Journal articles: 'Mobility Measure'

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Glasoe, Ward M., Brett R. Grebing, Susan Beck, Michael J. Coughlin, and Charles L. Saltzman. "A Comparison of Device Measures of Dorsal First Ray Mobility." Foot & Ankle International 26, no. 11 (November 2005): 957–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110070502601111.

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Background: Devices built by Glasoe and Klaue have been used in several studies to measure first ray mobility. Both devices measure sagittal motion of the first ray in a dorsal direction. The primary difference in the devices is the method of the load imposed. This study investigates whether first ray mobility measured with the Glasoe device is similar to the amount of mobility measured with the Klaue device. Methods: Using the devices described by Glasoe and Klaue, dorsal first ray mobility was measured in 39 patients who had foot and ankle problems. Paired t-tests were computed to assess for differences between device measures of dorsal mobility. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and absolute difference values were computed to further assess the agreement in measures. Results: Dorsal mobility measured with the Glasoe device averaged 4.9 mm (1.8 to 9.3 mm). Dorsal mobility measured with the Klaue device averaged 5.2 mm (2.5 to 8.5 mm). Paired t-tests ( p = 0.12) revealed no significant difference in measures. An ICC of 0.70 and a mean absolute difference of 0.9 mm (SD 0.8) were found between the two clinical measures further suggesting agreement. Conclusion: Results indicated that the two devices possess similar diagnostic accuracy in the measurement of dorsal first ray mobility.

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Harris, Anne, Lorraine L. Pinnington, and Christopher D. Ward. "Evaluating the Impact of Mobility-Related Assistive Technology on the Lives of Disabled People: A Review of Outcome Measures." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 68, no. 12 (December 2005): 553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802260506801204.

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Sixteen outcome measures that could be used within the field of mobility assistive technology were reviewed. The aim was to assess how these tools measured activity and participation in relation to mobility. Each measure considered some useful aspect of participation, but none took sufficient account of the needs of those with mobility impairments or could evaluate adequately the impact of different technologies. To support client-centred and evidence-based practice, an outcome measure that evaluates the impact of mobility assistive technology on activity and participation is required.

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Reeves, Richard. "The Measure of a Nation." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 657, no. 1 (December 10, 2014): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716214546998.

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We need more—and better—data on social mobility in the United States. Normative questions must be answered first. We have to know why we care about a particular pattern of mobility to know how to set about measuring it. The distinction between relative and absolute mobility is a case in point. Do we care most about whether people are better off than their parents, or about how much movement there is up and down the income ladder? Technical difficulties abound for the measurement of mobility. It is important not to lose sight of the motivation for the exercise: measuring how far the inequality patterns of one generation are impressed upon the next, understanding these replication processes empirically, and weakening them. America has a historic commitment to the ideal of equality of opportunity. Data on mobility, then, comprise the measure of the nation.

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Mazumder, Bhashkar, and Miguel Acosta. "Using Occupation to Measure Intergenerational Mobility." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 657, no. 1 (December 10, 2014): 174–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716214552056.

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Scholarly investigations of intergenerational mobility typically focus on either the occupations of fathers and sons or their incomes. Using an identical sample of fathers and sons, we examine how estimates of intergenerational mobility in income and occupational prestige are affected by (1) measurement that uses long time averages and (2) varying the point in the life cycle when outcomes are measured. We find that intergenerational occupational mobility is overstated when using a single year of fathers’ occupation compared to a 10-year average centered on mid-career. We also find that for both income and occupation, mobility estimates are largest when sons are in their mid-career, suggesting that this may be the ideal period in which to measure their status. Finally, we see differences in the pattern of estimates across the two types of measures: for income, estimates of intergenerational persistence are highest when fathers are in their mid-career; for occupation, estimates are much larger when fathers’ occupations are accounted for late in their careers.

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Wang, JinYan, ChangHua Tan, and MingZhen Xu. "Method to measure MOSFET inversion layer mobility." Electronics Letters 35, no. 21 (1999): 1884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19991157.

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Brown, C. J., C. Loyd, J. Tyler Richardson, and G. Boogaerts. "VALIDATION OF THE ACUTE CARE MOBILITY ASSESSMENT: A MEASURE OF HOSPITAL MOBILITY." Innovation in Aging 2, suppl_1 (November 1, 2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy023.012.

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Lethbridge, Emma Marie, and Chris Muldoon. "Development of a Mobility-Related Quality-of-Life Measure for Individuals with Vision Impairments." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 112, no. 2 (March 2018): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x1811200205.

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Introduction Scientifically valid measures of functional vision and quality of life, designed to explore individuals’ experiences of vision impairment (that is, blindness and low vision) are widely available; however, there is a paucity of measures specifically considering the quality of life afforded by an individual's mobility. The aim of this research was to develop a mobility-related quality-of-life measure. Methods An 11-item measure was developed by adapting the Seeing It My Way (Vision Strategy UK, 2011) theoretical framework of outcomes for measuring quality of life when living with vision impairments to explore the effect of mobility. These items are on a seven-point Likert scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree to form the Mobility-Related Quality-of-Life measure (MRQoL). Results Data from 688 participants revealed that the MRQoL had appropriate reliability, with the items on the scale being highly related and demonstrating sufficient internal consistency. When tested over time without significant intervention, the MRQoL was observed to be stable, with high test-retest reliability. Exploratory factor analysis revealed two distinct sub-factors: factor one, representing a construct containing aspects of independent mobility; and factor two, comprised of the skills and knowledge that enhance mobility. Together, the constructs accounted for 52.2% of the variability within in the data. Discussion The MRQoL is evidentiarily reliable and has a useful two-factor structure exploring both independent mobility and mobility-enhancing skills and knowledge. Implications for practitioners The MRQoL is a practical, sensitive, and reliable tool for use in assessing mobility-related quality of life in individuals with vision impairments. The measure is appropriate for use within research or in the field to assess the mobility-related quality of life of individuals or demographics with vision impairments, as well as the success of individual training, group mobility training, or other interventions. The MRQoL measure can be used as a stand-alone tool or alongside other measures.

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Chung, Jane, George Demiris, and Hilaire J. Thompson. "Instruments to Assess Mobility Limitation in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 23, no. 2 (April 2015): 298–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2013-0181.

