Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modèle de maintenabilité'
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Zwingmann, Xavier. "Modèle d’évaluation de la fiabilité et de la maintenabilité au stade de la conception." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/ZWINGMANN_Xavier_2005.pdf.
Full textBertrand, Sébastien. "Modèle de maintenabilité logicielle par analyse statique du graphe de code du programme." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0414.
Full textThe high cost of software maintenance requires a focus on software maintainability. Although it emerges from the structure of the source code, its evaluation is subjective, as it depends on developers and the context. Current maintainability models tend to reduce maintainability to a one-dimensional score based on metrics, often poorly defined, which inadequately represent the structure of the code. Our work is based on the static analysis of code graphs to evaluate maintainability. It led to the development of Javanalyser, an open-source tool that automatically generates the code graph of a Java program. These graphs enabled the formalization of 33 static metrics as declarative queries, and allowed the successful replication of a study by Schnappinger et al. Our extension of the study confirmed the importance of size as a factor influencing maintainability, while also recognizing the impact of other metrics. This work opens the way to a deeper understanding of maintainability through a multidimensional representation that takes into account the variability between developers
Slavila, Corneliu Alexandru. "Mesure partagée de la maintenabilité d'un produit en cours de conception." Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA2047.
Full textWithin the general framework of simultaneous engineering, the work presented in this PhD thesis concerns the maintainability evaluation of a mechanical product during its design. Thus, our objective is to identify a method and tools enabling the maintenance expert to evaluate and measure the maintainability of the future product, and all this as soon as possible in the design process. We propose a redefinition of the maintainability criteria according to a hierarchical structure with three levels; we thus introduce the concepts of elementary criterion and under criterion of maintainability. Then we have presented a model of design data which makes it possible to preserve in the final index of maintainability the uncertainty and inaccuracy of initial design data, it is also possible to compute a confidence index of for the evaluation. In order to evaluate the maintainability index we have proposed an approach integrated in advanced CAD systems, thus simplifying the exchange of information between the maintainability evaluator and the designers. The numerical value of the maintainability index is determined by the aggregation of several maintainability criteria. We drew up the specifications for a product maintainability evaluation tool at the design stage; this tool is interfaced with an advanced CAD system. Finally we presented the application of our evaluation method in the case of redesigning an engine dedicated to model making
Shahin, Kamrul. "Modèle graphique probabiliste appliqué au diagnostic de l'état de santé des systèmes, au pronostic et à l'estimation de la durée de vie résiduelle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0129.
Full textThis thesis contributes to prognosis and health management for assessing health condition of complex systems. In the context of operational management and operational safety of systems, we propose to investigate how Dynamic Probabilistic Graphical Modelling (DPGM) can be used to diagnose the current health state of systems, prognostic the future health state, and the evolution of degradation, as well as estimate its remaining useful life based on its operating conditions. System degradation is generally unknown and requires shutting down the system to be observed. However, this is difficult or even impossible during system operation. Though, a set of observable quantities on a system or component can characterise the level of degradation and help to estimate the remaining useful life of components and systems. The DPGM provides an approach suitable for modelling the evolution of the health state of systems and components. The aim of this thesis is to transpose and capitalize on the experience of these previous works in a prognostic context on the basis of a more efficient DPGM taking into account the available knowledge on the system. We extend the classical HMM family models to the IOHMM to allow the time propagation of uncertainty to address prognostic problems. This research includes the extension of learning and inference algorithms. Variants of the HMM model are proposed to incorporate the operating environment into the prognosis. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to solving the following scientific locks: - Considering the state of health whatever the complexity of the system by a stochastic model and learning the model parameters from the available measurements on the system. - Establish a diagnosis of the state of health of the system and the prognosis of its evolution by integrating several operational conditions. - Estimate the remaining useful life of components and structured systems with series and parallel components. This is a major challenge because the prognosis of the degradation of system components makes it possible to define strategies for either control or maintenance in relation to the residual life of the system. This allows the reduction of the probability of occurrence of a shutdown due to a system malfunction either by adjusting the degradation speed to fit in with a preventive maintenance plan or by proactively planning maintenance interventions
Glade, Mathieu. "Modélisation des coûts de cycle de vie : prévision des coûts de maintenance et de la fiabilité : Application à l'aéronautique." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2005. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/mglade.pdf.
