Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mobilità territoriale'
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Alfier, Marina <1991>. "Un modello di mobilità slow per l'integrazione turistica e territoriale della Città Metropolitana di Venezia." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/8246.
Full textCaula, Alberto <1969>. "Infrastrutture per la mobilità, interventi di trasformazione territoriale e valorizzazione immobiliare: una proposta metodologica di approccio integrato." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4910/1/caula_alberto_tesi.pdf.
Full textIn a situation characterized by scarcity of public financial resources, that makes necessary the contribute of private operators to the realization of public works, and by environmental resources scarcity, which imposes the sustainability of the interventions, the thesis aims at making the realization of new road infrastructures “active” with respect to the context, by guaranteeing the commitment of every involved actor. The aim is to obtain the private actors’ contribution not only for the infrastructures that are functional to the development itself, but also for the realization of road infrastructures that are not strictly dedicated to it, but that are necessary for guaranteeing its sustainability. This principle, called also “sustainability contribution”, which is beginning to be applied in the urban planning practice, shows some critical aspects, because the developed cases are often basing on hypothesis that give raise to questions of law between private developers and public bodies. Aiming at defining a methodology to support the negotiation for the univocal and objective definition of the contribution to be asked to the private developers for the realization of the new road infrastructures, the thesis focuses on the definition of an operative model basing on classical four steps traffic simulation models. The proposed methodology has been verified through the application to a case study concerning the realization of a new road infrastructure on the boundary between Castel Maggiore and Argelato, in the Bologna province. The road, which is essential for guaranteeing the accessibility to the new developments, permits also to solve some actual critical situations of the provincial road network. The addressed problem is therefore the definition of the sustainability contribution to be asked to the users of the new road for allowing its realization. In conclusion, some considerations about the methodology utility and its applicability to similar cases are discussed.
Caula, Alberto <1969>. "Infrastrutture per la mobilità, interventi di trasformazione territoriale e valorizzazione immobiliare: una proposta metodologica di approccio integrato." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4910/.
Full textIn a situation characterized by scarcity of public financial resources, that makes necessary the contribute of private operators to the realization of public works, and by environmental resources scarcity, which imposes the sustainability of the interventions, the thesis aims at making the realization of new road infrastructures “active” with respect to the context, by guaranteeing the commitment of every involved actor. The aim is to obtain the private actors’ contribution not only for the infrastructures that are functional to the development itself, but also for the realization of road infrastructures that are not strictly dedicated to it, but that are necessary for guaranteeing its sustainability. This principle, called also “sustainability contribution”, which is beginning to be applied in the urban planning practice, shows some critical aspects, because the developed cases are often basing on hypothesis that give raise to questions of law between private developers and public bodies. Aiming at defining a methodology to support the negotiation for the univocal and objective definition of the contribution to be asked to the private developers for the realization of the new road infrastructures, the thesis focuses on the definition of an operative model basing on classical four steps traffic simulation models. The proposed methodology has been verified through the application to a case study concerning the realization of a new road infrastructure on the boundary between Castel Maggiore and Argelato, in the Bologna province. The road, which is essential for guaranteeing the accessibility to the new developments, permits also to solve some actual critical situations of the provincial road network. The addressed problem is therefore the definition of the sustainability contribution to be asked to the users of the new road for allowing its realization. In conclusion, some considerations about the methodology utility and its applicability to similar cases are discussed.
PAGANO, ANTONIETTA. "La mobilità internazionale del capitale umano come strumento di sviluppo e competitività territoriale nella società della conoscenza." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/202025.
Full textMELZI, CLARA. "Qualità della vita ed equità socio-territoriale nelle aree metropolitane di Bologna, Milano e Torino. Uno studio empirico sulla mobilità territoriale e l'accessibilità ai servizi di prossimità." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/23472.
Full textCarlorosi, Cecilia. "Osmo.polis: infra-strutture socialmente utili ed ecologicamente compatibili." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242739.
Full textThe present research addresses the issues of improving the existing architectural and environmental heritage, particularly in smaller towns, entrusting infrastructures with further roles besides that of primary use, in order to integrate the possibilities of the operation of economic and social networks within which the smaller towns have to !nd a functional reuse. The prolonged economic crisis, litmus test of the ecological and environmental crisis in progress, has highlighted the heavy di"culties of a model of unsustainable development. The present study juxtaposes to exaggerated urban consumerism and regime of competition among metropolitan areas that caused the congestion and the crisis of the development model, the energetic quality of individual “minor” places. To the latter one would like to give added value and better usability, by proposing potential structures to make the facilities inscribable in the term “infrastructure” permeable to their gravitational area, thus making the infrastructural works useful to the tourism, culture and logistics system. Signi!cant is the case of historic towns in the Marche region, a prototype of urban sprawl, investigated in the present research through the aspects connecting sustainable infrastructures and urban transport networks to the quality of city life. The concept of sustainability is declined in order to meet the contrasting demands of conservation and growth by addressing the issue of defending the balance of the smaller towns and their social matrix, yet including the necessary endowment of services and infrastructures for city welfare, socioeconomic growth and adaptation to the needs of contemporary life. The new paradigms of growth that the results of this research suggest are centered on the revolution of the mobility culture and on project planning logics able to transform infrastructures in opportunities to regenerate the area. The research work takes place within the context of scienti!c activity on regional architecture that the Dicea Department - Architecture Section of the Università Politecnica delle Marche has been performing for many years to protect the local cultural resources.
Binet, Marie-Estelle. "Mobilite territoriale et comportement depensier des collectivites territoriales." Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN11011.
Full textThis research proposes an interactive analysis between fiscal mobility and local public choices in localities. We both develop a theoretical and an empirical approach. Theoreticaly, the topics studied are very often performed in the literature, but in a separate way. We presents here a joint analysis of them. The research first proposes a reinterpretation of fiscal competition models using the optimal local taxation theory. We also develop a theoretical extent in order to study fiscal exportation models using fiscal incidence theory. The aim of the empirical analysis is to estimate some implications discussed in the theoretical part. We first try to value the fiscal pressure supported by firms in france in order to assess fiscal competition effects in localities. Then, a granger causality test and a cointegration study between household migration flows and local public goods supplied by some french municipalities are performed. The aim is to confirm the existence of residential fiscal competition in localities
Duran-Vigneron, Pascale. "Fiscal disparities and territorial redistribution." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100069.
Full textThe question of territorial disparities, although not a new one, appears to be a very topical issue with European opening and globalization. If the higher competition between territories that arises in this context is not controlled, the consequences can be extremely important in terms of social cohesion. Thereby, a detailed analysis about the instruments used to deal with the sensitive issue of territorial disparities is both relevant and necessary. We then focus on two types of public intervention that appear as the most important instruments used in the reduction of territorial disparities and that we analyze in a context of mobility. The thesis is then organized in two parts that are distinct but complement each other. The Part I is interested in the issue of fiscal equalization as a device to reduce fiscal disparities. The Chapter 1 provides a detailed survey of literature on equalization payments in a context of economic agents' mobility and therefore in an economic efficiency perspective. The Chapter 2 is in line with the first one and analyses the ability of a transparent equalization scheme to be efficiency enhancing. The Part II of the thesis studies a second instrument reduction of territorial disparities, inter-municipal cooperation, and its impact on fiscal pressure. The Chapter 3 look at this issue from a theoretical point of view, while the Chapter 4 is an empirical analysis applied to the French case
Faivre, Emmanuel. "Infrastructures autoroutières, mobilité et dynamiques territoriales." Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA1024.
Full textThe motorway sector wonders about the relations between the new practices of mobility, the conditions of space accessibility and the dynamic territorial ones. On the one hand, the old and discussed question of the structuring effects of the motorways arises about the localization of the economic activities. A systemic modelling of the interactions between motorway and system of localization was worked out to lead to a grid of analysis. Its objective is to avoid the methodological and theoretical problems of a vision deterministic of the role of the infrastructures of transport on the local development. On the other hand, the impact of the "35 hours" on flows, questions the managers of the motorway networks. Employee's talks identify their new behavior of mobility as well as the representation that they are done some. The RTT modifies their displacements with a specific turning for each one of them (intensity of the changes, new temporalities of displacements)
Randriantovomanana, Eliette. "Mobilité et accidentalité routière chez les adolescents." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20023.
