Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modes transversaux'
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Galière, Julien. "Conception et réalisation de filtres transversaux à résonateurs diélectriques quasi-planaires en bande Ka pour des applications spatiales." Limoges, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIMO0062.
Full textRubino, Ginevra. "Laminar-to-turbulence Transition Modeling of Incompressible Flows in a RANS Framework for 2D and 3D Configurations." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ECDN0052.
Full textThis research work aims at assessing transition calculations feasibility in the context of the industrial codes. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the Local Correlation Based Transition Models (LCTM) γ and γ-Re_θ for two- and three-dimensional configurations, focusing on both modeling and numerical aspects. The purpose is to analyze the potential of these RANS-based models as predictive tools, that can handle automatically and autonomously laminar-to-turbulence transition. We evaluate the transition models performance on an extensive number of test cases, covering a wide range of transition mechanisms. In the case of 3D configurations, a crucial point is the modeling of transition due to stationary crossflow modes, which are the main threedimensional transition mechanism in a low free-stream turbulence environment. For this purpose, we present in this dissertation an original re-calibration of the Tc1 crossflow criterion, proposed by Menter and Smirnov in 2014 and based on a local formulation of the renowned empirical C1 criterion of Daniel Arnal. This re-calibrated criterion notably extends the existing γ model for stationary crossflow transition prediction around threedimensional non-wing-like geometries
GALLICCHIO, Gisele Soares. "Eliminação: uma desterritorialização da violência (linhas transversais aos territórios escolares)." www.teses.ufc.br, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/7623.
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Esta tese procura diferenciar violência de eliminação fazendo uso do pensamento de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. Inúmeros eventos vêm assinalando uma percepção diferente da vida e de seus componentes de valoração. A pesquisa busca contribuir com elementos “exteriores” àquilo que a escola, tradicionalmente, compreende em seu perímetro de práticas (e seu referencial teórico-conceitual). Um cruzamento de linhas faz romper as segmentaridades da esfera educacional. A segmentarização dispõe a escola, por escalonamento e por contigüidade, em uma sequência de etapas destinadas ao mercado. A eliminação vem indicar um investimento no processo de subjetivação, que implica a atualização do capital, caracterizando mudanças de um modo de vida. Novas escalas, provocadas pelo devir silício, geram afetos e afecções, colocando em jogo forças demarcadas em acontecimentos, que podem ser expressos pelos verbos eliminar, deletar, exterminar e selecionar. A tese procura seguir o percurso da eliminação num processo de desterritorialização da violência, quando incitada pelas práticas de consumo, reterritorializada nas estratégias de controle e absorvida pela subjetividade capitalística. A relação entre eliminar e consumir anuncia não apenas a excitação ao poder de compra e de aquisição de produtos-mercadorias, mas posturas subjetivantes geradas com a equivalência do eliminar aos atos de gastar, destruir, liquidar. A eliminação passa a engendrar as sociedades de controle que, através das máquinas comunicacionais e informacionais, investem no deletar. Ações e as condutas, sobrecodificadas em cotações e índices, reproduzem os mecanismos do capital financeiro numa espécie de pedagogia exercida nas redes sociais e nos jogos digitais. As estratégias intensificam-se, modulando os eliminar e o deletar em exterminar . Elas permeiam diferentes territórios existenciais: do funcionamento das empresas às chacinas escolares. Os vetores de desterritorialização apontam a potência de criação da eliminação através do selecionar. Esse sentido é detectado no filme Ben X, baseado na vida de um adolescente autista que sofre bullying, ao trazer uma dimensão ética e estética, demarcando as linhas de fuga capazes de afirmar a diferença e de produzir de um novo modo de vida.
L’idée de cette thèse est celle de délimiter la différence entre la violence et l’élimination , à partir de la pensée proposée par Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari. L’occurrence de plusieurs changements dans l’état des choses signalent une perception différente de la vie et, par conséquent, dans leurs composantes de valorisation. Cette étude cherche à apporter une contribution à partir de l’analyse d’éléments « extérieurs » à ce que l’école, de façon traditionnelle, inclut dans son périmètre de pratiques (et dans son cadre théorique). Située dans les contours de la sphère éducative, c’est dans le carrefour des lignes qu’il y a la rupture des segmentaritées. Sa segmentation configure l’école par (i) le fractionnement et par (ii) la contiguïté autour d’ une séquence destinée au marché de travail. L’action d’élimination se centre sur soi-même en produisant un investissement dans le processus de subjectivité/subjectivation, lequel met à jour du capital, en apportant des changements dans le mode de vie. De nouvelles escales, provoquées par le « devenir silice », produisent des affects et des affections, et mettent en jeu des forces marquées par des événements ; lesquels peuvent, à leur tour, se manifester par les verbes éliminer, supprimer, exterminer et sélectionner. Ceci étant établi, la présente thèse cherche à suivre le parcours de l’élimination dans une procédure de « déterritorialisation » de la violence, lors de son développement par les pratiques de consommation ; Cela conduit à sa reterritorialisation à travers les stratégies de contrôle et l’amène a être par la subjectivité du capital. De plus, le rapport entre l’action d’éliminer et de consommer n’annonce pas simplement l’abandon au pouvoir d’achat et d’acquisition de produits-marchandises, mais plutôt un comportement dont la caractéristique est la subjectivité comme engendrée par l’équivalence de l’action éliminatoire à travers des actes comme gaspiller, détruire, liquider. L’élimination devient partie composante de la société de contrôle, laquelle, à travers les machines communicationnelles et informationnelles se trouve être la principale responsable de l’investissement de l’action de supprimer. Les actions et les comportements, sur-codifiées en cotations et indices, reproduisent la mécanique du capital financier dans une sorte de pédagogie matérialisée dans les réseaux sociaux et dans les jeux numériques. Ainsi, les stratégies renforcées produisent une espèce de variation sur les actes d’éliminer et de supprimer, lesquelles se convertissent en action d’exterminer. Elles traversent divers territoires de l’existence : du fonctionnement des entreprises jusqu’aux tueries scolaires. Les vecteurs de déterritorialisation jouent un rôle non négligeable, voire déterminant, en direction du potentiel de l’élimination à travers l’acte de sélectionner. Cette appréhension est perceptible dans le film Ben X, relatant la vie d’un adolescent autiste qui souffre « du harcèlement scolaire » et portant une dimension éthique et esthétique. Ce genre d’événement produit des lignes de fuite, lesquelles rendent possible l’affirmation (ou l’émergence) de la différence et de produire, par là, une nouvelle façon de vivre.
Juver, Jovita Rasch Bracht. "Modos em vigas com secção transversal de variação linear." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/2532.
Full textGottardi, Thiago. "Reúso de frameworks transversais com apoio de modelos." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/500.
Full textUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Aspect-Oriented programming was created to modularize the so-called crosscutting concerns . Crosscutting concerns have some properties that cannot be fully modularized with the object-oriented paradigm. After that, aspect-oriented frameworks were created in order to make reuse of different concern codes easier. Among these frameworks, Crosscutting Frameworks are aspect-oriented frameworks specifically created for crosscutting concern code modularization, for instance, persistence, distribution, concurrency and business rules. Currently, these frameworks are usually distributed as source code and must be reused by extending classes, aspects and methods. Reusing these frameworks in code-level require application developers to worry about implementation issues, that affects understandability, productivity and quality of final software. In this thesis, the objective is to raise abstraction level by applying a new model-driven approach for crosscutting framework reuse, which also allows reusability during earlier development phases. Experiments were conducted in order to compare the productivity of the proposed process with the conventional reuse technique, which is based on source-code edition. It was identified that the proposed process has advantages during the reuse activity, however, no advantages were detected while maintaining an application coupled to a crosscutting framework.
A programação orientada a aspectos foi criada para permitir a modularização de um tipo de interesse de software denominado de interesse transversal , que não pode ser completamente modularizado com paradigmas como o orientado a objetos. Com o uso do paradigma orientado a aspectos, vários pesquisadores começaram a pesquisar como determinados interesses transversais poderiam ser modularizados de formas genéricas para aumentar suas possibilidades de reúso, fazendo surgir Frameworks Orientados a Aspectos e também o termo Frameworks Transversais. Framework Transversal é um tipo de framework orientado a aspectos que tem o objetivo de permitir o reúso de código de interesses transversais, como persistência, distribuição, concorrência ou regras de negócio. Em geral, esses frameworks são disponibilizados na forma de código-fonte e devem ser reusados por meio da edição de código. Realizar o reúso neste nível faz com que engenheiros de aplicação tenham que se preocupar com detalhes da implementação do framework, afetando o entendimento, a produtividade e a qualidade do software final. Neste trabalho, o objetivo é elevar o nível de abstração do processo de reúso de frameworks transversais, propondo um processo dirigido por modelos que permite iniciar o processo de reúso nas fases antecedentes à implementação. Experimentos foram realizados para comparar o tempo de aplicar no novo processo com o processo de edição de código-fonte. Foi identificado que o novo processo possui vantagens em diminuir o tempo para reusar os frameworks, porém, não foram encontradas vantagens durante a manutenção de aplicações acopladas a frameworks transversais.
Gallicchio, Gisele Soares. "EliminaÃÃo: uma desterritoriarizaÃÃo da violÃncia (linhas transversais aos territÃrios escolares)." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9395.
Full textLâidÃe de cette thÃse est celle de dÃlimiter la diffÃrence entre la violence et lâÃlimination , à partir de la pensÃe proposÃe par Gilles Deleuze et FÃlix Guattari. Lâoccurrence de plusieurs changements dans lâÃtat des choses signalent une perception diffÃrente de la vie et, par consÃquent, dans leurs composantes de valorisation. Cette Ãtude cherche à apporter une contribution à partir de lâanalyse dâÃlÃments  extÃrieurs  à ce que lâÃcole, de faÃon traditionnelle, inclut dans son pÃrimÃtre de pratiques (et dans son cadre thÃorique). SituÃe dans les contours de la sphÃre Ãducative, câest dans le carrefour des lignes quâil y a la rupture des segmentaritÃes. Sa segmentation configure lâÃcole par (i) le fractionnement et par (ii) la contiguÃtà autour dâ une sÃquence destinÃe au marchà de travail. Lâaction dâÃlimination se centre sur soi-mÃme en produisant un investissement dans le processus de subjectivitÃ/subjectivation, lequel met à jour du capital, en apportant des changements dans le mode de vie. De nouvelles escales, provoquÃes par le  devenir silice Â, produisent des affects et des affections, et mettent en jeu des forces marquÃes par des ÃvÃnements ; lesquels peuvent, à leur tour, se manifester par les verbes Ãliminer, supprimer, exterminer et sÃlectionner. Ceci Ãtant Ãtabli, la prÃsente thÃse cherche à suivre le parcours de lâÃlimination dans une procÃdure de  dÃterritorialisation  de la violence, lors de son dÃveloppement par les pratiques de consommation ; Cela conduit à sa reterritorialisation à travers les stratÃgies de contrÃle et lâamÃne a Ãtre par la subjectività du capital. De plus, le rapport entre lâaction dâÃliminer et de consommer nâannonce pas simplement lâabandon au pouvoir dâachat et dâacquisition de produits-marchandises, mais plutÃt un comportement dont la caractÃristique est la subjectività comme engendrÃe par lâÃquivalence de lâaction Ãliminatoire à travers des actes comme gaspiller, dÃtruire, liquider. LâÃlimination devient partie composante de la sociÃtà de contrÃle, laquelle, à travers les machines communicationnelles et informationnelles se trouve Ãtre la principale responsable de lâinvestissement de lâaction de supprimer. Les actions et les comportements, sur-codifiÃes en cotations et indices, reproduisent la mÃcanique du capital financier dans une sorte de pÃdagogie matÃrialisÃe dans les rÃseaux sociaux et dans les jeux numÃriques. Ainsi, les stratÃgies renforcÃes produisent une espÃce de variation sur les actes dâÃliminer et de supprimer, lesquelles se convertissent en action dâexterminer. Elles traversent divers territoires de lâexistence : du fonctionnement des entreprises jusquâaux tueries scolaires. Les vecteurs de dÃterritorialisation jouent un rÃle non nÃgligeable, voire dÃterminant, en direction du potentiel de lâÃlimination à travers lâacte de sÃlectionner. Cette apprÃhension est perceptible dans le film Ben X, relatant la vie dâun adolescent autiste qui souffre  du harcÃlement scolaire  et portant une dimension Ãthique et esthÃtique. Ce genre dâÃvÃnement produit des lignes de fuite, lesquelles rendent possible lâaffirmation (ou lâÃmergence) de la diffÃrence et de produire, par lÃ, une nouvelle faÃon de vivre.
