Journal articles on the topic 'Modality preferences'
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Kavale, Kenneth A., and Steven R. Forness. "Substance over Style: Assessing the Efficacy of Modality Testing and Teaching." Exceptional Children 54, no. 3 (November 1987): 228–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001440298705400305.
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The techniques of meta-analysis were used to arrive at a quantitative synthesis of findings from 39 studies searching for aptitude-treatment interactions. The primary findings indicated that neither modality assessment nor modality instruction were efficacious. When subjects were assessed to ascertain modality preferences, considerable overlap was found between groups exhibiting a modality preference and those not exhibiting such a preference. Modality preference groups were not as clearly differentiated as assumed. With respect to instruction, no benefits accrued to subjects taught by methods matched to their modality preferences. When compared to control subjects receiving no special instruction, the subjects in the modality preference groups receiving differential instruction exhibited only modest gains. In sum, no empirical support was rendered for the modality model. It was concluded that, although intuitively appealing, the modality model should be dismissed and efforts be directed at enhancing general instructional methodology.
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Chen, Chun-Ying. "The Influence of Representational Formats and Learner Modality Preferences on Instructional Efficiency Using Interactive Video Tutorials." Journal of Education and Training 7, no. 2 (August 22, 2020): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jet.v7i2.17415.
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This study investigated how to create effective interactive video tutorials for learning computer-based tasks. The role of learner modality preferences was also considered. A 4 × 4 between-subjects factorial design was employed to examine the influence of instruction representational formats (noninteractive static, interactive static, interactive visual-only video with onscreen text, interactive video with audio narration) and learner modality preferences (visual, aural, read/write, multimodal) on instructional efficiency. Instructional efficiency was a combined effect of test performance and perceived cognitive load during learning. The results suggested that implementing interactivity into the video tutorials tended to increase transfer performance, and the role of modality preferences was related to learners’ perceived cognitive load. The significant interaction effect on transfer efficiency indicated: (a) the auditory preference tended to exhibit better transfer efficiency with the narrated video, and (b) the read/write preference tended to exhibit better transfer efficiency with both the noninteractive static format and the captioned video. This study highlighted the importance of considering individual differences in modality preferences, particularly that of auditory and read/write learners.
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Slater, Jill A., Heidi L. Lujan, and Stephen E. DiCarlo. "Does gender influence learning style preferences of first-year medical students?" Advances in Physiology Education 31, no. 4 (December 2007): 336–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00010.2007.
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Students have specific learning style preferences, and these preferences may be different between male and female students. Understanding a student's learning style preference is an important consideration when designing classroom instruction. Therefore, we administered the visual, auditory, reading/writing, kinesthetic (VARK) learning preferences questionnaire to our first-year medical students; 38.8% (97 of 250 students) of the students returned the completed questionnaire. Both male (56.1%) and female (56.7%) students preferred multiple modes of information presentation, and the numbers and types of modality combinations were not significantly different between genders. Although not significantly different, the female student population tended to be more diverse than the male population, encompassing a broader range of sensory modality combinations within their preference profiles. Instructors need to be cognizant of these differences and broaden their range of presentation styles accordingly.
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Morland, Leslie A., Stephanie Y. Wells, Lisa H. Glassman, Kathleen M. Grubbs, Margaret-Anne Mackintosh, Shahrokh Golshan, Min Ji Sohn, Steven R. Thorp, Ulysses C. Savage, and Ronald E. Acierno. "What Do Veterans Want? Understanding Veterans’ Preferences for PTSD Treatment Delivery." Military Medicine 184, no. 11-12 (March 6, 2019): 686–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz035.
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Abstract Introduction Home-based delivery of psychotherapy may offer a viable alternative to traditional office-based treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by overcoming several barriers to care. Little is known about patient perceptions of home-based mental health treatment modalities. This study assessed veterans’ preferences for treatment delivery modalities and how demographic variables and trauma type impact these preferences. Materials and Methods Veterans with PTSD (N = 180) participating in a randomized clinical trial completed a clinician-administered PTSD assessment and were asked to identify their modality preference for receiving prolonged exposure: home-based telehealth (HBT), office-based telehealth (OBT), or in-home-in-person (IHIP). Ultimately, modality assignment was randomized, and veterans were not guaranteed their preferred modality. Descriptive statistics were used to examine first choice preference. Chi-square tests determined whether there were significant differences among first choice preferences; additional tests examined if age, sex, and military sexual trauma (MST) history were associated with preferences. Results The study includes 135 male veterans and 45 female veterans from all military branches; respondents were 46.30 years old, on average. Veterans were Caucasian (46%), African-American (28%), Asian-American (9%), American Indian or Alaskan Native (3%), Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander (3%), and 11% identified as another race. Veterans experienced numerous trauma types (e.g., combat, sexual assault), and 29% had experienced MST. Overall, there was no clear preference for one modality: 42% of veterans preferred HBT, 32% preferred IHIP, and 26% preferred OBT. One-sample binomial tests assuming equal proportions were conducted to compare each pair of treatment options. HBT was significantly preferred over OBT (p = 0.01); there were no significant differences between the other pairs. A multinomial regression found that age group significantly predicted veterans’ preferences for HBT compared to OBT (odds ratio [OR] = 10.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.63, 61.76). Older veterans were significantly more likely to request HBT compared to OBT. Veteran characteristics did not differentiate those who preferred IHIP to OBT. Because there were fewer women (n = 45), additional multinomial regressions were conducted on each sex separately. There was no age group effect among the male veterans. However, compared to female Veterans in the younger age group, older female Veterans were significantly more likely to request HBT over OBT (OR = 10.66, 95% CI: 1.68, 67.58, p = 0.012). MST history did not predict treatment preferences in any analysis. Conclusions Fewer than 50% of the sample preferred one method, and each modality was preferred by at least a quarter of all participants, suggesting that one treatment modality does not fit all. Both home-based care options were desirable, highlighting the value of offering a range of options. The use of home-based care can expand access to care, particularly for rural veterans. The current study includes a diverse group of veterans and increases our understanding of how they would like to receive PTSD treatment. The study used a forced choice preference measure and did not examine the strength of preference, which limits conclusions. Future studies should examine the impact of modality preferences on treatment outcomes and engagement.
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Tartaro, Christine, and Marissa P. Levy. "Visitation Modality Preferences for Adults Visiting Jails." Prison Journal 97, no. 5 (August 31, 2017): 562–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885517728871.
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The development of technology has introduced new options for prison and jail visits, including video visits from jail lobbies and remote video from virtually anywhere. Researchers surveyed visitors to three jails who were participating in either on-site visits through Plexiglas, lobby video visits, or remote video visits. On-site Plexiglas visitors rated their visits as more stressful and time-consuming, while remote video visitors were most likely to indicate that it was difficult to locate finances for the visit. Visitors expressed a preference for contact visits but noted that remote video visits were likely to be the most convenient.
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Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J. "Identifying Library Anxiety through Students' Learning-Modality Preferences." Library Quarterly 69, no. 2 (April 1999): 202–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/603054.
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Batterham, Philip J., and Alison L. Calear. "Preferences for Internet-Based Mental Health Interventions in an Adult Online Sample: Findings From an Online Community Survey." JMIR Mental Health 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): e26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mental.7722.
