Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modèle standard (physique)'
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Hosteins, Pierre. "Masse des neutrinos et physique au-delà du modèle standard." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112219.
Full textArhrib, Abdeslam. "Modèle standard supersymétrique minimal. Quelques aspects phénoménologiques." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20075.
Full textWelzel, Julien. "Physique de la saveur au-delà du Modèle Standard et dimensions supplémentaires." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00175294.
Full textTout d'abord, nous avons abordé la question de la conservation du nombre baryonique et leptonique via la conservation de la symétrie de R-parité dans les modèles supersymétriques de basse énergie. Plus précisément, nous nous sommes placés dans le cas où cette symétrie entre particules et `super'-partenaires n'était pas conservée. En utilisant les données expérimentales disponibles pour la désintégration rare du kaon chargé en une paire de neutrino-antineutrino et un pion chargé, nous avons entre autres obtenu une limite supérieure sur la valeur permise de certains couplages caractérisant la violation de la R-parité. Nous avons montré l'intérêt de prendre aussi en compte les contributions conservant la R-parité, négligées jusqu'alors dans les autres études sur le sujet.
Dans une seconde partie, nous avons étudié l'impact de l'introduction d'une dimension spatiale supplémentaire, repliée sur elle-même. Les exemples choisis concernent l'électrodynamique quantique et l'invariance de jauge, l'unification des forces forte, faible et électromagnétique ainsi que l'origine de la valeur des masses et des angles de mélanges des neutrinos. Dans ce dernier cas, l'étude a été faite dans le cadre du MSSM à 5dimensions. Typiquement, l'introduction de dimensions supplémentaires réduit le pouvoir prédictif. Cependant, des comportements généraux peuvent toujours être établis. Ainsi, nous avons pu mettre en
évidence la possibilité d'un mélange leptonique faible (de type CKM) à haute énergie, pour une région significative et raisonnable de l'espace des paramètres, résultat offrant de nouvelles perspectives pour l'étude de l'origine de la saveur et des liens entre quarks et leptons.
Reyes, Gonzalez Humberto. "Au-delà de la nouvelle physique standard au LHC." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALY037.
Full textThe ATLAS and CMS collaborations has put forward an extensive program of searches for new physics, aiming to cover new physics theories as much as possible. The results of this searches are typically interpreted in the context of popular models or simplified model topologies. However, there exist a plethora of BSM theories and scenarios that are not directly covered by the experimental analyses. Thus, the importance of reinterpreting LHC searches inthe context of any BSM theory. Is within this spirit that this thesis unfolds, by considering two aspects: phenomenology of beyond vanilla new physics theories and the further development of dedicated tools.On the phenomenological aspect, we explore the collider phenomenology of a very interesting beyond vanilla theory: The Minimal Dirac Gaugino Model (MDGSSM). First, we derive current limits on the gluinos and squarks of the model. Secondly, we start by delimiting the parameter space of the MGSSM electroweakino sector where the lightest neutralino is a viable DM candidate, to then constrain the emerging scenarios on the light of SUSY and LLP searches. On the tool development aspect, we describe recent developments of the SModelS reinterpretation tool, which includes combination of signal regions, the implementation of heavy stable charge particle and R-hadron signatures and the implementation of an interactive plots maker. Furthermore, we discuss the development of a tool to determine if signal regions from different analyses arestatistically independent from each other and hence, can be trivially combined.Finally, this thesis also regards machine learning (ML) applications to HEP phenomenology. Among other examples, we present a neural network to accurately predict, with an estimated uncertainty, the production cross sections of the Inert doublet Model. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of providing uncertainties on ML predictions and provide recommendations for sharing all the material involved in the production of ML applications
Fiandrino, Annie. "Nouveaux bosons vectoriels au delà du modèle standard : effets de polarisation en production hadronique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX11024.
Full textOcariz, Jose. "Des Kaons aux mésons B : Contraindre le Modèle Standard par la physique des saveurs." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00386983.
Full textLe chapitre suivant évoque la violation de CP dans le secteur des kaons : sont traitées les contraintes sur la matrice CKM provenant des mesures de εK, ε′/ε, ainsi que l'´état des lieux et les perspectives sur la recherche des modes rares K+→π+νν et
KL→π0νν ; ce chapitre conclut par une étude prospective pour estimer le potentiel de
physique des kaons dans le cadre du modèle CKM.
Suivent deux chapitres décrivant des analyses de physique dans l'expérience BaBar : est d'abord présentée en détail l'analyse en amplitudes du mode B0 → K+π−π0 ; suit un état des lieux plus succint sur l'analyse en amplitudes dépendantes du temps du mode
B0 → K0π+π−, qui a déj`a fourni des résultats préliminaires à l'été 2007. La discussion est ensuite complétée par une description qualitative sur un projet d'étude combinée des contraintes sur la matrice CKM provenant des modes B → Kππ.
Espitalier-Noël, Grégory. "Phénoménologie des extensions supersymétriques non-minimales du Modèle Standard de la physique des particules." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20221/document.
Full textThe discovery of a particle similar to the Higgs boson predicted by the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics has been confirmed by the experiments CMS and ATLAS of the Large Hadron Collider at the CERN. However, it is not yet clear that the properties of this particle are those predicted by the SM. This, in addition with several other observations (Dark Matter,...), is a motivation for analysing supersymmetric extensions of the SM, as the NMSSM. We study in this thesis the solution of the Hierarchy problem in the NMSSM, linked with the quadratic divergences in the Higgs sector, and also the phenomenology of the NMSSM with gauge mediation supersymmetry breaking in the light of the latest data from the LHC. Finally, we present the developments made in the codes of the package NMSSMTools, featuring Monte Carlo Markov Chain methods, Fine Tuning calculus, the calculus of supersymmetric particle's cascade decays and the implementation of the general NMSSM
Le, Moue͏̈l Christophe. "Aspects de la brisure de la symétrie électro-faible dans le modèle standard supersymétrique minimal." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20061.
Full textDeterre, Cécile. "Etude dans les états finals dileptoniques de différentes propriétés des paires top-antitop avec les détecteurs D0 et ATLAS." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066178.
