Academic literature on the topic 'Modern dwelling'
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Journal articles on the topic "Modern dwelling"
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Zhong, Jie, and Shang Hong Jia. "Analysis about the Traditional Dwellings Passive Technology Energy Efficiency in Huizhou." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 635–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.635.
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The traditional dwellings Huizhou,which adapts to the local wet hot climate,crests relatively indoor thermal environment, with its own design reducing energy consumption. That is significant modern building energy conservation. This article analyzes the passive cooling technology of traditional dwellings Huizhou from several aspects, dwelling settlement planning, building space design and building construction etc,which greatly inspires for modern building energy conservation.
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Yang, Hong Xia, Tie Hu Duan, and Yan Hong Li. "The Design and Thermal Comfort Test for North Shannxi Green Cave Dwelling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 3207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.3207.
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To overcome the traditional cave dwelling lacks, we have designed a green cave dwelling area with a safe structure, improved infrastructure, fluent ventilation, good light in northern Shaanxi, which inherited simple ecology in design for traditional cave, integrated modern residential building design style, and increased necessary sanitation. By compared a traditional cave, the results show that the indoor temperature 9°C between the peaks and valleys of Northern Green cave dwelling when the outside temperature difference is 24°C within the test time, and seasonal temperature wave delay time is about 12d. The thermal comfort same as the traditional cave dwellings’.
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Nie, Guo Ping. "New Rural Dwelling Construction Shouldn't Abandon our Traditional Culture." Advanced Materials Research 393-395 (November 2011): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.197.
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Chinese traditional dwelling has its abundant connotation. In terms of architecture, it plays an important role as a reference to the Construction of New Rural Dwelling. However, with the farmer’s blind pursue of city life and the production of the Standard construction products, the traditional dwelling’s culture is gradually abandoned, which causes the debility of the regional features. The government should pay high attention to the problem of how to inherit the traditional culture in the Construction of New Rural Dwelling. They should also strengthen the guidance to the farmer’s new concept and combine the modern functions of dwelling with traditional style properly, plan and construct the New Rural Dwelling according to its local conditions.
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Wang, Xue Yong, Wen Dong, Bo Zhou, and Shuai Li. "Analysis of Regional Characteristics for Chinese Traditional Dwelling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 306–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.306.
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This article describes the regional characteristics of typical Chinese traditional dwelling, dissect its generated origin is the result of both the natural and social environment where located. With the acceleration of urbanization process in China, the conflict of traditional dwelling with modern urban construction is more and more obvious, traditional dwellings are facing an unprecedented dilemma, inherited or abandoned worth pondering. This article illustrates the natural view implicated by the traditional dwellings culture, to guide people to innovate architectural style with Chinese characteristics, and to make the urban construction with Chinese characteristics. Traditional dwelling in China has a long history and rich type, is a gem of architectural culture. Traditional residential architecture has its own unique artistic style and characteristics.There are so many different types, mainly because China has vast territory,different geographical climate and different form of local materials and construction techniques. Therefore, regional is the main line to research and analysis the Chinese traditional dwellings, and the view of nature that " Harmony in human and nature "is a common beliefs contained in it.
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Bantserova, O., S. Sadykova, and A. Kasimova. "PROBLEMS OF REVIVAL OF NATIONAL FEATURES IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE OF RURAL DWELLING OF RUSSIAN-KAZAKH BORDERLAND." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 6, no. 4 (May 7, 2021): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2021-6-4-53-65.
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The article examines the problems of preserving and reviving historical and national traditions in the architecture of the rural dwelling of ethnic groups of the Russian-Kazakh border. The relevance of the study is due to the world processes of globalization, the growth of the population of cities and the gradual loss of unique objects of material culture in rural areas. The purpose of the study is to identify the space-planning, architectural and artistic features of rural dwellings of the Russian, Kazakh, Tatar and Bashkir peoples of the Russian-Kazakhstan borderland. The following methods were applied in scientific work: full-scale observations of existing buildings and structures on the studied territory, study of the natural climatic and landscape characteristics of the area, a comparative analysis of the established types of housing of ethnic groups. Within the framework of the study, architectural and artistic solutions of facades of traditional dwellings of different peoples, the peculiarities of the organization of interior spaces, their compositional and coloristic solution were considered and the relationship of historically established techniques with modern methods of building residential buildings of the rural population of the region was traced. As a result of the study, it was concluded that there is a partial loss of identity, smoothing out national features in the volumetric-planning and architectural-artistic solution of the dwelling of ethnic groups in the studied territory. At the same time, the preservation and revival of national features will help not only enrich the architecture of rural dwelling, but will also contribute to increasing tourist interest and the development of ethnocultural tourism in the Russian-Kazakh borderland.
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Li, Zhou, Jiahui Diao, Shaoming Lu, Cong Tao, and Jonathan Krauth. "Exploring a Sustainable Approach to Vernacular Dwelling Spaces with a Multiple Evidence Base Method: A Case Study of the Bai People’s Courtyard Houses in China." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (March 24, 2022): 3856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14073856.
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Both socio-cultural connotations and environmental adaptation are significant for the sustainable development of vernacular dwellings. Previous studies on the sustainable development of vernacular dwellings have mainly focused on either the interaction between physical form and socio-cultural logic or between physical form and environmental adaptation separately. Simultaneously, these studies have mainly discussed the physical condition of vernacular dwellings while ignoring the evolution of the space characteristics of vernacular dwellings. To further understand the sustainable development of vernacular dwelling spaces, this research adopted a “multiple evidence base” method to bring together the socio-cultural connotations of vernacular dwelling spaces and their adaptation to the natural environment. Space syntax theory and Ecotect software were deployed to analyze the socio-cultural logic and to simulate the light environment for environmental adaptation analysis. The Bai people’s courtyard houses in Gusheng village, Dali, Yunnan province were selected to conduct the fieldwork. The results reveal that ongoing social structures are prominent features for the socio-cultural connotations of the Bai people’s vernacular dwellings; the upper floor indoor lighting level has increased while the courtyard scale and the orientation of the dwellings remain unchanged in contemporary Bai people’s dwellings; there is a high synergistic relationship between the traditional living form and socio-culture as well as the natural environment in the traditional vernacular dwellings; the contemporary Bai people’s dwellings continue the living form and socio-culture while moderately adjusting the natural factors based on the modern way of life for sustainable development. This study hence extends the existing knowledge found in the literature and provides a more complete understanding of the sustainable approach to vernacular dwelling spaces.