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Background Despite extensive evidence that Internet interventions are effective in treating mental health problems, uptake of Internet programs is suboptimal. It may be possible to make Internet interventions more accessible and acceptable through better understanding of community preferences for delivery of online programs. Objective This study aimed to assess community preferences for components, duration, frequency, modality, and setting of Internet interventions for mental health problems. Methods A community-based online sample of 438 Australian adults was recruited using social media advertising and administered an online survey on preferences for delivery of Internet interventions, along with scales assessing potential correlates of these preferences. Results Participants reported a preference for briefer sessions, although they recognized a trade-off between duration and frequency of delivery. No clear preference for the modality of delivery emerged, although a clear majority preferred tailored programs. Participants preferred to access programs through a computer rather than a mobile device. Although most participants reported that they would seek help for a mental health problem, more participants had a preference for face-to-face sources only than online programs only. Younger, female, and more educated participants were significantly more likely to prefer Internet delivery. Conclusions Adults in the community have a preference for Internet interventions with short modules that are tailored to individual needs. Individuals who are reluctant to seek face-to-face help may also avoid Internet interventions, suggesting that better implementation of existing Internet programs requires increasing acceptance of Internet interventions and identifying specific subgroups who may be resistant to seeking help.
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Whitty, Jennifer, Alexandra Filby, Adam B. Smith, and Louise M. Carr. "CONSUMER PREFERENCES FOR SCANNING MODALITY TO DIAGNOSE FOCAL LIVER LESIONS." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 31, no. 1-2 (2015): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462315000239.
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Objectives: Differences in the process of using liver imaging technologies might be important to patients. This study aimed to investigate preferences for scanning modalities used in diagnosing focal liver lesions.Methods: A discrete choice experiment was administered to 504 adults aged ≥25 years. Respondents made repeated choices between two hypothetical scans, described according to waiting time for scan and results, procedure type, the chance of minor side-effects, and whether further scanning procedures were likely to be required. Choice data were analyzed using mixed-logit models with respondent characteristics used to explain preference heterogeneity.Results: Respondents preferred shorter waiting times, the procedure to be undertaken with a handheld scanner on a couch instead of within a body scanner, no side-effects, and no follow‑up scans (p ≤ .01). The average respondent was willing to wait an additional 2 weeks for the scan if it resulted in avoiding side-effects, 1.5 weeks to avoid further procedures or to be told the results immediately, and 1 week to have the scan performed on a couch with a handheld scanner. However, substantial heterogeneity was observed in the strength of preference for desirable imaging characteristics.Conclusions: An average individual belonging to a general population sub‑group most likely to require imaging to characterize focal liver lesions in the United Kingdom would prefer contrast‑enhanced ultrasound over magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography. Insights into the patient perspective around differential characteristics of imaging modalities have the potential to be used to guide recommendations around the use of these technologies.
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Kozlov, Elissa, Meghan McDarby, Maximo Prescott, and Myra Altman. "Assessing the Care Modality Preferences and Predictors for Digital Mental Health Treatment Seekers in a Technology-Enabled Stepped Care Delivery System: Cross-sectional Study." JMIR Formative Research 5, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): e30162. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/30162.
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Background Access to mental health services continues to be a systemic problem in the United States and around the world owing to a variety of barriers including the limited availability of skilled providers and lack of mental health literacy among patients. Individuals seeking mental health treatment may not be aware of the multiple modalities of digital mental health care available to address their problems (eg, self-guided and group modalities, or one-to-one care with a provider). In fact, one-to-one, in-person treatment is the dominant care model with a masters- or doctoral-level trained mental health provider, and it may or may not be the appropriate or preferred level of care for an individual. Technology-enabled mental health platforms may be one way to improve access to mental health care by offering stepped care, but more research is needed to understand the care modality preferences of digital mental health care seekers because additional modalities become increasingly validated as effective treatment options. Objective The purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate the predictors of care modality preferences among individuals enrolled in a technology-enabled stepped mental health care platform. Methods This exploratory, cross-sectional study used employee data from the 2021 Modern Health database, an employer-sponsored mental health benefit that uses a technology-enabled platform to optimize digital mental health care delivery. Chi-square tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted to evaluate associations among the categorical and continuous factors of interest and the preferred care modality. Bivariate logistic regression models were constructed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of preferring a one-on-one versus self-guided group, or no preference for digital mental health care modalities. Results Data were analyzed for 3661 employees. The most common modality preference was one-on-one care (1613/3661, 44.06%). Approximately one-fourth of the digital mental health care seekers (881/3661, 24.06%) expressed a preference for pursuing self-guided care, and others (294/3661, 8.03%) expressed a preference for group care. The ORs indicated that individuals aged 45 years and above were significantly more likely to express a preference for self-guided care compared to individuals aged between 18 and 24 years (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.70-3.59; P<.001). Individuals screening positive for anxiety (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.62-0.86; P<.001) or depression (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66-0.95; P=.02) were more likely to prefer one-on-one care. Conclusions Our findings elucidated that care modality preferences vary and are related to clinical severity factors and demographic variables among individuals seeking digital mental health care.
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Lynn, Valerie A., Arpita Bose, and Susan J. Boehmer. "Librarian instruction-delivery modality preferences for professional continuing education." Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA 98, no. 1 (January 2010): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3163/1536-5050.98.1.017.
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Persellin, Diane Cummings, and Catherine Pierce. "Association of Preference for Modality to Learning of Rhythm Patterns in Music." Perceptual and Motor Skills 67, no. 3 (December 1988): 825–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1988.67.3.825.
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This study examined the relationship between preferences for learning modality and the learning and short-term retention of musical rhythm patterns. 55 third graders completed the Swassing Barbe Modality Index. These students were also presented two-measure rhythm patterns through their visual, auditory, and kinesthetic modalities. Analysis indicated that children who preferred on the modality index one modality over others tended to prefer that same modality when learning simple musical rhythms.
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Kam, Emily Fen, Yeu-Ting Liu, and Wen-Ta Tseng. "Effects of modality preference and working memory capacity on captioned videos in enhancing L2 listening outcomes." ReCALL 32, no. 2 (February 14, 2020): 213–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0958344020000014.
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AbstractCaptioned video is widely used to enhance second language (L2) learners’ exposure to oral input beyond the classroom setting, and captioning has been found to provide an instantaneous, useful visual aid for parsing and understanding L2 oral discourse. Nevertheless, a meta-analysis has shown that captioning exerts a selective effect on L2 learners with different profiles. This study investigated whether L2 learners’ modality preferences (visual vs. auditory) and working memory capacity (high vs. low) would modulate the effect of full captions on L2 listening outcome. Results from 60 participants revealed that both cognitive variables affected their L2 listening to different extents. Notably, working memory capacity modulates the impact of L2 learners’ preferred modality on their listening outcome. Modality preference did not exert any significant impact on the listening outcome of L2 learners with lower working memory capacity. For L2 learners with high working memory capacity, their modality preference played a pivotal role in modulating their listening outcome; in this case, auditory learners had the best listening performance viewing the video without captions, whereas visual learners did best when watching the captioned video. These findings speak to the need for taking individual differences into consideration when employing captioned videos.
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NICODEMUS, BRENDA, and KAREN EMMOREY. "Direction asymmetries in spoken and signed language interpreting." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 16, no. 3 (September 24, 2012): 624–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728912000521.
