Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modèle agent'
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Meurisse, Thomas. "Simulation multi-agent : du modèle à l'opérationnalisation." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066564.
Full textMaudet, Adrien. "Interactions entre niveaux dans un modèle orienté agent de généralisation cartographique : Le modèle DIOGEN." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1055/document.
Full textMaps show geographic information of a given area in a simplified way, particularly when the scale is small. The simplification process, called cartographic generalisation, is submitted to several constraints : legibility, adequation to the abstraction level, and consistency with reality. The will to automate the maps creation process from geographical databases led to the creation of algorithms allowing the simplification object by object. However the choice of the algorithms, as their settings, are influenced by the object on which it is applied, and by the other objects in relation with this object (e.g. a building close to another one, a road parallel to a buildings alignment). This motivates the use of multi-agents models for automated map generalisation. Several multi-agent models were proposed, each of them having a different approach to manage multi-levels relations. Here, what we call a level is, for instance, the distinction between individual agents, like a building, and agents representing a group of other agents, like a urban block composed by the surrounding roads and buildings inside.We study the unification of existing models, using the multi-level paradigm PADAWAN, in order to simplify interactions between agents in different levels. We propose the DIOGEN model, in which the principle of interactions between agents of different levels is adapted to cartographic generalisation guided by constraints, those allowing to unify the existing models AGENT, CartACom and GAEL, and giving promising features.We evaluate our proposal on different case studies. Among them, we study the generalisation of trekking maps, where the routes are symbolized individually by a different couloured line symbols, like on bus maps. The presence of several route symbols on a same road leads to specific generalisation issues, like the choice of the side of each route symbol position, or the implications for the other objects on the map (e.g. points of interest, buildings) under the route symbol – issues tackled using our proposal of formal multi-levels representation.This work leads us to the identification of recurrent behaviours. We express them as analysis patterns, in a way that is independent from cartographic generalisation and constraint solving problems
Bensaïd, Nourredine. "Contribution à la réalisation d'un modèle d'architecture multi-agent hiérarchique." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-155.pdf.
Full textL'architecture de contrôle de MAGIQUE vise à supporter des applications complexes mettant en oeuvre un grand nombre d'agents moyennant des méthodes de communication récursives et un contrôle efficace. Des instanciations de notre modèle sont présentées pour illustrer son fonctionnement. Nous proposons notamment un système de gestion des moteurs d'inférence repartis illustrant la coopération d'un ensemble d'agents ayant des capacités d'inférence différentes. A cet effet, l'application multi-expert développée est constituée d'agents spécialistes dont les moteurs d'inférence peuvent fonctionner en chaînage avant, en chaînage arrière, ou même dans différentes logiques
Nous avons aussi appliqué notre architecture à la simulation de l'exploration d'un territoire inconnu par un ensemble de robots autonomes. Ces derniers sont représentés par des agents spécialistes qui possèdent leur propre stratégie d'exploration et qui coopèrent entre-eux directement ou indirectement via leur superviseur afin d'explorer la totalité du territoire. Les superviseurs possèdent de plus un mécanisme de régulation de charge qui permet d'équilibrer le travail des spécialistes. En conclusion, le modèle d'architecture multi-agent hiérarchique présenté à travers MAGIQUE concilie à la fois l'efficacité d'un contrôle hiérarchique, la possibilité d'appréhender l'état global d'un groupe d'agents via la structure tableau noir du superviseur, et tous les avantages de l'approche de résolution basée sur des agents autonomes. Notre modèle hiérarchique se révèle adapté pour supporter des applications client/serveur physiquement distribuées, et apporte des avantages multiples en terme de fiabilité, d'efficacité et d'adaptativité. Dans le futur, nous pensons appliquer notre architecture au problème de navigation d'un usager distant géographiquement dans un magasin virtuel
Truong, Minh Thai. "To Develop a Database Management Tool for Multi-Agent Simulation Platform." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10003/document.
Full textRecently, there has been a shift from modeling driven approach to data driven approach inAgent Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS). This trend towards the use of data-driven approaches in simulation aims at using more and more data available from the observation systems into simulation models (Edmonds and Moss, 2005; Hassan, 2009). In a data driven approach, the empirical data collected from the target system are used not only for the design of the simulation models but also in initialization, calibration and evaluation of the output of the simulation platform such as e.g., the water resource management and assessment system of the French Adour-Garonne Basin (Gaudou et al., 2013) and the invasion of Brown Plant Hopper on the rice fields of Mekong River Delta region in Vietnam (Nguyen et al., 2012d). That raises the question how to manage empirical data and simulation data in such agentbased simulation platform. The basic observation we can make is that currently, if the design and simulation of models have benefited from advances in computer science through the popularized use of simulation platforms like Netlogo (Wilensky, 1999) or GAMA (Taillandier et al., 2012), this is not yet the case for the management of data, which are still often managed in an ad hoc manner. Data management in ABM is one of limitations of agent-based simulation platforms. Put it other words, such a database management is also an important issue in agent-based simulation systems. In this thesis, I first propose a logical framework for data management in multi-agent based simulation platforms. The proposed framework is based on the combination of Business Intelligence solution and a multi-agent based platform called CFBM (Combination Framework of Business intelligence and Multi-agent based platform), and it serves several purposes: (1) model and execute multi-agent simulations, (2) manage input and output data of simulations, (3) integrate data from different sources; and (4) analyze high volume of data. Secondly, I fulfill the need for data management in ABM by the implementation of CFBM in the GAMA platform. This implementation of CFBM in GAMA also demonstrates a software architecture to combine Data Warehouse (DWH) and Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) technologies into a multi-agent based simulation system. Finally, I evaluate the CFBM for data management in the GAMA platform via the development of a Brown Plant Hopper Surveillance Models (BSMs), where CFBM is used ii not only to manage and integrate the whole empirical data collected from the target system and the data produced by the simulation model, but also to calibrate and validate the models.The successful development of the CFBM consists not only in remedying the limitation of agent-based modeling and simulation with regard to data management but also in dealing with the development of complex simulation systems with large amount of input and output data supporting a data driven approach
Grondin, Guillaume. "MaDcAr-Agent : un modèle d'agents auto-adaptables à base de composants." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00775866.