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Boscolo-Galazzo, Flavia, Amy Jones, Tom Dunkley Jones, Katherine A. Crichton, Bridget S. Wade, and Paul N. Pearson. "Late Neogene evolution of modern deep-dwelling plankton." Biogeosciences 19, no. 3 (February 8, 2022): 743–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-743-2022.
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Abstract. The fossil record of marine microplankton provides insights into the evolutionary drivers which led to the origin of modern deep-water plankton, one of the largest components of ocean biomass. We use global abundance and biogeographic data, combined with depth habitat reconstructions, to determine the environmental mechanisms behind speciation in two groups of pelagic microfossils over the past 15 Myr. We compare our microfossil datasets with water column profiles simulated in an Earth system model. We show that deep-living planktonic foraminiferal (zooplankton) and calcareous nannofossil (mixotroph phytoplankton) species were virtually absent globally during the peak of the middle Miocene warmth. The evolution of deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera started from subpolar–mid-latitude species, during late Miocene cooling, via allopatry. Deep-dwelling species subsequently spread towards lower latitudes and further diversified via depth sympatry, establishing modern communities stratified hundreds of metres down the water column. Similarly, sub-euphotic zone specialist calcareous nannofossils become a major component of tropical and sub-tropical assemblages during the latest Miocene to early Pliocene. Our model simulations suggest that increased organic matter and oxygen availability for planktonic foraminifera, and increased nutrients and light penetration for nannoplankton, favoured the evolution of new deep-water niches. These conditions resulted from global cooling and the associated increase in the efficiency of the biological pump over the last 15 Myr.
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Nan, Xiaodan, Muditha Abeysekera, and Jianzhong Wu. "Modelling of Energy Demand in a Modern Domestic Dwelling." Energy Procedia 75 (August 2015): 1803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.148.
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Liang, Yan Min. "The Application Study on Northern Guangxi Residence Materials Elements in Modern Building Design." Advanced Materials Research 511 (April 2012): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.511.138.
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In order to extract northern guangxi houses design elements, this paper introduces the architectural characteristics of northern guangxi, Through the design characteristics of residential analysis, mainly introduced the traditional local-style dry bar dwelling houses, village gate, the drum design style, From natural factors, cultural factors, technical factors three aspects analyzes the traditional dwelling houses design materials elements, Put forward some suitable for modern residential traditional residence elements of application design practices, explore the traditional elements and modern building design method of integration way , The modern city residential design to meet residents in modern life requirement at the same time, show adequately traditional houses north guangxi region characteristic, continuity and promote the local traditional architectural culture.
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Wang, Guo Rong. "The Innovation and Development about Spatial Form of Traditional Cave Dwellings in the Northwest." Advanced Materials Research 1008-1009 (August 2014): 1316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1008-1009.1316.
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Through the northwestern cave homes’ distribution and some research work, the article analyzes its spatial form and existing problems. And combined with the modern building technology, in view of the traditional cave dwelling interior space drab, tightness in the dark wet and poor seismic performance shortcomings,the article, mainly from the perspective of spatial form of traditional cave dwelling potential ecological advantages, puts forward such problems as the innovation and development of cave dwelling space reference.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Modern dwelling"
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Krishna, Anirudh. "Flexible Housing: An Adaptable Prototype for Modern Urban Dwelling." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1554210856250899.
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Tivnan, Shannon. "Domestic Spaces in Transition: Modern Representations of Dwelling in the Texts of Elizabeth Bowen." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5787.
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In much of the writing of twentieth century Anglo-Irish author Elizabeth Bowen, houses, and in particular family homes, often reflect the psychological and social status of their inhabitants. They can be understood as the structural embodiments of the vast cultural and economic network taking shape as the forces of urbanization and industrialization changed the landscape. Yet, even as these domestic spaces represent the predominant social relations characterizing the first half of the twentieth century, the family homes also can play a key role in character development and gender identity, defining the lives of those who inhabit them, by perpetuating these same previously established and codified social roles and relationships. The family home in Bowen is often characterized by the furniture and objects that fill and structure its interior space, and the resulting pattern of experience functions to confine and represent the lives and expectations of its residents. As a result, for each of these families, this domestic space and the memories with which it is associated exert a strong and compelling force on the family members’ present psychological and emotional states, as well as their expectations for the future. Although the social conventions of the family home can be suffocating in their definition of these expectations, especially for the women of the house, these conventions also supply a stability and constancy that is perhaps conducive to the very formation of a stable identity. The security promised by the inner order of the home comes to determine the psychological stability of the inhabitants’ subjective reality, though the many upheavals that inundated the first half of the twentieth century succeeded in revealing that spatial security as an illusion. If Bowen’s characters are to succeed in achieving a self-determined identity in the new, precarious reality of the modern century, they must not only reconcile themselves to the legacy of the family home and the past traditions that it embodies, but also determine a new basis for self-realization as a twentieth century subject outside of the prescribed roles defined and perpetuated by a more traditional domestic space.
In order to determine the extent to which these modern family homes reflect the dominant social discourses of the period and perpetuate their codes of identity and behavior, it will be necessary to acknowledge and take into consideration the political and cultural environment in which Bowen’s representations of domestic space exist. For example, Bowen’s depiction of the Anglo-Irish Big House Danielstown in The Last September must be understood in light of the declining political and economic power of the Ascendancy that occurred throughout the early twentieth century. In a further effort to examine the significance of homes in Elizabeth Bowen, I will also focus on selected texts from her short fiction. The moments of dispossession that are scattered throughout Bowen’s texts appear to suggest the possibility of the fictions that lie behind the stability of both the family home and the identities of family members attached to that space.
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Bennett, Helen Margaret. "Interpreting the Modern: Flatland in Brisbane 1920-1941 Living in Multiple-Occupancy Dwellings in Interwar Brisbane." Thesis, Griffith University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365620.
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This thesis investigates the fundamental social, cultural, demographic, economic and political changes that precipitated and encouraged the first significant wave of multiple-occupancy dwelling in Brisbane: the residential flats of the interwar period of the twentieth century.