Full textThe studies of different properties of the top-antitop pair in the dilepton final state are presented in this thesis. Two analyses have been performed in different experiments : D0 at the Tevatron and ATLAS at the LHC. Since the two colliders are different, the measurements from these experiments are complementary for studies of the top quark properties. The first analysis, performed at D0, consisted in measuring the top-antitop production cross-section simultaneously with the branching ratio t -> Wb. This measurement was done in the dilepton channel with a sample of data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5. 4 fb⁻¹. It has then been combined with the measurement in the semileptonic channel. We obtain a precision of 8% on the cross-section which is comparable to the precision of theoretical predictions. The second analysis, performed in ATLAS, consisted in measuring the top charge asymmetry in the dilepton channel with the full 2011 dataset corresponding to 4. 7 fb⁻¹. The result has been combined with the result for 1 fb⁻¹ of the semileptonic channel. We obtain: A^C(ttbar) = 0. 029 +- 0. 018 (stat. ) +- 0. 014 (syst. ), which is compatible with the standard model prediction of 0. 004 +- 0. 001
Mambrini, Yann. "Désintégration des superparticules dans le Modèle Standard Supersymétrique Minimal." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112231.
Full textLi, Dikai. "Search for the standard model Higgs boson in ℓν + b¯b final states in 9. 7 fb−1 of p¯p collisions with the DØ detector." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066775.
Full textDans ce manuscrit, j'ai présenté la recherche du boson de Higgs dans le WH→ℓ νb¯b à l'expérience D0, et mes contributions à elle. C'est la voie la plus sensible pour les études boson de Higgs de faible masse, et il est combiné avec les chaînes ZH pour rechercher H→b¯b se désintègre, d'abord à D0, puis, en combinaison avec les chaînes équivalentes analysés par les collaborations CDF. Ce sont ensuite combinés avec les autres canaux d'analyse de Higgs boson du Tevatron. Depuis un bon accord entre les données et la simulation est obtenue, et aucun signal excès est observé dans les données, observées (attendues) des limites supérieures (pour MH=125 GeV) sont fixés au niveau de confiance de 95% sur le rapport de la section du patrimoine mondial de croix multiplié par le rapport de branchement de H→b¯b pour sa prédiction du modèle standard, qui représentent 4,8 (4,7) fois l'attente du Modèle Standard. Cette procédure est effectuée en utilisant une approche semi- fréquentiste pour prendre efficacement en compte les incertitudes systématiques, qui se trouvent à dégrader la sensibilité d'environ 20 % une fois pris en compte et après en minimisant leur impact en les contraignant à des données. Le résultat présenté dans cette thèse, basée sur une luminosité intégrée de 9. 7 fb-1 a été publié à l'origine dans la physique avis Lettre en Septembre 2012, et avec quelques petites modifications en physique critique D en Septembre 2013. Il est inclus dans le D0 et dans la combinaison Tévatron. Les résultats des H→b¯b recherches ont été validées par une mesure de la diboson (WZ+ZZ) de section transversale de la production
Laa, Ursula. "Interpréter les recherches de nouvelle physique au LHC à l’aide de modèles simplifiés." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY055/document.
Full textThe recent discovery of the Higgs boson completes the standard model of particle physics, but no compelling signal for physics beyond the standard model has been observed despite the numerous searches performed by experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Nevertheless, the hierarchy problem and the observation of dark matter are compelling arguments to study theories predicting new states at the weak scale, and a main effort has been directed towards understanding the negative search results and their implications for such weak scale new physics scenarios. Simplified models have become a standard in the interpretation of LHC searches for supersymmetry (SUSY), aiming at maximal model independence. More recently a similar approach was adopted for the interpretation of dark matter searches. The success of this approach is due to the fact that the small set of free parameters relates to the observables in LHC searches in a clear way, allowing an efficient optimisation of search strategies. Moreover, generic models can be projected on a simplified model description giving an intuitive understanding of the constraints on the parameter space, and providing a fast test against LHC constraints. As the relation between generic model parameters and simplified models is generally not straightforward, sophisticated computational tools are required to facilitate such a projection.This thesis explores the various aspects of simplified model interpretations of LHC searches and how they can be used to understand the results and bridge the gap between theoretical descriptions and experimental observations. In particular the software tool SModelS is presented, a tool that automates the mapping of generic models onto SUSY-like simplified model components, and that allows direct tests against corresponding experimental limits in the included database. Under certain assumptions SModelS can be used to constrain a wide class of new physics models with a dark matter candidate. These assumptions and some explicit tests are discussed in detail, followed by studies of (non-minimal) supersymmetric models using SModelS for the fast evaluation of constraints from SUSY searches. These studies highlight the capacity as well as the limitations of using simplified model results to study generic models. Finally regarding simplified models for dark matter searches, scenarios with a spin-2 mediator are studied in detail
Brelier, Bertrand. "Étude de la production associée ZH/WH, H en photons avec le détecteur ATLAS." Thèse, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10253.
Full textIn the Standard Model, a doublet scalar Higgs field is predicted leading to the presence of a neutral scalar particle, the Higgs boson. The LEP experiments have set a lower bound on the Higgs mass at 114. 5 GeV. The electroweak precision measurements, constrain indirectly the SM Higgs boson mass to be below 144 GeV at 95 % C. L. In this mass range, the Higgs boson decay into photons is one of the most important channels for the search of this boson at LHC in ATLAS experiment. Here, we evaluate the possibility to use the associated Higgs production with a Z or W boson. The signal over background ratio is better than the inclusive analysis. The associated Higgs production can be used to increase the statistical significance of the Higgs boson discovery. It can also be used to measure the Higgs couplings to the weak bosons
Barfuss, Anne-Fleur. "Recherche de leptoquarks de première génération dans le canal eejj avec l'expérience DØ." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2008AIX22088.pdf.
Full textAn evidence of the existence of leptoquarks (LQ) would prove the validity of some extensions of the standard model of particle physics (SM). The search for first generation leptoquarks presented in this dissertation hes been performed by analyzing a 1. 02fb [. . . ]
Malaescu, Bogdan. "Mesures précises de sections efficaces e໋ e ֿ→ Hadrons : tests du modèle standard et applications en QCD." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112095.
