Relevant bibliographies by topics / Model independent results

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Model independent results'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Model independent results"

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Meißner, Ulf-G. "Baryon form factors: Model-independent results." Nuclear Physics A 666-667 (March 2000): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(00)00010-5.

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SOTO, JOAN. "MODEL INDEPENDENT RESULTS FOR HEAVY QUARKONIUM." Modern Physics Letters A 19, no. 21 (July 10, 2004): 1563–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732304014690.

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We review a number of results for the spectrum and inclusive decays of heavy quarkonium systems which can be derived from QCD under well controlled approximations. They essentially follow from the hierarchy of scales in these systems, which can be efficiently exploited using non-relativistic effective field theories. In particular, we discuss under which conditions non-relativistic potential models emerge as effective theories of QCD.
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Bernabei, R., P. Belli, S. d’Angelo, A. Di Marco, F. Montecchia, A. d’Angelo, A. Incicchitti, et al. "DAMA/LIBRA–phase1 model independent results." International Journal of Modern Physics A 31, no. 31 (November 2, 2016): 1642006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x16420069.

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Experimental observations and theoretical arguments at Galaxy and larger scales have suggested that a large fraction of the Universe is composed by Dark Matter (DM) particles. This has motivated the DAMA experimental efforts to investigate the presence of such particles in the galactic halo by exploiting a model independent signature with highly radiopure setups deep underground. In this paper, a review of the results obtained with the total exposure of 1.04 ton × yr collected by DAMA/LIBRA–phase1 deep underground at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) of the INFN during seven annual cycles is given. The DAMA/LIBRA–phase1 data give evidence for the presence of DM particles in the galactic halo, on the basis of the exploited model independent DM annual modulation signature by using highly radiopure NaI(Tl) target, at 7.5[Formula: see text] C.L. Including also the data of the first generation DAMA/NaI experiment (cumulative exposure 1.33 ton × yr, corresponding to 14 annual cycles), the C.L. is 9.3[Formula: see text] and the modulation amplitude of the single-hit scintillation events in the (2–6) keV energy interval is: (0.0112 ± 0.0012) cpd/kg/keV; the measured phase is (144 ± 7) days and the measured period is (0.998 ± 0.002) yr, values well in agreement with those expected for DM particles. No systematic or side reaction able to mimic the exploited DM signature has been found or suggested by anyone over more than a decade.
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Bernabei, R., P. Belli, A. Bussolotti, F. Cappella, V. Caracciolo, R. Cerulli, C. J. Dai, et al. "First model independent results from DAMA/LIBRA-phase2." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 19, no. 4 (December 25, 2018): 307–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2018.04.307.

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Bernabei, Rita, Pierluigi Belli, Andrea Bussolotti, Fabio Cappella, Vincenzo Caracciolo, Riccardo Cerulli, Chang-Jiang Dai, et al. "First Model Independent Results from DAMA/LIBRA–Phase2." Universe 4, no. 11 (November 6, 2018): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe4110116.

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The first results obtained by the DAMA/LIBRA–phase2 experiment are presented. The data have been collected over six independent annual cycles corresponding to a total exposure of 1.13 ton × year, deep underground at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory. The DAMA/LIBRA–phase2 apparatus, about 250 kg highly radio-pure NaI(Tl), profits from a second generation high quantum efficiency photomultipliers and of new electronics with respect to DAMA/LIBRA–phase1. The improved experimental configuration has also allowed to lower the software energy threshold. The DAMA/LIBRA–phase2 data confirm the evidence of a signal that meets all the requirements of the model independent Dark Matter annual modulation signature, at 9.5 σ C.L. in the energy region (1–6) keV. In the energy region between 2 and 6 keV, where data are also available from DAMA/NaI and DAMA/LIBRA–phase1, the achieved C.L. for the full exposure (2.46 ton × year) is 12.9 σ .
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Katz, Yuri A. "Value of the distant future: Model-independent results." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 466 (January 2017): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2016.09.033.

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Fehmers, G. C., L. P. J. Kamp, F. W. Sluijter, and T. A. T. Spoelstra. "A model-independent algorithm for ionospheric tomography: 2. Experimental results." Radio Science 33, no. 1 (January 1998): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97rs03008.

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Cabrera-Trujillo, R. "Stopping power in the independent-particle model: Harmonic oscillator results." Physical Review A 60, no. 4 (October 1, 1999): 3044–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.60.3044.

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Banerjee, Dilip K. "A software independent tool for mapping thermal results to structural model." Fire Safety Journal 68 (August 2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2014.06.002.

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Bernabei, R., P. Belli, F. Cappella, V. Caracciolo, S. Castellano, R. Cerulli, C. J. Dai, et al. "Final model independent results of DAMA/LIBRA-phase1 and perspectives of phase2." Physics of Particles and Nuclei 46, no. 2 (March 2015): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063779615020045.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Model independent results"

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Knutzen, Simon Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Hebbeker, and Christopher Henrik V. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wiebusch. "A software for the reinterpretation of model independent search results and constraining theories beyond the Standard Model / Simon Knutzen ; Thomas Hebbeker, Christopher Wiebusch." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1162499281/34.

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Knutzen, Simon [Verfasser], Thomas Akademischer Betreuer] Hebbeker, and Christopher Henrik V. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wiebusch. "A software for the reinterpretation of model independent search results and constraining theories beyond the Standard Model / Simon Knutzen ; Thomas Hebbeker, Christopher Wiebusch." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1162499281/34.

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Bemfica, Fábio Sperotto. "Dinâmica quântica de sistemas não-comutativos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/17438.