Full textIn its official definition, the term of functioning security represents four notions which are reliability, security, maintainability and availability. However, today this definition of functioning security involves a more general notion of economy, security or operational risk master. So in the initial domain of the technical failure, we will be interested in the piloting of the exploitation costs. This notion, have became the major stake of competitiveness, lead the manufacturers to develop approaches allowing a mastery of these parameters by their consideration from the pre-project phases. So this work consists first in proposing a model of maintenance costs and also in establishing analysis methods witch allows estimating product reliability. We will see how a design to maintenance cost perfectly corresponds with this new definition of the functioning security
Abdallah, Ben M'hamed. "Contribution à l'étude de fiabilité des composants : développement d'un générateur de bases de données de fiabilité et maintenabilité opérationnelles." Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD236.
Full textZiani, Rezki. "Vérification des objectifs de disponibilité et de maintenabilité des systèmes complexes modélisés par leurs ensembles minimaux : vers une optimisation de la sûreté des systèmes." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPI250.
Full textSaassouh, Bassem. "Maintenance conditionnelle pour des systèmes soumis à plusieurs modes de fonctionnement : approche stochastique." Troyes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TROY0006.
Full textMaintenance problems occupy an important place in industrial processes optimization related fields. The maintenance modelling based both on maintenance policy and stochastic degradation model allows analysis and performance evaluation of the implemented strategy. Here, we deal with conditional-based maintenance for systems subject to gradual deterioration with several operating modes. In the majority of cases, the maintenance models are developed under assumptions of stationarity of the degradation phenomenon. The mean velocity of the system degradation or the rates of failures occurrence are, for example, supposed to be constant during the system life-cycle. In some cases, conditions related to the external environment or the system solicitations reveal several operating modes with specific degradation characteristics. The objective of this thesis is to develop models of conditional based maintenance to integrate the characteristics of the current operating mode in the optimization procedure of the maintenance policy. Degradation is modelled by a Gamma process whose parameters evolve with respect to time. Thus, we identify several operating modes, characterized by their mean velocity of degradation, called “modes of degradation”. Several possibilities of mode change are considered in this work
Billon, Aurélie. "Modélisation de la fiabilité de composants d'un moteur aéronautique basée sur les données des dégradations en fonction de la maintenance programmée." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3053.
Full textThe aim of our studies is to propose a statistical model of turboshaft engines ageing behaviour in order to improve the reliability level assessment. Field and repair data feedback are used to fit our model. This model takes into account one component whose failure mechanisms are in competition with respect to a final event and scheduled maintenance policy. We want to estimate reliability of engine component and, for instance, optimize the preventive maintenance policy
Asali, Mehdi. "Modélisation et prévision du comportement thermo-hydro-mécanique d’une paroi en béton : application au cas des enceintes de confinement des bâtiments réacteurs nucléaires." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10143/document.
Full textThe containment building represents the third and last protection barrier of nuclear reactors buildings (NRB). Yet ageing mechanisms of prestressed concrete could strongly affect the tightness capacity of the inner containment of a double-wall reactor building over time. That is a major issue considering the long term operation and the possible life extension of NRB while ensuring safety and regulatory requirements. Considering the size of such structures and the complexity of all interacting phenomena, it is very difficult to build an industrial and operational tool modeling all the strong couplings occurring at different scales. In that context, this Ph.D. thesis introduces a numerical strategy aiming at forecasting the leakage rate evolution of inner containments during operation. It is based on an adapted macro-element mesh, on a simple but physically representative chained weakly-coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical modeling and on a 3D finite element specially designed for computing air leakage through unsaturated porous and cracked concrete. The proposed strategy has been applied to the scale 1:3 VeRCoRs mock-up: results are validated with available experimental data until the first internal pressurization test before being extended until the third one.The proposed strategy enables operators to:- Take into account variabilities and uncertainties of main parameters to quantify their impact on the total leak rate;- Numerically introduce defects coming from visual inspections;- Pre-empt and optimize leak mitigation actions to avoid outage extensions and associated losses of income
Sidibe, Ibrahima dit Bouran. "Analyse non-paramétrique des politiques de maintenance basée sur des données des durées de vie hétérogènes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0081.