Full textThe scope of this thesis is to obtain and use accurate data on e+e annihilation into hadrons at energies of the order 1 GeV, for searches of new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. The different parts of this thesis describe four aspects of my work in this context. (1) Measurements of cross sections as a function of energy necessitate the unfolding of data spectra from detector effects. I propose a new iterative unfolding method for experimental data, with improved capabilities compared to existing tools. I apply it for the channels 2, 2 and 2K. (2) The experimental core of this thesis is a study of the process e+e->K+K from threshold to 5 GeV using the initial state radiation (ISR) method, through the measurement of e+e->K+K(γ) with the BABAR detector. I have performed this analysis which achieves a systematic uncertainty of 0. 7\% on the dominant resonance. (3) The prediction of the muon magnetic moment is done within the SM. The present comparison between the direct measurement and our (e+e-based) prediction shows an interesting hint for new physics (3. 2 effect). (4) The S determination is revisited and a very precise result on S(m2) is obtained (0. 344±0. 005(exp)±0. 007(th)), using the spectral functions from decays measured by ALEPH. When evolved to the Z mass, this value agrees with S(m2) directly measured from the Z width. This result is the most precise test of the S running in QCD
Poss, Stéphane. "Etalonnage de l'algorithme d'étiquetage de la saveur LHCb par la mesure de sin (2β)." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2009AIX22075.pdf.
Full textThe thesis objective is to prepare a procedure for the calibration of the flavour tagging of B messons, necessary for the CP violation studies. The chosen reference measurement is sin(2beta), a CP violating parameter of the Standard Model. The first part presents the theoretical context of the thesis, while the second presents the experimental one. The third par discusses the flavour tagging algorithm, and gives its expected performance. The fourth part presents the selection of a control channel used in the algorithm's optimization. The firth part presents the extraction procedure of a fundamental parameter of this algorithm, the wrong tag fraction. The last chapter uses this parameter for the measurement of sin(2beta). We show that with the one year of data taking, the precision on sin(2beta) is enough to control the algorithm
Chapon, Emilien. "Recherche du boson de Higgs et de couplages de jauge quartiques anormaux dans le canal WW en électrons dans l'expérience D0 au Tevatron." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066070.
Full textTwo physics analyzes are presented in this thesis, both probing the electroweak sector of the Standard Model using events with two oppositely charged electrons and missing transverse energy. The events are selected from the full Run II data sample of 9. 7 fb-1 of proton-antiproton collisions collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider at 1. 96 TeV. The first analysis is a search for the Higgs boson in H -> WW -> evev decays. To validate the search methodology, the non-resonant WW production cross section is measured. In the Higgs boson search, no significant excess above the background expectation is observed. Upper limits on the Higgs boson production cross section are therefore derived, within the Standard Model, but also within a theoretical framework with a fourth generation of fermions, and in the context of fermiophobic Higgs boson couplings. A search for anomalous quartic gauge couplings between the photon and the W boson is then presented, using exclusive W boson pair production, allowing to probe new physics effects. The selection of the events and the analysis techniques used are mostly identical to those used in the first analysis, the search for the Higgs boson. The limits set on this type of anomalous couplings are the first ones from the Tevatron and the most stringent ones at the time of the publication
Viaud, Benoit. "Etude du potentiel de l'expérience LHCb pour la découverte de physique au-delà du Modèle standard dans la désintédration Bd→Phi Ks." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005326.
Full textBizouard, Vincent. "Calculs de précision dans un modèle supersymétrique non minimal." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY075/document.
Full textAlthough the Standard Model has been very successful so far, it presents several limitations showing that it is only an effective low energy theory. For example, the neutrino masses or dark matter are not predicted in this model. Gravity is also not taken into account and we expect that it plays a quantum role at energies around the Planck mass. Moreover, radiative corrections to the Higgs boson mass suffer from quadratic divergences. All these problems underline the fact that new physics should appear, and this has to be described by an extension of the Standard Model. One well-motivated possibility is to add a new space-time symetry, called Supersymmetry, which link bosons and fermions. In its minimal extension, Supersymmetry can already solve the dark matter paradox with a natural candidate, the neutralino, and provide a cancellation of the dangerous quadratic corrections to the Higgs boson mass.In this thesis, we focussed on the Next-to-Minimal SuperSymmetric extension of the Standard Model, the NMSSM. To compare theoretical predictions with experiments, physical observables must be computed precisely. Since these calculations are long and complex, automatisation is desirable. This was done by developping SloopS, a program to compute one-loop decay width and cross-section at one-loop order in Supersymmetry. With this code, we first analysed the decay of the Higgs boson in a photon and a Z boson. This decay mode is induced at the quantum level and thus is an interesting probe of new physics. Its measurement has been started during Run 1 of the LHC and is continued now in Run 2. The possibility of deviation between the measured signal strength and the one predicted by the Standard Model motivates a careful theoretical analysis in beyond Standard Models which we realised within the NMSSM. Our goal was to compute radiative corrections for any process in this model. To cancel the ultraviolet divergences appearing in higher order computations, we had to carry out and implement the renormalisation of the NMSSM in SloopS. Finally, it was possible to use the renormalised model to compute radiatives corrections to masses and decay widths of Higgs bosons and supersymmetric particles in the NMSSM and to compare the results between different renormalisation schemes
Dhen, Mikaël. "Muon to electron conversion, flavored leptogenesis and asymmetric dark matter in minimal extensions of the Standard Model." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/217745.
Full textOption Physique du Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Pihan-Le, Bars Hélène. "Des horloges atomiques à la mission MICROSCOPE : recherche de violations d’invariance de Lorentz." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEO010/document.
Full textThis thesis presents two Lorentz invariance tests, performed within the Standard Model Extension framework (SME). The first one is a search for a violation in the matter sector of the SME, using data from a cold atom clock. The search for variations in the hyperfine transition frequency of 133Cs allowed us to constrain several SME coefficients related to protons and neutrons, with a sensitivity improving by up to 12 orders of magnitude the current best laboratory limits on these coefficients. The second test was carried out using the data from the MICROSCOPE space mission, in flight since April 2016, which is intended to test the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) with an accuracy of 10−15 on the Eötvös parameter. In this experiment, a coupling between matter and gravitation could lead to Lorentz violation signals and therefore to variations in relative acceleration of two test masses depending on the satellite orientation. The relative acceleration is measured by a differential electrostatic accelerometer. The first results, obtained through the analysis of five sessions, have already demonstrated an improvement of up to 4 orders of magnitude of the constraints on two coefficients of the SME sector of matter-gravity couplings
Baek, Yong Wook. "Calibration par injection de charge du calorimètre électromagnétique de CMS." Chambéry, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CHAMS001.