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Mobility is critical in maintaining independence in older adults. This study aims to systematically review the scientific literature to identify measures of mobility limitation for community-dwelling older adults. A systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, and psycINFO, using the search terms “mobility limitation”, “mobility disability”, and “mobility difficulty” yielded 1,847 articles from 1990 to 2012; a final selection of 103 articles was used for the present manuscript. Tools to measure mobility were found to be either self-report or performance-based instruments. Commonly measured constructs of mobility included walking, climbing stairs, and lower extremity function. There was heterogeneity in ways of defining and measuring mobility limitation in older adults living in the community. Given the lack of consistency in assessment tools for mobility, a clear understanding and standardization of instruments are required for comparison across studies and for better understanding indicators and outcomes of mobility limitation in community-dwelling older adults.

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RYALL, N. H., S. B. EYRES, V. C. NEUMANN, B. B. BHAKTA, and A. TENNANT. "Is the Rivermead Mobility Index appropriate to measure mobility in lower limb amputees?" Disability and Rehabilitation 25, no. 3 (January 2003): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0963828021000024951.

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Chung, Jane, Lana Sargent, and Roy Brown. "Use of GPS Tracking Technology to Measure Mobility in Older Adults: A Systematic Review." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 196–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.636.

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Abstract Global positioning system (GPS) tracking technology is increasingly used in aging research to objectively measure the spatial and temporal aspects of mobility in older adults. The review aims to systematically synthesize the literature to identify GPS-driven mobility measures and potential determinants of mobility limitation for community-dwelling older adults. A systematic search of six electronic databases was conducted. A total of 4897 articles were found with 2578 left to review after deduplication. Twenty-five studies met inclusion criteria: 24 cross-sectional studies and one follow-up study that measured mobility changes over time. Various types of GPS devices were used, including smartphones, GPS watches, or portable data logging kits. The GPS tracking period ranged from 1 to 30 days. The daily device wear time varied from 10 to 24 hours. Commonly reported GPS-based mobility measures included time out of home, distance moved, the number of out-of-home trips or walking tracts, the number of visited places, life-space area, and walking speed. Twenty-one studies reported some aspects of demographic, physical, psychosocial, or environmental factors related to the levels of GPS-based mobility. GPS tracking technology can continuously record individuals’ activities and functional abilities within their life space. We found that there was heterogeneity in ways of applying GPS technology and defining and measuring mobility in community-dwelling older adults. Given the lack of consistency in GPS-based mobility assessment, a clear definition of mobility and standardization of GPS data collection and analysis are required for comparison across studies and better understanding determinants of mobility limitation in community-dwelling older adults.

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Yoshihara, Yuki, Nozomi Tomita, Yoshinari Makino, and Masafumi Yano. "Autonomous Control of Reaching Movement by ‘Mobility’ Measure." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 19, no. 4 (August 20, 2007): 448–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2007.p0448.

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Humans achieve reaching movements even when environmental conditions change unexpectedly, and because the human arm is redundant, a controller must incorporate constraints, and these constraints should adapt to changes in environmental conditions. In this paper, we propose new constraints that emerge in real-time from the sensory information acquired by the system during movement. In our model, the constraints needed to determine the control commands for each joint are implemented as autonomously decentralized interactions among the joints, based on a ‘mobility’ measure that evaluates instantaneous dynamic and kinematic properties of each joint. Simulated results indicate that these interactions can yield suitable motor commands in real-time, in such a way that the more mobile joints work dominantly and the less mobile joints work cooperatively, even when dynamic and kinematic perturbations are applied to the system during movement. The proposed constraints are thus adaptive to environmental and dynamic changes, and our controller is capable of functioning in the real world.

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Salarian, Arash, Fay B. Horak, Cris Zampieri, Patricia Carlson-Kuhta, John G. Nutt, and Kamiar Aminian. "iTUG, a Sensitive and Reliable Measure of Mobility." IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 18, no. 3 (June 2010): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2010.2047606.

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Byung-Jae Kwak, Nah-Oak Song, and L. E. Miller. "A mobility measure for mobile ad hoc networks." IEEE Communications Letters 7, no. 8 (August 2003): 379–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2003.815664.

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Peng, Mingxu, Dan Bu, and Yougui Wang. "The measure of income mobility in vector space." Physics Procedia 3, no. 5 (August 2010): 1725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2010.07.011.

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Mikolaizak, A. Stefanie, Lynn Rochester, Walter Maetzler, Basil Sharrack, Heleen Demeyer, Claudia Mazzà, Brian Caulfield, et al. "Connecting real-world digital mobility assessment to clinical outcomes for regulatory and clinical endorsement–the Mobilise-D study protocol." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 6, 2022): e0269615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269615.

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Background The development of optimal strategies to treat impaired mobility related to ageing and chronic disease requires better ways to detect and measure it. Digital health technology, including body worn sensors, has the potential to directly and accurately capture real-world mobility. Mobilise-D consists of 34 partners from 13 countries who are working together to jointly develop and implement a digital mobility assessment solution to demonstrate that real-world digital mobility outcomes have the potential to provide a better, safer, and quicker way to assess, monitor, and predict the efficacy of new interventions on impaired mobility. The overarching objective of the study is to establish the clinical validity of digital outcomes in patient populations impacted by mobility challenges, and to support engagement with regulatory and health technology agencies towards acceptance of digital mobility assessment in regulatory and health technology assessment decisions. Methods/design The Mobilise-D clinical validation study is a longitudinal observational cohort study that will recruit 2400 participants from four clinical cohorts. The populations of the Innovative Medicine Initiative-Joint Undertaking represent neurodegenerative conditions (Parkinson’s Disease), respiratory disease (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), neuro-inflammatory disorder (Multiple Sclerosis), fall-related injuries, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and frailty (Proximal Femoral Fracture). In total, 17 clinical sites in ten countries will recruit participants who will be evaluated every six months over a period of two years. A wide range of core and cohort specific outcome measures will be collected, spanning patient-reported, observer-reported, and clinician-reported outcomes as well as performance-based outcomes (physical measures and cognitive/mental measures). Daily-living mobility and physical capacity will be assessed directly using a wearable device. These four clinical cohorts were chosen to obtain generalizable clinical findings, including diverse clinical, cultural, geographical, and age representation. The disease cohorts include a broad and heterogeneous range of subject characteristics with varying chronic care needs, and represent different trajectories of mobility disability. Discussion The results of Mobilise-D will provide longitudinal data on the use of digital mobility outcomes to identify, stratify, and monitor disability. This will support the development of widespread, cost-effective access to optimal clinical mobility management through personalised healthcare. Further, Mobilise-D will provide evidence-based, direct measures which can be endorsed by regulatory agencies and health technology assessment bodies to quantify the impact of disease-modifying interventions on mobility. Trial registration ISRCTN12051706.