Full textLacomme, Laurent. "Un modèle générique pour les organisations dynamiques en univers multi-agent." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENM067/document.
Full textMultiagent systems (MAS) are composed of interacting autonomous entities called agents. Their behaviors and interactions take part in the generation of a global functionality in the system. The notion of organization describes the structural and functional aspects of such systems: it includes the objectives of each agent, the way they can interact and create relationships and their importance in the system's global function. These concepts are usually formalized through notions derived from human and animal organizations: roles, groups, norms… However, an important part of MAS' organization can only be partially described with these notions: dynamics. In open MAS – where agents can enter or exit the system at any time, and where their number and characteristics are often not known at the time of the system's design – and in self-organized MAS – where the system's structure evolves with relation to context and environment – organization's dynamics is very difficult to formally describe with these high-level notions. In this thesis, we propose a model for MAS organizations' description, which is focused toward the description of a wide range of systems and the modeling of both their static and dynamic aspects. In order to achieve this, we ground our model on an approach based on emergence and computation. We then create a model based on three basic, low-level, typed static elements: agents, relations and tasks, and one low-level dynamic element: organizational mechanisms. We then propose some methods for organization description based on our model and the principle of system's constraints aggregation. We also provide some computational methods allowing the calculation of some global properties over described organizations, in order to provide a methodological help for MAS design and analysis. We then apply our model and the proposed methods on practical applications in order to show its pertinence in MAS organizations' formalization and comparison
Frezza-Buet, Hervé. "Un modèle de cortex pour le comportement motivé d'un agent neuromimétique autonome." Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10246.
Full textBen, Larbi Ramzi. "Un modèle pour la prise de décision multi-agent sous incertitude stricte." Thesis, Artois, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ARTO0407/document.
Full textThe informative context in which an agent evolves is extremely important when she elaborates her futurebehaviour. A rational agent must base her choices on the available information. In realistic applications,the information is often rare and imprecise. Many models have been introduced to caracterize rationaldecision in each possible informative context. This thesis is about the elaboration of a model that allowsan agent to make rational decisions in an extremely poor informative context. The only informationthat is available to an agent about her actions’ consequences is the result set of each of her actions. Noinformation about which consequence of any action will eventually happen is available. The agent issupposed to be selfish (which means that her own interest is her only concern) and autonomous. Sheevolves in an environment in which she coexists with other agents (that are as selfish and autonomous asher). An agent action may inflence those of other agents. We used the following approach to build ourmodel. First, we caracterized the rational decision criteria for an agent to use in the context of completeignorance. Then we extended these criteria, by using game theory concepts, to a multiagent environment.Finally, the planning framework is an excellent framework to represent the introduced concepts
Hoang, Thi Thanh Ha. "Un modèle multi-agent récursif générique pour simplifier la supervision de systèmes complexes artificiels décentralisés." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENM033/document.
Full textObservation of large scale artificials systems is difficult because of their dimension and their openness. This thesis proposes a model SMA-R (Recursive Multi-Agent Systems) based on recursion for multi-level observation of artificial complex systems. From a given SMA, this model is able to build multi-level of abstractions. The model's agent has a module containning knowledge, skills and context of recursion, an eye to observe changes; two mechanisms to build or destroy an abstract level, a module of recursive interaction to support collective and individual behaviors. For applying this model to SMA physically decentralized, we proposed a generic decentralized architecture for recursive agent by adopting the concepts of the OSI model which offerts forward capabilities that we look for: multi-level encapsulation, exchange of virtual and physical messages ... A generic decentralized framework was developed allowing applicatives agents to build multi-levels observation. This framework is applied to the observation of a wireless sensor network
Yoo, Min-Jung. "Une approche componentielle pour la modélisation d'agents coopératifs et leur validation." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066652.
Full textGlisse, Jérôme. "Simulation d'un modèle darwinien de différenciation cellulaire." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066051.
Full textFagart, Marie-Cécile. "Concurrence, asymétrie d'information et théorie des incitations : quelques développements du modèle principal-agent." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010044.
Full textThis work is dealing with asymmetry of information in pricipal-agent shemes, when several competitive pricinpals coexist. In a first time, a principal-agent framework is presented. In particular, we are interesting with the fact that reservation utility may depend on private information. In a second time we summary the conclusions of the literature, which studies markets caracterized by asymmetry of information. The work of rothschild and stiglitz is extendes. With some hypotheses, the competitive contrat doesn't depend on asymmetry of information. Then, dynamic of contracts in a repeated framework is studied. After a summary of literature, we deal with a repeated game. Competition looks like a way to commit in the future
Buisson, Jocelyn. "Un modèle d'environnement pour la simulation multi-agents des déplacements en milieu urbain." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BELF0252/document.