Brisbane’s earliest ‘flats’ had emerged by the 1910s, the product of converting large, obsolete nineteenth-century residences into multiple dwellings. Often not fully self-contained, they differed only marginally from the traditional rooming-house, and were widely considered as a short-term expedient in the face of a severe housing shortage.
In the 1920s Brisbane residents were introduced to the purpose-designed, modern urban flat. Acceptance was gradual, but by the second half of the 1930s, new flat construction in Brisbane was booming. The emergence of the purpose-built flat represented, physically and culturally, the city’s introduction to a distinctively twentieth century, modern lifestyle. The shift to flat-living created: vigorous community debate over the fear of slum creation; formal responses to these concerns in the form of local ordinances controlling the construction and licensing of flat buildings; and substantial change to the character of inner-suburban Brisbane.
Defining, accounting for, deriving meaning from, and exploring the significance of, the fashion for flat-dwelling in interwar Brisbane – in particular the popularity of the purpose-designed, purpose-built blocks of flats – are the objectives of this research. The fashion for living in flats in Brisbane is considered within three broad frameworks: the continuity of the urban experience across time and place; the democratisation of modernity and notions of what it meant to be ‘modern’ in Brisbane in the 1920s and 1930s; and the cultural legacy.
In pursuing these objectives the study considers contemporary debates about the nature of urban living and the need for town planning initiatives in Queensland; the inter-relationship between the compact flat and the lifestyle it generated; generic profiles of those who occupied and invested in purpose-built flat developments; interwar controls (overt and covert) on new flat construction; and the resultant environmental impact in terms of location, form, scale, materials and neighbourhood character. In conclusion, the cultural value of Brisbane’s interwar flats as a distinctive built form is addressed.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Humanities
Arts, Education and Law
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Gressett, Michael James. "From Krishna cult to American church the dialectical quest for spiritual dwelling in the modern Krishna movement in the West /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0024749.
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Phillips, Curtis N. "Modern Technology and an Aging Population: Can the Use of Wii Fit Gaming System Improve Functional Balance in Community Dwelling Seniors?" DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1536.
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Seniors are a growing segment of the population of the United States. By 2030 they will make up nearly 20% of the general population. Senior citizens face many health challenges as they age. Injury due to falling is a major concern for many in this age group. Research shows that approximately one third of seniors will fall each year. Injuries that result from falls have been identified as the number one cause of accidental death in this age group each year. While falls have been studied by researchers for a number of years, and some progress has been made in finding ways to improve balance in seniors, the high incidence of falls continues to plague this demographic. Many of the current treatments to improve balance are too expensive, not accessible, or not motivating for seniors. This research project explored the effect of using a readily available video-game system to address these barriers. The Wii Fit gaming system was used with participants three times each week for 30 minutes and the resulting changes were documented. The Berg Balance Scale and Timed Up and Go test, both frequently used by professionals to assess balance in seniors, were used to document balance change. Every participant showed improvement. The Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale, which is used to measure a person's fear of falling, was also used to assess the participant's confidence in their balance as well as the level of fear associated with falling. The results of this test were positive but not to the extent of the balance tests. Finally, each participant was interviewed to assess how easy to use the participants felt the Wii Fit was as well as the motivational qualities of the Wii Fit as a balance tool. Answers given by the participants in the interview were generally positive. These results indicate that the Wii Fit gaming system may be beneficial for improving balance in seniors.
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Caprio, Antonio Amilton. "Análise do desempenho técnico-construtivo de edifícios de apartamentos localizados no bairro de Higienópolis entre as décadas de 30 e 60 na cidade de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-19092007-104608/.
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Esta dissertação tem como base de estudo a produção da habitação coletiva no Bairro de Higienópolis, na cidade de São Paulo, e por meio de uma reunião de projetos arquitetônicos significativos da evolução e transformação da arquitetura moderna paulistana entre as décadas de 30 e 60, quando surgem os primeiros edifícios de apartamentos, transformando de forma radical a sua configuração espacial. É dentro deste contexto que o esforço concentra-se em constituir um raciocínio crítico, aplicando a metodologia da análise do desempenho técnico-construtivo de edifícios em função das suas patologias construtivas originadas pelas deficiências do projeto, execução da obra, materiais utilizados na época de sua implantação e sua situação atual de manutenção, considerando seus reflexos e influências nos itens de desempenho dos materiais e técnicas construtivas utilizadas em cada órgão/elemento do edifício que será analisado segundo os Requisitos dos usuários - ISO 6241.This master thesis deals with the analysis of collective dwelling construction in Higienópolis neighborhood, city of São Paulo, by means of several architectural designs which represent the most important transformation of the modern architecture in São Paulo, from 1930´s and 1960´s. In this contexts there was an effort to create a critical thought applying the technical-constructive performance analysis of buildings and theirs construction pathologies resultant from lack and deficiencies of design, materials, construction works, and building maintenance. The reflex and influences of construction pathologies on the performance requirements were studied based on general principles of performance analysis methodology first published in ISO 6241.
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Regino, Aline Nassaralla. "Eduardo Kneese de Mello | Arquiteto: análise de sua contribuição à habitação coletiva em São Paulo." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2006. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/2658.
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Previous issue date: 2006-08-14The theme of this work is the professional life of Eduardo Kneese de Mello (1906-1994) presented through his architectonic activity and focusing on the works and projects of collective dwelling. It marks the architect as an active character, indispensable to make public the power of the Modern Brazilian Architecture that happened in São Paulo as of 1940. It shows his contribution to the Brazilian architecture, linking the quality of his work to the texts he wrote and his fierce effort in the process of expanding the teaching of Architecture and Urbanism, including the defense and legal consolidation of the professional responsibilities of the architect. Through the analysis of eight projects, this work shows Eduardo Kneese de Mello´s, at times pioneer, contribution to collective dwelling in São Paulo.
