Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modèle de lubrification'
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Vazquez, Carlos. "Etude mathématique et numérique d'un modèle de cavitation en lubrification hydrodynamique et élastohydrodynamique." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10221.
Full textDalissier, Eric. "Optimisation des états de surface et nouveau modèle de cavitation pour un écoulement lubrifié." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814525.
Full textFrascati, François. "Etude et modélisation du comportement des émaux lors du matriçage finition des aubes en alliage de titane." Paris, ENMP, 2003. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00443623.
Full textMaier, Daniel. "On the use of model order reduction techniques for the elastohydrodynamic contact problem." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0010/document.
Full textIn today's product development process, fast and exact simulational models of complex physical problems gain in significance. The same holds for the elastohydrodynamic (EHD) contact problem. Thus, the objective of this work is to generate a compact model for the EHD contact problem by the application of model order reduction. Thereto, the EHD contact problem, consisting of the nonlinear Reynolds equation, the linear elasticity equation and the load balance, is solved as a monolithic system of equations using Newton's method. The reduction takes place by projection onto a low-dimensional subspace, which is based on solutions of the full system. Moreover, a so-called system approximation is executed at which the reduced system matrices are substituted by less complex surrogates. For the stationary EHD contact problem, an algorithm for the automated generation of the compact model is presented. This algorithm provides fast and numerically stable reduced systems on a given parameter range. Additionally, the reduced Newton method is extended to the consideration of Non-Newtonian fluids whereat highly accurate results are obtained requiring a very low computational time. Furthermore, a new formulation for the transient EHD contact problem is introduced, at which the computational area is adapted to the current contact size. This kind of morphing enables efficient reduced models in particular for excitations of large amplitude. Beside of the reduced Newton-method with system approximation, the method Trajectory Piecewise Linear (TPWL) is applied to the transient EHD contact problem. Here, further speed-up potential arises. Despite a distinctly lower computational time, the reduced model is in very good accordance with the full system
Berger, Clément. "Fluides à seuil : interactions modèles et données." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ENSL0044.
Full textA viscoplastic fluid behaves like a rigid solid when the norm of the constraint tensor is low, then like a viscous fluid when it exceeds a given threshold. The corresponding mathematical models are non-differentiable and leave the constraint tensor undetermined in the rigid zones.There exist two types of strategy for numerical resolution : modify the constitutive law in order to regularize the equations, or use their variational formulation to obtain an equivalent non-smooth minimization problem. In this thesis, the second approach is used and different optimization methods are compared. First, the augmented Lagrangian method is confronted to proximal FISTA-like methods, using finite differences. The compromise between speed and stability is described through flows in expansion-contraction geometries, exhibiting topologically complex rigid zones. Then an interior point method is described, with its complete derivation and formulation in the Herschel-Bulkley case, along with the practical difficulties of this framework. Finally, we describe a viscoplastic lubrification model in a closed cavity, for which the equations are simplified. In order to accelerate the resolution of the PDE, a metamodel combining polynomial chaos and dimension reduction is introduced. The method is illustrated with parameters' estimations on synthetic data and physical experiments. The code and data necessary to reproduce and adapt the method are publicly available for practitioners
Maimouni, Houda. "Suivi des échanges d’eau dans un mortier de sable recyclé modèle à l’état frais par une approche rhéologique." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECDN0045.
Full textThe increased interest in concrete recycling results from a willingness to reconcile the construction industry with sustainability. Recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) consist of a mix of natural aggregates and attached cement. The high porosity of RCA modifies the effective water content of a recycled concrete at the expense of its fresh and hardened performances. A testing method based on spread measurements is suggested to follow quantitatively water transfers between RCA sand and a fresh cement paste. This protocol is tested on cement paste sands (CPS) having 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 water/cement ratios (W/C). Results show that the saturation degree of CPS embedded in a filler paste reaches a maximum no later than 6 minutes then remains quasiconstant. The saturation degree increases with the W/C of CPS ratios but remains less than 1. Moreover, similar water transfer kinetics are found whether initially dry CPS are immersed in a filler or a cement paste. The established protocol assumes a correlation between spread and effective water content of a mortar. In order to study this correlation, on the one hand, under the lubrication approximation, the yield stress of mortars is calculated from their spread radius. On the other hand, yield stress of mortars is calculated using a biphasic modelling of mortars viewed as non-colloidal suspensions in a yield stress fluid. Consistency between the two approaches is examined
Billy, Frédéric. "Analyse de l'effet des surfaces texturées dans un film mince : application aux joints d'étanchéités." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012160.