Full textGauthier, Léa. "Etudes dans le canal avec deux leptons de même signe de la physique du top au-delà du modèle standard." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00754370.
Full textCalpas, Betty. "Recherche du boson de Higgs du modèle standard dans le canal ZH → e+e- bbˉ avec le détecteur DØ auprès du Tevatron." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22039/document.
Full textA search for a standard model Higgs boson in the ZH → e+e- bbˉ channel is presented using 4.2 fb-1 of data the DØ detector at the Tevatron. No excess of data have been found. A 95% CL limit on the ZH → e+e- bbˉ cross section production have been set
Bouchart, Charles. "Phenomenology of the electroweak sector in warped (supersymmetric) extra-dimensional models." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112331.
Full textLn the framework of warped extra dimension models addressing the gauge hierarchy problem, we consider the Randall-Sundrum scenario under the usual hypothesis of a bulk custodial symmetry protecting the model from large ElectroWeak corrections together with a Higgs field localized on the so-called TeV-brane. After reviewing the basics of field theory in extra dimensions, we introduce the RS framework, and show in details the construction of our phenomenological model as well as the effects of EW symmetry breaking. We determine the several minimal quark representations allowing to address the anomalies in the forward-backward b-quark asymmetry. It is then shown in details that there can exist large corrections to the Higgs boson Vacuum Expectation Value induced by mixings of the gauge bosons with their KK excitations. The connection with EW precision tests is developed. We find possibly substantial RS corrections to the various Higgs couplings able to affect its phenomenology. The end of this thesis is dedicated to SuperSymmetric extension of warped models, the Higgs field still being confined on the TeV-brane
Siccardi, Vincent. "Etude du couplage top-W-b par la mesure de l'hélicité du boson W dans l'expérience Dø." Strasbourg 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR13082.
Full textTouati, Selim. "Quelques aspects de la violation-CP et interactions de jauges dans le modèle standard et au-delà." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY040.
Full textThe standard model (SM) of particle physics is the most accurate theory known to describe the elementary particles and their interactions. Once its 19 free parameters are measured, all kinds of elementary processes can be predicted with unequalled accuracy. To date, no significant deviation from the SM has been observed, making it a true success. However, a number of missing pieces and unexplained facts lead us to believe that this is not the end of the story and that the SM would be a low-energy expression of a more fundamental theory. The search for physics beyond the SM is part of this framework. Among the missing pieces, there is electroweak baryogenesis, the mechanism that is believed to be at the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. According to the big bang model, matter and antimatter were created in equal quantities whereas today matter seems to have taken over. The SM does not include such a mechanism. In 1967, a Russian physicist named Andrei Sakharov established three necessary conditions for baryogenesis to happen. One of these conditions stipulates that there would have been interactions that violated C and CP symmetries. CP-violation already exists in the SM. Indeed, the weak interaction can violate CP (already observed) and some strong theoretical arguments lead us to believe that strong interaction should also violate CP, but no such process has yet been observed. In short, it appears that the CP-violation present in the SM is not sufficient to explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry. Therefore, one of the challenges of physics beyond the standard model researches is to find additional sources of CP-violation in order to achieve the amount required for baryogenesis. In this PhD thesis, we first look at some manifestations of CP-violation, such as electric dipole moments (EDMs) of elementary particles, both in the weak sector in the presence of neutrino masses (absent in the SM) as well as in the strong sector. Then, in a second study, we build an effective field theory for gauge bosons. We generalize the Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian for the study of photon interactions, considered as the archetype of an effective field theory, to gauge bosons of arbitrary Lie algebras, several grand unification groups or mixed symmetries
Dartsi, Olympia. "Recherche de la production électrofaible de paires Zγ et mesure de la section efficace différentielle de production de Zγ en association avec deux jets dans l'ATLAS expérience du LHC." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY085.
Full textThe physics subject of my thesis work, is the measurement of the cross-section of the diboson Zgamma production in association with a high mass dijetsystem. Proton-proton collision data from the ATLAS experiment at theCERN Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV,collected in 2015 and 2016 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of36.1 fb^{-1} are analyzed. The electroweak production of Zgammajj events, provides a direct access to the nature of the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism, by probing the quantum gauge boson couplings WWZgamma, ZZZgamma, ZZgammagamma and Zgammagammagamma. The last three are forbidden at the lowest order in the Standard Model. Any deviation from the Standard Model predictions could be a hint for new physics.Until now, the electroweak production of Zgammajj, which consist in pro-cesses with fourth-order electroweak coupling and include vector-boson scat-tering processes, has never been observed. The same Zgammajj final state canbe produced by a strongly-mediated process, with second order electroweakcoupling and second order strong coupling, resulting in a cross-section threeorder of magnitude larger than the electroweak cross-section. The Zgammajj pro-duction via electroweak and strong mechanism interfere since the initial andfinal states are the same. The understanding of this effect is an importantaspect of the analysis.In my thesis, I have studied this effect and its impact on the observationof the process and on the fiducial cross-section measurements. For this inves-tigation, after having performed the computation of the three contributions(electroweak, strong and interference) to the total cross-section using MonteCarlo simulations I have performed an optimization of the selection cuts, in order to reduce the impact of the interference, defining also a procedure onhow to account for the interference in the data analysis. The experimentalfocus of my work is the measurement of the differential cross section of theZgammajj final state as function of the invariant mass of the Zgamma system, the transverse momentum of the photon, the jet multiplicity and the invariantmass of the dijet system. Distributions sensitive to new physics are unfoldedand compared with MC expectations.All physics results rely on the reconstruction and selection of final statesconsisting of jets, electrons, muon and photons. Electrons and their identi-fication therefore play an important role in the Zgammajj analysis. This thesisreport documents also the work that I have done on the electron identification efficiency, including the implementation of an additional data drivenmethod. The results I have obtained, are used in all ATLAS analyses whosesignature contain electrons
Neshatpour, Siavash. "Récentes implications au-delà du modèle standard des désintégrations de mésons beaux." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF22354.
