Academic literature on the topic 'Modello di equazioni strutturali (MES)'

Diverse ricerche hanno sottolineato l'importanza di esaminare il Disimpegno Morale (DM) per comprendere l'aggressione strumentale e la condotta deviante nei diversi contesti. Questo studio esamina il ruolo del DM organizzativo come uno specifico costrutto social-cognitivo che interviene nel processo che conduce ai comportamenti controproduttivi (CWB). All'interno del modello stressor-emotion ipotizziamo che il DM medi la relazione tra le emozioni negative in reazione alla percezione di stressor e i CWB, promuovendo o giustificando la risposta aggressiva al contesto frustrante. In un campione di 1147 lavoratori italiani (53.50% donne) abbiamo esaminato un modello di equazioni strutturali che ha confermato le nostre ipotesi: piu i lavoratori reagiscono agli stressor con emozioni negative, piu hanno bisogno di ricorrere al DM, piu agiscono i CWB.

Obiettivo del presente articolo è quello di evidenziare come la competitività degli attori che operano in un territorio dipenda strettamente dal patrimonio culturale e dall'identità del luogo stesso, concetti sedimentati in letteratura, ma che necessitano di una ulteriore validazione empirica. La review della letteratura, infatti, focalizzandosi sui costrutti di place heritage, place image e place identity, ne evidenzia l'influenza sulla place reputation, che, a sua volta, riverbera i suoi effetti sulla place competitiveness e sulla capacità competitiva dei retailer operanti in una specifica area geografica. Successivamente, le ipotesi di ricerca sono state validate attraverso un'analisi sul campo che ha interessato un campione di 85 soggetti, intervistati in store. Lo studio, attraverso un modello di equazioni strutturali, intende sottolineare come la reputazione di un territorio - e le sue componenti - possa impattare sulle performance dei suoi attori, influenzandone la capacità competitiva.

Il bullismo al lavoro viene riconosciuto come un importante fattore di rischio psicosociale che ha un effetto sia sulla salute psico-fisica che sulla soddisfazione eorganizzativo. In linea con queste ricerche, l'obiettivo del presente studio č quello di indagare gli effetti del bullismo al lavoro sul, soddisfazione, burnout e salute del lavoratore. Ad un campione di circa 500 lavoratori italiani (70% donne) di etŕ compresa tra i 21 e i 68 anni (Media = 40.6 anni; DS = 10.05) č stato somministrato un questionario self-report. Al fine di indagare se l'essere vittima di atti negativi abbia un effetto sulla soddisfazione,, burnout e sintomi psicosomatici č stato testato un modello di equazioni strutturali. I risultati confermano che il bullismo al lavoro ha un effetto sulle dimensioni indagate e che le vittime di bullismo al lavoro sono meno soddisfatte, meno attaccate all'organizzazione, e soffrono maggiormente di burnout e disturbi psicosomatici.

Questo lavoro ha indagato il senso di appartenenza degli infermieri all'azienda ospedaliera, tenendo conto del genere, del reparto di afferenza e degli anni di permanenza nella struttura. Ulteriore obiettivo č stato quello di indagare la relazione tra il senso di appartenenza di questi operatori sanitari e altre variabili psicosociali, quali le percezioni di efficacia collettiva nella comunicazione in ambito ospedaliero, l'autoefficacia percepita nella comunicazione con il paziente, l'autoefficacia sociale e il burnout. Č stato somministrato un questionario self-report a 840 infermieri (47% maschi e 53% femmine) che lavorano in aziende ospedaliere del Centro e del Sud Italia. I risultati hanno evidenziato livelli piuttosto elevati di senso di appartenenza alla struttura da parte degli infermieri (con differenze per anzianitŕ di servizio e reparto di afferenza) e bassi livelli di burnout. Č stato testato un modello di equazioni strutturali che ha evidenziato come il senso di appartenenza, insieme alle percezioni di autoefficacia comunicativa, risulti un predittore negativo di tutte le dimensioni del burnout. Sono risultati predittori del senso di appartenenza all'azienda ospedaliera le percezioni di efficacia collettiva e l'anzianitŕ di servizio nello stesso ospedale.

