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Journal articles on the topic 'Modelling and theoretical studies'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Sahimi, Muhammad, Hossein Rassamdana, and Bahram Dabir. "Asphalt Formation and Precipitation: Experimental Studies and Theoretical Modelling." SPE Journal 2, no. 02 (June 1, 1997): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/35707-pa.

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2

Legović, T. "Theoretical studies of ecosystems: The network perspective." Ecological Modelling 64, no. 1 (October 1992): 79–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(92)90053-h.

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3

Herbst, Eric. "Theoretical Studies of Dense Cloud Chemistry." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 120 (1987): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900154087.

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Based on analyses by a variety of investigators, it has become understood that gas phase reactions can account for much of the chemistry observed in dense interstellar clouds. However, quantitative calculations of molecular abundances utilizing gas phase reactions are beset with difficulties. These difficulties include uncertainties in needed rate coefficients at the low temperatures of interstellar clouds, uncertainties in the dynamics of physical processes such as cloud collapse and clumping, and uncertainties in our understanding of gasgrain interactions. New work in some of these areas and its impact on modelling is emphasized.

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4

YANG, PanPan, MingYong LIU, XingGuang PENG, and XiaoKang LEI. "Progress of theoretical modelling and empirical studies on collective motion." Chinese Science Bulletin 59, no. 25 (September 1, 2014): 2464–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/n972013-00045.

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5

Bridger, Alan. "Theoretical Models of W Virginis Variables." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 82 (1985): 246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s025292110010942x.

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W Virginis variables are the population II counterparts of the classical cepheids, although they do not show quite the same trends as are seen in the latter. Theoretical studies of the population II cepheids have not been very extensive until recent studies of the shorter period variables (BL Herculis variables, with periods between 1 and 10 days). The variables with periods above 10 days (up to about 50 days) have only been studied by a few authors, modelling the prototype star (W Vir) (.g. Christy 1966; Davis 1974). Although these models qualitatively reproduced the observations they were not very successful, and were based on a stellar mass (0.88 Mʘ) that now seems likely to be too high.

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6

GAO, Zhiying. "Review of Modelling and Theoretical Studies on Chatter in the Rolling Mills." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 51, no. 16 (2015): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2015.16.087.

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7

Jones, Anthony P. "Interstellar dust modelling: Interfacing laboratory, theoretical and observational studies (The THEMIS model)." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29A (August 2015): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316003148.

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AbstractThe construction of viable and physically-realistic interstellar dust models is only possible if the constraints imposed by laboratory data on interstellar dust analogue materials are respected and used within a meaningful theoretical framework. These “physical” dust models can then be directly compared to observations without the need for any tuning to fit the observations. Such models will generally fail to achieve the excellent fits to observations that “empirical” models are able to achieve. However, the physically-realistic approach will necessarily lead to a deeper insight and a fuller understanding of the nature and evolution of interstellar dust. The THEMIS modelling approach, based on (hydrogenated) amorphous carbons and amorphous silicates with metallic Fe and/or FeS nano-inclusions appears to be a promising move in this direction.

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8

Morán-López, J. L. "Theoretical studies and modelling of nanostructured materials a challenge for the 1990s." Computational Materials Science 2, no. 1 (January 1994): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0927-0256(94)90048-5.

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9

Barquero, Berta, and Britta Eyrich Jessen. "Impact of theoretical perspectives on the design of mathematical modelling tasks." Avances de Investigación en Educación Matemática, no. 17 (May 1, 2020): 98–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.35763/aiem.v0i17.317.

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In this paper, we discuss how the adoption of a particular theoretical framework affects task design in the research field of modelling and applications. With this purpose, we start by referring to the existence of different reference epistemological models about mathematical modelling to analyse better the consequences they have for decision making concerning designing modelling tasks and their implementation. In particular, we present the analysis of three case studies, which have been selected as representatives of different theoretical perspectives to modelling. We discuss the impact of the chosen reference epistemological model on the task design process of mathematical modelling and the local ecologies suited for their implementation.

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10

Bekkouche, Sidi, Tayeb Benouaz, and Ali Cheknane. "A modelling approach of thermal insulation applied to a Saharan building." Thermal Science 13, no. 4 (2009): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0904233b.