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Bach, Christina, and Breanna Hetland. "A Step Forward for Intensive Care Unit Patients: Early Mobility Interventions and Associated Outcome Measures." Critical Care Nurse 42, no. 6 (December 1, 2022): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2022459.

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Background Critical illness survivors have impairments across physical, psychological, and cognitive health domains known as post–intensive care syndrome. Although physical activity can improve outcomes across all health domains, most intensive care unit early mobility studies focus solely on physical outcomes. Objective To explore the role of early mobility for adult patients in the intensive care unit by analyzing early mobility intervention studies with physical, psychological, or cognitive outcome measures. Methods This integrative review used Whittemore and Knafl’s methodology and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases were searched for primary research articles published from 2005 through 2021 on adult intensive care unit early mobility interventions evaluated by physical, cognitive, or psychological outcome measures during or after intervention delivery. Interventions comprising only passive mobility were excluded. Results Of 1009 articles screened, 20 were included. Variations in outcome measures, measurement timing, instruments, and control groups made synthesis difficult. No study evaluated an intervention using outcome measures from all 3 health domains. Five studies measured physical and cognitive outcomes; 6 studies measured physical and psychological outcomes. Conclusion Early mobility is primarily addressed objectively and unidimensionally, limiting understanding of the implications of early mobility for patients. Post–intensive care syndrome prevention begins in the intensive care unit; early mobility is a promising intervention for targeting multiple risk factors. Studies that measure outcomes in all health domains during or after early mobility are needed to better evaluate the comprehensive effects of early mobility.

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Rochester, Lynn, Claudia Mazzà, Arne Mueller, Brian Caulfield, Marie McCarthy, Clemens Becker, Ram Miller, et al. "A Roadmap to Inform Development, Validation and Approval of Digital Mobility Outcomes: The Mobilise-D Approach." Digital Biomarkers 4, no. 1 (November 26, 2020): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000512513.

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Health care has had to adapt rapidly to COVID-19, and this in turn has highlighted a pressing need for tools to facilitate remote visits and monitoring. Digital health technology, including body-worn devices, offers a solution using digital outcomes to measure and monitor disease status and provide outcomes meaningful to both patients and health care professionals. Remote monitoring of physical mobility is a prime example, because mobility is among the most advanced modalities that can be assessed digitally and remotely. Loss of mobility is also an important feature of many health conditions, providing a read-out of health as well as a target for intervention. Real-world, continuous digital measures of mobility (digital mobility outcomes or DMOs) provide an opportunity for novel insights into health care conditions complementing existing mobility measures. Accepted and approved DMOs are not yet widely available. The need for large collaborative efforts to tackle the critical steps to adoption is widely recognised. Mobilise-D is an example. It is a multidisciplinary consortium of 34 institutions from academia and industry funded through the European Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking. Members of Mobilise-D are collaborating to address the critical steps for DMOs to be adopted in clinical trials and ultimately health care. To achieve this, the consortium has developed a roadmap to inform the development, validation and approval of DMOs in Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and recovery from proximal femoral fracture. Here we aim to describe the proposed approach and provide a high-level view of the ongoing and planned work of the Mobilise-D consortium. Ultimately, Mobilise-D aims to stimulate widespread adoption of DMOs through the provision of device agnostic software, standards and robust validation in order to bring digital outcomes from concept to use in clinical trials and health care.

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Bekteshi, Saranda, Marco Konings, Ioana Gabriela Nica, Sotirios Gakopoulos, Inti Vanmechelen, Jean-Marie Aerts, Hans Hallez, and Elegast Monbaliu. "Development of the Dyskinesia Impairment Mobility Scale to Measure Presence and Severity of Dystonia and Choreoathetosis during Powered Mobility in Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy." Applied Sciences 9, no. 17 (August 23, 2019): 3481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9173481.

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The majority of individuals with dyskinetic cerebral palsy cannot use powered mobility with a joystick, due to the lack of manual abilities by the severe presence of dystonia and choreoathetosis. Reliable measurements of these movement disorders is indispensable for good evaluation towards evidence–based insights during powered mobility. This study aimed to develop and assess the Dyskinesia Impairment Mobility Scale (DIMS), a video–based tool to measure presence and severity of dystonia and choreoathetosis during powered mobility. DIMS was measured for the neck and arms region during five mobility tasks. Interrater reliability, test–retest reliability, internal consistency and concurrent validity of the DIMS were assessed. Interrater reliability coefficients ranged between 0.68 and 0.87 for the total DIMS, and the dystonia and choreoathetosis subscales. Test–retest reliability was moderate to excellent (range 0.51–0.93) while Cronbach’s alpha was good (range 0.69–0.81) for the total scale and subscale scores. Concurrent validity showed during mobility tasks significant correlations with rest postures in the arm region, and with requested but voluntary activity in the neck region. The DIMS reliably measures the presence and severity of the movement disorders during powered mobility, increasing insights into the underlying mechanisms of independent mobility. This scale may therefore be a promising tool to evaluate mobility training.

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Brand, Daniel. "Applying Benefit/Cost Analysis To Identify and Measure the Benefits of Intelligent Transportation Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1651, no. 1 (January 1998): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1651-04.