Full textSociological research on the links between socio-territorial belonging and road risk remain minimal. If the epidemiological studies in this field are more numerous and essentially conclude the existence of social and territorial inequalities of mobility and road accidents, logics related remain yet unknown. To what extent the socio-territorial belonging of an individual does affect his mobility and his road accidents? Why disadvantages groups would they have more road traffic accidents than more advantages groups ? These questions were the starting point of our research. By choosing to focus on the case of teenagers, our problem cannot be restricted to social and territorial inequalities. It now also takes into account the specificities of adolescence as a period during which the aspiration for autonomy is strong, the risk taking recurrent, and the peers’ influence significant. We conducted our research with teenagers from six Rhone “colleges” with contrasting profiles (public/private, urban area/suburban/rural). More than 1000 teenagers participated in a questionnaire survey and about 200 of them participated in focus-groups.By combining quantitative method with qualitative method we show that teenagers’ mobility and road accident are not reducible to their social and territorial belonging. The thesis we defend is the following: “in terms of mobility and road safety, social and territorial inequalities and disparities can be doubled, even erased by the effect of the age group and by the decision making autonomy of the teenager”. Beyond the inequalities of motorization according to the social and territorial situation, the road behaviors are less linked to socio-territorial belonging to the will of the teenager to make its behavior reasonable under the circumstances of the journey. Underprivileged backgrounds certainly contain the highest proportions of adolescents with risky road behaviors but when teens are with their peers, everyone – regardless of their social belonging – more adopt behaviors contrary to the official road safety standards. Among teenagers, the social and territorial belonging does not influence the risk of road accident : it is primarily the use of motorized two-wheelers and the experience of drunkenness that increase the risk of accident
Fabre, Caroline. "Géographie du commerce et aménagement urbain dans les Alpes-Maritimes : acteurs et stratégies pour le schéma de développement commercial." Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST3024.
Full textThe purpose of this research was to analyze the taking into account of the commercial equipment in the urban development of the particular territory of the Alpes-Maritimes through the elaboration of a departmental document of planning which, imposed at the national level, puts in play local strategies. For a long time, trade remained marginal in urban policies, leaving it under the sole influence of the economic market. However, it is one of the founding elements of the city. French trade urban planning, appearing with Law ROYER of December 27, 1973, posed a national framework in regard to authorization of commercial establishment and planning in response to a national issue of divergence between “small” businesses of downtown areas and “large” businesses of peripheries. In a national context of devolution for the benefit of the local authorities and of urban planning put back on the agenda with law SRU, the Decree n°2002-1369 of November 20, 2002 and the Circular of February 3, 2003 established the methods of development of the trade development plan (SDC) envisaged by Law ROYER. With the publication of these texts of application, the State obliged all the ODEC of France to carry out such a document on a departmental scale. Thus, the Alpes-Maritimes were brought to reflect on this particular urban function hitherto untreated on this scale. A department bordering the Mediterranean and located in the south-west of Europe and the extreme south-east of France, it is next to Ligurie, the bordering Italian province. With more than one million inhabitants, the Alpes-Maritimes surrounds the Principality of Monaco and includes the urban space of Nice of which the influence of its services extends well beyond its perimeter. The natural elements dictated and guided its human establishment which forms a conurbation bordering the Mediterranean. Its specific socio-demographic characteristics and its internationally recognized tourist attraction affect the local commercial equipment. Its mission of development was thus entrusted to the very new structure of coherence of the time as regards regional planning, the Agency of town planning. Helped very narrowly by the CCINCA on the technical aspects, it impelled a partnership dynamics and of dialogue without precedent at the time of the step of elaboration of the document. How this document of planning dedicated to the trade was carried out ? How did it approach the presentation of the commercial reinforcement ? Which positionings had the various actors? Which impact had then on the department ? Lastly, how can it fall under the recent evolution of the national legislative framework ? This analysis is carried out from an original point of view twinning the assets of the application of geographical competences within the professional life and of university geographical research. Different the point-keys from the diagnosis are approached and supplemented in particular by a qualitative approach of space. Thus, the SDC made it possible to highlight the various strategies of commercial development which take shape within the department as well as the positioning of the various implied organizations. Three main consensual trends that are “the trade like economic and tourist development tool”, “a coherent commercial installation on the territory” and “a necessary installation of tools of coherence, follow-up and anticipation” finally emerged. After examination of the diagram draft by the ODEC on July 11, 2005, the Decision n°2005-517 of September 23 of the same year adopted the document over the period 2005-2011. This research thus contributes to the knowledge of an original territory that are the Alpes-Maritimes through a legislative framework imposed at the national level. It takes part by the means of the trade in the definition of individualities and their weight in the regional planning. The integration of commercial trade urban planning in the commun urban planning is moving with the adoption of the Law of Modernization of Economy (LME), raises many questions and opens new prospects for scientific research. It materializes by the insertion of the commercial theme in the SCOT and the PLU. On the other hand, the LME does not make mention with a departmental SDC and repealed the paragraph of the Commercial law which integrates it in the missions of the ODEC. Taking into consideration these legal evolution, it is extremely probable that the SDC will not be reactualized. With the appearance of the SDC, commercial planning in geography was followed and analyzed in a fine way by A. METTON since these last tens of years. Other geographers also invested themselves on these questions. Present research relating to the application of a national legislation at the particular case of the territory of the Alpes-Maritimes thus fits quite naturally in this current of study
Ndayiziga, Honoré. "Territoires et mobilité durable : complexité, acteurs-réseaux et hybridation des pratiques au croisement de l'intelligence territoriale et du développement durable." Thesis, Toulon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUL0002.
Full textWe actually do make, in our PhD research work, a tough choice on studying mobility at the crossroads of Territorial Intelligence Process and Sustainable Mobility through Communication Science sensitive approach with the help of IT (Information Technologies). Because mobility, or absence of, can lead to isolation (may be seclusion) or even exclusion, especially for the most vulnerable people, is a subject of high political and scientific relevance, raising questions and involving processes far beyond the usual and specific questions of transportation (Bonnet, Desjeux, 2000, p. 201). We stress the point about the link between « Territorial Intelligence and Sustainable Mobility » with a focus on shared displacement, goods and people, which means, and can be seen as, a social communication factor and development of territorial equilibrium; We conducted a simultaneous study both in East Africa and Euro Mediterranean space (PACA and Corsica), to recap learned lessons. Bertacchini, Girardot, and Grammacia (2006), shown Territorial Intelligence (IT) as a theory, posture, and bottom-up approach of collective intelligence based on citizen's approach of territorial development. And for that purpose, we underlined the need of action based on analysis of travel needs of residents and how to create new ways of structuring mobility offer through the development of communications suggested by Territorial Intelligence (IT), social cohesion, conviviality, equity, assumptions of IT and with the ability of communication to promote territorial mediation. For local stakeholders mobility is a matter of life and at the crossroads of their daily economic and social life, mobility is an issue with multiple challenges: impact on global warming, rights to mobility, economy development, jobs accessibility, town planning and environment, road safety and public health. The need for mobility can be addressed or even satisfied by several ways, either by responding to the need for mobility, or by providing a response to the mode of mobility. Thus, the transportation sector needs using information technology. These information technologies are studied through numerous ways on mobility and non-mobility, particularly focusing on how reducing physical displacements made necessary and call for the control of greenhouse gas emissions. Information technologies by hybridizing territories, as described within Territorial Intelligence assumptions, can be tools for a comprehensive and sustainable management of territorial displacements
Quintero, Lesmes Doris Cristina. "Las migraciones internas de latinoamericanos en España: evolución, determinantes e impacto territorial." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/299790.
Full textAfter defining internal migration, reviewing the main sources of data for study and identify the different measurement methods, we present an analysis of the evolution of the demographic and geographic patterns of internal migration of Latin Americans in Spain between 1998-2013, from Residential Variation Statistics, the Population Register, Active Population Survey and the Census of Population of 2001 and 2011 in Spain. In the first part of the study, we show the results from a descriptive demographic analysis that lets you see the changes in internal migration of Latin Americans in Spain in two types of flows (intra and inter) in intensity and timing, before and after the economic crisis. Secondly, we present a territorial analysis that explores the effect produced by the new economic context on geographic patterns and internal migration balances at the provincial level. Finally, in a third part empirically evaluates the variables of context and the individual, which determined that a Latin American decides to move from one province to other having as reference group for Spanish. These three analyzes allowed to establish the travel of internal migration and the intensity of the flows of Latin Americans in Spain from different approaches as well as the influence that the economic crisis on them. Consequently, the role of Latin American internal migration in Spain was growing and contributed to the overall increase in population mobility, creating a new internal migration pattern clearly defined by the economic situation that Spain suffered between 1998 and 2013, demarcated into three periods: "Arrival from abroad (1998 - 2002)"; "consolidation or immigration boom (2003- 2007)"; and the last period beginning in 2008 at the hands of the "economic crisis". They are defined migratory spaces and very localized provinces having high connectivity: Before the economic crisis are Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Alicante, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Baleares, Sevilla; and after the crisis, Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Toledo, Guadalajara, Tarragona, Vizcaya, Álava, Guipúzcoa, La Rioja. Changes in the intensity of internal migration made by Latin Americans are higher than the intensity of the native population and tripling the number of moves made by Spanish. The results of the contextual analysis indicates that the most important factors in explaining the variation of migration flows are the distance in kilometers, the stock of residents in the province of destination and the percentage of population aged between 20-49 years. In the individual approach, the determinants were housing tenure and length of residence.
Chaddad, Rita. "Les Mobilités Culturelles et Touristiques comme Moyen de Développement Territorial : Les Cas de Byblos et de Baalbek au Liban." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAH021.