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The present work is part of research project titled 'Modeling, Simulation, Theoretical and Experimental Thermal Studies of Ghardaia Local Climate. Effect of Thermal Insulation'. The main objective of the current work was to determine the temperatures of the building in question with or without thermal insulation. This paper presents experimental and theoretical studies of two rooms thermal behavior. These rooms are two parts of an apartment building located in semi arid area (Gharda?a). A mathematical model describing the thermal behavior of these rooms in question was developed and elaborated. These studies allowed also room internal temperature evolution profile to be determined. Through numerical simulation it has been found that the applied insulation layer reduced the losses of winter and maintained an appropriate temperature. It was found that the theoretically found results were consistent to an acceptable level with those found experimentally.

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11

Imshennik, V. S., and S. I. Blinnikov. "Hydrodynamics and Theoretical Light Curves of SNe II." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 145 (1996): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100007983.

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12

Xia, Zhao Wang, and Yuan Yuan Fang. "Theoretical Modelling of the Particle Damper." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 3128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.3128.

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Particle damping is a method for improving damping of a dynamic system by means of energy dissipation due to repeated collisions of a free mass on the base structure. In this paper, the theoretical investigations carried out to study and characterize damping with respect to the level of base excitation. The mathematical model consists of a particle damping system. The response obtained from the mathematical model for the drum brake and paticle damper. Here the effect of particle damping is studied for low frequency and high amplitude excitation. Optimum parameters are determined for design of impact damper based on the mathematical model. A good match is obtained by theoretical results.

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13

Akinsiku, Anuoluwa Abimbola, Olayinka Oyewale Ajani, Joseph Adeyemi Adekoya, Moses Eterigho Emetere, and Enock Olugbenga Dare. "Green synthesis of triclinic (anorthic) phase AgCoPO4 nanoparticles: optical studies and theoretical modelling." Heliyon 6, no. 9 (September 2020): e05029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05029.

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14

Wojewoda, Jerzy, Andrzej Stefański, Marian Wiercigroch, and Tomasz Kapitaniak. "Hysteretic effects of dry friction: modelling and experimental studies." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 366, no. 1866 (October 18, 2007): 747–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.2125.

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In this paper, the phenomena of hysteretic behaviour of friction force observed during experiments are discussed. On the basis of experimental and theoretical analyses, we argue that such behaviour can be considered as a representation of the system dynamics. According to this approach, a classification of friction models, with respect to their sensitivity on the system motion characteristic, is introduced. General friction modelling of the phenomena accompanying dry friction and a simple yet effective approach to capture the hysteretic effect are proposed. Finally, the experimental results are compared with the numerical simulations for the proposed friction model.

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15

Huisman, J., and F. J. Weissing. "Competition for nutrients and light among phytoplankton species in a mixed water column: theoretical studies." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 4 (August 1, 1995): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0176.

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A brief overview is given of modelling studies that aim to analyse the effects of nutrient and light limitations on the development of phytoplankton communities and lead to a qualitative understanding of the competitive interactions involved.

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16

Matos, J., A. Monteiro, P. Costa, R. Neves, A. Bettencourt, A. Frazao, and C. Santos. "Wastewater diffusion in the estoril coast: theoretical calculations and field studies." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 10 (November 1, 1998): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0420.

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The Costa do Estoril sewerage system is located on the west side of the Lisbon region, off the mouth of the Tagus river. This system was planned in order to free the pleasant beaches of the region from any wastewater discharge and is prepared to serve, at the final phase, more than one million inhabitants. In the Costa do Estoril a long sea outfall with two diffusers is used for final wastewater disposal. This system has been operating since 1994. In this paper nearfield dilution corresponding to present working conditions are presented. For simulation of nearfield dilution CORMIX 1 and CORMIX 2 (Cornel Mixing Zone Expert System) were applied. The basic data for modelling was selected according to field studies obtained under an ongoing environmental monitoring program.

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17

Bearchell, C. A., D. M. Heyes, D. J. Moreton, and S. E. Taylor. "Overbased detergent particles: Experimental and molecular modelling studies." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 3, no. 21 (October 5, 2001): 4774–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b103628a.