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The guidance provided by benefit/cost analysis (BCA) is used to identify the measures appropriate for assessing the benefits of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) investments using BCA. Proper recognition of how ITS differs from conventional transportation improvements can avoid expensive data collection, serious underestimates of the benefits of ITS, and mistakes in our planning and investment policies. The steps in BCA are described, including its strict rules governing the inclusion of benefit measures. An ITS causal model chain is presented that links the five traditional ITS goals (efficiency, mobility, safety, productivity, and energy/environment). The model chain varies from the conventional planning model because the ITS mobility and productivity benefit measures do not vary directly with its safety, energy, and environmental impacts. Recommendations are given for avoiding double counting ITS mobility and productivity benefits, and for identifying them correctly. Errors in valuing the mobility benefit using observed data on travel and ITS product and service buying behavior are described, as is the potential for serious underestimates of ITS mobility benefits from using observed or predicted travel time savings as the primary mobility benefit measure. Instead, direct measurement and valuation of the ITS mobility benefit using customer satisfaction (stated preference) survey methods avoid the problems of ( a) how exactly to measure the utility-generating features of ITS user benefits, and ( b) observing the behavioral responses to ITS information, which involve expensive data collection. Measuring customer satisfaction directly can also simplify other areas of ITS evaluation, including avoiding traditional transportation modeling in some instances.

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Modai-Snir, Tal, and Pnina Plaut. "The analysis of residential sorting trends: Measuring disparities in socio-spatial mobility." Urban Studies 56, no. 2 (November 27, 2018): 288–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018798759.

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Ethnic and socioeconomic segregation levels vary over time and so do the spatial levels of these segregations. Although a large body of research has focused on how residential mobility patterns produce segregation, little is known about how changing mobility patterns translate into temporal and scale variations in sorting. This article develops a methodological framework designed to explore how changing mobility patterns reflect such trends. It introduces a measure of sorting that reflects the extent of disparities among groups in their socio-spatial mobility. Trends in the direction and the extent of sorting can be exposed by computing sorting measures over consecutive periods. The measure is broken down to capture the relative contributions of residential mobility to sorting at hierarchically nested geographical units, for example cities and their constituent neighbourhoods. An empirical demonstration shows that changes in residential mobility patterns affect the magnitude and spatial level of residential sorting, which vary even over the short term.

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Harvey, L., A. Byak, M. Ostrovskaya, and J. Glinsky. "Reliability of a device designed to measure ankle mobility." Spinal Cord 41, no. 10 (September 23, 2003): 559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.sc.3101486.

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Peters, Reiner. "Fluorescence microphotolysis to measure nucleocytoplasmic transport and intracellular mobility." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes 864, no. 3-4 (December 1986): 305–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4157(86)90003-1.

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Gaunaurd, Ignacio, Susan E. Spaulding, Dagmar Amtmann, Rana Salem, Robert Gailey, Sara J. Morgan, and Brian J. Hafner. "Use of and confidence in administering outcome measures among clinical prosthetists: Results from a national survey and mixed-methods training program." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 39, no. 4 (May 14, 2014): 314–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364614532865.

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Background: Outcome measures can be used in prosthetic practices to evaluate interventions, inform decision making, monitor progress, document outcomes, and justify services. Strategies to enhance prosthetists’ ability to use outcome measures are needed to facilitate their adoption in routine practice. Objective: To assess prosthetists’ use of outcome measures and evaluate the effects of training on their confidence in administering performance-based measures. Study design: Cross-sectional and single-group pretest–posttest survey. Methods: Seventy-nine certified prosthetists (mean of 16.0 years of clinical experience) were surveyed about their experiences with 20 standardized outcome measures. Prosthetists were formally trained by the investigators to administer the Timed Up and Go and Amputee Mobility Predictor. Prosthetists’ confidence in administering the Timed Up and Go and Amputee Mobility Predictor was measured before and after training. Results: The majority of prosthetists (62%) were classified as non-routine outcome measure users. Confidence administering the Timed Up and Go and Amputee Mobility Predictor prior to training was low-to-moderate across the study sample. Training significantly (p < 0.0001) improved prosthetists’ confidence in administering both instruments. Conclusion: Prosthetists in this study reported limited use of and confidence with standardized outcome measures. Interactive training resulted in a statistically significant increase of prosthetists’ confidence in administering the Timed Up and Go and Amputee Mobility Predictor and may facilitate use of outcome measures in clinical practice. Clinical relevance Frequency of outcome measure use in the care of persons with limb loss has not been studied. Study results suggest that prosthetists may not regularly use standardized outcome measures and report limited confidence in administering them. Training enhances confidence and may encourage use of outcome measures in clinical practice.

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Penger, Susanne, and Frank Oswald. "A New Measure of Mobility-Related Behavioral Flexibility and Routines in Old Age." GeroPsych 30, no. 4 (December 2017): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000176.

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Abstract. Although daily out-of-home mobility is crucial for well-being in later life, the psychological determinants thereof are not yet fully understood. This study describes attitudes toward daily out-of-home mobility from a person-environment interaction perspective and develops an instrument to measure mobility-related behavioral flexibility and routines in old age. Data were drawn from 265 older adults (aged 65–99). An examination of the factorial structure using exploratory factor analysis revealed three main mobility-related factors: behavioral flexibility with regard to environmental challenges, behavioral flexibility with regard to personal challenges, and a preference for routines. The instrument demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and factorial validity. The study contributes toward a better understanding of the motivational aspects of daily out-of-home mobility in later life.

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Ramiro, Sofia, Astrid van Tubergen, Carmen Stolwijk, Désirée van der Heijde, Patrick Royston, and Robert Landewé. "Reference intervals of spinal mobility measures in normal individuals: the mobility study." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 74, no. 6 (March 24, 2014): 1218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204953.

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ObjectivesTo establish reference intervals (RIs) for spinal mobility measures as recommended for patients with axial spondyloarthritis, and to determine the effect of age, height and gender on spinal mobility, in normal individuals.MethodsA cross-sectional study (MOBILITY) was conducted among normal individuals aged 20–69 years. Recruitment was stratified by gender, age (10-year categories) and height (10 cm categories). Eleven spinal mobility measures were assessed. Age specific RIs and percentiles were derived for each measure.Results393 volunteers were included. All spinal mobility measures decreased with increasing age. Therefore, age specific RIs were developed. The 95% RIs (2.5th and 97.5th percentiles), as well as the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles for each spinal mobility measure and different ages are presented. Mobility percentile curves were also plotted for each of the measures. For instance, the 95% RI for lateral spinal flexion was 16.2–28.0 cm for a 25-year-old subject, 13.2–25.0 cm for a 45-year-old subject and 10.1–21.9 cm for a 65-year-old subject. After adjustment for age, there was no need for gender specific RIs, while RIs of some measures are height-adjusted.ConclusionsAge specific RIs and percentiles were derived for each of the spinal mobility measures for normal individuals. These may guide clinicians when assessing the mobility of patients with axial spondyloarthritis. The RIs may serve as cut-off levels for ‘normal’ versus ‘abnormal’, whereas the mobility percentile curves may be used to assess the level of mobility of patients with axial spondyloarthritis.