Full textUne première approche bidimensionnelle a permis la mise en évidence de l'apparition de deux phénomènes dus à la prise en compte des effets d'inerties : un effet de traînée provenant de la présence des cavités ainsi que l'existence d'un cisaillement fluide important au sein de la couche de mélange s'établissant au niveau de l'interface cavité-film mince. La validation des résultats numériques 2D a été réalisée avec succès grâce à la conception et la fabrication d'un banc d'essais original. Ce dispositif permet d'entreprendre des mesures PIV dans un écoulement de Couette en canal rainuré allant jusqu'à des régimes fortement turbulent (Re=10000). La modularité du montage a été prise en compte afin de pouvoir tester d'autres types de textures à l'avenir.
La deuxième étape a été la résolution des équations de Reynolds dans un canal équivalent où la texture est remplacée par son effet à travers une modification des lois de frottement du rotor et du stator, ainsi que par la prise en compte de l'effet de traînée comme un terme source. Des simulations tridimensionnelles, basée sur une configuration réaliste, ont été effectuées afin d'extraire les données nécessaires pour la modification des modèles de calcul du film mince. Les grandes différences par rapport aux anciens modèles sont que les lois de frottements du rotor et su stator sont calculées séparément et que la variation de l'épaisseur du film est prise en compte.
Les calculs montrent une amélioration des résultats pour les coefficients de raideur directe, de raideur croisée et d'amortissement direct, avec cependant une surestimation de ce dernier.
Freydier, Perrine. "Dynamique interne au front d'écoulements à surface libre. Application aux laves torrentielles." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU010/document.
Full textA depth-averaged model based on the thin-layer assumption, called Saint-Venant (Shallow-Water), is classically used to simulate the propagation and the spreading of debris and mud flows. It is based on several approximations concerning the shape of the velocity profile in non-uniform zones. We propose to test these hypotheses, examining a strongly non-uniform zone, the front of free-surface viscoplastic flows and the velocity field within this zone. By improving our knowledge about the internal dynamics in the front zone, we seek to improve the thin-layer models. This thesis therefore focuses on the study of the internal dynamics within the front of viscoplatic free-surface flows.We used the moving conveyor belt to generate stationary flows. We carried out a technical work on this set-up, and specific analysis of images obtained from the high-speed camera, in order to be able to measure velocity fields with a high resolution. The study of a Newtonian fluid was also carried out in order to validate the lubrication model and the experimental device.We compared experimental results to theoretical solutions of two thin-layer models taking into account the Herschel-Bulkley rheology: the classical model of lubrication, which is at the base of Saint-Venant model, and a consistent first-order model specifically developed in this thesis.The first-order model is equal to the zero-order model (lubrication), plus corrective terms derived from the normal stresses and inertia terms.In this study, for the purpose of comparison with our experimental results, we are interested in travelling-wave solutions. We are able to solve the shape of the front without using a depth-averaged model.Far from the front, experimental velocity profiles clearly display the characteristic 2-layer structure predicted by the lubrication solution, with constant values close to the free-surface (plug) and a sheared layer underneath. Closer to surge tip, the shape of experimental longitudinal velocity profilesthen begins to differ from the theoretical prediction. The 2-layer structure tends to disappear, and the profiles display shear across the whole depth ofthe flow. In this tip region, surface velocity also appears to increase faster than its theoretical counterpart. Surface velocity predicted by the first-order model increase more drastically in the tip region, in better agreement with the measurements than the lubrication model. The first-order model predicts a sheared velocity profile when approaching the front, as observed experimentally.The consistent first-order model then provides better predictions about internal dynamics than lubrication model. A depth-integrated model like Saint-Venant, based on consistent first-order developments is then calculated, as a first step before being integrated into an operational simulation tool
Lambert, Baptiste. "Modelling and Simulations of Contacts in Particle-Laden Flows." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0190/document.
Full textParticle-laden flows can be found in many industrial applications such as slurry transport or the chemical industry in general. In mixtures made of solid particles emerged in a viscous fluid, particle interactions play an essential role in the overall mixture viscosity. The suspension phenomenon is caused by short-range hydrodynamic interactions, known as lubrication. Lubrication forces are usually underestimated due to their singularities and the spatial discretization of the numerical schemes. In this thesis, we propose a lubrication model for a coupled volume penalization method and discrete element method solver that estimates the unresolved hydrodynamic forces and torques in incompressible Navier-Stokes flows. Corrections are made locally on the surfaces of the interacting particles without any assumption on the global particle shapes. The final version of the local lubrication model can be used for suspension of convex particles without any tabulations. The numerical method has been validated against experimental data with spherical and ellipsoidal particles. With spherical particles, the lubrication model performs as well as existing numerical models that are limited to this specific particle shape. The model compatibility with convex particles has been validated by comparing simulations using ellipsoids to experimental measurements we made
Strubel, Vincent. "Particle entrapment in EHD contacts - Aerospace applications." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI098/document.