Il termine LISREL e l'acronimo di LInear Structural RELationship ed è nato inizialmente come nome di un software messo a punto dallo svedese Karl Joreskog e dai suoi collaboratori nei primi anni '70 per stimare, col metodo della massima verosimiglianza, i coefficienti strutturali dei modelli basati su sistemi di equazioni strutturali.Tali modelli, nella elaborazione tramite il LISREL, rappresentano la sistemazione logica, prima ancora che statistica o computeristica, di tecniche di analisi multivariata le cui prime proposte risalgono all'ininzio del secolo; riconducendo ad un unico modello che ne costituisce una geniale sintesi, approcci ed itinerari scientifici fino ad allora distinti e non comunicanti, quali l'analisi fattoriale, i modelli causali e i modelli di misurazione. In particolare rappresentano in questo momento la più completa e sistematica risposta al problema di operazionalizzare in termini di ricerca e di verifica empirica, nel campo delle scienze sociali, la controversa, ma non per questo meno fondamentale, nozione di causalità. Essi sono quindi la reinterpretazione, sistemazione e soprattutto generalizzazione di quelli che negli anni '60 venivano chiamati i modelli causali e che nella prima metà degli anni '70 avevano conosciuto una notevole popolarità fra i sociologi soprattutto attraverso la tecnica della path analysis.

2015 - 2016
We often hear about the concept of sustainable development through newspapers, television and other mass media, yet frequently the meaning of this expression escapes most people. But what does sustainable development actually mean? It is "economic development compatible with the protection and conservation of environmental resources". This explanation, although indicated by common language, has the merit of placing the two central subjects of the argument in the foreground: economy and environment. The ability to relate these two subjects in the best possible way results in an effective policy of sustainable development. The effectiveness results from being able to safeguard and conserve resources, and this means becoming aware of the fact that the resources present in nature are not unlimited (at least those most used by man), and therefore it is necessary to know how to manage them in a way very rational, so that future generations can enjoy the same privileges that current generations make abundantly. Sustainable development, however, does not refer only to the management of resources, but broadens its horizons to all activities managed by man, as ensuring a decent life to future generations, also means giving them a healthy environment and able to guarantee a peaceful life. This, substantially, is what is expressed in the first chapter of this thesis, where the focus was more on what has been the historical and management evolution of the company sustainability. Starting from the origins of the concept has been described what are the characteristics and the limits of the models that over time have succeeded. We also proceeded to describe what are the reference contexts in which corporate sustainability has played a fundamental role: in the paradigms of Service Science and in the ASV dynamics. Finally, emphasis was placed on what are the possible business advantages deriving from a correct management of sustainability, in the field of stakeholder engagement and the growth of the reputational capital of the company. The second chapter, after a discussion on the model concept and a description of the OSEC model, focuses on what are the models of structural equations (MES), analyzing and describing the phases with the most frequent problems and errors to avoid as well as the first practical applications, in econometrics and psychometrics. Subsequently, the most technical part that underlies the models was analyzed, such as the syntax and the methodology used. Finally, in the third chapter a brief description of the sample is presented, then with the data in possession we have specified a structural model with the aim of assessing the causal links between the constructs analyzed and the main empirical conclusions deriving from the estimation of the model. structural with attached considerations and critical issues. The research work was aimed at verifying the existence of a possible relationship between the models of structural equations and the concept of corporate sustainability. Starting from the analysis of the macro-model on communication for sustainability, the various relationships existing between the variables examined have been analyzed through the ESM. This analysis, as explained in the previous paragraph, has provided excellent results, the validation of the model in fact, is well configured with the conceptual construct of the macro-model on communication for sustainability. It should also be clarified how discussions on models of structural equations still remain an "open" topic with many facets and unknowns. Few, in fact, are the discussions on the subject especially as regards the business economy, although, we are witnessing their increasing use and study both in the theoretical field and in the field of applied research. Innovative studies, such as those expressed in the second chapter, have shown, however, how this topic can provide advantages in terms of theoretical and practical applications in the various company dimensions. Economic research, especially in the business environment, is the difficulty and the impossibility, often, of being able to conduct "experiments", which, usable by other social sciences, would allow us to highlight with greater approximation the results that are outlined at the theoretical level, making them de facto verifiable. To this problem is added, moreover, the difficulty of having the right balance between the reality of the events and the simplification of the assumptions that are at the base of the use of the models. To obtain further information on the subjects under investigation, the results obtained must be compared with those of other types of analyzes to highlight their distinctive characteristics. In conclusion, therefore, in the light of the results obtained, it can be affirmed that it would be convenient to extend the research, redefining and specifying more "items", in order to have a more detailed analysis and a higher quality of the model estimates. It is therefore possible to state that the implementation of the cases under study will determine an ever-increasing discussion, in terms of communication for sustainability, which can be analyzed and implemented with the help of structural equation models. [edited by author]
XV n.s.