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Este trabalho está dedicado a estudar a consistência global da dinâmica quântica de sistemas não-comutativos. Nosso ponto de partida é a teoria de sistemas vinculados, dado que esta provê uma descrição uni cada da dinâmica clássica e quântica para os modelos a serem investigados. Analisamos o problema relacionado com a existência da série de Born e unitariedade e focamos, na seqüência, na formulação funcional da dinâmica quântica dos sistemas não-comutativos. A compatibilidade entre as abordagens funcional e operatorial é substanciada de forma geral. Subseqüentemente, a transformada de Weyl generalizada de índice α é usada para implementar a de nição "via time-slicing" da integral de caminho no espaço de fase, o que nos permite calcular o correspondente propagador de Feynman. Como esperado, esta representação para o propagador de Feynman não é única, mas rotulada pelo parâmetro real α. Provamos que as contribuições dependentes de α desaparecem no limite quando o "slice" de tempo tende a zero, tal qual é requerido pela consistência da formulação. Esta prova é intrincada pois o Hamiltoniano envolve, necessariamente, produtos de operadores não comutantes. A anti-simetria da matriz que parametriza a não-comutatividade joga um papel fundamental no mecanismo de cancelamento dos termos dependentes de α. Por m, estudamos a implementação do processo formulado por Batalin, Fradkin e Tyutin (BFT), o qual permite transformar esses sistemas em uma teoria de calibre Abeliana exibindo apenas vínculos de primeira classe. A adequação da imersão BFT, como aplicada neste trabalho, é veri cada demonstrando que existe um mapeamento isomór co que conecta o modelo de segunda classe com o setor invariante de calibre da teoria de calibre. Como é sabido, a quantização funcional de uma teoria de calibre exige a eliminação da liberdade de calibre. Então, temos a nossa disposição um conjunto in nito de descrições alternativas para a mecânica quântica não-comutativa, uma para cada calibre. Estudamos as características relevantes deste in nito conjunto de correspondências. A quantização funcional da teoria de calibre é explicitamente realizada para dois calibres diferentes e os resultados comparados com o correspondente ao sistema de segunda classe. Dentro do quadro operatorial, a teoria de calibre é quantizada utilizando-se o método de Dirac.
This work is concerned with the global consistency of the quantum dynamics of noncommutative systems. Our point of departure is the theory of constrained systems, since it provides a uni ed description of the classical and quantum dynamics for the models under investigation. We then analise the problem concerned with the su cient conditions for the existence of the Born series and unitarity and turn, afterwards, into studying the functional quantization of non-commutative systems. The compatibility between the operator and the functional approaches is established in full generality. Subsequently, the generalized Weyl transform of index α is used to implement the time-slice de nition of the phase space path integral yielding the Feynman kernel in the case of noncommutative quantum mechanics. As expected, this representation for the Feynman kernel is not unique but labeled by the real parameter α. We succeed in proving that the α-dependent contributions disappear at the limit where the time slice goes to zero. This proof of consistency turns out to be intricate because the Hamiltonian necessarily involves products of noncommuting operators. The antisymmetry of the matrix parameterizing the noncommutativity plays a key role in the cancelation mechanism of the α-dependent terms. Finally, we study the embedding procedure formulated by Batalin, Fradkin and Tyutin (BFT) which enables one to transform these noncommutative systems into an Abelian gauge theory exhibiting only rst class constraints. The appropriateness of the BFT embedding, as implemented in this work, is veri ed by showing that there exists a one to one mapping linking the second class model with the gauge invariant sector of the gauge theory. As is known, the functional quantization of a gauge theory calls for the elimination of its gauge freedom. Then, we have at our disposal an in nite set of alternative descriptions for noncommutative quantum mechanics, one for each gauge. We study the relevant features of this in nite set of correspondences. The functional quantization of the gauge theory is explicitly performed for two di erent gauges and the results compared with that corresponding to the second class system. Within the operator framework the gauge theory is quantized by using Dirac's method.
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Doignon, Jean-Paul. "Identifiability in Knowledge Space Theory: a survey of recent results." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-113113.

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Knowledge Space Theory (KST) links in several ways to Formal Concept Analysis (FCA). Recently, the probabilistic and statistical aspects of KST have been further developed by several authors. We review part of the recent results, and describe some of the open problems. The question of whether the outcomes can be useful in FCA remains to be investigated.
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Fenollosa, Artés Felip. "Contribució a l'estudi de la impressió 3D per a la fabricació de models per facilitar l'assaig d'operacions quirúrgiques de tumors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667421.

