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Academic literature on the topic 'Model kožní bariéry'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Model kožní bariéry"
1
Kubátová, Denisa. "Hodnocení sfingosinu, dihydrosfingosinu a fytosfingosinu v modelech kožní bariéry." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-446356.
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Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Author: Denisa Kubátová Supervisor: PharmDr. Andrej Kováčik, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Lukáš Opálka, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine and phytosphingosine in skin barrier models The stratum corneum (SC), the uppermost layer of the skin, localized in the uppermost part of the epidermis, represents the skin barrier of the organism. SC is composed of corneocytes and an intercellular lipid matrix, which is formed by ceramides (Cer), free fatty acids (FFA), and cholesterol (Chol) in an equimolar ratio. Substances from the group of sphingolipids - Cer, are sphingoid bases (for example, sphingosine (S), dihydrosphingosine (dS), phytosphingosine (P)) acylated with a fatty acid (for example, lignoceric acid (LIG)). In the lipid matrix, the metabolic products of Cer (free sphingoid bases) are also present, but their role in SC barrier functions is not clear. Some studies show that Cer with different sphingoid bases, and increased presence of free sphingoid bases, can lead to a change in the permeability of the skin barrier. This work aimed to study the effect of permeability of sphingoid bases on the model membrane permeability. Nine types of membranes were prepared; they...
2
Dulanská, Lucia. "Optimalizace modelu kožní bariéry s obsahem ceramidů izolovaných z lidského stratum corneum." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-446434.
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Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Author: Lucia Dulanská Supervisor: Mgr. Petra Pullmannová, Ph.D Title of thesis: Optimization of the skin barrier model with isolated ceramides of human Stratum corneum Stratum corneum (SC), the uppermost layer of the skin, regulates transcutaneous water loss and protects against outer conditions and harmful substances. It consists of cornified cells - corneocytes and extracellular lipid matrix, which is responsible for the barrier functions. Corneocytes are covered with covalently bound lipids creating the corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE). CLE is considered to interconnect the extracellular lipids with corneocytes and to have a templating effect. We aimed to optimize a skin lipid model simulating also the presence of CLE. The lipidic part of the model was prepared from an equimolar mixture of isolated human skin ceramides (hCer), cholesterol and free fatty acids (FFA, either protonated or deuterated) with 5 weight % of cholesteryl sulfate. hCer were extracted from the isolated human SC and purified by the column chromatography. The composition of hCer was determined by the high- performance thin-layer chromatography. The reverse-phase and normal phase silica gel particles served as the CLE...
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Šimek, Matěj. "In vitro modely kožní bariéry." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445839.
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Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Candidate: Matěj Šimek Consultant: doc. Dr. rer. nat. Mgr. Jarmila Zbytovská Title of thesis: In vitro models of skin barrier The aim of this work is to summarize information about various types of skin models which are used for testing of permeability, toxicity, irritability and other aspects of drugs, through professional, verified and reviewed literature. These characteristics are necessary to know in order to grant optimal safety, effectiveness nad quality of transdermally administered drugs. Transdermal administration of drugs has got lots of benefits in contrast with classic peroral administration. An administration of drugs through this way is quite simple and it can be interrupted quite easily. We can also easily change a place of administration in which a drug is released and the risk of overdosing is very low. Furthermore, transdermal administration makes possible to maintain constant plasmatic concentration of drug in a blood stream and also to prolong the duration of effect of drugs with small halftime thanks to constant releasing of drug. And primarily, transdermally administered drug normally avoids the "first-pass" effect of liver, so the dose of drug can be lowered. The risk of drug...
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Nováčková, Anna. "Studium látek ovlivňujících propustnost kožní bariéry." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-448095.
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Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Candidate Mgr. Anna Nováčková Supervisor doc. Mgr. Jarmila Zbytovská, Dr. rer. nat. Title of Doctoral Thesis Study of substances affecting permeability of the skin barrier The skin barrier plays a vital role in protecting the human body and enables mammals' life on dry land. The epidermis has the primary barrier function due to several cells' layers, which gradually differentiate to their final stage, the stratum corneum (SC). SC is formed by stratified keratinocytes (known as corneocytes) surrounded by a lipid matrix. This intercellular matrix consists of an approximately equimolar ratio of ceramides, free fatty acids and cholesterol. These are particular substances formed in the epidermis from their precursors during the keratinocyte's differentiation, and their arrangement into the multilamellar structure is essential for the impermeability of the skin barrier. However, some substances or factors can disrupt the skin barrier. It is usually an undesirable process of lipid disbalance resulting in disorders or diseases of the skin barrier. On the other hand, specific substances have been developed for a reversible disruption of the skin barrier (so-called enhancers) to allow drug...
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Růžičková, Karolína. "Hodnocení přípravy monovrstevných lipidových modelů kožní bariéry." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-397407.
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Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Author: Karolína Růžičková Supervisor: PharmDr. Barbora Švecová, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Anna Nováčková Title of thesis: Evaluation of preparation of monolayer lipid skin barrier models Skin, the protective barrier of human body, consists of several layers. The uppermost one is the stratum corneum, part of epidermis, whose extracellular matrix is composed mainly of ceramides, cholesterol and free fatty acids. The composition and arrangement of skin lipids are essential for the proper skin barrier function. Various multilayer and monolayer models are used to study skin lipids at the molecular level. Some of the evaluation methods are Langmuir monolayers at the air interface. In this work I dealt with the behavior of monolayer lipid models at four different pH values of the liquid subphase. Lipids isolated from human skin, lipid mixture prepared from the individual components, and a mixture of fatty acids were compared as well. Langmuir isotherms and the Brewster angle microscopy at different compression rates were used for this purpose. The results showed that pH of the subphase has no major effect on lipids arrangement. Lipids were most likely to form a tight monolayer at neutral pH 7,0, at a...
