Academic literature on the topic 'Mobility metrics'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mobility metrics"
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Calderbank, David M. J., Vladimir S. Matveev, and Stefan Rosemann. "Curvature and the c-projective mobility of Kähler metrics with hamiltonian 2-forms." Compositio Mathematica 152, no. 8 (April 26, 2016): 1555–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0010437x16007302.
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The mobility of a Kähler metric is the dimension of the space of metrics with which it is c-projectively equivalent. The mobility is at least two if and only if the Kähler metric admits a nontrivial hamiltonian 2-form. After summarizing this relationship, we present necessary conditions for a Kähler metric to have mobility at least three: its curvature must have nontrivial nullity at every point. Using the local classification of Kähler metrics with hamiltonian 2-forms, we describe explicitly the Kähler metrics with mobility at least three and hence show that the nullity condition on the curvature is also sufficient, up to some degenerate exceptions. In an appendix, we explain how the classification may be related, generically, to the holonomy of a complex cone metric.
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Ibadah, Nisrine, Khalid Minaoui, Mohammed Rziza, Mohammed Oumsis, and César Benavente-Peces. "Deep Validation of Spatial Temporal Features of Synthetic Mobility Models." Computers 7, no. 4 (December 16, 2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers7040071.
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This paper analyzes the most relevant spatial-temporal stochastic properties of benchmark synthetic mobility models. Each pattern suffers from various mobility flaws, as will be shown by the models’ validation. A set of metrics is used to describe mobility features, such as the speed decay problem, the density wave phenomenon, the spatial node distribution, and the average neighbor percentage. These metrics have already been validated for the random waypoint mobility model (RWPMM), but they have not yet been verified for other mobility patterns that are most frequently used. For this reason, this investigation attempts to deeply validate those metrics for other mobility models, namely the Manhattan Grid mobility, the Reference Point Group mobility, the Nomadic Community mobility, the Self-Similar Least Action Walk, and SMOOTH models. Moreover, we propose a novel mobility metric named the “node neighbors range”. The relevance of this new metric is that it proves at once the set of outcomes of previous metrics. It offers a global view of the overall range of mobile neighbors during the experimental time. The current research aims to more rigorously understand mobility features in order to conduct a precise assessment of each mobility flaw, given that this fact further impacts the performance of the whole network. These validations aim to summarize several parameters into 18,126 different scenarios with an average of 486 validated files. An exhaustive analysis with details like those found in this paper leads to a good understanding of the accurate behaviors of mobility models by displaying the ability of every pattern to deal with certain topology changes, as well as to ensure network performances. Validation results confirm the effectiveness and robustness of our novel metric.
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Manno, Gianni, and Andreas Vollmer. "Benenti Tensors: A useful tool in Projective Differential Geometry." Complex Manifolds 5, no. 1 (May 18, 2018): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/coma-2018-0006.
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AbstractTwo metrics are said to be projectively equivalent if they share the same geodesics (viewed as unparametrized curves). The degree of mobility of a metric g is the dimension of the space of the metrics projectively equivalent to g. For any pair of metrics (g, ḡ) on the same manifold one can construct a (1, 1)- tensor L(g, ḡ) called the Benenti tensor. In this paper we discuss some geometrical properties of Benenti tensors when (g, ḡ) are projectively equivalent, particularly in the case of degree of mobility equal to 2.
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Wong, J. Y., P. Jayakumar, E. Toma, and J. Preston-Thomas. "A review of mobility metrics for next generation vehicle mobility models." Journal of Terramechanics 87 (February 2020): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jterra.2019.10.003.
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Spohn, Marco Aurélio, and Matheus Henrique Trichez. "An Analysis of a Real Mobility Trace Based on Standard Mobility Metrics." Revista de Informática Teórica e Aplicada 26, no. 1 (April 14, 2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2175-2745.84330.
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Better understanding mobility, being it from pedestrians or any other moving object, is practical and insightful. Practical due to its applications to the fundamentals of communication, with special attention to wireless communication. Insightful because it might pinpoint the pros and cons of how we are moving, or being moved, around. There are plenty of studies focused on mobility in mobile wireless networks, including the proposals of several synthetic mobility models. Getting real mobility traces is not an easy task, but there has been some efforts to provide traces to the public through repositories. Synthetic mobility models are usually analyzed through mobility metrics, which are designed to capture mobility subtleties. This work research on the applicability of some representative mobility metrics for real traces analysis. To achieve that goal, a case study is accomplished with a dataset of mobility traces of taxi cabs in the city of Rome/Italy. The results suggest that the mobility metrics under consideration are capable of capturing mobility properties which would otherwise require more sophisticated analytical approaches.
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SHU, Xiao. "Relations among Mobility Metrics in Wireless Networks." Int'l J. of Communications, Network and System Sciences 01, no. 03 (2008): 246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijcns.2008.13030.
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Matveev, Vladimir S., and Stefan Rosemann. "The degree of mobility of Einstein metrics." Journal of Geometry and Physics 99 (January 2016): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomphys.2015.09.008.
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Evangeline, C. Suganthi, and S. Appu. "An Efficient Data Transmission in VANET Using Clustering Method." International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 63, no. 3 (August 28, 2017): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eletel-2017-0045.
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Abstract A special type of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) which has frequent changes of topology and higher mobility is known as Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). In order to divide the network into groups of mobile vehicles and improve routing, data gathering, clustering is applied in VANETs. A stable clustering scheme based on adaptive multiple metric combining both the features of static and dynamic clustering methods is proposed in this work. Based on a new multiple metric method, a cluster head is selected among the cluster members which is taken from the mobility metrics such as position and time to leave the road segment, relative speed and Quality of Service metrics which includes neighborhood degree, link quality of the RSU and bandwidth. A higher QoS and cluster stability are achieved through the adaptive multiple metric. The results are simulated using NS2 and shows that this technique provides more stable cluster structured with the other methods.
