Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modélisation de phénomènes physiques'
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Manteaux, Pierre-Luc. "Simulation et contrôle de phénomènes physiques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAM062/document.
Full textIn computer graphics, the physical phenomena simulated for the creation of animations, video games or the design of objects are found to be more and more complex:First, in terms of the computational cost, the scale of the simulations is more and more important;Then, in terms of the complexity of the phenomena themselves, which require the models to be able to change their state and shape.This growing complexity introduces new challenges in order to offer control on these large scale simulations to the user.In many cases, this control is reduced to a trial-and-error process in order to determine the parameters of the simulation which best meet the objectives of the user.In this thesis, we propose three techniques to tackle these challenges.First, we introduce a new adaptive model which allows to reduce the computational cost in Lagrangian simulations of particles.In contrast with re-sampling strategies, the number of degrees of freedom remains constant throughout the simulation.Therefore, the method is simpler to integrate into an existing simulator and the memory consumption remains constant, which can be an advantage in an interactive context.Then, we propose an algorithm which allows the detailed cutting of thin deformable objects.Our method relies on a dynamic update of the shape functions associated to the degrees of freedom, which therefore allows to keep a very low number of degrees of freedom while performing detailed topological changes.Finally, we focus on the control of the fluid animations and take inspiration from interactive methods of shape editing in the field of 3D modeling.We introduce a system where the user directly edits the result of the simulation, i.e. a sequence of meshes representing the surface of the fluid.We propose selection and editing spatio-temporal tools inspired from static shapes sculpting software
De, Loubens Clément. "Compréhension et modélisation des phénomènes physiques régissant la libération des stimuli orosensoriels." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00560501.
Full textLoubens, Clément de. "Compréhension et modélisation des phénomènes physiques régissant la libération des stimuli orosensoriels." AgroParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/56/05/01/PDF/these_loubens_vf.pdf.
Full textUnderstanding and modeling phenomena governing stimuli release during food consumption make it possible to respect both nutritional and sensorial criteria during its formulation. A model of salt release during the course of mastication was developed for “solid” products. The breakdown was comprehended by the generation of the area of contact between the product and the saliva that governs the transfers of stimuli. The area of contact was written as the product of two functions. The first was related to the subject and was function of his masticatory performance. The second was related to the product and depended on its breakdown behavior that can be determined by in vitro tests. During the pharyngeal stage, the biomechanics of swallowing governs pharyngeal mucosa coating and aroma compounds present in this layer. These phenomena are due to a thin film flow, stationary in a soft elastohydrodynamic contact whose the kinematics is equivalent to a forward roll coating process lubricated by saliva. Two sets of conditions were distinguished. When the saliva film is thin, food bolus viscosity has a strong impact on mucosa coating and on flavour release. When the saliva film is thick, the food bolus coating the mucosa is very diluted by saliva during the swallowing process and the impact of product viscosity on flavour release is weak. This second set of condition allowed us to explain the physical origin of in vivo observations on flavour release
Mahjboub, Karim. "Usure des matrices de forgeage à chaud des aciers phénomènes physiques et modélisation." ENSMP, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENMP0853.
Full textChabassier, Juliette. "Modélisation et simulation numérique d'un piano par modèles physiques." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2012. https://theses.hal.science/docs/00/67/88/18/PDF/These.pdf.
Full textThe purpose of this study is the time domain modeling and numerical simulation of a piano. We aim at explaining the vibratory and acoustical behavior of the piano, by taking into account the main elements that contribute to sound production. The soundboard is modeled as a bidimensional thick, orthotropic, heterogeneous, frequency dependant damped plate, using Reissner Mindlin equations. The vibroacoustics equations allow the soundboard to radiate into the surrounding air, in which we wish to compute the complete acoustical field around the perfectly rigid rim. The soundboard is also coupled to the strings at the bridge, where they form a slight angle from horizontal. Each string is modeled by a one dimensional damped system of equations, taking into account not only the transversal waves excited by the hammer, but also the stiffness thanks to shear waves, as well as the longitudinal waves arising from geometric nonlinearities. The hammer is given an initial velocity that projects it towards a choir of strings, before being repelled. The interacting force is a nonlinear function of the hammer compression. The final piano model that will be discretized is a coupled system of partial differential equations, each of them exhibiting specific difficulties (nonlinear nature of the string system of equations, frequency dependant damping of the soundboard, great number of unknowns required for the acoustic propagation), in addition to couplings' inherent difficulties. On the one hand, numerical stability of the discrete scheme can be compromised by nonlinear and coupling terms. A very efficient way to guarantee this stability is to construct a numerical scheme which ensures the conservation (or dissipation) of a discrete equivalent of the continuous energy, across time steps. A major contribution of this work has been to develop energy preserving schemes for a class of nonlinear systems of equations, in which enters the string model. On the other hand, numerical efficiency and computation time reduction require that the unknowns of each problem's part, for which time discretization is specific, hence different, be updated separately. To achieve this artificial decoupling, adapted Schur complements are performed after Lagrange multipliers are introduced. The potential of this time domain piano modeling is emphasized by realistic numerical simulations. Beyond greatly replicating the measurements, the program allows us to investigate the influence of physical phenomena (string stiffness or nonlinearity), geometry or materials on the general vibratory behavior of the piano, sound included. Spectral enrichment, " phantom partials " and nonlinear precursors are clearly revealed when large playing amplitudes are involved, highlighting how this approach can help better understand how a piano works
Chabassier, Juliette. "Modélisation et simulation numérique d'un piano par modèles physiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00690351.