Full textSimulation constitutes a major approach for the conception, development, analysis and evolution of urban systems. This thesis focusses on the modeling and simulation of movements (pedestrian, vehicle, cycle) within urban environments. The industrial context associated with this thesis requires to consider the movements of each entity in a three dimensional universe. In this thesis, we propose to address the scientific and technological challenges by using autonomous entities, called agents, to model the individuals. In agent-based simulation three elements must be defined: the agent behaviors, their interactions with other agents, and with the environment. The environment models the structure of the world and its endogenous dynamics. Unfortunately, it is still difficult to find an environment model that answers all the different scientific and technological problems addressed in this thesis. Consequently, an environment model named HEterogenous Dual Graph Environment (or HEDGE) is proposed. The HEDGE model is based on a decomposition of the environment using zones that are linked with navigation and perception links. This graph structure is at the center of our model. It is designed to “naturally” model the environment, and it allows an efficient simulation of the system composed of the environment and the agents. The environment’s missions and dynamic processes are modeled using mechanisms, which are inspired by the laws of Physics. The actions provided by the agents and the endogenous dynamics algorithms correspond to physical forces to apply to objects in the world. A model of conflict detection and resolution between those forces is used to ensure the coherence of the environment model state. In the last part of this thesis, the HEDGE model is used in the context of two urban planning projects in the city of Belfort, and its metropolitan area. The product of this model’s application is used in the context of technical studies (preliminary studies, pre-project), communication (consultation and public debates) and promotion (exposition, valorization) in the form of interactive 3D software
Atohoun, Béthel Christian A. R. K. "Architecture logique d'un système multi agents de suivi multi caméra distribué : exploitation du modèle de croyance transférable." Thesis, Littoral, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DUNK0373/document.
Full textThis thesis presents the joint use of the theory of evidence and multiple hypothesis tracking for modeling and managing a system for monitoring multiple cameras in a motorway. The tracking is based on the re-identification of objects (vehicles) on the basis of visuals and times informations. A realization of these concepts results in the design and implementation of a software architecture for multiple agents management of multiple camera tracking system. After presenting the state of the art on the frameworks of uncertainty management and that on information fusion for the matching, and the multi-agent systems, our contribution in this work is on two or three levels. The first was an adaptation of the decision phase of the transferable belief model to incorporate the use of multi-hypotheses tracking as a tool of ambiguity survey in case of indecision in matching situation. The second contribution was a proposition of agent-based software architecture for management of a multiple cameras tracking system. We have proposed the global system modeling as well as agents and their interactions modeling using a personal analysis method but nevertheless inspired by modelisation languages and tolls such as Agent UML, MaSE and others, because there is not yet a standard and normalized tool on the subject. Our third contribution was to begin an implementation of our agent-based software architecture using JADE (Java Agent Development Framework). Some experiment and discussions are presented at the end to lead to our conclusions and perspectives
Camargo, Michelle. "Modèle de communication affective pour agent conversationnel animé, basé sur des facettes de personnalité et des buts de communication "cachés"." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721769.
Full textDanoy, Grégoire. "Uneapproche multi-agent pour les algorithmes génétiques coévolutionnaires hybrides et dynamiques : modèle d'organisation multi-agent et mise en oeuvre sur des problèmes métiers." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/78/56/95/PDF/2008_these_G_Danoy.pdf.
Full textIn this dissertation we assert that modeling Coevolutionary Genetic Algorithms (CGAs) as organizational multi-agent systems overcomes the lack of explicitness at the level of the algorithms structure, interactions and adaptation to existing models and platforms. We therefore introduce MAS4EVO, Multi-Agent Systems for EVolutionary Optimization, a new agent (re-)organizational model based on Moise+ and dedicated to evolutionary optimization. This model was used to describe existing CGAs as well as to build two new variants, hybrid and dynamic, of a competitive CGA. MAS4EVO is implemented in DAFO (Distributed Agent Framework for Optimization) which permits the use, the manipulation and the distribution of these CGAs, on hard optimization problems. The CGAs experimentations were conducted on two business problems, the first one being an inventory management problem and the second one being a new topology control problem in wireless ad hoc networks
Hoang, Thi thanh ha. "Un modèle multi-agent récursif générique pour simplifier la supervision de systèmes complexes artificiels décentralisés." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00744444.
Full textDanoy, Gregoire. "Une approche multi-agent pour les algorithmes génétiques coévolutionnaires hybrides et dynamiques : modèle d'organisation multi-agent et mise en oeuvre sur des problèmes métiers." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00785695.
Full textNguyen, Thi Ngoc Anh. "Dynamic Multilevel Modeling in the design of Decision Support Systems for rescue simulation : combining Agent-based and Mathematical approaches." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066661/document.
Full textOne of the world's worst natural disasters is tsunami, in particularly when they hit a crowded coastal city. Coastal cities need to be prepared for such disasters in order to mitigate losses. One major problem would be to find the best evacuation procedure in evacuating a coastal city so as to minimize the number of casualties. In this thesis, we address the problems which involved scaling up simulations for evacuating of pedestrians in a city. Firstly, EBMs have the advantage of solving the big problems in acceptable time. Therefore, EBMs are chosen for optimizing sign placement system by Minimization of Average Evacuation Time (MAET). In addition, we use Lighthill, Whitham and Richards model (LRW) of pedestrian flow on a road network. However, they are difficult to consider the problem in detail with different realistic factors. While Agent-based models (ABMs) take into account the heterogeneity of pedestrians' behaviors and the unspecified road network conditions. However, the computational cost was huge when applied for larger number of evacuees and large dynamic environment. The result of simulation using ABM requires huge experiments, so the speed of simulation is a problem that we want to investigate. We consider a Hybrid-based model (HBM) combining the advantages of both ABM and EBM. Thirdly, the problem of speeding up very large environment in ABMs such as the ones used in crowd simulation is key to support realistic Decision Support Systems. The key idea is to exploit the advantages from both macro and micro modeling. Last but not least, the results achieved in the thesis are: (i) Formulating the problem of evacuation; (ii) Formulating the optimal alert signs system; (iii) Describing the initial population distribution (iv) Simulating Tsunami evacuation on road network of Nha Trang city; (v) Building the Hybrid-Based Model to speed up simulation; (vi) Integrating ABM and MAET to make the results better for the optimal alert signs system
Yaacoub, Salim. "Le statut du représentant commercial en droit libanais : de l'inspiration au dépassement d'un modèle français de protection." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10049/document.
