To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Mobilité pastorale.
Journal articles on the topic 'Mobilité pastorale'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Mobilité pastorale.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Gaci, Dihia, Johann Huguenin, Mohamed Kanoun, Jean-Pierre Boutonnet, and Hacène Abdelkrim. "Nouvelles mobilités pastorales : cas des éleveurs d’ovins de la wilaya de Djelfa, Algérie." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 74, no. 1 (2021): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.36324.
Full textAbstract:
Les évolutions socioéconomique, démographique, politique et climatique que la steppe algérienne a connues au cours des dernières décennies ont induit de profondes transformations au niveau des pratiques d’élevage, tout particulièrement en matière de mobilités pastorales. Cette étude décrit de nouvelles pratiques de mobilité adoptées actuellement par des éleveurs de la région de Djelfa. Elle s’est basée sur 59 entretiens semi-directifs réalisés entre 2014 et 2016 auprès d’éleveurs dans différentes zones d’accueil. Nos résultats ont mis en évidence une diversité de pratiques pastorales relative à la distance parcourue durant un cycle annuel, au calendrier, à l’itinéraire de transhumance et au passage ou non par le terroir d’attache. Ces mobilités pouvaient varier d’une année à l’autre ou au cours de la vie d’un éleveur. Cette étude a montré que de nouvelles formes d’adaptation au contexte changeant de la steppe algérienne pouvaient être mises en oeuvre par les éleveurs par le moyen de nouvelles mobilités de grande distance. Nos résultats soulignent le renouvellement des formes de mobilité pastorale malgré le resserrement de l’espace et montrent que la sédentarisation n’est pas l’unique forme d’adaptation des populations pastorales aux changements.
2
Krätli, Saverio, Marie Monimart, Blamah Jalloh, Jeremy Swift, and Ced Hesse. "Accompagner la mobilité pastorale au Tchad." Afrique contemporaine 249, no. 1 (2014): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/afco.249.0069.
Full text
3
Bonnet, Bernard. "Vulnérabilité pastorale et politiques publiques de sécurisation de la mobilité pastorale au Sahel." Mondes en développement 164, no. 4 (2013): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/med.164.0071.
Full text
4
Lhoste, Philippe. "Sociétés pastorales et désertification au Sahel." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 293 (September 1, 2007): 49–59. https://doi.org/10.19182/bft2007.293.a20341.
Full textAbstract:
Au Sahel, comme dans la majorité des vastes zones sèches du monde, l'utilisation pastorale des ressources naturelles par l'élevage apparaît, souvent, comme la plus pertinente. Ces zones pastorales sont toutefois, en certains endroits, l'objet de dégradations des terres et des ressources végétales, en raison d'une surexploitation par les animaux. De plus, les conflits sont fréquents de par la pression anthropique croissante sur les ressources naturelles. Néanmoins, cette forme d'élevage extensif en zones sèches permet non seulement la survie des sociétés pastorales concernées mais il est, aussi, source de protéines (lait, viande, sang) à haute valeur biologique. Cela est le cas tant pour l'alimentation des villes ou pour l'exportation que pour nourrir ces pasteurs dans un environnement difficile. L'animal est parfois aussi source d'énergie et de fumure pour les cultures. La survie des animaux et la viabilité des sociétés pastorales dans ces milieux très contraignants résulte souvent d'une maîtrise pastorale, ancestrale mais adaptative, fondée sur un certain nombre de pratiques telles que: la mobilité spatiale des troupeaux et parfois des familles d'éleveurs (transhumances, nomadisme); l'association d'espèces d'herbivores; l'utilisation des ressources arborées et arbustives et d'apports alimentaires extérieurs en complément des herbacées pâturées? La durabilité des ressources naturelles et la viabilité des systèmes d'élevage sahéliens sont liées à un renouvellement des modes de gestion collective, qui passe par des négociations et de nouveaux modes d'organisation. (Résumé d'auteur)
5
Dumont, Aurore. "L’adaptation des sociétés pastorales de Mongolie-Intérieure au monde chinois contemporain." Cahiers d'anthropologie sociale N° 21, no. 2 (2023): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cas.021.0119.
Full textAbstract:
Cet article explore la façon dont les éleveurs mongols et toungouses vivant dans la région autonome de Mongolie-Intérieure adaptent leur mode de vie nomade à un contexte socio-économique et religieux fluctuant. Les politiques étatiques chinoises instaurées ces dernières décennies ont bouleversé l’économie traditionnelle de ces peuples qui ont mis en œuvre diverses stratégies d’adaptation afin de pérenniser leur élevage pastoral mobile. Quelles sont les logiques d’organisation qui sous-tendent ces nouvelles pratiques ? À partir de données ethnographiques récoltées entre 2008 et 2019 chez des populations pratiquant deux types d’élevage différents (élevage du renne dans la taïga et élevage mongol des « cinq museaux » dans la steppe), cette recherche montre que la persistance de la mobilité, les savoirs, les techniques et les croyances permettent de valoriser et d’entretenir une culture pastorale.
6
Diop, Amadou Tamsir. "La gestion des parcours de l'aire d'influence du forage de Tatki : relations entre données de végétation, taux d'exploitation et transhumance." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 45, no. 1 (1992): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.8962.
Full textAbstract:
Cette étude vise à acquérir une meilleure connaissance de l'utilisation des parcours en saison sèche et de la mobilité des éleveurs en Zone Sylvopastorale du Sénégal. Elle s'est déroulée d'octobre 1989 à juillet 1990 au niveau de l'aire d'influence du forage de Tatki. Dans un premier temps, ont été déterminés les relations entre le taux d'exploitation des parcours et différents paramètres du milieu (biomasse et composition floristique de la strate herbacée en fin de saison des pluies, distance au forage et type de sol). Par la suite, l'incidence de la biomasse, de la composition floristique de la végétation herbacée et du taux d'exploitation des parcours sur les déplacements des éleveurs est envisagée. En conclusion, les limites de l'étude pour l'élaboration de modèles d'utilisation des parcours et pour une meilleure connaissance de la mobilité pastorale sont définies.
7
DJOHY, G. L. "Déterminants de la mobilité pastorale et de ses dynamiques spatio-temporelles dans un contexte de changements socio-économiques et environnementaux en Afrique." Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires 12, no. 4 (2024): 208–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14285587.