Esta tese procura diferenciar violÃncia de eliminaÃÃo fazendo uso do pensamento de Gilles Deleuze e FÃlix Guattari. InÃmeros eventos vÃm assinalando uma percepÃÃo diferente da vida e de seus componentes de valoraÃÃo. A pesquisa busca contribuir com elementos âexterioresâ Ãquilo que a escola, tradicionalmente, compreende em seu perÃmetro de prÃticas (e seu referencial teÃrico-conceitual). Um cruzamento de linhas faz romper as segmentaridades da esfera educacional. A segmentarizaÃÃo dispÃe a escola, por escalonamento e por contigÃidade, em uma sequÃncia de etapas destinadas ao mercado. A eliminaÃÃo vem indicar um investimento no processo de subjetivaÃÃo, que implica a atualizaÃÃo do capital, caracterizando mudanÃas de um modo de vida. Novas escalas, provocadas pelo devir silÃcio, geram afetos e afecÃÃes, colocando em jogo forÃas demarcadas em acontecimentos, que podem ser expressos pelos verbos eliminar, deletar, exterminar e selecionar. A tese procura seguir o percurso da eliminaÃÃo num processo de desterritorializaÃÃo da violÃncia, quando incitada pelas prÃticas de consumo, reterritorializada nas estratÃgias de controle e absorvida pela subjetividade capitalÃstica. A relaÃÃo entre eliminar e consumir anuncia nÃo apenas a excitaÃÃo ao poder de compra e de aquisiÃÃo de produtos-mercadorias, mas posturas subjetivantes geradas com a equivalÃncia do eliminar aos atos de gastar, destruir, liquidar. A eliminaÃÃo passa a engendrar as sociedades de controle que, atravÃs das mÃquinas comunicacionais e informacionais, investem no deletar. AÃÃes e as condutas, sobrecodificadas em cotaÃÃes e Ãndices, reproduzem os mecanismos do capital financeiro numa espÃcie de pedagogia exercida nas redes sociais e nos jogos digitais. As estratÃgias intensificam-se, modulando os eliminar e o deletar em exterminar . Elas permeiam diferentes territÃrios existenciais: do funcionamento das empresas Ãs chacinas escolares. Os vetores de desterritorializaÃÃo apontam a potÃncia de criaÃÃo da eliminaÃÃo atravÃs do selecionar. Esse sentido à detectado no filme Ben X, baseado na vida de um adolescente autista que sofre bullying, ao trazer uma dimensÃo Ãtica e estÃtica, demarcando as linhas de fuga capazes de afirmar a diferenÃa e de produzir de um novo modo de vida.
Sousa, Eduardo Colombo. "Otimização da eficiência do modo TEM00 em lasers de Nd:YLF de alta potência bombeados lateralmente." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-06072009-133838/.
Full textFor many laser applications high beam quality in fundamental mode is necessary. In this work we study the conditions that achieve high efficiency and high beam quality by optimizing the overlap between the fundamental mode and the excited region inside the active medium, using novel cavities. The highest efficiency reported so far for diode side pumped 1053 nm Nd:YLF lasers is demonstrated using a compact cavity design based on total internal reflection at the pumped face, obtaining a maximum output power of 9,5W in multimode operation for 21W of pump power, which represents 45% of optical efficiency. Beam quality improvement is demonstrated using a cavity with two bounces at the active medium, achieving a maximum output power of 6,9W during fundamental operation with M2 beam quality factor of 1,16 x 1,05 in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively.
Rodrigues, Vinicius Weide. "ESTUDO DAS VIBRAÇÕES TRANSVERSAIS EM UM SISTEMA VISCOELÁSTICO ACOPLADO DE DUAS CORDAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9988.
Full textIn this work, it is developed a study of the transverse vibrations of a system composed by two parallel strings of equal length, coupled by a viscoelastic element. The frequencies and mode shapes are obtained using modal analysis and a block matrix formulation for the system. The mode shapes are written by the dynamic basis, composed by the solution of a second order problem with impulsive initial conditions, and its first derivative. In the undamped case, different cases of the problem are considered by varying the parameters of the strings. The orthogonality of the mode shapes and the impulse response matrix are used to solve the undamped forced case. In the damped case, it is considered again the matrix formulation and use dynamic basis, and we present an uncoupled problem from simplifications of the system parameters. The damped forced vibrations are studied using the adjoint modal method, from which there is an orthogonality between the mode shapes of the original system and the mode shapes of the adjoint system associated, allowing the uncoupling and solvability of the system. The forced response is determined by using the matrix fundamental response.
Neste trabalho é realizado um estudo sobre as vibrações transversais de um sistema formado por duas cordas paralelas, de mesmo comprimento, acopladas através de um elemento viscoelástico do tipo Winkler. As frequêencias e os modos de vibração são obtidos utilizando-se a análise modal e uma formulação matricial em blocos para o sistema. Os modos de vibração são escritos através da base dinâmica, composta pela solução de um problema de segunda ordem com condições iniciais impulsivas, e sua primeira derivada. No caso não amortecido são considerados diferentes casos para o problema, variando-se os parãmetros das cordas. A ortogonalidade dos modos e a resposta impulso matricial são usadas para resolver o caso forçado sem amortecimento. No caso amortecido, é apresentado um problema desacoplado a partir de simplificações nos parâmetros do sistema. As vibrações forçadas com amortecimento são estudadas usando-se o método modal adjunto, a partir do qual, existe uma ortogonalidade entre os modos de vibração do sistema original e os modos de vibração do sistema adjunto, possibilitando o desacoplamento e resolução do sistema. A resposta forçada é determinada usando a resposta fundamental matricial.
Fröhlich, Clarice. "Estudo modal de estruturas com propriedades descontínuas na seção transversal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/118195.
Full textThe main objective of this research was to develop a modal survey of structures with discontinuous cross-sectional properties, through the Euler-Bernoulli model. Such discontinuities are step type for the mass per unit length and the bending stiffness. Considering different boundary conditions and a classical spectral basis, the first five classical normal modes result in a graphic view, through a matrix approach discriminating the information between boundary conditions and the kind of basis of functions used. The forced vibration for each kind of beam, derived from the Fourier method, is also shown.
Fernàndez, Chacón Albert. "Demographic analysis and population models in ecology, evolution and conservation: a transversal approach with case studies = L’anàlisi demogràfica i els models poblacionals en ecologia, evolució i conservació: un enfoc transversal amb casos d’estudi." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/128803.
Full textL’ecologia de poblacions és una branca multidisciplinària de l’ecologia que, al considerar les poblacions com a unitats biològiques fonamentals, permet establir nexes d’unió entre l’ecologia bàsica, els estudis evolutius i la biologia de la conservació. L’estudi de les respostes demogràfiques als canvis ambientals es realitza per mitjà del monitoratge de poblacions, però per a un coneixement detallat dels processos ecològics que determinen les dinàmiques poblacionals cal fer server eines d’anàlisi robustes que ens permetin estimar i modelitzar paràmetres poblacionals tenint en compte la detecció imperfecta dels processos ecològics. Aquest enfoc metodològic ha estat aplicat a l’anàlisi de les dades de monitoratge poblacional dut a terme en aquesta tesi, on cada capítol representa una aplicació metodològica per a respondre a qüestions biològiques específices al llarg de diferents nivells de complexitat ecològica. Els capitols 1 i 2 és centren en poblacions discretes de tortuga mediterrània i truita comuna, respectivament. En aquest capítols vaig aplicar diferents models de captura-recaptura per obtenir estimes de supervivència per a diferents estadis vitals, i, en el cas del capitol 2, estimes de creixement individual. L´ús de covariables va permetre avaluar l’efecte de la meteorologia en la supervivència, i en el cas de la tortuga, aquesta relació fóu utilitzada per a realitzar simulacions sota diferents escenaris de canvi climatic, proporcionant riscos d’extinció al llarg de tota la distribució mundial de l’espècie. Els capitols 3 i 4 es centren en l’estudi de xarxes poblacionals i en concret, en l’estudi de la dispersió i els processos d’extinció i colonització d’espècies fent servir com a models biològics la gavina corsa i la comunitat de papallones diurnes de Catalunya. En el cas de la gavina, vaig aplicar models de captura-recaptura multievent per controlar biaixos i obtenir estimes de dispersió adulta tant a dins com a fora de l’àrea d’estudi. L’aplicació de models d’ocupació dinàmica va perpetre obtindre estimes robustes de probabilitats d’extinció i clonització per a 73 espècies de papallones. En ambdòs casos, diferents variables externes varen ser examinades i es varen identificar diferents factors ambientals relacionats amb processos de dispersió i recanvi poblacional que poden ajudar al desenvolupament d’estratègies de conservació.
Weitenberg, Johannes [Verfasser], Reinhart [Akademischer Betreuer] Poprawe, and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Udem. "Transversale Moden in optischen Resonatoren für Anwendungen hoher Laserintensität / Johannes Weitenberg ; Reinhart Poprawe, Thomas Udem." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162900423/34.
Full textMartinez, Brayan Alexander Fonseca. "Estudos transversais em epidemiologia veterinária : utilização de modelos hierárquicos e revisão de métodos estatísticos para analise de desfechos binários." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/148983.
Full textThe commonest study design used in veterinary epidemiology is the cross-sectional study. Its popularity lies on the fact of the short time needed and low costs compared with other types of studies; moreover, this type of study estimates prevalence and associated factors, which may be elucidated as causal in another type of epidemiological studies. However, this type of study presents two major challenges: a very common dependence between data given the typical structure of the animal population, i.e., animals within herds or farms and the choice of measure of association for binary outcomes, frequently used in this type of study. In order to contribute to the understanding of the epidemiology of bovine abortion associated with Neospora caninum, a mixed model accounting for the hierarchical structure of cattle population using data from a cross-sectional study conducted in two regions (northwest and southeast) of Rio Grande do Sul was made. Data from 60 dairy herds and 1256 sampled cattle were used. The percentage of abortions in each herd ranged between 1% and 30%. Seropositive cows were 6.63 times more likely to have a history of abortion (95% CI: 4.41 to 13.20). The chances of a cow have a history of abortion were 5.18 times higher in the northwest comparing with the southeast region (95% CI: 1.83 to 20.80). An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 16% was estimated which means that 16% of the variation in abortion occurrence not explained by the fixed effects is due to farms. In the second part of this work, a systematic review was conducted considering a range of journals and newspapers in order to verify the statistical methods used and the adequacy of the interpretations of the measures of association estimated in cross-sectional studies from the veterinary medicine field. A total of 62 articles were revised. The review showed that, regardless of the reported prevalence, 96% of them employed logistic regression, therefore estimating odds ratio (OR). From the articles that reported prevalence rates above 10%, 23 of them did a proper interpretation of OR as an odds ratio, or simply did not make a direct interpretation of the OR, while 23 articles interpreted improperly the OR as a risk or probability. Among the articles that reported prevalence rates lower than 10%, only three interpreted the OR as an odds ratio, five interpreted as a risk or probability and only one, despite the estimated prevalence ratio (PR), it was improperly interpreted. Meanwhile, in order to exemplify the use of statistical methods to estimate directly the PR, the more appropriate measure of association in cross-sectional studies, a data set obtained from a cross-sectional study to estimate the occurrence of antibodies (AB) against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in milk was used; AB were measured in bulk tank samples from dairy herds located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and also possible associated factors were estimated. Among the methods used, major discrepancies in the measures of association estimated were observed with the logistic regression, comparing with the log-binomial regression. Finally, it is important that such challenges are met by the researchers that undertake cross-sectional studies.
Santos, Rodrigo Lofrano Alves dos. "Governança e coordenação em arranjos multinível de políticas públicas transversais: assistência social, educação e saúde no Programa Bolsa Família." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11271.
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This study presents the theoretical development and the application of a model aimed at analysing public policy governance arrangements tha t occur when multiple organizations are involved to tackle complex issues. The following re search question was posed: how does the set of coordination instruments employed in the gov ernance of a cross-cutting policy operate? An exploratory case study about the Bolsa Família Program was conducted, specifically on its dimension related to the coordination between healt h, education and social assistance sectors. Research methods consisted of content analysis of d ocuments and transcripts of semi- structured interviews with key actors of the Progra m in the three policy sectors. Results demonstrate how different governance modes coexist in the multi-level arrangement studied, revealing several coordination elements which opera te concomitantly resulting in a mixed mode of governance. Thus, contributions are made to the improvement of the Program and to the theoretical, methodological and applied develop ment of the governance and coordination concepts, resting demonstrated that it is possible to integrate them in the analysis of cross- cutting public policies.