Full textThere are fast progresses in the experimental study of rare decay sof mesons containing a b-quark, and involving a pair of leptons and an s-quark. The present work measures the indirect implications of these progresses on the supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. Even within constrained models, the indirect limits obtained in this way can in some cases be stronger than those coming from direct searches of supersymmetric particles. The accuracy gained by the form factors and higher order corrections newly implemented in the public code ”SuperIso” are then fully relevant
Prieur, Damien. "Étalonnage du calorimètre électromagnétique du détecteur ATLAS : reconstruction des événements avec des photons non pointants das le cadre d'un modèle supersymétrique GMSB." Lyon 1, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/04/82/39/PDF/tel-00009728.pdf.
Full textSitt, Simon. "Time dependent analysis and amplitude analysis of Bo→KosKosKos decays with BaBar experiment." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066333.
Full textTellili, Borhan. "Recherche de particules supersymétriques dans l'expérience L3 à LEP 2 au CERN." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10274.
Full textIconomidou-Fayard, Lydia. "Production et étude des propriétés des bosons intermédiaires : expérience UA2." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112186.
Full textWe present here some results concerning the properties of IVB’s detected by the UA2 experiment. The “electron-identification” criteria are discussed and the final samples of W’s and Z’s, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 863 nb⁻¹, are given. A particular study of longitudinal motion of bosons has been done and the momentum distribution of “parent-partons” has been evaluated. In the W’s center of mass frame, the angular distribution of the outgoing changed lepton (electron or positron) is in good agreement with the theoretical shape expected from the Standard Model and QCD corrections. The cross-sections of processes W→ev and Z→e⁺e⁻ and the masses of IVB’s are measured. The values of sin²0w and p are evaluated. A good agreement with standard model is observed
Jamin, David. "Recherche du boson de Higgs du Modèle Standard dans le canal de désintégration ZH → vvbb sur le collisionneyr Tevatron dans l'expérience DØ." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22078/document.
Full textIn the Standard Model of particle physics, the Higgs boson generates elementary particles mass. Current theoretical and experimental constraints leads of a Higgs boson mass between 114.4 and 158 GeV with 95% confidence level. Moreover, Tevatron has recently excluded the mass window between 100 et 109 GeV with 95% confidence level. These results gives a clear indication search Higgs boson at low mass. Dø detector is located close to Chicago, at Tevatron, proton-antiproton collider with an energy in the center of mass 1.96 TeV. the topic of this thesis is the search of Higgs boson associated to a Z boson. It is a sensitive channel to low mass Higgs boson (<135 Gev) which has a branching ratio close to 80% in this mass range. The decay channel ZH → nunubb has in the final state 2 heavy-flavor jets and missing transverse energy due to neutrinos.The heavy-flavor jets identification is done thanks a new algorithm we have developped (SLTNN) : the method is based on semi-leptonic decay of b quarks.the Higgs boson search analysis was done with 3 fb-1 of data. The use of SLTNN permits to increase by 10% of Higgs boson tagging efficiency. On the other hand, global analysis sensitivity improvement, after taking into account the backgrounds and systematic errors, is low
Protopapadaki, Eftychia Sofia. "ZZ diboson measurements with the ATLAS detector at the LHC and study of the toroidal magnetic field sensors." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112233.
Full textElementary particles and their interactions are described by the Standard Model. Even successful, there are still some unanswered questions which need to be addressed. In this work, the ZZ Standard Model process was studied in the leptonic decay channel. The data used were collected by the ATLAS detector during 2012 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 20 fb-1. The center of mass energy was 8 TeV. All the analysis elements, such as the signal selection and efficiencies, the background estimation, the measurement uncertainties and the statistical method employed for the cross section extraction, are discussed in this document. The total ZZ on-shell cross section is measured to be 6.98±0.41(stat.)±0.36(syst.)±0.20(lumi) pb. A measurement of the on-shell ``fiducial'' cross section, defined in a volume close to the reconstructed one, was also performed for each decay channel. Both total and fiducial measurements are in agreement, within uncertainties, with the SM predictions. The neutral boson-self interactions are forbidden in the SM. Therefore, if triple gauge boson couplings are observed, they will indirectly point to the existence of new physics. Observables sensitive to the presence of anomalous triple gauge couplings, along with the optimal binning were investigated. The traverse momentum of the most energetic boson was among the most sensitive observables, and it was thus used in order to extract 95% CL limits on the anomalous coupling parameters. All observed limits are found to be compatible with the SM expectations. In the framework of this thesis a performance study was conducted. In order to increase particles mass measurement precision, the accurate knowledge of the toroidal magnetic field inside the detector is essential. The sensors used for the production of the ATLAS toroidal magnetic field map were studied, and it was found that more than 97% of these sensors are reliable. The existing magnetic field map was probed, and even though inaccuracies were observed, they are not expected to impact muon momentum estimation and thus not to bias the Higgs boson mass measurement
Lemière, Yves. "Recherche de la violation de conservation du nombre leptonique total par le processus de double désintégration bêta du 82Se et du 150Nd dans l'expérience NEMO3 : Etude du processus Bi-Po de la chaîne du thoron." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN2045.
Full textThe NEMO-3 experiment searches for a neutrinoless double beta decay signal (bêtabêta0nu with an expecte sensitivity in terms of the half-life limit of the order of 1024 years. The discovery of this signal, forbidden in the Standard Model, would imply the violation of leptonic number conservation and would allow to determine the nature of this particule (Dirac or Majorana) and measure the neutrino mass scale. The goal of this work is to study high energy events from 82Se and 150Nd bêtabêta decay used in NEMO-3 detector. The first part of this work consists in the elaboration of a background model using NEMO-3 data. In the second part, the bêtabêta2nu half-life and a lower limit of the bêtabêta0nu half-life are computed using massive Majorana neutrino exchange hypothesis. In the last part, the measurement of some specific thallium contamination is performed thanks to the NEMO-3 capability to detect the 212Bi-Po decay
Naranjo, Fong Ivo Nicolas. "Tau lepton reconstruction and search for Higgs bosons decaying to tau pairs in the CMS experiment at the LHC." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01089488/document.