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Doláková, Andrea. "Studium monovrstevných lipidových modelů onemocnění kožní bariéry." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-356240.
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Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Author: Andrea Doláková Supervisor: PharmDr. Barbora Školová, Ph.D. Title of thesis: Study of lipid monolayer models of skin barrier diseases Skin protects human body from external factors and maintain internal integrity of organism. Skin barrier is formed by corneocytes and lipid matrix in intercellular space of stratum corneum, the uppermost layer of epidermis. Lipid matrix consists of ceramides, free fatty acids and cholesterol. The composition and organisation of lipid matrix are essential for the skin barrier properties. Ceramides are synthetized from glucosylated ceramide and sphingomyelin by hydrolitic enzymes β-glucocerebrosidase and sphingomyelinase. Insufficiency or malfunction of these enzymes lead to functionless skin barrier. The aim of this work was to prepare and study monolayer lipid models, which simulated the malfunction of sphingomyelinase in skin diseases. For valuation we used several techniques such as Langmuir monolayers, Brewster angle microscopy (at the air-liquid interface), Langmuir-Blodgett technique and atomic force microscopy. Monolayers with 100% substitution of sphingomyelin layout the most readily with rising surface pressure and the course of their isotherm is very...
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Juhaščik, Martin. "Studium mikrostruktury modelu kožní bariéry pomocí deuterovaných ceramidů." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-397442.
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Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Author: Martin Juhaščik Supervisor: PharmDr. Andrej Kováčik, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of microstructure of skin barrier model using deuterated ceramides Ceramides (Cer) are sphingolipids, which participate in eucaryotic cells in various biological processes (cell signalling, proliferation, differentiation and cell apoptosis). In mammalian skin, Cer are localized in the uppermost layer of epidermis, stratum corneum (SC). In this layer, Cer along with cholesterol (Chol) and free fatty acids form multilayer lamellae of intercellular lipid matrix. The skin lipid arrangement in SC is still unclear. To evaluate the skin lipid arrangement, skin membrane models with labelled (deuterated) lipids have been used. Therefore, the aim of this work was to synthesize sphingosine with deuterated chain and Cer based on deuterated sphingosine, i.e., N-lignoceroyl sphingosine-d28 (with lignoceric acid acyl (C24); d-CerNS) and N-lignoceroyl-d47 sphingosine-d28 (dd-CerNS) and to study their phase behaviour and arrangement in model membranes by using biophysical studies. Synthesis of deuterated Cer started from elimination of 1-pentadecanol-d31 to obtain a deuterated terminal alkene. Next, a vinylation of...
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Jarešová, Zuzana. "Studium volných sfingoidních bází v kožní bariéře." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-446213.
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Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Author: Zuzana Jarešová Supervisor: PharmDr. Andrej Kováčik, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Lukáš Opálka, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: STUDY OF FREE SPHINGOID BASES IN SKIN BARRIER The skin barrier, localized in the stratum corneum (SC), consists of corneocytes and an intercellular matrix formed from three types of lipids - ceramides, free fatty acids, and cholesterol, represented in an equimolar ratio. The overall arrangement of lipids is organized and highly specialized. Ceramides are structurally formed from the fatty acid acyl attached to a sphingoid base. In minor but not insignificant amounts, free sphingoid bases can also be found in the skin barrier. Several studies show that there is an increased concentration of free sphingoid bases in skin barrier disorders, such as atopic dermatitis. Although it is assumed that the presence of free sphingoid bases affects the skin barrier, it is not elucidated the way of their participation till today. The lack of studies or their diverse results leads us to the main goal of this thesis - to clarify how free sphingoid bases influence the skin barrier. In this work, the model membranes were prepared by the isolation of human SC ex vivo. Sphingosine (S),...
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Yanok, Oksana. "Vliv glukosylsfingosinu na bariérovou funkci kůže a komplexního lipidového modelu kůže." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-448530.
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Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of pharmeceutical technology Candidate: Oksana Yanok Supervisor: Pharm.Dr. Andrej Kováčik, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis: The effects of glucosyl sphingosine on barrier function of skin and complex skin model. The skin barrier, which provides protection from water loss and harmful environmental influences is located in the stratum corneum. The dominant group of lipids within the stratum corneum are ceramides (Cer), which also have the most important role in ensuring the barrier properties of the skin. The enzymes sphingomyelin deacylase and glucosylceramide deacylase hydrolyze the amide bond of Cer precursors, which leads to highly polar metabolites, called lysolipids. The increased activity of these enzymes is considered to be one of the major factors leading to the development of a number of skin diseases characterized by a skin barrier disorder (for example atopic dermatitis). In this study we prepared model membranes mimicking a healthy skin barrier as an equimolar mixtures of human Cer, cholesterol, free fatty acids with the addition of 5 % cholesterol sulfate. We also prepared models in which the amount of Cer was gradually reduced and replaced by the hydrophilic lysolipid glucosylsphingosine. The permeability was measured...