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La present tesi doctoral s’ha centrat en el repte d’aconseguir, mitjançant Fabricació Additiva (FA), models per a assaig quirúrgic, sota la premissa que els equips per fer-los haurien de ser accessibles a l’àmbit hospitalari. L’objectiu és facilitar l’extensió de l’ús dels prototips com a eina de preparació d’operacions quirúrgiques, transformant la pràctica mèdica actual de la mateixa manera que en el seu moment ho van fer tecnologies com les que van facilitar l’ús de radiografies. El motiu d’utilitzar FA, en lloc de tecnologies més tradicionals, és la seva capacitat de materialitzar de forma directa les dades digitals obtingudes de l’anatomia del pacient mitjançant sistemes d’escanejat tridimensional, fent possible l’obtenció de models personalitzats. Els resultats es centren en la generació de nou coneixement sobre com aconseguir equipaments d’impressió 3D multimaterials accessibles que permetin l’obtenció de models mimètics respecte als teixits vius. Per facilitar aquesta buscada extensió de la tecnologia, s’ha focalitzat en les tecnologies de codi obert com la Fabricació per Filament Fos (FFF) i similars basades en líquids catalitzables. La recerca s’alinea dins l’activitat de desenvolupament de la FA al CIM UPC, i en aquest àmbit concret amb la col·laboració amb l’Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloc de la tesi inclou la descripció de l’estat de l’art, detallant les tecnologies existents i la seva aplicació a l’entorn mèdic. S’han establert per primer cop unes bases de caracterització dels teixits vius -sobretot tous- per donar suport a la selecció de materials que els puguin mimetitzar en un procés de FA, a efectes de millorar l’experiència d’assaig dels cirurgians. El caràcter rígid dels materials majoritàriament usats en impressió 3D els fa poc útils per simular tumors i altres referències anatòmiques. De forma successiva, es tracten paràmetres com la densitat, la viscoelasticitat, la caracterització dels materials tous a la indústria, l’estudi del mòdul elàstic de teixits tous i vasos, la duresa d’aquests, i requeriments com l’esterilització dels models. El segon bloc comença explorant la impressió 3D mitjançant FFF. Es classifiquen les variants del procés des del punt de vista de la multimaterialitat, essencial per fer models d’assaig quirúrgic, diferenciant entre solucions multibroquet i de barreja al capçal. S’ha inclòs l’estudi de materials (filaments i líquids) que serien més útils per mimetitzar teixits tous. Es constata com en els líquids, en comparació amb els filaments, la complexitat del treball en processos de FA és més elevada, i es determinen formes d’imprimir materials molt tous. Per acabar, s’exposen sis casos reals de col·laboració amb l’HJSD, una selecció d’aquells en els que el doctorand ha intervingut en els darrers anys. L’origen es troba en la dificultat de l’abordatge d’operacions de resecció de tumors infantils com el neuroblastoma, i a la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalment, el Bloc 3 té per objecte explorar nombrosos conceptes (fins a 8), activitat completada al llarg dels darrers cinc anys amb el suport dels mitjans del CIM UPC i de l’activitat associada a treballs finals d’estudis d’estudiants de la UPC, arribant-se a materialitzar equipaments experimentals per validar-los. La recerca ampla i sistemàtica al respecte fa que s’estigui més a prop de disposar d’una solució d’impressió 3D multimaterial de sobretaula. Es determina que la millor via de progrés és la de disposar d’una pluralitat de capçals independents a fi de capacitar la impressora 3D per integrar diversos conceptes estudiats, materialitzant-se una possible solució. Cloent la tesi, es planteja com seria un equipament d’impressió 3D per a models d’assaig quirúrgic, a fi de servir de base per a futurs desenvolupaments.
La presente tesis doctoral se ha centrado en el reto de conseguir, mediante Fabricación Aditiva (FA), modelos para ensayo quirúrgico, bajo la premisa que los equipos para obtenerlos tendrían que ser accesibles al ámbito hospitalario. El objetivo es facilitar la extensión del uso de modelos como herramienta de preparación de operaciones quirúrgicas, transformando la práctica médica actual de la misma manera que, en su momento, lo hicieron tecnologías como las que facilitaron el uso de radiografías. El motivo de utilizar FA, en lugar de tecnologías más tradicionales, es su capacidad de materializar de forma directa los datos digitales obtenidos de la anatomía del paciente mediante sistemas de escaneado tridimensional, haciendo posible la obtención de modelos personalizados. Los resultados se centran en la generación de nuevo conocimiento para conseguir equipamientos de impresión 3D multimateriales accesibles que permitan la obtención de modelos miméticos respecto a los tejidos vivos. Para facilitar la buscada extensión de la tecnología, se ha focalizado en las tecnologías de código abierto como la Fabricación por Hilo Fundido (FFF) y similares basadas en líquidos catalizables. Esta investigación se alinea dentro de la actividad de desarrollo de la FA en el CIM UPC, y en este ámbito concreto con la colaboración con el Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloque de la tesis incluye la descripción del estado del arte, detallando las tecnologías existentes y su aplicación al entorno médico. Se han establecido por primera vez unas bases de caracterización de los tejidos vivos – principalmente blandos – para dar apoyo a la selección de materiales que los puedan mimetizar en un proceso de FA, a efectos de mejorar la experiencia de ensayo de los cirujanos. El carácter rígido de los materiales mayoritariamente usados en impresión 3D los hace poco útiles para simular tumores y otras referencias anatómicas. De forma sucesiva, se tratan parámetros como la densidad, la viscoelasticidad, la caracterización de materiales blandos en la industria, el estudio del módulo elástico de tejidos blandos y vasos, la dureza de los mismos, y requerimientos como la esterilización de los modelos. El segundo bloque empieza explorando la impresión 3D mediante FFF. Se clasifican las variantes del proceso desde el punto de vista de la multimaterialidad, esencial para hacer modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, diferenciando entre soluciones multiboquilla y de mezcla en el cabezal. Se ha incluido el estudio de materiales (filamentos y líquidos) que serían más útiles para mimetizar tejidos blandos. Se constata como en los líquidos, en comparación con los filamentos, la complejidad del trabajo en procesos de FA es más elevada, y se determinan formas de imprimir materiales muy blandos. Para acabar, se exponen seis casos reales de colaboración con el HJSD, una selección de aquellos en los que el doctorando ha intervenido en los últimos años. El origen se encuentra en la dificultad del abordaje de operaciones de resección de tumores infantiles como el neuroblastoma, y en la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalmente, el Bloque 3 desarrolla numerosos conceptos (hasta 8), actividad completada a lo largo de los últimos cinco años con el apoyo de los medios del CIM UPC y de la actividad asociada a trabajos finales de estudios de estudiantes de la UPC, llegándose a materializar equipamientos experimentales para validarlos. La investigación amplia y sistemática al respecto hace que se esté más cerca de disponer de una solución de impresión 3D multimaterial de sobremesa. Se determina que la mejor vía de progreso es la de disponer de una pluralidad de cabezales independientes, a fin de capacitar la impresora 3D para integrar diversos conceptos estudiados, materializándose una posible solución. Para cerrar la tesis, se plantea cómo sería un equipamiento de impresión 3D para modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, a fin de servir de base para futuros desarrollos.
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Wu, Yi-Ling, and 吳倚伶. "Default mode network activity of ADHD using independent component analysis: preliminary results on a small animal model." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89584729129182456676.