Full textThe use of mediation is the preferred mode of marketing for both manufactures and suppliers resulting in the synthetic use of the commercial representation. The latter occupies a preponderant place in international distribution especially via the mechanism such as mandate and commission. From this grew the need in both French and Lebanese law, to protect the parties who expand the client base on behalf of others parties. In Lebanon, a legal status was created for the sales representative by decree-law N. 34/67 modelled on the french commercial agent. However, lebanese law went further than its source of inspiration by exceeding the legal cover to include parties beyond the sales representative stricto sensu and most significantly, the sole distributor of exclusive product. The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal status in Lebanon of the sales representative as understood by the decree-law in comparison with its French legal equivalent
Chen, Kejia. "Contribution à la conception de la mémoire d'un agent assistant personnel." Compiègne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008COMP1774.
Full textThe thesis concerns the structuration of a memory for personal assistant (PA) agents. This work is realized in the process of developing a genric model of PA agent. After studying the issues in this area, we plan to build a PA agent with memory, named MemoPA agent. This agent behaves in a more effective way, allowing to better understand the user and help the user. Having examined several cognitive memory models, we propose to organize the memory of PA agents in the form of MOP (Memory Organization Packets) and then build a memory mechanism inspired by the idea of Cased-Based Reasoning. A prototype of MemoPA agent was developed and implemented in our multi-agents plateform. In addition to the structuration of memory, we also produced a mechanism to update the knowledge base during the memory process, a mechanism of using cases to resolve new problems, a policy of identifying pronominal references in the conversation. Through several experiments in the prototype, we conclude that the MemoPA agent showed some wisdow in relation to the PA agent without memory. With a memory, the resolving process of the user tasks can be improved, some errors in this process can be avoided and the user statements may be better understood
Dedu, Eugen. "Conception d'un modèle de simulation de systèmes multi-agent, et de son algorithmique et implantation parallèle sur architectures MIMD à mémoire partagée : modèle ParSSAP." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00071184.
Full textActuellement, il y a un manque de simulateurs parallèles efficaces pour ces systèmes, qui seraient très utiles, compte tenu des temps d'exécution pour des simulations à grande échelle. Dans ce contexte, notre apport se divise en trois parties : (1)~fournir un modèle de simulation de SMAs à grande échelle, appelé ParSSAP, (2)~faire un travail d'algorithmique parallèle dans les SMAs et (3)~fournir une implantation de ce modèle sous la forme d'une bibliothèque parallèle.
Dans cette thèse nous commençons par introduire les SMAs, les problèmes de parallélisation qu'ils posent et l'état de l'art dans la simulation des SMAs. Nous présentons ensuite nos travaux et apports : le modèle de simulation que nous avons conçu, l'algorithmique parallèle utilisée dans deux percepts d'agents fournis dans notre bibliothèque (calcul des champs de visibilité et propagation des champs de potentiel), la documentation sur notre bibliothèque et quelques applications avec leurs performances à l'exécution. Finalement, nous présentons le bilan, positif, de nos travaux.
Notre modèle et son implantation parallèle sont destinés à une utilisation facile et à des exécutions efficaces. Ils peuvent encore être enrichis, néanmoins notre bibliothèque permet déjà de construire rapidement des applications efficaces à l'exécution sur des machines parallèles modernes.
Cazaux, Marc. "Etude de la résistance de la légumineuse modèle Medicago truncatula à Colletotrichum trifolii, agent de l'anthracnoses." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/744/.
Full textTo study resistance mechanisms to fungal pathogens in legumes, a pathosystem was developed between the model legume Medicago truncatula and 3 races of Colletotrichum trifolii, agent of alfalfa anthracnose. Genetic analysis of resistance of a RILs population, coming from a crossing between a resistant line (A17) and a susceptible line (F83005. 5), showed that M. Truncatula resistance was conferred by a major QTL for resistance to 3 C. Trifolii races, located at the top of chromosome 4. A fine mapping of this region identified different resistance loci for each of the 3 races. The second part of this thesis showed the ability of C. Trifolii to infect F83005. 5 roots. Following penetration, thin hyphae rapidly moved toward the central cylinder of the root in which they formed aggregations structures. Inside those structures acervuli and appressoria were observed. This later structure probably allowed the fungus to enter the central cylinder. Once in the root stele, C. Trifolii moved inside the vascular system up to the aerial parts where symptoms of anthracnose can be observed. In A17, it was arrested in the first cells layers of the epidermis. The presence of classical defence reactions revealed an active resistance mechanism, which was conferred by a single QTL juxtaposed to that of the leaf resistance. The identification of RILs and NILs with differential phenotype between leaf and root indicate that the locus involved in root resistance is different of the locus of foliar resistance. In a last cytological study, C. Lindemuthianum, a non host pathogen on leaves, was shown to infect M. Truncatula roots successfully, indicating that non host resistance is tissue specific
Dafflon, Baudoin. "Modèle multi-agent d'inspiration physique pour la prise de décision : Application à la conduite en convoi." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BELF0240/document.