Full textContact lubrication is essential in a wide range of mechanical systems like rolling element bearings (REBs). A minimum quantity of clean lubricant all along the bearing life is necessary but difficult to ensure. In fact, lubricants contain inevitably wear debris or external particles, like dust. Carried by the lubricant in the vicinity of elastohydrodynamic (EHD) contacts, particles can be entrapped with disastrous consequences for contacting surfaces. Entrapment of micrometric particles in submicrometric contacting gaps means irreversible damages for the surfaces. Damages weaken the surfaces and reduce significantly the REBs lifetime. The goal of this work is to analyze the critical particle entrainments in the contact inlet. Entrapment of steel spherical particles was investigated from the numerical and experimental point of view. Firstly, the phenomenology of entrapment was explored with a new experimental method based on Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique installed on a tribometer. It enabled the evaluation of velocity profiles in the contact inlet and the tracking of particles within EHD contacts. Secondly, a numerical modelling of the inlet flow for EHD contacts, including the particle tracking, was developed. Finally, tests on a twin-disc machine with a controlled level of well-defined contamination were conducted to validate previous conclusions. A first set of results showed that particle entrapment is highly dependent on the lubricant velocity profile. Depending on contact geometry, from point to wide elliptical contacts, different entrapment probability were revealed. Surprisingly, increasing contact width with wide elliptical contacts leads to a drop of entrapped particles. It was demonstrated that this phenomenon is due to backflows occurring upstream from these contacts. Introducing a hybrid pair of contacting materials (silicon nitride–steel), dents on the surfaces due to entrapped particles were explored. It has been confirmed that silicon nitride surface offers a real ability to resist to indentation. It was also noticed that the entrapment probability for silicon nitride–steel contacts is equivalent to a steel–steel one
Grec, Bérénice. "Fluides complexes en films minces." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00351462.
Full text* le caractère complexe des fluides eux-mêmes, comme pour des fluides non-newtoniens ;
* l'hétérogénéité de l'écoulement, dans le cas de mélanges de fluides par exemple.
Il est important d'analyser comment ces modèles peuvent être simplifiés dans le cas de domaines minces, et d'étudier rigoureusement les modèles approchés.
Dans une première partie, des écoulements de fluides non newtoniens visco-élastiques représentés par une loi de comportement de type Oldroyd-B couplée aux équations de Navier-Stokes sont étudiés. Dans le cas de géométries minces, un modèle approché a été proposé. On justifie la validité de cette approximation ; la démonstration repose sur des estimations et des résultats de régularité fins.
Dans une deuxième partie, on considère un modèle d'écoulement piezovisqueux utilisé en lubrification hydrodynamique. Ce modèle fait aussi intervenir la déformation élastohydrodynamique du domaine (déformation du type Hertz), et l'aspect diphasique de la cavitation, qui est décrit par le modèle d'Elrod-Adams (en pression-saturation). On montre l'existence d'une solution à ce problème pour des lois pression-viscosité réalistes.
Dans une troisième partie, on introduit un modèle diphasique à interface diffuse, permettant de rendre compte de phénomènes plus fins tels que les gouttes. Pour cela, un paramètre d'ordre est introduit (fraction volumique d'une phase dans le mélange), gouverné par le modèle de Cahn-Hilliard. Un système approché est obtenu de manière heuristique pour un domaine de faible épaisseur. On étudie les propriétés mathématiques de ce système, et on montre un résultat d'existence, avec prise en compte ou non de la tension de surface.
Dans la dernière partie, un schéma numérique est mis en place pour simuler le modèle décrit précédemment d'écoulements diphasiques en domaines minces. Il permet de prendre en compte différents phénomènes physiques, comme de grandes variations de la viscosité ou la présence de recirculations à l'intérieur d'une goutte, ainsi que de simuler des mélanges dans le cadre d'écoulements lubrifiés.
Villavicencio, Rojas Maria Daniela. "Predictive modelling of the tribological behaviour of self-lubricating composite materials." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI040.