Full textAbstract:
La mobilité pastorale attire de plus en plus l’attention et suscite de vives préoccupations en raison de la recrudescence des interactions conflictuelles qui y sont associées ces dernières années en Afrique. Cette synthèse analyse les déterminants de la mobilité pastorale et ses dynamiques spatio-temporelles dans un contexte de mutations socio-économiques et environnementales en Afrique. L’analyse repose sur un ensemble de 88 documents dont 43 en langue anglaise et 45 en français. Il s’agit principalement d'articles scientifiques (64), de mémoires de recherche (11) et de rapports de groupes de réflexion (13). Ces 88 documents pertinents ont été sélectionnés parmi une liste non exhaustive de 405 documents téléchargés sur les sites Science Direct, HAL Open Science, Web of Science, World Wide Science et Google Scholar. Les documents sélectionnés, couvrant la période de 2014 à 2024, portent sur l’Afrique de l’Ouest (35), l’Afrique de l’Est (22), l’Afrique du Nord (14), toute l’Afrique (6), l’Afrique centrale (5), l’Afrique subsaharienne (4), l’Afrique du Sud (1) et l’Afrique intertropicale (1). Ils évoquent plusieurs formes de mobilité, notamment celles saisonnière (95 %), quotidienne (81 %), itinérante (nomadisme: 23 %), l’émigration (18 %), d’urgence ou forcée (15 %), transfrontalière (11%), commerciale (9 %), opportuniste (8 %) et semi-nomade (5 %). Ces formes de mobilité illustrent comment les pasteurs adaptent leurs pratiques en fonction des conditions environnementales, économiques et sociales, montrant ainsi la flexibilité et la résilience de leur mode de vie. Concernant les facteurs déterminants de la mobilité, les documents rapportent principalement des facteurs environnementaux (97 %), socio-économiques (88 %), fonciers (47 %), sécuritaires (41 %), politiques et légaux (41 %), techniques et technologiques (15 %) et zootechniques (10 %). Ces facteurs interagissent pour influencer les choix des éleveurs en matière de mobilité, en réponse aux conditions environnementales et socio-économiques changeantes. Dans ce contexte, pour sécuriser la mobilité, les études suggèrent qu’elle devrait être soutenue et renforcée par des actions concertées aux niveaux local, national et international, dans le but d’améliorer la résilience des communautés pastorales et de sauvegarder leur mode de vie traditionnel. Selon les études réalisées, un accent particulier devrait être mis sur l’aménagement des espaces pastoraux, l’intégration des connaissances traditionnelles et des innovations locales et technologiques dans les politiques pastorales, le renforcement des droits fonciers pastoraux, la gestion concertée des ressources pastorales, l’accès à des informations météorologiques fiables, l’intensification de la production fourragère, la diversification des sources de revenus, la conservation et l’amélioration des races locales, le renforcement de la collaboration intercommunautaire, la reconnaissance des droits des pasteurs et l’amélioration des conditions socio-politiques. De futurs projets de recherche et de développement doivent s’orienter dans ce sens afin d’aider les pasteurs et agropasteurs à mieux sécuriser leur mobilité.
8
Mabilo, Terei Massa, Ali Brahim Bechir, Adi Mama, Koussou Mian Oundanang, Sedjro Antoine Tranquillin Affossogbe, and Luc Hippolyte Dossa. "Perceptions paysannes de la dynamique des parcours naturels et stratégies d’adaptation dans la vallée du Mandoul au Tchad." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 77 (December 31, 2024): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.19182/remvt.37475.
Full textAbstract:
Contexte : Dans les pays sahéliens, depuis plus de trois décennies, l’activité pastorale est soumise à des contraintes climatiques et démographiques engendrant une forte dégradation de l’écosystème. Objectif : La présente étude a eu pour objectifs de cerner les perceptions par les éleveurs de la vallée du Mandoul au Tchad des changements climatiques et de leurs incidences sur les pâturages, et de comprendre les stratégies d’adaptation de ces éleveurs. Méthodes : Cette analyse s’est appuyée sur le diagnostic agropastoral. Au total, 205 personnes appartenant à différents groupes d’éleveurs ont été sélectionnés pour cette étude. Cependant, 180 éleveurs ont effectivement participé aux groupes de discussion (focus groups) et 34 autres ont fait objet d’entretiens individuels basés sur un questionnaire préétabli. Résultats : Les résultats ont montré que tous les éleveurs enquêtés perçoivent les changements climatiques à travers la répartition inégale des pluies (88,3 %), une hausse de température (50,5 %) et une plus grande fréquence des vents violents accompagnés de poussières (78,9 %). Ils ont tous déclaré que plusieurs espèces fourragères ont disparu au cours des dix dernières années et que d’autres sont menacées ou en voie de disparition. Ils ont également mentionné l’apparition d’espèces envahissantes de faible valeur pastorale et non appétées par les animaux. Dans ce contexte de vulnérabilité accrue, les stratégies développées par les éleveurs pour leur survie reposent sur la mobilité des troupeaux, la diversification des activités génératrices de revenus et le stockage des résidus de culture pour l’alimentation des animaux pendant la saison sèche. Cependant, selon les éleveurs, ces stratégies ne répondent pas à toutes leurs attentes et montrent des limites, surtout en matière de durabilité. Conclusions : Cette étude fait ressortir la nécessité de la mise en place de stratégies adéquates pour une gestion durable des ressources pastorales dans le Mandoul afin d’assurer la pérennité des espèces végétales tout en soutenant les moyens de subsistance des communautés d'éleveurs.
9
Gonzales, Giulia. "Être jeune Kel Tamasheq face au marché du travail de Bamako. Autonomie, interdépendance et mobilité." Cahiers d'études africaines 257 (2025): 127–52. https://doi.org/10.4000/13h7f.
Full textAbstract:
À partir d’une analyse des discours de certains jeunes Kel Tamasheq, aussi appelés Touaregs, issus d’une société pastorale nomade, à propos du marché du travail urbain de Bamako, ma réflexion s’articule autour des concepts d’autonomie et d’interdépendance. Le premier est destiné à retracer la dimension subjective de la liberté, tandis que le second exprime sa dimension collective. Dans ce contexte, la mobilité met en évidence l’agencéité qui réside dans le pouvoir de décider si l’on se déplace et comment se déplacer. Ces jeunes hommes, rencontrés au Mali entre 2017 et 2021 lors de mes terrains ethnographiques, témoignent d’une prise de conscience de leurs conditions structurelles, surtout au sein des relations intergénérationnelles, d’où émergent trois fils rouges qui structurent mon raisonnement : la frustration, le vécu d’abandon et le manque d’espoir.
10
Sy, Oumar. "Mobilité pastorale dans la Basse vallée du Ferlo dans le contexte de la remise en eau." Cahiers d'Outre-Mer 63, no. 249 (2010): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/com.5848.
Full text
11
VALL, E., P. SALGADO, C. CORNIAUX, M. BLANCHARD, C. DUTILLY, and V. ALARY. "Changements et innovations dans les systèmes d’élevage en Afrique." INRAE Productions Animales 27, no. 2 (2014): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2014.27.2.3064.
Full textAbstract:
En Afrique, les productions animales font face à une évolution importante de la demande et sont en proie à de multiples changements. Les systèmes d’élevage du futur devront être à la fois plus productifs et respectueux de l’environnement et pour cela les éleveurs devront innover. Aujourd’hui les systèmes agro-pastoraux deviennent majoritaires, le pastoralisme se maintient notamment dans les zones arides, et les élevages périurbains et spécialisés prennent de l’importance. Les changements locaux et globaux survenus au cours des 50 dernières années créent davantage de contraintes mais offrent de nouvelles opportunités. Des innovations sont à l’oeuvre. En zone pastorale, elles concernent principalement la gestion des ressources et la mobilité du bétail, en zone agro-pastorale la diversification et l’intégration agriculture-élevage, en zone périurbaine la spécialisation et l’intensification de la production. Difficiles à déceler, lentes et progressives, les innovations favorisent la maîtrise du changement et doivent être encouragées et stimulées pour répondre aux enjeux de l’élevage. Les perspectives offertes par les réalités actuelles de l’élevage africain (faible productivité et progression rapide de la demande) devraient lui assurer un marché et des marges de progression significatives. Toutefois, ceci ne pourra se réaliser que moyennant la poursuite des réformes institutionnelles, une implication directe des organisations de producteurs, des termes du marché plus sécurisés et l’amélioration de l’appui technique.
12
Guidimê, Léopold Sènouwa, Habirou Imorou Sidi, André Jonas Djènontin, Byll Orou Kpérou Gado, and Sévérin Babatoundé. "Effets de la complémentation à base de Vitanimal sur les performances laitières et économiques des vaches Borgou au Bénin." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 74, no. 1 (2021): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.36322.