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Gao, Xuesong, Hui Wang, and Lun Liu. "Profiling Residents’ Mobility with Grid-Aggregated Mobile Phone Trace Data Using Chengdu as the Case." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 12, 2021): 13713. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413713.
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People’s movement trace harvested from mobile phone signals has become an important new data source for studying human behavior and related socioeconomic topics in social science. With growing concern about privacy leakage of big data, mobile phone data holders now tend to provide aggregate-level mobility data instead of individual-level data. However, most algorithms for measuring mobility are based on individual-level data—how the existing mobility algorithms can be properly transformed to apply on aggregate-level data remains undiscussed. This paper explores the transformation of individual data-based mobility metrics to fit with grid-aggregate data. Fifteen candidate metrics measuring five indicators of mobility are proposed and the most suitable one for each indicator is selected. Future research about aggregate-level mobility data may refer to our analysis to assist in the selection of suitable mobility metrics.
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Xu, Gang, Leigh Sturges, Michael Chapman, Chris Albrecht, Dave Bergner, and Xianming Shi. "Snow Removal Performance Metrics: Past, Present, and Future." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2613, no. 1 (January 2017): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2613-08.
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Snow and ice maintenance operations are among the most critical functions of state transportation agencies and municipalities in cold regions. The use of snow removal performance metrics is of increasing interest to transportation practitioners and academics. For this paper, a comprehensive literature review and a survey were conducted to gather information on the performance metrics used in winter highway maintenance activities by different transportation agencies. Performance goals for snow and ice control were identified in the survey, with average rankings as follows (in descending order): safety, mobility, economy, essential functions, environment, infrastructure, and livability. The survey results were also tabulated and analyzed to identify best practices and future trends in the agencies. Restoring safety and mobility consistently remains a priority of nearly all agencies. At present, the time taken to reach an established level of service is the most commonly used metric of different agencies. Because of the relatively high effectiveness, reliability, and timeliness of outcome-based and severity index–based performance metrics, more agencies are moving toward these types of metrics. Performance measurement by geographic area was also investigated but no clear trend was found.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mobility metrics"
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Xu, Sanlin, and SanlinXu@yahoo com. "Mobility Metrics for Routing in MANETs." The Australian National University. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2007. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20070621.212401.
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A Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes forming a temporary network without the need for base stations or any other preexisting network infrastructure. In a peer-to-peer fashion, mobile nodes can communicate with each other by using wireless multihop communication. Due to its low cost,
high flexibility, fast network establishment and self-reconfiguration, ad hoc networking has received much interest during the last ten years. However, without a fixed infrastructure, frequent path changes cause significant numbers of
routing packets to discover new paths, leading to increased network congestion and transmission latency over fixed networks. Many on-demand routing protocols have been developed by using various routing mobility metrics to choose the most reliable
routes, while dealing with the primary obstacle caused by node mobility.
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In the first part, we have developed an analysis framework for mobility metrics in random mobility model. Unlike previous research, where the mobility metrics were mostly studied by simulations, we derive the analytical expressions of mobility
metrics, including link persistence, link duration, link availability, link residual time, link change rate and their path equivalents. We also show relationships between the different
metrics, where they exist. Such exact expressions constitute precise mathematical relationships between network connectivity and node mobility.
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We further validate our analysis framework in Random Walk Mobility
model (RWMM). Regarding constant or random variable node velocity, we construct the transition matrix of Markov Chain Model through the analysis of the PDF of node separation after one epoch. In addition, we present intuitive and simple expressions for the link residual time and link duration, for the RWMM, which relate them directly to the ratio between transmission range and node speed. We also illustrate the relationship between link change rate and link duration. Finally, simulation results for all mentioned mobility metrics are reported which match well the proposed analytical framework.
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In the second part, we investigate the mobility metric applications on caching strategies and hierarchy routing algorithm. When on-demand routing employed, stale route cache
information and frequent new-route discovery in processes in MANETs generate considerable routing delay and overhead. This thesis proposes a practical route caching strategy to minimize routing delay and/or overhead by setting route cache timeout to a mobility metric, the expected path residual time. The strategy is independent of network traffic load and adapts to various
non-identical link duration distributions, so it is feasible to implement in a real-time route caching scheme. Calculated results
show that the routing delay achieved by the route caching scheme is only marginally more than the theoretically determined minimum. Simulation in NS-2 demonstrates that the end-to-end delay from DSR routing can be remarkably reduced by our caching scheme. By using overhead analysis model, we demonstrate that the minimum routing overhead can be achieved by increasing timeout to around twice the expected path residual time, without significant increase in routing delay.
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Apart from route cache, this thesis also addresses link cache strategy which has the potential to utilize route information more efficiently than a route cache scheme. Unlike some previous link cache schemes delete links at some fixed time after they enter the cache, we proposes using either the expected path duration or the link residual time as the link cache timeout. Simulation results in NS-2 show that both of the proposed link caching schemes can improve network performance in the DSR by reducing dropped data packets, latency and routing overhead, with the link residual time scheme out-performing the path duration scheme.