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Spoken language (unimodal) interpreters often prefer to interpret from their non-dominant language (L2) into their native language (L1). Anecdotally, signed language (bimodal) interpreters express the opposite bias, preferring to interpret from L1 (spoken language) into L2 (signed language). We conducted a large survey study (N = 1,359) of both unimodal and bimodal interpreters that confirmed these preferences. The L1 to L2 direction preference was stronger for novice than expert bimodal interpreters, while novice and expert unimodal interpreters did not differ from each other. The results indicated that the different direction preferences for bimodal and unimodal interpreters cannot be explained by language production–comprehension asymmetries or by work or training experiences. We suggest that modality and language-specific features of signed languages drive the directionality preferences of bimodal interpreters. Specifically, we propose that fingerspelling, transcoding (literal word-for-word translation), self-monitoring, and consumers’ linguistic variation influence the preference of bimodal interpreters for working into their L2.
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Berent, Iris, Outi Bat-El, Diane Brentari, Amanda Dupuis, and Vered Vaknin-Nusbaum. "The double identity of linguistic doubling." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 48 (November 11, 2016): 13702–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1613749113.
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Does knowledge of language consist of abstract principles, or is it fully embodied in the sensorimotor system? To address this question, we investigate the double identity of doubling (e.g.,slaflaf, or generally, XX; where X stands for a phonological constituent). Across languages, doubling is known to elicit conflicting preferences at different levels of linguistic analysis (phonology vs. morphology). Here, we show that these preferences are active in the brains of individual speakers, and they are demonstrably distinct from sensorimotor pressures. We first demonstrate that doubling in novel English words elicits divergent percepts: Viewed as meaningless (phonological) forms, doubling is disliked (e.g.,slaflaf<slafmak), but once doubling in form is systematically linked to meaning (e.g.,slaf =ball,slaflaf =balls), the doubling aversion shifts into a reliable (morphological) preference. We next show that sign-naive speakers spontaneously project these principles to novel signs in American Sign Language, and their capacity to do so depends on the structure of their spoken language (English vs. Hebrew). These results demonstrate that linguistic preferences doubly dissociate from sensorimotor demands: A single stimulus can elicit diverse percepts, yet these percepts are invariant across stimulus modality––for speech and signs. These conclusions are in line with the possibility that some linguistic principles are abstract, and they apply broadly across language modality.
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Graham, Norris A., and John R. Kershner. "Reading Styles in Children with Dyslexia: A Neuropsychological Evaluation of Modality Preference on the Reading Style Inventory." Learning Disability Quarterly 19, no. 4 (November 1996): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1511209.
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This study assessed the neuropsychological validity of the modality preference measures from the Reading Style Inventory (RSI), an instrument that claims to measure left-hemisphere (analytic, sequential, auditory) and right-hemisphere (holistic, simultaneous, visual) reading styles. Older fluent readers (age-matched to the children with disabilities) rated their reading styles more strongly auditory and visual than nondisabled beginning readers (reading-level-matched to the children with disabilities) and children with dyslexia. Compared to both control groups, the dyslexia group was unique in failing to demonstrate a high incidence of children with strong preferences in either modality. RSI ratings were unrelated to dichotic listening and, by inference, not related to the relative activation of the cerebral hemispheres in linguistic processing. RSI performance was also unrelated to reading comprehension, word recognition, word attack, and verbal/performance IQ. The results do not support the underlying biological rationale of the RSI or its claims to accurately profile nondisabled novice readers and children with dyslexia in terms of their cerebral hemispheric preferences. However, the results do suggest the potential usefulness of the RSI in educational contexts.
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Dobson, John L. "Learning style preferences and course performance in an undergraduate physiology class." Advances in Physiology Education 33, no. 4 (December 2009): 308–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00048.2009.
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Learning styles may be classified according to the sensory modality that one most prefers to use when internalizing information. The four major sensory modalities are visual, aural or auditory, read/write, and kinesthetic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between preferred learning style, gender, and course scores in an undergraduate physiology class. Students from the fall 2008 and spring 2009 Applied Human Physiology courses completed an online questionnaire in which they were asked to both provide descriptive information about themselves (e.g., gender and major) and self-assess their preferred sensory modality. A total of 901 students completed the questionnaire, 75% of which were female and 25% were male. The results from a χ2-analysis (χ2 = 9.59, P < 0.05) indicated that females and males had significantly different learning style preferences. Females most preferred visual learning (46%) followed by aural (27%), read/write (23%), and kinesthetic (4%). Males most preferred visual learning (49%) followed by read/write (29%), aural (17%), and kinesthetic (5%). There was also a significant relationship ( P < 0.05 by ANOVA) between preferred sensory modality and course scores. The mean overall course scores were 83.53 ± 8.25, 85.58 ± 8.18, 84.98 ± 7.78, and 76.70 ± 7.92 for those that preferred visual, aural, read/write, and kinesthetic modalities, respectively. These results support the findings of Wehrwein et al. ( 18 ): that female and male physiology students have different sensory modality preferences and that they provide the first step in determining if sensory modality preferences impact final course scores.
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Simpson, Norah, Isabelle Tully, Jessica Dietch, Joshua Tutek, and Rachel Manber. "676 Age is only a number: Treatment modality preferences in a randomized controlled trial of CBTI in older adults." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.674.
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Abstract Introduction Use of telemedicine platforms for conducting CBTI has the potential to reach more patients than in person treatment alone. While CBTI has been shown to be effective in older adults, questions about proficiency with technology and preference for treatment modality have not been addressed. Methods Baseline data from participants in the RCT of the Effectiveness of Stepped-Care Sleep Therapy In General Practice (RESTING) study were used. Analyses compared CBTI treatment modality preference (in person, online [video platform], no preference) across the following variables: insomnia severity (Insomnia Severity Index; ISI), depression (Geriatric Depression Scale; GDS), cognitive functioning (telephone-based cognitive screen) and internet proficiency (IP; assessing comfort with and frequency of internet use). Data collected prior to the pandemic-shut down (March 2020) were utilized for the primary analysis of treatment preference; n=71, mean age = 62.5 (SD = 8.1); 64.8% female; treatment preferences: in person (33.8%), no preference (25.4%), online (40.8%). A secondary analysis compared IP data from participants with baseline data from pre-pandemic (Nov 2019-Feb 2020, n=71), early pandemic (March-June 2020, n=28), and late pandemic (the most recent four months of enrollment, July 2020-Nov 2020, n=40) periods. Results Pre-pandemic, age was not significantly associated with treatment modality preference, nor any baseline clinical characteristics or demographic variables (p’s >.01). Only ‘comfort’ and ‘comfort+frequency’ scores from the internet proficiency measure differed significantly between treatment preference groups (p’s<.002). Post-hoc analyses revealed the online group had significantly higher comfort and comfort+frequency scores than the in person group (p’s<. 003). Comparing data from pre-pandemic, early pandemic, and late pandemic, frequency of internet use and comfort+frequency with internet use differed across groups (p’s <.004). Post-hoc comparisons revealed frequency of internet use scores were higher in the late pandemic compared to pre-pandemic (p=.003). Conclusion These findings suggest that comfort using technology, but not age or clinical characteristics, is associated with treatment modality preference for patients with insomnia who are enrolled in a technology-based clinical trial of CBTI. As proficiency in use of technology increases, for example, during and following the pandemic, one can expect that telemedicine will be an increasingly viable approach to providing CBTI among older adults. Support (if any) 1R01AG057500
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Brown, Jessica A., Sarah E. Wallace, Kelly Knollman-Porter, and Karen Hux. "Comprehension of Single Versus Combined Modality Information by People With Aphasia." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 28, no. 1S (March 11, 2019): 278–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-17-0132.