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Fieo, Robert A., Erik L. Mortensen, Taina Rantanen, and Kirsten Avlund. "Improving a Measure of Mobility-Related Fatigue (The Mobility-Tiredness Scale) by Establishing Item Intensity." Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 61, no. 3 (March 2013): 429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgs.12122.

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Chetty, Raj, Nathaniel Hendren, Patrick Kline, Emmanuel Saez, and Nicholas Turner. "Is the United States Still a Land of Opportunity? Recent Trends in Intergenerational Mobility." American Economic Review 104, no. 5 (May 1, 2014): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.5.141.

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We present new evidence on trends in intergenerational mobility in the United States using administrative earnings records. We find that percentile rank-based measures of intergenerational mobility have remained extremely stable for the 1971-1993 birth cohorts. For children born between 1971 and 1986, we measure intergenerational mobility based on the correlation between parent and child income percentile ranks. For more recent cohorts, we measure mobility as the correlation between a child's probability of attending college and her parents' income rank. We also calculate transition probabilities, such as a child's chances of reaching the top quintile of the income distribution starting from the bottom quintile. Based on all of these measures, we find that children entering the labor market today have the same chances of moving up in the income distribution (relative to their parents) as children born in the 1970s. However, because inequality has risen, the consequences of the “birth lottery” - the parents to whom a child is born - are larger today than in the past.

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Torche, Florencia, and Alejandro Corvalan. "Estimating Intergenerational Mobility With Grouped Data." Sociological Methods & Research 47, no. 4 (September 1, 2016): 787–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049124116661579.

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This article distinguishes three measures of intergenerational economic mobility that emerge when the population is divided into groups: overall individual mobility, within-group mobility, and between-group mobility. We clarify their properties and the relationship between them. We then evaluate Clark’s use of surname between-group persistence as a preferred measure of intergenerational mobility in the book The Son Also Rises: Surnames and the History of Social Mobility. We show that aggregate surname-level intergenerational persistence cannot be compared with individual persistence because group-level income averages captures diverse individual-level and group-level factors impossible to disentangle without additional identifying information. Furthermore, measures of group persistence do not address the problem of measurement error leading to attenuation bias, which is Clark’s rationale to study surname mobility. An empirical example partitioning the population into groups based on racial/ethnic origins and a simulation clarify the relationship between these different measures of mobility.

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Xia, Yi, and Paul H. Steen. "Moving contact-line mobility measured." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 841 (March 1, 2018): 767–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.105.

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Contact-line mobility characterizes how fast a liquid can wet or unwet a solid support by relating the contact angle $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ to the contact-line speed $U_{CL}$. The contact angle changes dynamically with contact-line speeds during rapid movement of liquid across a solid. Speeds beyond the region of stick–slip are the focus of this experimental paper. For these speeds, liquid inertia and surface tension compete while damping is weak. The mobility parameter $M$ is defined empirically as the proportionality, when it exists, between $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ and $U_{CL}$, $M\unicode[STIX]{x0394}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}=U_{CL}$. We discover that $M$ exists and measure it. The experimental approach is to drive the contact line of a sessile drop by a plane-normal oscillation of the drop’s support. Contact angles, displacements and speeds of the contact line are measured. To unmask the mobility away from stick–slip, the diagram of $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ against $U_{CL}$, the traditional diagram, is remapped to a new diagram by rescaling with displacement. This new diagram reveals a regime where $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ is proportional to $U_{CL}$ and the slope yields the mobility $M$. The experimental approach reported introduces the cyclically dynamic contact angle goniometer. The concept and method of the goniometer are illustrated with data mappings for water on a low-hysteresis non-wetting substrate.

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McDonald, Kate. "Imperial Mobility." Transfers 4, no. 3 (December 1, 2014): 68–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2014.040306.

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Histories of modern mobility often assume that modern forms of movement arrived in East Asia as part of a universal process of historical development. This article shows that the valorization of modern mobility in East Asia emerged out of the specific context of Euro-American imperial encroachment and Japanese imperial expansion. Through an examination of the tropes of opening and connecting, the article argues that the mobility of the modern can be understood as an “imperial” mobility in two senses: one, as a key component in European, American, and Japanese arguments for the legitimacy of empire; and two, as a global theory of history that constituted circulation as a measure of historical difference.

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Stijepic, Damir. "Job Mobility and Sorting." Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 240, no. 1 (January 28, 2020): 19–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbnst-2018-0047.

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AbstractMotivated by the canonical (random) on-the-job search model, I measure a person’s ability to sort into higher ranked jobs by the risk ratio of job-to-job transitions to transitions into unemployment. I show that this measure possesses various desirable features. Making use of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), I study the relation between human capital and the risk ratio of job-to-job transitions to transitions into unemployment. Formal education tends to be positively associated with this risk ratio. General experience and occupational tenure have a pronounced negative correlation with both job-to-job transitions and transitions into unemployment, leaving the risk ratio, however, mostly unaffected. In contrast, the estimates suggest that human-capital concepts that take into account the multidimensionality of skills, e.g. versatility, play a prominent role.

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Jain, Tarun, Diva Dhar, Vrinda Kapoor, Vrinda Kapur, and Anita Raj. "Measuring gender attitudes: Developing and testing Implicit Association Tests for adolescents in India." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (June 16, 2022): e0264077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264077.

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We develop and test gender attitude measures conducted with a school-based sample of adolescents aged 14–17 years in India. We test a measure with survey items and vignettes to capture gender-based value and stereotypes, an Implicit Association Test (IAT) capturing gender-based value, and an IAT capturing gender stereotype. All demonstrate good internal reliability, and both IATs are significantly associated with our survey measure suggesting criterion validity, though not confirming it due to the lack of a gold standard measure on gender attitudes. Finally, construct validity is indicated from the measures’ positive significant associations with higher girls’ mobility and education. The gender-related IAT tools developed are consistent and valid, and modestly correlated with gender-related behavior outcomes such as mobility and school enrolment.