Full textIn the reliability literature, several researches works have been developed to deal with modeling, analysis and implementation of maintenance policies for equipments subject to random failures. The majority of these works are based on common assumptions among which the distribution function of the equipment lifetimes is assumed to be known. Furthermore, the equipment is assumed to experience only one operating environment. Such assumptions are indeed restrictive and may introduce a bias in the statistical analysis of the distribution function of the equipment lifetimes which in turn impacts optimization of maintenance policies. In the present research work, these two particular assumptions are relaxed. This relaxation allows to take into account of information related to conditions where the equipment is being operating and to focus on the statistical analysis of maintenance policies without using an intermediate parametric lifetimes distribution. The objective of this thesis consists then on the development of efficient statistical models and tools for managing the maintenance of equipments whose lifetimes distribution is unknown and defined through the heterogeneous lifetimes data. Indeed, this thesis proposes a framework for maintenance strategies determination, from lifetimes data acquisition toward the computation of optimal maintenance policies. The maintenance policies considered are assumed to be performed on used equipments. These later are conduct to experience their missions within different environments each of which is characterized by a degree of severity. In this context, a first mathematical model is proposed to evaluate costs induced by maintenance strategies. The analysis of these costs helps to establish the necessary and sufficient conditions to ensure the existence of an optimal age to perform the preventive maintenance. The maintenance costs are fully estimated by using the Kernel method. This estimation method is non-parametric and defined by two parameters, namely the kernel function and the smoothing parameter. The variability of maintenance costs estimator is deeply analyzed according to the smoothing parameter of Kernel method. From these analyses, it is shown that Kernel estimator method ensures a weak propagation of the errors due to the computation of smoothing parameter. In addition, several simulations are made to estimate the optimal replacement age. These simulations figure out that the numerical results from the Kernel method are close to the theoretical values with a weak coefficient of variation. Two probabilistic extensions of the first mathematical model are proposed and theoretically discussed. To deal with the problem of delayed preventive maintenance, an approach is proposed and discussed. The proposed approach allows evaluating the risk that could induce the delay taken to perform a preventive maintenance at the required optimal date. This approach is based on risk analysis conduct on the basis of a proposed risk function
Causse, Lionel. "Analyse et modélisation des interactions géomécaniques entre tunnels et versants instables." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0006.
Full textTunnels and unstable slopesABSTRACT: The slope instabilities are partly responsible for the appearance of disorders or reactivation of previous disorders in old shallow tunnel structures. However, it is necessary to understand what results from these interaction contexts and what is due solely to rheological aging of these old structures. Retro-analyzes have led to the consideration of different situations of tunnels entering a hillslope: tunnel entering a slope (tunnel head), tunnel oblique to the slope or shallow tunnel parallel to the slope. Identified pathologies of structures vary depending on these situations. In this thesis, different mechanisms responsible for damage to structures were studied in the case of a shallow tunnel parallel to a slope. For this, a part of the research has focused on the influence factors through a series of parametric numerical approaches. Some are related to the elevation of the tunnel in the slope and its distance from the free surface of the slope. Then are highlighted influencing factors related to geomorphological characteristics of the hillslope and its natural evolution as well as factors related to the construction method of the tunnel. In the second part, case study back-analyzes have characterized different contexts of interaction and pathologies of old tunnels concerned. Numerical simulations were performed to illustrate the behaviour of these structures and explain tunnel lining damages. Finally in the third part, a methodology for analyzing different contexts of interaction between old tunnels and unstable slopes has been established, leading to redefine the concept of geotechnical influenced zone in this situation
Akrouche, Joanna. "Optimization of the availability of multi-states systems under uncertainty." Thesis, Compiègne, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COMP2545.