Full textThis thesis presents a search for Higgs bosons decaying into tau pairs in the context of the Standard Model (SM) and its minimal supersymmetric extension (MSSM) with the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment, using the data collected during the first years of operation at the LHC. After introducing the theoretical context relevant for the SM and MSSM Higgs bosons searches, the corresponding phenomenological aspects are discussed. The discovery of a scalar boson by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations in 2012 is then presented. The design and performance of the CMS experiment are described as well as the identification and measurements of physical objects needed for the analysis. The accent is put on the tau lepton reconstruction including in particular a novel tau isolation that uses the lifetime information. We optimized this tool in terms of tau identification efficiency and fake tau rejection, particularly suited for boosted taus. A new technique for rejecting the electrons faking taus is also presented: a discriminator based on a multivariate analysis which considerably reduces the contamination from electrons faking taus while preserving the efficiency of identification is exposed. The SM and MSSM Higgs boson searches in the di-tau final state are presented. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4. 9 fb-1 at sqrt{s}=7 TeV and 19. 7 fb-1 at sqrt{s}=8 TeV recorded by CMS respectively in 2011 and 2012. The focus is put on the most sensitive semi-leptonic decay channels: $$H\to\tau\tau\to l\tau_{h}$$ where $$l$$ is either an electron or muon and $$\tau_{h}$$ stands for hadronic tau decays. After combining all the decay channels in SM Higgs boson to di-tau search and in particular using the new anti-electron discriminator, an excess of observed events with respect to the background-only hypothesis is found. The statistical significance of this excess corresponds to 3. 2 standard deviations at a mass of 125 GeV. The measured signal strength is compatible with the SM Higgs signal expectation. This result constitutes an evidence for a coupling between the scalar boson and leptons. Finally, a new strategy in the search for the MSSM Higgs bosons is presented in this thesis. It combines both the novel tau isolation technique and a new refined categorization based on the $$\tau_{h}$$ transverse momentum. With respect to the previous CMS public result (2013), the sensitivity of the analysis presented in this document is improved by more than 30%. This is equivalent to an increase of the total integrated luminosity by a factor 3 to 4. The interpretation of the model independent upper limits on the cross-section times branching ratio of the production process shows no significant excess over the Standard Model backgrounds
Vannerom, David. "Search for new physics in the dark sector with the CMS detector: From invisible to low charge particles." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/293380/4/thesis.pdf.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Bélusca, Hermès. "Recherche de nouvelle physique au LHC à partir d'une théorie des champs effective pour le boson de Higgs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS032/document.
Full textThe discovery at the LHC of a scalar boson, the properties of which are strongly similar to the ones of the Standard Model Higgs boson, certainly indicate that the main actor of the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism was found. However, many beyond-the-Standard Model theories predict the existence of such a similar particle coming from a richer sector. Measuring the properties of the discovered scalar will tell us whether or not it is the same particle as the one predicted by the Standard Model. To this aim we use a model-independent approach through a Higgs Effective Field Theory (EFT) framework to parametrize the deviations of its couplings to matter from the Standard Model. We focus on a Higgs EFT framework based on a dimension-6 effective Lagrangian, including both CP-even and CP-odd operators. We first attempt at putting constraints on a part of the effective Wilson coefficients relevant for Higgs physics at the LHC, using the latest Higgs rates data from the Run-I of the ATLAS and CMS experiments, as well as electroweak precision data from LEP, SLC and Tevatron. We show that the current data is able to significantly constrain CP-even and some CP-odd operators of the effective Lagrangian. We then move on to the study of possible exotic Higgs decays, that can only be generated as a consequence of the effective dimension-6 operators (generated from unknown new physics) and not from within the Standard Model alone, and derive upper bounds on those operators given the present experimental limits. Finally we analyze some of the limitations of the effective approach by comparing predictions on some Higgs processes at tree-level in EFT with respect to predictions at tree and 1-loop level on the same processes computed in a simple class of Standard Model extensions known as "Two-Higgs doublet models"
Zsoldos, Stephane. "Recherche d'un neutrino stérile avec l'expérience STEREO : construction du veto à muons et estimation du bruit de fond corrélé." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY047/document.
Full textThe re-evaluation of the theoretical antineutrino flux emitted by nuclear reactors revealed a deficit of about 6% between the observed flux and the expected one. This so-called reactor antineutrino anomaly has a statistical significance of 2.7σ, and one possible explanation to this deficit could be the existence of a light sterile neutrino state into which reactor antineutrino oscillate at very short distances. The STEREO project, which will be presented in this thesis, aims to find an evidence of such oscillation.The measurement will take place at only few meters (~10 m) from the compact core of the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) research reactor in Grenoble, France, which provides a large flux of electron antineutrinos with an energy range from 1 to 10 MeV. The sensitive volume of the STEREO detector is 2m3 of organic liquid scintillator doped with Gadolinium, consisting of 6 cells stacked along the direction of the core and detecting anti-neutrinos via inverse beta decay.This setup will provide excellent sensitivity to short-baseline oscillations effects by precisely measuring any relative distortion of the antineutrino spectrum as a function of both energy and baseline.Close proximity to the reactor yield a high background environment from nearby experiments that is managed through heavy shielding surrounding the detector. Many measurements campaign has been performed to characterized this background and had allowed the improvement of the passive shielding design installed on-site.Moreover, an additional detector is settled above STEREO to tag the presence of an incoming cosmic muon and define a muon veto. These muons will produce fast neutrons during their interaction through the shieldings of STEREO and these neutrons can mimick the expected antineutrino signal. Therefore it is crucial to define the most efficient and homogenous veto to these muons.It consists of a tank of 2.5m3 of water detecting muons by their Cerenkov radiation. The light emitted is collected thanks to 20 photomultipliers positionned at the top of the tank and a chemical compound is added into the water to improve the light collection on the photomultipliers.This muon veto fully covers the STEREO detector along with its shieldings.Several configurations of the muon veto system using prototypes before the final instrumental has allowed to define a trigger system which allows an excellent efficiency to cosmic muons regarding a little sensitivity to others particles. These numerous tests were also used to check and optimize the dedicated electronics builded at LPSC, which is the same for both the STEREO detector and muon veto.After characterization of the muon flux on site and with respect to the muon veto efficiency, a simulation has been developped to evaluate the rate of fake antineutrino event expected from the muon-induced fast neutrons. Thus, this result has confirmed the scientific requirements of the experience, which is the ability to probe the reactor antineutrino anomaly in 300 days of reactor data.STEREO is at the moment being comissionned and will deliver his first results at the end of 2016
Deutschmann, Nicolas. "Precision calculations in effective theories for Higgs production." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1142/document.