Full textAbstract:
L’objectif principal était d’évaluer l’impact d’un complément alimentaire, le Vitanimal (mélange de coques et de tourteau de coton), sur les performances laitières des vaches Borgou dans un contexte de rareté du fourrage en saison sèche et de réduction de la mobilité pastorale. L’évaluation a concerné un troupeau de 15 vaches ayant eu au moins deux mises bas à la Ferme d’élevage de l’Okpara. Les animaux ont été répartis en trois lots : le lot 1, lot témoin, a bénéficié uniquement du fourrage des parcours naturels et artificiels de la ferme, de pierres à lécher et d’eau ad libitum ; les lots 2 et 3 ont bénéficié de la même alimentation que les témoins avec en plus respectivement 2 et 4 kg du complément alimentaire. Les quantités de lait produites et les refus du complément ont été collectés et quantifiés chaque jour pendant 90 jours. Les analyses ont montré des différences significatives (p < 0,05) pour l’ingestion du complément alimentaire entre les lots 2 et 3, et pour les refus qui ont été plus importants dans le lot 3. Le Vitanimal a eu des effets significatifs sur les performances des vaches. Les productions journalières de lait ont été de 0,76 ± 0,35 kg, 1,04 ± 0,35 kg et 1,16 ± 0,46 kg respectivement pour les lots 1, 2 et 3. Ces quantités ont augmenté avec la quantité de complément servie. Toutefois, la ration du lot 2 a été plus rentable, soit 75 % de taux de rentabilité contre 25 % pour le lot 3.
13
Mahamat Ahmat, Mahamat Amine, Charles-Henri Moulin, Mian-Oudanang Koussou, and Guillaume Duteurtre. "Le lait comme facteur de sécurisation des chameliers en zone périurbaine de N'Djamena au Tchad." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 76 (November 23, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.37134.
Full textAbstract:
Les conditions climatiques, accentuées par l’instabilité politique des années 70-80, ont bouleversé les trajectoires de ménages pastoraux. Ces derniers ont quitté leur zone d’attache au Batha pour venir s’installer en zone périurbaine de N’Djamena. Au cours de cette migration, ils ont profondément transformé leurs systèmes d’élevage. L’objectif de cette étude est de montrer comment l’élevage du dromadaire a été un levier de ces transformations et a permis la résilience de ces ménages pastoraux. Ce travail a consisté en une enquête menée en 2018 auprès de 173 ménages de pasteurs camelins, répartis dans 27 campements autour de N’Djamena, soit 10 % des ménages de ces campements. Ces ménages sont spécialisés dans l’élevage camelin laitier, et leur mobilité est organisée autour de trois zones agro-écologiques. Pendant la saison sèche, les troupeaux sont divisés en deux. Les femelles en lactation sont gardées autour de N’Djamena pour la vente du lait et le reste du troupeau est envoyé vers le sud en zone pastorale avec un jeune adulte. En revanche, pendant la saison pluvieuse, l’ensemble du troupeau remonte au nord avec l’ensemble du ménage. La vente du lait de chamelle qui était autrefois considérée comme un tabou social représente aujourd’hui un moyen de sécurisation de ces ménages pastoraux, avec quatre modalités de mise en marché. Il s’agit de la vente à des collecteurs (43 %), la vente au bord de la route (35 %), la vente en ville avec collecte (12 %) et la vente en ville sans collecte (9 %). L’autoconsommation de lait reste importante (3,5 litres par ménage et par jour). Le lait est aussi une source majeure de revenu monétaire, avec plus de 45 % des ménages qui dégagent une marge brute lait (MBL) par actif supérieure ou égale au salaire minimum interprofessionnel garanti (SMIG) qui est de l’ordre de 2 000 FCFA par jour.
14
Lemaitre, Gwendoline, and Chloé Violon. "Repenser les mobilités spatiales au prisme des transactions de bétail à partir de deux systèmes pastoraux (touche de Géorgie et arabe du Tchad)." Cahiers d'anthropologie sociale N° 21, no. 2 (2023): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cas.021.0079.
Full textAbstract:
Pour se perpétuer, les sociétés pastorales dépendent de la reproduction de leur bétail. Or celle-ci ne repose pas uniquement sur le croît du troupeau ; elle est aussi régulée par des acquisitions extérieures qui permettent d’augmenter les effectifs, d’introduire de nouvelles races et de remplacer du cheptel improductif. Tout comme la mobilité spatiale qui aide à maximiser les ressources disponibles, cette circulation du bétail est – en permettant de faire face à la variabilité environnementale structurant le mode de vie pastoral – l’une des stratégies sociales de minimisation des risques. Au lieu de considérer les réseaux d’échange d’animaux et la mobilité des groupes pastoraux comme des facettes indépendantes du pastoralisme, nous proposons de réfléchir à la manière dont elles s’influencent mutuellement. À partir de deux études de cas (les éleveurs arabes du Tchad et touches de Géorgie), nous envisageons les liens entre les mobilités dans l’espace et la circulation socio-économique inter- et intracommunautaire des animaux. Étudier le nomadisme par le prisme de la circulation du bétail amène à le concevoir simultanément comme une adaptation efficace à des ressources inégalement réparties dans le temps et l’espace, et comme une histoire de liens entre groupes, entre lignages et entre individus.
15
Adriansen, Hanne Kirstine. "Pastoral Mobility: A Review." Nomadic Peoples 9, no. 1 (2005): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/082279405781826182.
Full text
16
Fontaine, Laurence. "Solidarités Familiales et Logiques Migratoires en Pays de Montagne à L'Époque Moderne." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 45, no. 6 (1990): 1433–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1990.278917.
Full textAbstract:
La mobilité, qui est un des phénomènes majeurs des sociétés de montagne, a fait l'objet de nombreuses analyses. Historiens et géographes s'accordent depuis longtemps pour lier ces migrations à l'écosystème montagnard parce que celui-ci conjugue à de maigres récoltes, un important besoin de main-d'oeuvre pendant la brève saison agricole. A ces données structurelles, s'ajoutent l'oisiveté forcée des hommes durant les hivers trop longs et la fiscalité, qui oblige à trouver le numéraire nécessaire pour acquitter l'impôt. En ce sens, ces analyses reprennent à leur compte les doléances des habitants.Toutefois, ces modèles classiques reposent sur plusieurs postulats, explicites ou implicites, qui influencent à leur tour les images données de la migration. Nous en retiendrons deux, essentiels pour comprendre les questions que posent ces approches de la mobilité. 1) La dépendance stricte entre système écologique et mobilité montagnarde sous-entend que la nature impose à l'homme une manière de l'exploiter et une seule ; elle renvoie au système agro-pastoral pratiqué dans les Alpes françaises au XIXe siècle ; à la « loi de transhumance » qui concerne hommes et bêtes, énoncée par Raoul Blanchard. 2) Dans ces sociétés agro-pastorales, les hommes sont égaux en pauvreté ; ce second postulat est d'ailleurs explicitement affirmé puisque les communautés montagnardes sont toujours décrites comme des « républiques » de petits propriétaires égaux dans la médiocrité.
17
Rodgers, Cory, and Greta Semplici. "Sedentist Epidemiology: COVID-19 Policies and Pastoral Mobility in Turkana County, Kenya." Nomadic Peoples 27, no. 2 (2023): 221–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/np.2023.270204.
Full textAbstract:
Authorities have often seen pastoralist mobility as a challenge for public health and veterinary disease control. While the movement of humans and animals can influence disease transmission, authorities often overlook the complexity of these epidemiological relations and ignore the ecological and economic trade-offs of restricting pastoral mobility. This study reviews the Covid-19 response at the border between Turkana County (Kenya) and Moroto District (Uganda), with particular focus on the Kenyan side. Drawing on interviews with Kenyan public health officials, NGOs' practitioners and pastoral households, we examine the treatment of pastoralist mobility in the Covid-19 response. Our findings suggest that, while there is special attention to and investment in extending health services to pastoralists, most of the thinking focuses on their rural location and household dispersal, rather than their mobility. In fact, pastoral transhumance was at times treated as a threat to disease control and national public health while other forms of cross-border mobility continued. We apply the concept of 'sedentist bias' to suggest that this understanding of pastoral mobility has become entrenched in the technics of public health planning.