Full textDependability has become a necessity in the industrial world during the twentieth century. Dependability is an activity domain that proposes means to increase the attributes of the system in a reasonable time and with a less cost. In systems engineering, dependability is defined as the property that enables system users to place a justified confidence in the service it delivers to them and it is a measure of a system’s availability, reliability, and its maintainability, and maintenance support performance, and, in some cases, other characteristics such as durability, safety and security. The key concept that our work is based on is the availability. The availability A(t) is the ability of a system to be operational at a specific moment. The cost of some system with high availability is very expensive. The designer must compromise between the availability and the economic costs. Users can reject systems that are unsafe, unreliable or insecure. Therefore, any user (or industry) will ask this questionbefore getting any product: "What is the optimal product in the market?" To answer to this question, we must combine the following two points : - The best availability of the system : the user wants a product that lasts as long as possible. - The best cost of the system : the user wants a product without costing him a fortune. Availability calculation is based primarily on knowledge of failure rates and repairs of system components. Availability analysis helps to calculate the ability of a system to provide a required level of performance depending on the level of degradation. Several methods have been used to calculate the availability of a system, amongst which we find the Universal Generating Function (UGF), Inclusion-Exclusion technique, Markov models, etc. These methods employ different probabilistic techniques to evaluate this criterion, but these proposed approaches remain effective only for very specific cases, for example the cases of binary systems. A binary system is a system where only two cases are possible : perfect functioning and total failure. While the transition to multi-state systems (MSS) drastically restricts the application of most of these methods. In real life, the systems corresponds to MSS. In such scenarios, systems and their components can operate at different performance levels between working and failure states. However, the evaluation of the availability of the MSSs is more difficult than in the binary case, because we have to take into account the different combinations of the component failure modes. Throughout this thesis, we search for a method that helps us to compute and to optimize the availability of MSS
Nguyen, Hoang-Phuong. "Model-based and data-driven prediction methods for prognostics." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASC021.
Full textDegradation is an unavoidable phenomenon that affects engineering components and systems, and which may lead to their failures with potentially catastrophic consequences depending on the application. The motivation of this Thesis is trying to model, analyze and predict failures with prognostic methods that can enable a predictive management of asset maintenance. This would allow decision makers to improve maintenance planning, thus increasing system availability and safety by minimizing unexpected shutdowns. To this aim, research during the Thesis has been devoted to the tailoring and use of both model-based and data-driven approaches to treat the degradation processes that can lead to different failure modes in industrial components, making use of different information and data sources for performing predictions on the degradation evolution and estimating the Remaining Useful Life (RUL).The Ph.D. work has addressed two specific prognostic applications: model-based prognostics for fatigue crack growth prediction and data-driven prognostics for multi-step ahead predictions of time series data of Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) components.Model-based prognostics relies on the choice of the adopted Physics-of-Failure (PoF) models. However, each degradation model is appropriate only to certain degradation process under certain operating conditions, which are often not precisely known. To generalize this, ensembles of multiple degradation models have been embedded in the model-based prognostic method in order to take advantage of the different accuracies of the models specific to different degradations and conditions. The main contributions of the proposed ensemble of models-based prognostic approaches are the integration of filtering approaches, including recursive Bayesian filtering and Particle Filtering (PF), and novel weighted ensemble strategies considering the accuracies of the individual models in the ensemble at the previous time steps of prediction. The proposed methods have been validated by case studies of fatigue crack growth simulated with time-varying operating conditions.As for multi-step ahead prediction, it remains a difficult task of Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) because prediction uncertainty tends to increase with the time horizon of the prediction. Large prediction uncertainty has limited the development of multi-step ahead prognostics in applications. To address the problem, novel multi-step ahead prediction models based on Long Short- Term Memory (LSTM), a deep neural network developed for dealing with the long-term dependencies in the time series data have been developed in this Thesis. For realistic practical applications, the proposed methods also address the additional issues of anomaly detection, automatic hyperparameter optimization and prediction uncertainty quantification. Practical case studies have been considered, concerning time series data collected from Steam Generators (SGs) and Reactor Coolant Pumps (RCPs) of NPPs
Sidibe, Ibrahima dit Bouran. "Analyse non-paramétrique des politiques de maintenance basée sur des données des durées de vie hétérogènes." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0081/document.
