Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modélisation par portique équivalent'
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Zarzour, Noura. "Modélisation, identification structurelle et estimation du facteur de comportement pour les bâtiments en maçonnerie géo-sourcée dans les zones sismiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5056.
Full textThe use of new low-carbon construction materials in seismic areas requires the assessment of the structure ductility in order to properly design the building. The lack of accurate structural performance estimation limits the use of green construction materials.A reliable methodology is established for the seismic design of buildings constructed using geo-sourced materials. In particular, a pilot project of compressed earth block (CEB) masonry building in a medium-high seismic hazard zone in Southern France is developed. Starting from the experimental characterization of material mechanical parameters, the seismic design approach focuses on the modal characteristics of the structure, the expected building ductility, and seismic performance assessment in terms of both displacement and force.The equivalent frame model adopted for structural design of load-bearing masonry is validated for two case studies: a rubble stone masonry building and a CEB masonry building. The model validation process consists of the comparison of natural frequencies and mode shapes obtained by both numerical and operational modal analysis. In this context, a measurement campaign provides the structural response to ambient vibrations and then, the modal parameters and structural damping are obtained by structural identification tools. The modal analysis highlights the impact of timber slab stiffness on the dynamic response of masonry buildings. It is shown that a stiffer timber slab with a reinforced topping improves the structural behavior of the masonry structure under seismic loading, yielding to global mode shapes.The stability verification of the building structure at the near collapse limit state is performed in terms of target to capacity displacement ratio, but it is suggested to verify also in terms of force, since it can be more restrictive in some instances and less dependent on the convergence of numerical procedures.The behavior factor in seismic codes for building design is defined for typical construction materials based on damage observation and numerical models. A specific assessment is needed when new construction materials are adopted because building codes provide only boundary values. This thesis proposes a procedure for estimating the behavior factor that is applied to geo-sourced masonry buildings, but it could be adopted for any construction material. The methodology proposed to estimate the force reduction factor, and then the behavior factor, integrates both the seismic demand and building capacity. For this reason, this methodology can be considered as a capacity-demand-based approach. A nonlinear quasi-static analysis is coupled with dynamic analyses and the behavior factor is obtained on a statistical basis. The results are compared with the estimations obtained using demand-based, capacity-based and N2-based approaches. The impact of adopting a three-dimensional building model or an equivalent single-degree-of-freedom system with these methodologies is analyzed.The proposed capacity-demand-based-method provides, with a reduced computation time, a reliable estimation of the force reduction factor, close to the values obtained using the capacity-based-approach applied to a three-dimensional building model that is considered as a reference. Consequently, considering their reliability and efficiency, the proposed methodology for the behavior factor estimation is suitable for professional practice
Ringuet, Julien. "Modélisation du rôle de l'innervation dans un équivalent cutané psoriasique reconstruit par génie tissulaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67938.
Full textRoussel, Jean-Marc. "Analyse de Grafcets par Génération Logique de l'Automate Équivalent." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00340842.
Full textJehel, Pierre. "Modélisation numérique des phénomènes d'amortissement par dissipation d'énergie matérielle dans les structures de type portique en béton armé sous séisme." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00477015.
Full textBerot, Maxime. "Modélisation simplifiée d'assemblages par éléments équivalents." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00443533.
Full textTabaga, Saleh. "Modélisation du comportement fréquentiel du transformateur : détermination des paramètres du schéma équivalent par la méthode des éléments finis en géométries 2D et 3D." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0081.
Full textJamois, Alexis. "Modélisation et réalisation d'absorbants acoustiques par impression 3D : étude en incidence normale et application au traitement d'un conduit." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ECDL0010.
Full textConventional rigid porous materials such as wools or foams do not provide effective absorption at low frequencies in complex industrial environments. For these applications, the structures developed are generally quarter-wave resonators or Helmholtz resonators. In recent years, 3D printing techniques have made it possible to produce resonator geometries that were previously difficult to produce. The ease of use and affordability of these techniques means that it is now possible to create tailor-made absorbing devices to meet specific requirements very quickly. This long-term objective requires, on the one hand, validation of the reliability of the dimensions obtained during the production of absorbent structures and, on the other hand, the ability to effectively model a variety of geometries in different contexts. In this thesis, stereolithography was chosen to print the samples based on literature results. Studies have concluded that it is more accurate for acoustic devices than other techniques. The geometry chosen for this study consists in a stack of volumes (spherical or cubic), connected in the three directions of space by channels in the image of cubic crystals. A large number of samples were manufactured varying the production parameters in order to measure the variability of the characteristic dimensions of the samples. Among the various modelling approaches presented, the numerical tests carried out led to the choice of equivalent fluid modelling based on the identification of JCAPL parameters. They are identified in a representative volume homogenised throughout the sample. This homogenisation of behaviour is suited to the geometries studied because of their periodic nature. The reaction of the geometries we are considering makes impedance modelling impossible. The samples are first studied at normal incidence, in order to link the variability of realisation to the measured acoustic behaviour. The measurement results and the predictions are in good agreement. Some samples were made specifically for duct wall measurement, in order to validate the use of the equivalent fluid approach. These tests were also used to confirm the conclusions drawn for normal incidence. The variability of the geometry has a real impact on the acoustic behaviour, but the main problem with rigid 3D printed samples is their adaptation to the measurement benches
Rousseau, Philippe. "Influence de la conductivité sur la microbalance à quartz en milieu liquide : mise au point d'un capteur de dépôt induit par effet thermique." Paris 6, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01496980.