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Purpose Every adult with aphasia displays a unique constellation of language comprehension skills and varies in the benefit derived from different content presentation formats. For many, multiple modality presentation enhances comprehension. This study's purpose was to determine the comprehension benefits for people with mild, moderate, and severe aphasia when hearing, reading, or simultaneously hearing and reading single sentences. Method Twenty-seven adults with aphasia performed a repeated-measures experiment across 3 conditions. Participants read and/or listened to sentence stimuli and selected from 4 images the 1 matching the sentence. Participants also indicated condition preference. Results Participants demonstrated significantly greatest accuracy during simultaneous written and auditory stimulus presentation. Performance patterns varied within aphasia severity groups. Individuals with mild and moderate aphasia demonstrated minimal performance differences across conditions, and people with severe aphasia were significantly more accurate in the combined modality than the written-only modality. Overall, participants required the longest response time in the written-only condition; however, participants were most efficient with auditory content. Condition preferences did not always mirror accuracy; however, the majority reported a preference for combined content presentation. Conclusions Results suggest some people with aphasia may benefit from combined auditory and written modalities to enhance comprehension efforts.
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Tartaro, Christine, and Marissa P. Levy. "Inmate Visitation: Visitor Preferences Regarding the Best Visitation Modality for Children." Corrections 2, no. 1 (October 17, 2016): 20–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23774657.2016.1239185.
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Verzijden, Machteld N., and Gil G. Rosenthal. "Effects of sensory modality on learned mate preferences in female swordtails." Animal Behaviour 82, no. 3 (September 2011): 557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.06.010.
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Choti, Michael A., Mark R. Green, Mitra Corral, Schiffon L. Wong, Jessica Cairns, Michele R. Thomas, and Michael Eaddy. "American medical oncology physician (AMOP) preferences for combined modality therapy beginning with systemic management in patients with liver-limited metastatic colorectal cancer (LL-mCRC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2013): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.4_suppl.532.
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532 Background: Patients with LL-mCRC are frequently managed with multi-modality therapy, including systemic chemotherapy ± biotherapy. In some settings, surgery is used first followed by systemic therapy. In others, the systemic therapy may be used for initial cytoreduction of both macro- and micro-metastatic disease with surgical consolidation and then observation or further systemic management post-operatively. In the current study, we assessed the preferences of 190 AMOPs in the treatment of patients with LL-mCRC. Methods: AMOPs practicing for ≥5 years and ≤35 years with ≥70% direct patient contact were eligible for study inclusion. To assess preferred sequencing, a single patient profile was created and 10 different sets of de-identified liver CT l images representing a broad spectrum of LL-mCRC were collected. AMOPs independently reviewed each set of liver CT images through a web-based tool and provided their assessment of the immediate resectability of the LL-mCRC shown, as well as their preferred approach to the initial management for that set of scans. Treatment preferences across all scans were presented according to the percentage of AMOPs designating a particular scan as resectable now. Results: Participating AMOPs treated an average of 15.5 mCRC patients per month. Resectability rates and preferences for initial therapy are shown in the Table. Conclusions: AMOPs show an overall preference for initiation of sequencing multi-modality management with systemic therapy across the spectrum of LL-mCRC. [Table: see text]
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Wang, Xiaoran, Xiao-Yu Liu, Shuwei Jia, Runsheng Jiao, Yunhong Zhang, Liyong Tang, Xiaoli Ni, et al. "TESOT: a teaching modality targeting the learning obstacles in global medical education." Advances in Physiology Education 45, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00191.2020.
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In higher education, it is a great challenge for instructors to teach international medical students (IMSs) efficiently. These students usually have different learning obstacles and learning style preferences from domestic students. Thus it is necessary to use teaching modalities targeting the specific characteristics of IMSs. Accordingly, we have developed a teaching modality composed of classical teacher-centered approach (TCA), enriched with components of student-centered approach (SCA) and online interactions targeting the learning characteristics of IMSs, which we defined as TESOT (an acronym made of the underlined words' initials). Aside from the online interactions that provide both answers to questions raised by students and guidance throughout a course, this modality contains additional in-classroom components (i.e., pre-lecture quiz, student-led summary, and post-lecture quiz). The effectiveness of this modality was tested in the nervous system module of the Physiology course for IMSs. The final exam scores in the nervous system module in the year taught with TESOT were higher than those earned by students taught with a classical TCA modality in preceding 2 yr. The improvement of teaching effectiveness is attributable to increasing communication, bridging course contexts, and meeting diverse learning style preferences. These results indicate that TESOT as an effective teaching modality is useful for enhancing efficiency of teaching IMSs.
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Gardner, Judith M., David J. Lewkowicz, Susan A. Rose, and Bernard Z. Karmel. "Effects of Visual and Auditory Stimulation on Subsequent Visual Preferences in Neonates." International Journal of Behavioral Development 9, no. 2 (June 1986): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502548600900208.
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The effects of prior exposure to slow or fast temporal frequencies of visual or auditory stimuli on subsequent preferences for visual temporal frequencies were examined in three groups of neonates (N =12 in each group). The 2 Hz group was exposed to lights flashing at 2 Hz prior to half the preference trials and sounds pulsing at 2 Hz prior to the other half of the preference trials. The 8 Hz group was similarly prestimulated with 8 Hz lights and sounds. The control group received no prestimulation prior to preference trials. Preference trials consisted of the presentation of all possible pairs of 2, 4, or 8 Hz flashing lights for 20 sec per pair. Regardless of modality, visual preferences varied systematically with changes in prior stimulation such that there was an inverse relationship between amount of prestimulation and preferred temporal frequency. Infants looked more at slower frequencies and less at faster frequencies as the amount of prestimulation increased from none to 2 Hz to 8 Hz. These effects are similar to those found when internal stimulation is increased by testing neonates before feeding while unswaddled. Thus, we conclude that additional stimulation, whether from external or internal sources, influences neonates' visual attention through general rather than stimulus-specific effects on arousal.
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Pickett, Michelle L., Joi Wickliffe, Amanda Emerson, Sharla Smith, and Megha Ramaswamy. "Justice-involved women’s preferences for an internet-based Sexual Health Empowerment curriculum." International Journal of Prisoner Health 16, no. 1 (August 20, 2019): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-01-2019-0002.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into justice-involved women’s preferences for an internet-based Sexual Health Empowerment (SHE) curriculum. Design/methodology/approach The authors analyzed data from four focus groups conducted with 52 women in a minimum-security county jail in a Midwestern US city. Findings Women reported daily access to the internet while in the community and use of the internet for searching about health concerns. Four themes emerged in the discussion about preferences for an internet-based SHE curriculum, that it cover healthy sexual expression, how to access resources, video as an educational modality and a non-judgmental approach. Practical implications Justice-involved women are potentially reachable through internet-based health education. Their preferences for content and modality can be used to inform internet-based sexual health programming designed specifically for this population. Using this modality could offer easily disseminated, low-cost and consistent messaging about sexual health for a vulnerable group of women. Originality/value Though internet-based health education programming has been widely utilized in the general population, less attention has been paid to if and how these programs could be utilized with a vulnerable group of women who move between the justice system and communities. This exploratory study begins to fill that gap.