Este estudo apresenta o desenvolvimento teórico e a aplicação de um modelo voltado à análise de arranjos de governança de políticas públicas que ocorrem quando múltiplas organizações estão envolvidas em lidar com questões complexas. A seguinte pergunta de pesquisa foi proposta: Como opera o conjunto de instrumentos de coordenação empregados na governança de uma política pública transversal? Um estudo de caso exploratório sobre o Programa Bolsa Família foi realizado, especificamente na sua dimensão relacionada à coordenação entre os setores de assistência social, educação e saúde. Os métodos de pesquisa consistiram em análise de conteúdo de documentos e transcrições de entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores-chave do Programa nos três setores de políticas. Os resultados demonstram como diferentes modos de governança coexistem no arranjo multinível estudado, revelando diversos elementos de coordenação cuja operação concomitante resulta em um modo de governança misto. Contribui-se, assim, para o aperfeiçoamento do Programa e para o desenvolvimento teórico, metodológico e aplicado dos conceitos de governança e de coordenação, ficando demonstrado ser possível integrá-los na análise de políticas públicas transversais.
Jesus, Renato Costa de. "Gestão por competências : proposta de um modelo para o Grupo Benfica." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10095.
Full textFace à atual conjuntura económica, financeira e social, as organizações desportivas passaram a viver num clima de elevadas adversidades e mudanças, em que, numa luta constante pelos sucessos desportivos, apenas uma equipa pode ganhar. Neste sentido, este projeto visa promover a continuidade de trabalho desenvolvido pelo Grupo Benfica no que se refere ao desenvolvimento da sua estrutura profissional, adotando um modelo de gestão por competências capaz de desenvolver e manter os seus colaboradores competitivos. Com um grande enfoque no modelo de gestão por competências proposto por Varão e Vieira (Varão e Vieira, 2007), que se encontra detalhado na revisão da literatura, foi planeado um novo modelo para o Grupo Benfica, que se resume nas seguintes fases: identificação das competências transversais da organização; identificação das competências específicas de cada família funcional; operacionalização das competências; elaboração dos perfis individuais de competências e alinhamento com duas práticas de recursos humanos: recrutamento e seleção e avaliação de desempenho. De forma a evidenciar e clarificar a utilidade deste modelo, demonstrou-se a sua aplicabilidade na Direção de Comunicação Externa. Com o planeamento, desenvolvimento e aplicabilidade do modelo em causa, foi possível materializar de que forma o Grupo Benfica pode implementar um modelo de gestão por competências e identificar, através de uma análise critica, os fatores que carecem de melhorias ou reestruturação nas práticas de recrutamento e seleção e avaliação de desempenho, atualmente em vigor.
Given the current economic, financial and social situation, sports organizations have come to live in an atmosphere of high adversity, changes and constant struggle for success, where only one team can win. Thus, this project aims to promote the continuity of work for Grupo Benfica in regards to the development of their professional structure, adopting a management competency model able to develop and maintain their competitive employees. With a strong focus on management competency model proposed by Varão e Vieira (Varão e Vieira, 2007), which is detailed in the literature review, a new model was planned for the Grupo Benfica. Identifying the specific competences of each functional family, operationalizing of competences, preparation of individual competences profile and alignment with two practices of human resources: recruitment and selection and performance appraisal were the main objectives of the new model. In order to highlight and clarify its usefulness, it was demonstrated its applicability in Direção de Comunicação Externa. With the planning, development and applicability of the model in question, it was possible to materialize how the Grupo Benfica can implement a management competency model and identify, through a critical analysis, the factors that need to be improved or restructured in recruitment and selection and performance appraisal practices currently in effect.
Audebert, Maxime. "Approche expérimentale et modélisation du comportement au feu d'assemblages bois sous différents types de solliciations." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF22086.
Full textThe knowledge of the behavior of structures under fire conditions is essential to control the risks during a fire. As timber is a combustible material, fire safety is of main importance for the development of its use in buildings. Although experimental and numerical studies exist in the literature, their number still limited regarding the variety of the configurations and the complexity of the mechanical behavior of the connections. Among the various structural components, the joints are characterized by a complex thermomechanical behavior due mainly to the geometrical configuration combining various materials (steel and timber). They govern the load-carrying capacity of the structure and its safety, as well in normal conditions as in fire situation. Due to their complex geometrical, physical and material configurations, the behavior of the connections in fire is one of the more difficult to predict. The development of generalized models requires the combination of research based both on the experimental results given by full scale tests and the development of sophisticated numerical models validated on these tests.The experimental results of tests realized on timber-to-timber and steel-to-timber connections used as a basis for the validation of the numerical models are presented. They concern tests of longitudinal and transversal tension and flexion under normal conditions and under standardized thermal actions. The thermomechanical analysis of the connections is made from two different three-dimensional meshings for the thermal and mechanical calculations. The thermal model is continuous to take account of the thermal continuity between the joint components. The mechanical model is discontinuous to consider the contact evolution between the joint components. The thermal model isused to predict the evolution of the temperature field inside the joint depending on the gas temperature. It is validated on the basis of measured temperatures during fire tests. The mechanical model is validated by comparison with the experimental results of joints in normal conditions. It allows the analysis of the distribution of stresses within the joints. The influence of various criteria to represent the mechanical behavior of timber is also studied. Finally, the thermomechanical model, based on previous both models, allowed to predict the behaviorof the tested connections in fire situation. The thermo-mechanical model is validated considering the fire resistance duration of some joints. This duration is defined by means of displacement-time curves obtained by the numerical model. The models showed a good capacity to simulate the failure times of the timber joints in fire situations. The application of the model gave the possibility to analyse the load distribution among the fasteners of the studied joints.The model developed in this work represents well the thermomechanical behavior of the tested connections. These developed and tested models can be used as general tool to analyze the behavior of a large variety of joint configurations to constitute a data base that can be used in safe and economic practice of fire engineering of wood joints
Pinto, Edna Moura. ""Determinação de um modelo para a taxa de carbonização transversal a grã para a madeira de E. citriodora e E. grandis"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/88/88131/tde-31052006-163139/.
Full textThe rate at which the wood converts in char is determinant to evaluate the wood fire endurance, because the failure of wooden structural elements and its composites exposed to fire occurs through reduction of cross section. The fire resistance depends on cross sections dimensions that are gradually reduced when exposed to fire. Several countries have invested in research to determine the wood charring used for building construction that result in the establishment of values to different species. This work presents two charring rate models for citriodora and grandis species of Eucalyptus, that presents structural interests in assemblies in Brazil. One model for small pieces (17,2 cm x 17,2 cm x 6,0 cm) and the other using structural beam ( 0,16 cm x 0,26 cm x 2,00 m). The standard temperature x time curve was ASTM E-119.
Serpa, Camila Munafó. "Adesão ao tratamento de saúde pelo paciente hipertenso no Brasil: um estudo transversal sobre seus fatores associados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/89/89131/tde-10102016-154440/.
Full textHypertension is a global public health problem that affects on average one quarter of the world population, triggering high health spending and a high number of deaths annually. The lack of adherence to treatment for hypertension is mainly responsible for the increased morbidity and mortality, hospital admissions, spending on health and lower quality of life among patients. Objective: To analyze the clinical, demographic and economic partner associated with the degree of adherence of adults and elderly hypertensive patients, treatment for hypertension in Brazil, describing their degree of adherence. Methodology: This is an analytical cross-sectional study, using secondary data from the National Health Survey (PNS) held by IBGE in 2013, involving 7203 hypertensive patients, adults and seniors of both genders, who sought to relate the factors associated with the degree of adherence to treatment for hypertension, through beta regression with logit link function. The analysis of statistically significant variables, occurred through the odds ratio and likelihood of association with the degree of compliance. Results: The mean adherence degree of the sample was 69.48%. The factors found associated with the adherence degree were: the presence of other diseases besides high blood pressure, the degree of depression, assessment of health status, region of the country, gender, age, ethnicity, living or not living with a partner and education, and that being female is the main factor that favors adhesion and have a degree of severe depression, which favors smaller accession. Conclusion: Both clinical, economics, and demographics were significantly associated with the degree of adherence to treatment of hypertension. It is suggested that studies related to the improvement of adherence for each of the analyzed factors are carried out in order to mitigate the deleterious effects or enhance their beneficial effects, especially as for male individuals, who are more likely not to adhere to health treatments in general.
Hertweck, Michael [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Sattelmayer, and Fabrice [Gutachter] Giuliani. "Einfluss der Flammenposition auf transversale hochfrequente akustische Moden in zylindrischen Brennkammern / Michael Hertweck. Betreuer: Thomas Sattelmayer. Gutachter: Thomas Sattelmayer ; Fabrice Giuliani." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1113182113/34.
Full textSilva, Jefferson Costa e. "An?lise dos Modos Ressonantes em Antenas de Microfita sobre Substratos Iso/Anisotr?picos por T?cnicas da Resson?ncia Transversa." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2005. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15163.
Full textNeste trabalho, s?o utilizadas a T?cnica da Resson?ncia Transversa (TRT) e a T?cnica da Resson?ncia Transversa Modificada (MTRT), para a determina??o das freq??ncias dos modos ressonantes de antenas de microfita com patch quadrado, retangular e circular e com substratos isotr?picos e anisotr?picos. Para isso, ? proposto um modelo da cavidade equivalente, onde a antena tipo patch retangular ? representada como sendo a superposi??o de duas linhas infinitas em microfita, uma de largura W, representando a dimens?o que expressa a largura do patch, e a outra com largura L, representando a dimens?o que expressa o comprimento do patch. A avalia??o da efici?ncia e aplicabilidade dos m?todos citados ? realizada comparando-se com resultados experimentais e obtidos atrav?s de outras t?cnicas. Tr?s situa??es ser?o verificadas: estruturas com substrato infinito, estrutura com substrato tipo pedestal e estruturas com substrato truncado al?m dos limites da fita met?lica. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que as t?cnicas de an?lise de onda completa utilizadas neste trabalho, por um formalismo matem?tico mais rigoroso, s?o eficientes e precisas tanto na aplica??o em estruturas com substrato isotr?pico como nas que possuem substrato anisotr?pico. Inicialmente s?o consideradas apenas as estruturas com substratos isotr?picos, com diferentes constantes diel?tricas, e ? avaliada a influ?ncia da largura do substrato sobre as freq??ncias dos modos ressonantes das antenas. Posteriormente, a an?lise do truncamento do diel?trico ? realizada para estruturas com substrato anisotr?pico. Em todos os casos, os resultados experimentais, obtidos a partir da constru??o de prot?tipos, s?o confrontados com os obtidos a partir de simula??o, utilizando as t?cnicas TRT e MTRT. No final, as t?cnicas descritas s?o utilizadas para antenas tipo patch circular, sendo utilizada uma t?cnica de equival?ncia para transformar a antena circular em outra quadrada ou retangular equivalente, dependendo do modo que se queira encontrar. Os resultados obtidos s?o ent?o analisados, observando-se uma boa concord?ncia e indicando a viabilidade do m?todo. Ap?s isso, s?o apresentadas as conclus?es e sugeridos alguns temas para a continuidade deste trabalho
Oliveira, Emmanuel Gräve de. "Efeitos nucleares no processo Drell-Yan : formalismos de dipolos de cor e de momentum transversal intrínseco." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/24735.
Full textThe main topic of this thesis is the study of nuclear effects in Drell–Yan dilepton production at RHIC and LHC energies. Two approaches are employed: the color dipole approach and the parton model with intrinsic transverse momentum. In the first chapter, a brief introduction and the motivation to the study are presented. Chapt. 2 reviews the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) in the parton model and the parton distribution functions of protons (CTEQ) and of nucleons (EKS, EPS08 e EPS09) are examinated. The DIS in the dipole frame is also discussed. Chapt. 3 reviews the theoretical foundations of the color dipole approach and the dipole cross section. The main equations that drive the dipole evolution are shown, followed by the phenomenological parameterizations GBW, DHJ, BUW, and ABGS. A new model is proposed: the AGBS parameterization with fluctuations. When fitted to HERA data, the new parameterization does not differ from the old AGBS, indicating that fluctuations are not needed to reproduce DIS data at current energies. Chapt. 4 discusses the parton model in the Drell–Yan process. This approach is considered at leading order, at next-to-leading order (NLO), and at NLO with intrinsic transverse momentum, as only in the last case the dilepton transverse momentum distribution can be obtained in agreement with experiments. Afterwards, the color dipole approach applied to the process is examined, giving at leading order a transverse momentum distribution compatible with experiments. The results are calculations to the nuclear modification factor (RpA) at backward rapidities as function of rapidity and transverse momentum. The use of backward rapidities of the color dipole approach is an original contribution, as well as the comparison of this approach with the parton model with intrinsic transverse momentum. Effects of large (EMC effect and antishadowing) and of small x (shadowing) are seen. It is shown that the intrinsic transverse momentum is particularly important, changing the nuclear modification factor of about 10%. When different parameterizations of the dipole cross section are compared, the dilepton production does not show significant discrepancies, suggesting the it is not sensitive to the parametrization details, such as the possibility of geometric scaling breaking present in DHJ parameterization. Furthermore, the parton model results are extended to forward rapidities and compared with results of the color glass condensate. At RHIC energies, the approaches agree, while at LHC energies, unless the nuclear parameterization shows a very strong nuclear shadowing (EPS08 case), the approaches disagree, due to the different behaviors of gluon shadowing and quark shadowing. The unidimensional model, a toy model of the dipole evolution that includes the fluctuation effects is also investigated. Specificaly, the possibilities of geometric scaling and difusive scaling in cross sections are discussed.