Full textIn self-lubricating composite materials, the generation of a stable third body layer is necessary to ensure contact lubrication. This is specially true for the contact in which these materials are directly involved, and also in other contacts implicating its counterface. Such type of lubrication is possible in self-lubricating bearings thanks to its cage material, which is made of the self-lubricating composite, while the rest of the bearing is usually made of AISI 440C. For space applications, RT/Duroid 5813 is a recognized self-lubricating composite cage material for this kind of bearings. This material has been widely used not only because of the space heritage, but also because it has satisfied the needs of space dry lubrication. However, the production of this material has been stopped in the 90’s, and it has placed the latter out of the market. This situation has led to the search for an equivalent material, that meets both the needs of the space market and the "tribological needs." Today, the main inconvenient related to these materials is the lack of predictability of their tribological behaviour. In this work, the "making of" a coupled numerical-experimental approach has been proposed in order to carry out the understanding of these materials. The goal of this numerical approach is to let to "complement" the limitations of a fully experimental or a fully numerical approach (the confined nature of the contact does not allow in situ observation). Such numerical approach has been informed with experimental test (as X-ray tomography for the creation of the numerical morphology, or atomic force microscopy to inform the value of adhesion between the components). Among all the self-lubricating materials, PGM-HT has been selected in this study because its coarse morphology let to build a numerical version of the material (with the resolution of the X-ray tomograph used in this work). Nevertheless, the approach that has been proposed here to build the numerical model, can be extended to other self-lubricating composite materials. The numerical model developed in this work opens new perspectives in terms of material design, as it makes it possible to directly study the scenarios of damage and wear of self-lubricating composite materials. From a general point of view, from this work it can be highlighted that numerical tribology is a tool that offers multiple possibilities in the understanding of self-lubricating materials, and that helps in the predictionof the tribological behaviour of self-lubricating materials. This work has then let to advance in the understanding of these materials
Meziane, Bilel. "Film thickness build-up in highly loaded lubricated contacts under Zero Entrainment Velocity condition." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI005.
Full textHighly loaded lubricated contacts are often studied in rolling/sliding conditions. In those cases, the entrainment of lubricant in a so-called “oil wedge” explains the existence of a separating film thickness. However, in a number of industrial applications, the contact is subjected to opposite surface velocities. In such cases, there is a Zero Entrainment Velocity (defined as the average velocity of the two surfaces) of the fluid. The film thickness prediction formulae developed in the literature for rolling contacts are unusable. In this thesis, the physical phenomena leading to a film build-up under Zero Entrainment Velocity condition are elucidated. A finite element model is used in order to facilitate in-situ measurements. It aims to describe the behaviour of the contact in thermal and transient conditions. In the stationary regime, the numerical values are compared with a very good agreement to a set of results obtained via a tailored experimental campaign. This dual approach enables a quantitative description of the influence of the contact load, surface velocities and external temperature on the film thickness under ZEV condition. Then, the relative influence of the thermal and squeeze effects is studied. Depending on the ratio between the characteristic loading time and the characteristic thermal time, these two effects can show a beneficial synergy for the contact
Danos, Jean-Christophe. "Lubrification thermohydrodynamique dans les joints d'étanchéité à faces radiales." Poitiers, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000POIT2330.
Full textDamiens, Bruno. "Modélisation de la lubrification sous-alimentée dans les contacts élastohydrodynamiques elliptiques." Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2003ISAL0037/these.pdf.
Full textThe life of lubricated mechanisms is a function of the lubricant film thickness separating the contacting solids. The degree of lubricant starvation affects this film thickness and the life of the mechanisms. A free boundary model has been adopted. The lubricant distribution in the inlet of the contact is used as a boundary condition. The "multigrid" and "Multi-Level Multi-Integral" techniques, used to solve the equations describing the problem, are briefly exposed. The pressure field and the deformed geometry of the surfaces are obtained on the computational domain. This solution allows the validation of an analytical model developed to study the ejection flow and to quantify this flow in the boundary layer surrounding the contact. The flow is governed by the width of the boundary layer. This width, determines the contact response to a lubricant starvation. The dimensionless width can also be used to predict the persistence of local lubricant starvation, in a particular mechanism
Chambat, Michèle. "Contribution à la modélisation en lubrification hydrodynamique : phénomènes de cavitation et études asymptotiques pour un écoulement entre des surfaces rugueuses." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10021.
Full textBoukrouche, Mahdi. "Contribution à la modélisation de problèmes à frontière libre, issus de la lubrification hydrodynamique : phénomènes de Hele-Shaw et de cavitation." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10003.
Full textCassarini, Stéphane. "Modélisation du film lubrifiant dans la zone d’entrée, pour la lubrification par émulsion en laminage à froid." Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://pastel.paristech.org/3032/01/Thése-Cassarini.pdf.