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Brooker, Ann-Sylvia, Steven Carcone, William Witteman, and Murray Krahn. "QUANTITATIVE PATIENT PREFERENCE EVIDENCE FOR HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT: A CASE STUDY." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 29, no. 3 (July 2013): 290–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462313000329.
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Objectives: We conducted a systematic review of quantitative research regarding patients’ preferences, perspectives and values for ventilation among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Our objective was to explore the feasibility and desirability of incorporating patient preferences within the health technology assessment (HTA) process by working through a case study.Methods: Medical and economic databases were searched for studies published in English from 1990 through March 4, 2011. Studies were selected based on title and abstract. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, data were analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach.Results: Among 1833 identified citations, twelve studies met our inclusion criteria. Ten of these studies pertained to COPD patient preferences for ventilation. Results indicate that a significant proportion of COPD patients are willing to forgo ventilation, particularly when it is expressed as “indefinite life support” (60–78 percent) rather than as temporary modality. Results indicate that patient preferences for mechanical or noninvasive ventilation cannot be predicted by covariates (e.g., age, quality of life) or by others who are frequently called upon to make decisions are their behalf.Conclusions: We found that it is indeed feasible to conduct a systematic review of quantitative preference-related evidence for an HTA topic. However, the process of conducting this preference-related case study also revealed several challenges because there is a high degree of variation in taxonomy, instrumentation, and study design. Therefore, we do not recommend it as a routine part of the HTA process, but we suggest that it is a promising area to pursue for preference-sensitive technological decisions.
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Westman, Alida S., Gina R. Alliston, and Emily A. Theriault. "Lack of Correlations of Sense-Modality-Oriented Indices of Learning Styles with Each other and with Classroom Tasks." Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, no. 3 (June 1997): 731–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.3.731.
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Four indices used to measure 36 students' preferred sense modality did not correlate well with each other or with classroom tasks such as recalling visual and auditory information from a videotape, imaging ability, problem solving, etc. Three were paper-and-pencil indices for group presentation (Fleming and Mills' test, Kirby, Moore, and Schofield's index, and Westman's index), and one required individual testing (Swassing-Barbe Modality Index). Students indicated that their analyses of task requirements rather than their preferences for sense modality determined the use of their sense modalities.
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Schwibbe, Michael, and Silke Singer. "RIGHT OR LEFT, HAND OR MOUTH: GENERA-SPECIFIC PREFERENCES IN MARMOSETS AND TAMARINS." Behaviour 136, no. 1 (1999): 119–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853999500703.
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Hand use was compared in 45 individuals of three genera of the Callitrichinae (Callithrix, Saguinus, Leontopithecus) which differ concerning their postural and manipulative behaviour. The Postural Origins theory of MacNeilage et al. (1987) predicts left-hand preference for visually guided reaching, especially when performed from a vertical clinging posture (as mainly seen in Callithrix) and right-hand preference for manipulative acts (as shown by Leontopithecus). Five tasks were carried out, differing in sensory modality (visual/tactile), postural requirements (vertical/quadrupedal) and task demands (accessibility to food-items). Data on successful left and right-hand reaching and mouth pick-ups were collected using all occurrences sampling. Statistical analysis comprised calculation of binominal z-score, application of unbalanced repeated measures models with structured covariance matrices and analysis of covariance. All individuals displayed hand preferences not influenced by task design. The genera differed in the hand preferred: Leontopithecus showed a greater proportion of right-hand preferences, whereas Callithrix tended to prefer the left hand. Saguinus was intermediate between these two genera. The results point out that genus-specific foraging strategies determine population-level hand preferences rather than task-specific demands. The differences in foraging strategy and hand preference among the three genera correspond to the Postural Origins theory (MacNeilage et al., 1987). When feeding on freely accessible, non-mobile food items, most individuals showed a clear preference in picking-up with the mouth or with one hand. Callithrix took objects predominantly with the mouth, Leontopithecus preferred the hand and Saguinus favoured neither mouth nor hand. Mouth-hand preferences can also be linked to genera differences on hand function in foraging behaviour.
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Kilavuz, A. E., and A. A. Bayram. "Surgeons’ preferences and anxiety levels in paediatric adenotonsillectomy: European perspective." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 133, no. 4 (March 25, 2019): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215119000434.
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AbstractObjectiveThis study assessed the preferences of surgeons regarding surgical modalities used for adenotonsillectomy, and determined anxiety levels related to the adenotonsillectomy procedure.MethodsA 10-question survey created by the authors was administered to 413 ENT specialists attending the 4th Congress of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, held in October 2017 in Barcelona, Spain.ResultsCold knife dissection was the preferred surgical modality for both adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy. Most participants reported encountering one to five patients with post-tonsillectomy bleeding throughout their entire career. The mean anxiety levels during surgery and the 10-day post-operative period were 3.39 ± 2.14 and 4.18 ± 2.63, respectively (p < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between anxiety level and surgeon's experience (p < 0.05).ConclusionCold dissection is still the preferred surgical modality for adenotonsillectomy, while both suture ligation and electrocautery are used for haemostasis. Paediatric adenotonsillectomy is likely to generate anxiety in ENT surgeons, and the possibility of secondary post-tonsillectomy bleeding increases the anxiety levels of surgeons in the post-operative period.
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Tucker, William, Mark Olfson, Steven Simring, William Goodman, and Scott Bienenfeld. "A Pilot Survey of Inmate Preferences for On-Site, Visiting Consultant, and Telemedicine Psychiatric Services." CNS Spectrums 11, no. 10 (October 2006): 783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900014905.
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ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess inmate preferences for in-prison mental health services, outside psychiatric consultants, and telemedicine psychiatric consultation for 16 mental health services.MethodsStructured interviews were conducted of the service modality preferences of 28 inmates who received psychiatric telemedicine consultations in NewYork State Department of Corrections facilities.ResultsFor five of the 16 mental health services assessed, a significantly larger proportion of inmates preferred delivery of mental services by their on-site mental health team to an outside psychiatric consultant, whether visiting or using telemedicine. For another eight services, inmate preferences were approximately equal. For three services (treatment progress, evaluation of childhood sexual abuse, and sexual concerns), inmates reported a trend toward preference for out-side consultation (visiting and telemedicine combined). For no service did inmates prefer telemedicine to a visiting consultant.ConclusionAlthough inmates prefer the use of on-site mental health professionals for many mental health services, some inmates prefer visiting or telemedicine consultants for the evaluation of safety and sexual issues. Because telemedicine is efficient and readily available, its role in these areas requires further evaluation.
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Jaspers, Fons. "Target Group Characteristics: Are Perceptional Modality Preferences Relevant for Instructional Material Design?" Educational Media International 29, no. 4 (December 1992): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0952398920290405.
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Jaspers, Fons. "Target Group Characteristics: Are Perceptional Modality Preferences Relevant for Instructional Materials Design?" Educational and Training Technology International 31, no. 1 (February 1994): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0954730940310102.
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Warren, Jacob C., K. Bryant Smalley, Jeffrey Klibert, and Jennie Wren Denmark. "Access to emerging technologies and telehealth intervention modality preferences in rural patients." Health and Technology 1, no. 2-4 (October 20, 2011): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12553-011-0009-9.