Rivera, Edward Bernard Bastiaan de Rivera Y. "Painéis não estacionários e previsibilidade ao nível da empresa na presença de quebras estruturais e dependência nas seções transversais." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2014. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/816.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The contribution of this thesis is the application of a new perspective in the assessment of the rational expectations model at the enterprise level, conducted in Nasseh and Straus (2004), Goddard, McMillan and Wilson (2008) and Rivera Rivera, Martin, Marçal and Basso (2012). These works investigate micro efficiency hypothesis in the sense presented in Jung and Shiller (2005) and adopt the restrictive hypotheses of independence in the error terms of the sample companies, as well as the absence of structural breaks. Common movements in stock prices characterize the systematic risk from unobserved common factors and structural breaks, such as financial crises, induce shifts in the relationship between prices and fundamentals. The objective of this investigation is the analysis of the rational expectations model at the enterprise level with constant and time-varying returns under the presence of multiple structural breaks and cross-sectional dependence. Recent econometric procedures of panel unit root and cointegration that contain properties of structural breaks and dependences are applied to Sao Paulo Stock Exchange (Bovespa) and S&P100 companies quarterly data covering the period of 1994-2012. Considering a multifactor error structure, results indicate a failure in the rejection of a unit root in (log) prices and (log) dividends. Panel cointegration analysis allowing structural breaks and cross-sectional dependence controlling to the presence of bubbles indicate that established procedures might not detect present structural breaks or generate oscilating statistics in size and power depending on the panel dimensions. A computational extention is developed allowing for enterprise-level structural breaks and cross-sectional dependence through bootstrap techniques. Results fail to reject the rational expectations model at the enterprise level and are consistent with the statistical significance and break dates detected in time-series cointegration routines. Evidences favor rationality and unforecastability of returns, where investors cannot profit consistently through speculation and active portfolio management.
A contribuição deste estudo é a aplicação de uma nova perspectiva na análise do modelo de expectativas racionais ao nível da empresa, conduzida em Nasseh e Strauss (2004), Goddard, McMillan e Wilson (2008) e Rivera Rivera, Martin, Marçal e Basso (2012). Estes trabalhos investigam a hipótese de micro eficiência analisada em Jung e Shiller (2005) e adotam hipóteses restritivas de independência nos termos de erro das empresas, assim como a ausência de quebras estruturais. Movimentos comuns nos preços dos ativos caracterizam o risco sistemático a partir de fatores não observados e as quebras estruturais, como crises financeiras, provocam mudanças nas relações entre preços e seus fundamentos. Neste sentido, o objetivo do estudo consiste na análise do modelo de expectativas racionais ao nível da empresa com taxas requeridas de retorno constantes e variáveis no tempo, admitindo-se a presença de múltiplas quebras estruturais e dependência nas seções transversais. Aplicam-se procedimentos econométricos recentemente desenvolvidos de raiz unitária e cointegração em painel que contenham as propriedades de quebras estruturais e dependências para dados trimestrais das empresas da Bovespa e S&P100 no período de 1994 a 2012. Os resultados indicam que, com uma estrutura de erro multifatorial, falha-se em rejeitar a hipótese nula de raiz unitária para (log de) preços e (log de) dividendos. Na análise de cointegração em painel com quebras estruturais e dependências que controlam a presença de bolhas racionais, procedimentos estabelecidos podem não detectar quebras presentes ou possuem estatísticas que oscilam em tamanho e poder conforme as dimensões do painel. Desenvolve-se uma extensão computacional que comporta quebras desconhecidas invididuais para as empresas e lida com dependências por meio de técnicas de reamostragens. Os resultados falham em rejeitar o modelo de expectativas racionais ao nível da empresa e são consistentes em significância estatística e datas de quebras detectadas em rotinas de cointegração para séries temporais aplicadas individualmente às empresas. Evidências favorecem a racionalidade dos agentes e imprevisibilidade de retornos, em que os investidores não poderiam obter lucros consistentes por meio da especulação e gerenciamento ativo de carteiras.
Koslowski, Adrien. "L’Enseignement Technologique Transversal chez les enseignants de Sciences de l’Ingénieur issus de différentes spécialités : étude de cas à propos du concept d’énergie." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAL009/document.
Full textThis research focuses on the setting of different flexibility’s criteria established by engineering science teachers (task’s acceptation, motivation, utility perceived …) and on the comparison of methods of modeling energy between Technology and Physics. The methodology used is based on the analysis of five types of data: the collection of difficulties to teach some knowledge, the collection of difficulties specific to energy teaching, some records of interactions between teachers during a classroom simulation, the collection of students' difficulties in terms of energy concepts and the collection of potential difficulties in technological education. The results show that the teachers don’t report the same levels of difficulty for teaching energy according to their specialty as the students who report varying levels of difficulty to understand energy
Coutinho, Letícia Maria Silva. "Comparação empírica dos modelos Cox, log-binominal e Poisson para estimar razões de prevalência." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-19022009-113657/.
Full textIntroduction: In cross-sectional studies with binary outcomes, the association between exposure and outcome is estimated with the prevalence ratio (PR). Cox, log-binomial and Poisson regression models have been suggested as statistical methods that yield correct estimates of PR adjusted for confounding variables. Aim: To compare empirically Cox, log-binomial, Poisson and logistic regressions for outcomes with low, intermediate and high prevalence. Methodology: The data came from an epidemiologic population-based cross-sectional study about prevalence of dementia and other mental health problems among older persons from an economically deprived area in the city of Sao Paulo. The diagnosis of dementia (low prevalence), caseness for common mental disorders (intermediate prevalence) and poor self-rated health (high prevalence) were chosen as outcomes of the study. Reference values for point and interval estimates of PR were obtained with the Mantel-Haenszel stratification. Adjusted estimates of PR were then calculated using Cox, log-binomial and Poisson regression models. Crude and adjusted Odds Ratios (OR) were obtained with logistic regression. Results: The point and interval estimates obtained with Poisson and Cox regressions, with robust variance, approximated very well to those obtained with Mantel-Haenszel stratification, independently of the outcome base prevalence, and allowed to control for continuous covariates. The log-binomial model performed slightly worse than the Poisson and Cox models when the outcome had a high prevalence, with difficulty in convergence. Logistic regression produced point and interval estimates that were always higher than those obtained by the other methods, and were particularly higher when the outcome was frequent. Conclusion: The Cox and Poisson models, with robust variance, are good alternatives to logistic regression. Regarding the log-binomial regression model, it is necessary to be alert to restrictions in its use, since it may yield estimates slightly different from those generated by the others methods when the outcome has a high prevalence and also presents difficulty in convergence with the continuous covariate in the model. When analyzing associations in cross-sectional studies, investigators should use regression methods that yield adequate point and interval estimates regardless of the base prevalence of the outcome investigated
Cardoso, Gleisieli Carla Petelinkar Baessa. "Influência da relação espacial (anteroposterior e transversal) dos segmentos maxilares prévio à queiloplastia sobre o índice oclusal em pacientes com fissura completa de lábio e palato unilateral." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-07012014-160224/.
Full textBackground and Purpose: It is known that primary lip and palate repair in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (CUCLP) causes inhibition of increasing displacement of the maxillary base, as well as of the dentoalveolar region. However, the maxilla divided in two different segments with varied anatomical conditions, as well as the transverse and anteroposterior changes, may be among the etiologic factors to yield deficient maxillary and dentoalveolar growth. This study aimed to evaluate, by dental casts obtained before primary surgeries of patients with CUCLP, the influence of the anteroposterior and transverse spatial relationship of maxillary segments and the cleft width on the maxillary growth and occlusal relationship scored by the Five years old Index. Methods: A total of 357 dental casts of the maxillary arch before lip and palate closure were scanned and evaluated as to the cleft width and anteroposterior and transverse spatial relationship of maxillary segments. Group 1 had maxillary segments contacting in the anterior region; Group 2 presented maxillary segments with spacing between them and different degrees of anteroposterior discrepancy (a=mild; b=moderate and c=severe), and Group 3 exhibited collapse between the two segments, being that the lesser segment presented flexure to the median region. The cleft width was scored as narrow (N), regular (R), wide (W) and very wide (WW) by the visual method in anterior, medium and posterior regions. The intraoral photographs at six years of age were used for the rating dental relationship from 1 to 5 scores, following characteristics of Five years old Index.and then relating to the spatial relationship of the anteroposterior and lateral segments jaws. Results: A single investigator performed the assessments and the kappa test showed that the intraexaminer agreement was almost perfect. The statistical evaluation between the occlusal index and the spatial relationship and cleft width was performed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. It was defined spatial relation, showing a prevalence of 56.82% 2b Group and the less prevalent obtained in Group 3. In the occlusal analysis of this work observed a higher prevalence of index 3, with 36.33%, whose prognosis for orthodontic treatment is regular. There was no statistically significant in the correlation between the occlusal and anteroposterior discrepancy between the maxillary segments. However, this was not observed for the cleft width before primary surgery, which statistically influenced the outcomes of the occlusal index. Conclusions: The different degrees of anteroposterior discrepancy of greater and lesser segments did not influence the interarch relationship. The cleft width between the maxillary segments influenced the interarch relationship, with poor maxillary growth in greater cleft widths.
SHOMBERT, Henry Hodelin. "Simulação micromagnética para o estudo dos efeitos de rugosidade em nanofios de níquel." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17699.
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Neste trabalho é realizado um estudo sobre os efeitos das rugosidades nas propriedades magnéticas de nanofios de níquel para os modos de reversão curling e transversal. Para o estudo adotamos a simulação micromagnética como ferramenta fundamental e para ser implementada utilizamos OOMMF. Para mudar a rugosidade utilizamos uma cadeia de elipsóides e uma forma de variar este parâmetro foi fixando o comprimento dos fios em 1 μm e mudando o número de elipsóides na cadeia. Dessa forma a relação de aspecto dos elipsóides foi modificada para ser entendida como câmbios na rugosidade. Nas análises realizamos estudos dinâmicos e estáticos da reversão dos momentos. A simulação se baseia fundamentalmente na resolução da equação LLG. Nos estudos dinâmicos monitoramos a dependência temporal dos mapas de momentos a das componentes transversais da magnetização depois de ser invertido o campo aplicado. Foram simulados os ciclos de histerese através da minimização da energia livre de Gibbs. Nos estudos estáticos monitoramos a dependência ângular do campo coercitivo, campo de comutação e a magnetização remanente. Observamos em modo geral que há grandes efeitos das rugosidades sobre as propriedades magnéticase que nossos resultados reproduzem os reportados na literatura assim como as curvas experimentais.
This work is a study on the effects of roughness on the magnetic properties of nickel nanowires for their reversal modes (curling and transversal). For the study we adopted the micromagnetic simulation as a fundamental tool and we used OOMMF to implemented. To change the roughness use ellipsoids chain and a way to vary this parameter was securing the length of the wires in 1 μm and changing the number of ellipsoids in the sequence. Thus the ellipsoids of the aspect ratio has been modified to be understood as the exchange roughness. In the analyzes we perform static and dynamic studies of the reversal of moments. The simulation is based largely on the resolution of the LLG equation. In dynamic studies we monitor the time dependence of the maps of magnetic moments and the transverse components of the magnetization after being reversed the field applied. The hysteresis cycles were simulated by minimization of Gibbs free energy.In static studies we monitor the angular dependence of the coercive field, the switching field and remanent magnetization. We observe in general that there are major effects of roughness on the magnetic properties and that our results reproduce the reported in the literature as well as the experimental curves.