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碩士
國立清華大學
生醫工程與環境科學系
100
In current study, we adapted independent component analysis as a data-driven based method to establish the possible Resting State Network (RSN) in rat brain. Early work has shown the feasibility of Spontaneously Hypertension Rats in modeling the behavior, gene expression, and pharmacological research of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Therefore, coupling ICA with ALFF analysis and Seed-based Functional Connectivity Analysis, we intended to establish the feasibility of having SHR as a brain function model of ADHD. In this report, we determined the distinguishable connectivity pattern in both groups and SHR exhibits generally intense activation in the cortex areas. Four findings have been revealed from the approaches: 1.) Comparison of ICA maps with different sampling rate. 2.) ALFF/ fALFF analysis. 3.) Cross correlation values in Resting state functional connectivity matrix (RSFC matrix) with different sampling rate. Our study reveals potential feasibility to model the dysfunction network in ADHD, and further, to achieve pioneer investigation in brain network under high field MRI scanner in small animal.
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Greene, Zachary. "The XENON1T Spin-Independent WIMP Dark Matter Search Results and a Model to Characterize the Reduction of Electronegative Impurities in Its 3.2 Tonne Liquid Xenon Detector." Thesis, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7916/D87M1RTN.

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Over much of the last century evidence has been building for a new component of our universe that interacts primarily through gravitation. Known as cold dark matter, this non-luminous source is predicted to constitute 83% of matter and 26% of mass-energy in the universe. Experiments are currently searching for dark matter via its possible creation in particle colliders, annihilation in high-density regions of the universe, and interactions with Standard Model particles. So far dark matter has eluded detection so its composition and properties remain a mystery. Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) are hypothetical elementary particles that interact on the scale of the weak nuclear force. They naturally satisfy predictions from extensions of the Standard Model, and are one of the most favored dark matter candidates. A number of direct detection experiments dedicated to measuring their predicted interactions with atomic nuclei have been constructed over the last 25 years. Liquid xenon dual phase time projection chambers (TPCs) have led the field for spin-independent WIMP searches at WIMP masses of >10 GeV/c^2 for most of the last decade. XENON1T is the first tonne-scale TPC, and with 278.8 days of dark matter data has set the strictest limits on WIMP-nucleon interaction cross sections above WIMP masses of 6 GeV/c^2, with a minimum of 4.1 x10^{-47} cm^2 at 30 GeV/c^2. XENON1T and the analysis that led to this result are discussed, with an emphasis on electronic and nuclear recoil calibration fits, which help discriminate between background and WIMP-like events. Interactions in liquid xenon produce light and charge that are measured in TPCs. These signals are attenuated by electronegative impurities including O_2 and H_2O, which are homogeneously distributed throughout the liquid xenon. The decrease in observables enlarges the uncertainty in our analysis, and can decrease our sensitivity. Methods on measuring the charge loss are presented, and a physics model that describes the behavior of the electronegative impurity concentration over the lifetime of XENON1T is derived. The model is shown to successfully explain the more than two years of data.
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Books on the topic "Model independent results"

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Back, Kerry E. Perpetual Options and the Leland Model. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190241148.003.0019.

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Perpetual options are time‐independent, so the fundamental PDE is actually an ODE. The optimal exercise boundary can be found by directly optimizing over the boundary or by using smooth pasting. The chapter explains the pricing of perpetual calls, perpetual puts, securities that pay a given amount at a hitting time, securities that pay at a hitting time but are knocked out if another boundary is hit first, and securities that pay cash flows continuously prior to a hitting time. The valuation results are applied to analyze the optimal bankruptcy time of a firm with a given debt burden, the optimal amount of debt for the firm, and the optimal time to take on more debt when debt is perpetual (Leland’s model of the trade‐off theory). Finite maturity debt is briey discussed.
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Bencini, Giulia M. L. Psycholinguistics. Edited by Thomas Hoffmann and Graeme Trousdale. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195396683.013.0021.

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This chapter focuses on psycholinguistics of language production. It provides empirical evidence for and against the two-stage model of language production, which assumes separate levels for functional (semantic and syntactic) processing, as well as for positional processing. The chapter also discusses the results of studies supporting the existence of lexically independent structure building operations in language production in addition to lexical representations. It also contends that lexically independent structural processes often receive a straightforward interpretation as abstract constructions in a Construction Grammar framework.
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Briggs, Jessica. The Comprehensive Narrative-Crisis Model of Suicide. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190260859.003.0003.

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The narrative crisis model of suicide posits that individuals attempt suicide when they experience a distinct emotional state termed the suicide crisis syndrome. This chapter describes the model, which has three components: trait vulnerability, suicidal narrative, and the suicidal crisis syndrome. Trait vulnerability includes all static risk factors, which are relatively stable over time and distal to acute suicidal behavior. Suicidal narrative describes a suicidal person’s perception of his or her life story in which the past has led to an intolerable present and a future that is unimaginable. The suicidal crisis syndrome (SCS) is a distinct emotional state characterized by entrapment, affective dysregulation, and loss of cognitive control. The result is the suicidal act, brought on by an emotional urge to end the intolerable mental pain of SCS. Imminent suicide risk is primarily determined by SCS intensity, to which both trait vulnerability and the suicidal narrative also contribute independently.
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Makatjane, Katleho, and Roscoe van Wyk. Identifying structural changes in the exchange rates of South Africa as a regime-switching process. UNU-WIDER, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2020/919-8.

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Exchange rate volatility is said to exemplify the economic health of a country. Exchange rate break points (known as structural breaks) have a momentous impact on the macroeconomy of a country. Nonetheless, this country study makes use of both unsupervised and supervised machine learning algorithms to classify structural changes as regime shifts in real exchange rates in South Africa. Weekly data for the period January 2003–June 2020 are used. To these data we apply both non-linear principal component analysis and Markov-switching generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity. The former approach is used to reduce the dimensionality of the data using an orthogonal linear transformation by preserving the statistical variance of the data, with the proviso that a new trait is non-linearly independent, and it identifies the number of regime switches that are to be used in the Markov-switching model. The latter is used to partition the variance in each regime by allowing an estimation of multiple break transitions. The transition breakpoints estimates derived from this machine learning approach produce results that are comparable to other methods on similar system sizes. Application of these methods shows that the machine learning approach can also be employed to identify structural changes as a regime-switching process. During times of financial crisis, the growing concern over exchange rate volatility, including its adverse effects on employment and growth, broadens the debates on exchange rate policies. Our results should help the South African monetary policy committee to anticipate when exchange rates will pick up and be prepared for the effects of periods of high exchange rates.
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Caramello, Olivia. Flat functors and classifying toposes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758914.003.0007.