Full textLaborde, Jean-Luc. "Modélisation des phénomènes physiques induits par la propagation d'ultrasons de puissance au sein d'un fluide." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10639.
Full textBouveret, Frédéric. "Modélisation des phénomènes physiques spécifiques aux réacteurs à eau bouillante, notamment le couplage neutronique-thermohydraulique." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0135.
Full textSeznec, Benjamin. "Modélisation des phénomènes physiques intervenant au cours de l’émission électronique sous haute tension sous vide." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS525/document.
Full textElectron emission in vacuum from a cathode at high voltage is an important physical phenomenon for the study of vacuum breakdown or electron sources. In the vacuum breakdown, the first step of this mechanism is electron emission at the top of the microprotrusions on the surface. Microprotrusions or emitters in electron sources have the shape of a tip. A numerical model describing the thermo-field emission has been developed for a 2D axisymmetric tip. The problem is multi-physical and it is necessary to solve problems of different natures: quantum mechanics, electrostatic, electric current and thermal heating. With this model, it is possibleto study electron emission and vacuumbreakdown when nanosecond high voltage pulses are applied. Furthermore, the study of electron emission when a picosecond pulsed laser illuminates a high voltage cathode has been performed. A new model has been developped to describe the photo-electric effect and a two-temperature model has been implemented to describe the heating of the cathode in a non-equilibrium regime. Finally, the modeling of the interaction between microparticles and electron emission from microprotusions has been realised, in order to study the breakdown voltage. Different trajectories of microparticles have been identified based on the results, depending on the electron emission current
Guilbaud, Claire. "Modélisation et visualisation de phénomènes naturels simulés par système physique particulaire." Grenoble INPG, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPG0077.
Full textDura, Julien. "Etude et modélisation des phénomènes physiques émergents pour la simulation de dispositifs électroniques à base de nanofils de silicium." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00764112.
Full textLedrapier, Catherine. "Le rôle de l'action dans l'éducation scientifique à l'école maternelle : cas de l'approche des phénomènes physiques." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00360234.
Full textTkachenko, Iuliia. "Contribution à la compréhension et à la modélisation des phénomènes physiques se produisant lors d'un assemblage par procédé hybride laser-arc." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOS012.
Full textAn investigation on hybrid welding physics is presented in the current work. A literature review describes main physical processes occurring during Laser-arc combination and shows main achievements and problematics met during process analysis. Physical processes were studied during joining of very thick materials. Two configurations were used. The first configuration is welding of Superduplex steel in one pass by Laser and arc that are far apart. The second configuration is multipass welding of 18MND5 steel, where defocused Laser beam intercepts arc plasma. With a help of experiment’s design, fast video imaging, electric signals recording, determination of temperature and workpiece distortion, were explained the role of each thermal source and influence of their combination on arc behaviour, molten pool creation, metallic drop transfer evaluation and heat distribution into welded plates. The relationships between electric signals and arc geometry, bath dimensions and heat distribution have been analyzed at various time scales. Thermal analysis, presented in this work, shows that hypothesis of stationarity, which is commonly used in numerical modelling, is true only during a short welding period and for a given weld length. Macrographic analysis shows effect of input parameters variation on weld’s structure and geometry
Merlen, Alain. "Similitude physique et modélisation par explosion équivalente des phénomènes aérodynamiques de balistique intermédiaire." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL10046.
