Academic literature on the topic 'Modèles espace-état'

The heterocyclic indole structure has been shown to be one of the most promising scaffolds, offering various medicinal advantages from its wide range of biological activity. Nonetheless, the significance of 3-oxindole has been less known. In this study, a series of novel 3-oxindole-2-carboxylates were synthesized and their antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection was evaluated. Among these, methyl (E)-2-(3-chloroallyl)-4,6-dimethyl-one (6f) exhibited the most potent inhibitory effect on HIV-1 infection, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.4578 μM but without severe cytotoxicity (selectivity index (SI) = 111.37). The inhibitory effect of these compounds on HIV-1 infection was concordant with their inhibitory effect on the viral replication cycle. Mode-of-action studies have shown that these prominent derivatives specifically inhibited the Tat-mediated viral transcription on the HIV-1 LTR promoter instead of reverse transcription or integration. Overall, our findings indicate that 3-oxindole derivatives could be useful as a potent scaffold for the development of a new class of anti-HIV-1 agents.

Au XVIII e siècle en France, le métadiscours sur les « ouvrages de l'esprit », et plus précisément sur le secteur poésie, connaît une prolifération qui indique une crise du mode d'écriture dit art poétique, à la suite de la Querelle des Anciens et des Modernes. L'art poétique, déchu de sa qualité de poème et gangrené par un discours à ambition philosophique qui l'évince d'autant mieux qu'il reste dans le même espace théorique de la recherche des règles, subsiste sous la forme réductrice d'un discours pédagogique, alors que se multiplient les inventions d'auteurs dans des secteurs particuliers et qu'apparaît incidemment, dans la Poétiquede Marmontel, une tentative de science de la littérature.

This study examined how electronic tax system (E- tax system) reduces tax evasion in Nigeria. The survey sample was drawn from Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) staff and small and medium-scale enterprise taxpayers registered in F.C.T., Abuja, Nigeria. Primary data was derived from a questionnaire administered to a population of 60 officials and employees of the FIRS and taxpayers at a small and medium-scale enterprise registered in F.C.T., Abuja, Nigeria. The secondary data used was extracted from the tax revenue collection report on the FIRS platform for 2000–2019 (20 years). The conclusive research design was used. General linear model and linear regression were used to analyze the data collected. The E-tax system was measured using actual tax revenues and the level of electronic tax services. In contrast, tax evasion was measured using tax compliance and mind-set of taxpayers towards E-tax system. Taxpayers’ attitudes towards E-tax system, actual tax revenue, tax compliance and the level of electronic tax services were used as mediating and control variables; thus, results established a significant relationship, and this relationship is an adverse one. The work shows that an effective electronic tax system will significantly reduce tax evasion. Therefore, the proper implementation of the electronic tax system helps mitigate the problem of tax evasion that causes economic and social detriments in the tax administration system.

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji bagaimanakah penerapan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TAI (Team Assisted Individualization), mengetahui keaktifan siswa dan mengetahui presentase ketuntasan belajar siswa pada materi sistem persamaan linier dua variabel siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 3 Probolinggo Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019.
 Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). 
 Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dalam penelitian ini Penerapan pembelajaran kooperatif Teams Asssisted Individualization (TAI) dengan Authentic Assesment membuat siswa menjadi aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Hal ini dapat ditunjukkan pada hasil analisis data observasi siswa. Persentase aktivitas siswa untuk mental activities, writing activities, oral activities, visual activities, listening activities, dan tidak aktif pada siklus I masing-masing sebesar 33,1%, 36,65%, 33,27%, 31,58%, 25,16%, dan 20,27% pada siklus II sebesar 37,83%, 40,54%, 36,14%, 34,45%, 28,37%, 19,42%. Pada aktivitas kegiatan kelompok persentase keaktifan untuk oral activities, visual activities dan tidak aktif untuk siklus I masing-masing sebesar 48,43%, 42,96%, 23,43% sedangkan pada siklus II sebesar 53,9%, 46,87%, 17,18%. Persentase ketuntasan belajar secara klasikal setelah penerapan model pembelajaran TAI dengan Authentic Assessment pada materi system persamaan linier dua variable siswa kelas X sebesar 91,89% untuk siklus I dan 94,59% untuk siklus II.

ABSTRACT Proteins that are produced for commercial purposes in Bacillus subtilis are commonly secreted via the Sec pathway. Despite its high secretion capacity, the secretion of heterologous proteins via the Sec pathway is often unsuccessful. Alternative secretion routes, like the Tat pathway, are therefore of interest. Two parallel Tat pathways with distinct specificities have previously been discovered in B. subtilis. To explore the application potential of these Tat pathways, several commercially relevant or heterologous model proteins were fused to the signal peptides of the known B. subtilis Tat substrates YwbN and PhoD. Remarkably, the YwbN signal peptide directed secretion of active subtilisin, a typical Sec substrate, via the B. subtilis TatAyCy route. In contrast, the same signal peptide directed Tat-independent secretion of the Bacillus licheniformis α-amylase (AmyL). Moreover, the YwbN signal peptide directed secretion of SufI, an Escherichia coli Tat substrate, in a Tat-independent manner, most likely via Sec. Our results suggest that cytoplasmic protein folding prior to translocation is probably a major determinant of Tat-dependent protein secretion in B. subtilis, as is the case with E. coli. We conclude that future applications for the Tat system of B. subtilis will most likely involve commercially interesting proteins that are Sec incompatible.