18
Nébié, Elisabeth Kago Ilboudo, Colin Thor West, and Todd Andrew Crane. "'Where's the map?': integrating ethnography with maps to understand the complementarity between pastoral mobility and border formation." Journal of Political Ecology 27, no. 1 (2020): 795–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v27i1.23152.
Full textAbstract:
The resettlement of herders in pastoral zones is often criticized for hindering pastoral mobility, which is essential to survival. We integrate narratives of conflict and environmental change with maps to demonstrate the complementarity between pastoral mobility – porous borders – and border demarcation – rigid borders. We use evidence from the Sondré-Est Pastoral Zone in southern Burkina Faso, where herders were voluntarily resettled near agricultural villages following the droughts of the 1970s. Over time, however, farmers encroached on the borders of the pastoral zone and surrounding grazing areas declined. This increased land-use disputes. Tensions were exacerbated by the fact that these communities kept maps as community secrets. We re-created the administrative boundaries of the pastoral zone to map land-use/land-cover changes and conflict hot spots. The maps show that conflicts happened along porous borders where agricultural fields encroached. Herders called for a clear demarcation of the border of the pastoral zone to preserve exclusive access to resources within it. Simultaneously, they also wanted to maintain shared access to other resources outside the pastoral zone. The herders' desire for both border clarity and some form of flexibility underlines the complementary between both processes, especially in times of resource scarcity and land-use conflict. The mystery around the maps helps sustain ambiguity that is key for pursuing both goals. Keywords: GIS, land-use and land-cover change, farmer-herder border conflicts, pastoral mobility, Sahel, Burkina Faso
19
Atwood, Christopher P. "Imperial Itinerance and Mobile Pastoralism." Inner Asia 17, no. 2 (2015): 293–349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105018-12340046.
Full textAbstract:
Mobility in pastoral societies has often been treated as either a necessity for efficient pastoral production or else as a method of avoiding state power. Yet both the examples of itinerance in medieval Europe and the attested itineraries of medieval Inner Asian rulers suggest that power projection, not power avoidance, was a key component of Turco-Mongolian imperial mobility. By using new historico-geographical evidence, the itineraries of several pre-Chinggisid and Mongol empire figures—Ong Qa’an, Batu, Ögedei, and Möngke—may be mapped. The results show that imperial itinerance must be distinguished from pastoral mobility. They also show that movement in vast agglomerations of mob-grazing herds was not just a temporary response to military crisis but continued long into the peacetime of the Mongol empire. These results challenge a functionalist understanding of mobility and state structures in Inner Asia.
20
Rakowski, Tomasz. "“Urbanisation of the Steppe”. Sedentarization, Mobility, and Collective Business-Making Among the Torghuts in Post-transitional Mongolia." Prace Etnograficzne 49, no. 1-2 (2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/22999558.pe.21.002.14124.
Full textAbstract:
Drawing from Danuta Markowska’s notion of “urbanisation of the steppe” (1969) I present in this article some processes of transformation of pastoral life that occurred in postsocialist and post-transitional Mongolia. I focus especially on how some new forms of sedentarization, mobility and self-organization appeared among the new generation of the Torghuts from Bulgan district (soum) in western Mongolia, sons and daughters of the herders. Nowadays, they are developing their new businesses in Bulgan, and also in Ulaanbaatar, the capital city, where they have established a Torghut business-hub called the Torguud Town. In this article I will reconstruct some essential processes in which they rearrange their space of living and their patterns of mobility, and show that these reactions, the new patterns of sedentarization and mobility, are related to spatial dimensions of pastoral self-organization. Moreover, these reactions are still rooted in mobility, constant swapping and a “technology of solidarity”, and thus embody very specific pastoral practices and ideas.
21
Zazzo, Antoine, Maël Le Corre, Nicolas Lazzerini, et al. "3000 yr-old patterns of mobile pastoralism revealed by multiple isotopes and radiocarbon dating of ancient horses from the Mongolian Altai." PLOS ONE 20, no. 5 (2025): e0322431. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322431.
Full textAbstract:
Pastoral nomadism is of great cultural and economic importance in several regions of the world today. However, documenting ancient patterns of mobility in societies where pastoralism was central is challenging and requires tailored approaches and methodologies. Here we use strontium, oxygen and carbon isotopic analyses of dental enamel, together with a local strontium isoscape, to reconstruct the mobility patterns of seven domestic horses deposited in a Late Bronze Age grave from western Mongolia. Radiocarbon indicates that the animals were deposited within a short period of time, 3000 years ago. The isotope time series obtained from tooth enamel shows that four of the seven horses exhibited a common pattern characterized by a high frequency of mobility, suggesting that in this area (1) cyclical pastoral mobility dates back at least to the Late Bronze Age and (2) the animals belonged to the same herding family, implying that only a small community was involved in the funerary rite of this structure. The data show that the other three horse individuals had a distinct mobility pattern and that one was not from the local area, pointing to flexibility in mobility patterns over time or circulation of animals between herding groups. These results illustrate the power of the isotopic approach to reconstruct animal biographies and effectively address the archaeology of pastoral nomadism and mobility.
22
Byambaa, Bayarmaa, and Walter T. de Vries. "The Production of Pastoral Space: Modeling Spatial Occupation of Grazing Land for Environmental Impact Assessment Using Structural Equation Modeling." Land 10, no. 2 (2021): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020211.
Full textAbstract:
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a key tool for both environmental and land management. It identifies potential adverse and unintended consequences of the projects on land use and the environment and derives possible mitigation measures to address these impacts. Calculating the volume and severity of impacts is complex and often relies on selections and simplifications. Moreover, calculating impacts associated with nomadic-pastoral (dynamic) land use is still an unresolved methodological problem. A full understanding of the patterns of dynamic land use in nomadic pastoralism is still lacking. Consequently, EIAs are currently able to predict the negative impacts associated with dynamic land use insufficiently. This article addresses this lacuna by modeling the spatial occupation of grazing land using a statistical modeling technique of structural equation modeling (SEM) and the R package lavaan for SEM, in order to explain the behavior of dynamic land use for EIA. Based on the concepts of the production of space and pastoral spatiality, we specified and tested a model of spatial occupation of grazing areas hypothesizing interrelationships between factors influencing the pastoral space using empirical data from two different ecological zones in Mongolia. The findings suggest that grazing areas, herd mobility, and herd size and composition have direct positive effects on each other. Compared to broad-scale pastoral movements, the herd size and composition significantly affect the size of grazing areas and the extent of fine-scale herding mobility. Herders occupy more pastoral space and increase their daily herding movements at their campsites when the population of livestock increases. By contrast, the herd size and composition do not considerably affect the herders’ decision to migrate for extensive grazing between their seasonal campsites. Likewise, the scale of grazing areas and fine-scale pastoral mobility do not affect significantly the broad-scale herding mobility between campsites. The broad-scale herding mobility is relatively independent of the fine-scale mobility; however, they covary. This is the first study to analyze and quantify the effects of grazing areas, herding mobility, and herd size and composition in the same study. EIA impact prediction should consider grazing areas as a dynamic space that is influenced by grazing orbits, fine and broad-scale herding movements including otor, livestock species, the number of animals as well as households at campsites.
23
Marinucci, Roberto. "Caminhos da Igreja junto a migrantes e refugiados. Representações sociais e desafios pastorais." Revista Eclesiástica Brasileira 70, no. 278 (2019): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.29386/reb.v70i278.1165.