Este trabalho tem como tema a trajetória profissional do arquiteto Eduardo Kneese de Mello (1906 1994), apresentada através de sua produção arquitetônica e com foco nas obras e projetos de habitação coletiva. Caracteriza o arquiteto como um personagem ativo e fundamental para a divulgação e afirmação da Arquitetura Moderna no Brasil, condição verificada em São Paulo, com maior intensidade, a partir de 1940. Expõe sua contribuição para a arquitetura brasileira relacionando a qualidade de sua obra, com os textos que produziu e com seu aguerrido empenho no processo de expansão do ensino de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, inclusive na defesa e consolidação legal das atribuições profissionais do arquiteto. O trabalho demonstra por meio da análise de oito projetos a contribuição de Eduardo Kneese de Mello, por vezes pioneira, para a habitação coletiva em São Paulo.
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Ferreira, Fernando Gobbo. "Residências em Ribeirão Preto (1955 a 1980): discussão sobre uma produção moderna através de uma perspectiva urbana." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-29062017-142421/.
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No século XIX, a cidade de Ribeirão Preto (distante 314 kilometros de São Paulo) concentrou riqueza com as lavouras de café, sendo cenário de arquiteturas que em nada deviam ao de outras cidades importantes no interior do Estado de São Paulo. São poucos os exemplares de casarões e palacetes que restaram na cidade, porém, devidamente tombados ou em processo para garantir seu legado. A preservação de tais arquiteturas está constantemente em foco na mídia, conscientizando a população sobre sua importância. A preservação da arquitetura de Ribeirão Preto, não recebe a mesma atenção quando focamos na produção de residências modernas, do início da segunda metade do século XX, cobrindo as décadas de 1950, 1960 e 1970. Esta dissertação se apoia no levantamento, discussão e questionamento da preservação dessas obras, através de suas representações: registros fotográficos, entrevistas com arquitetos e moradores, projetos de aprovação na prefeitura do município e bibliografia. Caminhando pela cidade nos dias atuais, encontramos bairros com arquiteturas residenciais que ainda conservam suas características originais. Essas casas são de autoria dos primeiros profissionais arquitetos da cidade, em bairros, no princípio, estritamente residenciais. Um exemplo dentro dessa produção, são as primeiras casas projetadas pelos arquitetos Cássio Pinheiro Gonçalves e Ijair Cunha, formados nas primeiras turmas da FAU Mackenzie (1950) e FAUUSP (1952), que ditam relações diferentes entre o público e privado, casas em consonância com uma vanguarda de projetos residenciais modernos produzidos na época, principalmente na cidade de São Paulo, cujos sistemas construtivos, relações com o entorno e plasticidade estavam em conflito com os padrões arquitetônicos de seu tempo. Em Ribeirão Preto, nos bairros Jardim Sumaré e Alto da Boa Vista essas arquiteturas residenciais projetadas por jovens urbanistas, persistem como memória de uma cidade possível, idealizada, que não se consolidou. Hoje, essas casas passam despercebidas ao olhar rotineiro de quem cruza esses bairros, cada vez mais ocupados por edifícios comerciais que descaracterizam suas conformações de outrora. Quando essas residências começam a ser demolidas, cabe ao levantamento fotográfico, apoiado pela rede social Arquigrafia, planejado e registrado sempre da perspectiva de quem observa essas arquiteturas da rua, garantir que esse legado possa ser preservado. Um primeiro levantamento geral, criando o escopo dessa produção nunca antes divulgada, é o primeiro passo de um modelo de levantamento que poderia ser replicado, que garantiria um banco de dados de representações de projetos arquitetônicos, na figura da rede social Arquigrafia, para futuros estudos e entendimento do real escopo da produção arquitetônica modernista brasileira, além da arquitetura \"oficial\". Como são projetos pouco divulgados, sua exposição, através de documentos originais, fotografias e desenhos, bem como de registros orais das pessoas envolvidas em suas construções, contribui para a história da arquitetura brasileira, para a construção de conhecimento sobre projeto, representação, e imaginário urbano moderno no Brasil. Sendo a residência unifamiliar o programa mais comum em nossas cidades, seu estudo contribui para o esclarecimento dos caminhos que levaram nossa profissão a seu atual papel na produção da paisagem urbana contemporânea.In the XIX century, the city of Ribeirão Preto (314 kilometers from São Paulo) gathered wealth within Coffee agriculture crop, establishing a peculiar architectural basis compared to other important cities in the São Paulo State. That are only a few dwellings and \"palacetes\" that remain in the city, nevertheless rightly preserved or in the process to guarantee it\'s legacy. The preservation of such pieces of architecture is constantly in the media\'s focus, raising the population awareness about its importance. Even though the preservation of Ribeirão Preto\'s modern residential architecture from the 1950\'s, 1960\'s and 1970\'s decades has not been given the deserved importance. This dissertation is supported by a discussion and questioning about the preservation of such production through its representations: photographs, interviews with architects and dwellers, approval projects in the city hall and bibliography. Walking by the city, one can find neighborhoods with dwellings that still preserve their original characteristics. The prime architects to work in the city, in strictly residential neighborhoods, author these dwellings. Good examples are the dwellings designed by the architects Cássio Pinheiro Gonçalves and Ijair Cunha, graduated in the first classes of Architecture and Urbanism in the Mackenzie Presbyterian University (1950) and the University of São Paulo (1952), which dictated different relations with public and private spaces, projects in consonance with the Avant-garde modern architecture designs produced in that period of time, mainly in the city of São Paulo, whose constructive systems, relation with the surroundings and aesthetic were in conflict with the architectural patterns of it\'s time. In Ribeirão Preto, in Jardim Sumaré and Alto da Boa Vista neighborhoods, these architecture dwellings designed by young urbanists, persist as a memory of an idealized city that has not consolidate itself. Nowadays, these houses are unnoticed to the population\'s sight, in neighborhoods that are occupied by commercial buildings that demeanor the original residential landscape. Once these dwellings begin to be demolished, photographic registers, backed up by the collaborative social media Arquigrafia, planned always by a street view perspective, guarantee that this legacy can be preserved. A general research creating a scope of this never yet disclosed architectural production, is the first step to a research model that can be replicated, that guarantees a representation databank of architectural design such as the social media Arquigrafia, to future studies of the real scope of such Brazilian modern architectural production, beyond the \"official\" architecture. The disclosure of original documents, photographs and drawings, as well as oral registers of people involved in its constructions, contribute to the modern architecture history, to the construction of knowledge about project, representation and modern urban imaginary in Brazil. The single-family dwellings are the most common architectural program in the cities and its studies clarify one of the architectural professional paths and its current role into the contemporary urban landscape.