Full textOuedraogo, Boureima. "Modélisation du rayonnement acoustique dans les guides traités par des matériaux absorbants à réaction localisée ou non localisée en présence d'écoulement par la méthode des éléments finis." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00674031.
Full textBourjilat, Ayoub. "Étude et conception d’une plateforme microfluidique pour la détection de séquence ADN par spectroscopie d’impédance." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0343/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is the conception of a biosensor able to detect the presence of DNA sequences without any use of chemical markers or a prior treatment of the samples. The measurements are performed using impedance spectroscopy technique to detect the changes caused by the presence of DNA sequences on the biosensor. Our study is based on analytic and numeric simulations, which allows us to define the dimensions of the sensors adapted to low frequency measurements and to propose an equivalent circuit model taking into account the effects of the electrical double layer. The sensor was manufactured in several steps. Initially, clean room design and manufacturing were optimized for interdigitated structures with different geometries and substrate types (Glass, Si, SiO2). The data analysis of the measurement on standard conductivity and on several DNA concentrations using interdigitated electrode biosensor, allows us to propose a new design with concentric electrodes which is more adapted to low frequency impedance measurement according to a comparative study between interdigitated and concentric electrodes
Bacou, Alexandre. "Caractérisation et modélisation optoélectronique de VCSELs à grande longueur d'onde pour sous-ensembles optiques intégrés." Toulouse, ISAE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ESAE0001.
Full textParagua, Macuri Carlos Alberto. "Conception de capteurs de gaz radiofréquences à base de nanotubes de carbone et imprimés par jet d’encre." Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0028/document.
Full textThe gas sensor domain has continued to evolve over the past few decades by moving primarily from a technology based on metal oxides to new nanostructured materials. Indeed, for modern applications in today's world robust sensors with low power consumption, low cost, conformable, sensitive and selective is desirable. In this context, mark-sensitive materials based on carbon nanostructures, as well as new manufacturing technologies (allowing miniaturization and conformability devices) is required. One solution which is currently under consideration is the use of innovative materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) which exhibit very good electrical and mechanical properties. Their dimensions give us a considerable surface area and hence the possibility of high sensitivity. Their ability to be functionalized with different groups makes them very selective to react with a particular target gas. Amongst the emerging technologies, inkjet printing deposition of a very thin film is currently in use as it remains versatile because of its ease of use. The resolution and printing possibilities on different types of substrate have remains very important assets. A very important aspect that has been considered very less is the modeling of thin film sensing elements. Regarding printed layers solutions containing carbon nanotubes, very few works have been currently listed, and the existing models are quite complex. In this work, modeling of thin layers in the form of patterns printed by inkjet has been studied and experimental verifications and their analyses have been carried out successfully. Specific emphasis has been laid on the layers of solutions containing carbon nanotubes deposited in RF structures for application in the detection of gases
Preault, Valentin. "Méthodes d'homogénéisation pour la modélisation électromagnétique de matériaux composites. Application au blindage de boîtiers d'équipement électronique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924648.
Full textParizot, Gérald. "Étude d'un procédé de fabrication de pièces en composite verre-époxyde réticulées par haute fréquence." Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10035.
Full textBourjilat, Ayoub. "Étude et conception d’une plateforme microfluidique pour la détection de séquence ADN par spectroscopie d’impédance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0343.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is the conception of a biosensor able to detect the presence of DNA sequences without any use of chemical markers or a prior treatment of the samples. The measurements are performed using impedance spectroscopy technique to detect the changes caused by the presence of DNA sequences on the biosensor. Our study is based on analytic and numeric simulations, which allows us to define the dimensions of the sensors adapted to low frequency measurements and to propose an equivalent circuit model taking into account the effects of the electrical double layer. The sensor was manufactured in several steps. Initially, clean room design and manufacturing were optimized for interdigitated structures with different geometries and substrate types (Glass, Si, SiO2). The data analysis of the measurement on standard conductivity and on several DNA concentrations using interdigitated electrode biosensor, allows us to propose a new design with concentric electrodes which is more adapted to low frequency impedance measurement according to a comparative study between interdigitated and concentric electrodes
Préault, Valentin. "Méthodes d'homogénéisation pour la modélisation électromagnétique de matériaux composites. Application au blindage de boîtiers d’équipement électronique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112302/document.