Full textGatard, Emmanuel. "Analyse des phénomènes physiques dans les diodes p-i-n : contribution à la modélisation électrothermique pour les applications de puissance RF et hyperfréquences." Limoges, 2006. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/0b9b8206-a9ad-4e98-8108-afdd5506fda2/blobholder:0/2006LIMO0065.pdf.
Full textP-I-N diodes are widely used in active, passive microwave applications including phase shifters, switches, attenuators and limiters. An accurate prediction of electrical behavior, reliability and thermal management of semiconductor power devices goes through the coupling of thermal models with electrical models. Conventional p-i-n diode models at microwave frequencies are simply current controlled resistance without nonlinear effect and temperature dependence. In this context, the diode electrical behavior was largely studied thanks to physics-based simulations. Thus, a nonlinear electrical model was developed in forward as in reverse bias operation and implemented in a commercial circuit simulator. A nonlinear thermal reduced model of the diode was also developed from a 3D finite element description and implemented in a circuit simulator. Finally, a nonlinear electrothermal p-i-n diode model was proposed and successfully validated with small and large signal measurements. The developed model was used to enable the simulation of high power S band limiters
Taleb, Mandana. "Phénomènes aux interfaces des isolants : mesure et simulation." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1550/.
Full textDue to their thermal, electrical or mechanical properties, solid organic dielectrics are more and more used in electronic, electrical and microelectronic domains. However, these dielectrics are mainly used in systems where they are in contact with other components: with semi-conducting screens in High Voltage cables, with substrates and other dielectrics in multi-layer systems, with micro or nano-particles of organic or inorganic materials. Interfaces exist in such systems and contribute to the space charge accumulation in solid dielectrics. This charge build-up can lead to dielectric breakdown, meaning the failure of the system. The major problem remains the physical description of these interfaces, as it is known that injection of charges from the interfaces is determinant in the charge generation and transport. Indeed, theoretical approaches like the Schottky injection law do not provide an adequate description of experimental currents in wide band gap insulations. Recently, surface states at the metal/organic interface were suggested as the source of additional energetic disorder, localized near the interface. Localized states at the interface are known to have a large impact on charge injection and extraction so a better understanding of the interface mechanisms is then necessary in order to develop an alternative model for charge injection. The aim of this work is to better understand the impact of the nature of the metal and of the surface topology on the charge generation at a metal/ dielectric interface. This work is based on a dual approach modeling and experience. The insulation used is here is the low density polyethylene (LDPE). First, we characterized experimentally metal / insulator interfaces thanks to the available measures (measures of space charge, current conduction, luminescence, profilometry. . . ). In a second step, we developed a numerical model capable of taking into account the surface states. The approach is original, because the study focuses on charge injection and transport with an exponential distribution of energy states at the interface
Schaeffer, Nicolas. "Modélisation et simulation numérique des phénomènes de nucléation et de croissance en écoulement confiné." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MARN0129.
Full textStrohm, Christian. "Contribution à la modélisation des phénomènes physiques couplés, par la généralisation de la méthode des différences finies aux maillages déstructurés, et la conception d'un solveur numérique." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0021.
Full textGuillaument, Romain. "Modélisation globale de l'alimentation d'une emprise lubrifiée par émulsion : simulation numérique directe et analyse physique des phénomènes." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14166/document.
Full textThe scope of this dissertation is to model and simulate non-miscible multiphase °ows. Theimpact of several emulsion droplet on the wetting steel strip is simulated. So, the method ofsmooth VOF based on Eulerian "Volume Of Fluid" approach which is particulary adapted tointerfacial °ows is developed. The new method SVOF allows to calculate the curvature with abetter precison than other method. A wettability model and a triple line model are developedto calculate the capillary forces. This models and this methods validated on the experimentaldata and used to simulate the Plate-Out and the macroscopic °ows in neighbourhood of coldrolling system
Porras, Rey Gregorio Orlando. "Modélisation des phénomènes de transport en milieu diphasique déformable (solide-liquide binaire) : simulation 2D du séchage convectif." Pau, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PAUU3017.
