement pour promouvoir l'éco-citoyenneté." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00445880.
Full textRomma, Natacha. "Communication de changement comportemental sur le Web : comparer l'efficacité de la persuasion et de l'engagement pour promouvoir l'éco-citoyenneté." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00445880/fr/.
Full textThrough questioning the potential of the Web as a new electronic mass medium in promoting proenvironmental behaviors, and the most effective strategies enhancing environmental awareness and likely to be implemented on the Web, this work proposes to compare the effectiveness of two types of websites (information vs. Foot-in-the-door procedure) by measuring actual compliance behavior. This investigation was conducted in a furniture & accessories retail store. The subjects viewed an information based website or a website with a foot-in-the-door compliance procedure. Both websites were designed to induce participants to install in their homes one more ‘energy-efficient' compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulb. The data, collected by a Web Analytics tool, and through a telephone questionnaire carried out 14 days following the website visit, showed that the foot-in-the-door procedure website had a greater effect on actual behaviors than the information based website. All empirical results allowed suggesting a model of an effective enhancing proenvironmental behavior website. This model could either help to create more effective proenvironmental public communication campaigns, or open a new research path referred to as binding communication on the Web
Gagnon, Hélène. "Développement et évaluation d'une intervention sur mesure visant à favoriser l'usage d'une seringue neuve à chaque injection chez les usagers de drogues par injection qui fréquentent les programmes d'échange de seringues." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25690/25690.pdf.
Full textThe use of soiled syringes exposes injection drug users (IDUs) to serious infections. To better target objectives of an intervention aimed at promoting the use of a new syringe at each injection, a preliminary study was realized. The use of an integrative theoretical model has permitted to identify factors associated with the intention of IDUs to adopt this behaviour. Only 39% of the 105 respondents had a firm intention to adopt this behaviour in the next week. Perceived behavioural control (OR : 17.83; CI95% 5.75-55.15) and attitude (OR : 13.43; CI95% 3.54-50.87) were the principal factors associated with intention. Intervention mapping served as the conceptual framework to guide the development of the intervention. At each developmental step, this model integrates theory, empirical data and information collected among populations. More specifically, the intervention emerges through a strategy named Computer Tailoring. This strategy uses information technologies to present messages customized according to individual characteristics. This intervention was implemented within the framework of an evaluative research. A two-group randomized control trial design was adopted. Behavioural outcomes were measured at baseline (T0), one week after the intervention (T1) and three months later (T2). A total of 260 IDUs were recruited. At baseline, 52.3% of the participants reported not always using new syringes in the previous week. The analysis showed a short term effect. One month after the implementation of the intervention, participants in the experimental group were using fewer soiled syringes (p = 0.004), and a higher number reported adopting safe behaviour (p = 0.04). These effects were not significant three months later. The results of this study add weight to those already published demonstrating the efficacy of Computer Tailoring intervention to modify behaviour. When they are exposed to tailored educational messages, IDUs who visit needle exchange programs (NEPs) adopt safer injection practices.
Ravatua-Smith, William Samuel. "The Art of Binding Communications : From Face to Face to Computer Mediated Communication in the Domain of Humanitarian Actions." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUL0017.
Full textThis research is in the field of binding communications. A number of previous studies have focused on the practice of binding communications in the face-to-face setting. This research provides a contribution to the field with novel experiments of binding communication in the context of computer mediated communications. It is a true interdisciplinary research with foundations in social psychology, information communication sciences and information communication technology. The research question is to examine the implementation of binding communication techniques in the computer mediated setting. To answer this question, fieldwork was carried out on the theme of humanitarianism on the Web. The online communication strategies of popular humanitarian organizations have been extensively studied. Subsequently, fieldwork was structured around several experiments conducted in the face-to-face and online settings in a humanitarian context. The choice was made to focus our experimental studies in real world conditions as opposed to developing laboratory setting tests. If the effectiveness of binding communication strategies is undeniable in the face-to-face setting, the results are less convincing in our experiments conducted in the computer mediated environment. This research paves the way for future critical analyses needed in order to better understand the results obtained from our experimentations
Gosselin, Nancy. "Utilisation du RDA afin de réduire les comportements agressifs chez une femme âgée atteinte de démence en institution." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0007/MQ33661.pdf.