Full textAbstract:
Este artigo se propõe analisar a presença evangelizadora eclesial no mundo da mobilidade humana, a partir de um conjunto de representações sociais de migrantes e refugiados. Tendo como pressuposto que todo conhecimento da realidade é mediado e condicionado por fatores culturais e esquemas tipificadores, o artigo apresenta algumas tipificações mais comuns no contexto contemporâneo – migrante como invasor, ameaça, mal menor, necessitado, católico vulnerável, não-católico, injustiçado, protagonista, recurso e “outro” –, mostrando as consequências que essas representações comportam para a ação evangelizadora. Na parte final, de maneira sucinta, apontam-se algumas pistas de ação para as Pastorais da Mobilidade Humana.Abstract: The objective of this article is to analyse the ecclesial evangelizing presence in the world of human mobility through a set of social representations of migrants and refugees. Assuming that all knowledge of reality is mediated and conditioned by cultural factors and typifying schemes, the article presents some of the commonest typifications in the contemporary context – the migrant as an invader, a threat, a lesser evil, a needy person, a vulnerable Catholic, a non-Catholic, a victim of injustice, a protagonist, a resource and “other” – showing the consequences that these representations bring for the evangelizing action. In the final part of the text, the Author briefly outlines some lines of action for the Human Mobility Pastorals.
24
Orczykowski, Andrzej. "Rola osób konsekrowanych w duszpasterstwie migrantów." Prawo Kanoniczne 48, no. 3-4 (2005): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/pk.2005.48.3-4.04.
Full textAbstract:
Congregazione per gli Istituti di Vita Consacrata e le Società di Vita Apostolica, assieme al Pontificio Consiglio della Pastorale per i Migranti ed I’Itineranti, hanno rivolto una lettera congiunta alle superiore ed ai superiori generali degli istituti di vita consacrata. Questa lettera deve incoraggiare, un sempre maggiore l’impegno, le persone consacrate sui vari aspetti di mobilità della Chiesa secondo l’Istruzione del Pontificio Consiglio della Pastorale per i Migranti ed I’Itineranti Erga migrantes caritas Christi (La carità di Cristo verso i migranti). Il documento invita ad una sfida particolare, specialmente per le persone consacrate, perché abbiano sempre nella pastorale dei migranti, un ruolo di primo piano sia per il carisma di congregazioni volto a tale specifico settore, che per l’apporto personale di singoli consacrati o di singole comunità appartenenti a vari istituti di vita religiosa e società di vita apostolica. Tutti e due documenti sottolineanno che, la Chiesa fa, e continua a fare, grande affidamento sul contributo dei consacrati a tale pastorale specifica.
25
Kreutzmann, Hermann. "Problémy s obživou v pasteveckých oblastech vysokohorské Asie." Kulturní studia 2024, no. 1 (2024): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/ks.2024.220101cs.
Full textAbstract:
Zmenšování pasteveckých oblastí je jev, který se projevuje v celosvětovém měřítku, a to zejména v horských oblastech. K tomuto procesu přispěly přerušené migrační trasy, státní regulace, správní a mocenská kontrola, stejně jako působení rozšiřujících se sídel a modernizačních strategií. Pro 20. století je charakteristický rozvoj infrastruktury, kultivace dříve nedotčené půdy, ničení lesů a nové zhodnocování přírodního bohatství, růst počtu obyvatel a osídlení. Archaické formy extenzivních forem pasteveckých praktik našly svou antitezi v duchu modernizace a technologického pokroku. Propagátoři modernizace a využívání zdrojů podporovali „moderní“ mobilní společnost, ale klasické formy mobility označovali za zastaralé, zaostalé a neudržitelné. V pozadí je dávný a dobře známý kulturní konflikt mezi mobilními a usedlými komunitami, které se jeví jako vzájemně nedůvěřivé vůči chování a životnímu stylu těch druhých. Zmenšování pasteveckého prostoru je tedy stejně tak územní fenomén zaměřený na rozlohu a vzdálenost jako politický, sociokulturní a rozvojovou teorií inspirovaný proces, který ve většině zemí urychlil programy sedentarizace a usazování mobilních komunit. Vyvrcholením tohoto procesu by mohlo být tzv. konečné usazení všech kočovníků, které bylo v posledním desetiletí realizováno v Čínské lidové republice. Moje diskuse o „tragédii odpovědnosti“ bude příkladem procesu, který proběhl v pasteveckém prostoru, a poukáže na diverzity a rozdíly v legislativě v rámci sociálních a klimatických změn ve vysokohorském asijském pasteveckém prostoru.
26
Gonin, Alexis. "Le foncier pastoral au Sahel, des mobilités fragilisées." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 95, no. 2 (2018): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/bagf.3049.
Full text
27
ADRIANSEN, HANNE KIRSTINE. "Understanding pastoral mobility: the case of Senegalese Fulani." Geographical Journal 174, no. 3 (2008): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4959.2008.00278.x.
Full text
28
Serrano-Zulueta, Rubén, Antonio Gómez-Sal, Ferrán Pauné, et al. "A CLASSIFICATION OF PASTORALISM IN SPAIN: UNDERSTANDING THE PAST TO ADDRESS PRESENT CHALLENGES." Nomadic Peoples 28, no. 2 (2024): 242–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/whpnp.63837646691057.
Full textAbstract:
After centuries as a flagship economic activity, pastoralism in Spain is today in danger of collapse due to the simultaneous processes of abandonment and industrialisation. With a consensus on the need to revert this decline, a characterisation of pastoralism is needed in the design of an efficient framework for action. Through a participatory process with experts, we carried out this characterisation of Spanish pastoralism, identifying the most representative systems and communities. We studied the causes and consequences of pastoral evolution over the last 250 years, explained by biophysical, technological, governance and social parameters. We achieved a harmonised classification of eleven pastoral systems, classified into four groups with mobility parameters (large migratory systems, short-distance transterminance, daily mobile grazing and semi-wilderness). Large mobility systems were subdivided into ten pastoral communities, characterised by strong sociocultural ties beneath farm management. The consideration of pastoral systems and communities in policy can orient effective rural development, while optimising the allocation of resources for environmental conservation and climate neutrality. This article was published open access under a CC BY-NC 4.0 licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ .
29
Wario, Hussein T., Hassan G. Roba, Mareike Aufderheide, and Brigitte Kaufmann. "Reproductive performance and herd growth potentials of cattle in the Borana pastoral system, southern Ethiopia." Animal Production Science 57, no. 1 (2017): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15215.
Full textAbstract:
The pastoral communities in the Borana rangelands of southern Ethiopia mainly rely on cattle (Bos indicus) for their livelihoods. The reproductive performance of cattle is affected by environmental variability and mobility practices that affect fodder availability. This study was conducted to investigate the reproductive performances and herd growth potentials of cattle reared in three ecologically varied zones of Golbo, Malbe and Dirre in the Borana rangelands with different levels of mobility constraints. Using the progeny history technique we gathered life histories of 95, 44, and 138 breeding females and their 411, 203, and 448 calves from the pastoral zones of Golbo, Malbe and Dirre, respectively. The average number of breeding females per household showed a declining trend over the past 10 years. The age at first calving was 53 ± 1 (mean ± s.e.), 52 ± 2 and 56 ± 1 months for the cows from Golbo, Malbe and Dirre, respectively. The mean calving interval was 18. ± 0 for Golbo, 17 ± 0 for Malbe and 19 ± 0 for Dirre. The average number of calves per cow was 3.8 ± 0.1 and was highest in Golbo. Dirre had the lowest calving rate and higher calf mortality than Malbe and Golbo. A simulation of herd growth showed that in Golbo and Malbe the average number of females were 100% higher after 20 years than in Dirre. It is concluded that reduced pastoral mobility that affected resource access across ecological zones can compromise the reproductive performance and hence the growth potential of cattle populations. These findings underscore the importance of policy frameworks such as those by the African Union that call for upholding of pastoral land rights and enabling of mobility practices.