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To deal with large-scale MANETs, this thesis presents an adaptive k-hop clustering algorithm (AdpKHop), which selects clusterhead (CH) by our CH selection metrics. The proposed CH selection criteria enable that the chosen CHs are closer to the cluster centroid and more stable than other cluster members with respect to node mobility. By using merging threshold
which is based on the CH selection metric, 1-hop clusters can merge to k-hop clusters, where the size of each k-hop cluster adapts to the node mobility of the chosen CH. Moreover, we propose a routing overhead analysis model for k-hop clustering
algorithm, which is determined by a range of network parameters, such as link change rate (related to node mobility), node degree and cluster density. Through the overhead analysis, we show that an optimal k-hop cluster density does exist, which is
independent of node mobility. Therefore, the corresponding optimal
cluster merging threshold can be employed to efficiently organise k-hop clusters to achieve minimum routing overhead, which is highly desirable in large-scale networks.
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The work presented in this thesis provides a sound basis for future research on mobility analysis for mobile ad hoc networks, in aspects such as mobility metrics, caching strategies and k-hop clustering routing protocols.
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Xu, Sanlin. "Mobility metrics for routing in MANETs /." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2007. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20070621.212401/index.html.
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Thüer, Thomas. "Mobility evaluation of wheeled all-terrain robots : metrics and application /." Zürich : ETH, 2009. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18160.
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Mills, Evan. "Seasonal Round Travel Routes and the Cost of Mobility." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/630.
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In 1985 a settlement and subsistence model of seasonal round mobility was proposed by Statistical Research, Inc. This model proposed four travel routes used by the Late Prehistoric Serrano to access the higher elevation village site known as Rock Camp to gather acorns and pinyon nuts in the fall. This research investigates the proposed routes, as well as an additional route, for energy efficiency and archaeological evidence of use in prehistory. Data collection involved using experimental methods designed to gather controlled physiological data for evaluating the efficiency of traveling each route. Archaeological sites present on the travel routes and within the research area and were analyzed for elements indicative of prehistoric settlement characteristics. A combination of physiological evidence and archaeological evidence are the basis for determinations on which routes were most likely to have been used in prehistory. An analysis of the settlement model is also provided in order to provide future research with guidelines and context for evaluating sites within the region. Suggestions are provided for future studies to focus on chronology and expansion of the settlement model.
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Chama, Namusale Chibwe Maggie. "Impact of node mobility in user-centric routing." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15783.
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Doutoramento em Engenharia Eletrotécnica -TelecomunicaçõesRecent paradigms in wireless communication architectures describe environments where nodes present a highly dynamic behavior (e.g., User Centric Networks). In such environments, routing is still performed based on the regular packet-switched behavior of store-and-forward. Albeit sufficient to compute at least an adequate path between a source and a destination, such routing behavior cannot adequately sustain the highly nomadic lifestyle that Internet users are today experiencing. This thesis aims to analyse the impact of the nodes’ mobility on routing scenarios. It also aims at the development of forwarding concepts that help in message forwarding across graphs where nodes exhibit human mobility patterns, as is the case of most of the user-centric wireless networks today. The first part of the work involved the analysis of the mobility impact on routing, and we found that node mobility significance can affect routing performance, and it depends on the link length, distance, and mobility patterns of nodes. The study of current mobility parameters showed that they capture mobility partially. The routing protocol robustness to node mobility depends on the routing metric sensitivity to node mobility. As such, mobility-aware routing metrics were devised to increase routing robustness to node mobility. Two categories of routing metrics proposed are the time-based and spatial correlation-based. For the validation of the metrics, several mobility models were used, which include the ones that mimic human mobility patterns. The metrics were implemented using the Network Simulator tool using two widely used multi-hop routing protocols of Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV). Using the proposed metrics, we reduced the path re-computation frequency compared to the benchmark metric. This means that more stable nodes were used to route data. The time-based routing metrics generally performed well across the different node mobility scenarios used. We also noted a variation on the performance of the metrics, including the benchmark metric, under different mobility models, due to the differences in the node mobility governing rules of the models.
Os paradigmas recentes de arquiteturas de comunicação sem fios consistem em ambientes onde os dispositivos apresentam um comportamento dinâmico (e.g., Redes Centradas no Utilizador). Nestes ambientes, o encaminhamento de dados ainda é realizado com base no comportamento de armazenamento e encaminhamento da comutação clássica de pacotes. Embora seja suficiente para calcular, pelo menos, um caminho adequado entre uma origem e um destino, tal comportamento de encaminhamento não é adequado nas redes móveis e sem fios atuais. Esta tese tem como objetivo analisar o impacto da mobilidade dos utilizadores sobre os diferentes cenários de encaminhamento. A tese também visa o desenvolvimento de conceitos de encaminhamento que ajudam na distribuição de dados através de grafos, nos quais os vértices exibem padrões de mobilidade humana, como é o caso hoje em dia para a maior parte das redes sem fios centradas no utilizador. A primeira parte desta tese envolveu a análise do impacto da mobilidade dos utilizadores no encaminhamento, com a análise de que a mobilidade, para afetar o desempenho do encaminhamento, depende do comprimento do caminho entre a origem e o destino, da distância entre os dispositivos, e dos diferentes padrões de mobilidade. O estudo dos atuais parâmetros de mobilidade mostrou que eles capturam parcialmente a mobilidade dos utilizadores. A robustez dos protocolos de encaminhamento depende da sensibilidade das métricas no que concerne a esta mobilidade. Assim, foram concebidas métricas de encaminhamento baseadas na mobilidade dos utilizadores para aumentar a robustez do encaminhamento em relação à mobilidade. As duas categorias de métricas de encaminhamento criadas foram métricas que têm como base o tempo e a correlação espacial. Para a validação das métricas foram utilizados vários modelos de mobilidade, incluindo os modelos que imitam padrões de mobilidade humana. As métricas foram implementadas utilizando a ferramenta Network Simulator e considerando dois protocolos de encaminhamento por múltiplos saltos amplamente utilizados, o Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) e o Adhoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV). Com a utilização das métricas propostas observa-se que a frequência de realização de novos cálculos de caminhos de comunicação foi reduzida em relação à métrica de referência. Isto significa que foram usados caminhos mais estáveis para encaminhar dados. As métricas de encaminhamento baseadas no tempo apresentam geralmente um bom desempenho nos diferentes cenários de mobilidade utilizados. Observou-se também uma variação no desempenho das métricas, incluindo a métrica de referência, nos diferentes modelos de mobilidade considerados, devido a diferenças nas regras de mobilidade dos utilizadores dos diferentes modelos.