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18

Bougeard, Daniel, and Konstantin S. Smirnov. "Modelling studies of water in crystalline nanoporous aluminosilicates." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 9, no. 2 (2007): 226–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b614463m.

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19

Greefrath, Gilbert. "Mathematical modelling competence. Selected current research approaches." Avances de Investigación en Educación Matemática, no. 17 (May 1, 2020): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35763/aiem.v0i17.303.

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Current research areas in the field of mathematical modelling are identified on the basis of specific research and development projects. Modelling cycles are an important theoretical basis for this. The measurement of students modelling competencies as well as that of competencies for teaching mathematical modelling with the help of written tests are important components. The investigation of different mathematical modelling tools, such as the use of technology in larger control group studies, and the evaluation of lecture series in teacher education, are current lines of research in the field of modelling in mathematics education. Overall, selected studies from Germany are used as examples to provide insight into the current research landscape.

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20

Sysoieva, Inna, Oksana Balaziuk, and Liubomyr Pylypenko. "MODELLING OF ENTERPRISE’S ACCOUNTING POLICY: THEORETICAL ASPECT." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 1 (March 22, 2019): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-1-188-193.

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The purpose of this article is to study the possibility of modelling accounting policies and accounting processes. Since accounting processes don’t have defined parameters, to study them we can model their functional features and forecast the behaviour of the object in question in various situations. It is achieved by means of developing certain sign patterns: charts, schemes, unified forms and rules for filling them out. Such modelling is called sign modelling. The most important type of sign modelling is logical-mathematic. In logical mathematic modelling, sign formations and their elements are considered in connection with certain transformations and operations with them. A logical mathematic model (LMM) is a basis (mathematic and linguistic provision) for creating algorithms for accounting processes and software development. Since the accounting objects are rather diversified, the principles of processing corresponding information can also differ. For instance, the most efficient accounting methods and approaches for large enterprises and turn out to be irrational for small enterprises and even result in additional losses and unnecessary increase in the amount of differently detailed information. Methods of the research: the statistical method of the questionnaire and generalization for studying the preconditions of accounting policy development at enterprises; the method of expert evaluation of strong and weak points of the analysed enterprises to define options and threats for their economic activity. Practical results. The content of the conceptual apparatus “accounting policies” is considered. The expediency of application of mathematical modelling information of accounting policy of the enterprise for the choice of effective methods of conducting financial accounting is substantiated. Elements of stages of the process of modelling accounting processes and accounting policy are studied and improved. When creating an accounting model, it is important to take into account which of the factors should be entered into the model. On the one hand, while using a model for forecasting, it is necessary to take into account as many factors as possible. On the other hand, gathering and processing large amounts of information are time-consuming, therefore, it is better to reduce the number of factors restricting by the most powerful ones. Value/originality. The choice of accounting policy should be based on modelling, the central link of which is a system of accounting and analytical support.

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21

Doucet, Paul G., and Nicolien J. Drost. "Theoretical studies on animal orientation." Journal of Theoretical Biology 117, no. 3 (December 1985): 337–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5193(85)80148-x.

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22

Narayanan, Ramadas. "Theoretical Modelling of Silica Gel Desiccant Wheels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.311.

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Desiccant evaporative cooling system is a potential environment-friendly alternative to conventional vapour compression chillers. A desiccant wheel is the heart of this heat driven cooling system and it uses a solid desiccant for dehumidification with silica gel being most widely used. The desiccant material is coated, impregnated or formed in a place on the supporting rotor structure. The matrix consists of multiple channels in the direction of axis of rotation of the wheel. Proper design of the wheel is very important for the successful operation of the system and theoretical models are very useful tool in predicting the performance and design optimization. One of the major difficulties in numerical modelling of the desiccant wheel is the lack of knowledge of adsorption equilibrium of porous medium.In this paper, adsorption equilibria of the silica gel is studied and the different theories existing to characterize the adsorption process and different equations for prediction of adsorption equilibria are compared and used in a theoretical model predicting the wheel performance. The results of the different models are compared with experimental data and conclusions are drawn.

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23

Parkkinen, Veli-Pekka. "Are Model Organisms Theoretical Models?" Disputatio 9, no. 47 (December 1, 2017): 471–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/disp-2017-0015.