Full textBaudoin Dafflon’s doctoral work is placed in the general frame of self-organised systems. This kind of systems bases on the hypothesis that their organizationcan be the result of the individual behaviour of each one of the autonomous and proactive component entities. This emergent organization satisfies the objectives entrusted to the self-organizing system. This thesis is mainly directed to application domains in which the self-organizing system is composed of intelligent, frequently mobile material devices places in a physical, uncertain environment. Case-studies made included in this Thesis belong to the vehicle platoon problem.This Thesis interests mainlyto the decision-making problem of the self organizing systems of this kind. This aspect is particularly important when the system evolves in an uncertain environment. Uncertainty can be the consequence of an imperfect knowledge of the environment or because of the occurrence of unpredictable events. In those situations the autonomous entities have to decide locally about the best action to be performed in order for the global organization to be maintained. Even if information exchange among autonomous entities is not excluded a-priori, this doctoral work has been done under the restriction of non-communication, in order to investigate the reach of completely de-centralised approaches.Among the contributions of this thesis we can mention the following. Firstly, the proposal of an architecture that separates decision making and control, thereby allowing a simpler integration of uncertainty-management. An example from the application domain (vehicle platoons) is obstacle avoidance. Secondly, this thesis introduces a hierarchy of multi-agent systems such that decision-making is also conceived as a self-organized process in a virtual agent’s world. The later is built from an abstraction process based on the perceptions produced by material agents. Lastly, this thesis proposes physics-inspired interaction mechanisms for virtual agents. Those interaction models based on phenomena such as attraction-repulsion forces or gas dynamics, allow for a computational decision making process based on the laws and properties of the adopted physical models.Doctoral work presented in this Thesis has been done in the framework of the ANR-VTT project
Ding, Yu. "Modèle statistique de l'animation expressive de la parole et du rire pour un agent conversationnel animé." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0050/document.
Full textOur aim is to render expressive multimodal behaviors for Embodied conversational agents, ECAs. ECAs are entities endowed with communicative and emotional capabilities; they have human-like appearance. When an ECA is speaking or laughing, it is capable of displaying autonomously behaviors to enrich and complement the uttered speech and to convey qualitative information such as emotion. Our research lies in the data-driven approach. It focuses on generating the multimodal behaviors for a virtual character speaking with different emotions. It is also concerned with simulating laughing behavior on an ECA. Our aim is to study and to develop human-like animation generators for speaking and laughing ECA. On the basis of the relationship linking speech prosody and multimodal behaviors, our animation generator takes as input human uttered audio signals and output multimodal behaviors. Our work focuses on using statistical framework to capture the relationship between the input and the output signals; then this relationship is rendered into synthesized animation. In the training step, the statistical framework is trained based on joint features, which are composed of input and of output features. The relation between input and output signals can be captured and characterized by the parameters of the statistical framework. In the synthesis step, the trained framework is used to produce output signals (facial expression, head and torso movements) from input signals (F0, energy for speech or pseudo-phoneme of laughter). The relation captured in the training phase can be rendered into the output signals. Our proposed module is based on variants of Hidden Markov Model (HMM), called Contextual HMM. This model is capable of capturing the relationship between human motions and speech (or laughter); then such relationship is rendered into the synthesized animations
Boucaud, Fabien. "Un agent touchant : modélisation du toucher social dans les interactions humain-agent en environnement immersif." Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COMP2666.
Full textDespite the current abilities of our communication technologies, they remain unable to completely counterbalance feelings of isolation and loneliness. Social touch is essential to human well-being and allows us to develop and strenghten our relationships. It is also powerful channel of emotional communication. This thesis work is aimed at endowing artificial agents with social touch abilities. Whether they are robotic or virtual artificial agents represent new kinds of social entities and are already equipped with many interactional modalities (speech, gestures, facial expressions, etc.). Endowing them with touching abilities could further enhance their abilities to communicate emotions and to bond with humans. More specifically, our main research question is to determine when and how to touch a human is meaningful, autonomous and respectful way. To answer this question, we propose a theoretical structure and a functional implementation of a touching agent, able to dynamically interact with a human in real-time in an immersive environment. We describe a perception module to detect the human’s behaviour, a decision model able to take coherence and acceptability of touch into account, and a haptic interface (SOFTLY) that can be used in the immersive setup to generate haptic feedback. Evaluations of this framework are discussed and hightlight that its abilities are promising, althought there are still clear avenues of improvement for the model
Amouroux, Edouard. "KIMONO: une méthode de modélisation descriptive centrée agent pour l'explication des systèmes complexes, une application en épidémiologie." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00630779.
Full textKsontini, Feirouz. "Modèle d'agent fondé sur les affordances : application à la simulation de trafic routier." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VALE0027/document.
Full textThe work described in this thesis aims to improve the validity of traffic simulations in urban and suburban areas. We propose to consider the driving context, the heterogeneity of vehicles (motorized two-wheelers, vehicle, truck, etc.) and the driver behavior in terms of space occupation. The purpose is to produce in simulation the observed real world phenomena such as faufilement behavior (two-wheelers, emergency vehicles, cases of intersections). We address the traffic simulation byconsidering a behavioral approach based on multi-agent systems. Previous work have proposed non- generic solutions, for the particular case of motorized two-wheelers. We propose a new agent model to better take into account the context of driving and driver behavior in terms of space occupation. We endow agent driver with an ego-centered representation of the environment based on the concept of affordances. We use the affordances to identify the possible actions, in terms of space occupation, afforded by environment. The proposed agent model was implemented with ArchiSim. This implementation has allowed to reproduce a real traffic situation and to compare the results to real data. Different experiments were conducted to assess the quality of the proposed solution
Xu, Jin. "Un modèle multi-agent distribué et hybride pour la planification du transport à la demande temps réel." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00558769.