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Atkins, Amy, John Cannell, and Christopher Barr. "Pedometers alone do not increase mobility in inpatient rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial." Clinical Rehabilitation 33, no. 8 (April 8, 2019): 1382–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215519838312.

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Objective: To test if pedometers, as a motivational tool, could affect mobility outcomes in inpatient rehabilitation. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting: Subacute hospital rehabilitation unit in Australia. Participants: A total of 78 participants with reduced mobility and clinician-determined capacity to improve. Interventions: Both groups received usual care. For the intervention group, a pedometer was worn on the hip with the step count visible to participant and recorded daily on an exercise log. For the control group, a pedometer fixed shut was worn on the hip and they recorded estimated distances walked on an exercise log. Main measures: Primary outcome was functional mobility – De Morton Mobility Index. Secondary outcome measures were walking velocity, functional independence measure, time spent upright and daily step count. Results: Significant improvements over time ( P < 0.001) in functional mobility, comfortable walking velocity and functional independence measure were not influenced by the intervention. The daily average upright time (hours) in the first week of intervention was different ( P = 0.004) between the intervention group (median, interquartile range (IQR): 1.67, 1.77) compared to the control group (median, IQR: 1.12, 0.82). Conclusion: Pedometers as a motivational tool without targets do not improve functional mobility in this population. Pedometers may improve daily upright time in this setting.

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Fongen, Camilla, Hanne Dagfinrud, Inger Jorid Berg, Sofia Ramiro, Floris van Gaalen, Robert Landewé, Roberta Ramonda, Désirée van der Heijde, and Karen Minde Fagerli. "Frequency of Impaired Spinal Mobility in Patients with Chronic Back Pain Compared to Patients with Early Axial Spondyloarthritis." Journal of Rheumatology 45, no. 12 (July 1, 2018): 1643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.170786.

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Objective.To examine the frequency of impaired spinal mobility in patients with chronic back pain of short duration and to compare it with the frequency of impaired spinal mobility in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), possible SpA, and no SpA.Methods.The SpondyloArthritis Caught Early (SPACE) cohort includes patients with chronic back pain (≥ 3 mos, ≤ 2 yrs, onset < 45 yrs). Spinal mobility was assessed with lateral spinal flexion, chest expansion, cervical rotation, occiput-to-wall distance, and lumbar flexion. Hip mobility was assessed with intermalleolar distance. Mobility measures were defined as impaired if below the 5th percentile reference curve from general population, adjusted for age and height when appropriate. Proportions of patients categorized with impaired mobility were examined with chi square.Results.In total, 393 patients with chronic back pain were included: 142 axSpA, 140 possible SpA, and 111 no SpA. Impairment in ≥ 1 mobility measure was present in 66% of all patients. The most frequently impaired mobility measure was lateral spinal flexion (40%), followed by chest expansion (22%), cervical rotation (18%), intermalleolar distance (17%), lumbar flexion (15%), and occiput-to-wall distance (11%). No statistically significant differences in proportion of patients with impaired spinal mobility were found between patients with axSpA and the other subgroups in any of the tests.Conclusion.Two out of 3 patients with chronic back pain of short duration had impaired spinal mobility compared to the general population. Impaired spinal mobility occurs as often in patients with early axSpA as in other forms of chronic back pain.

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Swan, Lawton K., John R. Chambers, Martin Heesacker, and Sondre S. Nero. "How should we measure Americans’ perceptions of socio-economic mobility?" Judgment and Decision Making 12, no. 5 (September 2017): 507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500006525.

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AbstractSeveral scholars have suggested that Americans’ (distorted) beliefs about the rate of upward social mobility in the United States may affect political judgment and decision-making outcomes. In this article, we consider the psychometric properties of two different questionnaire items that researchers have used to measure these subjective perceptions. Namely, we report the results of a new set of experiments (N = 2,167 U.S. MTurkers) in which we compared the question wording employed by Chambers, Swan and Heesacker (2015) with the question wording employed by Davidai and Gilovich (2015). Each (independent) research team had prompted similar groups of respondents to estimate the percentage of Americans born into the bottom of the income distribution who improved their socio-economic standing by adulthood, yet the two teams reached ostensibly irreconcilable conclusions: that Americans tend to underestimate (Chambers et al.) and overestimate (Davidai & Gilovich) the true rate of upward social mobility in the U.S. First, we successfully reproduced both contradictory results. Next, we isolated and experimentally manipulated one salient difference between the two questions’ response-option formats: asking participants to divide the population into either (a) “thirds” (tertiles) or (b) “20%” segments (quintiles). Inverting this tertile-quintile factor significantly altered both teams’ findings, suggesting that these measures are inappropriate (too vulnerable to question-wording and item-formulation artifacts) for use in studies of perceptual (in)accuracy. Finally, we piloted a new question for measuring subjective perceptions of social mobility. We conclude with tentative recommendations for researchers who wish to model the causes and consequences of Americans’ mobility-related beliefs.

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Meppelink, Johan, Jens Van Langen, Arno Siebes, and Marco Spruit. "Beware Thy Bias: Scaling Mobile Phone Data to Measure Traffic Intensities." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (May 1, 2020): 3631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093631.

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Mobile phone data are a novel data source to generate mobility information from Call Detail Records (CDRs). Although mobile phone data can provide us with valuable insights in human mobility, they often show a biased picture of the traveling population. This research, therefore, focuses on correcting for these biases and suggests a new method to scale mobile phone data to the true traveling population. Moreover, the scaled mobile phone data will be compared to roadside measurements at 100 different locations on Dutch highways. We infer vehicle trips from the mobile phone data and compare the scaled counts with roadside measurements. The results are evaluated for October 2015. The proposed scaling method shows very promising results with near identical vehicle counts from both data sources in terms of monthly, weekly, and hourly vehicle counts. This indicates the scaling method, in combination with mobile phone data, is able to correctly measure traffic intensities on highways, and thereby able to anticipate calibrated human mobility behaviour. Nevertheless, there are still some discrepancies—for one, during weekends—calling for more research. This paper serves researchers in the field of mobile phone data by providing a proven method to scale the sample to the population, a crucial step in creating unbiased mobility information.