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Bagayoko, Amadou Baba. "Politiques de robustesse en réseaux ad hoc." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0056/document.
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Les réseaux sans fil sont sujets à des perturbations voire des pannes de liens et de noeuds en raison des caractéristiques intrinsèques de leur support de communication ; ces pannes sont aggravées par les particularités de relayage et de mobilité des noeuds dans les réseaux ad hoc. Ces réseaux requièrent donc la conception et la mise oeuvre des protocoles robustes au niveau de toutes les couches protocolaires. Dans cette thèse, nous choisissons une approche de robustesse pour améliorer les performances des communications dans un réseau mobile ad hoc. Nous proposons et étudions deux architectures de protection (protection par une analyse prédictive et protection par redondance de routes) qui sont couplées avec une restauration de niveau routage. Concernant la phase de détection, le protocole de routage utilise les notifications de niveau liaison pour détecter les pannes de liens. La première solution repose sur un protocole de routage réactif unipath dont le critère de sélection de routes est modifié. L’idée est d’utiliser des métriques capables de prédire l’état futur des routes dans le but d’améliorer leur durée de vie. Pour cela, deux métriques prédictives reposant sur la mobilité des noeuds sont proposées : la fiabilité des routes et une combinaison fiabilité-minimum de sauts. Pour calculer ces métriques prédictives, nous proposons une méthode analytique de calcul de la fiabilité de liens entre noeuds. Cette méthode prend compte le modèle de mobilité des noeuds et les caractéristiques de la communication sans fil notamment les collisions inter-paquets et les atténuations du signal. Les modèles de mobilité étudiés sont les modèles Random Walk et Random Way Point. Nous montrons l’impact de ces métriques sur les performances en termes de taux de livraison de paquets, de surcoût normalisé et de ruptures de routes. La seconde solution est une protection par redondance de routes qui s’appuie sur un protocole de routage multipath. Dans cette architecture, l’opération de recouvrement consiste soit à un basculement sur une route secondaire soit à une nouvelle découverte. Nous montrons que la redondance de routes améliore la robustesse de la communication en réduisant le temps de restauration. Ensuite, nous proposons une comparaison analytique entre les différentes politiques de recouvrement d’un protocole multipath. Nous en deduisons qu’un recouvrement segmenté donne les meilleurs résultats en termes de temps de restauration et de fiabilitéDue to the unreliability characteristics of wireless communications, and nodes mobility, Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) suffer from frequent failures and reactivation of links. Consequently, the routes frequently change, causing significant number of routing packets to discover new routes, leading to increased network congestion and transmission latency. Therefore, MANETs demand robust protocol design at all layers of the communication protocol stack, particularly at the MAC, the routing and transport layers. In this thesis, we adopt robustness approach to improve communication performance in MANET. We propose and study two protection architectures (protection by predictive analysis and protection by routes redundancy) which are coupled with a routing level restoration. The routing protocol is responsible of the failure detection phase, and uses the mechanism of link-level notifications to detect link failures. Our first proposition is based on unipath reactive routing protocol with a modified route selection criterion. The idea is to use metrics that can predict the future state of the route in order to improve their lifetime. Two predictive metrics based on the mobility of nodes are proposed : the routes reliability and, combining hop-count and reliability metrics. In order to determine the two predictive metrics, we propose an analytical formulation that computes link reliability between adjacent nodes. This formulation takes into account nodes mobility model and the the wireless communication characteristics including the collisions between packets and signal attenuations. Nodes mobility models studied are Random Walk and Random Way Point. We show the impact of these predictive metrics on the networks performance in terms of packet delivery ratio, normalized routing overhead and number of route failures. The second proposition is based on multipath routing protocol. It is a protection mechanism based on route redundancy. In this architecture, the recovery operation is either to switch the traffic to alternate route or to compute a new route. We show that the routes redundancy technique improves the communication robustness by reducing the failure recovery time. We propose an analytical comparison between different recovery policies of multipath routing protocol. We deduce that segment recovery is the best recovery policy in terms of recovery time and reliability
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Tahir, Saleem. "Performance Issues of Routing Protocols in MANET." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2681.
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A mobile ad-hoc network is an assortment of wireless mobile hosts, which establishes a momentary network without any assist of centralized administrator. The characteristics of an ad-hoc network can be explored on the base of routing protocols. The dynamic topology is the vital characteristic in which nodes frequently change their position. In the ad-hoc networks, there are mobile nodes such as Personal Digital Assistance (PDA), smart phone and laptops; they have limited operational resources like battery power and bandwidth. The control traffic is to be minimized, which is the main responsibility of routing protocols by selecting the shortest path and controlling the traffic. In this study work, we focus on performance issues of routing protocols, Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR), Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), and Temporally Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA) in mobility and standalone ad-hoc networks. For this purpose, we first study and explain these protocols and then we use the Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) modeler tool and analyze the performance metrics delay, throughput and network load.