Full textOne of the themes of the " Laboratoire Thermique Energétique et Procédés de Pau " is the study and the optimisation of separation processes as drying, dehydration Impregnation soaking or filtration for example. In this context, this work deals with modelling of energy, mass and momentum transport phenomena in a deformable solid/binary liquid medium. The thesis deals with diffusion and rheological behaviour and focuses on the description of the liquid phase convective transport without introducing an usual non physical equivalent transport coefficient. Conservation equations are first written for each phase. The macroscopic partial differential equations are derived by integrating over a representative volume these microscopic conservation laws. By introducing at phase scale the rheological behavior of a classic fluid for the liquid phase and by integrating the obtained equation, Darcy's law is established. This law links the average liquid velocity to the natural driving force : the pressure gradient. The difficulty is then to express the average pressure of the liquid phase which cannot be deduced from the capillary pressure like in three-phase media. In the literature, authors get round this difficulty by introducing arbitrarily a phenomenological law which supposes that the pressure depends on the liquid volume fraction. This law constitutes an important limitation to the analysis of transport mechanisms. From a physical point of view, the driving force is undoubtedly without any foundations. From a practical point of view, an equivalent transport coefficient must be identified numerically by matching experimental and predicted data in such a way that model and process become dependant. The main novelty of the model proposed is that such a law is not introduced by keeping solid mass conservation and solid volume conservation together. Modelling is then applied to the convective drying of an elastic medium. Two dimensional simulations show notably that pressure gradient and moisture gradient are not linked contrary to the literature hypothesis
Guyader, Gaël. "Modélisations temporelles simplifiées des phénomènes physiques à l'origine du bruit moteur : dédiées au portage temps réel et aux applications de design sonore." Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ISAL0018.
Full textNoise levels are well controlled in the car industry but a new step is pointing out: the sound design one aiming to make noise pleasant even bringing either sense or sensations, and no longer aiming to reduce noise. Sound design action must begin with source characterization for the intern combustion engine. The proposed sound synthesis procedure supplies an analysis tool to study engine noise quality in function of technical characteristics. Generated noises are described by two approaches, one of them being a global one and the other one being a physical one. After reminding engine functioning basis, two noise groups are defined from the combustion cycle. The first one concerns noise generated by Vibrations and the second one deals with aéroacoustic sources. Two methods dealing with an acoustic radiation assessment are presented and then faced to measurements. Finally a perceptive test has checked the realism of the model, comparing it with measurements
Mangeot, Alexandre. "Etude expérimentale et développement numérique d'une modélisation des phénomènes physicochimiques dans un propulseur hybride spatial." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00835074.
Full textVaugeois, Antoine. "Modélisation de l'influence de la structure des joints de grains sur les phénomènes de ségrégation." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR096/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the modeling of grain boundaries (GB) structure and segregation phenomena. Segregation at GB in polycrystalline materials can have profound consequences on structural and functional properties : intergranular slipping, intergranular corrosion and mechanical properties. Segregation becomes really important in irradiated materials where radiation-induced segregation can change th local composition of GB and sometimes impact the macroscopic properties of materials. In this work, the quasi-particles approach is developed to model these phenomena in binary systems. The quasi-particles approach is a continuous model able to model physical phenomena at atomic scale. One of the insight of this model is the capability to simulate atomic displacement in continuum space and diffusive transitions at mesoscale. In this work, the quasi-particles approach is used to study phosphorus segregation at GB. The link between GB structure and phosphorus concentration is highlighted. Next, vacancies or self-interstitial are introduced into the quasi-particles approach to model some specific phenomena which occur in irradiated materials. In particular, the diffusion and annihilation of vacancies (or self-interstitials) at GB could be modeled. When sink strength of GB is large enough, vacancies diffuse to GB and create voids with elongated shape, consistantly with experimental observation. Finally, the quasi-particles approach is used to study grain growth in polycrystalline materials
Piquet, Arthur. "Analyse physique et simulation numérique des phénomènes de décollement de jet dans les tuyères supersoniques." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMIR09/document.