Oliveira, Valéria Marinho Costa de. "Estudo comparativo da mensuração de ventrículo esquerdo por meio de ecocardiografia nos modos M e bidimensional, nos cortes transversal e longitudinal em cães adultos normais da raça Pastor Alemão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-18082010-165246/.
Full textLeft ventricle (LV) evaluation is one of the most important contributions of echocardiography in the assessment of cardiac function. It includes measurements of internal diameter and wall thickness at end-diastole and end-sistole of this chamber. M Mode echocardiography has been widely used for measuring linear dimensions and quantifying systolic function, but bidimensional mode is also used with the same purpose. The LV measurement can be derived from transverse or longitudinal images of the heart. The establishment of normal confidence intervals of LV dimensions allows identification of concentric or excentric ventricular remodeling process secondary to cardiovascular and systemic diseases. The aim of this study was to compare LV measurements obtained from four methods: M mode in short-axis, M mode in long-axis, bidimensional mode in short-axis and bidimensional mode in long-axis view of the heart. In addition the effect of weight and gender over measures was studied in the methods mentioned above. Forty adult German Shepherds without cardiovascular diseases were selected. The echocardiogram of each animal included the four described methods, according previous referenced recommendations. The effects of axis and mode as well as weight and gender were studied for each linear or derived LV measure. Weight correlated with all linear LV measures at least in one method, but not with ejection fraction (EF) and shortening fraction (SF). All LV measures of males were greater than those of females at least in one method, except for EF and SF, which did not differ between sexes. Isolated effect of the axis was observed only for LV end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), with greater values obtained from short-axis views. The combined effect of axis, gender and weight was identified in interventricular septal end diastolic thickness. There was isolated effect of mode over EF and SF, with greater measures derived from bidimensional mode methods. Weight had isolated significant positive effect over LV enddiastole posterior wall thickness in all methods, except from M mode performed in short axis, and LV end-sistolic diameter. Gender had isolated effect only over LVEDD, males showing greater values than females in bidimensional mode in short and long axis. Professionals should be aware of the possibility of erroneous interpretation when using data obtained by a different method of that used in the patient exam as reference, mainly for the values situated in inferior and superior limits of confidence intervals.
Silva, Bianka Sousa Martins. "Fatores associados ? ocorr?ncia da viol?ncia de g?nero." Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2014. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/139.
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Objective: To assess factors related to the occurrence of gender violence in a population of northeastern Bahia in 2007 and identify risk behaviors in women who have witnessed family violence during their childhood and were victims of violence in adulthood. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 4170 individuals, of both sexes, aged 15 years and living in the city of Feira de Santana , Bahia. A probabilistic sample of clusters derived from census tracts was used. Data were collected during home visits with use of household and individual questionnaire record. Bivariate and the Chi square test analyzes were performed considering IC95 % and p ? 0.05 for statistically significant association. To verify the factors associated with violence , we used a hierarchical logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of physical and / or emotional violence was 18,63%. Regarding the history of violence in childhood prevalence was equal to 12,14%. Women had a higher prevalence (19,7%) than men (16,5%) with 1,31 times higher prevalence of victimization. It was observed that women who have never been to school (15,08%), non-white (12,61%) and had an income of up to 1 minimum wage (14.17%) had a higher incidence of physical violence in childhood. The women drinkers had 1,43 times higher prevalence of experiencing violence in childhood and, in relation to smoking, this prevalence increased to 1,56. Adjusted by hierarchical logistic regression analysis showed a positive association between women suffer physical and / or emotional violence with household type (RP = 1,28; IC95%: 1,10; 1,54), type of building (RP = 1,66; IC95%: 1,14; 2,41), smoking (RP = 1,36; IC95%: 1,10; 1,70) and violence in childhood (RP = 2,13; IC95%: 1,79; 2,53). Conclusions: Gender violence is a complex problem with social roots and that deserves to be addressed as a public health problem . Thus , it is urgent policies to combat poverty , interpersonal conflicts, especially those from the interior of the family system , substance use , particularly alcohol measures as well as preparation in the care of victims of violence and the deployment of a service to protect women victimized because many remain silent for fear of reprisals from their attackers.
Objetivo: Analisar os fatores relacionados ? ocorr?ncia da viol?ncia de g?nero em uma popula??o do nordeste da Bahia no ano de 2007 e identificar os comportamentos de risco de mulheres que presenciaram viol?ncia na fam?lia durante sua inf?ncia e foram v?timas de viol?ncia na vida adulta. M?todos: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal realizado com 4170 indiv?duos, de ambos os sexos, com idade acima de 15 anos e residentes no munic?pio de Feira de Santana-BA. Foi utilizada uma amostra probabil?stica de conglomerados derivados de setores censit?rios. Os dados foram coletados em visitas domiciliares com uso de ficha domiciliar e question?rio individual. Foram realizadas an?lises bivariadas e Teste do Qui Quadrado de Pearson, considerando IC95% e p ? 0,05 para associa??o estatisticamente significante. Para verificar os fatores associados ? viol?ncia, empregou-se a an?lise de regress?o log?stica hierarquizada. Resultados: A preval?ncia de viol?ncia f?sica e/ou emocional foi de 18,63%. Em rela??o ? hist?ria de viol?ncia na inf?ncia a preval?ncia foi igual a 12,14%. As mulheres apresentaram preval?ncia superior (19,7%) aos homens (16,5%) com preval?ncia 1,31 vezes maior de vitimiza??o. Foi poss?vel observar que mulheres que nunca foram ? escola (15,08%), n?o brancas (12,61%) e que tinham renda de at? 1 sal?rio m?nimo (14,17%) apresentaram maior ocorr?ncia de viol?ncia f?sica na inf?ncia. As mulheres etilistas tiveram preval?ncia 1,43 vezes maior de ter sofrido viol?ncia na inf?ncia e, em rela??o ao h?bito de fumar, esta preval?ncia aumentou para 1,56. A an?lise ajustada por regress?o log?stica hierarquizada mostrou uma associa??o positiva entre a mulher sofrer viol?ncia f?sica e/ou emocional com tipo de domic?lio (RP = 1,28; IC95%: 1,10; 1,54), tipo de edifica??o (RP = 1,66; IC95%: 1,14; 2,41), tabagismo (RP = 1,36; IC95%: 1,10; 1,70) e viol?ncia na inf?ncia (RP = 2,13; IC95%: 1,79; 2,53). Conclus?es: A viol?ncia de g?nero ? um problema complexo com ra?zes sociais e que merece ser abordada como um problema de sa?de p?blica. Assim, urge medidas pol?ticas para o combate da pobreza, conflitos interpessoais, sobretudo os oriundos do interior do sistema familiar, ao consumo de subst?ncias, principalmente o ?lcool, bem como o preparo no atendimento das v?timas de viol?ncia e a implanta??o de um servi?o de prote??o ?s mulheres vitimizadas, pois muitas se calam por medo de sofrer repres?lias por parte de seus agressores.
Alcaraz, i. Sendra Olga. "Estudi de sals foses mitjançant la dinàmica molecular." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6617.
Full textComencem la primera part amb el capítol 1, fent una introducció a les sals 1:1 foses que havien estat estudiades anteriorment, és a dir, els halurs alcalins i els halurs de coure i el AgI. Posem de relleu les característiques principals d'aquestes sals i expliquem els models que s'han utilitzat per estudiar-les.
En el segon capítol proposem un mètode per determinar els factors d'estructura estàtics, que permet optimitzar el temps de càlcul i alhora obtenir unes funcions sense gaire soroll. El fet de disposar de bons factors d'estructura estàtics permet la comparació amb resultats experimentals de difracció elàstica de neutrons. A més a més, en aquest capítol aprofitem per descriure a l'espai recíproc les propietats estructurals dels halurs alcalins i de coure fosos.
En els capítols tercer i quart, presentem els resultats de la dinàmica molecular del AgCl i el AgBr, i dels halurs de tal·li, respectivament. Aquestes sals s'han modelat considerant els potencials proposats conjuntament amb els Drs. Moises Silbert i Çetin Tasseven de la Universitat de East Anglia. Aquests potencials permeten reproduir bastant bé els factors d'estructura i les conductivitats iòniques experimentals. L'anàlisi de les funcions de distribució radial i els factors d'estructura estàtics, així com de les funcions de correlació de velocitats i els desplaçaments quadràtics mitjans, mostra que aquestes sals tenen un comportament intermedi entre els halurs alcalins (on els anions i cations tenen una mida molt semblant) i els halurs de coure (on els cations són molt més petits que els anions). També hem fet un estudi de la influència de la massa i la mida dels ions en la seva dinàmica individual.
A la Part II del treball, per tal d'estudiar les fluctuacions de densitat i dels corrents en els halurs de coure fosos hem triat el CuCl i el CuI. En el CuCl els ions més grans (els anions) són més lleugers que els cations, en canvi, en el CuI són més pesants. A més a més, aquest estudi l'hem completat amb dos halurs alcalins com el KCl i el RbCl. En aquestes dues sals els cations i els anions són de mida semblant, però mentre que en el RbCl els anions són més lleugers que els cations, en el KCl tenen quasi la mateixa massa. D'aquesta manera podem veure quina és la influència de la massa i la mida en aquestes propietats.
En el capítol cinc estudiem el procés d'autodifusió dels ions mitjançant les funcions de scattering intermèdies self i els seus espectres, anomenats factors d'estructura dinàmics self. A l'últim apartat comparem els resultats de les nostres simulacions per al CuCl amb els resultats experimentals de difracció quasielàstica de neutrons obtinguts pel Dr. Spencer Howells del Rutherford Appleton Laboratory.
El capítol sis l'hem dedicat a les fluctuacions de densitat en sals 1:1 foses mitjançant les funcions de scattering intermèdies i els corresponents factors d'estructura dinàmics. Aquestes funcions revelen la presència de modes col·lectius acústics i òptics associats a les fluctuacions de la densitat de massa i de càrrega, respectivament. Aquests modes són una reminiscència dels modes acústic i òptic a l'estat sòlid.
En el capítol set estudiem de les correlacions entre els corrents longitudinals i transversals, així com dels modes col·lectius que hi estan relacionats.
Finalment presentem les conclusions i les perspectives de continuació d'aquest treball. A més a més, hem inclòs cinc apèndix on fem un recull argumentat de totes les definicions de les propietats que hem calculat.
Baltas, Pavlos. "L'évolution de la fécondité en Grèce depuis 1960 : spécificités et inflexions récentes." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0090/document.
Full textThe longitudinal analysis of fertility shows that the low values of the period TF from 1980 to 2000was the result of the postponement of births, as women who born after 1960 were putting offparenthood to later ages which depressed period fertility rates. The increase of period TF in the firstdecade of 2000 is due to fertility “recuperation”, through the increase in fertility rates at ages over 30years old. The recuperation is incomplete and the cohort fertility has significantly reduced over timeAnalysis of cohort fertility by biological birth order shows a mean age of childbearing in first childincreasingly high and a significant increase of childlessness. The 20-25% of woman born from1970 to1975 in Greece will remain childlessness. The reduction of complete fertility in generations is largelydue to the fact that more and more women reaching the age of 49 years old without having achildren. Also the family size is reduced over the generations, two child family becoming the norm.The parity progression ratios reduced at all birth orders and especially a2 and a3. The low percentageof births outside marriage in Greece (6,7% 2013) revealed the important role of marriage inchildbearing. Data from the censuses (1991,2001,2011) show that unmarried women over 49 yearsold, had on average a total fertility between 0,05 to 0,15 children/women and a childlessness ratebetween 85 and 95%. The examination of a series of economic indicators like GDP andunemployment rate alongside with period TF reveals the strong correlation between the twophenomena. The short time series (2009-2012) does not allow us to know whether this reduction ofperiod fertility will have an impact on the cohort fertility
Ksentini, Olfa. "Etude du dévissage spontané d'un assemblage boulonné soumis à des sollicitations transverses dynamiques." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAT0036/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the study of the self-loosening of bolted joints under transverse dynamic loads. Experimental and numerical work was carried out in order to reveal this phenomenon under conditions close to those of actual assemblies. An experiment allowed the loosening of a bolt to be caused by subjecting the assembly to transverse vibration with respect to the axis of the screw. Effects of preload, surface treatment and disposal of the screws were explored. These results were compared with those obtained by a detailed numerical model using the finite element method. However, due to the complexity of the geometry and modeling challenges at the local level, the computation time was very long and may be prohibitive for an industrial study. To remedy this problem, two simplified models were developed, one with a finite element approach associated with a kinematic connector, and one by unidimensional modeling. These simplified models correctly reproduce the self-loosening phenomenon and confirm their efficiency in terms of computation time
Cassenote, Alex Jones Flores. "Frequência de anticorpos anti-Toxocara spp em escolares do município de Fernandópolis- SP, Brasil e análise da contaminação do solo por ovos do parasito." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-25112010-094916/.