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AbstractThis article compares the epistemic roles of theoretical models and model organisms in science, and specifically the role of non-human animal models in biomedicine. Much of the previous literature on this topic shares an assumption that animal models and theoretical models have a broadly similar epistemic role—that of indirect representation of a target through the study of a surrogate system. Recently, Levy and Currie (2015) have argued that model organism research and theoretical modelling differ in the justification of model-to-target inferences, such that a unified account based on the widely accepted idea of modelling as indirect representation does not similarly apply to both. I defend a similar conclusion, but argue that the distinction between animal models and theoretical models does not always track a difference in the justification of model-to-target inferences. Case studies of the use of animal models in biomedicine are presented to illustrate this. However, Levy and Currie’s point can be argued for in a different way. I argue for the following distinction. Model organisms (and other concrete models) function as surrogate sources of evidence, from which results are transferred to their targets by empirical extrapolation. By contrast, theoretical modelling does not involve such an inductive step. Rather, theoretical models are used for drawing conclusions from what is already known or assumed about the target system. Codifying assumptions about the causal structure of the target in external representational media (e.g. equations, graphs) allows one to apply explicit inferential rules to reach conclusions that could not be reached with unaided cognition alone (cf. Kuorikoski and Ylikoski 2015).

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24

Dunas, Denis, and Sergey Vartanov. "Youth as Media Audience: Theoretical Approaches in Russian Media Studies." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 9, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 106–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2020.9(1).106-122.

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The article analyzes and systematizes theoretical approaches to youth segment of Russian media audience in the academic studies in the period 1960s to present. The authors estimate the dynamics of the scientific thought, and describe its national peculiarities. They also propose a periodization of studies of youth media audience. The study is based on the media-centric and interdisciplinary approaches to the analysis of media audience, which involves mathematical modelling as method of studying media consumption processes. The results of the analysis include the following. Before 1991, media audience was viewed as the object of Soviet propaganda, and the approaches to understanding young audience added to providing social stability and attempts to turn them to the dominant values and regulations. The studies were carried out, basically, in the field of sociology. After 1991, media audience became not only the subject of media studies but also the object of marketing research, which partially replaced (or even displaced) the theoretical researches. The current period is characterized by poly-paradigm approaches to media studies, which has resulted in multiple conceptions of youth audience (millennials, generation Z, generation Alfa, etc.). The key feature of the latter is its digital nature, and the main approach to studying youth audience as trendsetter is via its media behavior in the digital environment.

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25

Das, A. K., and J. N. Bandyopadhyay. "Theoretical and experimental studies on conoidal shells." Computers & Structures 49, no. 3 (November 1993): 531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(93)90054-h.

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Marti, Beatrice Sabine, Aidar Zhumabaev, and Tobias Siegfried. "A comprehensive open-source course for teaching applied hydrological modelling in Central Asia." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 27, no. 1 (January 17, 2023): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-319-2023.

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Abstract. Numerical modelling is often used for climate impact studies in water resources management. It is, however, not yet highly accessible to many students of hydrology in Central Asia. One big hurdle for new learners is the scripting requirement for the preparation of relevant data prior to the actual modelling. We present a robust, open-source workflow and comprehensive teaching material that aim at bridging the gap between theoretical hydrological modelling know-how and applied modelling for climate impact studies in Central Asia. The teaching material has been refined over 2 consecutive years and is being taken up by several professors teaching hydrological modelling in Central Asia.

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27

Kamiński, Roman, Marian Tybura, Zygmunt Winczura, and Andrzej Żyluk. "Modelling the flight dynamics of aerial target imitator." Journal of KONBiN 48, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 119–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2018-0050.

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Abstract This article is concerned with the issue related to studying the dynamic properties of the aerial target imitator. Applying the modelling principles, the structure and technical data of aerial target imitator were described and utilising the PRODAS software a physical model of the aerial imitator was developed based on the conducted simulation studies. Mass, aerodynamic and basic parameters of flight path were determined. Then, experimental studies of basic dynamic characteristics were discussed. The comparison of results obtained from experimental and theoretical studies proves the correctness of the developed model.