30
McAllister, R. R. J. "Livestock mobility in arid and semiarid Australia: escaping variability in space." Rangeland Journal 34, no. 2 (2012): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj11090.
Full textAbstract:
Livestock mobility is practised by pastoralists to cope with some of the variability and unpredictability of limited forage resources and because a diverse portfolio of strategies is needed to manage risk. The global trend towards rangeland privatisation, fragmentation and land-use intensification is eroding many of the institutions that have traditionally facilitated pastoral mobility. While Australia’s pastoral industry was developed as a European private-property system, livestock mobility has recently been increasing, indicating an important response to variability regardless of a nation’s wealth or development. This paper discusses how opportunistic movements of livestock over large scales by trading grazing rights between enterprises are effective but imperfect. Knowledge about the trustworthiness of individuals and local environments is often limited and poorly monitored. There is scope for policy to support mobility by targeting these institutional failures. The Australian system of trading grazing rights can inform efforts to maintain spatial flexibility in the industrial era.
31
Chang, Claudia. "Nomadic Subjects: Sexual Difference in Ancient and Ethnographic Studies of Pastoral Mobility." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 32, no. 2 (2022): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774321000536.
Full textAbstract:
This essay explores Braidotti's nomadic subject as the starting point for a posthumanist perspective for the interpretation of ethnographic and ancient pastoral societies. Why has women's labour and positionality in such societies tended to be ignored by archaeology? The author's autobiographical discussion of her earlier work on village and transhumant pastoralists in Greece frames her personal discovery of gender and power dynamics in mobile societies. The main case study, however, examines the household archaeology of Iron Age Saka (eastern variants of Scythians) and later pastoral groups in order to put forth hypotheses about gendered production in semi-sedentary societies. Haraway's concept of the cyborg and Braidotti's concept of the nomadic subject are examined. Material studies of ceramic serving dishes, household debris and house form at an Iron Age agropastoral settlement apply some of the concepts of new feminisms. A comparison is drawn between the philosophy of nomadology and the anthropological archaeology of pastoral nomads.
32
Abdirizak, Arale Nunow. "Mobility as a Key Coping Strategy among Pastoral Communities: The Case of Nomadic Pastoralists in Kenya." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 07, no. 12 (2024): 8936–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14326977.
Full textAbstract:
This study explored the challenges and opportunities associated with mobility as a coping strategy among nomadic pastoralists in Kenya. Traditionally, mobility has been integral to the survival and resilience of these communities, enabling them to navigate environmental variability and socio-economic challenges. The research focused on the factors influencing mobility patterns, including climate change, land tenure changes and socio-political dynamics. It highlighted how mobility allows pastoralists to mitigate the impacts of drought by moving livestock to areas with better grazing conditions, thus sustaining their economic viability. However, the study also identified significant challenges such as conflicts over grazing lands, exacerbated by increasing human population and land use changes. The desktop research methodology employed in this study involved gathering and analyzing secondary data from various credible sources, including academic journals, governmental and non-governmental organization reports, and statistical databases. This approach facilitated a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, providing insights into the socio-economic and environmental impacts of mobility. The findings indicated that while mobility is crucial for accessing resources and adapting to environmental changes, it is increasingly constrained by factors such as land fragmentation and socio-political developments. Despite these challenges, opportunities exist to enhance mobility practices through improved infrastructure, technology and policy interventions aimed at securing pastoral land rights and creating livestock movement corridors. The study concluded that mobility remains a vital adaptive mechanism for pastoralists, supporting both environmental sustainability and socio-economic resilience. Policy recommendations included promoting flexible land use policies, enhancing access to markets and services, and strengthening community-based resource management systems. By combining traditional practices with modern technology and policy support, the resilience of pastoral communities can be significantly enhanced. These findings underscore the need for integrated approaches that recognize the importance of mobility in the sustainable development of pastoral systems in Kenya.
33
El Aayadi, Soufiane, Abdelilah Araba, and Magali Jouven. "Resilience of the pastoral component of Moroccan small ruminant systems in mountain areas." Rangeland Journal 43, no. 4 (2021): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj21039.
Full textAbstract:
Small ruminant farming is the main rural occupation in mountain areas of Morocco. This activity is subject to numerous pressures, including repeated climatic hazards that modify pastoral resource availability and trigger changes in production systems. This study aimed to identify and analyse changes in availability and utilisation of pastoral resources acknowledged by farmers over the past 40 years for the small ruminant farming systems of the Central High Atlas region of Morocco. We hypothesised, on the basis of previous research, that resilience of the pastoral component of such systems increases with elevation. We interviewed 50 farmers in three municipalities of Azilal province, at moderate (800–1400 m), medium (1400–1800 m) and high (1800–3000 m) elevations. In the 1970–1980s, pastoral resources were abundant and mobile flocks grazed collective rangelands. Subsequently, repeated droughts and the increased stock numbers promoted by agricultural policies led to the deterioration of resource abundance and quality, especially palatable plants. At moderate elevations, wooded areas and phytomass declined; erosion occurred at high elevations. Traditional systems diversified by including agricultural activities. At moderate elevations, livestock farming intensified, with the adoption of a productive breed, concentrate distribution and the grazing of fallow land. Currently, flock mobility is limited and rangelands provide less than 60% of sheep requirements. At high elevations, the pastoral component persisted at the cost of a diversification of pastoral areas and greater flock mobility. Rangelands are still collectively managed and provide almost 90% of sheep requirements. Since rangelands remain a major feed source, changes in pastoral resources can be considered as a major driver of change in livestock systems. The sustainability of small ruminant farming systems at these elevations thus depends on the conservation of rangeland.
34
Meister, Julia, Daniel Knitter, Jan Krause, Bernd Müller-Neuhof, and Brigitta Schütt. "A pastoral landscape for millennia: Investigating pastoral mobility in northeastern Jordan using quantitative spatial analyses." Quaternary International 501 (January 2019): 364–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2017.08.038.
Full text
35
Fernandez-Gimenez, Maria E., and Sonya Le Febre. "Mobility in pastoral systems: Dynamic flux or downward trend?" International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology 13, no. 5 (2006): 341–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504500609469685.
Full text
36
Schmaus, Tekla M., Claudia Chang, and Perry A. Tourtellotte. "A model for pastoral mobility in Iron Age Kazakhstan." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 17 (February 2018): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2017.10.029.
Full text
37
Mannia, Sebastiano. "Transhumance in the Time of UNESCO. Political Narratives, Rhetorical Representations, Enhancement Practices." Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review 29 (November 9, 2024): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.57225/martor.2024.29.06.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, there has been a resurgence of tourist and economic interest in transhumance in Sardinia and more generally Italy. Previously viewed as a hindrance to sheep farming development and associated with isolation, sacrifice, and uncertainty for the people involved, transhumance is now being reconsidered. This study aims to explore the impact of this renewed attention by examining the new transhumance routes, identifying its advocates, and understanding why pastoral mobility was once deemed as a sign of cultural backwardness but is now celebrated as a heritage object and identity trait. The paper also investigates how transhumance has been integrated into territorial marketing efforts, often through rhetorical appeals to pastoral identity and authenticity and nostalgic and poetical depictions of a mythologized past. In fact, the emotional peak following UNESCO’s recognition of transhumance as intangible heritage is not the sole driver of this trend, as Sardinia has been focusing on the heritage value of pastoral mobility since the early 2000s. This paper emphasizes the role that rural space and landscape revaluation, sustainable tourism promotion, new pastoralism models, and local agri-food production revitalization play in driving this shift, aligning with current environmental and cultural heritage conservation and enhancement policies.
38
Pelican, Michaela. "Mbororo on the move: from pastoral mobility to international travel." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 29, no. 4 (2011): 427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2011.607015.