Full textIn the reliability literature, several researches works have been developed to deal with modeling, analysis and implementation of maintenance policies for equipments subject to random failures. The majority of these works are based on common assumptions among which the distribution function of the equipment lifetimes is assumed to be known. Furthermore, the equipment is assumed to experience only one operating environment. Such assumptions are indeed restrictive and may introduce a bias in the statistical analysis of the distribution function of the equipment lifetimes which in turn impacts optimization of maintenance policies. In the present research work, these two particular assumptions are relaxed. This relaxation allows to take into account of information related to conditions where the equipment is being operating and to focus on the statistical analysis of maintenance policies without using an intermediate parametric lifetimes distribution. The objective of this thesis consists then on the development of efficient statistical models and tools for managing the maintenance of equipments whose lifetimes distribution is unknown and defined through the heterogeneous lifetimes data. Indeed, this thesis proposes a framework for maintenance strategies determination, from lifetimes data acquisition toward the computation of optimal maintenance policies. The maintenance policies considered are assumed to be performed on used equipments. These later are conduct to experience their missions within different environments each of which is characterized by a degree of severity. In this context, a first mathematical model is proposed to evaluate costs induced by maintenance strategies. The analysis of these costs helps to establish the necessary and sufficient conditions to ensure the existence of an optimal age to perform the preventive maintenance. The maintenance costs are fully estimated by using the Kernel method. This estimation method is non-parametric and defined by two parameters, namely the kernel function and the smoothing parameter. The variability of maintenance costs estimator is deeply analyzed according to the smoothing parameter of Kernel method. From these analyses, it is shown that Kernel estimator method ensures a weak propagation of the errors due to the computation of smoothing parameter. In addition, several simulations are made to estimate the optimal replacement age. These simulations figure out that the numerical results from the Kernel method are close to the theoretical values with a weak coefficient of variation. Two probabilistic extensions of the first mathematical model are proposed and theoretically discussed. To deal with the problem of delayed preventive maintenance, an approach is proposed and discussed. The proposed approach allows evaluating the risk that could induce the delay taken to perform a preventive maintenance at the required optimal date. This approach is based on risk analysis conduct on the basis of a proposed risk function
Causse, Lionel. "Analyse et modélisation des interactions géomécaniques entre tunnels et versants instables." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0006/document.
Full textTunnels and unstable slopesABSTRACT: The slope instabilities are partly responsible for the appearance of disorders or reactivation of previous disorders in old shallow tunnel structures. However, it is necessary to understand what results from these interaction contexts and what is due solely to rheological aging of these old structures. Retro-analyzes have led to the consideration of different situations of tunnels entering a hillslope: tunnel entering a slope (tunnel head), tunnel oblique to the slope or shallow tunnel parallel to the slope. Identified pathologies of structures vary depending on these situations. In this thesis, different mechanisms responsible for damage to structures were studied in the case of a shallow tunnel parallel to a slope. For this, a part of the research has focused on the influence factors through a series of parametric numerical approaches. Some are related to the elevation of the tunnel in the slope and its distance from the free surface of the slope. Then are highlighted influencing factors related to geomorphological characteristics of the hillslope and its natural evolution as well as factors related to the construction method of the tunnel. In the second part, case study back-analyzes have characterized different contexts of interaction and pathologies of old tunnels concerned. Numerical simulations were performed to illustrate the behaviour of these structures and explain tunnel lining damages. Finally in the third part, a methodology for analyzing different contexts of interaction between old tunnels and unstable slopes has been established, leading to redefine the concept of geotechnical influenced zone in this situation