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Dosen-Micovic, Ljiljana. "Molecular modelling of fentanyl analogs." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 69, no. 11 (2004): 843–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0411843d.

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Fentanyl is a highly potent and clinically widely used narcotic analgesic. A large number of its analogs have been synthesized, some of which (sufentanil and alfentanyl) are also in clinical use. Theoretical studies, in recent years, afforded a better understanding of the structure-activity relationships of this class of opiates and allowed insight into the molecular mechanism of the interactions of fentanyl analogs with their receptors. An overview of the current computational techniques for modeling fentanyl analogs, their receptors and ligand-receptor interactions is presented in this paper.

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29

RIBEIRO, J., and J. M. P. VENTURA. "Evaluation of Textile Bobbins Drying Processes: Experimental and Modelling Studies." Drying Technology 13, no. 1-2 (January 1995): 239–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373939508916952.

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30

Abarzhi, Snezhana I. "Review of theoretical modelling approaches of Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities and turbulent mixing." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 368, no. 1916 (April 13, 2010): 1809–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0020.

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We review the theoretical developments in the field of Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities and turbulent mixing, discuss what is known and what is not known about the phenomenon, and outline the features of similarity of the turbulent mixing process. Based on the physical intuition and on the results of rigorous theoretical studies, we put forward some new ideas on how to grasp the essentials of the mixing process and consider the influence of momentum transport on the invariants and on scaling and statistical properties of the unsteady turbulent mixing.

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31

Y, Yatini, Djoko Santoso, Agus Laesanpura, and Budi Sulistijo. "Studi Pemodelan Respon Polarisasi Terinduksi dalam Kawasan Waktu (TDIP) terhadap Kandungan Mineral Logam, Sebuah Hasil Awal." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 4, no. 02 (February 10, 2017): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/ijap.v4i02.4984.

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<p>Modelling studies of Time Domain Induced Polarization (TDIP) performed to obtain the relationship between parameters responses to metallic mineral content. This study includes mathematical, forward, physical and inversion modelling. Mathematical modelling is done by solving the Laplace equation to obtain the IP responses. Forward modelling is done by developing a numerical workflow to generate theoretical curves. Physical modelling obtained the data from various parameters of target measurement. TDIP responses that compared with the theoretical curves are the results of mathematical modelling. The best response of IP can be obtained by inversion modelling. TDIP responses measurement by varying target’s metallic mineral content is done for understanding the relationship between them. The amplitude of IP responses in forward modelling is determined by target’s radius and depth ratio, and ratio of background resistivity and target’s resistivity. The higher target’s radius and depth ratio, the higher the amplitude. There is a good correlation between TDIP responses to the presence of the target and the possibility of metallic mineral content in target.</p>

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Matkivskyi, S. V. "Theoretical and methodological features of creating reservoir models of hydrocarbon fields." Мінеральні ресурси України, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31996/mru.2020.4.39-44.

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To increase the efficiency of appraisal and development of hydrocarbon fields, the most effective technology is the integration of geological and field information into modern software systems for reservoir simulation, starting from the input of seismic data to field development planning based on a reservoir models. Building a three-dimensional geocellular models is an integral part of hydrocarbon reservoir management. After all, the reservoir model built to solve the main tasks of reservoir management such as: achieve the highest recovery and maximum economic effect. The modern level of software and the advances in computer processing power and graphics allows you to operate with big data, provides an opportunity for its systematization, statistical processing and detecting the basic laws between them. The availability of reliable data plays important role in the creation of a database for reservoir models. The input data for reservoir modelling of the fields, which were discovered in the 1960s, are the results of complex studies, characterized by insufficient accuracy and low quality. Lack of reliable and high-quality data brings significant uncertainty in all stages of modelling from volumetric estimation to the history match and forecasting. The necessity of using available geological and field information has led to the development of new methodological principles and approaches to reservoir modelling in conditions of limited initial information. According to the results of numerous studies, a significant number of methods have been developed, which are successfully used in the design of simulation models of hydrocarbon reservoirs of JSC “Ukrgazvydobuvannya”. Thanks to the use of new approaches to the building of 3D-models, high accuracy and reliability of the simulation results under such conditions is achieved.