Full textLavigne, Rosalie, and Rosalie Lavigne. "Développement de la capacité à offrir le programme Triple P : point de vue du personnel d'encadrement." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33957.
Full textCette étude vise à déterminer si la capacité de deux consortiums de partenaires à offrir un programme à données probantes (PDP) se développe au cours du processus d’implantation à l’aide d’un devis prétest-posttest sans groupe de comparaison. Elle vise également à tracer un portait de la capacité des consortiums. Le programme en question est Triple P – Positive Parenting Program. Vingt membres du personnel d’encadrement impliqués dans l’offre de Triple P ont rempli un questionnaire avant l’implantation et deux ans plus tard. Ce questionnaire mesure leurs perceptions quant à diverses variables reflétant plusieurs dimensions de la capacité : les aspects organisationnels susceptibles de faciliter ou de nuire à l’implantation pour les participants, le degré de préparation des organisations à implanter Triple P, le fonctionnement du partenariat mobilisé autour de Triple P et les impacts du partenariat au niveau individuel, organisationnel et communautaire. Des analyses de variances multivariées (MANOVAs) à meures répétées ont été effectuées afin de comparer les deux temps de mesure et faire ressortir les forces et les faiblesses des consortiums. Les résultats n’indiquent pas de changement statistiquement significatif entre les deux temps de mesure. Toutefois, on remarque, pour certaines variables, des tailles d’effet de moyenne et grande amplitude, dans le sens d’un développement de la capacité. Ainsi, il est probable que le processus pour offrir Triple P ait eu un impact sur la capacité des milieux, mais le petit échantillon ferait en sorte que la puissance statistique est insuffisante pour le détecter. Un portrait de la capacité au posttest est tracé et des recommandations sur les dimensions à perfectionner sont fournies. Entre-autre, plus d’efforts sont nécessaires pour obtenir suffisamment de ressources, avoir un partenariat synergique ainsi que pour que la communication, les formations et l’environnement organisationnel soient adaptés pour offrir le programme.
Trudel, Guy Catherine. "Peut-on promouvoir la saine alimentation par des messages axés sur le plaisir ?" Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34657.
Full textThe concerning increase in the incidence of overweight and obesity has triggered a cascade of preventive programs focused on health, including targeting eating behaviours. Moreover, despite the many efforts made in this regard, there seem to be still some limitations to the adoption of these behaviours and that is why some researchers are addressing this problem by proposing alternative prevention strategies at the population level. Currently, health communication proposes the use of different messages that can be more or less understood and adopted by the entire population. Under our social backdrop of productivity, food being omnipresent, and choices seem to be dictated by the desires of society, it would seem that proposing empowering messages holds promise for the adoption of sustainable healthy behaviours. In particular, messages focused on the dimensions of pleasure would allow us to better liberate our food identity. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the relevance of a message promoting healthy eating habits, oriented towards the pleasure of eating healthy. Moreover, the objective of this paper is to compare food choices and the reasons and emotions associated with these choices between the different groups studied, i.e. a group receiving a message focused on pleasure, a group receiving a message focused on health and a control group, without a message. The results show no difference in healthy choices according to the message received. In addition, for individuals with low eating habits, either a pleasure- or a health-oriented message tend to lead to healthier food choices compared to individuals who do not receive any messages. The results of this thesis provide an innovative approach to the promotion of healthy eating and provide a better focus for future research that combines pleasure and health.
Ravatua-Smith, William Samuel. "The Art of Binding Communications : From Face to Face to Computer Mediated Communication in the Domain of Humanitarian Actions." Thesis, Toulon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUL0017/document.
Full textThis research is in the field of binding communications. A number of previous studies have focused on the practice of binding communications in the face-to-face setting. This research provides a contribution to the field with novel experiments of binding communication in the context of computer mediated communications. It is a true interdisciplinary research with foundations in social psychology, information communication sciences and information communication technology. The research question is to examine the implementation of binding communication techniques in the computer mediated setting. To answer this question, fieldwork was carried out on the theme of humanitarianism on the Web. The online communication strategies of popular humanitarian organizations have been extensively studied. Subsequently, fieldwork was structured around several experiments conducted in the face-to-face and online settings in a humanitarian context. The choice was made to focus our experimental studies in real world conditions as opposed to developing laboratory setting tests. If the effectiveness of binding communication strategies is undeniable in the face-to-face setting, the results are less convincing in our experiments conducted in the computer mediated environment. This research paves the way for future critical analyses needed in order to better understand the results obtained from our experimentations
Fournier, Patricia-Maude. "Correction des perceptions erronées à l'égard du hasard chez les jeunes du primaire 5 et 6." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ55754.pdf.