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Kiaer, Ian. "Endless house : models of thought for dwelling." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602325.
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The following thesis is a 38,400 word document of a part-time PhD by project undertaken at the painting department of The Royal College of Art between October 2002 and September 2008. The purpose of this research has been to reflect on how an expansive interpretation of the architectural model operates as a mode of fragmentary thought for dwelling. I extend critical / theoretical approaches to the use of the model within my art practice, and its equivalent, 'the essay form,' in the written component of the thesis. I begin by deflning the use of the model within a speciflc work I made early in the project, and also discuss the model's ability to operate between more rigidly deflned disciplines of knowledge. I use Benjamin's notion of immanent critique to reflect on the poeticised potential of the model form to unfold information, by probing the rapport between materials and motifs, groupings and spacings and the made and the found. I also show how the process of thought through the material development of the work, informed an equivalent fragmentary approach to writing. In the four main chapters, I attend to a critical pairing four Bruegel paintings and four particular buildings to understand how both painting and building can be revealed as a thought model for dwelling. The chapters in the following order read Bruegel's Fall of Icarus in relation to Casa Malaparte, Procession to Calvary with Melnikov's Cylindical House Studio, The Tower of Babel with Kiesler's unbuilt notion of The Endless House, and flnally the two dwellings initiated by Wittgenstein with Hunters in the Snow. I conclude by returning briefly to a recent piece of my own work to consider how the model of thought for dwelling has developed within my current practice.
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Ramos, Tânia Liani Beisl. "Os espaços do habitar moderno-evolução e significados : os casos português e brasileiro." Phd thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UTL-Universidade Técnica de Lisboa -- IST-Instituto Superior Técnico, 2003. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30454.
Full textBooks on the topic "Modern dwelling"
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Minimum dwelling: [spaces]. Barcelona: LINKS, 2010.
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Barry, Bergdoll, Christensen Peter, Broadhurst Ron, and Museum of Modern Art (New York, N.Y.), eds. Home Delivery: Fabricating the modern dwelling. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 2008.
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Arquitectos, De Yturbe. De Yturbe Arquitectos: Dwelling versus building. Milano: L'Arca, 1996.
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Dwelling for intervals. Greenwich, N.S: Conundrum Press, 2010.
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Miller, Lane Barbara, ed. Housing and dwelling: A reader on modern domestic architecture. New York: Routledge, 2006.
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Dwelling and architecture: From Heidegger to Koolhaas. Berlin: Jovis Verlag Gmbh, 2009.
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Atomic dwelling: Anxiety, domesticity, and postwar architecture. Abingdon, Oxon [England]: Routledge, 2012.
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Hutchinson, Allan C. Dwelling on the threshold: Critical essays on modern legal thought. Toronto: Carswell, 1988.
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John, Beardsley, and Dumbarton Oaks, eds. Landscape body dwelling: Charles Simonds at Dumbarton Oaks. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 2011.
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Frampton, Kenneth. The poetics of space in the late modern dwelling =: La forme du logement moderne. Lausanne: Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Modern dwelling"
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Fu, Chonglan, and Wenming Cao. "The Features of the Modern Urban Dwelling Areas." In An Urban History of China, 89–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8211-6_6.
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Vitiello, Michael V. "The Effective Assessment and Management of Sleep Disturbances in Community-Dwelling and Institutionalized Older Adults." In Introduction to Modern Sleep Technology, 245–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5470-6_13.
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Montroso, Alan S. "Dwelling Underground in The Book of John Mandeville: Monstrosity, Disability, Ecology." In Monstrosity, Disability, and the Posthuman in the Medieval and Early Modern World, 285–302. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25458-2_14.
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Fry, E. Maxwell. "The Design of Dwellings." In Design in Modern Life, 29–38. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003332923-2.
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Powell, Alan A., and Christopher W. Murphy. "Production of Housing Rental Services and Investment in Dwellings." In Inside a Modern Macroeconometric Model, 135–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59069-6_9.
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Urbanik, Jadwiga. "Dwelling Houses of Building Cooperative Schlesische Heimstätte in Wrocław (Former Breslau) and in Silesia in 1919-1941 as a Precursor of Modern Ergonomics in Architecture." In Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Design Methods, Tools, and Interaction Techniques for eInclusion, 376–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39188-0_41.
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Marques, João Lourenço, Paulo Batista, Eduardo Anselmo Castro, and Arnab Bhattacharjee. "Spatial Automated Valuation Model (sAVM) – From the Notion of Space to the Design of an Evaluation Tool." In Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2021, 75–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86973-1_6.
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AbstractAssuming that it is not possible to detach a dwelling from its location, this article highlights the relevance of space in the context of housing market analysis and the challenge of capturing the key elements of spatial structure in an automated valuation model: location attributes, heterogeneity, dependence and scale. Thus, the aim is to present a spatial automated valuation model (sAVM) prototype, which uses spatial econometric models to determine the value of a residential property, based on identification of eight housing characteristics (seven are physical attributes of a dwelling, and one is its location; once this spatial data is known, dozens of new variables are automatically associated with the model, producing new and valuable information to estimate the price of a housing unit). This prototype was developed in a successful cooperation between an academic institution (University of Aveiro) and a business company (PrimeYield SA), resulting the Prime AVM & Analytics product/service. This collaboration has provided an opportunity to materialize some of fundamental knowledge and research produced in the field of spatial econometric models over the last 15 years into decision support tools.
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Chen, Ruixi, and Chenghao Dong. "The study of the relationship between natural forests and modern wooden dwellings." In Advances in Urban Engineering and Management Science Volume 1, 357–62. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003305026-49.
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Brancelj, Anton. "Alona stochi n.sp. — the third cave-dwelling cladoceran (Crustacea: Cladocera) from the Dinaric region." In Cladocera: the Biology of Model Organisms, 47–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4964-8_5.