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Oxborrow, Kathryn. "Face-to-face Training is the Preferred Modality of Professional Continuing Education for Librarians of All Ages, but More Evidence is Needed." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 6, no. 1 (March 16, 2011): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8q91r.
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A Review of:
Lynn, V. A., Bose, A., & Boehmer, S. J. (2010). Librarian instruction-delivery modality preferences for professional continuing education. Journal of the Medical Library Association, 98(1), 57-64.
Objective — To establish the preferred modality for professional continuing education (CE) among members of three library associations. The primary hypothesis was that face-to-face training is the preferred modality, and the secondary hypothesis was that younger librarians are more likely to favour online or blended training modalities. In addition, the authors sought to investigate which factors influence participants' decisions to take up training.
Design — Online questionnaire.
Setting — Three library associations based in the United States of America. These were the American Library Association (ALA), the Special Libraries Association (SLA), and the Medical Library Association (MLA).
Subjects — A random sample of 328 members of the ALA (86 participants), SLA (63 participants), and MLA (291 participants). Some participants were members of more than one association.
Methods — Participants were recruited to complete an online survey via direct e-mail contact (MLA), messages on email discussion lists (SLA) and social networks (ALA). The survey asked about participants' experience of, and preference for, five different training modalities for CE. These were: face-to-face (classroom instruction), web-based synchronous (with real-time participant-instructor interaction), web-based asynchronous (with instructor involvement, but not in real time), blended (a combination of different modalities), and webcasts (live online presentations with limited participant-instructor interaction). Participants were then asked to rank factors which would influence their decision to undertake CE courses. The factors were cost, opportunity to socialize/network, time away from work, learning at their own pace, and having immediate access to either the class instructor or other participants. Participants were also given space to comment on both CE modalities and influencing factors.
Main Results — There was a statistically significant preference for face-to-face instruction in this sample, being preferred by at least 73.1% of participants in all age ranges. Younger librarians did not display a preference for online or blended training modalities. There was a significant difference in second preference between ALA and MLA members, who both preferred Web based asynchronous training, and SLA members, who preferred the web-based synchronous format. Participants' preferences for all modalities apart from face to face were significantly different depending on whether or not they had experienced the particular modality. Cost was ranked as the most influential factor in the decision to undertake CE by members of all three library associations (significant at P
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van der Donk, J., P. C. Levendag, A. J. Kuijpers, F. H. Roest, J. D. Habbema, C. A. Meeuwis, and P. I. Schmitz. "Patient participation in clinical decision-making for treatment of T3 laryngeal cancer: a comparison of state and process utilities." Journal of Clinical Oncology 13, no. 9 (September 1995): 2369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1995.13.9.2369.
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PURPOSE To study the use of two different approaches, and feasibility of four commonly used utility assessment methods to assess preferences for treatment of T3-laryngeal cancer by surgery or radiation therapy (RT). METHODS Utility assessment methods, namely, time trade-off (TTO), standard reference gamble (SRG), rating scale (RS), and direct comparison (DC), were used to assess utilities in two groups of former cancer patients (n = 10 for both), a group of clinicians (n = 9), and a group from the general population (n = 10). For the treatment modalities, ie, surgery and RT, two types of scenarios were developed and used: the state scenario, which describes a stable health state after treatment, and the process scenario, which describes a dynamic process. First, utilities were assessed based on state scenarios. Next, respondents were thoroughly informed and educated with respect to the relevant aspects of both treatment modalities. Subsequently, utilities were again assessed, but now based on the process scenarios. The outcome of each approach was calculated and expressed in a quality-adjusted life-expectancy (QALE) score for each treatment modality, and the treatment with the highest outcome was said to be the preferred treatment modality. RESULTS In general, a higher QALE score for each treatment modality was found for clinicians and for the general population as compared with the former-cancer-patient groups. When the outcome of both approaches was compared on an individual level dependent on the utility assessment method, 32% to 43% of respondents showed an inconsistent treatment preference. CONCLUSION The approach to assess utilities and the extent to which respondents are informed about treatment modalities have a major effect on individual treatment preferences.
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Fitkov-Norris, Elena, and Ara Yeghiazarian. "Are learning preferences really a myth? Exploring the mapping between study approaches and mode of learning preferences." ACTA IMEKO 10, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v10i2.565.
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This article tested for the presence of the conversion effect in the mapping related to the strength of students’ preferences for receiving information in a visual, auditory, read/write or kinaesthetic modality and the study approaches they adopt when taking notes in class, learning new concepts and revising for exams. The results indicated that the conversion effect is not ubiquitous but is context specific and only present when students seek to learn a new concept and revise for exams. It was present for students with strong visual and read/write preferences but only when attempting to learn a new concept. It was also present for students with a strong auditory preference when revising for exams, while these students preferred to learn a new concept by reading about it. However, the conversion effect did not emerge with kinaesthetic-leaning students in any of the contexts studied, while these students were significantly more likely to utilise auditory input when learning a new concept. Overall, the findings suggest that traditional educational approaches such as lectures and tutorials can be effective in supporting the learning for diverse student groups.
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Urval, Rathnakar P., Ashwin Kamath, Sheetal Ullal, Ashok K. Shenoy, Nandita Shenoy, and Laxminarayana A. Udupa. "Assessment of learning styles of undergraduate medical students using the VARK questionnaire and the influence of sex and academic performance." Advances in Physiology Education 38, no. 3 (September 2014): 216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00024.2014.
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While there are several tools to study learning styles of students, the visual-aural-read/write-kinesthetic (VARK) questionnaire is a simple, freely available, easy to administer tool that encourages students to describe their behavior in a manner they can identify with and accept. The aim is to understand the preferred sensory modality (or modalities) of students for learning. Teachers can use this knowledge to facilitate student learning. Moreover, students themselves can use this knowledge to change their learning habits. Five hundred undergraduate students belonging to two consecutive batches in their second year of undergraduate medical training were invited to participate in the exercise. Consenting students (415 students, 83%) were administered a printed form of version 7.0 of the VARK questionnaire. Besides the questionnaire, we also collected demographic data, academic performance data (marks obtained in 10th and 12th grades and last university examination), and self-perceived learning style preferences. The majority of students in our study had multiple learning preferences (68.7%). The predominant sensory modality of learning was aural (45.5%) and kinesthetic (33.1%). The learning style preference was not influenced by either sex or previous academic performance. Although we use a combination of teaching methods, there has not been an active effort to determine whether these adequately address the different types of learners. We hope these data will help us better our course contents and make learning a more fruitful experience.
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Hux, Karen, Jessica A. Brown, Sarah Wallace, Kelly Knollman-Porter, Anna Saylor, and Erica Lapp. "Effect of Text-to-Speech Rate on Reading Comprehension by Adults With Aphasia." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 29, no. 1 (February 7, 2020): 168–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_ajslp-19-00047.