Full text
39
Milva, Caro. "Pastoral intercultural. Em prol dos jovens e dos migrantes." Revista Eclesiástica Brasileira 70, no. 278 (2019): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.29386/reb.v70i278.1167.
Full textAbstract:
Organizado em três partes, o artigo aborda primeiramente o tema da interculturalidade, mantendo a reflexão bíblico-teológico-filosófica focada na importância e na pertinência teórica e prática das migrações, hoje, na Igreja e na sociedade. Em seguida, sempre em chave intercultural, são indicadas algumas perspectivas para uma pastoral da juventude, levando em conta o contexto da mobilidade humana. Enfim, a terceira parte apresenta uma proposta metodológica de pastoral intercultural da juventude e delineia algumas questões para a continuidade do debate.Abstract: Organized into three parts, the article first deals with the theme of interculturality, keeping the Biblical-theological-philosophical reflexion focused on the theoretical and practical importance and pertinence of migrations today, in the Church and in society. Then, always in an intercultural approach, some perspectives for a young people’s pastoral are suggested, taking into account the context of human mobility. Finally, the third part presents a methodological proposal for a youth’s intercultural pastoral and outlines a few issues for further debates.
40
KIMA, Sophie A., A. A. OKHIMAMHE, and Andre KIEMA. "Assessing the Impacts of Land Use and land cover change on Pastoral Livestock Farming in South-Eastern Burkina Faso." Environment and Natural Resources Research 6, no. 1 (2016): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v6n1p110.
Full textAbstract:
<p class="1Body">Conversion of pastures to cropland is one of the most important issues facing livestock farming in Burkina Faso. This study examined the impact of land use/cover change on pastoral livestock farming in Boulgou province between 1980 and 2013. Landsat satellite images (1989, 2001 and 2013) and socio-economic data were analysed. The interpretation of the classified Landsat images revealed an increase in cropland from 20.5% in 1989 to 36.7% in 2013. This resulted mainly from the conversion of woody savannah and shrub and grass savannah to cropland. Pastoral livestock farmers reported that the major drivers of vegetation loss were drought (95.1 %), population growth (91.8%), cropland increase (91.4%), extraction of fuel wood (69.8%) and increase in livestock population (65.4). These changes affect livestock farming through reduction of pasture, poor access to water and reduction of livestock mobility routes according to the farmers. This calls for regional and national policies to protect grazing areas in Burkina Faso that are similar to policies being implemented for forest and other types of vegetation cover in other countries. For such pastoral policies to be successful, issues concerning the mobility of livestock farmers must be enshrined into such policies and this study is an example of information source for these policies.</p>
41
Scriban, Arthur, Serge Nabeneza, Daniel Cornelis, et al. "GPS-Based Hidden Markov Models to Document Pastoral Mobility in the Sahel." Sensors 24, no. 21 (2024): 6964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24216964.
Full textAbstract:
In agrarian systems where animal mobility is crucial for feed management, nutrient cycles and household economy, there is a notable lack of precise data on livestock mobility and herding practices. We introduce a methodology leveraging GPS-based behavioural models to analyse and document pastoral mobility in the Sahel. Over 2.5 years, we conducted a continuous collection of GPS data from transhumant and resident cattle herds in the Senegalese agropastoral semiarid rangelands. We developed a Hidden Markov Model robustly fitted to these data to classify recordings into three states of activity: resting (47% overall), foraging (37%) and travelling (16%). We detail our process for selecting the states and testing data subsets to guide future similar endeavours. The model describes state changes and how temperature affects them. By combining the resulting dataset with satellite-based land-use data, we show the distribution of activities across landscapes and seasons and within a day. We accurately reproduced key aspects of cattle mobility and characterised rarely documented features of Sahel agropastoral practices, such as transhumance phases, nocturnal grazing and in-field rainy season paddocking. These results suggest that our methodology, which we make available, could be valuable in addressing issues related to the future of Sahelian pastoralism.
42
MCCARTHY, NANCY, and MONICA DI GREGORIO. "Climate variability and flexibility in resource access: the case of pastoral mobility in Northern Kenya." Environment and Development Economics 12, no. 3 (2007): 403–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x07003609.
Full textAbstract:
In many regions of the world, property rights to natural resources are held under various forms of communal ownership, which often exhibit flexibility for users to access different resources depending on relative need. This paper explores the links between climate variability, transactions costs associated with resource access, and patterns of herd mobility in northern Kenya. Results indicate that greater spatial variability of vegetation leads to greater herd mobility, and that higher transaction costs reduce mobility for herds engaged in long-distance movements. Moreover, long-distance mobility is higher in drought years only in those communities with greater spatial and seasonal variability of vegetation.
43
Tinsley, Jonathan H. I., and Lovemore C. Gwiriri. "Understanding the Representation of Pastoralism in Livestock-Related Climate Adaptation Policies in Ghana and Nigeria: a Review of Key Policy Documents." Nomadic Peoples 26, no. 1 (2022): 83–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/np.2022.260105.
Full textAbstract:
Within Nigeria and Ghana, pastoralists face increasing adversity from climate change and marginalisation due to a complex combination of factors, further amplified by highly sensitive and increasingly violent conflicts with farmers. While climate change exacerbates the vulnerability of pastoralists, this remains largely unaccounted for in current Nigerian and Ghanaian pastoral livestock policy. Employing a thematic analytical approach, the article assesses the representation of pastoralists within climate change adaptation strategies in Ghana and Nigeria, and the impact of this on their livelihoods. Our findings indicate that pastoralists are poorly represented in current policy, which is inclined towards transitions to intensive sedentary systems. This risks enhancing the vulnerability of pastoralists to climate impacts by constraining mobility. We conclude that improved clarity on how these policies account for climate change in transitioning pastoral systems into intensive sedentary systems could encourage compliance and buy-in by pastoralists and farmers. It is recommended that future livestock policies address climate change and bolster producer mobility to better support the livelihoods of pastoralists.
44
Mustafa, Sawsan Khair Elseid A., and Fatima Mohammed Ahmed M. Rahma. "Climate Change Versus Pastoral Communities in Butana of SudanVulnerability and Adaptability." Climate Change Versus Pastoral Communities in Butana of SudanVulnerability and Adaptability 9, no. 2 (2024): 9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10656498.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is focused on impacts of climate vulnerability on pastoral livelihoods and adaptive capacities of pastoral communities in Goz Rajab and Alazaza of River Atbara Locality of Butana of Kassala State- Eastern Sudan .It aimed to to assess impacts of climate vulnerability on the current livelihood of pastoral groups in River Atbara Locality of Kassala State, analysing adaptive capacity at the community level and to propose guideline measures that enhance pastoral groups ability to adapt to climate change and ensure food security.Approach used is Climate Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis in line with Sustainable livelihood approach. Data were collected based on many participatory tools include desk research well-structured questionnaires for household (H/H) historical timelines, group discussions. Key findings were summarized that, drought seems to be the biggest climate hazard, 38 % of respondents indicated that recently its frequency has increased resulting in negative impacts that affects pastoral community's livelihoods. The vulnerability of the pastoralists in Goz Rajab is highly pronounced compared to Alazaza agro pastoralists. H/H headship was male dominated it constitutes 97.7% of sample size. Both women and men had less access to education in Goz Rajab. Elder’s illiteracy in Alazaza was 71% for both sexes. Protection of key livelihood asset was quite low as accessed by only 4.5% of respondents’ H/H heads. Feed shortage reported by 97 % resulted in increased mobility and migration (90%) and shift from pastoralism to other production system as agreed by 90% of respondents. Findings indicated that access to finance provided by livestock traders who provide 50% on loan basis and Producers Union provides 50%. Access to early warning and climate information reported by only 24.4% hence climate information provided by elderly observations (68.4%) or depends on physiognomy (31.6%) to nature for planning for mobility or cultivation. Selling animals among more significant coping mechanism (66.7% of H/H); brokerage practiced by 47.5%. Adaptation capacities varied between study areas, practices include shifting to raise small ruminants, cultivation, utilize sorghum stoves as roofs and building material dry season feeding; Accessibility to knowledge and skills were varied ,2.4 % have no idea about the information availability and accessibility(Mustafa,2015). Keywords:- Climate, Vulnerability, Pastoral, Community, Butana of Kassala.