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Parker, James, Martin Fletcher, and David Johnston. "Predicting Future Overheating in a Passivhaus Dwelling Using Calibrated Dynamic Thermal Simulation Models." In Building Information Modelling, Building Performance, Design and Smart Construction, 163–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50346-2_12.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Modern dwelling"
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Migilinskas, Darius, Juozas Katkus, and Mykolas Sadauskas. "An application of BIM technologies in typical dwelling building projects." In The 13th international scientific conference “Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mbmst.2019.064.
Full textAbstract:
The modern technologies are widely implemented in construction market including building information modeling (BIM) whitch is rapidly developing in many management segments related to design, construction, and building operation. BIM technologies are being used more and more by architects, engineers, surveyors, builders, contractors, subcontractors, construction manufacturers and building administrators who need to work together to simplify workflow and ensure that all design, construction and building operations are effective. BIM is already in use in Lithuania, but many construction market participants and mostly the customer still think that BIM is too expensive for Lithuanian construction market. The aim of this study is to analyze the benefits, opportunities, limitations, chalanges and obticles of using the BIM methodology for typical dwelling building projects. The results of resreach are based on detail payback assessment of BIM methodology use in small-scale projects and small business companies is delivered in the conclusions
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Sucala, Ilie-Nicolae, and Dorina Sucala. "Analysis of coexistence conditions between an overhead electricity lines and a dwelling house." In 2019 8th International Conference on Modern Power Systems (MPS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mps.2019.8759774.
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Vshivkov, D. V., and Yu B. Sharonin. "Distibuted System of Automated Temperature Control in Industrial Premices and Residensial Dwelling Houses." In 2005 International Conference Modern Technique and Technologies (MTT 2005). IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spcmtt.2005.4493164.
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Plaza, Sergio Lluva, Raul Montoliu Colas, Ana Jimenez Martin, Jose M. Villadangos Carrizo, Emilio Sansano-Sansano, and Juan Jeses Garcia Dominguez. "BLE RSSI Database for Analyzing Routines of Community-Dwelling Older Adults." In 2022 14th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icumt57764.2022.9943410.
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Cai, Lin, and Ling Zuo. "The Artistic Conception Beauty of “Poetic Dwelling” in Modern Chinese Ceramic Art." In 2021 Conference on Art and Design: Inheritance and Innovation (ADII 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220205.017.
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Liao, Xiayan, and Jinxiu Wang. "Qiang Local-style Dwelling Houses Building Elements Application Research on Modern Building Facade Decoration." In 6th International Conference on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (SSEHR 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ssehr-17.2018.90.
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Bustamante, Juana. "La vivienda y la fábrica: dos dispositivos claves de la cultura urbana en Córdoba entre 1945 y 1970." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Instituto de Arte Americano. Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.5913.
Full textAbstract:
Nuestro objetivo es abordar el proceso de modernización urbana vinculándolo a la constitución del campo
disciplinar del urbanismo y verificar la aportación histórica de la industria y de los conjuntos planificados de
vivienda en la construcción de la ciudad. La vivienda y la fábrica constituyen dos dispositivos claves que
promueven proyectos desde el amplio campo del discurso higienista y las reglamentaciones que de él
derivan hasta las formulaciones del urbanismo moderno y su articulación con planes sectoriales de vivienda.
El complejo conjunto que abarca la problemática habitacional no puede ser desligado de las formas de
habitar, cuestión que supone la concurrencia de aspectos tecnológicos, arquitectónicos, sociales, culturales
y económicos. Analizar a la vivienda como un “dispositivo social”, atender a sus transformaciones y
dinámicas permite reconstruir la historia urbano-cultural de la ciudad, siempre inmersa en contextos más
amplios que hacen inteligible esos desarrollos. Our goal is approaching the modern urbanization process linking it to the constitution of the urbanism field
and verifying the historical industrial contribution along with the planned social dwelling in the construction of
the city. Dwelling and factory are two key pieces that promote projects from the broad field of hygienist
discourse and its own regulations to the formulations of the modern urbanism and its articulation with
housing sector plans. This whole complex covers housing problems that cannot be separated from inhabiting
issues, this implies taking into account technological, architectural, social, cultural and economic matters.
Analyzing the dwell as a “social device”, attending its own transformations and dynamics allow us to
reconstruct the urban-cultural history of the city, always embedded into wider contexts that make the
developments more intelligible.
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Roca Calaf, Jofre. "Els edificis Mediterrani i Atlàntic, incursions modernes a l'Eixample Cerdà." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Instituto de Arte Americano. Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.5864.
Full textAbstract:
Els edificis Mediterrani i el Banc Atlàntic són dos dels edificis que afronten de manera més clara la incursió al teixit urbà consolidat de la trama Cerdà. Plantegen unes variables compositives adaptades a les necessitats funcionals i estètiques contemporànies. L'edifici Mediterrani recupera, en part, algunes de les idees del pla embrionari de Cerdà pel que fa a l'orientació i ventilació dels habitatges i a la seva relació amb l’espai públic. També en reinterpreta sensiblement els seus paràmetres normatius d'acord a criteris de relació moderns. Introdueix una nova tipologia d'habitatge a l'Eixample, eliminant els petits patis de ventilació amb una alternativa de blocs de menor fondària, tot mantenint virtualment la cantonada tradicional i ampliant l'escenari de l'espai del vianant en planta baixa. L'edifici Atlàntic, en canvi, tot emergent singularment en altura del conjunt edificat de l'Eixample, planteja un manifest èmfasi d'aquesta cantonada i s'adapta a la seva traça, al mateix temps que estableix un subtil acord amb les edificacions veïnes. Both the buildings Mediterrani and Banc Atlàntic are two of the construction projects that face in a clearest manner the challenge to become fully integrated into the consolidated urban network of Cerdà. The
proposals provide compositional variations more in line with contemporary functional and aesthetic requirements. On the one hand, the building Mediterrani party recovers some of the ideas in Cerdà’s embryonic plan, such as orientation, ventilation of the dwellings and their relationship with the public space.
It also sensitively responds and reinterprets
the regulation parameters according to modern relationship criteria.
The project introduces a new dwelling typology in the Eixample, by removing the small ventilation patios and proposing blocks of reduced depth as an alternative, virtually maintaining the traditional corner
and broadening the pedestrian space scenario in the ground floor. The building Atlàntic, on the other hand, presents itself as a singular high-rise building within the
Eixample’s network at the same time it emphasizes the corner, placed following the trace of Cerdà’s chamfered blocks, and
establishes a subtle relationship with the neighbouring constructions.