Full textToxocariasis is a zoonosis of worldwide occurrence. It is defined as the human infection by larvae of nematodes, especially Toxocara canis, common intestinal parasite of dogs. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of anti-Toxocara spp antibodies, identify risk factors in groups of school children from the city of Fernandópolis/SP and evaluate soil contamination by eggs of this and other geohelminths between 2007 and 2008. It was conducted a cross-sectional study using complex sampling for the assessment of human toxocariasis. The diagnostic method used was the ELISA test for detection of IgG anti-Toxocara spp antibodies. The study of soil contamination was done through evaluation of soil samples from public places, sand boxes of municipal schools and evaluation of dogs stool samples from 10 public places. Two hundred and fifty two children were evaluated in two strata, the first with 120 children (47.6%) from low income families and the second with 132 (52.4%) from high income ones. The overall frequency of antibodies anti-Toxocara spp was 15.4% (39), being 28.3% (34) for the first stratum compared with 3.7% (5) of the second (p <0.000). The exposure to geophagy (exposed: adjusted OR 14.65 - CI 95% = 2.14 to 89.25; very exposed: adjusted OR 19.15 - CI 95%= 2.96 to 123.94), the habit of rising objects up to the mouth (exposed: adjusted OR 9.31 1.63 to 53.03; very exposed: adjusted OR 42.29 - CI 95%= 5.49 to 326.01) and the presence of more than two dogs at home (adjusted OR 21.25 - 1.7 to 264.87) were variables associated with positivity. The habit of washing hands before meals (adjusted OR 0.01 - CI 95% = 0.00 to 0.05) represented an important protective factor. Were evaluated 225 samples of soil: 71% (160) from public places and 29% (65) of municipal schools. It was observed a high contamination of public places with 28.4% (64) being positive, while in school positivity was 1.7% (6). The most frequent parasites eggs found were Toxocara spp 79.6% (47), Trichuris spp 13.5% (8) and Ancylostomatidae 6.4% (4). They were also evaluated 400 fecal samples of dogs and observed a positivity of 23.7% (95). The most frequent parasites observed in positive samples were Ancylostoma simile 74.7% (71) and Toxocara canis 53.6% (51). The anti-Toxocara spp antibodies positivity in school children from Fernandópolis/SP was relatively low. The main factors of risk/protection concern to modifiable issues like geophagy, the habit of rising objects up to the mouth, the existence of more than two dogs at home and the habit of washing hands before meals. The soil of public places of Fernandópolis/SP and feces samples collected from the environment were highly contaminated with zoonotic helminths and represent important source of infection for the population
Barlabé, i. Dalmau Antoni. "Anàlisi de discontinuïtats finline." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6936.
Full text-el método de las líneas con discretizacion uniforme y no uniforme.
-el método de los elementos finitos aplicado al análisis de guías homogéneas e inhomogeneas.
-el método de la matriz de lineas de transmisión tridimensional.
-el método de la matriz se generalizada para el análisis de estructuras uniformes y discontinuidades planares.
-el método del dominio espectral para el análisis de estructuras planares uniformes.
-el método del circuito planar con corrección de la dispersión.
Se ha elegido el método de la resonancia transversal generalizado como el mas idóneo para el análisis preciso y rápido de discontinuidades finline con un mínimo de recursos informáticos. Se ha desarrollado incluyendo el carácter singular de los campos en las aristas de la estructura, consiguiéndose minimizar el fenómeno de la convergencia relativa y obteniéndose resultados precisos con expansiones reducidas de las funciones modales que representan los campos, validándose los resultados obtenidos al analizar diversas estructuras con medidas experimentales.
Rifi, Mohamad Azzam. "Propagation d'ondes dans un canal plan en presence d'ecoulement." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2318.
Full textFreitas, Isabel Cristina Martins de. "O efeito contextual de vizinhança sobre os indicadores de obesidade e respectivos fatores associados no projeto OBEDIARP: aplicação de modelos multinível." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-15082012-133004/.
Full textObjectives: To identify the distribution of the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (waistC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and conicity index (CI), according to demographic, socioeconomic, health-related and behavioral variables, in the population aged 30 years and older, living in Ribeirão Preto - SP, Brazil, in 2006; to assess shaping effect of geographical regions on associated factors related to anthropometric indexes as well as to estimate the contribution of the ecological level to the outcomes. Methods: Population-based cross-sectional epidemiological study with multistage sampling. Sampling weights were calculated to compose the total number of eligible participants and correct for the non-response rate, in each census tract, resulting in a weighted sample of 2,197 participants. Means and confidence intervals (95%) were calculated for the anthropometric indexes, according to gender, in the categories of the independent variables. To compare the mean outcomes in the categories of the independent variables, ANOVA (one criterion) was used. Linear trend tests were applied for variables with more than two categories. Significance level was 5%. To identify anthropometric indexes correlates, two-level fixed-effects multilevel linear models were applied. The 81 census tracts drawn were grouped in four geographical regions of the city (ecological level). Multilevel analysis followed a hierarchical conceptual model to assess the direct effect of individual variables and the contribution of the ecological level to the outcomes (rho). Point and confidence intervals (95%) for the effect measures (?) were calculated for independent variables. Firstly, these effect measures were calculated in partial models that included the variables of each hierarchical block, adjusted for the preceding blocks\' variables. In the final models, statistically significant variables (p< 0.05) were kept, after adjusting for the preceding blocks. For the outcomes, the adjusted means were calculated in the categories of the independent variables, according to geographical regions. Adjusted means differences between extreme categories of independent variables were calculated to assess the shaping effect of the geographical regions. All estimates took into account the design effect. Results: Higher mean of BMI were detected, in both gender, among those who reported familial antecedents of overweight, personal history of obesity, took medicines in the last 15 days, and adopted a weight loss diet. Among women, higher mean of BMI were found among the older, those with lower education level, who had lived in the city for longer time and reported familial antecedents of stroke (STR). The BMI correlates were: gender (?= -0.814; CI95% : -1.514 - -0.113), age (?= 0.050; CI95% : 0.014 - 0.086), education (?= -0.101; CI95% : -0.206 - -0.005), familial antecedents of overweight (?= 1.214; CI95% : 0.468 - 1.961), personal antecedents of overweight (?= 6.422; CI95% : 5.724 - 7.119) and total fat consumption (?= 0.029; CI95% : 0.008 - 0.051), considering the 11% contribution of the ecological level. The smallest adjusted means differences of BMI were mainly detected at the extreme categories of the following variables: gender, age strata, education and total fat consumption in the North and West regions. Higher means for the three central obesity indexes (waistC, WHR and CI) were observed among the older, with a lower education level, classified in the lowest income groups, who had lived in the city for longer time, with familial antecedents of overweight, personal antecedents of obesity, and among those classified as \"pre-obese\" and \"obese\". The waistC correlated included: gender (?= -8.686; CI95% : -9.439 - -7.932), age (?= 0.169; CI95% : 0.122 - 0.216), familial antecedents of STR (?= 0.689; CI95% : 0.051 - 1.327), personal antecedents of obesity (?= 2.363; CI95% : 0.320 - 4.410), BMI (?= 1.689; CI95% : 1.437 - 1.941), nº of medicines taken (?= 0.259; CI95% : 0.078 - 0.440), smoking time (?= 0.035; CI95% : 0.008 - 0.061), and total energy of diet (?= 0.084; CI95% : 0.012 - 0.157), considering the 12.4% contribution of the ecological level. The smallest adjusted means differences of waistC were detected at the extreme categories of the following variables: familial antecedents of STR, smoking time, and total energy of diet in the North and West. The correlates of WHR were: gender (?= -.099; CI95% : -0.107 - -0.090), age (?= 0.002; CI95%: 0.001 - 0.003), BMI (?= 0.004; CI95% : 0.003 - 0.005), nº of medicines taken (?= 0.004; CI95% : 0.001 - 0.007), smoking time (?= 0.0006; CI95% : 0.0004 - 0.0009), alcohol addiction (?= 0.013; CI95% : 0.003 - 0.022), weight loss diet (?= 0.017; CI95% : 0.004 - 0.030) and carbohydrate consumption (?= 0.0001; CI95% : 0.0001 - 0.0002). The ecological level contributed with 12%. The smallest adjusted means differences of WHR were detected at the extreme categories of the variables: nº of medicines taken and carbohydrate consumption in the West of the city. The CI correlates included: gender (?= -0.068; CI95% : -0.076 - -0.056), age (?= 0.003; CI95% : 0.002 - 0.004), familial antecedents of STR (?= 0.008; CI95% : 0.001 - 0.016), BMI (?= 0.005; CI95% : 0.004 - 0.006), access to health services (?= -0.011; CI95% : -0.020 - -0.002), nº of medicines taken (?= 0.004; CI95% : 0.002 - 0.007), smoking time (?= 0.0004; CI95% : 0.0001 - 0.0007), alcohol addiction (?= 0.011; CI95% : 0.001 - 0.020), weight loss diet (?= 0.015; CI95% : 0.002 - 0.030) and MUFA´s consumption (?= -0.0005; CI95% : -0.0010 - -0.0001), with 14.1% of contribution from the ecological level. The smallest adjusted means differences of CI were detected at the extreme categories of the variables: access to health services and alcohol addiction, in the North region. Conclusions: In the Ribeirão Preto city, the North and West regions were identified as obesogenic areas. Thus to promoting health behaviors and preventing the obesity in the city it should be taken into account that interventions might be applied not only for changing individual behaviors, since the impact of those interventions may be minimized or constrained by the contextual effect imposed by those regions.
Toscano, Danilo. "Estudo via simulação computacional da dinâmica da magnetização em nanomagnetos contendo uma distribuição de impurezas magnéticas." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4904.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Durante as últimas décadas a dinâmica da magnetização em sistemas nano-estruturados tornou-se um assunto de importância fundamental não apenas para o Micromagnetismo, mas também às suas aplicações tecnológicas. Nanomagnetos são sistemas interessantes para estudar estruturas magnéticas exóticas, tais como vórtices, skyrmions e paredes de domínio. A compreensão das propriedades estáticas e dinâmicas dessas configurações de spins em nano-escala é um requerimento crucial para a realização de futuros dispositivos baseados em spintrônica. Devido à anisotropia de forma que se origina da interação dipolar, as configurações magnéticas que surgem em sistemas nano-estruturados são bastante sensíveis à forma geométrica e às dimensões do nanomagneto. Este trabalho é focado no estudo de nanomagnetos planares, nos formatos de disco e fita, feitos com um material magnético macio como o Permalloy. O vórtice magnético é observado num nanodisco com dimensões adequadas, porque ele é um estado intermediário entre os regimes de mono e multi-domínio. Sob condições apropriadas, uma única parede de domínio transversal pode ser experimentalmente injetada num nanofio retangular. Tanto o núcleo do vórtice quanto a parede de domínio comportam-se como quasipartículas, cujas propriedades podem ser manipuladas por um agente externo (campo magnético ou corrente de spin-polarizado). Para pequenas amplitudes de excitação, é sabido que o núcleo do vórtice descreve um movimento circular (modo girotrópico), enquanto que a parede de domínio transversal fica restrita a um movimento unidimensional. Neste regime, cada quasipartícula evolui sem mudar a sua polaridade; uma propriedade estrutural associada a um estado duplamente degenerado. Para uma amplitude de excitação forte o suficiente, a quasipartícula sofre uma deformação na sua estrutura, tal que a ocorre a inversão da polaridade. Do ponto de vista tecnológico, o controle do mecanismo de reversão da polaridade é fundamental, porque essa degenerescência de dois estados pode funcionar como "zero"ou "um", sendo útil para codificar informação no armazenamento de dados ou mesmo para realizar operações lógicas. Alguns trabalhos reportaram que nanomagnetos contendo defeitos podem influenciar ou modificar fortemente a dinâmica da quasipartícula. Imperfeições são geradas durante o processo de fabricação dos nanomagnetos, ou então elas podem ser intencionalmente incorporadas para uma finalidade específica. Como exemplo, a fim de controlar o movimento da parede de domínio é muito importante impor determinadas posições ao longo do nanofio onde a parede possa parar. Há várias maneiras de se estabelecer tais pontos críticos para a quasipartícula. Variações na geometria do nanomagneto, cavidades, entalhes e assim por diante podem ser classificadas como defeitos não-magnéticos. Em geral, esse tipo de defeito funciona como um centro atrator para a quasipartícula. Um defeito magnético surge a partir de uma falta de homogeneidade do meio magnético, ou seja, uma variação local das propriedades magnéticas. Num trabalho anterior, nosso grupo modelou uma impureza magnética como uma variação local da constante de troca. Como um resultado imediato da inserção de uma impureza magnética no nanomagneto, demonstramos via simulações numéricas, que impurezas magnéticas podem induzir dois tipos de armadilhas para a quasipartícula: uma redução local da constante de troca corresponde a um sítio de aprisionamento (poço de potencial), enquanto que um aumento local da constante de troca representa um sítio de bloqueio (barreira de potencial). Esta tese investiga a dinâmica da quasipartícula confinada por uma distribuição de impurezas magnéticas: para o caso do núcleo do vórtice considerou-se um anel de impurezas, concêntrico ao nanodisco; para o caso da parede de domínio foi considerado dois aglomerados de impurezas, idênticos e equidistantes do eixo da largura do nanofio. Os resultados obtidos para o nanodisco modificado mostraram que é possível modular a frequência girotrópica do núcleo do vórtice, que depende fortemente da razão de aspecto do disco (espessura/diâmetro). Num disco com o anel de impurezas, um ajuste fino na frequência girotrópica pode ser obtido pela variação dos parâmetros do anel. Além disso, foi observado que a inversão da polaridade do núcleo do vórtice pode ocorrer devido à interação entre o núcleo do vórtice com o anel; a reversão da polaridade num disco com o anel requer amplitudes de excitação menores do que aquelas requeridas no disco sem o anel. Os resultados obtidos para o nanofio modificado indicaram que é possível controlar posição da parede de domínio transversal; a parede pode ser de movida de um aglomerado até o outro pela simples inversão do sentido do campo magnético aplicado. A reversão da polaridade da parede de domínio transversal também foi investigada e o uso dessa distribuição de impurezas mostrou-se útil para estabilizar o movimento da parede que ocorre após a inversão da polaridade; assim a mudança da polaridade ocorre de uma forma rápida e reversível. Como um exemplo de aplicação desse nanofio modificado, propomos o seu uso como uma célula num dispositivo de memória não-volátil, que usa 2 bits por célula; ou seja, a informação pode ser armazenada tanto na posição quanto na polaridade da parede de domínio transversal. Embora os resultados apresentados aqui sejam para simples distribuições de impurezas magnéticas acreditamos que as suas consequências possam ser planejadas e estendidas para o desenvolvimento e realização de futuros dispositivos.