Full textWhen using an emulsion as a lubricant, one often observes a speed range with stable working conditions, namely friction remains approximately constant. But at higher speeds in some cases, above a critical speed in the m/s range, accelerating increases friction. As a consequence, the rolling mill cannot reasonably work at higher speed, limiting expected productivity gains. Why does friction increase, and how to avoid it? To answer this question, we try to relate global observations in strip rolling (“average friction”, Reich et al. ) and lubricant film thickness measurements by Zhu et al. In a rather different context: Elasto-Hydrodynamics (EHD). Indeed, we consider that the behaviour observed in EHD provides a viable explanation to emulsion behaviour in strip rolling. To confirm this analogy between two sharply different situations, we turned to modelling. It is necessary to analyze the mechanisms which contribute to the formation of the lubricant film in both cases. The literature offers two kinds of diphasic thin lubricant film models: Szeri's and Wilson's. We completed and coupled them, noting that each may represent correctly the conditions prevailing in the diverse parts of the contact. In lubrication, the model developed shows that emulsification-related properties, such as the size of the oil droplets and their capacity to wet the solid surfaces and form a significant "plate – out film", are much more influential than oil-related properties (viscosity)
Rabehanta, H. Roger. "Contribution à l'étude de la lubrification d'un contact de matériaux à faible module d'élasticité en régime hydrodynamique et élastohydrodynamique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600590j.
Full textSeoudi, Tarek. "Non-intrusive CdSe-based quantum dots for sensing pressure and temperature in lubricated contacts." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI009.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the measurement of local pressure and temperature and to compare the heat generation in all-steel and silicon nitride-steel (hybrid) elastohydrodynamic (EHD) contacts. The ultimate goal of this work is to develop a new non-intrusive in situ technique, exploiting the sensitivity of the photoluminescence (PL) of CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) to pressure and temperature. Dispersible in small concentration in lubricants, it is shown that the QDs doesn’t modify the rheological behavior of the carrier fluid and that shearing is not perturbative to the QDs PL response. The calibration of QDs in the suspension confirms the QDs PL dependence on temperature and pressure. The in situ measurements were conducted in EHD contacts using a ball-on-disc test rig. Comparisons between pressure and temperature measurements and predictions, using an in–house finite element thermal EHD model, showed a good agreement which demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed methodology. The effects of sliding and normal loading on pressure, temperature and heat generation are indicated. The effect of the thermal properties of the solid materials is underlined and the partition of the generated heat between the contacting solids is investigated. The energy equilibrium between the mechanical energy and the internal thermal energy generated by compression and shearing is demonstrated by comparing experimental power losses and numerical heat generation, in steel-steel and hybrid contacts
Jaï, Mohammed. "Analyse numérique d'un schéma aux différences finies "mixtes" L. P. D. E. M. Et d'un algorithme de cavitation." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO19005.
Full textServant, Annette. "Butée à patins oscillants." Lyon, INSA, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ISAL0077.
Full textRouby, Corinne. "Modélisation du contact bille-papier, de l'écoulement d'encre dans un systèmed 'écriture et simulation de la trace." Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENPC0833.
Full textNonato, Fábio 1985. "Modelo dinamico para o contato em mancais de elementos rolantes sujeito a lubrificação elastohidrodinamica." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263812.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T16:47:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nonato_Fabio_M.pdf: 2576321 bytes, checksum: 620be5d1e8be22816a88e01fd2596425 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Com a necessidade da diminuição do tempo de projeto, a utilização de modelos computacionais para simulação de componentes mecânicos se torna rota obrigatória para se evitar excessivos testes físicos. Com base nesta premissa, se torna necessário estudar a dinâmica de componentes anteriormente considerados rígidos, como mancais de elementos rolantes, e assim conhecer sua influência sobre o sistema completo. Assim, utilizando um modelo por diferenças finitas em múltiplos níveis, foi avaliada a condição de lubrificação no contato em rolamentos sujeitos a lubrificação Elastohidrodinâmica (EHD) transiente. Desta forma foi possível caracterizar dinamicamente o contato, aproximando o filme de óleo a um conjunto de mola e amortecedor não lineares. Portanto introduz-se um elo flexível ao mancal, possibilitando a sua análise dinâmica como parte do sistema.