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Purpose Accessing auditory and written material simultaneously benefits people with aphasia; however, the extent of benefit as well as people's preferences and experiences may vary given different auditory presentation rates. This study's purpose was to determine how 3 text-to-speech rates affect comprehension when adults with aphasia access newspaper articles through combined modalities. Secondary aims included exploring time spent reviewing written texts after speech output cessation, rate preference, preference consistency, and participant rationales for preferences. Method Twenty-five adults with aphasia read and listened to passages presented at slow (113 words per minute [wpm]), medium (154 wpm), and fast (200 wpm) rates. Participants answered comprehension questions, selected most and least preferred rates following the 1st and 3rd experimental sessions and after receiving performance feedback, and explained rate preferences and reading and listening strategies. Results Comprehension accuracy did not vary significantly across presentation rates, but reviewing time after cessation of auditory content did. Visual data inspection revealed that, in particular, participants with substantial extra reviewing time took longer given fast than medium or slow presentation. Regardless of exposure amount or receipt of performance feedback, participants most preferred the medium rate and least preferred the fast rate; rationales centered on reading and listening synchronization, benefits to comprehension, and perceived normality of speaking rate. Conclusion As a group, people with aphasia most preferred and were most efficient given a text-to-speech rate around 150 wpm when processing dual modality content; individual differences existed, however, and mandate attention to personal preferences and processing strengths.
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Millard, Emma, Emma Medlicott, Jessica Cardona, Stefan Priebe, and Catherine Carr. "Preferences for group arts therapies: a cross-sectional survey of mental health patients and the general population." BMJ Open 11, no. 8 (August 2021): e051173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051173.
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ObjectivesThe arts therapies include music therapy, dance movement therapy, art therapy and dramatherapy. Preferences for art forms may play an important role in engagement with treatment. This survey was an initial exploration of who is interested in group arts therapies, what they would choose and why.DesignAn online cross-sectional survey of demographics, interest in and preferences for the arts therapies was designed in collaboration with patients. The survey took 10 min to complete, including informed consent and 14 main questions. Summary statistics, multinomial logistic regression and thematic analysis were used to analyse the data.SettingThirteen National Health Service mental health trusts in the UK asked mental health patients and members of the general population to participate.ParticipantsA total of 1541 participants completed the survey; 685 mental health patients and 856 members of the general population. All participants were over 18 years old, had capacity to give informed consent and sufficient understanding of English. Mental health patients had to be using secondary mental health services.ResultsApproximately 60% of participants would be interested in taking part in group arts therapies. Music therapy was the most frequent choice among mental health patients (41%) and art therapy was the most frequent choice in the general population (43%). Past experience of arts therapies was the most important predictor of preference for that same modality. Expectations of enjoyment, helpfulness, feeling capable, impact on mood and social interaction were most often reported as reasons for preferring one form of arts therapy.ConclusionsLarge proportions of the participants expressed an interest in group arts therapies. This may justify the wide provision of arts therapies and the offer of more than one modality to interested patients. It also highlights key considerations for assessment of preferences in the arts therapies as part of shared decision-making.
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Lokkerbol, Joran, Amber Geomini, Jule van Voorthuijsen, Annemieke van Straten, Bea Tiemens, Filip Smit, Anneriek Risseeuw, and Mickaël Hiligsmann. "A discrete-choice experiment to assess treatment modality preferences of patients with depression." Journal of Medical Economics 22, no. 2 (December 22, 2018): 178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13696998.2018.1555404.
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Perreault, Michel, Dominic Julien, Noé Djawn White, Claude Bélanger, André Marchand, Theodora Katerelos, and Diana Milton. "Treatment Modality Preferences and Adherence to Group Treatment for Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia." Psychiatric Quarterly 85, no. 2 (October 18, 2013): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11126-013-9275-1.
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Boghikian-Whitby, Seta, and Yehia Mortagy. "Student Preferences and Performance in Online and Face-to-Face Classes Using Myers-Briggs Indicator: A Longitudinal Quasi-Experimental Study." Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology 13 (2016): 089–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3444.
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This longitudinal, quasi-experimental study investigated students’ cognitive personality type using the Myers-Briggs personality Type Indicator (MBTI) in Internet-based Online and Face-to-Face (F2F) modalities. A total of 1154 students enrolled in 28 Online and 32 F2F sections taught concurrently over a period of fourteen years. The study measured whether the sample is similar to the national average percentage frequency of all 16 different personality types; whether specific personality type students preferred a specific modality of instructions and if this preference changed over time; whether learning occurred in both class modalities; and whether specific personality type students learned more from a specific modality. Data was analyzed using regression, t-test, frequency, and Chi-Squared. The study concluded that data used in the study was similar to the national statistics; that no major differences in preference occurred over time; and that learning did occur in all modalities, with more statistically significant learning found in the Online modality versus F2F for Sensing, Thinking, and Perceiving types. Finally, Sensing and Thinking (ST) and Sensing and Perceiving (SP) group types learned significantly more in Online modality versus F2F.
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Oldenburg, Catherine E., Bao Le, Hoang Thi Huyen, Dinh Duc Thien, Nguyen Hoang Quan, Katie B. Biello, Amy Nunn, et al. "Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis preferences among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: results from a nationwide cross-sectional survey." Sexual Health 13, no. 5 (2016): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh15144.
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Background The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Vietnam is concentrated in subgroups of the population, including men who have sex with men (MSM). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a viable strategy for HIV prevention, but knowledge about and preferences for PrEP delivery among Vietnamese MSM are not well understood. Methods: In 2015, an online survey was conducted with recruitment via social networking websites for MSM and peer recruitment. A description of daily oral, long-acting injectable, and rectal microbicide formulations of PrEP was provided to participants. Participants were asked about their prior awareness of and interest in PrEP, and ranked their most preferred PrEP modality. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with having heard of PrEP and preference for each PrEP modality. Results: Of 548 participants who answered demographic and PrEP-related questions, 26.8% had previously heard of PrEP and most (65.7%) endorsed rectal microbicides as their most preferred PrEP delivery modality. Commonly-cited perceived barriers to uptake of PrEP included concern about side-effects, perception about being HIV positive, and family or friends finding out about their sexual behaviour. In multivariable models, older participants less often endorsed rectal microbicides (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.95 per year, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91–0.99) and more often endorsed long-acting injectables (AOR 1.08 per year, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.14) as their preferred PrEP modality. Participants who were willing to pay more for PrEP less often endorsed rectal microbicides (AOR 0.81, 95% CI 0.72–0.92) and more often endorsed long-acting injectables (AOR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01–1.35) and daily oral pills (AOR 1.16, 95% CI 1.00–1.35) as their preferred form of PrEP. Conclusions: A variety of PrEP modalities were acceptable to MSM in Vietnam, but low knowledge of PrEP may be a barrier to implementation.
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Faustina, Carissa, and Dharmady Agus. "Hubungan Antara Preferensi Belajar Terhadap Gangguan Depresi dan Gangguan Cemas Pada Mahasiswa Preklinik Suatu Fakultas Kedokteran." Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education 6, no. 3 (November 27, 2017): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpki.32233.
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Background: Students have different learning preferences in terms of assimilation and processing information. VARK learning preferences, which were introduced by Fleming, can identify learning preferences based on sensory modality. The model categorizes students into four different learning preferences, namely visual, aural, read/write, and kinesthetic. In his book, Westwood stated that the wrong application of learning preferences may lead to depressive disorder and anxiety disorder. Method: This study is a cross sectional study. The study was conducted by interviewing respondents to determine whether they have depressive disorder and anxiety disorder. Respondents will fill up a VARK questionnaire to determine their learning preferences. Samples will be collected from as many as 260 pre-clinical student of faculty of medicine of Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. Data will be collected and analyzed by using Chi Square test. Results: The result showed that there is no significant relationship between learning preferences and depressive disorder (p = 1,000), as well as anxiety disorder (p=0,477). Conclusion: There is no relationship between learning preferences and depressive disorder, as well as anxiety disorder.