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Matiolli, João Antonio Camargo. "Relações entre características espaciais de cidades e a resiliência na mobilidade urbana /." Bauru, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192220.
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Orientador: Gustavo Garcia ManzatoResumo: O trabalho apresentado teve como objetivo principal avaliar as relações entre características espaciais das cidades e a resiliência em relação à mobilidade urbana, considerando os diferentes portes de municípios, em um estudo aplicado para o estado de São Paulo. Para atingir tal objetivo, foi proposto o desenvolvimento de um método de avaliação da resiliência na mobilidade urbana considerando viagens não motorizadas (caminhada e bicicleta), utilizando como inovação a Grade Estatística do IBGE. Em geral, para o modo a pé foi observado que cerca de 46% dos municípios analisados seriam totalmente resilientes, sendo que esta proporção é composta pelos munícipios de menor porte. Já os municípios que apresentaram uma baixa resiliência compreendem aproximadamente 11% do total de municípios e são caracterizados por aqueles de maior porte e mais populosos do estado. Para o modo bicicleta a situação é diferente, nota-se que apenas os municípios de São Paulo e Ilhabela apresentam baixa resiliência. Além disso, é observado que 91% dos municípios são totalmente resilientes em relação a esse modo de deslocamento. A partir dos resultados do método, buscou-se relacionar essa resiliência com métricas espaciais das cidades por meio de índices de forma urbana, a saber: Densidade, Concentração, Agrupamento e Centralidade. Dessa maneira, concluiu-se que a Densidade Domiciliar é o parâmetro que mais se destaca, uma vez que quanto maior o porte do município, maior foi o valor observado para essa mé... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between spatial characteristics of cities and the resilience in urban mobility, considering the different sizes of the municipalities, in a study applied to the state of São Paulo. To achieve this objective, we proposed the development of a method for assessing the resilience in urban mobility considering non-motorized trips (walking and cycling), using the Statistical Grid of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics as an innovation. In general, for walking, we observed that around 46% of the municipalities would be totally resilient, and this proportion corresponds to the smaller municipalities. On the other hand, the municipalities that show a lower resilience comprise approximately 11% of the total and are characterized by the largest and most populous municipalities in the state. For cycling the situation is different. We noted that only the municipalities of São Paulo and Ilhabela present a low resilience rate. In addition, we observed that 91% of the municipalities are totally resilient to this travel mode. In turn, we sought to establish a relationship between this resilience with spatial metrics of the cities through urban form indexes: Density, Concentration, Clustering and Centrality. Thus, we concluded that the household density is the parameter that stands out the most, since the larger the size of the municipality, the higher the value for this metric. For the other metrics (Concentration, Cl... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Costantini, Hervé. "La mobilité sociale : Modèles et traces." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770978.
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L'avenir de la communication est perçu comme étant quasiment exclusivement constitué de nœuds mobiles évoluant dans un réseau mobile. Dans ce contexte, différentes approches contribuent continuellement à l'amélioration directe ou indirecte des délais d'acheminement des informations échangées entre les utilisateurs, dont :- l'analyse des traces;- l'évaluation des performances ;- les services de localisation;- le routage. Nous décrivons chacun de ses thèmes et proposons des solutions faisant évoluer l'état de l'art. Celles-ci prennent appui sur des méthodes et outils tels que :- les Réseaux de Petri, pour l'analyse des traces ;- les modèles de mobilité, pour l'évaluation des performances;- l'introduction du social dans les services de localisation;- la mise en place d'une nouvelle métrique pour le routage. Nous montrons comment ces solutions concourent de façon complémentaire les unes avec les autres, à améliorer l'expérience de l'utilisateur.
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Marcel, Olivier. "Des horizons à la trace : géographie des mobilités de l'art à Nairobi." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30061.
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Cette thèse consiste en une géographie des lieux et des circulations de l’émergence artistique dans une métropole du Sud. Elle se situe au croisement entre une géographie urbaine, soucieuse des agencements socio-spatiaux à l’intérieur desquels s’organise l’existence « ordinaire » d’une activité en train de se faire, et une géographie de l’art qui place les trajectoires spatiales des faits artistiques au cœur de l’analyse. Capitale postcoloniale, métropole est-africaine et périphérie d’une « économie mondiale d’archipel », Nairobi est un terrain de la rencontre entre métropolisation et globalisation. Dans le sillon des théories géographiques de la mondialisation, cette recherche propose de documenter et de cartographier les reconfigurations de l’espace artistique qui résultent de ces dynamiques. L’originalité de cette thèse est de rassembler l’ensemble des scènes et des productions artistiques d’une ville sur le dénominateur commun de la dimension spatiale de leurs circulations. Le matériau étudié (discours et curriculum vitae d’artistes, activités et archives de centres d’art) permet de confronter des circulations effectives à des horizons d’accomplissement différenciés, dont la trame est faite d’une ruralité encore prégnante et la connectivité d’une métropole mondialisée. La méthode développée relève de la traçabilité, dont la base est l’enquête par observation. Une exposition, une performance, une bourse de voyage, la visite d’un commissaire d’exposition, d’un collectionneur ou d’un mécène, les circulations quotidiennes d’un artiste et ses modes de socialisation, tous ces déplacements individuels, matériels, idéels et financiers constituent la matière première de la géographie proposée dans cette thèse. Comprise comme l’articulation entre, d’une part, les compétences et les tactiques spatiales des artistes et, d’autre part, les moyens matériels et institutionnels de gestion de la distance, la mobilité artistique interroge les conditions et le sens des déplacements autant que le devenir des acteurs engagésThis Ph.D. thesis tackles the places and circulations involved in the making of art in a southern metropolis. It is situated at the crossroads of an urban geography concerned with the social and spatial layout through which this “ordinary” activity is organized, and a geographical approach of art that places actors’ trajectories at the heart of the analysis. Capital city in a postcolonial State, East African metropolis and periphery of the “global archipelagic economy”, Nairobi is a case of the encounter between metropolization and globalization. In the trail of the theories on the worlding of material geography, this study aims at documenting and mapping the reconfigurations of art space triggered by these dynamics. The novelty of this thesis is to assemble the entire range of art scenes and products of a city, using the common thread that is the spatial dimension of their circulations. The material studied (artists’ discourse and curriculum vitae; art centres activity and archive) takes on both the measureable circulations of artists while confronting them to their horizon of accomplishment. These are made up of the persistence of strong rural ties and the connectivity of a globally connected city. The method deployed relies on the notion of traceability and is based on a qualitative survey through observation. An exhibition, a performance, a mobility grant, a visiting curator, collector or benefactor, the daily circulations and socializing of an artist: all these individual, material, ideal or financial movements constitute the raw material of this research. The notion of art mobility is here understood as the articulation between artists’ agency and spatial tactics on the on hand, and the material and institutional means of dealing with distance on the other hand. Art mobility questions the conditions, directions and meanings of these movements as much as the growth of the actors engaged
Books on the topic "Mobility metrics"
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Herndon, Robert M. Outcome Measures in Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199341016.003.0011.