Full textStimulating for the investigation of cultural and tourism mobilities and territorial disparities. The post-war period attests to the emergence of community cultures and the development of modalities of intercultural interactions based on the degree of similarity between local communities’ and visitors’ cultural dimensions, and is characterized by territorial development subject to community interests and political interventions. This dissertation investigates and compares locals/visitors interactions and territorial cultural systems between two Lebanese cities each with a distinct predominant community: Byblos of Christian majority and Baalbek of Muslim majority. Discourse analysis of multi-level stakeholders reveal conspicuous disparities between the two cities. The unanimity of Byblos stakeholders on territorial development oriented principally towards the valorization of cultural sites and the development of cultural tourism is countered by a marginal consensus among Baalbek stakeholders. SPSS analysis of 264 and 245 questionnaires distributed respectively via two qualitative surveys on four different categories (locals, Lebanese excursionists, Arab tourists, and international tourists) in Byblos and Baalbek unveils diverse modalities of interactions between locals and distinct categorical visitors in each of the two cities. In contrast to Baalbek, findings manifest considerable territorial governance among multi-level stakeholders, local communities, and visitors of Byblos, which in turn interprets the dynamic territorial development in the city. The dissertation emphasizes the contribution of communitarianism to locals/visitors interactions, approaches intercultural interaction in conditions of equality between the two interacting groups and adopts a socio-anthropological perspective to elucidate culture, tourism, mobility, and governance as pillars of territorial development.Keywords: Culture, locals/visitors interactions, communitarianism, tourism, intercultural interaction, mobilities, stakeholders, territorial governance, territorial development, Byblos, Baalbek, Lebanon
Brès, Antoine. "Inscription territoriale des mobilités et riveraineté des voies : faire halte aujourd'hui." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010623.
Full textVogli, Astrit <1983>. "Il diritto alla mobilita' fra dimensione europea, costituzioni statali e autonomie territoriali." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7092/1/VOGLI_ASTRIT_TESI.pdf.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is to offer a logical systematic reconstruction of the legal framework that regulates the local public transportation in Regional, Sate and European community and on the main issues of interpretation and coordination that they pose. In the first chapter, we discuss the historical development of the national legislation that regulates the local public transportation, focusing especially on the reform of local public transportation introduced by D.lgs. n. 422/1997. Particular attention has been paid to planning and financing as well as the administration of local public transportation, because the applicable legal framework is characterized by extreme complexity due to the numerous legislative interventions. In the second chapter is analyzed the evolution of the Community intervention in the field of local public transportation, starting from the Regulatino (EEC) N. 1191/69 which merely regulated state aid, up to the framework legislation for the sector (Regulation (EC) no. 1370/2007). The obbjective is to verify if the choices of the Italian legislature, regards to the management of local public transportation can be said to be consistent with the choices at Community level provided for in Regulation (EC) N. 1370/2007. It also addresses the issue of the joint legislative powers and administrative sector of local public transportation in the provisions of 5th Title of the Constitution. The study focuses primarily on the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court to draw a clear identification of the distribution of powers between the state and the regions in the field. Finally in the last part, examines the various issues of interpretation and application of the rules governing the sector of TPL, due to the zeroing of the general regulations of local public services of economic importance following the recall referendum of June 12th 2011 and June 13th 2011.
Vogli, Astrit <1983>. "Il diritto alla mobilita' fra dimensione europea, costituzioni statali e autonomie territoriali." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7092/.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is to offer a logical systematic reconstruction of the legal framework that regulates the local public transportation in Regional, Sate and European community and on the main issues of interpretation and coordination that they pose. In the first chapter, we discuss the historical development of the national legislation that regulates the local public transportation, focusing especially on the reform of local public transportation introduced by D.lgs. n. 422/1997. Particular attention has been paid to planning and financing as well as the administration of local public transportation, because the applicable legal framework is characterized by extreme complexity due to the numerous legislative interventions. In the second chapter is analyzed the evolution of the Community intervention in the field of local public transportation, starting from the Regulatino (EEC) N. 1191/69 which merely regulated state aid, up to the framework legislation for the sector (Regulation (EC) no. 1370/2007). The obbjective is to verify if the choices of the Italian legislature, regards to the management of local public transportation can be said to be consistent with the choices at Community level provided for in Regulation (EC) N. 1370/2007. It also addresses the issue of the joint legislative powers and administrative sector of local public transportation in the provisions of 5th Title of the Constitution. The study focuses primarily on the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court to draw a clear identification of the distribution of powers between the state and the regions in the field. Finally in the last part, examines the various issues of interpretation and application of the rules governing the sector of TPL, due to the zeroing of the general regulations of local public services of economic importance following the recall referendum of June 12th 2011 and June 13th 2011.
Talpo, Ewerton. "Chapadas dos gerais: veredas da modernização. Um estudo sobre mobilidade do trabalho e migrações no processo de modernização. Apontamentos e atualidade do trabalho no sertão dos gerais - região centro-oeste do estado de Minas Gerais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-10062015-154137/.
Full textThe present study is to investigate the forms assumed by labor mobility resulting from changes in regional dynamics at the time of transition to the second half of the twentieth century in Brazil, highlighting the actions of the developmental state of post-war and its consequences under the intervention of the military government of the 1970s, their spatial implications in the midwestern region of the state of Minas Gerais. Accordingly, we seek to embrace the particular relevance of these changes in the work and the establishment of a migrant population in the mining Midwest, specifically in the towns of Três Marias, Corinto and the Morro da Garça. The possibility of building a relationship between the particular and the general in modern society in geographic research is a guiding element of the investigation of this research. For this purpose we present here a qualitative research through interviews and records of accounts of the lives of residents and migrants in the cities studied, the migrant experience and their spatial perspective.
Drissi, Ezeddine. "Mobilité spatio-temporelle des centres décisionnaires : Recompositions territoriale et fonctionnelle. Le cas de Tunis." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR1GEO5.
Full textIn a context of globalisation and international competition between metropolises, the mobility of economic activities has political, economical and spatial stakes. A particular, intensive and selective type of mobility – the mobility of decision-making centers – has left its mark on the dynamics of the city of Tunis. This research seeks to extend the urban dynamics approach, starting from the analysis of “decisional mobility”, a process that it is considered to animate urban areas and is thus a key to decoding territorial and functional restructuring. Results showed large contrasts in spatial behaviour between the “fluidity” of some centers and the “viscosity” of others. The Geography of flows (intensity and orientation) reveals a hierarchical organisation and a dissimilarity of urban sub-spaces : attractive and repulsive zones. We can see that, over the past 50 years, Tunis does not grow in the conventional way around a single CBD; instead, a polycentric model emerges progressively. With regard to the preferences of decision-makers, as revealed by their spatial choices, we note that a system of qualitative and subjective factors (such as prestigious location, environment quality, urban context, symbolic value, etc. ) prevail over a rational logic. Finally, it is useful to emphasize the conjunction of “mobility transition” and evolutionary environment effects. Based on frequency analysis of transfers that occurred between1956-2006, we demonstrated that embedded micro and macro-scale forces (economic policies) trigger four mobility stages
Delebarre, Agathe. "Mobilités périurbaines, diversification modale et nouvelle dynamique institutionnelle : quelles mutations dans la gouvernance et l’offre de mobilité pour plus d’équité dans les territoires périurbains des villes moyennes des Régions Bretagne et Hauts-de-France ?" Thesis, Littoral, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020DUNK0564.
Full textThe peri-urban space of medium-sized towns is marked by self-car-mobility, with a limited mobility option offer, and is a source of inequity for non-motorized or poorly-motorized people in a context of increased concentration of the role of urban centers. This sparsely populated area was still largely fragmented about metropolitan government structure, with a strong segmentation of jurisdictions. The NOTRe and MAPTAM laws have brought significant changes since January 2017, leading to a rise in the mobility jurisdictions of new conurbation communities and a strengthening of the Region's government as a leader in regional mobility. It is therefore questionable whether, in a peri-urban city of medium-sized towns, produced and dominated by car-mobility and self-car-mobility, whether these recent reforms are driving force behind a renewal and diversification of the mobility offer in these diffuse and low-density territories, allowing for better territorial equity?
Gagnière, Vincent. "Tensions socio-économiques et territoriales sur la mobilité quotidienne en Île-de-France : éléments de réponse du système ferroviaire." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010614/document.
Full textThis research aims at identifying the prospective strains on car use in the Paris region, testing the response capacity of the rail system. Strain analysis is based on the data of prospective studies on car use, and territorial and societal determinants. A combination of these elements leads to an effective strain, between energy and environmental moderating factors, determinants partly in favor of car use, and flawed technological solutions. These strains can already be felt. Two approaches are used to analyze the potential alternatives to rail. The first one compares car and rail accessibility, today and by 2020. A typology of railway stations is then produced according to their services and distances from Paris. The question of the rail network capacity must also be raised. It is tackled at a comprehensive network scale, but also at the levels of trains and stations by comparing how supply and demand will change by 2030. The approach points out where and when railway networks may be potentially saturated. Both approaches lead to an assessment of territorial planning policies in the Paris region. They make it possible to question the role of stakeholders, especially in the rail market, within this system
Vassas, Toral Anaïs. "Ruralité et agriculture au prisme des mobilités spatiales. L’Altiplano Sud de la Bolivie à l’heure du boom de la quinoa." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30049.