Full textGiger, Jean-Christophe. "Etats affectifs transitoires et consistance attitude-comportement." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF20005.
Full textRobin, Jean-Patrice. "Modifications metaboliques et comportementales au cours du jeune prolonge : realimentation apres un jeune prolonge." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13055.
Full textMalezieux, Antoine. "Essais sur la psychologie économique du comportement d’évasion fiscale." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0062/document.
Full textThe first Chapter uses differential psychology and psychometrics to correlate tax evasion behaviour observed in the lab to individual personality traits, measured thanks to standardized psychometric questionnaires. These personality questionnaires are related to moral emotions, moral judgments and norm submission. The results are twofold. First, moral emotions better explain evasion behavior than any other personality questionnaire. However, secondly, the explanatory power of these personality traits remains very modest. This lack of a strong relationship suggests that individual characteristics are of little help to understand and predict tax evasion behavior. It highlights the importance of the institutional context in which compliance is elicited. The second and third Chapters try to better account for this institutional context, using the social psychology of commitment. The second Chapter shows that a modification of the taxpayer’s environment, thanks to the exposition to an oath to tell the truth, increases the level of honesty of subsequent tax reports. Building on these results, the third Chapter investigates the hypothesis that direct democracy, as present in some cantons in Switzerland, could be the source of higher tax compliance. According to the existing literature, its cause could be either social coordination between agents or a commitment effect due to the vote itself. The results show that social coordination between taxpayers does not explain this phenomenon, which rather reflects a commitment effect of participation in the electoral process
Biland, Claudine. "Comportement non verbal et mensonge, recherches expérimentales." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10038.
Full textTribeche, Rebaia. "Le comportement autosensoriel chez l'enfant non voyant congénital." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H089.
Full textRuiz, Nicolas. "Contributions à l'étude du comportement de consommation des ménages." Cergy-Pontoise, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CERG0308.
Full textConsumer theory offers an interesting framework which can be use for an empirical representation of consumption behaviour. Studying these behaviours is interesting in itself. Also, it can be use as a tool for public economies analysis. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the study of these behaviours, and to propose sorne applications. In the first chapter, we treat the major problem of the measurement of priee effects in the case where no quantities are available in the data. The second chapter proposes a study of indirect taxation in a behavioural framework, with the use of a new microsimulation model. Finally, the third chapter focuses on the interest of the panel structure for the consumption data. We compute consumption laws on a highly disaggregated nomenclature by working out a pseudo-panel using a starting data set with no temporal dimension
Follenfant, Alice. "Effets de l'activation de stéréotypes sur le comportement : le paradoxe de la suppression." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100072.
Full textA recent but already substantial body of literature demonstrates that social perception automatically leads to corresponding behavior. This extends to stereotypes: once activated, they are prompt to influence the perceiver's behavior. One strategy to avoid such effects could be to suppress stereotypes in the first place. But efforts to suppress stereotypic thoughts can backfire, so much that stereotypic thoughts become even more accessible than if no attempt at stereotype control is initially exercised. We aim to show that, in result of both perception-to-behavior and mental control processes, the suppressor's behavior is influenced to a greater level than the perceiver's. Five experiments investigate effects of activated and/or suppressed stereotypes on various behaviors. As data supports this behavioral rebound effect, we explored a possible moderator. Although these effects occur in many situations, we concluded on the necessity to take into account the full array of possible moderators
Chandon, Pierre. "Promotion des ventes, psychologie de l'achat et comportement de consommation." Phd thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 1997. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00994797.
Full textChandon, Pierre. "Promotion des ventes, psychologie de l'achat et comportement de consommation." Phd thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHEC0054.