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This chapter develops a general theory of extensions of flat functors along geometric morphisms of toposes; the attention is focused in particular on geometric morphisms between presheaf toposes induced by embeddings of categories and on geometric morphisms to the classifying topos of a geometric theory induced by a small category of set-based models of the latter. A number of general results of independent interest are established on the way, including developments on colimits of internal diagrams in toposes and a way of representing flat functors by using a suitable internalized version of the Yoneda lemma. These general results will be instrumental for establishing in Chapter 6 the main theorem characterizing the class of geometric theories classified by a presheaf topos and for applying it.
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Mandujano Miranda, Laura Araceli, and Enrique Armas Arévalos. Competitividad Internacional de las Empresas Exportadoras de Aguacate Michoacano a Estados Unidos: Un Estudio de Caso del Municipio de Tacámbaro. Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33110/cep.ininee.11.2021.

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ABSTRACT The objective of this research is to determine how quality, price and tech - nological innovation influence the competitiveness of avocado exporting companies of the municipality of Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico in the United States Market. To this end, a theoretical review was carried out, starting with classical theories until reaching the theory of competitive ad - vantage and finally reviewing models of competitiveness. To evaluate the influence of the variables, a questionnaire was applied to collect informa - tion, which was processed in the SPSS program. The results obtained show that the independent variables significantly influence the competitiveness of avocado exporting companies from Tacámbaro, Michoacán, Mexico in the United States Market
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Thompson, Norris B., and SreyRam Kuy. Multivariable Predictors of Postoperative Surgical Site Infection after General and Vascular Surgery. Edited by SreyRam Kuy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199384075.003.0013.

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This landmark study proposed a model for predicting surgical site infections (SSI). Using logistic regression analysis, variables independently associated with increased risk of SSI were identified, which included smoking, alcohol use, comorbidities, disseminated cancer, weight loss greater than 10%, emergency surgery, and length of operative time. This chapter describes the basics of the study, including funding, year study began, year study was published, study location, who was studied, who was excluded, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, gives a summary and discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.
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Smalskys, Vainius, and Jolanta Urbanovič. Civil Service Systems. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.160.

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Civil service consists of civil servants and their activity when implementing the assigned functions and decisions made by politicians. In other words, it is a system of civil servants who perform the assigned functions of public administration. The corpus of civil servants consists of people who work in central and local public administration institutions. The concept and scope of civil service in a particular country depends on the legal framework that defines the areas of public and private sectors and their relationship. In many countries, civil service consists of an upper level, a mid-level, and civil servants who work for coordinating, independent, and auxiliary institutions. However, the scope of civil service in different countries varies. When analyzing/comparing civil service systems of different countries, researchers often categorize them as Western European, continental European, Anglo-American, Anglo-Saxon, Eastern European, Scandinavian, Mediterranean, Asian, or African.All European Union member states can be classified into two groups: the career system—dominant in continental Europe, with the prevalence of traditional-hierarchical public administration, rational bureaucracy, and formalized operational rules—and the position system—dominant in Anglo-Saxon countries, with the prevalence of managerial principles, pragmatic administration, and charismatic leadership. Neither of the two models exists in pure form. If features of the career model dominate in the civil service of a country, it is identified as a country with the career CS model; if elements of the position model dominate the country is identified as a country with the position civil service model. An intermediate version of this model, characteristic of a number of countries, is the mixed/hybrid model.Many civil service researchers claim that in the case of two competing systems of civil service—closed (the career model) and open (the position model)—reforms of the open civil service system win. It has been argued that the organizing principles of the open, result-oriented civil service system (the position model), which is under the influence of “new public management,” will permanently “drive out” the closed, vertically integrated and formal procedure-oriented career model. Scholars argue that civil servants of the future will have to be at ease with more complexity and flexibility. They will have to be comfortable with change, often rapid change. At the same time, they will make more autonomous decisions and be more responsible, accountable, performance-oriented, and subject to new competency and skill requirements.
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Saks, Alan M. Job Search and the School-to-Work Transition. Edited by Ute-Christine Klehe and Edwin van Hooft. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764921.013.008.

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The school-to-work transition (STWT) is a major life event for those who must leave behind their lives as full-time students and begin new lives as a full-time employees. Although much has been written about the STWT, the role and importance of job search has often been neglected. At the same time, research on job search has tended to treat the job-search process as an independent and isolated activity. In this chapter, I describe an integrated model of job search within the context of the STWT. It shows that job search is preceded by a career-planning and development stage and followed by a work-adjustment stage. A successful STWT requires students to engage in a number of behaviors at each stage which should result in numerous outcomes that are necessary for a successful transition to the next stage. The model shows that job search is a critical part of the STWT that connects the career-planning and development stage to the work-adjustment stage. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the implications of the model for job search and STWT research and practice.
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Charles, Parkinson. 1 Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199231935.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter defines the scope of this book by setting out the British overseas territories and the timing of their decolonization and the meaning of the term ‘bill of rights’. It also identifies the two major existing theories on the reasons for the growth of bills of rights in the British overseas territories during the 1950s and 1960s: first, that bills of rights were incorporated into colonial constitutions as a result of local demand for minority protection at independence; second, that bills of rights appeared throughout the British territories as a result of Britain's extension of the European Convention on Human Rights over her overseas territories. The chapter also explains the methodological approach of the book, namely to model the complex interrelationship between the key decision makers in each of the overseas territories examined.
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Book chapters on the topic "Model independent results"

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Yu, Emily, Armin Biere, and Keijo Heljanko. "Progress in Certifying Hardware Model Checking Results." In Computer Aided Verification, 363–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81688-9_17.