Full textResponding to a new food market demand, the Southern Altiplano region of Bolivia has become the world’s largest exporterof quinoa, a traditional food of Andean populations, now consumed in many countries in the North. This thesis investigatesthe changes induced by the transition from subsistence agriculture to family‐based export agriculture, with a particular focus on the spatial mobility of the populations and its relation to the profound changes experienced by this region.Reconstruction through life narratives of the biographies of 170 people originating from 5 rural communities facilitated areframing of the quinoa boom in the context of the residential, professional and circulatory histories of the populations.Through study of the links between mobility, agricultural dynamics, and local resource management, this study demonstrates i) the great reactivity of the families and communities facing the demands of new production systems, ii) theemergence of multiple forms of social agreements, iii) the plasticity of the livelihood territories revealed by various practicesof mobility and pluriactivity based on a reticular socio‐spatial organization connecting the city and the countryside.However, in this region of fragile environment and harsh climate conditions, the resurgence of interest in agriculturalactivities, precipitating the return of many migrants and the emergence of multiple actors, is accompanied by hugepressures on land resources, social tensions and a risk of environmental degradation, calling into question the crucial issue of the sustainable management of the region
Garola, Àlvar. "Infraestructures i gestió de la mobilitat : aspectes econòmics, territorials i rendibilitat social." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665219.
Full textAquesta tesi doctoral analitza l'impacte de la creació i posada en marxa de les infraestructures de transport, concretament eixos viaris de gran capacitat, sobre el territori i el benestar de la població, amb un enfocament marginal: es proposen diverses millores sobre les metodologies habituals. Primer s’analitzen aspectes macroeconòmics a partir de la regionalització de les taules input-output a nivell comarcal i l’aplicació de metodologies shift-share i d’anàlisi de la base productiva i empresarial a escala local, per copsar els canvis produïts per la posada en marxa d’una infraestructura de transport. En la taula input-output es determinen els impactes comarcals partint de coeficients de localització de la base productiva amb una metodologia iterativa. Així s’obté el repartiment dels impactes de posar en marxa una infraestructura entre l’economia local, la catalana i fora de Catalunya. Aquest és l’impacte mínim, doncs no inclou factors relacionats amb distància o amb les relacions interproductives en l’àmbit local, que es deixen com a recerca futura. L’anàlisi shift-share és difícil d’aplicar de forma genèrica i es fa a casos particulars. Les variacions en la base empresarial i productiva expliquen, en gran part, com es traslladen els efectes sobre l’economia local de la posada en marxa d’una infraestructura. Ara bé, atès que els beneficis econòmics depenen de l’actitud dels agents econòmics locals, és important que les inversions en infraestructures vagin associades a mesures d’acompanyament en l’àmbit econòmic. La segona part de la tesi analitza aspectes microeconòmics, incloent la valoració monetària de les funcions ambientals perdudes pel canvi d’usos del sòl, en lloc de les expropiacions (que no deixen de ser una transferència entre l’Administració i el propietari del sòl) dins l’anàlisi cost-benefici. Les tècniques de valoració d’intangibles permeten monetitzar aquestes funcions ambientals, contribuint a que l’anàlisi costbenefici reflecteixi millor els resultats sobre el benestar social. Finalment, es valora la privacitat en termes monetaris, a través dels descomptes en els peatges als vehicles d’alta ocupació (3 ó més ocupants), que impliquen l’ús d’una càmera d’alta sensibilitat per a detectar els ocupants. Aquests mecanismes de control a través de càmeres de vídeo o de fotografies, són habituals dins el concepte d’smart mobility, i estan provocant interessants debats sobre possible coartació de la privacitat. La tesi mesura aquesta privacitat en base a enquestes, un aspecte innovador i que pot ser rellevant en el futur. El document es tanca amb conclusions globals i recerca futura
Esta tesis doctoral analiza el impacto de la creación y puesta en marcha de las infraestructuras de transporte, concretamente ejes viarios de gran capacidad, sobre el territorio y el bienestar de la población, con un enfoque marginal: se proponen varias mejoras sobre las metodologías habituales. Primero se analizan aspectos macroeconómicos a partir de la regionalización de las tablas input-output a nivel comarcal y la aplicación de metodologías shift-share y de análisis de la base productiva y empresarial a escala local, para captar los cambios producidos por la puesta en marcha de una infraestructura de transporte. En la tabla input-output se determinan los impactos comarcales partiendo de coeficientes de localización de la base productiva con una metodología iterativa. Así se obtiene el reparto de los impactos de poner en marcha una infraestructura entre la economía local, la catalana y fuera de Cataluña. Este es el impacto mínimo, pues no incluye factores relacionados con distancia o con las relaciones interproductivas en el ámbito local, que se dejan como investigación futura. El análisis shift-share es difícil de aplicar de forma genérica y se refiere a casos particulares. Las variaciones en la base empresarial y productiva explican, en gran parte, como se trasladan los efectos sobre la economía local de la puesta en marcha de una infraestructura. Dado que los beneficios económicos dependen de la actitud de los agentes económicos locales, es importante que las inversiones en infraestructuras vayan asociadas a medidas de acompañamiento en el ámbito económico. La segunda parte de la tesis analiza aspectos microeconómicos, incluyendo la valoración monetaria de las funciones ambientales perdidas por el cambio de usos del suelo, en lugar de las expropiaciones (que no dejan de ser una transferencia entre la Administración y el propietario del suelo) dentro del análisis costebeneficio. Las técnicas de valoración de intangibles permiten monetizar estas funciones ambientales, contribuyendo a que el análisis coste-beneficio refleje mejor los resultados sobre el bienestar social. Finalmente, se valora la privacidad en términos monetarios, a través de los descuentos en los peajes a los vehículos de alta ocupación (3 o más ocupantes), que implican el uso de una cámara de alta sensibilidad para detectar los ocupantes. Estos mecanismos de control a través de cámaras de vídeo o de fotos, son habituales dentro del concepto de smart mobility, y están provocando interesantes debates sobre posible coartación de la privacidad. La tesis mide esta privacidad en base a encuestas, un aspecto innovador y que puede ser relevante en el futuro. El documento finaliza con conclusiones globales e investigaciones futuras.
Franz, Norbert, and Rüdiger Kunow. "Mobilität und Reflexion : zur Entkoppelung von territorialer und kultureller Identität ; eine Einführung." Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5730/.
Full textFerri, carreres Natividad. "Les minorités, l'espace et le droit : Indiens et Morisques dans la configuration territoriale de l'Empire Ibérique." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC022/document.
Full textHow does a monarch exercise his power over two geographically distant territories, both populated by juridical minorities? This thesis intends to carry out a comparative study of the way in which the Hispanic Monarchy exercised political control, and in particular territorial mobility control, over the Morisco minority in the Kingdom of Valencia and the Peruvian Indian minority during the 16th century.This research will show the important role of controlling the territorial mobility of those minorities as the monarchical instrument for reaching its political, social and economic goals in each territory. The analysis of these objectives, based in large part on the legislative rulings of that era, infers that the Moriscos and the Peruvian Indians endured a differentiated control due to the political, social and economic context that prevailed in each of the territories they occupied. Nevertheless, this work reveals the will of the monarchical power in displacing and alienating these minorities from the coasts or grouping them in distant villages, in order to better confine and control them. Paradoxically, it is found that such control ends in creating “undesirable” effects, such as escapes and other forms of resistance
Licaj, Idlir. "Inégalités sociales et territoriales de mobilité et d'accidents corporels de la route chez les jeunes." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00860926.
Full textLicaj, Idlir. "Inégalités sociales et territoriales de mobilité et d’accidents corporels de la route chez les jeunes." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10065/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to measure the influence of individual and contextual socioeconomic factors in daily travel, traffic injury incidences and severity of injuries when it comes to young persons of under 25 years of age in France. Original analyses were made using the following databases: the Rhône road trauma Registry, the Lyon Household Travel Survey 2005-2006 (HTS) and an epidemiological case-control survey conducted during the thesis. Except for casualties of motorized two-wheeler crash incidences for the different categories of road users (motorists, cyclists, roller-skate users and pedestrians) were generally higher among the inhabitants of deprived municipalities. Depending on categories of road users huge gender differences were also observed. The effects of socioeconomic factors on injury severity, individual and contextual socioeconomic differences in the use of modes of transport (daily travel), car ownership and access to driver’s license were also studied. The case-control study allows the investigation to focus simultaneously on injuries, daily travel and intermediate-risk factors such as risk behaviors factors of young people. The recognition of social inequalities in daily travel and traffic injuries allow focusing prevention campaigns on the existence of higher risk areas and groups
Garreton, Matias. "Inégalités de mobilité dans le Grand Santiago et la région Ile-de-France : politiques de logement, des transports et gouvernance métropolitaine." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1178/document.