Full textSales promotions have experienced considerable growth over the past twenty years. Paradoxically, a growing number of academics and marketers argue that sales promotions are a sub-optimal by-product of price competition without any intrinsic utility for the consumer beyond reducing prices. In the first section of this dissertation, we re-examine the utility of sales promotions from the consumer's perspective. In so doing, we enlarge the currently dominant model of consumer response to sales promotions which is mainly focused on the economic dimension of sales promotions and on their effects on consumer purchase behavior. In the second section, we develop scales measuring the multiple consumer benefits of sales promotions and experimentally study their effects on brand choice. Our results show that consumers evaluate sales promotions on the basis of their utilitarian benefits: savings, but also quality and convenience. Sales promotions also provide consumers with hedonic benefits: entertainment, exploration and self-expression. We then show that monetary promotions are more effective for utilitarian products and that non-monetary promotions are more effective for hedonic products. In the third section, we examine the effects of sales promotions on consumption behavior. Field and laboratory experiments show that promotional stockpiling accelerate the consumption of the promoted product. They also show that this effect is partially due to the higher visibility and lower price of the promoted product. A scanner data analysis further shows that the effects of promotional stockpiling on consumption are only significant for substitutable products consumed on impulse. Overall, our results suggest to reconsider the utility of sales promotions for they can have an intrinsic utility for the consumer and they can increase primary demand by accelerating product consumption
CANCOUET, DAVID PASCALE. "Le comportement de l'homme face a l'epidemie." Angers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ANGE1023.
Full textCestac, Julien. "Habitude et principe de comptabilité dans le modèle du comportement planifié : décisions pro-environnementales et automobile." Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100050.
Full textThe planned behavior model (Ajzen, 1991) is focused on the reasoned aspects of behavioral background. The main purpose of our work concerns low opportunity, or low frequency, behaviors that cannot be habitual (ex: car buying). If a behavior is new one cannot measure a compatible past behavior (regarding to the correspondence principle), but one can measure the individual past behavior and habit in an analogous situation (connected past behavior). In this case, past behavior would be used as information by individuals. Three experimental studies (N=992) were conducted in the framework of pro-environmental intentions of new car buyers. The two first studies were focused on the “Clean and Thrifty Vehicle” buying and the third one on the air-conditioning use. Our results show that connected measures are effectively contributing to low opportunity behaviors’ prediction. Habit measured at a more general level is significantly contributing to the model whereas affective state is playing an indirect role
Gloton, Catherine. "Etude du rôle de la kinesthésie manuelle dans les processus cognitifs de compréhension et de mémorisation des relations spatiales : cas particulier de la forme." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10025.
Full textThe importance of the hand in the philogenesis of human beings is largely recognized. This work investigates whether hand exploratory movements, which are somewhat hindered by the use of the computer, can effectively support space information processing. Using the computer, we analyzed the hand's exploratory movements in different conditions, with hypothesis that kinesthetic information could affect plane figure's visual recognition. The results showed that visual control facilitated the exploratory activity. This facilitation proved to be larger when the task was more difficult. Furthermore, visual-kinesthetic representations, even if take longer to be computed, resulted to be more stable than visual representations. Morever, when subjects attention is drawn to the exploratory movement, kinesthetic information became more easly available. Fanilly, a creative task proved to facilitate the visualkinesthetic representations more than a copy task
Amorim, Michel-Ange. "Mise à jour des informations spatiales accompagnant le changement de point de vue : niveaux et modes de traitement." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H002.
Full textThis thesis is concerned with the levels and modes of processing involved in the updating of spatial information following perspective change. In a first chapter, we present the literature on spatial updating following real and or imagined perspective change. Then, in a second chapter, we investigate experimentally the role of the sensory inputs in a locomotor pointing task towards one or several memorised targets. We compare the performance of normal subjects with that of participants subjected to a temporary (due to a space flight journey) or permanent (labyrinthine-defective patients) sensorimotor reorganisation. We also report the case study of a hemineglect patient. In the next chapter, we present two other experiments. The first one examines the contribution of a real movement to the updating of an initially misperceived configuration (due to depth foreshortening). The second study compares the effects of two different processing modes on the updating of an object's location and orientation during a navigation without vision, and their consequences on the locomotor activity and response latencies, in another chapter, mental chronometry is used for studying the effect of referce frames on spatiotopic mapping. Finally, we discuss our experimental contribution in the light of the current neurocognitive issues
Roucher, Jacques. "Modification du diagnostic psychopathologique des déficients intellectuels profonds institutionnalisés : étude catamnestique." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H062.