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AbstractWe present a formal framework to certify k-induction-based model checking results. The key idea is the notion of a k-witness circuit which simulates the given circuit and has a simple inductive invariant serving as proof certificate. Our approach allows to check proofs with an independent proof checker by reducing the certification problem to pure SAT checks and checking a simple QBF with one quantifier alternation. We also present Certifaiger, the resulting certification toolkit, and evaluate it on instances from the hardware model checking competition. Our experiments show the practical use of our certification method.
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Galanis, Andreas, Qi Ge, Daniel Štefankovič, Eric Vigoda, and Linji Yang. "Improved Inapproximability Results for Counting Independent Sets in the Hard-Core Model." In Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques, 567–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22935-0_48.

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Kelley, David J. "Preliminary Results and Analysis Independent Core Observer Model (ICOM) Cognitive Architecture in a Mediated Artificial Super Intelligence (mASI) System." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 179–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25719-4_23.

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Budde, Carlos E., and Arnd Hartmanns. "Replicating $$\textsc {Restart}$$ with Prolonged Retrials: An Experimental Report." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, 373–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72013-1_21.

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AbstractStatistical model checking uses Monte Carlo simulation to analyse stochastic formal models. It avoids state space explosion, but requires rare event simulation techniques to efficiently estimate very low probabilities. One such technique is $$\textsc {Restart}$$ R E S T A R T . Villén-Altamirano recently showed—by way of a theoretical study and ad-hoc implementation—that a generalisation of $$\textsc {Restart}$$ R E S T A R T to prolonged retrials offers improved performance. In this paper, we demonstrate our independent replication of the original experimental results. We implemented $$\textsc {Restart}$$ R E S T A R T with prolonged retrials in the and tools, and apply them to the models used originally. To do so, we had to resolve ambiguities in the original work, and refine our setup multiple times. We ultimately confirm the previous results, but our experience also highlights the need for precise documentation of experiments to enable replicability in computer science.
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Bergem, Ole Kristian, Trude Nilsen, Oleksandra Mittal, and Henrik Galligani Ræder. "Can Teachers’ Instruction Increase Low-SES Students’ Motivation to Learn Mathematics?" In Equity, Equality and Diversity in the Nordic Model of Education, 251–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61648-9_10.

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AbstractStudents’ motivation in mathematics has been shown to predict their achievement and whether they pursue a later career in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics). To sustain equity in education, it is important that students are motivated for the STEM fields, independent of their background characteristics (e.g., gender and SES). Previous research has revealed that students’ motivation declines from primary to secondary school. The present study investigates whether this unwanted development may be related to students’ SES, and more importantly, what aspects of teachers’ instruction are related to student motivation for low, medium, and high-SES student groups in grade 5 and 9. We use data from students in grades 5 and 9 and their teachers who participated in TIMSS 2015 in Norway. Multilevel (students and classes), multi-group structural equation modelling is used to answer the research questions. In line with previous research from Germany and the USA, the results showed that SES is more important to student motivation in secondary than primary school, that low SES students’ motivation depends more on their teachers’ instructional quality than high SES students and that this dependency is stronger in secondary school than in primary school. The implications and contributions of the study are discussed.
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Xiang, Yang, Xiaohua Hu, Nicholas J. Cercone, and Howard J. Hamilton. "Learning Pseudo-independent Models: Analytical and Experimental Results." In Advances in Artificial Intelligence, 227–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45486-1_19.

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Buss, Samuel R. "On Model Theory for Intuitionistic Bounded Arithmetic with Applications to Independence Results." In Feasible Mathematics, 27–47. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3466-1_3.

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Osadcha, Olena. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE MODEL OF STUDENTS’ INDEPENDENT WORK UNDER CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING." In Іншомовна комунікація: інноваційні та традиційні підходи, 273–89. Primedia eLaunch LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/ikitp.monograph-2021.13.

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The article deals with the development of the model of students’ independent work under conditions of distance learning. The importance of the research into this problem is determined, on the one hand, by the growing possibilities of using various information technologies and, on the other hand by the necessity to adapt to the conditions of today’s world where independent work of students is becoming increasingly important. The advantages and disadvantages of distance learning have been explored. The author studied the role of independent work in the formation of the professional competences of students. The issue of modeling in the area of education has been tackled. The approaches to the development of the model of independent work have been identified and analyzed. The components of the model, such as the goal, the tasks, the content, the methods, the means and evaluation of results have been determined and characterized. The prospects of further development of this research are related to the exploration of models of independent work of students majoring in different areas.
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Smith, Ronnie W., and D. Richard Hipp. "Experimental Results." In Spoken Natural Language Dialog Systems. Oxford University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195091878.003.0009.

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One of the main goals of this research was to develop a computational model that could be implemented and tested. Testing could serve at least two purposes: (1) Demonstrate the viability of the Missing Axiom Theory for dialog processing; and (2) Determine the ways that varying levels of dialog control influence the interaction between user and computer. Consequently, an experiment involving use of the system was constructed to test the effects of different levels of dialog control. The format and results of this experiment are reported in this chapter. The following hypotheses are proposed as performance differences by users as they gain experience and have the initiative. • Task completion time will decrease. • The number of utterances per dialog will decrease. • The percentage of “non-trivial” utterances will increase (a nontrivial utterance is any utterance longer than one word). • The average length of a non-trivial utterance will increase. • The rate of speech (number of utterances per minute) will decrease. These hypotheses are consistent with the intuition that as the user has more initiative, the user will put more thought into the process, reducing the rate of interaction. In addition, it is expected that when the user has more initiative, there would be an attempt to convey more detailed information in each non-trivial utterance. Finally, it is also believed that increased user initiative will be more helpful when the user gains experience and has more knowledge about performing the task independent of computer guidance. Two graduate students in computer science volunteered to use the system. Each subject received about 75 minutes of training on the speech recognizer with the 125 word vocabulary. The subjects then participated in three sessions on differing days. Each session consisted of four different problems where each problem consisted of a single missing wire. The results from these subjects tended to support our hypotheses. However, the experimental control for this testing was not well-defined. The two subjects are involved in AI and NL research and consequently have strong preconceptions about NL systems and what constitutes “proper” behavior toward such systems.
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Mouna, Aloui, and Jarboui Anis. "The Primary Origin of the Financial Crisis." In Financial Crises - A Selection of Readings. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86173.