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Abdimutalipova, Z. K. "NUMERICAL MODELLING OF THE JET FLOW." Heralds of KSUCTA, №1, 2022, no. 1-2022 (March 14, 2022): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.35803/1694-5298.2022.1.197-201.

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In this work, plane turbulent jets are simulated numerically using a three-dimensional computational model. The simulated jets exclude the influence of the free surface and solid boundaries on the jets. The accuracy of turbulent schemes is assessed by analyzing the decay of the average velocity, the rate of growth of the jet, and the similarity of the profiles of the longitudinal and vertical velocities. The results of the two turbulent closure schemes are compared with experimental and theoretical studies to determine their accuracy.

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Failla, Giuseppe, and Massimiliano Zingales. "Advanced materials modelling via fractional calculus: challenges and perspectives." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2172 (May 11, 2020): 20200050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2020.0050.

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Fractional calculus is now a well-established tool in engineering science, with very promising applications in materials modelling. Indeed, several studies have shown that fractional operators can successfully describe complex long-memory and multiscale phenomena in materials, which can hardly be captured by standard mathematical approaches as, for instance, classical differential calculus. Furthermore, fractional calculus has recently proved to be an excellent framework for modelling non-conventional fractal and non-local media, opening valuable prospects on future engineered materials. The theme issue gathers cutting-edge theoretical, computational and experimental studies on advanced materials modelling via fractional calculus, with a focus on complex phenomena and non-conventional media. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced materials modelling via fractional calculus: challenges and perspectives’.

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35

Kahle, Claudia, Ralph Deubner, Curd Schollmayer, Josef Scheiber, Knut Baumann, and Ulrike Holzgrabe. "NMR Spectroscopic and Molecular Modelling Studies on Cyclodextrin-Dipeptide Inclusion Complexes." European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2005, no. 8 (April 2005): 1578–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.200400673.

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Rutqvist, J., J. Noorishad, O. Stephansson, and C. F. Tsang. "Theoretical and field studies of coupled hydromechanical behaviour of fractured rocks—2. Field experiment and modelling." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 29, no. 4 (July 1992): 411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(92)90516-3.

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Ionin, A. A., Yu M. Klimachev, Yu B. Konev, A. A. Kotkov, A. K. Kurnosov, A. P. Napartovich, L. V. Seleznev, D. V. Sinitsyn, and Yu V. Terekhov. "Theoretical modelling and experimental studies of the multi-quantum vibration exchange in vibrationally excited CO molecules." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 34, no. 14 (July 4, 2001): 2230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/34/14/319.

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Pepelyshev, Andrey, Feodor Borodich, Boris Galanov, Elena Gorb, and Stanislav Gorb. "Adhesion of Soft Materials to Rough Surfaces: Experimental Studies, Statistical Analysis and Modelling." Coatings 8, no. 10 (September 30, 2018): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings8100350.

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Adhesion between rough surfaces is an active field of research where both experimental studies and theoretical modelling are used. However, it is rather difficult to conduct precise experimental evaluations of adhesive properties of the so-called anti-adhesive materials. Hence, it was suggested earlier by Purtov et al. (2013) to prepare epoxy resin replicas of surfaces having different topography and conduct depth-sensing indentation of the samples using a micro-force tester with a spherical smooth probe made of the compliant polydimethylsiloxane polymer in order to compare values of the force of adhesion to the surfaces. Surprising experimental observations were obtained in which a surface having very small roughness showed the greater value of the force of adhesion than the value for a replica of smooth surface. A plausible explanation of the data was given suggesting that these rough surfaces had full adhesive contact and their true contact area is greater than the area for a smooth surface, while the surfaces with higher values of roughness do not have full contact. Here, the experimental results of surface topography measurements and the statistical analysis of the data are presented. Several modern tests of normality used showed that the height distribution of the surfaces under investigation is normal (Gaussian) and hence the classic statistical models of adhesive contact between rough surfaces may formally be used. Employing one of the Galanov (2011) models of adhesive contact between rough surfaces, the plausible explanation of the experimental observations has been confirmed and theoretically justified.

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Di Silvio, Sergio, Fabio Bologna, Lorenzo Milli, Demetra Giuri, Nicola Zanna, Nicola Castellucci, Magda Monari, et al. "Elusive π-helical peptide foldamers spotted by chiroptical studies." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 18, no. 5 (2020): 865–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ob02313e.