Full textLeis, Timothy A. "Les epistemologies de l'etude du comportement : contribution au pluralisme methodologique et a une therapeutique differentielle." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H052.
Full textOn historical and philosophical levels, the emergence of five approaches to the study of behavior are examined : biological psychology, behavioral and cognitive psychology, psychoanalysis and phenomenological psychology. These approaches are analyzed using important themes in the thought of the founders of modern physical science. It is concluded that each approach is profoundly influenced by modern epistemological and metaphysical world views which emphasize determinism and the unreliability of "secondary qualities". On theoretical and empirical levels, these postulats are reconsidered in reviewing biological, behavioral and social science data. In what follows, "interactionism" and "indeterminism" are discussed in the context of psychological research and clinical practice. The importance of the cognitive representations of the organism is stressed in the control of behavior, and it is argued that this perspective is helpful in accounting for the specificity of the life sciences as well as the behavioral sciences and in understanding the nature of scientific research. Guided by an appreciation for the relative autonomy of the organism and the viability of its representations, several clinical phenomena are reexamined : the placebo effect, "spontaneous" recovery from cancer, the "automatic" realisation of predictions and biofeedback. It then appears that an array of techniques-whether psychological,neuropsychological, or pharmacological- can be interpreted as means to develop the relative autonomy of the organism and the viability of its representations. Specific theories are then viewed as conceptual tools of varying usefulness in specific experimental and clinical situations. In this perspective, it is important for clinical research to continue to determine which specific treatments are most useful for which particular pathological populations. The attractiveness of differential therapeutics is evaluated as it relates to research findings, clinical practice and professional ethical issues
Weiergräber, Anja [Verfasser]. "Ignoring and Avoiding Alcohol Stimuli : Cognitive Bias Modification Helps to Change One's Attitudes / Anja Weiergräber." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1133479928/34.
Full textDorez, Gaëlle. "Formulation et comportement au feu de composites biosourcés." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20144.
Full textThe environmental awareness in the society is increasing and leads to a strong demand in material from renewable resources, such as biocomposites. The thermal sensitivity and the flammability restrict their use for certain applications such as building. The fire safety regulation is of prime importance and requires adaptive solutions to be found to improve the fire behavior of these materials.In this context, we have studied the thermal degradation and the fire behavior of natural fibers and particularly the effect of its components on the fire behavior. Then, we studied the reactivity of four moieties (amine, carboxylic acid, alkoxisilane and phosphonic acid) on the natural fibers. The grafting characterization was carried out with original techniques based on thermal degradation.Then, we are interested on the thermal degradation and the fire behaviour of biocomposites. We studied the fire behaviour of biocomposite based on PBS and natural fibers varying different parameters such as the amount of fibers, the type of natural fibers and the influence of a phosphonated fire retardant. Two fireproofing strategies have been tested: the addition in polymer matrix and the grafting on natural fibers of fire retardant. To go further in the fireproofing strategy by fire retardant grafting, we have compared the influence of the molecule or macromolecule grafting on the fire behaviour of flax and PBS/flax biocomposite
Madelain, Laurent. "Approches dynamique et opérante de l'ontogenèse du comportement de poursuite visuelle lisse chez le nouveau-né et de ses dysfonctions chez le sujet schizophrène." Lille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL30015.
Full textDianoux, Christian. "L'influence des publicités comparatives sur le comportement du consommateur." Nancy 2, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc193/1999NAN22001_1.pdf.
Full textBry, Clémentine. "Amorçage de stéréotype et comportement : le rôle des conceptions indépendante et interdépendante du soi." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100192.
Full textPrime-to-behavior effects are quite well-known and researchers are able to predict whether assimilation or contrast effects will occur knowing the prime’s features. However, the influence of the perceiver’s features is rather indefinite. We argue that the active self-concept determine the influence of the primes. We hypothesize that we would be able to predict assimilation and contrast effect manipulating some dimension of the self-concept: self-construals. Indeed, we show in two studies that assimilation occurred with an interdependent self and contrast occurred with an independent self. Yet, a third study shows that those effects can be reversed by an unexpected moderator. We try to identify this moderator in three other studies and find that the kind of prime reversed the results. In conclusion, we discuss how future research should investigate the influence of both the perceiver’s and of the prime’s features
Da, Costa Oliveira Felisbela Maria. "Modification du comportement rheologique des boues de forage bentonitiques sous l'action des sollicitations mecaniques." Toulouse, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAT0004.