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This paper examines the relationship between the stock return volatility, outside directors, independent directors, and variable control using simultaneous-equation panel data models for a panel of 89 France-listed companies on the SBF 120 over the period of 2006–2012. Our results showed that the outside directors (FD) and audit size increase the stock return volatility. Furthermore, the results indicate that the independent directors and ROA have a negative effect on the stock return volatility; this result indicates that these variables contribute to decrease and stabilize the stock return volatility. This study employs a variety of econometric models, including feedback, to test the robustness of our empirical results. Also, we examine the relationship between the corporate governance and the stock returns volatility, exchange rate, and treasury bill using GARCH-BEKK model for a panel of 99 French firms over the period of 2006–2013.
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Conference papers on the topic "Model independent results"

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Miller, Gerald. "Model independent results for nucleon structure." In LIGHT CONE 2008 Relativistic Nuclear and Particle Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.061.0025.

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Дуда, Любомир, and Юрій Вознюк. "IMPROVEMENT OF METHOD, MODEL OF ARCHITECTURALLY INDEPENDENT HARDWARE PLATFORMS." In Problems and prospects of implementation of innovative research results, chair Ярослав Корпань. European Scientific Platform, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/13.12.2019.v2.05.

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Lombaerts, Thomas, Stefan Schuet, Vahram Stepanyan, John Kaneshige, Gordon Hardy, Kimberlee H. Shish, Peter Robinson, et al. "Design and Piloted Simulator Evaluation Results of Model Independent Stall Recovery Guidance." In AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2019-0132.

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LaFleur, Ronald S. "A Scale Independent Model for Turbine Surface Cooling." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50428.

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As part of an undergraduate course in design of thermodynamic systems, a highly loaded turbine, such as a power turbine or high bypass turbofan, is modeled as a modified Brayton cycle. On a smaller scale, the vane, blade, liner and seal surfaces of modern high pressure turbine (HPT) parts are exposed to gas path temperatures that far exceed the base metal material-life capability. A cooling method such as compressor bleed allows high combustion temperatures to attain high turbine output but is considered a negative on overall cycle performance. The required cooling flow must be included as its impact on the cycle-scale calculations can be significant. At the thermodynamic education level, the cooling model for part surfaces must be such that expertise in heat transfer is not required. At the same time, the cooling model for the cycle must represent key influences of cooling technologies. To bridge this educational gap, a scale independent model for surface cooling is required. This is important because thermodynamic cycle conditions impact detailed surface cooling features and, in the opposite direction, surface-material cooling demands are calculated in the cycle model. The cooling issues are scale independent when characteristic temperatures track the engine and surface cooling design. A surface cooling model is shown with five cooling technologies working in tandem: film cooling, thermal barrier coating (TBC), base metal conduction, passage convection cooling and backside convection cooling. Six new definitions for cooling technology effectivenesses are introduced. The result is a basis for communicating the impact of small scale cooling design on large scale engine performance. Two applications at different scales, the cooling demand for a rotor stage and the film decay over a 1st vane surface patch, are used to demonstrate the model and show where counter-intuitive results may arise.
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Plenker, Désirée, Evelyn Heins, and Jürgen Grabe. "Shape Optimisation of Model Scale Geotextile Sand Containers (GSC) Regarding Sinking Behaviour: First Results of Physical Model Tests." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54873.

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Energy transition towards sustainable power generation affects the offshore wind energy sector greatly. Due to extensive research work and technological developments, the number of foundation types for offshore wind energy plants has increased significantly. Independent of foundation type, each structure influences the ecological and hydrodynamic regime surrounding the structure. As a consequence, local flow turbulences may cause scours at the seabed and can lead to a reduction of structure stability. Geotextile sand containers (GSC) are an approved method for scour protection. During installation of scour protection systems, the sinking behaviour of GSC is affected by translational and rotational movement, which impedes an accurate positioning of GSC. Physical model tests have been conducted to analyse the influence of container shape and material properties of GSC. This paper presents the results of these model tests.
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Goedecke, A., R. L. Jackson, and R. Mock. "Analytical Results for the Resolution-Dependent Progression of Contact Area in a Multi-Scale Contact Model." In ASME/STLE 2009 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2009-15179.

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This work presents an analytical solution of a multi-scale contact model for nominally flat rough surfaces. Based on an extension of the multi-scale model of Jackson and Streator incorporating certain fractal properties, the model investigates the resolution-dependent contact area as a function of load. The progression of contact from full contact to clusters of contact regions, and from elastic to plastic asperity behavior is described in a concise, analytical formulation. Moreover, using an appropriately defined dimensionless scale number, this progression is found to be essentially independent of the roughness. The latter, however, determines how fast the progression is traversed. In a comparison with previous models, e.g. the Persson diffusion model, the present model is found to show good quantitative and qualitative agreement in spite of its more simplistic construction.
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Ragavan, Anpalaki J., Cahit A. Evrensel, and Peter Krumpe. "A Study on the Parameters Influencing Clearance of Mucus During Cough in a Model Trachea." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53941.