Abstract: With the need of time reduction on mechanical projects, the use of computational models for the analysis of mechanical components becomes mandatory in order to avoid excessive physical tests. Based on this assumption, is necessary to study the dynamic of previously assumed rigid components, as the rolling elements bearings, and thus knowing its influence on the complete system. Utilizing a multi-level finite difference method, the lubrication condition on the contact in bearings under Elastohydrodynamic (EHD) transient lubrication was evaluated. Therefore the dynamic characterization of the contact was possible, adjusting the oil film to a nonlinear spring-damper set. Hence a flexible joint is introduced in the bearing, making it possible its dynamic analyses as part of the system.
Mestrado
Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Trunfio, Ana-Maria. "MODELE BIO-TRIBOLOGIQUE DES ARTICULATIONS. ROLE MECANIQUE ET PHYSICOCHIMIQUE DES ASSEMBLAGES MOLECULAIRES DU FLUIDE SYNOVIAL." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00137339.
Full textCe modèle reconstitue ex vivo les propriétés mécaniques et physico-chimiques des cartilages articulaires en utilisant un matériau polymérique de type hydrogel.
Le modèle reconstitue aussi ex vivo les assemblages moléculaires du fluide synovial (multicouches lipidiques et vésicules du gel synovial) en utilisant des techniques de physique nanostructurale comme le dépôt lipidique par éclatement de vésicules et par la co-adsorption des micelles, la fabrication des liposomes et la microscopie de force atomique. L'évolution de ces assemblages moléculaires est visualisée in situ, au cours d'essais de frottement, par microscopie optique en fluorescence obtenue avec des marqueurs moléculaires.
Les résultats expérimentaux corrélés avec un modèle numérique des multicouches lipidiques (dynamique moléculaire) permettent de localiser où et comment s'effectue le glissement dans les assemblages moléculaires de la synovie ce qui contribue à expliquer l'origine des valeurs de frottement mesurées. Par exemple, si le glissement se localise dans le gel synovial le coefficient de frottement est de 0.15, alors qu'il n'est que de 0.0015 lorsqu'il se localise dans les multicouches lipidiques.
Sur le plan appliqué, d'autres résultats montrent que l'hydrogel, simulant le cartilage, favorise la formation et le maintien des multicouches lipidiques, ce qui n'est pas le cas avec l'acier et le polyéthylène des implants. Cela permet d'expliquer les différences de comportement tribologique dans les deux cas. Enfin, la mise en évidence d'une interdépendance entre les propriétés mécaniques et les propriétés physicochimiques de l'hydrogel a été exploitée pour comprendre des phénomènes mécaniques (variation du module d'élasticité, usure....) liées à l'évolution des pathologies.
Denni, Martin. "Dynamic behaviour of cylindrical roller bearing working in a centrifugal field for planetary gearbox applications." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI096.
Full textWith the constant aim of reducing the turbofan consumption, aircraft manufacturers try to reach higher efficiency by increasing the compressor-turbine speed. In order to limit the fan speed, a planetary gearbox is introduced between the fan and the compressor. Because of their good oil-off performance, roller bearings are often preferred over hydrodynamic bearings for aircraft applications. However, in the case of planetary gearboxes, the roller bearings are submitted to severe centrifugal forces which cause significant power losses and premature cage fatigue that may lead to overall bearing failure. The present work consists in the development of a numerical model for the understanding of the dynamic behaviour of a cylindrical roller bearing working in a centrifugal field. Multi-body dynamics is used, coupled with semi-analytical contact models accounting for the different lubrication regimes encountered in the bearing. In addition, a finite element model is developed to account for the outer ring flexibility that may affect the bearing dynamics. Results are presented for a typical planetary gearbox application in terms of force, speed and power losses. Severe roller/cage impacts are observed and the mechanisms that cause the high power losses and the cage fatigue are explained. The influence of the main model hypothesis is presented. Finally, a study of the influence of the different parameters on the force amplitude and the bearing loaded zone shape and position is performed
Nonato, Fábio 1985. "Modelo dinâmico para mancais de elementos rolantes radiais de esferas considerando os efeitos da lubrificação elastohidrodinâmica." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/262999.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