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Wong, Sara, and Claudia Jacova. "Older Adults’ Attitudes towards Cognitive Testing: Moving towards Person-Centeredness." Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra 8, no. 3 (October 9, 2018): 348–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000493464.
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Background: Research on person-centered cognitive testing is beginning to emerge. The current study is the first to focus on eliciting concrete preferences around the test experience. Methods: Adults ≥50 years old completed the Attitudes Around Cognitive Testing (AACT) questionnaire on mturk.com. AACT elicits preferences for cognitive tests, the importance attributed to having choices, and willingness to engage in testing. Results: Data are reported for 289 respondents. The proportion of participants expressing preferences varied by domain (modality [49.5%], location [47.2%], company [80.1%], result delivery [78.3–89.7%]). Importance ratings for all domains had a median of 4 and a range of 1–5 using a Likert scale of agreement. Most participants (85.5%) were willing to engage in testing. Conclusion: Older adults have preferences for cognitive tests, especially with delivery of results.
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Ewing, Norma J., and Fung Lan Yong. "Learning Style Preferences of Gifted Minority Students." Gifted Education International 9, no. 1 (January 1993): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026142949300900109.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the learning style preferences among gifted African-American, Mexican-American, and American-born Chinese middle grade students, considering gender and grade levels. The subjects were randomly selected from seven Chicago public schools, and group-administered the Learning Style Inventory. A three-way analysis of variance revealed significant ethnic, gender and grade differences among gifted African-American, Mexican-American and American-born Chinese students on several learning styles preferences. All three gifted groups were characterized by motivation, responsibility, and preferences for studying in the afternoon and bright light. A majority of the three groups also did not prefer noise, temperature (warm environment), auditory modality, structure, and authority figures. Findings of the study support and extend past research regarding the learning styles of gifted students. They render support for the provision of differentiated curricula for gifted minority students.
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Cameron, Briana, and Denise A. Esserman. "Sample size and power for a stratified doubly randomized preference design." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 27, no. 7 (November 21, 2016): 2168–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280216677573.
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The two-stage (or doubly) randomized preference trial design is an important tool for researchers seeking to disentangle the role of patient treatment preference on treatment response through estimation of selection and preference effects. Up until now, these designs have been limited by their assumption of equal preference rates and effect sizes across the entire study population. We propose a stratified two-stage randomized trial design that addresses this limitation. We begin by deriving stratified test statistics for the treatment, preference, and selection effects. Next, we develop a sample size formula for the number of patients required to detect each effect. The properties of the model and the efficiency of the design are established using a series of simulation studies. We demonstrate the applicability of the design using a study of Hepatitis C treatment modality, specialty clinic versus mobile medical clinic. In this example, a stratified preference design (stratified by alcohol/drug use) may more closely capture the true distribution of patient preferences and allow for a more efficient design than a design which ignores these differences (unstratified version).
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Sopfe, Jenna, Rebekah Marsh, Leslie C. Appiah, James L. Klosky, Pamela N. Peterson, and Brooke DorseyHolliman. "Evaluating sexual function in adolescent and young adult childhood cancer survivors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e24180-e24180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e24180.
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e24180 Background: Up to half of adolescent and young adult (AYA) childhood cancer survivors (CCS) experience sexual dysfunction (SD) as a result cancer or its treatment. SD in CCS is under-recognized, with low levels of routine screening due to barriers such as discomfort, time, and awareness. This study explores solutions to these barriers by describing AYA CCS preferences for implementation of screening for SD and evaluating the utility of a validated adult screening tool (PROMIS SexFS Brief) in this population. Methods: 16 AYA CCS (aged 15-24 years) completed semi-structured interviews followed by questionnaire completion. Interviews explored patients’ prior experiences with SD screening, along with preferences for screening type (e.g., discussion, screening tool), delivery modality, and timing. Patients then completed the PROMIS SexFS Brief while verbalizing their thoughts and providing open-ended responses to each item. Transcribed interviews were inductively coded and analyzed, guided by content analysis methodology. Results: This analysis represents 2/3 of planned interviews, and all will be completed by April 1, 2020. Interviews were performed with 11 females and 5 males (median age 21). Preliminary analysis demonstrates that participants had minimal experience with SD conversations, but had preferences regarding by whom, how, and when screening/education should occur. Who: Participants felt providers should have preexisting rapport with their patients; preferences existed for provider role and sex/age. How: A combination of written materials and in-person conversations was preferred. Several acknowledged a desire to have a “warning” that the conversation would happen, such as through a questionnaire. Participants did not have a preference regarding delivery modality (paper vs. online). The PROMIS SexFS Brief appeared to demonstrate content validity and acceptability in AYA CCS. When: Participants wanted education and screening to occur regularly throughout cancer therapy and survivorship. SD conversations should be tailored developmentally to the patient. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate a theme throughout interviews of the importance of patient/provider rapport. Further, while AYA CCS prefer in-person conversations about SD, conversations should be preceded by written information or a questionnaire to increase patient preparedness/comfort. Preliminary findings suggest that the PROMIS SexFS Brief is a promising tool for screening SD in this population; further studies evaluating use in clinical settings is warranted.
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Brandenburg, Stefan, and Sandra Epple. "Drivers’ Individual Design Preferences of Takeover Requests in Highly Automated Driving." i-com 18, no. 2 (August 27, 2019): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/icom-2018-0028.
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Abstract Highly automated cars will be on the worlds’ roads within the next decade. In highly automated driving the vehicle’s lateral and longitudinal controls can be passed on from the driver to the vehicle and back again. The design of a vehicle’s take-over requests will largely determine the driver’s performance after taking back vehicle control. In the scope of this paper, potential drivers of highly automated cars were asked about their preferences regarding the human-machine interface design of take-over requests. Participants were asked to evaluate eight different take-over requests that differed with respect to (a) take-over request procedure (one-step or two-step procedure), (b) visual take-over request modality (text or text and pictogram), and (c) auditory take-over request modality (tone or speech). Results showed that participants preferred a two-step procedure using text and speech to communicate take-over requests. A subsequent conjoint analysis revealed that take-over requests ideally use speech output in a two-step procedure. Finally, a detailed evaluation showed that the best take-over request interface received significantly higher user experience ratings regarding product characteristics as well as users’ emotions and consequences of product use than the worst take-over request interface. Results are related to the background literature and practical implications are discussed.
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Lokkerbol, Joran, Julia M. van Voorthuijsen, Amber Geomini, Bea Tiemens, Annemieke van Straten, Filip Smit, Anneriek Risseeuw, Anton van Balkom, and Mickaël Hiligsmann. "A discrete-choice experiment to assess treatment modality preferences of patients with anxiety disorder." Journal of Medical Economics 22, no. 2 (December 22, 2018): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13696998.2018.1555403.
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Beaulac, Julie, Kim Corace, Louise Balfour, Mark Kaluzienski, and Curtis Cooper. "Hepatitis C patient communication source and modality preferences in the direct-acting antiviral era." Canadian Liver Journal 1, no. 4 (December 2018): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/canlivj.2018-0007.
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