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Deom, Caitlin E., Julia Carpenter, Andrew J. Bodine, Sally M. Taylor, Allen W. Heinemann, Richard L. Lieber, and James A. Sliwa. "A Mobility Measure for Inpatient Rehabilitation Using Multigroup, Multidimensional Methods." Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy 45, no. 2 (February 24, 2021): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/npt.0000000000000354.

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CUESTA, JOSE, HUGO ÑOPO, and GEORGINA PIZZOLITTO. "USING PSEUDO-PANELS TO MEASURE INCOME MOBILITY IN LATIN AMERICA." Review of Income and Wealth 57, no. 2 (March 29, 2011): 224–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.2011.00444.x.

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Margiotta, Richard, Douglas McLeod, and Tyrone Scorsone. "Development of a Mobility-Based Service Measure for Freeway Facilities." Transportation Research Procedia 15 (2016): 438–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2016.06.037.

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Hafner, Brian J., Sara J. Morgan, Daniel C. Abrahamson, and Dagmar Amtmann. "Characterizing mobility from the prosthetic limb user’s perspective: Use of focus groups to guide development of the Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 40, no. 5 (July 10, 2016): 582–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364615579315.

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Background: Input from target respondents in the development of patient-reported outcome measures is necessary to ensure that the instrument is meaningful. Objectives: To solicit perspectives of prosthetic limb users about their mobility experiences and to inform development of the Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility. Study design: Qualitative study. Methods: Four focus groups of lower limb prosthesis users were held in different regions of the United States. Focus group transcripts were coded, and themes were identified. Feedback from participants was used to develop a framework for measuring mobility with a lower limb prosthesis. Results: Focus group participants ( N = 37) described mobility as a confluence of factors that included characteristics of the individual, activity, and environment. Identified themes were defined as individual characteristics, forms of movement, and environmental situations. Prosthetic mobility was conceptualized as movement activities performed in an environmental or situational context. Conclusion: Respondent feedback used to guide development of Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility established a foundation for a new person-centered measure of mobility with a prosthetic limb. Clinical relevance Perspectives of target respondents are needed to guide development of instruments intended to measure health outcomes. Focus groups of prosthetic limb users were conducted to solicit experiences related to mobility with a lower limb prosthesis. Results were used to inform development of a clinically meaningful, person-centered instrument.

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Norvell, Daniel C., Rhonda M. Williams, Aaron P. Turner, and Joseph M. Czerniecki. "The development and validation of a novel outcome measure to quantify mobility in the dysvascular lower extremity amputee: the amputee single item mobility measure." Clinical Rehabilitation 30, no. 9 (August 4, 2016): 878–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215516644308.

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Thomson, Robert, Masaki Yuki, Thomas Talhelm, Joanna Schug, Mie Kito, Arin H. Ayanian, Julia C. Becker, et al. "Relational mobility predicts social behaviors in 39 countries and is tied to historical farming and threat." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 29 (June 29, 2018): 7521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1713191115.

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Biologists and social scientists have long tried to understand why some societies have more fluid and open interpersonal relationships and how those differences influence culture. This study measures relational mobility, a socioecological variable quantifying voluntary (high relational mobility) vs. fixed (low relational mobility) interpersonal relationships. We measure relational mobility in 39 societies and test whether it predicts social behavior. People in societies with higher relational mobility report more proactive interpersonal behaviors (e.g., self-disclosure and social support) and psychological tendencies that help them build and retain relationships (e.g., general trust, intimacy, self-esteem). Finally, we explore ecological factors that could explain relational mobility differences across societies. Relational mobility was lower in societies that practiced settled, interdependent subsistence styles, such as rice farming, and in societies that had stronger ecological and historical threats.

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Dowlah, Caf. "Cross-border labor mobility." Journal of International Trade Law and Policy 13, no. 1 (March 11, 2014): 2–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jitlp-12-2012-0020.

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Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to examine convergence of economic interests – both empirically and theoretically – among labor-abundant (labor-sending) and labor scarce (labor receiving) countries, in the context of Mode 4 of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) of the WTO. The paper also explores regional trade associations as an interim alternative forum for promoting temporary cross-border labor mobility in the backdrop of failure of multilateral trade negotiations under the Doha Round. Design/methodology/approach – The research methodology of the paper involves literature review, an analysis of databases and theoretical findings, and a critical examination of pertinent empirical and secondary information on the subject matter. Findings – The findings reveal that although a convergence of economic interests seem to exist between the labor-sending and receiving countries for promoting cross-border labor mobility, this sector faces formidable trade and non-trade barriers across the world, especially in the developed countries. As multilateral trade negotiations under the Doha Round have failed to make any progress toward liberalization of this sector, regional trade associations, especially those pursued by the USA, Canada and Australia, seem to provide a credible alternative vehicle, as an interim measure, for further liberalization of this sector. These RTAs can serve as examples for other RTAs to promote regional mobility of labor. Research limitations/implications – Cross-border temporary labor mobility, as envisaged by GATs of the WTO, is a burgeoning field. Although some serious works are available, especially sponsored by the World Bank and some leading universities, there is a considerable dearth in this field, especially in respect to contribution from individual scholars and researchers. This paper fills the void to some extent by ascertaining factors and forces that help or hinder cross-border mobility, by pointing out limitations of multilateral trade negotiations under the WTO, and by exploring the regional trade associations as an interim measure for promoting cross-border labor mobility. Practical implications – This paper points out factors and forces that help or hinder cross-border mobility, ascertains crucial limitations of multilateral trade negotiations under the WTO, and explores the RTAs as an interim measure for promoting cross-border labor mobility – all these would have practical policy implications. Originality/value – The originality of the paper lies with its critical and careful review of existing literature and available databases, with the determination of factors and forces that help or hinder cross-border mobility in the contemporary world, in pointing out the limitations of multilateral trade negotiations under the WTO, and in exploring the RTAs as an interim measure for promoting cross-border labor mobility.