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This chapter discusses the challenges involved in measuring disease activity and progression in multiple sclerosis and how different aspects of the disease are measured in clinical trials. Metrics have been developed to assess multiple aspects of the disease., These include, in addition to more global instruments, measures of specific functions such as, cognition, mobility, quality of life, fatigue, and so on. These scales are discussed along with their strengths and weaknesses.
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Ellis, Peter, Paul Killingsworth, Timothy Bonds, Daniel Norton, and Peter Hirneise. The Mission Day: A New Metric to Evaluate Peacetime Demands on Mobility Air Forces. RAND Corporation, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.7249/rb149.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Mobility metrics"
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Lerner, Jeremy, and Dina Tayim. "MAGMA: Mobility Analytics Generated from Metrics on ADAS." In AI-enabled Technologies for Autonomous and Connected Vehicles, 333–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06780-8_12.
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Lobo, Benjamin, Ruosi Lin, Donald Brown, Taewung Kim, and Matthew Panzer. "Predicting Pedestrian Injury Metrics Based on Vehicle Front-End Design." In Internet of Vehicles - Safe and Intelligent Mobility, 114–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27293-1_11.
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Rosa, Luís, Fábio Silva, and Cesar Analide. "Analyzing Metrics to Understand Human Mobility Phenomena: Challenges and Solutions." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 161–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86887-1_15.
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Ben Chigra, Younes, Abderrahim Ghadi, and Mohamed Bouhorma. "New Metrics to Evaluate the Impact of High Mobility on AODV Routing." In Innovations in Smart Cities Applications Edition 2, 902–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11196-0_73.
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Yurrita, Mireia, Arnaud Grignard, Luis Alonso, and Kent Larson. "Real-Time Inference of Urban Metrics Applying Machine Learning to an Agent-Based Model Coupling Mobility Mode and Housing Choice." In Multi-Agent-Based Simulation XXII, 125–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94548-0_10.
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Lee, Jack T., and Rajani Naidoo. "Complicit Reproductions in the Global South: Courting World Class Universities and Global Rankings." In Evaluating Education: Normative Systems and Institutional Practices, 77–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7598-3_6.
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AbstractThe proliferation of global rankings has led to vigorous debates about the dominance of world-class universities and the encroaching institutional isomorphism in higher education. Specifically, the narrow metrics of rankings celebrate STEM research and institutional reputation at the expense of the humanist roots of higher education: teaching, self-cultivation, and community engagement. This critique on global rankings faces an equally vocal demand that a country must develop world-class universities in order to remain economically competitive in the global era – an instrumental logic that attracts devotees in both advanced economies as well as developing economies. Ironically, policymakers in both contexts simultaneously lament the prevalence of rankings and calibrate strategies to promote success in league tables. Although rankings attract scrutiny in both higher education policymaking and research, the implications of these metrics on higher education in the Global South receive little attention. The discourse is largely focused on top and mid ranking institutions, which are often located in the Global North. In the Global South, global rankings and the concept of world-class universities act through subtle yet powerful mechanisms to shape the contours of higher education. For many institutions and states in the Global South, the fervour is less about creating a world-class university and more about establishing links with well ranked universities (domestically and internationally). Therefore, while the explicit goal is not to build a world-class university, policymakers are nevertheless complicit in reproducing the hegemony of global rankings. This chapter will examine the activities in which global rankings exert tremendous pressure on the Global South: curriculum development, student mobility, faculty recruitment, research partnerships, and strategic planning. In mapping out the mechanisms of reproduction, the goal is to highlight the pervasive influence of global rankings and the complicity in reproduction rather than paint a binary division between the global and local dimensions of higher education.
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Yawut, Cholatip, Beatrice Paillassa, and Riadh Dhaou. "Mobility Versus Density Metric for OLSR Enhancement." In Sustainable Internet, 2–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76809-8_2.
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Naimi, Sabrine, Anthony Busson, Véronique Vèque, Larbi Ben Hadj Slama, and Ridha Bouallegue. "Anticipation of ETX Metric to Manage Mobility in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks." In Ad-hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks, 29–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07425-2_3.