Full textThe present thesis, sponsored by a Franco-British cooperation program between the DGA and the DSTL, is devoted to the study of separation phenomenon in over-expanded nozzle. The aerothermodynamic of propulsion systems (missile, supersonic aircraft or launcher) is one the fields of fluid mechanics where important progress remains to be made in order to improve the performance of the engine, in terms of thrust, stability, reliability and pollutant (noise reduction, pollutant emissions, etc.). Since the flight conditions and the complexity of the characteristic phenomena are not reproducible on experimental benches, the use of numerical simulation would allow a thorough and precise study of the phenomena involved. The instationnarity observed in the separation of the boundary layer is becoming a main concern nowadays, especially the low-frequency phenomenon observed in some experiments, the use of large scale simulations (LES) would fit perfectly the computational power allocated on supercomputer compared to the prohibitive cost of direct simulations (DNS). Over-expanded nozzles are known to suffer from side loads, characterized by undesired unsteady forces orthogonal to the flow direction. They are caused by boundary-layer separation that causes significant and asymmetrical shock excursions within the nozzle. These phenomena have been studied experimentally and numerically. They emerge from a combination of complex unsteady flow phenomena, not yet fully understood, such as shock/boundary-layer interactions at the nozzle walls, detached mixing layers, and large regions of recirculating flow, all producing energetic motions at frequencies one or two orders of magnitudes lower than the characteristic frequency of the incoming turbulence. Capturing the phenomenon is a real challenge due to the need to resolve at least four decades of time scales, from the energetic scales of the incoming turbulence. This makes both direct (DNS) and wall-resolved large-eddy simulations (WR-LES) rather impractical. Instead, a wall-modelled LES (WM-LES) strategy is employed here, following the approach of Kawai & Larsson (2013) together with the eddy-viscosity modification of Duprat et al. (2011) so as to account for pressure gradients. The WM-LES is found to accurately reproduce the flow topology, as well as the spectral content obtained by a reference WR-LES. The development of a curvilinear code has allowed us to decrease the cost of computation of the simulations by using a stretched mesh close to the wall. The results obtained from the wall-modeled simulations (WM-LES) allowed us to capture and study the phenomena of instationnarity leading to the problem of side-loads. The WM-LES being about 40 times cheaper, the low-frequency motions may be statistically converged, enabling the study of the very low frequencies. The comparison of the modeled simulations with the resolved simulations and the experimental data confirms the good implementation of the model for LES computations of over-expanded nozzle flow. The characterization of the different phenomena is done through spectral analyses, carried out on the LES database allowing the highlight of the low-frequency phenomenon encountered in the over-expanded nozzle flow
Courbon, Cédric. "Vers une modélisation physique de la coupe des aciers spéciaux : intégration du comportement métallurgique et des phénomènes tribologiques et thermiques aux interfaces." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713527.
Full textSikorav, Jacques. "Sur l'identification et la modélisation de phénomènes non-stationnaires en acoustique : Equation des ondes dans les ouverts non-cylindriques." Paris 9, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA090029.
Full textDe, Vita Cédric. "Etude et optimisation de calorimètres en milieu inactif dédiés à la mesure de l"échauffement nucléaire dans le RJH : des phénomèmes physiques à l'étalonnage." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4326.
Full textThe instrumentation and on-line measurement for Material Testing Reactors are booming in France in particular with the construction of the Jules Horowitz Reactor (RJH), which possess increased experimental capacity (extreme conditions). Design / development / optimization of experimental resources are required for a detailed characterization of experimental conditions in the MTR. It is in this context that fit my thesis work. Specifically since 2009, the CEA and the University of Aix-Marseille (IM2NP Laboratory UMR7334, eq. Microcapteurs-Instrumentation) lead research programs in the LIMMEX joint laboratory to provide new sensors and devices dedicated to determining spatial and temporal neutron / photon fluxes and nuclear heating in the inert materials by nuclear radiation / matter interactions in the channels of RJH. The work of my thesis focused on calorimetry method for the quantification of nuclear heating. The objective was to study and optimize the method and sensors excluding nuclear flow and improve the steps leading to the quantification of nuclear heating. These experimental and numerical works involved three main components. The first focused on studies of the response and behavior of conventional differential calorimeters. The second part was devoted to studies on the calibration method calorimeters prototypes. The third component was the interpretation of nuclear heating measures and simulation of new sensors that can measure a nuclear heating of 20W.g-1 in the JHR
Bertossi, Rémi. "Modélisation des transferts de chaleur et de masse dans les caloducs : contribution à l'analyse des phénomènes d'interfaces intervenant dans les écoulements diphasiques." Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aéronautique, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ESMA0029.