Full textOur era is characterized by unprecedented global challenges that require a critical review and a reformulation of the principles of social and economic organization, particularly in the field of urban planning. The concentration of population in major conurbations, their growing segregation and their ecological footprint, stress the importance of adapting metropolitan institutions. Within this large field of research, this thesis focuses on the problem of inequalities of residential location and daily travel, and on the limits of public action to address these challenges. Thus, we develop the hypothesis that the accumulation of residential and travel handicaps constitute a form of social injustice that could be objectified by quantitative measures at a mesosocial level. The ethical corollary of this observation in terms of public action leads us to propose a complementary hypothesis. Indeed, mitigation of urban inequalities would require institutions having the capacity to coordinate various sectoral policies, with territorial coherence and in response to social demands. These two hypotheses are articulated in a dialectical argument that develops operative concepts and methodologies for the study of the right to the city, which we conceive as a synthesis of socio-economic and political empowerment. In particular, urban mobility is defined in this work as the interweaving practices of residential location and daily travel at the household level. This set of capabilities is necessary for the blooming of citizens, but the unjust connotation of differences measured by this kind statistics is difficult to demonstrate. Thus, the main objective of this thesis is the development and application of a methodology for quantitative analysis at the metropolitan level, capable to assert if there is or not an unfair limitation of urban mobility for a certain social group. With this purpose, we analyze four complementary indicators, each measuring a different dimension of space-time tradeoffs at household level. This are: the daily use of time, travel and housing efforts, accessibility to jobs and other destinations, and utility of urban mobility. In sum, simultaneous disadvantages among these measures would suggest that some social groups are deprived of adjustment mechanisms that would allow them to benefit from urban resources, what we qualify as being unfair. In particular, we show that the effect of social policies in Ile-de-France seems to be antagonized by the extension of its urban area, attaining levels of socio-spatial inequalities close to those observed in Greater Santiago, where redistributive mechanisms are extremely weak. This convergence emphasizes the importance of analyzing the limits of metropolitan governance systems to resolve such inequities. This issue is addressed by the observation of two recent public controversies, the implementation of Transantiago and the debates around the Grand Paris, and by the study of the evolution of planning instruments. This institutional analysis is based on a synthesis of the rules and resources of public action, and on interviews with experts and authorities. In both study cases and by different mechanisms, there would be failures of representation for vulnerable groups in the arenas of metropolitan governance, thus contributing to the widening socio-spatial inequalities. Finally, guaranteeing the right to the city in the Greater Santiago and the Ile -de- France would require complementary technical and policy innovations. These could be implemented in a mesosocial level, aiming for the improvement of urban mobility and political representation of vulnerable households, according to the specificities of each sub-metropolitan territory
Terrier, Eugénie. "Mobilités et expériences territoriales des étudiants internationaux en Bretagne : interroger le rapport mobilités spatiales - inégalités sociales à partir des migrations étudiantes." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00458198.
Full textPham, Truong Giang. "Les compétences spécifiques territoriales : lien invisible entre les entreprises, les actifs et le territoire." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCG005/document.
Full textSpatial mobility is put forward as a solution to the economic changes impacting rural and urban areas (their economic sectors, companies and ultimately, their workers). On the one hand, the need to resolve the problem of unemployment and to meet the labour needs of businesses are two drivers of this mobility, and on the other hand, the viscosity factors of the labor market and in particular territorial anchorage situations are regarded as anomalies. The aim of public policy management is then to solve these anomalies by implementing measures promoting mobility, essentially providing workers with the most general skills, with the idea of securing career paths through greater mobility.In this context, the integration or “anchoring” of workers in a particular area or “territory” is difficult to understand and the specification of skills linked to an area is considered a strategic mistake. However, it turns out that despite the measures in favor of an increasing mobility, many workers still prefer to stay where they are rather than leave their area, preferring the risk of suffering a period of unemployment or even accepting a job that does not match their qualifications. In addition to this, companies seem to look for specific skills such as trust or reputation, which are related to a form of territorial integration.The aim of this thesis is to shed light on this apparent contradiction, assuming that this situation of territorial integration maintains itself for positive and valid economic and social reasons. Indeed, by combining the specificity of the skills observed and the territorial aspect of the economy, we are seeking to identify skills that are specific to an area, which, in our opinion, explain the relationships between companies, their human resources and the area itself.In this thesis, we will try to establish empirically the existence of these specifically “territorial” skills, which are have been foreseen in the literature.As part of regional economics, this thesis is based on the theory of labor market segmentation and we have borrowed one of its special characteristics, namely the skill segmentation described in Becker's human capital theory (1964).Specification by human resources is not an anomaly but the outcome of a market functioning “normally”. Thus, in general, the specification of workers and by extension of their skills can be explained as a source of competitive advantage for companies according to resource-based theory (Penrose, 1959).This study is based on three levels of data : a database of 213 Territorial Employment Initiatives from the Ministry of Labor, an analysis of the area of Figeac, from a observing-participating position, and a series of interviews carried out in the areas of Langres and South Alsace.In terms of results, we implemented and tested an identification method that revealed three specific territorial competences: the competence of anticipation of the territory's market, the relational competence specific to the territory and the competence of detection and use of local skills.Each of these skills is a combination of basic individual skills which enable the development of an economic activity specific to the company and connected to the area it is in. Alongside these skills, we have also identified in these various areas the collective competence of territorial development.These skills were analyzed in the context of their territories. Thus, in terms of local public policy, this research will make it possible to better specify the territories for companies and local players. It will also provide an answer in terms of securing career paths
Roussot, Adrien. "Hospitalisations de patients en Bourgogne et dans neuf autres régions métropolitaines, analyse territoriale des flux interrégionaux à partir de la base nationale du PMSI-MCO." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOL030/document.
Full textIntroduction / presentation of the context : The creation of ARS (Regional Healthcare Agencies) was accompanied by the regionalized organization of healthcare. Even though the administrative procedures for dividing the country into areas for healthcare coverage are well known, we propose a geographic analysis of the reasons why patients attend one hospital rather than another, which seem to escape the logic used by the authorities.Methods employed and sources of data : Using the PMSI-MCO, we studied the flow of patients living in one region to hospitals in other regions according to ten reasons for visiting hospitals. The analysis was completed by a cartographic analysis, which related the flow to different geographical and historical divisions in Burgundy and in nine other test regions.Main results : The cartography of hospital flow in Burgundy and for each test region showed that the choices made by patients were often coherent with regard to the limits that we used. Our results indicate that regional administrative boundaries do not always create homogeneous territories. For each test region, invisible boundaries appear. They stem from historical sedimentation and were shaped by numerous geographic dynamics.Discussion/ConclusionGeography makes it easier to understand hospital flow, which escapes the logic of current regional administrative planning. Now, with the creation of new super-regions, geography appears to be an essential tool to establish more pragmatic healthcare coverage
Agostini, Sabrina Harris. "Estrutura espacial urbana e mobilidade: o caso da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-29102015-092157/.
Full textSao Paulo Metropolitan Area is the largest and most important urban agglomeration of Brazil and is among the ten largest urban areas in the world. However, the way spatial accessibility occurs generates a burden on the population and economic activity. This work aims to contribute to the discussion of how to improve accessibility in the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area by studying the characteristics and impacts of urban spatial structures, critically analyzing the spatial structure of the metropolis and providing suggestions for improvements to provide a more sustainable mobility. The methodological procedures include a literature review on the topic and a characterization of the spatial structure of the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area, including allocation of jobs and population, and trip patterns for individual, mass, and non-motorized transport modes. We provide na overview of the evolution of the spatial structure of São Paulo from 1997 to 2012, and a deeper analysis with data from 2007. Cities are developed based the trade-off between proximity and mobility: in order to maximize interaction, people and companies tend to locate where the displacement required to perform these interactions requires less financial costs, loss of time, and discomfort. This process shapes the spatial allocation of activities, which partially defines the travel behavior. The urban spatial structure can be characterized by its scale (compact or disperse), densities arrangement (dispersed or clustered) and activity arrangement (monocentric or polycentric). Compact spatial structures provide lower travel distances, reducing the environmental impact of travel and enabling mass and non-motorized transport. It also leads to a more efficient use of land, lower costs of infrastructure and greater equity in access to transportation. Clustered polycentric structures are associated with cheaper land. There is a debate about the ability of polycentric structures to bring jobs and homes together. São Paulo Metropolitan Area presents a monocentric pattern in the metropolitan scale, with strong commuting from the periphery to central areas. During the period of analysis, a reallocation of the population to more central areas of the city and a centralization of jobs even stronger was observed, resulting in the aggravation of commuting patterns. There is a clear modal split by income: the upper classes use mostly cars, while the v lower classes use mainly mass and non-motorized transport. For the future, the new master plan has the merit of moving in the direction of urban development oriented by sustainable transport, but the permitted maximum density levels are also similar to the previous plan and the width of the density axis is restricted. We believe it is advantageous to: increase the density in areas near employment zones; creation of density modes in areas close to transportation; and discouragement of density in areas with low accessibility. It is also important the provision of infrastructure for non-motorized and intermodal trips, and management of negative impacts of densification.
Borges, Carina Prata. "As trajetórias dos brasileiros a caminho de Dublin. Mobilidade territorial, fronteira e narrativas." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2018. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/6765.