2017 - 2018
Objective: The thesis focuses on the concept of Open Government Data (OGD) as a new approach to the management of public administrations (Pereira et al., 2017; Wang and Lo, 2016; Zuiderwijk and Janssen, 2014; Attard et al., 2015; Chan, 2013), based on the use of technologies for data treatment capable of favoring the affirmation of logics characterized by transparency, citizens’ involvement and participation in the processes, activities and services of the public sector (Dawes et al., 2016; Gonzalez-Zapata and Heeks, 2015; Ubaldi, 2013; Shadbolt et al., 2012). In particular, the objective of the work is to deepen the aspects and conditions enabling the management of Public Administration (PA) according to the OGD, as well as the impact of this approach on the quality of the public service provided to the community. The choice to carry out this study arises from the consideration according to which in literature, to date, there is no organic nucleus of empirical research aimed at investigating the stimulating factors of the ODG and the concrete effects on the public service quality resulting from the implementation of such an approach in public administrations. Methodology: The work starts from the analysis of the state of the art dedicated to the methods of conducting public administrations. Specifically, through a chronological excursus, the main approaches to the management of the PA (such as the Bureaucratic Model, New Public Management, New Public Governance, New Public Service, Open Government) were analyzed to represent the paradigmatic evolution leading to the affirmation of the OGD. The most important aspects (constructs) emerging from the analysis of the literature were further investigated to verify the existence of possible relations of influence between them. To this end, for each of the identified constructs, several items were selected for the construction of a questionnaire, administered to a sample of 567 Italian citizens. The results emerged from the answers provided by the citizens allowed defining and testing a Structural Equation Model (SEM), aimed at providing empirical evidences about the facilitating aspects of the OGD and the effects of its adoption within the PA in terms of public service quality for the community. Results: The findings highlight the existence of some crucial aspects, sometimes undervalued within the PA, which should be taken into account for the proper management of public administrations according to the logic of the OGD, especially in a historical moment characterized by an increasingly felt need to manage huge amounts of data in a transparent, participatory and collaborative way. In particular, according to the results of the analysis, it is necessary to encourage the dissemination of data-driven culture at every level of society so that citizens can take advantage of the benefits deriving from a thoughtful adoption of the ODG in the PA. Implications: The work provides both theoretical and managerial implications. From a purely theoretical point of view, the thesis offers its contribution under a twofold profile: methodological and conceptual. Regarding the first aspect, the study brings to light the results obtained by testing a SEM, which represents a methodology particularly appreciated for the analysis of data in the social sciences (Hair et al., 2016; Kline, 2015), especially since it allows verifying the interrelations between latent (not directly measurable) variables (Heck and Thomas, 2015; Duncan, 2014); with regard to the conceptual profile, the thesis favors the enrichment of the literature through the analysis of an approach to company management in a sector in which the studies in this regard are still fragmented. Regarding managerial implications, the identification of the most incisive aspects in managing public administration according to the Open Government Data provides policy makers and public sector executives with valuable information for the development of policies and strategies capable of improving the quality of the service rendered to citizens. In particular, the usefulness of the thesis should be seen in the fact that, through an empirical analysis, the work offers ideas to optimize the allocation of human, economic, technological and temporal resources. In other words, in presence of limited resources, as traditionally occurs in the public sector, knowing the aspects toward which investment should be opportunely directed could generate a considerable advantage for public domain services’ recipients. Research limitations: The study follows a quantitative approach based on the test of a Structural Equation Model, defined through the administration of questionnaires. The choice to resort to questionnaires, if on the one hand allowed building a large sample (made up of over 500 citizens), on the other hand reduced the depth of the analysis, since it prevented from investigating with high degree of detail the thought of each citizen involved in the sample survey. For this reason, the thesis takes shape as a starting point for a future research project to be carried out by using additional qualitative and quantitative methods, to be applied by means of both traditional (such as interviews) and innovative (such as social media analytics) techniques. [edited by author]
XVII n.s. (XXXI ciclo)