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There are large numbers of physiological, material and geometrical parameters that influence the efficiency of clearance of mucus by cough in human airways. In this study the effect of ten independent variables on the displacement of simulated airway mucus in a rigid model trachea during cough is explored. This is the first attempt in combining these 10 parameters into a single non-dimensional group. Eight hundred (800) different combinations of these parameters are used to test its feasibility experimentally. All independent variables had variance inflation less than 10 indicating adequate independence among them. Although additional tests may be needed to confirm, the preliminary test results are promising.
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McGovern, Seamus M. "Simulator Validation Results and Proposed Reporting Format From Flight Testing a Software Model of a Complex, High-Performance Airplane." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67482.

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Computer simulations are often used in aviation studies. These simulation tools may require complex, high-fidelity aircraft models. Since many of the flight models used are third-party developed products, independent validation is desired prior to implementation. Due to the variety of processes used by the different industries and organizations that make use of flight models, the proprietary nature of some desired data, the relative availability of data-rich pilot manuals, and their standardized, rigorous nature, formal processes based in experimental and certification flight test are proposed for objectively and consistently validating these models and their associated aircraft types. The results of application of these detailed flight test techniques is then reported using a blade element theory-based flight model with a complex, high-performance aircraft model. Finally, a concise data analysis and reporting format is proposed and demonstrated using this same aircraft model.
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Wu, Haotian, and Haiyan Zhang. "Model-Based Design and Evaluation of Electric Vehicle Powertrain With Independent Driving Motors." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47980.

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The transfer case based all-wheel drive electric vehicle (TCAWDEV) and dual-axle AWDEV have been investigated to balance concerns about energy consumption, drivability and stability of vehicles. An ideal AWDEV (IAWDEV) powertrain architecture is proposed by this research; the architecture has an independent driving motor at each wheel; in essence, the IAWDEV is a distributed powertrain that provides various combinations of torque vector control. This research also investigated the simplified methods to estimate the battery capacity and the operation envelope of motors, and employed model-based evaluation approaches to recursively identify the proper powertrain components. The model-based evaluation was conducted in LMS AMESim. The results show that the IAWDEV could reduce the complexity of drivetrain, and also can harvest more braking energy under poor road contact.
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Pacovsky, Jaroslav, Radek Travnicek, and Radek Vasicek. "Some Results From Geotechnical Research on Bentonite." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1240.

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Abstract A solution of safe isolation of radioactive waste represents a multidisciplinary problem. The waste isolation is to be provided by a multi-barrier system of an underground repository based on a system of several barriers. The system will consist of a container with high level radioactive wastes itself, an engineering barrier — currently intended to be based on ‘bentonites’ — and natural barrier formed with a suitable rock environment. Each of those barriers alone should prevent spreading of hazardous radionuclides from the container to the biosphere. In its main part, this paper deals with laboratory research of some most important geotechnical requirements for the engineering barrier, assumedly based on bentonites materials. The group of tested properties contains: • Hydrophysical properties - permeability, swelling ability, Atterberg’s consistency limits • Physico-technical properties - thermal properties • Rheology Creation of mathematical and physical models forms an independent part of the complex research project for materials of the geotechnical part of the engineering barrier. In the conclusion a short consideration on a prepared physical model of container has been made.
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Reports on the topic "Model independent results"

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Wolski, A. Initial Results from Model Independent Analysis of the KEK ATF. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/826790.

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Haarsager, Ulrike, Claudia Figueroa, Chiaki Yamamoto, Fernando Barbosa, Anna Funaro, Galia Rabchinsky, Melanie Putic, et al. Evaluation of IDB Lab: Strategic Relevance. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003405.

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This report presents the findings of the first phase of an evaluation of IDB Lab, which until 2018 was known as the Multilateral Investment Fund (MIF). The mandate for this independent evaluation stems from the second capital replenishment of the MIF (MIF III), which was approved by MIF Donors in April 2017 and became effective in March 2019. The Agreement Establishing the MIF III lays out the expected functions of the Fund and establishes that, any time after the first anniversary of the MIF III, IDB's Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) is to conduct an independent evaluation to: i. Review MIF results in light of the purpose and functions of the MIF III Agreement; ii. Assess MIF operations for relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, innovation, sustainability, and additionality; iii. Determine to what extent progress has been made on implementing the approved recommendations of OVE's 2013 evaluation of the MIF. Donors requested that OVE deliver an evaluation of IDB Lab in 2021 to inform discussions about the Lab's future and funding model. As a result, OVE included this evaluation in its 2020/2021 work program and developed an Approach Paper (Annex V) issued in October 2020. OVE is conducting the evaluation in two overlapping phases. The first phase, conducted from April 2020 to May 2021, evaluated the relevance of IDB Lab's mandate, strategic focus, and corporate setup. Its findings are presented in this report. A second phase of the evaluation, currently ongoing, evaluates IDB Lab operations. This is OVE's third independent corporate evaluation of the MIF requested by Donors.
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Howard, Heidi, Chad Helmle, Raina Dwivedi, and Daniel Gambill. Stormwater Management and Optimization Toolbox. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39480.

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As stormwater regulations for hydrologic and water quality control become increasingly stringent, Department of Defense (DoD) facilities are faced with the daunting task of complying with multiple laws and regulations. This often requires facilities to plan, design, and implement structural best management practices (BMPs) to capture, filter, and/or infiltrate runoff—requirements that can be complicated, contradictory, and difficult to plan. This project demonstrated the Stormwater Management Optimization Toolbox (SMOT), a spreadsheet-based tool that effectively analyzes and plans for compliance to the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 pre-hydrologic conditions through BMP implementation, resulting in potential cost savings by reducing BMP sizes while simultaneously achieving compliance with multiple objectives. SMOT identifies the most cost-effective modeling method based on an installation’s local conditions (soils, rainfall patterns, drainage network, and regulatory requirements). The work first demonstrated that the Model Selection Tool (MST) recommendation accurately results in the minimum BMP cost for 45 facilities of widely varying climatic and regional conditions, and then demonstrated SMOT at two facilities.
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