During the last decades the magnetization dynamics in nanostructured systems has become a subject of relevance from fundamental micromagnetism as well as for their new potential technological applications. Nanomagnets are interesting systems to study exotic magnetic structures like vortices, skyrmions and domain walls. The detailed understanding of the static and dynamic properties of these nanoscale spin configurations is a crucial requirement for the realization of future spintronic device. Due to the shape anisotropy that originates from dipolar interaction, the magnetic configurations that emerge in nanostructured systems are very sensitive to the geometric form and dimensions of the nanomagnet. This work is focused on the study of planar nanomagnets, in the formats of disk and strip, made of a soft magnetic material like Permalloy. The magnetic vortex is observed in a nanodisk with appropriate dimensions, because it is an intermediate state between the mono and multi-domain regimes. Under suitable conditions, a single transverse domain wall can be experimentally injected into a rectangular nanowire. Both the vortex core and the wall behaves as a quasiparticle, whose the properties can be manipulated by an external agent (magnetic field or spin polarized current). At low excitation amplitudes, it is known that the vortex describes a circular movement, whereas the wall is restricted to an unidirectional movement. In this regime, each quasiparticle evolves without changing its polarity; a structural property associated with a two-fold degenerate state. For an excitation amplitude strong enough, the quasiparticle experiences a deformation on its structure so that, it occurs the switching of the polarity. From the technological point of view, the control of the polarity reversing mechanism is fundamental, because this two-fold degeneracy can work as "zero"or "one", being useful to encode information for data storage or even to perform logical operations. Some works reported that nanomagnets containing defects can influence or modify strongly the dynamic of the quasiparticle. Imperfections are generated during the fabrication process of the nanomagnets or else they can be intentionally incorporated for a specific purpose. As an example, in order to control the domain wall motion it is very important to impose certain positions along the nanowire where the wall can stop. There are several means of establishing such critical points for the quasiparticle. Variations of geometry, cavities, notches, and so on can be classified as non-magnetic defects. Generally, this type of defect acts as a pinning site for the quasiparticle. A magnetic defect emerges from an inhomogeneity of the magnetic environment, in other words, a local variation of the magnetic properties. In a previous study, our team has modeled a magnetic impurity as a local variation of the exchange constant. As an immediate result of the insertion of a magnetic impurity into a nanomagnet, we have demonstrated via numerical simulations that magnetic impurities can induce two types of traps for the quasiparticle: a local reduction of the exchange constant corresponds to a pinning site (potential well), whereas a local increase of the exchange constant represents a blocking site (potential barrier). This thesis investigates the dynamic of the quasiparticle confined by a distribution of magnetic impurities: for the case of the vortex core it has been considered a ring of impurities, concentric to the nanodisk; and for the case of the domain wall it has been considered two clusters of impurities, identical and equidistant from the nanowire width axis. The found results for the modified nanodisk have shown that it is possible to modulate the gyrotropic frequency that depends strongly on the disk aspect ratio (thickness/diameter). In a disk with the ring of magnetic impurities, a fine tuning of the gyrotropic frequency can be obtained by varying of the ring parameters. Furthermore, it was found that the polarity switching of the vortex core can occur due to the interaction between the vortex core and the ring; the polarity reversing in a disk with a ring requires smaller excitation amplitudes than the disk without the ring does. The found results for the nanowire have indicated that it is possible to control the transverse domain wall position; the wall can be moved from a cluster to the other by simply reversing of the magnetic field direction. The switching of the transverse domain wall polarity was also investigated and the use of this impurity distribution demonstrated to be useful to stabilize the motion wall motion after occurring polarity reversal; thus the changing of the polarity occurs in a fast and reversible way. As an example of the application of this modified nanowire, we propose its use as a cell in a nonvolatile memory device based on 2 bits per cell, in other words, the information can be encoded in the position as well as the polarity of the transverse domain wall. Although the results presented here are for a very simple distribution of magnetic impurities, we believe their consequences can be planned and extended for the design and realization of future devices.
Batog, Guillaume. "Problèmes classiques en vision par ordinateur et en géométrie algorithmique revisités via la géométrie des droites." Phd thesis, Université Nancy II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653043.
Full textSilva, Wandermon CorrÃa. "Sorte versus habilidade na anÃlise de desempenho de fundos de investimento em aÃÃes no Brasil." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10979.
Full textEsta dissertaÃÃo visa contribuir ao mainstream da Teoria de ApreÃamento de Ativos, ao analisar o desempenho dos fundos de investimento em aÃÃes no Brasil, a partir de um painel composto por 75 fundos do tipo ANBIMA Ibovespa Ativo, sobreviventes no perÃodo de janeiro de 1998 a dezembro de 2008, identificando aqueles cujo resultado se deve simplesmente à sorte ou ao azar e aqueles cujo resultado se deve à habilidade ou à falta de habilidade dos seus gestores. Seguindo a metodologia desenvolvida em Fama & French (1992, 1993) e o trabalho elaborado por Matos e Silva (2010), construÃram-se fatores, os quais consistem em zero cost equal weighted portfolios compostos apenas por fundos, capazes de captar os efeitos tamanho e ganho acumulado destes ativos, sendo os mesmos usados em diversas aplicaÃÃes em uma versÃo estendida do Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Os efeitos tamanho e ganho acumulado, evidenciados pela inadequaÃÃo do CAPM em modelar fundos com maior patrimÃnio lÃquido e ganhos acumulados muito altos ou baixos, parecem ser muito bem acomodados quando da incorporaÃÃo dos fatores, os quais se mostraram significativos conjuntamente em 50% dos 75 fundos analisados. As principais evidÃncias obtidas a partir de regressÃes temporais individuais sÃo corroboradas quando do teste em painel com efeitos aleatÃrios em que ambos os efeitos sÃo indispensÃveis na explicaÃÃo dos retornos dos fundos de investimento em aÃÃes no Brasil. Para a anÃlise de performance dos fundos, seguiu-se a metodologia proposta por Fama & French (2010), na qual, por meio de tÃcnicas de bootstrap, modela-se o estudo transversal do desempenho dos fundos de investimento. Para a maioria dos fundos que apresentaram outperformance significativa, com base nos alfas estimados nas regressÃes individuais, identificou-se desempenho devido ao acaso. No modelo de fatores proposto, somente trÃs fundos apresentaram real desempenho superior devido à habilidade de seus gestores, todos esses vinculados a instituiÃÃes financeiras privadas. O modelo de fatores se mostrou mais criterioso na caracterizaÃÃo da aleatoriedade de performance.
This dissertation aims to contribute to the mainstream in Asset Pricing Theory, to analyze the performance of stock mutual funds in Brazil, for a panel with 75 mutual funds type ANBIMA Active Ibovespa which have survived during the period between Jan-1998 and Dec-2008, identifying those whose result is simply due to good luck or bad luck and those whose result is due to the skill or lack of skill of their managers. Following the methodology developed in Fama and French (1992, 1993), we built two factors, mutual funds zero cost equal weighted portfolios, able to accommodate the size and performance effects observed for these assets, which are used in some applications in an extended version of Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Both effects, which seem to play a relevant role due to the inefficiency of the CAPM model to price big funds with huge relative performance (very high or very low), are partially accommodated when one adds factors, which are significant jointly in 50% of the 75 funds analyzed. The main evidences obtained running individual time series regressions are corroborated if one uses the panel technique estimation with random effects, where both factors seem to be vital if one intends to better understand the returns of the mutual funds in Brazil. To analyze the performance of the funds, the methodology developed in Fama and French (2010) was used, in which, by bootstrap techniques, the cross-section of the performance of investment funds are modeled. For most of the funds that had significant outperformance, based on the estimated alphas in individual regressions, performance due to chance was identified. In the factors model proposed, only three funds really outperformed due to the ability of their managers, all those linked to private financial institutions. The factor model proved to be more accurate in characterizing the randomness of performance with the appropriate criteria.
Ye, Wenfeng. "Numerical methods for the simulation of shear wave propagation in nearly incompressible medium - Application in elastography." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI046.
Full textTransient elastography is a medical characterization technology that estimates the stiffness of biological soft tissues. By imaging the transient propagation of shear wave in tissues, one can deduce the shear modulus µ. In the last decade, this technique has been used successfully to study various pathologies, particularly fibrosis and cancers. However, numerous factors such as wave reflection, boundary conditions and pre-stress disturb elastography measurements, and the quality of the mechanical characterization of the tissue can be altered. Moreover, the tissues exhibit more complex mechanical properties, including viscosity, nonlinearity and anisotropy, the characterization of which can improve the diagnostic value of elastography. Simulations of wave propagation by finite element (FE) appear promising since they make it possible to study the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic mechanical parameters on the propagation speeds and thus to allow the identification of complex mechanical properties in the real measurement cases. In this work, we develop a FE model for the propagation of nonlinear waves in soft tissues. The numerical models are validated from elastographic experiments taken from the literature, and then used to evaluate the identifiability of the parameters of a nonlinear model in elastography, \emph{i.e.}, Landau's law. By measuring finite amplitude waves and low amplitude waves in pre-deformed states, a practical and robust method is proposed to identify the nonlinearity of homogeneous tissues using elastography experiment. The problem of the cost of computation is also studied in this work. In fact, the quasi-incompressibility of biological tissues makes the compressional wave speed extremely high, which limits the time step of a simulation formulated in explicit dynamics. To deal with this difficulty, different numerical methods are presented, in which the time step is controlled by the shear wave speed instead of the compressional wave speed. Various numerical examples are tested in the context of dynamic elastography, it has been shown that the methods are precise for these problems and a significant reduction of the CPU time is obtained
Valle, Orero Jessica. "Dynamics and thermal behaviour of films of oriented DNA fibres investigated using neutron scattering and calorimetry techniques." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00734670.
Full textPereira, Manuel Paulo Athias da Silva. "Governação da internet: representações, práticas e desafios, uma abordagem transversal." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/7772.