Full textHeat pipes are highly efficient devices thanks to the use of latent enthalpy of a fluid at saturation state characterizing the liquid/vapour phase change. They can transfer heat flux maintaining little temperatures gradients. Thanks to their reliability, their autonomy and their little size, they are more and more used in many applications. The better understanding of physical phenomena interfering in these systems requires an accurate numerical modelling of heat and mass transfers. This thesis particularly focuses on the transfers modelling in two main different technologies: grooved heat pipes and rotating heat pipes. In a first chapter, a general description of heat pipes is exposed. The second chapter focuses on the description of the physical phenomena occurring in such devices. In grooved heat pipes, important part of the heat flux injected goes through a little region called micro-region. It is localized at the top of the grooves in the evaporator. A model of this region is presented where original results are exposed; correlations are notably proposed to characterize precisely this zone in a macroscopic model of evaporator. The model used here is then adapted to the description of heat and mass transfer through the liquid film along a rotating heat pipes. The results obtained permits to show the influence of the different operating conditions on the heat pipe performances. Finally, thanks to software developed by the CEA-Grenoble, Trio U, first characterisations of the behaviour of liquid/vapour interface are done for simple two phase flows. This study will permit, in the future, to complete the previous modellings: the final aim is to develop a complete thermo-hydraulic model of heat pipe
De, Vita Cédric. "Etude et optimisation de calorimètres en milieu inactif dédiés à la mesure de l"échauffement nucléaire dans le RJH : des phénomèmes physiques à l'étalonnage." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4326/document.
Full textThe instrumentation and on-line measurement for Material Testing Reactors are booming in France in particular with the construction of the Jules Horowitz Reactor (RJH), which possess increased experimental capacity (extreme conditions). Design / development / optimization of experimental resources are required for a detailed characterization of experimental conditions in the MTR. It is in this context that fit my thesis work. Specifically since 2009, the CEA and the University of Aix-Marseille (IM2NP Laboratory UMR7334, eq. Microcapteurs-Instrumentation) lead research programs in the LIMMEX joint laboratory to provide new sensors and devices dedicated to determining spatial and temporal neutron / photon fluxes and nuclear heating in the inert materials by nuclear radiation / matter interactions in the channels of RJH. The work of my thesis focused on calorimetry method for the quantification of nuclear heating. The objective was to study and optimize the method and sensors excluding nuclear flow and improve the steps leading to the quantification of nuclear heating. These experimental and numerical works involved three main components. The first focused on studies of the response and behavior of conventional differential calorimeters. The second part was devoted to studies on the calibration method calorimeters prototypes. The third component was the interpretation of nuclear heating measures and simulation of new sensors that can measure a nuclear heating of 20W.g-1 in the JHR
Tomashchuk, Iryna. "Assemblage hétérogène cuivre-inox et TA6V-inox par les faisceaux de haute énergie : compréhension et modélisation des phénomènes physico-chimiques." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651486.
Full textKane, Banda. "Contribution à la modélisation des phénomènes de percolation électrique dans les matériaux à structures complexes : application au soudage par induction des matériaux composites pour l'industrie aéronautique." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4072.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis focuses on the modelling of electrical percolation phenomena in materials with complex structures. It is a contribution to the work already carried out in this direction within IREENA laboratory. The target materials are carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic laminated composites used in the aeronautics industry. Indeed, for several years, the laboratory has been using an original approach of rapid and non-contact injection of electromagnetic power into these materials, opening the way to new processes that are technologically groundbreaking, whether for welding or for the assessment of material health. . However, the direct study of these materials is impossible by the very important scale factor between macroscopic (structure part scale) and microscopic (fiber scale) scales. It is therefore necessary to use multi-scale homogenization techniques that take into account the phenomena of electrical percolation in the plies and between the plies. The objective of this thesis work is to propose a modeling approach of these phenomena validated by an electrical characterization campaign and micrographic sections. The focusing of the heating power in an area of interest is also a possibility used in this thesis work
Chaussonnet, Geoffroy. "Modélisation des phénomènes de film liquide et d'atomisation pour la Simulation aux Grandes Échelles de brûleurs aéronautiques alimentés par atomiseurs "airblast"." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01006179.
Full textSeguin, Marie-Océane. "Étude numérique et expérimentale de la dynamique des phénomènes de convection naturelle au sein de condenseur." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESMA0005.