Full textTouya, Guillaume. "Le Modèle CollaGen : collaboration de processus automatiques pour la généralisation cartographique de paysages hétérogènes." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664464.
Full textTaoum, Joanna. "MEMORIA, un Modèle de rEprésentation de la MémOire de l'appRenant pour les systèmes tutoriels Intelligents et Adaptatifs." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0117/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we present MEMORIA, a model of the learner’s memory representation for adaptive and intelligent tutoring systems. The main contribution of this model is a formalization and an implementation of the learner's model using memories that store the information perceived by the learner in a virtual environment and the instructions given by the tutor. The design of our model is based on the four classic components of an intelligent tutorial system.The domain model is represented by the domain knowledge that is formalized using MASCARET. In order to make the interactions between the tutor and the learner natural, we represent the interface model through an embodied conversational agent using GRETA. The learner's model is made of all the knowledge acquired by the learner during the simulation. This knowledge is organized into three memories: sensory memory, working memory, and long-term memory. Our major challenge is to formalize the encoding of information in these memories, as well as the data flow between them.This formalization is based on the theory of human memory proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin and inspired by the cognitive architecture ACT-R. Our proposed tutor model focuses on the realization of a behavior that adapts the execution of the pedagogical scenario according to the learner's knowledge and the interactions with the tutor. An experimental study was conducted to validate our model. We compared two groups of participants. In the first group, we integrated an adaptive tutor using our model which adapts the execution of the pedagogical scenario and in the second group, a non-adaptive tutor who applied a fixed pedagogical scenario. The results of this study allow us to conclude on the effectiveness of our model for procedural learning
Ma, Tai-Yu. "Modèle dynamique de transport basé sur les activités." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003309.
Full textADAM, Emmanuel. "Modèle d'organisation multi-agent pour l'aide au travail coopératif dans les processus d'entreprise : application aux systèmes administratifs complexes." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007961.
Full textDubuisson, Duplessis Guillaume. "Modèle de comportement communicatif conventionnel pour un agent en interaction avec des humains : Approche par jeux de dialogue." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01017542.
Full textFevre, Cindy. "Physiopathologie du rhinosclérome dans un modèle murin et caractérisation génétique de son agent étiologique Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. Rhinoscleromatis." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066306.
Full textAdam, Emmanuel. "Modèle d'organisation multi-agent pour l'aide au travail coopératif dans les processus d'entreprise : Application aux systèmes administratifs complexes." Valenciennes, 2000. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/4369ca43-72f7-44d9-b12a-5089717a2380.
Full textChaouche, Ahmed Chawki. "Une approche multi-agent pour la conception de systèmes d'intelligence ambiante : un modèle formel intégrant planification et apprentissage." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066084/document.
Full textThis work presents a concrete software architecture dedicated to ambient intelligence (AmI) features and requirements. The proposed behavioral model, called Higher-order Agent (HoA) captures the evolution of the mental representation of the agent and the one of its plan simultaneously. Plan expressions are written and composed using a formal algebraic language, namely AgLOTOS, so that plans are built automatically and on the fly, as a system of concurrent processes. Due to the compositional structure of AgLOTOS expressions, the updates of sub-plans are realized automatically accordingly to the revising of intentions, hence maintaining the consistency of the agent. Based on a specific semantics, a guidance service is also proposed to assist the agent in its execution. This guidance allows to improve the satisfaction of the agent's intentions with respect to the possible concurrent plans and the current context of the agent. Adopting the idea that "location" and "time" are key stones information in the activity of the agent, we show how to enforce guidance by ordering the different possible plans. As a major contribution, we demonstrate two original utility functions that are designed from the past-experiences of the action executions, and that can be combined accordingly to the current balance policy of the agent. A use case scenario is developed to show how the agent can act, even if it suffers from unexpected changes of contexts, it does not have many experiences and whose past experiences reveals some failure cases
Rosenfeld, Eric. "Réponse à l'oxygène de saccharomyces cerevisiae en conditions de fermentation alcoolique (modèle oenologique). Etude des voies de consommation d'oxygène." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20125.
Full textCroisy, Pascal. "Collecticiel temps réel et apprentissage coopératif : des aspects sociaux et pédagogiques jusqu'au modèle multi-agent de l'interface de groupe." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10020.
Full textGechter, Franck Joseph Aimé. "Modèle multi-agent réactif pour la fusion de percepts : application à la localisation et au suivi en robotique mobile." Nancy 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN10110.
Full textThe aim of this work is to show how a complex system, that has to resolve a real task, can be designed from single entities with small decision abilities. By contrast with the classical algorithms, which usually stem from the signal or the image processing, we propose a reactive architecture based on reactive multi-agent systems where the interaction phenomenon are inspired by Physics. As for the real task, we choose to deal with the localization and tracking problem. The localization is a tough, wide spread task in mobile robotics. The aim is to design a localization and tracking device able to focus on a variable number of targets. Furthermore, the device has to be able to accomplish its task by using a variable number of sensors, static or mobile in the environment. Our works deals with both the design of the reactive-agent architecture (world representation, resolution process, interpretation of the resulting organization) and its application and evaluation with real robots
Nortes-Martinez, David. "Prise en compte de la multiscalarité dans la modélisation économique de la vulnérabilité aux inondations : apport d'un modèle multi-agent appliqué aux systèmes coopératifs viticoles." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NSAM0003.