Full textAfter a general introduction, this manuscript presents two preliminary chapters, describing first the physics context and the mathematical techniques used in this thesis.We then present the work performed in this thesis. We start with extraction of the power-suppressed of the Yukawa coupling of the bottom quark in the Higgs Effective Field Theory (HEFT) by a two-loop matching calculation between the Standard Model and the HEFT. This correction was the missing piece to improve the prediction of the production cross section of a Higgs boson in association to a pair of bottom quarks.The two next chapters present different aspects of the NLO corrections to Higgs boson production through gluon fusion in the standard model effective field theory. We first present the evaluation of the virtual corrections to this process and use the known one-loop ultraviolet and infrared divergence structure to extract a two-loop counterterm that allowed us to renormalize the amplitude, which we then analytically continued to the physical regions.We then combine this result with the automatic calculation of the real emission corrections in the program Madgraph5_aMC@NLO. The results are presented for the total cross section and differential distributions and comment on the effect of radiative corrections on these predictions
Quevillon, Jérémie. "Higgs Physics Beyond the Standard Model." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01070196.
Full textTeyssier, Daniel. "Recherche du boson de Higgs standard et non-minimal à LEP2 dans l'expérience L3." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001929.
Full textDe plus, les recherches de production de scalaires neutres sont développées, dans les modèles généraux à deux doublets de Higgs de type II, au moyen d'une analyse dite "indépendante de saveur". On présente aussi les recherches concernant le boson de Higgs "invisible", où le boson Z se désintègre en une paire de fermions et le boson de Higgs en particules indétectables. L'utilisation de ces derniers résultats permet de contraindre les paramètres des modèles supersymétriques minimaux non-universels (sans unification de masse des jauginos).
Meideck, Thomas. "Recherche de dimensions supplémentaires dans l'état final diphoton avec le détecteur ATLAS à 13 TeV." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY036.
Full textIn the context of particle physics, the naturalness of the Standard Model is still under discussion. In the absence of any new phenomena, the Standard Model should remain valid up to the Planck energy scale where quantum gravity plays an important role. The difference in energy between the electroweak interaction and the Planck scale is huge (17 orders of magnitude), which is known as the hierarchy problem and constitutes a naturalness issue for the Standard Model.A solution to this problem is the addition of additional space dimensions. This addition of space dimensions leads to the introduction of new particles which are graviton excitations and can decay into two photons. It might be possible toobserve graviton production at high energy colliders, especially at the LHC with the collision of proton-proton and looking at 2 photons in the final state.The diphoton analysis, with the ATLAS detector with an energy in the center of mass of 13 TeV, allows to probe a mass interval from 500 GeV to 7 TeV, where signatures of additional space dimensions, if they exist, can be studied. The main challenge of the analysis is to perform a good estimation of the SM contribution to signal. To perform this, it is necessary to discriminate true photons from misidentified jets or electronic noise. In the case of compatibility between data and the SM, this analysis allows to increase significantly the exclusion limits of the parameters of theadditional space dimensions model
Hebinger, Jeremy. "Phénoménologie des mésons B à la recherche d'un signal au-delà du modèle standard." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS260/document.
Full textOver the last decades, the loop induced decay $b o sgamma$ has attracted a considerable amount of attention due to its potential sensitivity to new physics. In the standard model, the processes $b o sgamma_{L(R)}$ and $overline{b} o overline{s}gamma_{R(L)}$ are proportional to the Wilson coefficients $C_7(C'_7)$. The decay $B o Kpipigamma$ provides via angular analysis a parity odd observable ($lambda$) and via $B-overline{B}$ mixing a CP odd observable ($S_{ho Kgamma}$) both sensitive to the ratio $C'_7/C_7approx m_s/m_b$. The main issue is that both $lambda$ and $S_{ho Kgamma}$ are accompanied by a dilution factor originating from the strong decay. This work is focused on the estimation and modelisation of those dilution factors.The transition $B o Kpipigamma$ occurs as three subsequent decays. The weak process $B o K_{res}gamma$ is followed by the strong 3-body decay of the kaonic resonance $K_{res} o Kpipi$ via three distinct intermediate states $ho K$, $K^*pi$ and $kappapi$.The observable $S_{ho Kgamma}$ is accessible with the final state $K^0pi^+pi^-gamma$, but the presence of non CP eigenstates $K^{*pm}pi^mp$ and $kappa^pmpi^mp$ induce the dilution factor $D$.To deal with this inconvenience, we derive the expression of $D$ in terms of the partial waves $ho K$, $K^*pi$ and $kappapi$ and including the koanic resonances $K_1(1270/1400), K^*(1410)$ and $K_2^*(1430)$. The partial waves can then be fitted using the final state $K^{pm}pi^{mp}pi^{pm}gamma$, where the experimental sensitivity is higher, in order the compute the dilution factor. Then we propose a new model independent method to determine $D$, which consist in extracting the dilution factor independently of $S_{ho Kgamma}$ using final states with one neutral pion such as $K^+pi^-pi^0gamma$. Exploiting existing data with $m_{Kpipi} <1.8;$GeV$/c^2$, we obtained $D=0.92pm0.17$.When considering only $K_1(1270/1400)$ and $K^*(1410)$, fitting the angular and Dalitz plot distribution allows to extract $lambda$ with an accuracy of the order of $pm 10%$ for a sample of $5.10^3$ Monte Carlo generated events. But this require a good knowledge of different quantities of importance in the strong decay such as the $K_1$ mixing angle, individual $B o K_{res}gamma$ branching ratios and relative phases. We show that some of those parameters can simultaneously fitted with $lambda$ with a loss of accuracy of just a few percent. We derive how, using only the angular distribution, one can partially cancel contribution from the strong decay and obtain a lower bound on $|lambda|$
Andrea, Jérémy. "Mesure de la section efficace de production de paires de quarks top dans l'expérience CMS au LHC." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2009/ANDREA_Jeremy_2009.pdf.