Full textInternet governance is at the center of international agenda. Viewed as a disruptive force, a source of tension and dispute, it became a fertile “ground for the conflict between global governance and the nation-state system” (Mueller, 2010: 216).Technically innovative, endowed with an inordinate communicative ambition, showed powerless to build consensus on an international regulatory regime, one requiring universal acceptance. ICANN´s birth (1998) reasserted a technological leadership, and served the dual purpose of regulating, non-territorially, the domain name system (DNS) that “pumps” the network -- a critical resource of the Internet --, and to overcome local bureaucratic diktats and the decision-making mechanism of “one country, one vote”, established for intergovernmental entities. At a different level, reiterated the ”unilateral globalism” of the United States of America, the digital imperialism criticized by the emerging powers of the Internet, at least since the World Summit on Information Society (WSIS, 2003) till the World Conference on International Communications (WCIT), convened last December to Dubai by the ITU. Figured by the Tunis Agenda for the Information Society (TAIS), the Internet Governance Forum (IGF) signals the moment when States waived its sovereign regulatory power in favor of operating “on an equal foot” with other actors, private, business and civil society representatives. Meanwhile, the multi-stakeholder governance model, devised as a global platform for dialogue and building consensus on public policies for the Internet, has seen better days. Internal and external limitations, a lack of funds and the asymmetric involvement and participation of stakeholders from the developing world, are clear motives for concern. Unduly politicized, the Internet faces the risk of fragmentation. Like ancient catenati books, symbol of the medieval library, its huge potential as an information and knowledge diffuser, native to its nature, is uncongenial with attempts to block its creativity and global expansion.
Machado, Cláudia Sofia Ribeiro Oliveira. "Moretextile SP, ACE : estudo do controlo interno nas áreas transversais ao grupo." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/30529.
Full textAtualmente assiste-se a um aumento da complexidade das transações financeiras das organizações e da crescente globalização dos mercados que, por sua vez, determina a crescente utilização dos mercados de capitais, pelas empresas, como forma de financiamento, sendo fundamental que as empresas divulguem informação financeira e indicadores de desempenho credíveis e comparáveis para os stakeholders. A auditoria financeira pretende credibilizar e garantir de forma razoável, aos stakeholders, que as demonstrações financeiras de uma organização estão preparadas, em conformidade com a estrutura de relato financeiro aplicável, controlando e prevenindo situações de erros, fraudes ou omissões que influenciem a tomada de decisão de todos os intervenientes. Contribuindo para a repercussão dos objetivos da auditoria financeira, a auditoria interna verifica e melhora a eficácia e eficiência do sistema de controlo interno da organização. As organizações que detêm auditoria interna e externa, pretendem conciliar esforços e interesses com o objetivo de minimizar as redundâncias entre as suas opiniões beneficiando da complementaridade das suas funções. Apesar das especificidades da auditoria externa e interna, ambas pretendem determinar se as políticas e procedimentos (controlos internos), adotados pela gestão da entidade, contribuem para a fiabilidade do seu relato financeiro, para a eficácia e eficiência das suas operações, para o cumprimento das leis e regulamentos, no sentido da maximização dos recursos e da consecução dos objetivos delineados. Este estudo de caso, do Grupo MoreTextile, pretende através de uma abordagem qualitativa descrever os procedimentos e práticas de controlo interno nos serviços partilhados (Moretextile SP, ACE), designadamente nas áreas da faturação, das compras, da tesouraria e da contabilidade. Serão igualmente descritas recomendações, sempre que aplicáveis, aos procedimentos e práticas existentes, de modo a alcançar a uniformização das práticas de controlo interno atualmente existentes.
Nowadays, we are observing an increase in the complexity of financial transactions of organizations and the globalization of markets, which in turn, determines the growing use of capital markets by companies, as a way of funding, thus being essential for companies disclose credible financial information and performance indicators to stakeholders. Financial audit aims to assure, reasonably, to stakeholders, that the financial statements are prepared fairly, in all material respects, or give a true and fair view, in accordance with an applicable financial reporting framework. Currently, auditors are further expected to provide value-added services, such as reporting on irregularities, identifying business risk, and advising management on internal control weaknesses. Contributing to the accomplishment of the objectives of the financial audit, the internal audit checks and improves the effectiveness and efficiency of the internal control system. Regardless of the specificities of each type of audit, they both aim to determine if the internal control procedures adopted by the firm contribute to the reliability of its financial reporting, to the effectiveness and efficiency of its operations, for compliance with the laws and regulations, in order to maximize the entity‟s resources and achieving the goals outlined. This case study, of the MoreTextile Group, aims, through a qualitative approach, to describe the internal control procedures in the Group shared services (Moretextile SP, ACE), particularly, in the areas of billing, shopping, treasury and accounting. It also enunciates recommendations, where applicable, to the existing internal procedures in order to standardize the internal control procedures in the Group shared services.
"Análise dos Modos Ressonantes em Antenas de Microfita sobre Substratos Iso/Anisotrópicos por Técnicas da Ressonância Transversa." Tese, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRN, 2005. http://bdtd.bczm.ufrn.br/tedesimplificado//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=590.
Full textLabuschagne, Melinda. "A model for the integrated and transversal monitoring and evaluation of rural development programmes implemented by the Limpopo Provincial Government in South Africa." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/50652.
Full textThesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
tm2015
Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development
PhD
Unrestricted
Rainville, Rebecca. "The impact of mobility and climate on the cross-sectional geometry of long bones : comparing preindustrial Euro-Canadians and Inuit to other archaeological populations." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25433.
Full textBiomechanical analyses have been used to study the impact of mobility and climate on the skeletal morphology of past human populations through the measure of the cross-sectional geometry of long bones. Behavior and climate are one of the many non-genetic factors that can impact bone functional adaptation by influencing mechanical loads on the skeleton and triggering the bone modeling process. The present study focuses on the structural changes occurring at the macrolevel of long bones, more specifically robusticity and shape, by calculating mechanical properties at several cross-sectional locations. This project consists of creating a reference collection using four Holocene populations from northern Canada including Sadlermiut Inuit and three Euro-Canadian samples from Notre-Dame, Pointe-aux-Trembles and Sainte-Marie. The objective is to control for different environmental factors to better understand the impact of mobility and climate on human postcranial morphology. Cross-sectional properties were measured in the humerus, femur and tibia using a portable peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). These data were then input into a meta-analysis that included data, drawn from the scientific literature, from other archaeological populations with different modes of subsistence and inhabiting various climate types. The results showed that Sadlermiut Inuit had more robust upper and lower limbs than all three samples of Euro-Canadians who did not differ significantly from one another. The high measures of robusticity among Sadlermiut were attributed to the strenuous physical activity demanded by their hunting and gathering mode of subsistence in cold and harsh environmental conditions. Furthermore, the meta-analysis on mobility demonstrated that the type and intensity of habitual mechanical loading on the skeleton has a significant influence on the upper and lower limbs whereas the meta-analysis pertaining to climate only had a significant relationship with the humerus. Essentially, this project highlights the multifactorial nature of the bone modeling process and that the level of influence of behavioral versus climatic factors is not uniform throughout the skeleton.
Gézero, Luis Filipe Júlio. "Métodos de classificação de nuvens de pontos recolhidas por sistemas LiDAR móveis, para a geração de modelos digitais de terreno, a grandes escalas." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/49764.
Full textLiDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) technology, revealed in recent years, to be a very effective technique in the acquisition of geospatial information. The installation of these systems on land vehicles allows a high information collection speed of point clouds, often limited only by the speed of the vehicle itself. Obtaining basic information (height points and break lines) for digital terrain models generation, is usually a very time-consuming task and consequently an expensive process. The use of point clouds collected by terrestrial mobile LiDAR systems, naturally emerges as a possible efficient solution to obtain this type of information. However, the point clouds collected by these systems are non-selective, and it is necessary to classify and segment this information. The classification of cloud points representing the surface of the terrain and the segmentation of information in order to identify and restore their break lines is an open challenge that continues to stimulate the researcher’s interest. Throughout this work, its intended to contribute to answer to this challenge, by proposing and testing several innovative methods, for the classification and extraction of information from point clouds collected by terrestrial mobile LiDAR systems, for digital terrain models creation Most of the proposed algorithms take advantage of the principles of system operation and the information stored for each cloud point. Instead of most existing algorithms in the literature, where only the points three-dimensional coordinates are used. The proposed algorithms also consider the efficiency in obtain, the minimum and necessary information, to represent the terrain shape at a given scale. Being maintained the paradigm established by the majority of users and producers of geographic information, in the use of height points and break lines, for digital terrain models representation. A method is also presented for the particular case of the use of these systems on railway lines. Finally, considering, that the use of cross sections represents the terrain modelling, current paradigm, for linear infrastructures projects, namely roads and railways. A comparative study of several strategies proposed for cloud points group, is presented, in way to create these cross sections.
Cáceres, Miguel Ferreira da Silva da Mata. "Talent Force : an online talent platform for college students and companies : developing the key features and creating a winning strategy." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/23265.
Full textO surgimento de novas plataformas online de talento tem melhorado em muito a eficiência do recrutamento, uma vez que facilitaram o encontro entre candidatos e oportunidades de emprego, tornando estes processos mais fáceis, mais rápidos e menos custosos. Contudo, no caso das universidades, estes processos continuam ainda com algumas dificuldades específicas, que aumentam a sua ineficiência. A falta de experiência profissional dos candidatos torna a sua diferenciação mais complicada e como tal os recrutadores centram-se noutros critérios alternativos, como as “soft skills”. A Talent Force pretende ser uma solução que visa conectar os estudantes às empresas, facilitando a criação de desafios por parte das empresas que avaliem de forma digital as “soft skills” dos candidatos. A plataforma permite também “matches” mais rápidas e eficazes, através das ferramentas avançadas de filtragem e de avaliação de “fit”. Através de uma análise foi possível quantificar as fontes de ineficiência, fazer uma avaliação dos métodos de recrutamento usados, identificar os atributos mais valorizados pelos recrutadores, testar o modelo de negócios, bem como as “soft skills” mais importantes, de acordo com a mais recente literatura.
Maillet, Éric. "Étude multicentrique des facteurs influençant l’adoption d’un dossier clinique informatisé hospitalier par des infirmières." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11268.
Full textLike many other healthcare systems, healthcare institutions in Quebec are in the process of transitioning from paper-based patient records to Electronic Patient Records (EPRs). For some time now, this considerable and complex transition has had a high failure rate and unexpected consequences on care practices and the quality and safety of the care provided to patients. The acceptance of information technology by users is considered to be a critical success factor in realizing the benefits of EPR implementation. The goal of this multicenter cross-sectional study was to examine the explanatory factors of the adoption and actual use of an EPR by nurses and their satisfaction. It also aimed at comparing the outcomes by gender, age and experience and by EPR adoption stage. To do so, a theoretical model based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) was developed and tested on a sample of 616 nurses who use an EPR in four different acute care facilities. Specifically, the study tested 20 research hypotheses on the relationships among eight different constructs, namely EPR compatibility, self-efficacy, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions explaining the actual use of an EPR by nurses and their satisfaction. Fifteen research hypotheses were supported following structural equation modeling analysis. The results revealed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions and compatibility of the EPR (with preferred work style, existing work practices and values of nurses) were strong determinants of the actual use of an EPR by nurses and their satisfaction. The variables explained 50.2% of the variance of performance expectancy, 52.9% of effort expectancy, 33.6% of actual use of an EPR by nurses and 54.9% of their satisfaction. The strong fit of the model tested with the sample data showed the influence of performance expectancy on the actual use of the EPR by nurses (r = .55 p = .006) and on their satisfaction (r = .27 p = .010), the influence of the facilitating conditions on effort expectancy (r = .45 p = .009), EPR compatibility on performance expectancy (r = .39 p = .002) and on effort expectancy (r = .28 p = .009). The numerous hypotheses supported highlight the importance of the mediation effects captured by the performance expectancy and effort expectancy constructs. Comparisons based on age, experience and gender of the respondents did not reveal any statistically significant differences in terms of the acceptance and actual use of an EPR by nurses and their satisfaction. However, those based on the four EPR adoption stages revealed significant differences in terms of the relationships modelled. The results suggest that certain key relationships become more intense as the EPR adoption stages progress, thereby providing a better explanation of the variance in the satisfaction of nurses. Some results of the study also differ from the empirical data produced in a predictive perspective of information technology adoption. The study shows the applicability of the technology acceptance models and theories for nurses working in hospital centres. The results suggest that an EPR that meets performance expectancies is the most determining factor in positively influencing the actual use of the EPR and the satisfaction of nurses. To manage change, the study identified some explanatory factors of the acceptance and use of an EPR, and the model testing revealed how the relationships evolve based on the various EPR adoption stages. The results could help guide decision makers and change agents in determining the measures to implement in order to maximize the benefits of a fully electronic infostructure in healthcare systems.
Mann, Alexander. "Calorimeter-Based Triggers at the ATLAS Detector for Searches for Supersymmetry in Zero-Lepton Final States." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B54D-0.
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