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A series of oligomers containing alternate l-Ala and pGlu (pyroglutamic acid) both in the L and D form have been prepared and conformationally investigated by X-ray, NMR, UV/ECD, IR/VCD and molecular modelling.

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Rose, S. J., P. W. Hatfield, and R. H. H. Scott. "Modelling burning thermonuclear plasma." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2184 (October 12, 2020): 20200014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2020.0014.

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Considerable progress towards the achievement of thermonuclear burn using inertial confinement fusion has been achieved at the National Ignition Facility in the USA in the last few years. Other drivers, such as the Z-machine at Sandia, are also making progress towards this goal. A burning thermonuclear plasma would provide a unique and extreme plasma environment; in this paper we discuss (a) different theoretical challenges involved in modelling burning plasmas not currently considered, (b) the use of novel machine learning-based methods that might help large facilities reach ignition, and (c) the connections that a burning plasma might have to fundamental physics, including quantum electrodynamics studies, and the replication and exploration of conditions that last occurred in the first few minutes after the Big Bang. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy (part 1)’.

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Bull, L. J., and M. J. Kirkby. "Gully processes and modelling." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 21, no. 3 (September 1997): 354–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339702100302.

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This article reviews previous investigations into gully and badland research and discusses processes and definitions in the context of existing research in southeast Spain. The theory of badland development is summarized and definitions are proposed which draw on previous work and continuing studies. The processes influencing gully and channel head morphology are then discussed including overland flow, hillslope processes, pipe initiation and enlargement, mass failures and the magnitude and frequency distribution of storm events. Finally, modelling of badland landscapes is discussed. The article highlights that much detailed research has been carried out on badlands, but long-term rates of gully development are not well understood. There are also gaps in our understanding of pipe network formation and collapse. In the short term theoretical modelling may provide the way forward and a direction for more holistic investigations.

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Cevikbas, Mustafa, Gabriele Kaiser, and Stanislaw Schukajlow. "A systematic literature review of the current discussion on mathematical modelling competencies: state-of-the-art developments in conceptualizing, measuring, and fostering." Educational Studies in Mathematics 109, no. 2 (October 15, 2021): 205–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10649-021-10104-6.

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AbstractMathematical modelling competencies have become a prominent construct in research on the teaching and learning of mathematical modelling and its applications in recent decades; however, current research is diverse, proposing different theoretical frameworks and a variety of research designs for the measurement and fostering of modelling competencies. The study described in this paper was a systematic literature review of the literature on modelling competencies published over the past two decades. Based on a full-text analysis of 75 peer-reviewed studies indexed in renowned databases and published in English, the study revealed the dominance of an analytical, bottom-up approach for conceptualizing modelling competencies and distinguishing a variety of sub-competencies. Furthermore, the analysis showed the great richness of methods for measuring modelling competencies, although a focus on (non-standardized) tests prevailed. Concerning design and offering for fostering modelling competencies, the majority of the papers reported training strategies for modelling courses. Overall, the current literature review pointed out the necessity for further theoretical work on conceptualizing mathematical modelling competencies while highlighting the richness of developed empirical approaches and their implementation at various educational levels.

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Laber, Konrad Błażej, and Beata Leszczyńska-Madej. "Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of the Hot Torsion Process of the Hardly Deformable 5XXX Series Aluminium Alloy." Materials 14, no. 13 (June 23, 2021): 3508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133508.

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This work presents the results of the numerical and physical modelling of the hot torsion of a hardly deformable 5XXX series aluminium alloy. Studies were conducted on constrained torsion with the use of the STD 812 torsion plastometer. The main purpose of the numerical tests was to determine the influence of the accuracy of the mathematical model describing the changes in the yield stress of the tested material on the distribution of strain parameters and on the stress intensity. According to the preliminary studies, in the case of numerical modelling of the torsion test, the accuracy of the applied mathematical model describing the changes in the rheological properties of the tested material and the correct definition of the initial and boundary conditions had a particularly significant impact on the correctness of the determination of the strain parameters and the intensity of stresses. As part of the experimental tests, physical modelling of the hot torsion test was conducted. The aim of this part of the work was to determine the influence of the applied strain parameters on the distribution and size of grain as well as the microhardness of the tested aluminium alloy. Metallographic analyses were performed using light microscopy and the electron backscatter diffraction method. Due to the large inhomogeneity of the deformation parameters and the stress intensity in the torsion test, such tests were necessary for the correct determination of the so-called representative area for metallographic analyses. These types of studies are particularly important in the case of the so-called complex deformation patterns. The paper also briefly presents the results of preliminary research and future directions in which it is planned to use complex deformation patterns for physical modelling of selected processes combining various materials.