Full textNew practices in flood damage prevention have moved away from the implementation of structural measures, embracing as well non-structural measures that integrate ecosystem services, taking advantage of the ecosystems’ potential to prevent, regulate and scale down water-related hazards.This shift, even though it pursues higher levels of risk prevention, damage reduction and economic sustainability, is incrementing the exposure of rural and farming areas for greater protection of urban and industrial ones.But agricultural sectors have in fact singular structural patterns that make them particularly vulnerable to income and cash flow shifts. Moreover, agriculture is increasingly considered as a complex Socio-ecological system (SES), formed by the ensemble of farming activities, territory, environment, and the relations established among these three elements.As such, there might exist factors that, acting along several scales, play a fundamental role in the determination of the vulnerability of the agricultural system.Insofar farm-type discrimination is essential to provide reliable assessments of impacts and vulnerabilities, this dissertation focuses on wine production and proposes a microeconomic study of the cooperative winemaking system (CWS). This system exhibits features that characterize it as a SES. Thus, we seek to study to what extent the integration of several scales of analysis contributes to the detection, understanding and characterization of the drivers of vulnerability of a CWS to flood hazards.We consider vulnerability as an intrinsic property of any element/system that depends on the sensitivity to suffer harm and the capacity to cope in the aftermath of the hazard. Accordingly we can evaluate and asses the vulnerability of a system and its drivers through the estimation of flood damages.We propose and build a novel model for the assessment of flood damages of a CWS (the COOPER model), based on data elicited from two study cases in southern France: Aude and Var counties. To develop the COOPER model we use an agent-based model approach, which enables us to describe the system from the bottom-up identifying the entities of interest, their interactions and the environment in which they take place.The use of the COOPER model as laboratory for the ex-ante assessment of damages of multiple flood events highlights, despite scales the importance of the correct identification of interactions between elements in the system. Their misidentification may lead to either the overestimation or the underestimation of damages, thus vulnerability of the system. Furthermore, the possibility to describe in detail both agents and rules within the productive system, together with the presence of explicit interactions, enable us to identify and estimate the weight that different significant factors have in the susceptibility of the system to suffer harm or the capacity to cope with the consequences of the a flood hazard
Mathy, Fabien. "L' apprenabilité des concepts évaluée au moyen d'un modèle multi-agent de la complexité des communications en mémoire de travail." Reims, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REIML007.
Full textThis dissertation reports a study on the compressibility of information in working memory in order to define a metric of communicational complexity. In the multi-agent system described, the work of each agent represents that of a working memory unit. The multi-agent system cooperatively learns concepts based on Boolean dimensions. The objective of agents is to elaborate common knowledge from distributed one. The present model produces for each concept learned a minimal inter-agent communication protocol describing the processing load in working memory. Communication protocol complexity is seen as the result of two sources of complexity: the number of agents required (i. E. The Kolmogorov complexity) and the number of times these agents are used (i. E. Logical depth). 900 participants, from 4 years old to adulthood, completed rule-based classification tasks in 2, 3 and 4 dimensions. The computation of logical depth and the ordering of communication protocols in a lattice were confirmed
Balbo, Flavien. "Esac : un modèle d'interaction multi-agent utilisant l'environnement comme support actif de communication. Application à la gestion des transports urbains." Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090035.
Full textCouanau, Quentin. "Ambiguity in dynamic contexts." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01E010.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the consequences of ambiguity aversion in dynamic contexts in economics. In particular, we focus on the consequences of ambiguity aversion in irreversible investment problems, and in dynamic moral hazard problems in continuous-time. The first chapter reviews the literature on ambiguity in dynamic contexts, and reviews existing models as well as their applications in economics and finance. The second chapter deals with irreversible investment in the monopoly case and under perfect competition, under ambiguous volatility. The notion of ambiguous volatility requires the use of recent tools in non linear expectation theory. We show that the optimal entry strategy of a monopoly under ambiguous volatility implies investing sooner than the perfectly competitive equilibrium under volatility ambiguity. The third chapter builds on the results of the second chapter and treats a special case of imperfect competition. The last chapter deals with a dynamic principal-agent problem under moral in continuous-time, in which agents perceive ambiguity about the drift of the relevant process. We show that under certain conditions, the optimal contract is linear in final output. We then use this result to discuss the effect of ambiguity aversion on the incentive power of the optimal contract and the informativeness principle
Bommel, Pierre. "Définition d’un cadre méthodologique pour la conception de modèles multi-agents adaptée à la gestion des ressources renouvelables." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20043.
Full textThe potentialities of the MAS should not hide the difficulties the modelisator can encounter. More precisely, the question of models validation is regularly mentioned. The probabilities of revealing errors or bugs are not negligible. One can then legitimately wonder about the reliability of the simulators. However, the main problems don't come from errors of coding but rather from the management of the interactions or activations of the agents. Often underestimated, a rough management may produce artifacts and one can give by mistake the wrong properties to a model. Some techniques limit the emergence of this kind of bias by reinforcing for example the autonomy of the agents. Nevertheless, they are difficult to implement. It is rather worthy to be aware of the hot areas that may generate artifacts and to use standard procedures by adapting them to the modeled field. Modeling of the socio-ecosystems is not just a data-processing speciality, but request a confirmed know-how and the modelisator must take a critical look at its own tools. It is required to improve their robustness by showing that they exhibit relatively stable behaviors. The independent replication of a simulator reinforces its reliability. Indeed, to check and reproduce experimentation appear as the rule of any rigorous scientific method. But the difficulties of replication are affected by miss readability of the MAS. It is thus essential to describe it in a clear and non-ambiguous way. A work of re-presentation must be carried out to design reorganized diagrams that put the light on the essential points of the model and authorize discussions and criticisms
Tripodi, Sébastien. "Étude de l'auto-organisation des cellules basées sur le Modèle de Potts Cellulaire." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES2068.