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Resumo: A representação dinâmica dos contatos mecânicos em modelos computacionais de mancais de elementos rolantes baseia-se comumente no clássico modelo de Hertz para o contato seco, mesmo sendo a presença de um meio lubrificante imperativa para evitar o desgaste prematuro destes componentes. Desta maneira, os efeitos dinâmicos da presença de um filme fluídico nas interfaces de contato são desconsiderados, quando tais mancais são lubrificados por óleo. Com o intuito de introduzir tais efeitos em um modelo de mancal de elementos rolantes de esferas, este trabalho propõe um método baseado na aproximação dinâmica das características de cada contato lubrificado por vínculos de rigidez não linear e amortecimento viscoso. Estes vínculos dinâmicos são caracterizados a partir da resposta dinâmica da simulação completa do contato elastohidrodinâmico (EHD) elíptico, através da implementação de um integrador temporal que utiliza o método de diferenças finitas em múltiplos níveis para solução da parcela hidrodinâmica do problema. Posteriormente, aplica-se a aproximação do contato EHD por vínculos não lineares a um modelo do mancal radial de esferas, de dois graus de liberdade, com o intuito de analisar vibrações transversais no mancal, em modelos computacionais de máquinas rotativas. A comparação entre os resultados obtidos pelo modelo proposto e os valores obtidos pelo equacionamento completo por diferenças finitas mostrou ser adequada à representação do comportamento estacionário e dinâmico do contato. Observa-se a presença do enrijecimento do mancal devido à presença do filme EHD, quando analisando a resposta do mancal linearizado, efeito observável anteriormente apenas em investigações experimentais. Por fim, a integração temporal de um modelo de elementos finitos de um rotor apoiado por mancais lubrificados representou adequadamente o comportamento em frequência de uma montagem experimental de rotor. Conclui-se, portanto, que o modelo não linear proposto para o mancal de elementos rolantes radiais de esfera, sob influência da lubrificação EHD, é promissor para descrever o comportamento destes componentes quando em aplicação
Abstract: The dynamic representation of mechanical contacts in computational models of rolling element bearings is commonly based on the classic Hertz's model for the dry contact, even though the presence of a lubricant medium being essential to avoid premature wear of such components. Thus, the dynamic effects of the fluid film on the contacting interfaces are overlooked when such bearings are under oil lubrication. With the intent of introducing such effects in a radial deep groove ball bearing model, this work proposes a method based on the dynamic approximation of each lubricated contact by dynamic links of non-linear stiffness and viscous damping. Such dynamic links are characterized from the response of a complete dynamic simulation of the elastohydrodynamic (EHD) elliptic contact, through an implementation of a numerical integrator, which uses the multi-level finite difference method for the solution of the hydrodynamic portion of the problem. Afterwards, the approximation of each contact by dynamic links is applied to a complete rolling element bearing model, with two degrees of freedom, with the intent of analyzing transverse vibrations on the bearings applied to rotating machinery computational models. The comparison between the results attained through the proposed model and the values simulated using the complete finite difference model showed an adequate representation of the stationary and dynamic behaviors of the contact. When evaluating the linearized bearing model, the presence of fluid stiffening is observed, which was previously only observed through experimental investigations. Lastly, the time integration of a finite element model of a rotor supported by lubricated bearings portrayed the frequency content of an experimental set-up of the rotor adequately. It is concluded that the proposed nonlinear model for the deep grove ball bearing, under the influence of the EHD lubrication, is promising to describe the behavior of such components when on application
Doutorado
Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico
Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica
Song, Xi. "Reactive imcompressible flow with interfaces : macroscopic models and applications to self-healing composite materials." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0149/document.
Full textIn this work, we are interested in the ceramic matrix composite materials(CMCs) who will be used to integrate the combustion chambers of future civil aeronautical engines. To face extreme conditions, these materials possess the peculiarity to auto-protect itself towards the oxidation by the formation of an oxide passivate which limits the distribution of the oxidizing species within the matrix cracks. We model the flow of an oxide in a crack by the Navier-Stokes equation, then put them under an asymptotic analysis in order to get two types of asymptotic models : models of Saint-Venant (Shallow water model) and lubrication models. Next we are interested in looking for the existence of weak solution to the one-dimensional approximated lubrication equation of order 4 obtained before. Finally we talk about the limit between the Saint-Venant equations and the lubrication equation
Corneci, Magdalena Carla. "Fonctionnement tribologique des articulations synoviales pathologiques : Rôle des interfaces phospholipidiques." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAL0083.