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Falk, Carl F., Steven J. Heine, Masaki Yuki, and Kosuke Takemura. "Why do Westerners self‐enhance more than East Asians?" European Journal of Personality 23, no. 3 (May 2009): 183–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.715.

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Much research finds that Westerners self‐enhance more than East Asians, with the exception of studies using the implicit associations test for self‐esteem (IATSE). We contrasted Japanese and Canadians on a new measure of self‐enhancement under low‐ and high‐attentional load to assess whether cultural differences vary across controlled and automatic processes. Participants also completed measures of relational mobility and the IATSE. Results indicated that Japanese and Asian‐Canadians were more self‐critical than Euro‐Canadians, both under high‐ and low‐attentional load. This cultural difference was partially mediated by relational mobility. The IATSE showed no cultural differences, but this measure did not positively correlate with any of the other measures in the study, suggesting that it is not a valid measure of ‘true’ self‐feelings. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Torche, Florencia. "Intergenerational Mobility and Equality of Opportunity." European Journal of Sociology 56, no. 3 (December 2015): 343–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975615000181.

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AbstractIntergenerational mobility—the association between parents’ and adult children’s economic wellbeing—is an important sociological concept because it provides information about inequality of opportunity in society, and it has gained relevance in the recent past due to the increase economic inequality in most of the affluent world. This article provides an overview of the different measures of mobility used by sociologists and economists, as well as main empirical findings about mobility. I then move to topics that push mobility analysis beyond its bivariate focus: The association between intergenerational mobility and economic inequality, the mechanisms for mobility, and the validity of mobility as a measure of inequality of opportunity. I suggest that the association between mobility and inequality is likely spurious, driven by varying institutional arrangements across countries, and that mobility analysis is most useful when focused on describing the bivariate intergenerational association across countries and over time.

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Alm, Susanne. "Downward Social Mobility across Generations: The Role of Parental Mobility and Education." Sociological Research Online 16, no. 3 (August 2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.2416.

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Intergenerational downward social mobility is an issue of growing relevance, but there are still very few studies examining possible risk factors for dropping down the occupational hierarchy. On the basis of unique longitudinal interview and register data from Sweden, this study analyses the roles played by parental upward mobility and parental levels of education in downward mobility. Elements from cultural capital theory (CCT) are investigated as possible mechanisms for explaining the relationship between independent and dependent factors. Whereas the study fails to find support for the role of parental mobility, the parents' level of education turns out to be a powerful predictor of downward mobility. And whereas the measure of cultural capital presents a weak or non-existent relationship with the dependent variable, two attitudinal variables, employed as indicators of habitus and a possible don Quixote effect, do present a significant relationship with the risk for downward mobility. However, while the study hypothesized these attitudes to be mediating mechanisms that might explain the relationship between parental educational level and downward mobility, in the multivariate analyses the attitudinal measures instead turn out to have an independent effect in addition to the parental level of education.

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Macri, E. M., J. A. Lewis, K. M. Khan, M. C. Ashe, and N. A. de Morton. "The de Morton Mobility Index: Normative Data for a Clinically Useful Mobility Instrument." Journal of Aging Research 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/353252.

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Determining mobility status is an important component of any health assessment for older adults. In order for a mobility measure to be relevant and meaningful, normative data are required for comparison to a healthy reference population. The DEMMI is the first mobility instrument to measure mobility across the spectrum from bed bound to functional levels of independent mobility. In this cross-sectional observational study, normative data were obtained for the DEMMI from a population of 183 healthy, community-dwelling adults age 60+ who resided in Vancouver, Canada and Melbourne, Australia. Older age categories had significantly lower DEMMI mobility mean scores (P<0.05), as did individuals who walked with a mobility aid or lived in semi-independent living (assisted living or retirement village), whereas DEMMI scores did not differ by sex (P=0.49) or reported falls history (P=0.21). Normative data for the DEMMI mobility instrument provides vital reference scores to facilitate its use across the mobility spectrum in clinical, research, and policymaking settings.

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Victor Christian, Axel. "Unified Social Control Through International Law For Mobility During Covid-19 Pandemic." Technium Social Sciences Journal 27 (January 8, 2022): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v27i1.5376.

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States takes measure during Covid-19 Pandemic. Those measures are not unified under the same standard thus limiting mobility. With the vaccine then available the measures and standards states take becomes more complicated and not unified. There needs to be a unified measure which is a unified social control through international law by analysing whether social control is permissible under international law. A unified social control for measures that effect the mobility will unify standards. It is permissible considering the states behaviour under the current Covid-19 Pandemic. Unified control through international should be done in a treaty or convention. Diplomacy for the success of the treaty then should be done through track two model of diplomacy which will provide freedom to the states in raising their wills and concern on the respective treaty.

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Wang, Ching-Yi, Ming-Hsia Hu, Hui-Ya Chen, and Ren-Hau Li. "Self-Reported Mobility and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: Test–Retest Reliability and Criterion Validity." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 20, no. 2 (April 2012): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.20.2.186.

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To determine the test–retest reliability and criterion validity of self-reported function in mobility and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in older adults, a convenience sample of 70 subjects (72.9 ± 6.6 yr, 34 male) was split into able and disabled groups based on baseline assessment and into consistently able, consistently disabled, and inconsistent based on repeat assessments over 2 weeks. The criterion validities of the self-reported measures of mobility domain and IADL-physical subdomain were assessed with concurrent baseline measures of 4 mobility performances, and that of the self-reported measure of IADL-cognitive subdomain, with the Mini-Mental State Examination. Test–retest reliability was moderate for the mobility, IADL-physical, and IADL-cognitive subdomains (κ = .51–.66). Those who reported being able at baseline also performed better on physical- and cognitive-performance tests. Those with variable performance between test occasions tended to report inconsistently on repeat measures in mobility and IADL-cognitive, suggesting fluctuations in physical and cognitive performance.

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Raya, Michele A., Robert S. Gailey, Ignacio A. Gaunaurd, Heather Ganyard, Justin Knapp-Wood, Karrie McDonough, and Tiffany Palmisano. "Amputee Mobility Predictor-Bilateral: A performance-based measure of mobility for people with bilateral lower-limb loss." Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development 50, no. 7 (2013): 961–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/jrrd.2012.05.0097.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mobility Measure'

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