Full textThe self-organization between the cells gives an explanation of the cell tissues morphogenesis, like the phenomenon of embryogenesis. Meanwhile, there is no consensus on the nature of the interactions between the cells leading to this self-organization. On one hand, the in silico modelisation and simulation offers a formal support to help the biologist in his understanding of the phenomenon and gives arguments in favor of a theory or of another one. The computer science implementation of biological process allows, on the other hand, improving the existing computer science models. The multi-agent systems are computer science models which represent each entity (agent) of a system in an explicit way. The agents are executed in an autonomous way and in interaction with the others. Cell agents can be simulated with a multi-agent system, where interactions are based on the consumption and production of molecules, but also on the adhesion and pressure cells exert on each other. A cell agent is based on the cell defined in the Cellular Potts Model. This model has been extended (MorphoPotts) in order to allow the cells to reach a generic and dynamic shape and to define an energy balance. The theory of Darwin at cellular level, an original theory of the embryogenesis, has been simulated via MorphoPotts where tissues emerge from one stem cell. These tissues are coherent because they have a continue renewal and a recognizable shape. To verify if the interactions between the MorphoPotts allow the system to self-organize and self-adapt, the performances of the multi-agent systems were enhanced. We show that the graphics processing unit (GPU) programming leads to considerable performance gains. The simulations done on the OPU show that a cellular darwinism allows the cell tissue to self-organize and self-adapt in reply to exterior events
Meyer, Gautier. "Formalisation logique de préférences qualitatives pour la sélection de la réaction d'un agent rationnel dialoguant." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00321676.
Full textAfin d'autoriser une spécification intuitive des préférences, nous supposons que les informations "initiales" sont des comparaisons entres des propriétés que peuvent vérifier les différentes alternatives. Ces comparaisons vérifient les principes d'expansion, de transitivité, et de Ceteris Paribus. De plus, elles sont spécifiées par points de vue éventuellement contradictoires et telles que deux propriétés quelconques sont jugées indifférentes par défaut.
Afin de départager un grand nombre d'alternatives et en particulier pour dépasser une limite de l'hypothèse Ceteris Paribus, nous proposons d'étendre ces informations via une phase dite "d'extension" en considérant chaque préférence (dite "primitive") comme un argument pour départager les alternatives.
Afin de gérer les contradictions entre points de vue, nous formalisons l'introduction d'une étape dite "d'agrégation". Cette dernière permet, via un mécanisme d'élection, de générer une unique préférence "globale".
Enfin, nous proposons une voie pour intégrer notre travail au modèle logique d'agent rationnel proposée par Sadek ainsi qu'une manière pour utiliser nos préférences conjointement avec d'autres types d'informations sur la désirabilité.
Gaud, Nicolas A. "Systèmes multi--agents holoniques : de l'analyse à l'implantation : méta-modèle, méthodologie, et simulation multi-niveaux." Besançon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BESA2014.
Full textThe work, presented in this PhD thesis, is concerned with the study of complex systems and aims at provinding a full set of abstractions and the associated methodological guidelines for the analysis, design, implementation and simulation of Holonic MultiAgent Systems (HMAS). HMAS offers a promising software engineering approach for developing complex open software systems. This kind of systems consists in self-similar structures called holons. A set of holons maybe seen, depending on the level of observation, as a unique entity or as a group of holons in interaction. A complex system is made up of a large number of parts that have many interactions. In such systems, the behavior of the whole cannot be directly understood only by knowing the behavior of the parts and their interactions. Complex systems often exhibit a hierarchical structure. The foundation of this thesis consist in exploiting the intrinsic hierarchical structure of complex systems toa analyse and decompose them. In order to conceive modular and reusable models, an organizational approacg is adopted. The principle of the analysis is based on the identification of a hierarchy of organizations, which the global behavior may represent the system under the chosen perspective. The behaviors of the system are recursively decomposed into a set on interacting sub-behaviors, each of these latter being in turn decomposed until we reach some lowest level of elementary sub-behaviors. At a given level, the composed behavior is modeled unsing an organization, and the associated sub-behaviors using roles. The hierarchical organization structure is then mapped to holarchy (hierarchy of holons) in charge of its execution. The concepts presented are then used to study the issues related to the multilevel multiagent simulation. The resulting model is finally applied th the pedestrians simulation in virtual environment
Boillot, Assan Dominique. "La pentamidine : un nouvel agent diabétogène : étude clinique et expérimentale." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066045.
Full textBerro, Julien. "Du monomère à la cellule : modèle de la dynamique de l'actine." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10226.
Full textActin filaments are biological polymers that are very abundant in eucaryot cytoskeleton. Their auto-assembly and auto-organization are highly dynami. And are essential in cell motility and membrane deformations. Ln this thesis we propose three approaches, on different scales, in order to enlighten mechanisms for the regulation ofassembly of, organization of and production of force by biological filaments such as actin filaments. First, we have developed a stochastic multi-agent simulation tool for studying biological filaments taking into consideration interactions on the nanometer scale. This new tool allowed us to bring out the acceleration of actin monomer turnover due to fragmentation of filaments by ADF/Cofilin and the symmetry breaking induced by thisprotein, which agree weil with experimental data from L. Blanchoin team (CEA Grenoble). Secondly, we studied a continuou model for filament buckling, providing, on the one hand, an estimation of forces exerted in vitro or in vivo with respect to extremity attachment conditions and, on the other hand, limit conditions for buckling. Thirdly, we developed a framework for organizing kinetic biochemical data from reaction networks, which was used for the regulation of actin polymerization. These three modeling approaches improved the knowledge on actin dynamics and are useful complements for experimental approaches in biology