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Apesar de o termo migração ser assunto constante e acalorado entre políticos e direitos humanos, cientistas e mídia; a temática ainda é desafiadora às ciências, inclusive à Geografia. Este trabalho é fruto de questões e curiosidades gestadas no empirismo da experiência pessoal, umbilicalmente enlaçadas aos processos componentes do fenômeno da mobilidade territorial de trabalhadores brasileiros para Dublin, em sua concretude o fluxo de migração internacional. Os problemas basilares desta dissertação também se relacionam com outros fluxos da mobilidade do trabalho. Portanto, no desenvolver da pesquisa sobre os “por quês?” da intensificação e circularidade dos movimentos migratórios internacionais, o âmbito “micro” relativo ao sujeito também se fez importante, para que os fatores objetivos e subjetivos, em sua relação dialética, dessem conta da realidade complexa. Em meio a análise dos grupos nas redes sociais e das entrevistas realizadas, uma questão se destacou: a naturalização e internalização das condições da mobilidade do trabalho e da máxima do Estado como acolhedor e benfeitor pelos próprios imigrantes. Diante dessas colocações, buscamos discorrer sobre a alteridade do sujeito migrante ao transitar pela seletividade da fronteira, da naturalização da sua condição enquanto o outro e da legitimidade dada às ações praticadas pelos agentes de controle da fronteira. O fio de Ariadne que escolhemos para nos conduzir por esse labirinto de questões foi o conceito de território, fronteira e a alteridade em conjunto com o “rastreamento” espacial - histórico das migrações.
Although the term migration is a constant topic among politicians and human rights, scientists and the media; a theme is still challenging to the sciences, including Geography. This work is the result of questions and curiosities gestated in the empiricism of personal experience, umbilically linked to various processes that are part of the phenomenon of territorial mobility of Brazilian workers to Dublin, in its concreteness of international flow. The basic problems of this dissertation are also related to other flows of work mobility. On the developing research of "whys" of the intensification and circularity of international migratory movements, the individuals related to the subject also became relevant, to compose that objective and subjective factors are related dialectically. Amid the analysis of the groups in social networks and the interviews conduced, a prominent question jump up: the naturalization of the conditions of labor mobility and the state maxim as a welcome and well-being by the immigrants themselves. Faced with these positions, we seek to discuss the otherness of the migrant subject when crossing the border selectivity, the naturalization of this action and the legitimacy given to the actions practiced by the agents of control of the border. The Ariadne’s line that we have chosen to lead us through this labyrinth of information is the notion of territory, frontier and otherness together with the spatial - historical tracking of migrations
Saint-Amand, Pascale. "L'adéquation d'un système de transport aux systèmes territoriaux méditerranéens : pour une mobilité durable. Modélisations et aide à la décision." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00565919.
Full textSeneh, Khadijetou. "SYSTEME TERRITORIAL ET DEVELOPPEMENT : Impact de la route Nouakchott-Nouadhibou sur le Parc National du Banc d'Arguin." Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00707044.
Full textTimera, Aly Sada. "Les politiques urbaines face à l’habitat précaire à Dakar : Géohistoire des mobilités résidentielles, normes institutionnelles et pratiques populaires de l’espace." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC157.
Full textThe configuration and functioning of Dakar area are marked by a permanent confrontation between the "institutional norms" and the popular modes of production and consumption of the urban space.The main objective of this work is to analyze the way in which the urban space of Dakar is being developed and built, and more especially the modes of production of residential spaces and how they are shaped by contradictory logics and differentiated actors strategies. The geo-history of urban construction in Dakar, which has served us as a framework, shows that the construction of the Senegalese capital is part of a constant struggle between actors for the appropriation of spatio-territorial resources. These latter are marked by the rejection and the progressive exclusion of social groups that have economically been fragile and whose residential ascendancies, which have often been violently liberated, have been reallocated to social actors with higher incomes.In front of this segregationist policy, a rigorous resistance of the popular social groups is developed and has finally imposed its forms and modalities of spatial consumption becoming dominant so as to produce an urbanity characteristic of a city-specific physiognomic identity.The state has developed, a politico - administrative recovery strategy has been expressed on political plan through the deepening of decentralization with the creation of borough communes covering the era of irregular zones, institutionalized in full - Act III of decentralization.The redeployment of the State is also reflected in the dynamics of making new-territories that it generates with the operations of Restructuring and land Regularization in particular. It is a technical-urbanistic control company which aims a physical and socio-economic integration of the irregular districts to the "legal city".Indeed, the imperative of politico-administrative control (decentralization / devolution) and the technical-urbanist harmonization (land restructuring / regularization) of the city are part of a wider field which aims at expanding the market and consolidating it.It thus appears that by claiming to fight against the territorial exclusions and inequalities, the RRF projects reproduce them in a renewed form, as a field of preparation for the expansion of the market in the informality territories
Schnee, David. "Attraction et concentration : vers un polycentrisme intégrateur : éléments d'analyse et de prospective appliqués au cas de la Gironde." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0119/document.
Full textBy seeking to identify the centralities of a territory, one has to take into account the ongoing evolution of the spatial structuration. The strong employment increase, together with the slowdown of people working in the town they live (i.e. “stables”), triggers a transition in the centrality-mobility relation. The new urban organisation modes result from the spatial distribution of employment concentration as well as the intensification of commuting. These two variables will be retained in order to characterise the Gironde’s communes, through a new nomenclature called Areas of Multi-commune Cohesion (AMC). Planning issues that ensued from the AMCs lead to a prospective approach structured by Transport/Urbanism co-development. Indeed, urbanisation scenarii are subject to uncontrolled and autonomous development. By anticipating transport planning strategies, decision makers can limit the uncertainty related to the real urbanisation consequences. The main issue lies in defining the conditions of a multipolar development of Gironde county. This would enable to support the territorial integration process, while loosening land constraints around Bordeaux agglomeration
Mendes, Mariana Fernandes. "A mobilidade territorial dos trabalhadores da construÃÃo civil na produÃÃo da verticalizaÃÃo no bairro Aldeota em Fortaleza." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2341.
Full textA partir da dÃcada de 1970, o processo de ocupaÃÃo do bairro Aldeota se deu de forma vertiginosa, tendo em vista que se constituiu numa nova centralidade no cenÃrio urbano de Fortaleza. Deste perÃodo em diante, a Aldeota passou por um verdadeiro processo de transformaÃÃo mediatizado pelo capital imobiliÃrio que se apropriou da forma de usar e ocupar o solo a partir do processo de verticalizaÃÃo. A proliferaÃÃo dos prÃdios foi preponderante para a constituiÃÃo de comÃrcios e condomÃnios de alto padrÃo. Desta forma o bairro passou a ser atrativo para a classe trabalhadora, sobretudo para os trabalhadores da construÃÃo civil, à medida que se tornou cada vez mais necessÃrio à contrataÃÃo destes operÃrios para erguerem prÃdios que fazem parte do processo de verticalizaÃÃo que sinaliza uma metrÃpole moderna repleta de sÃmbolos verticais. Estes trabalhadores vÃo a Aldeota todos os dias e retornam para os mais variados bairros perifÃricos de Fortaleza onde suas residÃncias se localizam, evidenciando a mobilidade do trabalho. A distÃncia à a forma pela qual o excedente da forÃa de trabalho do trabalhador à apropriado a partir do consumo de mercadorias necessÃrias para sua reproduÃÃo. Esta classe trabalhadora alÃm de realizar longos deslocamentos carece de melhores condiÃÃes de moradia e de trabalho, sobretudo porque o trabalho na construÃÃo civil exige grande esforÃo fÃsico e requer riscos. A lÃgica monopolista desta indÃstria se constitui na prÃpria essÃncia de como a mesma funciona atravÃs de uma grande corporaÃÃo que abrange os trÃs setores: industrial, comercial e à um serviÃo. Entretanto, à o segmento industrial que mais agrega mÃo-de-obra operÃria, porÃm, o saturamento espacial na Aldeota acabou se tornando um paradigma para a construÃÃo de novos prÃdios, evidenciando um novo paradigma. As construtoras que atuaram e atuam no bairro diminuÃram o nÃmero de edificaÃÃes à medida que ocorre um saturamento espacial na Ãrea, visto que outros bairros passaram a ser mais atrativo para a dinÃmica imobiliÃria por desfrutarem de mais espaÃos, como os bairros Meireles e Varjota. O fato à que mesmo que haja uma tendÃncia à diminuiÃÃo das obras no bairro Aldeota, o operariado da construÃÃo civil cresce, pois a cidade continua crescendo em outros sentidos. E nÃo se extingue como algumas abordagens, sobretudo sociolÃgicas, querem fazer crer num possÃvel fim do trabalho. Portanto, a construÃÃo civil na Aldeota passa por uma estagnaÃÃo enquanto os operÃrios estÃo em âconstruÃÃoâ. As edificaÃÃes e as lutas por melhorias sÃo o que constroem.