Full textThe condenser is one of the main components in the propulsion loop of ships designed by Naval Group. The physical phenomena associated with its internal and external flows are complex and multiple, particularly in transient conditions. It is therefore essential to estimate the temporal evolution of the variables of interest when the ship's speed changes or when there is a loss of cooling. It enables the sizing of the condenser's ancillary components (pumps, valves, etc) and the determination of the optimum scenarios to be implemented in the event of damage. While a great deal of work has been done on condenser operation in steady-state conditions, little has been done on transient conditions. The aim of this thesis is to develop a qualified calculation model based on test data to analyze transient phenomena. A calculation model based on 0D modelling of the external vapour flow and 1D modelling of the internal liquid flow has been developed. It is based on the use of empirical correlations that enable forced convection inside the tubes and condensation outside the bundle to be considered. The qualification of this model is based on a comparison with numerical and experimental results. A two-phase loop has been set up in the laboratory. This device is made up of various elements, the main one being a condenser consisting of a bundle of 5 tubes. By comparing the numerical and experimental results, it was first possible to select the correlations that would provide the best modelling of the phenomena. The calculation model developed was then validated in steady state (deviation of less than 20% for the pressure in the condenser) and transient (good estimate of the dynamics of pressure evolution) regimes. The impact of transient phenomena such as thermal inertia and vapour phase compression was also highlighted through numerical studies. Finally, the application of the calculation model to an industrial condenser showed good results as well
Altmeyer, Guillaume. "Modélisation théorique et numérique des critères d'instabilité plastique : application à la prédiction des phénomènes de striction et de localisation lors d'opérations d'emboutissage." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00695660.
Full textMessainguiral, Christiane. "Modélisation et interprétation des phénomènes physiques responsables des fluctuations des signaux délivrés par les détecteurs hors-coeur et en-coeur des réacteurs à eau préssurisée : potentialités d'une surveillance en service basée sur la mesure et l'analyse de ces fluctuations." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112430.
Full textThe study of the 900 MW PWR’s ex-core neutron sensors signals fluctuations and their interpretation were to be carried out in this work. The aim,at the end was to be able to decide what could be the possibilities and the limits of a surveillance based on the pressurized water reactors noise analysis. Hence, all the perturbation sources wether they are currently present or just may occur, were to be studied under their two aspects : qualitative and quantitative. The small amplitudes of the perturbations to be considered, allowed their effect on the neutron detector signals to be calculated with the first order approximation of the perturbation theory model. We developed the model and the computer software which, from direct and adjoint fluxes carried out the calculation of detectors signal sensitivity to the perturbations that were considered. Moreover, our work was supported by numerous on-site measurements, carried out many reactors. The following facts can be extracted from the work: -neutron noise analysis allows the vibrational behavior characterization of some primary circuit main components, at locations where no direct vibratory measurements can be generally considered, - some signatures typical of unsuitable behaviors, though not observed, have been defined and could be recognized if they were to come out, - besides the vibratory area, neutron noise may be used for characterization of the detector state itself, - in the thermohydraulical field, and for PWRs, the neutron noise possibilities have to be considered as rather low though not zero as some recent measurements abroad have shown
Gouné, Mohamed. "Etude et caractérisation de la diffusion de l'azote à 843 K dans les systèmes binaires Fe-N et ternaires Fe-N-V et Fe-N-Mn : modélisation des phénomènes de diffusion-précipitation." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL011N.
Full textVignoli, Stéphane. "Contribution à l'étude des phénomènes de métastabilité dans le silicium amorphe hydrogéné intrinsèque : modélisation phénoménologique et application à un nouveau matériau obtenu par décomposition de mélanges silane-hélium assistée par plasma." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10151.
Full textBouhram, Mehdi. "Étude des échappements d'ions ionosphériques du côté jour des zones aurorales." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066048.
Full textTemmar, Mourad. "Simulation multiphysique du phénomène de rattrapage du jeu pastille-gaine dans les aiguilles combustibles des réacteurs à neutrons rapides." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0611.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to improve the comprehension and modeling the phenomena responsible of the closure of the gap, separating initially the fuel from its surrounding cladding. A realistic simulation of the gap closure phenomenon leads to a better evaluation of the fuel temperature, which is of the first importance to meet the fuel non-fusion criterion requirement. Firstly, phenomena responsible of the fuel-to-cladding gap closure are identified. The size reduction of the fuel-to-cladding gap seems to be mainly related to two phenomena. The first one, is the effect of fuel fragmentation. The second one is related to the migration phenomenon of porosities. Thanks to 3D simulations, the impact of these two phenomena is represented. In a second step, a 1D formulation derived from 3D simulations is proposed. This formulation includes the two identified phenomena. The fuel-to-cladding gap closure is simulated by an inelastic strain called relocation strain while the porosities migration is modeled through an advection equation. This formulation is then implemented in the multiphysics computation scheme of the GERMINAL SFR 1D software. Thanks to these new developments, the fuel temperature obtained is in better agreement with the experimental results. In our 1D modeling, we have assumed that the migration velocities of the closed and open porosities are the same. However in the literature, only the closed porosity migration velocity has been evaluated. Our hypothesis therefore remains to be validated. A contribution to this validation is proposed with a 2D analysis of the evaporation condensation transfer mechanism near the free surfaces created by cracks
Mahmadi, Kamal. "Modélisation des phénomènes d'ondes explosives." Lille 1, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2006/50376-2006-Mahmadi.pdf.