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Ozerina, Anna. "Territorial and Temporal Factors of Urban Identity." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-41.
Full textAbstract:
The formation of the urban identity of an individual resident and of the urban community as a whole is multi-determined. In socio-psychological research, perceptions of the main factors of its formation can be summarised through geographical, historical, spatial, individual-personal and socio-cultural characteristics. The objective of our study was to describe the role of territorial and temporal factors (place of birth and the duration of dwelling in a city) in the formation and manifestation of emotional, cognitive, motivational and behavioural parameters of the urban identity of residents. The City questionnaires and the Tomsk City Identity Questionnaire adapted by the authors were used to collect empirical data. The data was processed by means of a single-factor analysis of variance and the Student’s T-test. As a result, specific traits of city image formation in the vision of newcomer residents, and its indigenous residents were revealed, which confirms the relevance of the factors under study. It has been established that the image of the city and perceptions of its potential depend largely on the territorial and temporal indicators of the respondent’s residence in the urban space. Place of birth determines the cognitive component of urban identity to a greater extent, while the length of residence determines the emotional and motivational component. The findings allow the temporal and spatial context to be considered in the development of the city brand and the modernisation of urban space. Further researches are planned to include sample differentiation based on the place of birth by settlement type.
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Litardo, Jaqueline, José Macías, Rubén Hidalgo-León, Maria Gabriela Cando, and Guillermo Soriano. "Measuring the Effect of Local Commercial Roofing Samples on the Thermal Behavior of a Social Interest Dwelling Located in Different Climates in Ecuador." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11472.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper presents an assessment of the effect of the solar reflectance of roofing assemblies on the thermal behavior of a social interest dwelling model located in six representative cities in Ecuador. The model house complies the Ecuadorian building standard. The solar reflectances of 23 local commercial roofing samples were measured following the E1918A Procedure. The thermal behavior of the dwelling was simulated in EnergyPlus. The models use input data, such as: loads and schedules, provided by previous studies on social dwellings. The hours of thermal discomfort based on ASHRAE Standard 55-2013 adaptive model were obtained for each case by varying the experimental solar reflectance of the roofing sample and meteorological data for each hourly time step calculation. Results indicated that the 1808001-50 sample provided between 3240 to 5524 discomfort hours in all cases, being the most suitable roofing assembly for all studied cities due to its higher solar reflectance.
Reports on the topic "Modern dwelling"
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Cobeen, Kelly, Vahid Mahdavifar, Tara Hutchinson, Brandon Schiller, David Welch, Grace Kang, and Yousef Bozorgnia. Large-Component Seismic Testing for Existing and Retrofitted Single-Family Wood-Frame Dwellings (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/hxyx5257.
Full textAbstract:
This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. Quantifying the difference of seismic performance of un-retrofitted and retrofitted single-family wood-frame houses has become increasingly important in California due to the high seismicity of the state. Inadequate lateral bracing of cripple walls and inadequate sill bolting are the primary reasons for damage to residential homes, even in the event of moderate earthquakes. Physical testing tasks were conducted by Working Group 4 (WG4), with testing carried out at the University of California San Diego (UCSD) and University of California Berkeley (UCB). The primary objectives of the testing were as follows: (1) development of descriptions of load-deflection behavior of components and connections for use by Working Group 5 in development of numerical modeling; and (2) collection of descriptions of damage at varying levels of peak transient drift for use by Working Group 6 in development of fragility functions. Both UCSD and UCB testing included companion specimens tested with and without retrofit. This report documents the portions of the WG4 testing conducted at UCB: two large-component cripple wall tests (Tests AL-1 and AL-2), one test of cripple wall load-path connections (Test B-1), and two tests of dwelling superstructure construction (Tests C-1 and C-2). Included in this report are details of specimen design and construction, instrumentation, loading protocols, test data, testing observations, discussion, and conclusions.
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Klevgard, L. A., Z. T. Taylor, and R. G. Lucas. Comparison of current state residential energy codes with the 1992 model energy code for one- and two-family dwellings; 1994. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10114706.
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Kontou, Eleftheria, Yen-Chu Wu, and Jiewen Luo. Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Plan in Illinois. Illinois Center for Transportation, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/22-023.
Full textAbstract:
We study the allocation of dynamic electric vehicle charging investments from the policymaker’s perspective, which aims to meet statewide emission-reduction targets for the Illinois passenger vehicle sector. We determine statewide charging deployment trajectories over a 30-year planning horizon and estimate their emission reduction. Electric vehicle demand functions model the electrified vehicle market growth and capture network externalities and spatial heterogeneity. Our analysis indicates that most chargers need to be deployed in the first 10 to 15 years of the transition to allow benefits to accrue for electric vehicle drivers, availability of home charging influences consumers’ choice and drivers’ electrified travel distance, charging stations should be prioritized for frequent long-distance drivers, and spatial effects are crucial in accurately capturing the demand for electric vehicles in Illinois. We also develop a multi-criteria suitability map to site charging stations for electric vehicles based on economic, societal, and environmental justice indicators. We identify census tracts that should be prioritized during Illinois’ statewide deployment of charging infrastructure along with interstates and major highways that traverse them. Major interstates and highways I-90, I-80, I-55, and I-57 are identified as having high siting suitability scores for charging stations. Last, a novel location model was developed for equitable electric vehicle charging infrastructure placement in the Illinois interstate and major highway network. Two objectives were set to reduce detours and improve the ability to complete long-distance trips for low-income electric vehicle travelers and multi-unit dwelling residents. Our analysis indicates that if the system’s efficiency is the only consideration, low-income/multi-unit housing resident travelers are most likely to fail to complete their trips, while an equitable charging siting could mitigate this issue.
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Schiller, Brandon, Tara Hutchinson, and Kelly Cobeen. Cripple Wall Small-Component Test Program: Wet Specimens I (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/dqhf2112.