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Levine, Jonathan, Joe Grengs, and Louis A. Merlin. "Accessibility in Social-Equity Evaluation." In From Mobility to Accessibility, 101–23. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501716072.003.0007.
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This chapter argues that because the concept of accessibility enables comparison of transportation's benefits among social groups, it is essential to proper evaluation of the social-equity impacts of transportation decisions. Unlike mobility metrics, which tend to focus on the performance of infrastructure, accessibility metrics are readily analyzed with regard to specific groups of people, such as low-income and racial-minority groups. One group that deserves special attention in equity analysis is people without access to an automobile, because the travel modes available to individuals are the single most decisive factor in determining whether they can reach destinations. However, because accessibility is inherently multidimensional and more complex than standard mobility-based metrics, several methodological considerations are essential for meaningful analysis; considering differences in mode alone is not sufficient. The influence of mode on accessibility tends to vary systematically in metropolitan space, and accessibility analysis must consider the effect of mode and location simultaneously. The chapter then explains the mobility nature of current equity evaluation, and proposes and demonstrates the use of accessibility-based equity-evaluation tools.
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Koumpouros, Yiannis. "Major Metrics, Concerns, and Assessment Strategy for Mobility Assistive Devices." In Quality Assurance in the Era of Individualized Medicine, 171–203. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2390-2.ch007.
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The ageing of the population is one of the major societal and financial problems. The prevalence of disability increases dramatically by age. The loss of mobility can be devastating to the elderly. Mobility aids are a one-way street to maintain independent mobility. The performance of daily activities is restrained by a series of factors related to the assistive device limitations, or the ones emerged from environmental causes. A literature review reveals minimal tools for assessing mobility assistive devices able to capture users' satisfaction. The chapter presents an assessment methodology in order to investigate assistive mobility devices' limitations, dissatisfaction reasons, and identifies the most appropriate tools to study such limitations and conclude in valid outcomes. One of the valuable characteristics of the study presented in its generalizability since it is not disease oriented. A summary of the results from both the literature review and the real case study on a mixed group of end users are presented in the chapter.
Conference papers on the topic "Mobility metrics"
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Qin, Liang, and Thomas Kunz. "Mobility Metrics for Adaptive Routing." In 2006 3rd Annual IEEE Communications Society on Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sahcn.2006.288564.
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Chama, N., R. C. Sofia, and S. Sargento. "Multihop Mobility Metrics based on Link Stability." In 2013 Workshops of 27th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (WAINA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/waina.2013.57.
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Hisazumi, Kenji, Tsuneo Nakanishi, Shota Ishibashi, Go Hirakawa, Tsunenori Mine, Takahiro Ando, Hiroki Furusho, and Akira Fukuda. "Operation Phase Metrics for Smart Mobility Platform." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Agents (ICA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ica.2016.051.
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Theoleyre, Fabrice, Rabih Tout, and Fabrice Valois. "New metrics to evaluate mobility models properties." In 2007 2nd International Symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iswpc.2007.342624.
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Lacaze, Alberto, Karl Murphy, Nenad Uzunovic, and Joseph Putney. "Autonomous mobility for areas with large numbers of pedestrians." In the 10th Performance Metrics for Intelligent Systems Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2377576.2377633.
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Cavalcanti, Elmano Ramalho, and Marco Aurélio Spohn. "Estimating the Impact of Mobility Models' Parameters on Mobility Metrics in MANETs." In 2009 Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nca.2009.17.
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Ibadah, Nisrine, Khalid Minaoui, Mohammed Rziza, Mohammed Oumsis, and César Benavente-Peces. "Flaws Validation of Maze Mobility Model using Spatial-temporal Synthetic Mobility Metrics." In 9th International Conference on Pervasive and Embedded Computing and Communication Systems. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008168801060112.
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Yawut, Cholatip, Beatrice Paillassa, and Riadh Dhaou. "On Metrics for Mobility Oriented Self Adaptive Protocols." In 2007 Third International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Communications (ICWMC'07). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icwmc.2007.60.
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Naimi, Sabrine, Anthony Busson, Veronique Veque, Larbi Ben Hadj Slama, and Ridha Bouallegue. "Mobility management in ad hoc networks using routing metrics." In 2014 Fourth International Conference on Communications and Networking (ComNet). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comnet.2014.6840923.
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Wei Fan, Yan Shi, Shanzhi Chen, and Longhao Zou. "A mobility metrics based dynamic clustering algorithm for VANETs." In IET International Conference on Communication Technology and Application (ICCTA 2011). IET, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2011.0769.
Full textReports on the topic "Mobility metrics"
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Fee, Kyle D. Does Job Quality Affect Occupational Mobility? Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-cd-20220804.
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Job quality, a well-known topic in workforce development circles, is an underutilized but useful lens with which to examine labor market conditions. The Aspen Institute (2020), a long-time advocate for job quality, defines it as “a range of attributes that drive worker experiences: wages, benefits, scheduling, legal rights, equity and inclusion, opportunity to build skills and advance, supportive work environment, and worker voice.” Given the record number of resignations and available job openings, especially in the lower-paid industry sectors, along with popular labor market narratives around the Great R’s (Resignation, Renegotiation, Reshuffle), I wonder to what extent job quality plays a role in the occupational mobility of workers. Occupational mobility includes all potential outcomes an individual has when holding a job. For instance, in addition to the option of changing to another occupation, an individual can remain in that occupation, become unemployed, or leave the labor force. Occupational mobility metrics are an appealing way to explore labor market conditions because they provide a dynamic perspective, while traditional metrics such as unemployment and labor force participation rates tend to be static observations.