(francuski) Nous aimerions montrer que Le Terrier de Kafka est repr?sentatif de l??trange ?intersubjectivit?? telle qu?elle peut ?tre pens?e chez un auteur ?mineur?. La nouvelle tend ? nous rappeler qu??tre un sujet ? part enti?re (susceptible d?intersubjectivit?) c?est tout d?abord occuper une place ?majeure? dans la soci?t?. C?est ? cette condition que peut ?tre d?pass? le moi animal, que peut ?tre risqu?e la vie, pour se poser comme ma?tre. Ceux qui occupent une place mineure en sont r?duit ? un Moi animal au sens h?g?lien, pour qui la vie est la supr?me valeur. Ils n?ont pas la force de la risquer et ne peuvent donc entrer dans une lutte frontale pour l?affirmation de leur libert? et de leurs droits, dite de ma?trise. Leur espace de lutte n?est pas une sc?ne publique, de bataille, une sc?ne de la repr?sentation pour filer la m?taphore th??trale, mais un boyau souterrain duquel, dans leur farouche isolement, ils entendent grouiller d?autres consciences prisonni?res comme eux. Cellesci n?arrivent pas ? acc?der ? la lumi?re de la reconnaissance publique, condition d?une existence pleinement accomplie chez Hegel, pour qui l?homme trouve son accomplissement en tant que citoyen de l??tat. Ceux qui sont ? la marge doivent inventer de nouvelles formes de luttes, souterraines, sous la figure du couloir retors, du r?seau, de l?interaction, de branchement de masses entre elles.

Kemajuan dalam teknologi informasi memberi kesempatan pada institusi pendidikan untuk mengadopsi teknologi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pembelajaran. e-Learning merupakan salah satu pengembangan tersebut dan tidak dapat disampaikan tanpa menggunakan teknologi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendapatkan bukti empiris terkait actual usage dari penggunaan e-learning dengan pemediasi intention to use. Data dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 135 kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada mahasiswa Universitas Airlangga yang sempat memanfaatkan AULA. AULA merupakan portal e-Learning di Universitas Airlangga, yang merupakan singkatan dari Airlangga Univeristy e-Learning Application. Alat uji yang digunakan adalah Warp PLS. Perceived usefulness yang dirasakan pada penggunaan e-learning tidak memberikan pengaruh pada actual usage. Perceived ease of use memiliki hubungan signifikan pada intention to use. Hasil pengujian pengaruh tidak langsung menunjukkan perceived usefulness mempengaruhi niat perilaku untuk menggunakan teknologi. Persepsi kemudahan menggunakan teknologi dimotivasi tingkat kepercayaan individu terhadap kemampuan menggunakan teknologi, yang mana akan mendorong persepsi kebermanfaatan dan berimplikasi pada niat untuk menggunakan teknologi untuk menggunakan e-learning.Kata kunci: Actual Usage, perceived ease of use, e-Learning, intention to use Actual usage use of e-learning with Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) AbstractProgress in information technology provides opportunities for education to encourage technology to improve learning efficiency. E-Learning is one such development and cannot be delivered without using technology. The purpose of the study is to get empirical evidence related to actual usage of using e-learning with intention to use as a mediation. Data used in the study were 135 questionnaires that distributed to students of Airlangga University who are active or have used / participated in AULA (Airlangga University e-Learning Application). AULA is an e-Learning portal at Airlangga University. Data analysis techniques using Warp PLS. The results show the perceived usefulness of e-learning, does not affect the actual use. Perceived ease of use has a significant positive relationship with intention to use. The results evaluation direct effect of perceived usefulness influences intention to use technology. Perceived ease of use of technology is motivated by the level of individual trust in ability to use technology, which will encourage perceptions of usefulness and have implications for the intention to use technology to use e-learning.Keywords: Actual Usage, perceived ease of use, e-learning, intention to use

Information technology can work with the execution of work to accomplish ideal and most extreme usage. To make government services advanced, the role of the government from the central to the regional levels is vital. The East Kotawaringin Regency Government utilizes the e-government system with the intention that all services to the community become easier and more transparent. This study examines the factors of the ease of use of village service information technology and the benefits obtained from village service information technology in terms of attitudes, desires, and real behavior by adapting the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This study will suggest public services, particularly town organizations required by the local area in East Kotawaringin during the Covid 19 pandemic. Information examination was done in this concentrate on utilizing the Partial Least Square (PLS) strategy utilizing WarpPLS programming form 7. The outcomes show client comfort factors, saw helpfulness, perspectives, conduct expectations, and genuine conduct have a positive and huge impact on innovation in the town.

A complete mathematical model for measuring the parameters of the scattering matrix for a measurement object [Sx] in the form of a four-port network is developed, in which the mathematical model of the eight-port error is described by 16 parameters of the scattering matrix [E]. In addition, in comparison with the 12-parameter model of the eight-port error network, four parameters are included, which allow taking into account leaks, parasitic transmissions of microwave modules under study (microwave microassemblies). Due to the use of matrix analysis methods, the equations in matrix form are obtained that connect the matrices of the measurement object [Sи] and the actual values of the matrix parameters [Sx], with the aim of enabling the solution of these equations instead of the scattering matrix [E] to use a transmition matrix [T] in the form of cellular matrices [Taa], [Tab], [Tba], [Tbb].

<p><em>This </em><em>study develops E-learninglearning model. By applying E-learninglearning design, it facilitates lecturer and student to expand supporting course on their own. E-learningsystem design uses technology acceptance model concept (TAM) which is a technology and information system acceptance model will be used by the user. The construct in technology acceptance mode is perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude towards behavior, behavioral intention, and actual technology use. Hypothesis test used structural equation modeling (SEM). By testing the validity and reliability, Model fit criteria, Output Laten Variable coefficients, Output Indirect and total Effects, seven hypothesis which would be examined, five hypothesis are accepted and two hypothesis are rejected.</em></p>