Full textThe main subject of this thesis work aims to measure the top quark pair cross section in the CMS experiment at the beginning of the LHC. This measurement will be one of the first Standard Model tests to be performed, thanks to the high top-antitop cross section foreseen at LHC collision energy. The considered final state is the di-leptonic channel, constituted of two isolated leptons (electrons and/or muons coming from the decay of W bosons) with high transverse momentum, a large missing transverse energy (mainly due to the associated production of two neutrinos) and two b quark jets. The b quark jets are identified by means of dedicated algorithms such as the “Jet Probability” algorithm which uses the impact parameter significance of tracks to compute their probabilities to come from the primary vertex. A procedure to calibrate this algorithm was set up. For all the lifetime based b-tagging algorithms, data driven methods to estimate the b-tagging efficiency as well as mis-tagging rate were developed. The precisions of these methods were estimated for increasing integrated luminosities. A simple and robust selection of top-antitop events is presented in this thesis. Misalignment and miscalibration effects at LHC start-up were taken into account. An original data-driven method for background estimate was developed. Taking into account the main systematic uncertainties, the precision of the top-antitop pair cross section measurement was estimated for an integrated luminosity of 100 pb-1. Finally, to prepare the data analysis, muons that were detected during the cosmic data taking runs (in 2008) have been studied and the track reconstruction efficiency from the CMS silicon tracker was measured for the first time
Kivernyk, Oleh. "Measurement of the W boson mass with the ATLAS detector." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS590/document.
Full textThis thesis describes a measurement of the W boson mass with the ATLAS detector based on the data-set recorded by ATLAS in 2011 at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, and corresponding to 4.6 inverse femtobarn of integrated luminosity. Measurements are performed through template fits to the transverse momentum distributions of charged leptons and to transverse mass distributions of the W boson, in electron and muon decay modes in various kinematic categories. The individual measurements are found to be consistent and their combination leads to a value of m_W = 80371.1 ± 18.6 MeV. The measured value of the W boson mass is compatible with the current world average of m_W = 80385 ± 15 MeV. The uncertainty is competitive with the current most precise measurements performed by the CDF and D0 collaborations
Daussy-Renaudin, Victor. "Probing Lepton Flavour Universality through semitauonic Λb decays using three-pions τ-lepton decays with the LHCb experiment at CERN." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS335/document.
Full textProbing Lepton Flavour Universality has been recently a very promising topic to test for the presence of New Physics contributions in Standard Model processes. Measurements involving semitauonic decays are interesting as potential New Physics couplings to the τ-lepton could be enhanced with respect to the two other leptons due to its mass. Experimental measurements of B->D*τν and B->Dτν branching fractions are currently in tension with theoretical predictions at the 3.78σ level. Both precise measurements and analyses of new channels are thus required to understand the source of this disagreement. The work presented in this thesis describes the use of a new technique to reconstruct τ-lepton using its decay into three pions and its use to measure ratios of branching fractions for two decays B->D*τν and Λb->Λcτν with respect to the same decays involving a muon, these ratios are referred to as R(D*) and R(Λc). Using the 3 fb⁻¹ of proton-proton collisions recorded by the LHCb detector during the LHC Run1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 and 8 TeV, R(D*) was measured using the three-pions reconstruction for the τ to be R(D*⁻) = 0.291 ± 0.019(stat) ± 0.026(syst) ± 0.013(ext) This result is compatible with the Standard Model expectation at the 1σ level and is consistent with previous measurements. Its precision is able to slightly enforce the disagreement between the combination of the measurements with the theoretical prediction. The same dataset is also analysed in this thesis to study the Λb->Λcτν decay which is observed for the first time with a significance of 5.7σ. Both statistical and systematic uncertainties were estimated and R(Λc) can then be expressed as R(Λc) = X*(1 ± 0.105(stat) ± 0.162(syst) ± 0.12(ext)) with its central value remaining blind at the moment
Mulet-Marquis, Cédric. "Recherche de particules supersymétriques dans le cadre du modèle standard supersymétrique minimal avec violation de la R-parité par des opérateurs [lambda]'ijkLiQjDk auprès du détecteur DELPHI au LEP du CERN." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10203.
Full textKhandoga, Mykola. "Calibration of electron shower shapes, hadronic recoil reconstruction using deep learning algorithms and the measurement of W boson transverse momentum distribution with the ATLAS detector." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03143181.
Full textThe initial part of the thesis contains the description of the method for electromagnetic calorimeter calibration, correcting for the Data-MC discrepancy in the development of the electromagnetic showers in the calorimeter. The method improves electron identification and reduces the associated systematic uncertainty.The major part of the thesis is dedicated to the precise measurement of the W boson transverse spectrum using the data, collected by the ATLAS experiment at the energies of 5 and 13 TeV during two special low pile-up runs in 2017 and 2018. The motivation for the precise measurement of the W boson transverse spectrum is twofold. First, it serves as a test for the theoretical predictions obtained within the Standard Model and allows to benchmark the performance of the Monte-Carlo (MC) generators. The second reason is because the W pT spectrum is an input component for the measurement of the W boson mass which is a Standard Model parameter. The use of low pile-up data allows to significantly reduce the hadronic recoil systematic uncertainty improving the precision of the spectrum measurement. The thesis describes the methodology of the W boson pT spectrum measurement as well as the imposed calibrations, corrections and the associated uncertainties. The final result is obtained from the measured hadronic recoil using an unfolding procedure and is compared to the theoretical predictions obtained with different Monte-Carlo generators. An alternative method for the hadronic recoil reconstruction with the use of deep neural networks is proposed in the thesis. The method is shown to improve the resolution of the measured hadronic recoil by about 10% in the most relevant region of low pT. The observables obtained using approach improve the sensitivity to the mass of the W boson