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Kruse, C., Dong Hun Kang, Kenneth Mitchell, Patricia DiJoseph, and Marin Kress. Freight fluidity for the Port of Baltimore : vessel approach and maritime mobility metrics. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43000.
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The United States Army Corps of Engineers is tasked with maintaining waterborne transportation system elements. Understanding channel utilization by vessels informs decisions regarding operations, maintenance, and investments in those elements. Historically, investment decisions have been informed by safety, environmental considerations, and projected economic benefits of alleviating channel restrictions or shipping delays (usually derived from models). However, quantifying causes and impacts of shipping delays based on actual historical vessel location data and then identifying which causes could be ameliorated through investment has been out of reach until recently. In this study, Automatic Identification System vessel position reports were used to develop quantitative measures of transit and dwell-time reliabilities for commercial vessels calling at the Port of Baltimore, Maryland. This port has two deep-water approaches: Chesapeake Bay and the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal. Descriptive metrics were determined for each approach, including port cycle time, harbor stay hours, travel time inbound, and travel time outbound. Then, additional performance measures were calculated: baseline travel time, travel time index, and planning time index. The key finding of this study is that the majority of variability in port cycle time is due to the variability in harbor stay hours, not from channel conditions or channel restrictions.
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Luo, Hao, Ricardo Chahine, Arianna Rambaram, Elizabeth Theresa Rosenzweig, Konstantina Gkritza, and Hua Cai. Assessing the Travel Demand and Mobility Impacts of Transformative Transportation Technologies in Indiana. Purdue University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317374.
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The rapid development of transformative transportation technologies, such as bike-sharing, shared e-scooters, and ride-hailing systems, is reshaping the transportation landscape. These transformative transportation technologies have the potential to significantly change travel behavior and travel demand and affect transportation agencies’ planning, operations, and decision-making. The objective of this project is to develop a framework and models to quantify the potential travel demand and mobility impacts of transformative transportation technologies in Indiana cities. This project analyzed historical system usage data and conducted survey studies to evaluate the availability and use of transformative transportation technologies in select Indiana cities. The project also proposed a data-driven model to study the relationship between shared micro-mobility and the existing transit system and developed a simulation model to analyze the potential mode choice change under different future development scenarios. Additionally, based on a comprehensive literature review, a list of operations; environmental, health and safety; and accessibility and equity metrics were identified as the Key Performance Indicators to evaluate transformative transportation technologies. Furthermore, as this study was conducted in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the impacts of the pandemic on both traditional and transformative transportation systems were also examined as documented in the literature and stated in our survey.
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Appleyard, Bruce, Jonathan Stanton, and Chris Allen. Toward a Guide for Smart Mobility Corridors: Frameworks and Tools for Measuring, Understanding, and Realizing Transportation Land Use Coordination. Mineta Transportation Institue, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1805.
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The coordination of transportation and land use (also known as “smart growth”) has been a long-standing goal for planning and engineering professionals, but to this day it remains an elusive concept to realize. Leaving us with this central question -- how can we best achieve transportation and land use coordination at the corridor level? In response, this report provides a review of literature and practice related to sustainability, livability, and equity (SLE) with a focus on corridor-level planning. Using Caltrans’ Corridor Planning Process Guide and Smart Mobility Framework as guideposts, this report also reviews various principles, performance measures, and place typology frameworks, along with current mapping and planning support tools (PSTs). The aim being to serve as a guidebook that agency staff can use for reference, synergizing planning insights from various data sources that had not previously been brought together in a practical frame. With this knowledge and understanding, a key section provides a discussion of tools and metrics and how they can be used in corridor planning. For illustration purposes, this report uses the Smart Mobility Calculator (https://smartmobilitycalculator. netlify.app/), a novel online tool designed to make key data easily available for all stakeholders to make better decisions. For more information on this tool, see https://transweb.sjsu.edu/research/1899-Smart-Growth-Equity-Framework-Tool. The Smart Mobility Calculator is unique in that it incorporates statewide datasets on urban quality and livability which are then communicated through a straightforward visualization planners can readily use. Core sections of this report cover the framework and concepts upon which the Smart Mobility Calculator is built and provides examples of its functionality and implementation capabilities. The Calculator is designed to complement policies to help a variety of agencies (MPOs, DOTs, and local land use authorities) achieve coordination and balance between transportation and land use at the corridor level.
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Mathew, Jijo K., Deborah Horton, and Darcy M. Bullock. Utilization of Dedicated Electric Vehicle Plug-In Charging Stations in a College Campus Environment. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317436.
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As electric mobility is expanding at a rapid pace, the standardized availability of gas stations compared to a scarcity of charging stations continues to be the greatest challenge for electric vehicles. With cities, university campuses and businesses promoting electric vehicle infrastructure and incentives, it is necessary to develop key performance metrics and visualizations that can track the utilization of the charging infrastructure. This study performs a manual data collection at dedicated plug-in charging stations across Purdue University to assess their utilization. Approximately 2,800 observations were conducted over 50 days across seven level 2 plug-in charging stations. Results showed that for large portion of the observations, vehicles were parked at the spots (40%) but not plugged in. Vehicles plugged in to charging stations accounted for 34% of observations. Charging station spots were vacant for 25% of observations indicating that current infrastructure meets the demand. There were 74 unique vehicles that used the spots, of which 27% were plugged in more than 10 times. Illegally parked vehicles accounted for less than 1% with only 4 repeat offenders who used these spots more than once. As electric deployment continues to increase, performance metrics will be an integral tool for agencies and decision makers to help with the maintenance and expansion of electric vehicle infrastructure.