Since 70âs in 20th century, an astonishing occupation of Aldeotaâs neighborhood made a new centrality in the urban scene of Fortaleza. From this period onward, Aldeota has being transformed by capital property processes which appropriated the forms of use and occupation of space by verticalization. The proliferation of buildings has been predominant for increasing of shops and high standard condominiums. Then Aldeota became a magnet for the working class, especially for construction workers, as soon as necessary for the recruitment of these workers to construct more buildings which are part of the verticalization process that signals a modern metropolis symbols. These workers are going to Aldeota every day and returns to the most varied neighborhoods in Fortaleza where they lives, showing to us the labour mobility. The distance between the home and the job of these workers is the way that the Capitalism uses to get the workerâs powerâs job to itself by the consumption. And also, this working class needs better conditions of housing and work, specially because itâs a risk job and much physical effort to do it. This monopolist industry works through a large corporation that covers the three sectors: industrial, commercial and is a service. Meanwhile, the industrial sector adds more labour-worker, however, the saturate space in Aldeota became a paradigm for the construction of new buildings, showing a new paradigm. The construction work which has acting in the neighborhood has decreased the number of buildings as soon as occurs the space became saturated in the area, given that, another districts has coming more attractive to the momentum building for more enjoyable space, such as Varjota and Meireles. The fact is: even if there is a tendency to decrease construction works in Aldeota, the number of workers in construction grows up as the city continues to grow in other directions. And also do not extinguish some approaches, especially sociological, which want to believe in a possible end of the work. So the Aldeotaâs civil constructing is passing for a stagnant while workers are under "construction". The building and improvements fights are what are they build.
Alberich, González Joan. "La vinculació territorial de la població a Catalunya. Una aproximació a partir del cens de 2001." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4979.
Full textLa investigació parteix de la hipòtesi que la mobilitat creixent de la població determina el fet que assignar les persones únicament al lloc de residència cada vegada té menys sentit, ja que a través dels seus desplaçaments habituals, la població està en contacte amb altres municipis diferents al de residència. A aquest tema està consagrada un part important de la tesi, ja que es fa un repàs exhaustiu a les transformacions demogràfiques i territorials esdevingudes a Catalunya durant el període 1986-2001.
És per motiu ressenyat que la tesi planteja la necessitat de superar aquesta concepció estàtica de la població, basada en l'antiga divisió entre població de dret i població de fet, mitjançant la utilització de dos conceptes relativament nous en geografia de la població com són població vinculada i espai de vida. Els dos conceptes poden ser entesos com dues maneres diferents, però complementàries, d'analitzar el mateix fenomen: la mobilitat de la població. Així, el concepte població vinculada fa referència, des del punt de vista del territori receptor, a tota aquells població que, a pesar de no residir en un territori, manté un cert vincle perquè treballa, estudia o té una segona residència en ell; mentre que l'espai de vida amida, des del punt de vista de les persones, tots aquells llocs freqüentats a partir dels desplaçaments quotidians.
El càlcul de les dues dimensions citades de la mobilitat habitual a Catalunya constitueix l'eix central de la tesi. Així, en primer lloc, s'analitza quin és la població vinculada a cadascun dels 946 municipis catalans, tema que és d'especial interès a l'hora de la planificació urbanística i de certs serveis, ja que permet tenir en compte la població destinatària potencial, ja viva al municipi o no. En segon lloc, es delimita quin és l'espai de vida dels habitants dels habitants de cadascun dels municipis catalans, cosa que permet determinar quin és el grau d'interacció funcional entre territoris i poder delimitar, així, àrees de cohesió o àrees metropolitanes.
Els resultats obtinguts en l'aplicació d'ambdós indicadors apunten a la configuració de Catalunya com una incipient ciutat-regió: un espai funcional únic que tendeix, cada vegada més, a funcionar com un àrea homogènia, més enllà dels límits administratius de les seves diferents parts, entre les quals s'estableix un flux important de persones. Aquestes, en conseqüència, realitzen un ús cada vegada més extensiu del territori, de manera que el lloc de residència habitual perd importància a l'hora de descriure el comportament territorial de la població.
Paraules clau:
Mobilitat habitual, espai de vida, població vinculada, cens de població, Catalunya.
La presente tesis doctoral tiene como objetivo evaluar cuál es el uso del territorio que hacen los habitantes en Cataluña a partir de su movilidad habitual por trabajo y por estudios y la derivada de la disponibilidad de una segunda residencia. Para lograr este objetivo utiliza los datos del censo de 2001, que por primera vez recoge este tipo de información para el conjunto de España.
La investigación parte de la hipótesis que la movilidad creciente de la población determina el hecho que asignar las personas únicamente al lugar de residencia cada vez tiene menos sentido, puesto que a través de sus desplazamientos habituales, la población está en contacto con otros municipios diferentes al de residencia. A este tema está consagrada una parte importante de la tesis, ya que se hace un repaso exhaustivo a las transformaciones demográficas y territoriales acontecidas a Cataluña durante el periodo 1986-2001.
Es por motivo reseñado que la tesis plantea la necesidad de superar esta concepción estática de la población, basada en la antigua división entre población de derecho y población de hecho, mediante la utilización de dos conceptos relativamente nuevos en geografía de la población como son población vinculada y espacio de vida. Los dos conceptos pueden ser entendidos como dos maneras diferentes, pero complementarias, de analizar el mismo fenómeno: la movilidad de la población. Así, el concepto población vinculada hace referencia, desde el punto de vista del territorio receptor, a toda aquellos población que, a pesar de no residir en un territorio, mantiene un cierto vínculo porque trabaja, estudia o tiene una segunda residencia en él; mientras que el espacio de vida mide, desde el punto de vista de las personas, todos aquellos lugares frecuentados a partir de los desplazamientos cotidianos.
El cálculo de las dos dimensiones citadas de la movilidad habitual en Cataluña constituye el eje central de la tesis. Así, en primer lugar, se analiza cuál es la población vinculada a cada uno de los 946 municipios catalanes, tema que es de especial interés a la hora de la planificación urbanística y de ciertos servicios, puesto que permite tener en cuenta la población destinataria potencial, ya viva al municipio o no. En segundo lugar, se delimita cuál es el espacio de vida de los habitantes de los habitantes de cada uno de los municipios catalanes, cosa que permite determinar cuál es el grado de interacción funcional entre territorios y poder delimitar, así, áreas de cohesión o áreas metropolitanas.
Los resultados obtenidos en la aplicación de ambos indicadores apuntan a la configuración de Cataluña como una incipiente ciudad-región: un espacio funcional único que tiende, cada vez más, a funcionar como un área homogénea, más allá de los límites administrativos de sus distintas partes, entre las cuales se establece un flujo importante de personas. Éstas, en consecuencia, realizan un uso cada vez más extensivo del territorio, de modo que el lugar de residencia habitual pierde importancia a la hora de describir el comportamiento territorial de la población.
Palabras clave
Mobilidad habitual, espacio de vida, población vinculada, censo de población, Cataluña.
This thesis aims to assess what is the use of the territory that the inhabitants in Catalonia from their usual mobility for work and studies and derived from the availability of a second residence. To achieve this it uses data from the 2001 census, which for the first time this type of information collected for the whole of Spain.
The hypothesis suggests that the increased mobility of the population determined to give people the only place of residence is increasingly less sense. Thus, through their movements, people are in contact with other than the municipalities of residence. This issue is devoted a significant part of the thesis, which is a comprehensive review of the demographic and territorial changes occurred in Catalonia during the period 1986-2001.
For this reason, the thesis addresses the need to overcome this static conception of the population using two relatively new concepts in geography of population: linked population and living space. The two concepts discussed the same phenomenon: the mobility of the population. Thus, the linked population references, from the viewpoint of the source area, to all those people who, despite not residing in a territory, maintains a certain bond with him. For its part, the living space measured from the point of view of people, all those places frequented from daily.
The calculation of the two aforementioned dimensions of mobility in Catalonia is the usual focus of the thesis. Firstly, we analyze what the linked population to each of the 946 Catalan municipalities. This issue has a particular interest in urban planning and services. Secondly, the thesis defines the living space of the inhabitants of the inhabitants of each of the Catalan municipalities, which can determine the degree of interaction between functional areas and to delimit, and, areas or areas of cohesion metropolitan areas.
The results achieved in the implementation of both indicators point to the configuration of Catalonia as an emerging city-region: a functional space that only tends increasingly to function as a homogeneous area, beyond the administrative boundaries of the different parts. This fact conducted a more extensive use of the territory, so the usual place of residence loses importance when describing the behavior of the territorial population.
Keywords
Daily mobility, living space, linked population, census, Catalonia.
Moura, Geraldo José Calmon de. "Diferenças entre a retórica e a prática na implantação do Metrô de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16139/tde-19122016-151825/.