Full textIn order to improve the effectiveness of joint diseases’ treatments, given their complexity and magnitude, recent studies have highlighted the role of lipid assemblies associated with the discontinuous structure of the synovial fluid (SF) in the tribological performance of joint operation. Thus, an ex vivo tribological model (AM Sfarghiu, PhD thesis, 2006) providing a "basic pattern" for joint biolubrification was developed. It consists of the stack of phospholipidic interfaces and aqueous layers. Using this model, the objective of this work was to study the evolution of phospholipidic interfaces of SF within pathological state. Therefore, a nano-bio-tribological methodology combining biochemical, physicochemical, nano-mechanical and tribological analysis was used. The results of these analyses show: the influence of even small rubbing surfaces’ roughness characteristics of early stage illness and that of phospholipidic interfaces’ properties (related to their composition change) on the mechanical strength, changes in friction and in situ degradation of lipidic assemblies of pathological SF. The tribological operation is highlighted by enzymes’ associated with diseases. Thus, joint operation depends on the mechanical strength of phospholipidic interfaces and to obtain very low friction coefficients, velocity accommodation must be done at the level of hydration layers surrounding ions in the aqueous solution. These results would therefore allow better understanding of the evolution of phospholipidic interfaces in joint diseases and of the proper cause/consequence sequence responsible for a joint disease in order to develop more effective, targeted and non prosthetic treatments
Jarnias, Frédéric. "Modélisation de l'usure d'un système de distribution de moteur automobile : application à l'étude de l'écaillage de fatigue des cames en fonte blanche d'une distribution par culbuteurs basculants." Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD369.
Full textBrossier, Pierre. "Combined analytical and empirical modelling of power losses in rolling element bearings." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI081.
Full textThe development of the transport industry has led to design lighter and more efficient transmission systems. The components within these transmissions have to withstand the transmitted loads in closer environments. As the housing has become more compact than ever, the cooling system has also become more complex. In that context, Rolling Element Bearings (REBs) are required to produce less heat, to work closer to the gear meshes while having higher life-expectancies. The calculation of REB power loss is essential to quantity the amount of injected oil to cool off these components. This study therefore aims at providing tools to model REB power loss and their thermal behaviour. As a first step, a bibliographical survey was conducted on REB power losses, including local and global models. A dedicated test rig has been used to analyse the power losses and the thermal behaviour of Deep Groove Ball Bearings. The influence of rotational speed, load, oil injection temperature, oil flow rate and lubrication design has been investigated. The above-mentioned global models have been compared to the experimental data. Finally, a REB thermal model has been developed in order to understand the influence of heat-transfer within REBs on power losses. Comparisons between different lubrication designs and between different geometries have been done. A new formulation to better take into account the REB geometry in the global models has been proposed
Bellahmar, Mohamed. "Modélisation du comportement dynamique d'un palier de groupe turbo-alternateur dans des conditions de fonctionnement limite." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20042.
Full textPolitis, Konstantinos. "Développement de modèles numériques de tension superficielle pour la simulation d'écoulements avec interface à l'aide d'une formulation multi-fluides." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ECDN0021.
Full textAir Lubrication methods are regarded by the scientific community as the next major technological breakthrough in Naval Engineering to achieve the reduction of drag in commercial vessels. The accurate modeling of the physical phenomena governing the drag reduction mechanisms of Air Lubrication methods, namely, the dynamics of surface tension, the instabilities of the air-water interfaces and air entrainment, are imperative for the design of air-lubricated hulls. To that end, we have implemented to ISIS-CFD several programming tools, interface reconstruction schemes and surface tension modeling. Two new surface tension methods were developed. Both use a global interface reconstruction scheme and are coupled with the compressive discretization volume fraction schemes for the unstructured finite volume formulation that the flow solver ISIS-CFD is based on. The results demonstrate that complicated dynamic interactions of either a single or multiple interfaces can be accurately captured. In the context of a future research study, the proposed approaches could lead to the further enhancement of the modeling capabilities of ISISCFD by introducing a macroscopic air entrainment model and eventually the assessment of different physical effects encountered in lubricated naval vessels using ISIS-CFD
Corneci, Magdalena. "Fonctionnement tribologique des articulations synoviales pathologiques : rôle des interfaces phospholipidiques." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00766779.
Full textBenali, Abdelkader. "Comportement dynamique des butées hydrodynamiques." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2011.
Full textFillot, Nicolas. "Modélisation numérique multi-échelles des contacts lubrifiés." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00932361.
Full textSavio, Daniele. "Nanoscale phenomena in lubrication : From atomistic simulations to their integration into continuous models." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961197.
Full textGuillaument, Romain. "Modélisation globale de l'alimentation d'une emprise lubrifiée par émulsion : simulation numérique directe et analyse physique des phénomènes." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14166/document.
Full textThe scope of this dissertation is to model and simulate non-miscible multiphase °ows. Theimpact of several emulsion droplet on the wetting steel strip is simulated. So, the method ofsmooth VOF based on Eulerian "Volume Of Fluid" approach which is particulary adapted tointerfacial °ows is developed. The new method SVOF allows to calculate the curvature with abetter precison than other method. A wettability model and a triple line model are developedto calculate the capillary forces. This models and this methods validated on the experimentaldata and used to simulate the Plate-Out and the macroscopic °ows in neighbourhood of coldrolling system