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Bröer, Britta M., Marion Gurrath, and Hans-Dieter Höltje. "Molecular modelling studies on the ORL1-receptor and ORL1-agonists." Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design 17, no. 11 (November 2003): 739–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jcam.0000017491.97244.69.

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Han, W. E. "Theoretical modelling of gas flow and filtering of particulates in cracks in containment barriers, and comparison with other theoretical and empirical studies." Fusion Engineering and Design 87, no. 7-8 (August 2012): 1376–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.03.016.

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Parvizi, A., O. Rezapour, and M. A. Safari. "Theoretical modeling, simulation and experimental studies of Al/Cu clad sheet forging." International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM) 11, no. 3 (February 20, 2016): 525–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12008-016-0305-8.

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Phelan, P., J. Brandon, and M. Hillery. "Central burst defect analysis of the wire-drawing process using an accumulated damage parameter." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 215, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 1313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406011524694.

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The paper reviews the theoretical and empirical basis for predicting central burst defects in wire drawing under varying die semi-angle conditions. These are used to develop a numerical modelling approach, which results in an accumulated damage criterion to predict material instability. The predictions from the resulting theoretical model are consistent with previous experimental and theoretical studies in the literature.

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Xu, Qing, and Amitrajeet A. Batabyal. "A theoretical analysis of season length restrictions in fisheries management." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 7, no. 4 (2002): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1026022602000274.

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This paper studies season length restrictions in fisheries management from an ecological-economic perspective. We first construct a model of a stylized fishery in which season length restrictions are used to manage the fishery. We then show how the dynamic and the stochastic properties of this fishery can be used to construct two managerial criteria that are meaningful from an ecological standpoint. Finally, using these two criteria, we discuss a probabilistic approach to fisheries management in which the principal focus of a manager is on moving the fishery away from the least desirable state of existence.

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Esser, Ruth. "Recent Development in Solar Wind Modelling." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 154 (1996): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100029961.

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AbstractAn improved knowledge of the physical conditions in the low corona and solar wind can only be obtained through careful comparisons between theoretical descriptions of the solar wind expansion and plasma parameters derived from observations. In this review we will present a summary of recent approaches in solar wind modeling. The plasma parameters characterizing the solar wind models will be compared to constraints inferred from in-situ and remote observations. We will then discuss the implications of the results obtained from this study for future model studies and observations. Emphasis will be placed on high-speed solar wind streams originating from large coronal holes.

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Hart, W. S., P. K. Maini, C. A. Yates, and R. N. Thompson. "A theoretical framework for transitioning from patient-level to population-scale epidemiological dynamics: influenza A as a case study." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, no. 166 (May 2020): 20200230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0230.

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Multi-scale epidemic forecasting models have been used to inform population-scale predictions with within-host models and/or infection data collected in longitudinal cohort studies. However, most multi-scale models are complex and require significant modelling expertise to run. We formulate an alternative multi-scale modelling framework using a compartmental model with multiple infected stages. In the large-compartment limit, our easy-to-use framework generates identical results compared to previous more complicated approaches. We apply our framework to the case study of influenza A in humans. By using a viral dynamics model to generate synthetic patient-level data, we explore the effects of limited and inaccurate patient data on the accuracy of population-scale forecasts. If infection data are collected daily, we find that a cohort of at least 40 patients is required for a mean population-scale forecasting error below 10%. Forecasting errors may be reduced by including more patients in future cohort studies or by increasing the frequency of observations for each patient. Our work, therefore, provides not only an accessible epidemiological modelling framework but also an insight into the data required for accurate forecasting using multi-scale models.

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