Full textThe discourse that links transport policies to those of land use and occupation date, in the case of the São Paulo subway, in the 1970s, when the first examples of such equipment were installed in the city, and it was accompanied by the strong impacts and the deep Changes in land use that this infrastructure caused in the environment. However, contrary to current and official discourse, daily practice showed that this integration did not take place as a public policy or, at most, only sought to consider the impacts of real estate valuation as a strategy for capturing / transferring resources from part of this valuation in the neighborhoods Of the subway to finance the expansion of that infrastructure. The present work tries to understand the reasons that motivated this wide difference between the governmental rhetoric and the practice in the processes of implantation of the São Paulo metro network. It also seeks to analyze the reasons that led to the failure of this link, despite the will expressed in the speeches of the public power and the existence, more recently, of technical and urban elements that, in theory, would facilitate the viability of these intentions. To do so, we will analyze over the last four decades, São Paulo\'s subway projects, urban legal framework, urban and transportation plans, comparing the content expressed in the respective formulations with the dynamics that occurred throughout the implementation processes.
Seneh, Khadijetou. "Système territorial et développement : impact de la route Nouakchott-Nouadhibou sur le Parc National du Banc d'Arguin." Le Havre, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LEHA0002.
Full textThe question of transport infrastructures construction is often associated to the issue of territory development policies, especially in developing countries. In a country as Mauritania, immense, arid and mainly inhabited by nomads, transport and mobility constitute a major issue for everyday life. The opening in 2004 of the Nouakchott-Nouadhibou road not only takes on geostrategic, political and socioeconomic dimensions, but also has impacts at three levels: international, national and local. Furthermore, the road gives structure to the Mauritanian space, linking up the two national economic and political capitals. The road lies within the framework of great trans-African road projects, reason of its importance in terms of regional integration. At the local scale, the road runs along the eastern border of the Banc d’Arguin National Park (PNBA). Our surveys’ findings show that this road has brought about organizational changes structured around the question of accessibility. On the one hand, the road has increased the movements of persons inside the protected area (fishermen, herders, sub-Saharan migrants, tourists, etc. ) and at the same time it has accentuated the sedentarization process at the PNBA peripheries, which remains difficult to manage. On the other hand, it has made easier for the local population the access to social services (health, water and education) and to markets. This new spatial dynamic, inside a territory normally dedicated to Nature conservation, is both considered as a source of environment damaging and as a way of socioeconomic development. This contradiction reveals the difficulty to dissociate the “negative” impact of transport on environment from the “positive” one on human living conditions. It also sheds new light on the difficulty to manage the degree of opening and closing of a protected area. In this research, space is apprehended in its social, mental and natural dimensions. In other words, the thesis explores the different fields of public policies, actors’ representations and practices, without forgetting the physical field which constitutes the support of actions
Blaison, Marjorie. "La mise en tourisme d'une station littorale au regard des mobilités intra séjour : le territoire d'Argelès-sur-Mer." Thesis, Perpignan, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PERP0040.
Full textThis thesis studies the evolution of the tourist system with regard to intra stay tourist mobility. Indeed, many changes are at work in terms of consumption logics. In contrast to standardized offers, tourists are more than ever in search of authentic tourist experiences. In hope to satisfy them and sustain their development, territories must adapt. The mobility that takes place during the stay therefore embodies a major development challenge. By reflecting tourism practices, which generally extend over several territories, they give key indications to the actors in charge of tourism development. Although the theme of intra stay mobility is widespread in the scientific literature, no research has paid attention to the mechanisms of reciprocal adjustments that take place between the different actors, which impact the realization of practices. The theoretical frameworks of organizational learning and performance are particularly well suited to understanding these interactions between actors. This thesis therefore proposes to study the organization of tourism activity, in the light of intra stay mobility, at a particularly rich moment in terms of coordination between tourism actors. Argelès-sur-Mer, a seaside resort located in the south of France, in the Occitanie, Pyrénées- Méditerranée region, constitutes the main field of study. This territory is specific because of the majority of campsites. Through a qualitative approach and mixed methods that integrate tourists, professionals and institutional actors, we have been able to contribute to the understanding of the links between tourism practices and actors' strategies allowing to rethink the current organization of tourism
SARNO, FEDERICA. "IDENTIFYING PATTERNS OF MAFIA MOBILITY: THE PRESENCE OF THE ITALIAN MAFIAS IN EUROPE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6118.
Full textResearch on the spatial mobility of Italian mafias has frequently adopted a narrow approach, focusing on only one type of mafia or a single country. The few studies with a broader perspective do not examine in detail how different mafias operate across different countries. This study addresses these gaps by providing a first comprehensive analysis of the presence of Cosa Nostra, the Camorra and the 'Ndrangheta across Europe, with the aim of identifying patterns of mafia mobility. The study combines different data sources and different levels of analysis. Drawing from official reports, it firstly maps the spread of the Italian mafias in Europe and identifies the main characteristics of their presence abroad. Secondly, it focuses on three country case studies and, based on expert interviews, compares how different mafias operate across different countries. The results show that country-related and activity-related characteristics prevail over organizational ones in determining patterns of mafia mobility. Italian mafias concentrate in a few European countries and in specific areas within a country. Drug trafficking is the most recurrent feature of their presence abroad. The 'Ndrangheta is the only mafia which has a structured presence in Europe, although it does not reproduce its structures in all foreign countries.
Magrini, Marie-Benoît. "Mobilité géographique des jeunes en insertion professionnelle, entre distance et proximité territoriale : contribution à l'étude de l'impact de la migration sur le rendement salarial et l'attractivité des territoires." Toulouse 1, 2006. http://publications.univ-tlse1.fr/685/.
Full textThis research presents an economic analysis of internal migration from a young workers sample established on the French young population who finished their studies in 1998 (survey “Génération 98” of the Céreq, a French Institute). Spatial mobility is observed as the distance run from their local place at the end of their studies to the local place of the job occupied three years later. The first and last places observed correspond to French local labor market called “Zone d'Emploi”. We study the individual parameters into the migration decision and its consequence on wage. Spatial job search and capital human theories are used to explain migration decision. According to these theories we show that migrants must receive a benefit from migration in order to compensate the migration costs even if migrants entail a negative selection bias. We test this assumption on data and observe that the very high skilled are positively auto-selected and do not receive a benefit specially for migration costs. Although the other young migrants who are negatively auto-selected benefit from migration to compensate their migration costs. This study suggest an additional parameter into the migration decision linked to a spatial proximity effect in destination choice. This is revealed through an aggregate migration model
Shelig, Adel. "La relation entre l'enseignement supérieur et la mobilité sociale dans la communauté rurale en Libye (cas de la municipalité Haraba)." Thesis, Le Mans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LEMA3001/document.
Full textThis study focuses mainly on research into the role of higher education in social mobility for the benefit of the third generation, compared to the two previous generations. The qualitative and quantitative survey was carried out with 18 to 32 year-olds from the municipality of Haraba situated in a rural area of Western Libya. Indeed, the study focused on the occupational variations that have taken place in Libyan society, particularly in the study area, by comparing the educational levels and occupational diversity of three generations successively
Rizzi, Carlos Alberto. "Transformações espaciais nas paisagens de ambientes construídos: suas dinâmicas e formas de representação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-22052017-113543/.
Full textThe purpose of this article is the mapping of surrounding areas to large concentrations of special cultural protection zones through urban mobility criteria. The objective is to establish parameters in such a way that the areas as so defined transform in instruments of articulation between public policy of safekeeping urban transportation and territorial arrangement. The case studies are situated in the metropolis of São Paulo: old factories and old sheds on the east side of town and axis of theaters, cinemas and parks in the central region, respectively called of Galpões da Moóca and Corredor Cultural. The method of multiple borders by quality in microaccessibility has been applied resulting in two buffer-zones as to the referred concentration. That effort intended to overcome the space fragmentation that complicates the protection of cultural zones.
Lazo, Alejandra. "Entre le territoire de proximité et la mobilité quotidienne : les ancrages et le territoire de proximité comme support et ressource pour les pratiques de mobilité des habitants de la ville de Santiago du Chili." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00711072.
Full textGoreau-Ponceaud, Anthony. "La diaspora tamoule : trajectoires spatio-temporelles et inscriptions territoriales en Île-de-France." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00365365.
Full textEl, Zein Ali. "La crise du système de déplacements au Liban : une dépendance automobile systémique et coûteuse." Thesis, Perpignan, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PERP0004.
Full textThe Lebanese transport is characterized by a triple crisis of congestion, financing and sustainability. This crisis appears in an inefficient transport system: high and recurring level of traffic jams and an almost total absence of reliable alternatives to the private car.The objective of this thesis is to highlight the concept of car dependency through the prism of mobility practices, transport sector governance and territorial and socio-economic characteristics in Lebanon. It aims to explain this dependence in a systemic approach and it proposes solutions to moderate it. The systemic analysis considers that car dependency can be explained by the interaction of several factors: the country's territorial organization, socio-economic and cultural factors, transport supply and the modes of governance of the transport sector. Then, the thesis explores the challenges of moderating car dependency. It highlights the economic, social and environmental costs linked to excessive use of the car.Finally, the prospects for a possible moderation of car dependency in Lebanon and its practical directions are explored
Sharmin, Samia. "The impact of built environment on children independent mobility: A comparative analysis between discretionary and nondiscretionary activities." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/201388/1/Samia_Sharmin_Thesis.pdf.
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