Full textThe number of electronic devices and wireless communication systems has significantly increased over the past 20 years. Shielding enclosures used to protect electronic devices against radiated waves and to limit their emissions are usually designed in aluminum alloys. But the need to reduce the weight of aircraft incites the aerospace industry to the use of composite materials.Modeling shielding enclosures composed of homogeneous materials is possible by the use of numerical tools such as the finite element method. But considering every details of the microstructure would involve a excessive number of unknowns preventing numerical modelings. The use of semi-analytical homogenization methods is a possibility to overcome this restriction. The equivalent homogeneous mediums obtained with these methods can be inserted into numerical tools to simulate the electromagnetic behavior of complex shielding enclosures. But classical homogenization models such as Maxwell-Garnett model, are limited to quasi-static applications.Calculating the effective properties of composite materials illuminated by electromagnetic waves is the main objective of this work. This leads to two dynamic homogenization methods. The first one introduces a size effect between the fibers and the wavelength. It allows to extend a method based on inclusion problems to microwave frequencies. However it is limited by the occurrence of the skin effect in conductive inclusions. The second consider Joule losses and extends the first method after the occurrence of the skin effect. This second homogenization method is finally used to model the behavior of a realistic shielding enclosure
Defrance, Nicolas. "Caractérisation et modélisation de dispositifs de la filière nitrure pour la conception de circuits intégrés de puissance hyperfréquences." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Defrance.pdf.
Full textMargueron, Xavier. "Elaboration sans prototypage du circuit équivalent de transformateurs de type planar." Phd thesis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00151063.
Full textAu long de ce mémoire, on apprend à représenter ces composants par un circuit équivalent et à identifier ce circuit équivalent par des mesures d'impédances. Compte tenu du grand nombre de paramètres ajustables, l'optimisation d'un tel transformateur serait compromise s'il fallait compter sur des simulations à éléments finis pour déduire les éléments du circuit équivalent. C'est pourquoi nous essayons de déduire, par des moyens analytiques, les éléments de ce circuit en partant des caractéristiques physiques et géométriques du composant. Le but est atteint pour tous les éléments du transformateur de fuites obtenus à l'aide d'un calcul original exploitant les formules de la méthode PEEC.
Nous étudions ensuite les problèmes posés par la mise en parallèle de spires, inévitable lorsqu'on veut faire circuler des centaines d'Ampères. Une approche analytique simple s'avère alors très efficace et, grâce à elle, la meilleure disposition des spires peut être recherchée à l'aide d'un logiciel de simulation de circuits de type PSpice.
Enfin, diverses solutions sont envisagées et testées par simulation fem pour réduire les pertes par courants induits dans les transformateurs et dans les conducteurs méplats. Le développement multipolaire du champ magnétique est largement mis à contribution pour mener ces études.
Gottardi, Frédéric. "Estimation statistique et réanalyse des précipitations en montagneUtilisation d'ébauches par types de temps et assimilation de données d'enneigementApplication aux grands massifs montagneux français." Phd thesis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00419170.
Full textPour développer cette méthodologie, une très vaste base de données a été constituée, regroupant des données françaises (EDF et Météo France) mais également suisses, italiennes et espagnoles. Cet outil repose sur un Modèle Numérique de Terrain de maille 1km. Une classification en types de temps est introduite, afin de prendre en compte les variations du gradient orographique de précipitation en fonction du type de circulation atmosphérique considérée. Au sein de chaque type de temps et pour chaque pixel l'effet orographique, considéré comme prépondérant dans l'explication des précipitations en montagne, est modélisé par une relation linéaire reliant les précipitations du type de temps considéré à l'altitude. Cette relation s'appuie sur les points de mesure situés à proximité du pixel, dont le mode de sélection et de pondération a été optimisé.
L'utilisation de la validation croisée entre les stations permet d'évaluer le niveau de restitution du modèle aux altitudes proches du réseau d'observation, quant à la qualité des lames d'eau en haute montagne, elle est par ailleurs évaluée à travers le bilan hydrologique intégré sur les bassins versants instrumentés d'une part, et à l'aide d'une confrontation avec les postes de mesure de l'équivalent en eau du manteau neigeux d'autre part.
Développé sur les Alpes Françaises, les Pyrénées et le Massif Central, ce modèle présente des résultats très encourageants au regard de ceux obtenus par d'autres méthodes, ce qui est sans doute le fait du caractère résolument régional du mode de reconstitution des précipitations.