Full textBlé, Velou Stéphane. "Modélisation parallèle des phénomènes nanothermiques." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2009. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1831/1/030128628.pdf.
Full textAyed, Ibrahim. "Neural Models for Learning Real World Dynamics and the Neural Dynamics of Learning." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS434.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis was initially motivated by the discrepancy between the impressive performances of modern neural networks and the lack of applications to scientific problems for which data abounds. Focusing on evolution problems which are classically modelled through ordinary or partial differential equations~(O/PDEs) naturally brought us to consider the more general problem of representing and learning such equations from raw data with neural networks. This was the inception of the first part of our work. The point of view considered in this first part has a natural counterpart: what about the dynamics induced by the trajectories of the NN's weights during training or by the trajectories of data points within them during inference? Can they be usefully modelled? This question was the core of the second part of our work and, while theoretical tools other than O/PDEs happened to be useful in our analysis, our reasoning and intuition were fundamentally driven by considerations stemming from a dynamical viewpoint
Bernard, Cindy. "Caractérisation des phénomènes physiques par analyse parcimonieuse des signaux transitoires." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT090/document.
Full textFor their uniqueness, transient are really difficult to characterize. They are met everywhere and are generally the result of very complex physical phenomena that contain a lot of information such as the transient at its origin, the effect of the propagation through the medium and the effects induced by the transducers. They can correspond to communication between mammals as well as being the reflection of a fault in electrical or hydraulic networks for instance. Hence their study is of great importance even though it is quite complicated. Numerous signal processing methods have been developed in the last decades: they often rely on statistical approaches, linear projections of the signal onto dictionaries and data-driven techniques. All those methods have pros and cons since they often provide good detections, nevertheless their characterization for classification and discrimination purposes remains complicated. In this spirit, this thesis proposes new approaches to study transients. After a brief overview of the existing methods, this work first focuses on the representation of signals having tight-varying time-frequency components. Generally, general complex-time distributions present a proper framework to study them but remain limited to narrow band signals. In a first part, we propose to overcome this limitation in the case of signals with a spread time-frequency variation. This method is based on the compression of the signal's spectrum to a bandwidth that ensures the efficiency of the technique. A second part then focuses on the extraction of nonlinear modulation phase signals in the context of nonstationary noise and other coherent signals. This is performed with warping operators and compressive sensing reconstruction techniques. The third chapter then focuses on data-driven methods based on the representation of the signal in phase space. The main contribution takes advantage of the lag diversity that enables to highlight time scale transformations as well as amplitude modifications between transients. Hence, we develop different techniques enabling to highlight those properties. Finally, works presented in the first chapters are developed in applicative contexts such as: ECG segmentation, electrical transient characterization, a passive acoustic configuration and the study of acoustic signals in an immerse environment. We then end up by some conclusions and perspectives for future works
Choblet, Samuel. "Étude des phénomènes physiques dans les matériaux amplificateurs dopés erbium." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10176.
Full textRossignol, Jérôme. "Théorie et simulation des phénomènes physiques du pied d'arc cathodique." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CLF21288.
Full textBernon, Jean-Luc. "Correction des phénomènes physiques en tomoscintigraphie cérébrale et recalage multimodal tridimensionnel." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20031.
Full textAndrieu-Renaud, Céline. "Fiabilité mécanique des structures soumises à des phénomènes physiques dépendant du temps." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF21395.
Full textFestes, Gilles. "Etude des phénomènes physiques limitant les transferts d'images en lithographie optique submicronique." Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0027.
Full textLepage, François. "Génération de maillages tridimensionnels pour la simulation des phénomènes physiques en géosciences." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL072N.
Full textThree-dimensional meshes are widely used in Geosciences for discretizing the geological objects of the problem domain, thus providing a support for the numerical simulation of various processes depending on physical properties, such as balanced unfolding, ray-tracing, or fluid flow modelling in porous and permeable rock bodies. However, to ensure accuracy, efficiency, and stability, mesh elements must meet several requirements, especially on their shape and size
Gordillo, Silvia. "Modélisation et manipulation de phénomènes continus spatio-temporels." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10118.
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