45
Kebede, Sisay, Zewdu K. Tessema, Mengistu Urge, Mehari Alebachew, and Abule Ebro. "Impact of Bush Encroachment on Livestock Production and Pastoral Livelihoods in Fentale District, Eastern Ethiopia." Sustainable Agriculture Research 9, no. 4 (2020): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v9n4p56.
Full textAbstract:
The threat of bush encroachment on community livelihoods and economy in range lands of Fentale district in Ethiopia is not well known. So, this study was conducted to evaluate the impact of bush encroachment and its stress on livestock daily milk yield and pastoral livestock production of the district. The data of household livestock holding and its production, household income sources, expenditure, etc. was obtained from district pastoral and agro-pastoral office and the respective pastoral communities. The data was collected through semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussion and key informant interviews. The data was analyzed through descriptive statistics and regression analysis using Minitab Software. The result revealed that there was an alarming rate increasing of bush encroachment coverage and positive association (P &lt; 0.05) with camel and goat population than cattle and sheep population (P &gt; 0.05) in the study district. Results of current study also revealed that a positive correlation between increasing coverage of bush encroachment and mean daily milk yield of livestock (i.e. cattle, goat and camel) in the study areas. Pastoral producers also perceived the impact of bush encroachment on livestock population trend and milk production in all study sites and applied different adaptation strategies (like feed supplementation and mobility). It is recommended that appropriate intervention options (like bush thinning) of government and other stakeholders is needed to alleviate the current economic bush related challenges of pastoral producers and save the loosing natural resources, even by amendment of pastoral production related policies and its implementation
46
Maru, Natasha. "A Relational View of Pastoral (im)mobilities." Nomadic Peoples 24, no. 2 (2020): 209–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/np.2020.240203.
Full textAbstract:
Pitched against the apparently more civilised and modern 'settled' folk, pastoralists have historically been penalised for the seemingly primitive and outdated practice of mobility. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in western India, this article challenges this reductive dichotomy and unpacks the many (im)mobilities produced, accessed, experienced and imagined by pastoralists. Adopting a relational lens, it shows how mobilities and immobilities co-constitute and are contingent on each other across social, geographical and temporal scales. Embedded within their own social and political history, the many forms of (im)mobilities can not only ontologically dispel the homogenizing effects of rigid typologies, but also but also practically offer pastoralists the capacity to adapt to changing times.
47
Hiernaux, Pierre, and Mohamed Habibou Assouma. "Adapting pastoral breeding to global changes in West and Central tropical Africa: Review of ecological views." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 73, no. 3 (2020): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.31893.
Full textAbstract:
Pastoral livestock is defined as a reproduction-oriented, grazing-based familial livestock system with community-managed resources. Pastoral breeders differ from one another in the diversity of species and breeds raised, the size and management of herds and the extent of their regional mobility. The social, economic and environmental weight of pastoralist livestock in West and Central sub-Saharan Africa is evoked together with its imputation of environmental degradation. Global changes faced by pastoral livestock are sorted out by domains, climatic and societal, and by time scales, short or long. The incriminated impacts of livestock on ecosystems are assessed in the short and long terms. The functions of pastoral breeding already affected by global changes whether climatic or societal are analyzed. The capacity of two alternative livestock breeding systems, ranching and stall-feeding, to respond to these constraints is reviewed. Finally, pastoral breeding has been recognized as being able to adapt best to long-term climate change and to short- and long-term societal changes, provided that national and international investments are made. Civil security must be restored and pastoralists’ access to water and fodder resources must be secured. Professional organizations and associations should be empowered to negotiate grazing rights, and their skills should be enhanced. There is the need to complete, rehabilitate and manage hydraulic and veterinary infrastructures, but also to invest significantly in adapted health, education and communication infrastructures in long-neglected pastoral areas.
48
Sulieman, Hussein M., and Helen Young. "The Resilience and Adaptation of Pastoralist Livestock Mobility in a Protracted Conflict Setting: West Darfur, Sudan." Nomadic Peoples 27, no. 1 (2023): 3–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/np.2023.270102.
Full textAbstract:
This paper focuses on the dynamics of pastoralist herd mobility in West Darfur State, Sudan, a region affected by persistent conflict. The paper examines the annual cycle and seasonal trajectories of mobility for camels, cattle, and sheep, comparing mobility patterns by livelihood specialisation and reviewing the mobility of multi-species herds. Using social research tools and remote sensing livestock tracking technology, the study found diverse livestock mobility patterns within the region. Conflict and insecurity have reduced the freedom and flexibility of these movements. Persistent insecurity combined with climate shocks have led to adaptations, including changes in herd species composition and owner preference, and a shift from long to short-distance mobility closer to the home area. Ultimately these changes have undermined the resilience of the pastoral system. The paper considers the implications of these changes in pastoralist mobility for humanitarian needs, building livelihood resilience and promoting peaceful integration with other users of natural resources.
49
Жаргалан, Бүрэнтогтох, та Уильям Гарднер. "Эртний нүүдэлчдийн дунд нарийн зохион байгуулалт бүрэлдэх үйл явцыг археологийн баримтаар тодруулах нь". Mongolian Journal Anthropology, Archaeology and Ethnology 12, № 1 (2023): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/mjaae.2023120107.
Full textAbstract:
The issue regarding social complexity among pastoral nomads has been a long-lasting puzzle for historian, anthropologists, and archaeologists. Such problems arises from the approach to look at past nomadic societies through narrow ecological and economic lenses. Even the concept of “social complexity” among archaeologists is problematic. Initially derived from system theories and political economy, the definition of social complexity places heavy emphasis on social stratification, industrialized economies, and centralized governance of sedentary societies. We argue that such approach to social complexity is not suitable to explain stages of social complexity among pastoral nomads. This is why we are introducing a different approach that considers integration, scale, and mobility. By explaining initial stages of social complexity of early pastoral communities in the case of two neighboring valleys in north central Mongolia, we can begin to understand how one of the first states in eastern Eurasian steppe emerged at the end of the 1st millennium BCE.
50
KOTCHONI, Razak. "Réseautage social et conduite de la transhumance au Nord Bénin." Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires 12, no. 1 (2024): 36–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10802219.
Full textAbstract:
Cet article décrit les différentes relations que éleveurs les transhumants entretiennent avec les différents acteurs durant leurs trajets. A cet effet, les données ont été collectées auprès de 52 transhumants choisis de façon aléatoire, en se positionnant à l’entrée des pistes de transhumances. Les principales données collectées sont relatives à l’organisation sociale de la mobilité, aux formes d’accès à l’espace pastoral dans les sites d’accueil, à la nature des interactions avec les acteurs locaux et aux rôles des structures d’appui dans le processus de la transhumance. Les résultats indiquent que durant leur séjour sur un territoire, les transhumants entretiennent diverses relations avec les hôtes, à savoir la recherche d’information, la monétarisation pour l’accès aux infrastructures pastorales, l’achat des fourrages, des contractualisations pour l’exploitation des résidus de récoltes ou des contrats de parcage des bœufs dans les champs après les récoltes. Ils entretiennent également des relations de clientélisme avec des structures étatiques, dont l’Agence Territoriale de Développement Agricole (ATDA) et le chef poste vétérinaire ou la Section Communale des Eaux, Forêts et Chasse.