Full textAbstract:
This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 4: Testing and focuses on the first phase of an experimental investigation to study the seismic performance of retrofitted and existing cripple walls with sill anchorage. Paralleled by a large-component test program conducted at the University of California [Cobeen et al. 2020], the present study involves the first of multiple phases of small-component tests conducted at the UC San Diego. Details representative of era-specific construction, specifically the most vulnerable pre-1960s construction, are of predominant focus in the present effort. Parameters examined are cripple wall height, finish materials, gravity load, boundary conditions, anchorage, and deterioration. This report addresses the first phase of testing, which consisted of six specimens. Phase 1 including quasi-static reversed cyclic lateral load testing of six 12-ft-long, 2-ft high cripple walls. All specimens in this phase were finished on their exterior with stucco over horizontal sheathing (referred to as a “wet” finish), a finish noted to be common of dwellings built in California before 1945. Parameters addressed in this first phase include: boundary conditions on the top, bottom, and corners of the walls, attachment of the sill to the foundation, and the retrofitted condition. Details of the test specimens, testing protocol, instrumentation; and measured as well as physical observations are summarized in this report. In addition, this report discusses the rationale and scope of subsequent small-component test phases. Companion reports present these test phases considering, amongst other variables, the impacts of dry finishes and cripple wall height (Phases 2–4). Results from these experiments are intended to provide an experimental basis to support numerical modeling used to develop loss models, which are intended to quantify the reduction of loss achieved by applying state-of-practice retrofit methods as identified in FEMA P-1100, Vulnerability-Base Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of One- and Two-Family Dwellings.
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Reis, Evan. Development of Index Buildings, (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/fudb2072.
Full textAbstract:
This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 2: Development of Index Buildings and focuses on the identification of common variations and combinations of materials and construction characteristics of California single-family dwellings. These were used to develop “Index Buildings” that formed the basis of the PEER–CEA Project testing and analytical modeling programs (Working Groups 4 and 5). The loss modeling component of the Project (Working Group 6) quantified the damage-seismic hazard relationships for each of the Index Buildings.
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Schiller, Brandon, Tara Hutchinson, and Kelly Cobeen. Cripple Wall Small-Component Test Program: Dry Specimens (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/vsjs5869.
Full textAbstract:
This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measures and documents seismic performance of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Three primary tasks support the earthquake loss-modeling effort. They are: (1) the development of ground motions and loading protocols that accurately represent the diversity of seismic hazard in California; (2) the execution of a suite of quasi-static cyclic experiments to measure and document the performance of cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies to develop and populate loss models; and (3) nonlinear response history analysis on cripple wall-supported buildings and their components. This report is a product of Working Group 4: Testing, whose central focus was to experimentally investigate the seismic performance of retrofitted and existing cripple walls. This present report focuses on non-stucco or “dry” exterior finishes. Paralleled by a large-component test program conducted at the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley) [Cobeen et al. 2020], the present report involves two of multiple phases of small-component tests conducted at University of California San Diego (UC San Diego). Details representative of era-specific construction–specifically the most vulnerable pre-1960s construction–are of predominant focus in the present effort. Parameters examined are cripple wall height, finish style, gravity load, boundary conditions, anchorage, and deterioration. This report addresses all eight specimens in the second phase of testing and three of the six specimens in the fourth phase of testing. Although conducted in different testing phases, their results are combined here to co-locate observations regarding the behavior of all dry finished specimens. Experiments involved imposition of combined vertical loading and quasi-static reversed cyclic lateral load onto eleven cripple walls. Each specimen was 12 ft in length and 2-ft or 6-ft in height. All specimens in this report were constructed with the same boundary conditions on the top, bottom, and corners of the walls. Parameters addressed in this report include: dry exterior finish type (shiplap horizontal lumber siding, shiplap horizontal lumber siding over diagonal lumber sheathing, and T1-11 wood structural panels), cripple wall height, vertical load, and the retrofitted condition. Details of the test specimens, testing protocol (including instrumentation), and measured as well as physical observations are summarized. Results from these experiments are intended to support advancement of numerical modeling tools, which ultimately will inform seismic loss models capable of quantifying the reduction of loss achieved by applying state-of-practice retrofit methods as identified in FEMA P-1100 Vulnerability-Base Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of One- and Two-Family Dwellings.
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Schiller, Brandon, Tara Hutchinson, and Kelly Cobeen. Cripple Wall Small-Component Test Program: Wet Specimens II (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/ldbn4070.
Full textAbstract:
This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 4 (WG4): Testing, whose central focus was to experimentally investigate the seismic performance of retrofitted and existing cripple walls. This report focuses stucco or “wet” exterior finishes. Paralleled by a large-component test program conducted at the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley) [Cobeen et al. 2020], the present study involves two of multiple phases of small-component tests conducted at the University of California San Diego (UC San Diego). Details representative of era-specific construction, specifically the most vulnerable pre-1960s construction, are of predominant focus in the present effort. Parameters examined are cripple wall height, finish style, gravity load, boundary conditions, anchorage, and deterioration. This report addresses the third phase of testing, which consisted of eight specimens, as well as half of the fourth phase of testing, which consisted of six specimens where three will be discussed. Although conducted in different phases, their results are combined here to co-locate observations regarding the behavior of the second phase the wet (stucco) finished specimens. The results of first phase of wet specimen tests were presented in Schiller et al. [2020(a)]. Experiments involved imposition of combined vertical loading and quasi-static reversed cyclic lateral load onto ten cripple walls of 12 ft long and 2 or 6 ft high. One cripple wall was tested with a monotonic loading protocol. All specimens in this report were constructed with the same boundary conditions on the top and corners of the walls as well as being tested with the same vertical load. Parameters addressed in this report include: wet exterior finishes (stucco over framing, stucco over horizontal lumber sheathing, and stucco over diagonal lumber sheathing), cripple wall height, loading protocol, anchorage condition, boundary condition at the bottom of the walls, and the retrofitted condition. Details of the test specimens, testing protocol, including instrumentation; and measured as well as physical observations are summarized in this report. Companion reports present phases of the tests considering, amongst other variables, impacts of various boundary conditions, stucco (wet) and non-stucco (dry) finishes, vertical load, cripple wall height, and anchorage condition. Results from these experiments are intended to support advancement of numerical modeling tools, which ultimately will inform seismic loss models capable of quantifying the reduction of loss achieved by applying state-of-practice retrofit methods as identified in FEMA P-1100,Vulnerability-Base Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of One- and Two-Family Dwellings.