Full textDa, Costa Oliveira Felisbela Maria. "Modification du comportement rhéologique des boues de forage bentonitiques sous l'action des sollicitations mécaniques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37597000r.
Full textMauchand, Pierre. "Motivation sous incertitude : étude de l'influence de l'heuristique d'ancrage et d'ajustement sur les cognitions, le comportement et la performance." Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2001/mauchand_p.
Full textMauchand, Pierre Martin Robert. "Motivation sous incertitude étude de l'influence de l'heuristique d'ancrage et d'ajustement sur les cognitions, le comportement et la performance /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2001/mauchand_p.
Full textSarramon, Christine. "Vulnérabilité pour les conduites addictives (Recherche de sensations, anhédonie, impulsivité). A partir d'une étude chez 65 patients hospitalisés en psychiatrie." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR23049.
Full textVan, Ginneken Jaap. "Crowds, psychology and politics, 1871-1899 /." Amsterdam : Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366505777.
Full textChapuis, Nicole. "Les opérations structurantes dans la connaissance de l'espace chez les mammifères : détour, raccourci et retour." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX22021.
Full textSavard, Johanne. "La relation entre les attitudes et le comportement." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29341.
Full textAgeloussi, Dimas Anastasia. "La structure relationnelle en tant que facteur influant le comportement scolaire." Paris 8, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA080292.
Full textIn the theoretical section I used a bibliography to expose the need and the difficulty of the man in making a contact with someone else. I have quoted the different social influences as well as the different kind of human relations by emphazing the relation of power which is mainly the origin of man's problem. I have tried in the practical section to examine the relation of the child in the environment of the school (that's why I used and gave a questionnaire to the teachers of Neapolis of Thessalonique and a direct communication with the students of the pedagogical Academy of Thessalonique through a discussion and in writing)
Collignon, Anne. "L'obese, son comportement alimentaire ; a-t-il des faims specifiques ? abords psychologiques et nutritionnels." Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN11147.
Full textAbou, Nasr Daccache Jeannette. "Bisexualité psychique et troubles du comportement alimentaire." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070011.
Full textDuring accession in identity, we attend the pulsing dispositive which according to relations undertaken with the parents allows his draft towards a lack of differentiation with other one, or towards a building, within tins psychical dynamism. I explore the problem of psychical bisexuality, pathology of the border between the real and the virtual and his vagaries of link food with link in the object. Bisexuality is a native fantasy which would be formed by the mediation of personal fantasy, by the intervention of the constitution of the fantasy of the other sex in the Oedipus triangle and that notably re-appears during accession in the status of separation with the object, where are rekindled the mechanisms of enlistment and of introjections by merging them with ideal identity to be the parent or to have a child of the father and/or the mother. How this model of psychical bisexuality, libidinal energy rallies in the service of the psychical harmonization, can help us to think on obstacles to become Man or Woman to redefine the crisis of identity which manifests itself by a link in the secondary primary object either complete or envelops. The process of the psychical bisexuality which remains incomplete and we find it in functioning in the bisexuality of the object represented by food functioning. The analysis of this functioning allows to understand the processes of psychical and somatic incorporation. The approach with the sexual recalls a fright felt facing an emotional flood which surprises inside and provokes borders between the internal and the external. The passage to the act in the rejected or incorporated food is a mechanism which postpones the access to heterosexuality. These undertaken functioning's results in the appearance of organic illness such as bulimia or anorexia, but these experiences will be thé mirror helping in understanding the hired psychical processes and so modifications and internal suppleness and metaphor between the biological and the psychical. The inter-subjective therapies consists in unfolding the actual instant so registers in the time of relation, to construct the links of representation, figurabilitys, emotion, stop compulsive behaviors by trying a harmonization of psychical bisexuality
Voisin, Laure. "Modification du métabolisme protéique musculaire au cours du sepsis : rôle des médiateurs." Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30126.
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