Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mobile robotics'
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Barlas, Fırat Alizade Rasim. "Design Of A Mars Rover Suspension Mechanism /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/makinamuh/T000341.pdf.
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Keppeler, Karl E. (Karl Edward). "A mobile robotics development platform." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39077.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1996.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 43).
by Karl E. Keppeler.
M.Eng.
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Peel, Andrew Gregory. "On designing a mobile robot for robocup /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00003101.
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Tang, Yilun. "Robot navigation and localization in regular office environment /." View abstract or full-text, 2010. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CSED%202010%20TANG.
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Biddlestone, Scott Richard. "Collaborative Motion for Mobile Platforms." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1357227236.
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Zienkiewicz, Jacek. "Dense monocular perception for mobile robotics." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/58855.
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This thesis concerns the problem of providing a mobile robot with detailed perception of its local environment using a passive, monocular camera. We embrace the paradigm of dense visual SLAM and bring it to the domain of small, low-cost robots. This enables us to directly use information collected from all pixels in an image and create dense reconstructions of environments. We present a complete and self-contained perception system that allows a mobile robot to estimate its ego-motion, perform infrastructure-free auto-calibration and build, in real-time, a detailed map of its environment in the form of a height map from a single, monocular camera. Our system is capable of providing a robot with accurate information in a form directly suitable for local navigation and obstacle avoidance. By adopting more restrictive, task-oriented models and using the domain knowledge about our applications we were able to improve performance and robustness. Furthermore, when designing our algorithms, we put a great emphasis on methods that can be efficiently and in a straightforward manner implemented on parallel architectures, and therefore we can achieve excellent scalability in terms of resolution of input images and environment representation. We believe that this work offers a promising route to a truly usable real-time monocular dense SLAM system for mobile robots.
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Johansen, Maria. "Adaptive Robotics : A behavior-based system for control of mobile robots." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10855.
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This report will explore behavior-based robotics and relevant AI techniques. A system for autonomous control of mobile robots inspired by behavior-based robotics, in particular Rodney Brooks' subsumption architecture, have been implemented, adapted for use in a multiagent environment. The system is modular and flexible, allowing for easy addition and removal of system parts. A weight-based command fusion approach is taken to action selection, making it possible to satisfy multiple behaviors simultaneously.
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Bigheti, Jeferson André [UNESP]. "Navegação de robôs em ambientes internos usando slam." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87178.
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A proposta deste trabalho é dotar um robô móvel com a capacidade de mapear e se localizar no ambiente simultaneamente onde tal problema é conhecido na literatura clássica como SLAM (Simultaneous Localizaton and Mapping). Para operar, o robô deve ser capaz de manter uma estimativa da sua posição com base nos sensores embarcados veículo, adquirir e utilizar conhecimento sobre o mundo ao seu redor, possuir a habilidade de reconhecer obstáculos, e responder em tempo real as situações que possam ocorrer neste ambiente. Este trabalho propõe também a utilização de um sensor de ultra-som com varredura frontal de 180 graus, para detecção de landmarks (marcos) naturais em um ambiente interno para construção do mapa na memória do sistema de controle do robô. As informações do deslocamento do robô são fornecidas pelo sistema de odometria com encoder. Essas informações de deslocamento do robô a distância dos landmarks são combinadas através da aplicação do Filtro de Kalman Estendido (EKF), para o cálculode posição e orientação estimados do robô bem como a posição estimada dos landmarks (mapa). Trata-se de um trabalho com resultados preliminares, que tem como contribuição específica realizar a tarefa de localização e mapeamento simultaneamente (SLAM) usando um sensor de ultra-som rotativo. São apresentados também os resultados de simulação da técnica de localização e mapeamento simultâneo usando o Filtro de Kalman Estendido (EKT) e complementadas com avaliações experimentais em ambiente reais, aplicado a um robô móvel trabalhando como um transportador de materiais automatizado no chão de fábrica. Discussões são apresentadas sobre os sensores usados, a complexidade computacional, a associação de dados e a modelagem e controle do robô móvel
The purpose of this paper is to provide a mobile robot with the ability to simultaneously map and locate the environment. This problem is know in classical literature as SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping). To operate, the robot must be able to maintain an estimation of its position based on sensors attached to the vehicle, acquire and use knowledge about the world around it, have the ability to recognize obstacles and respond in real time situations that may occur in this environment. This paper also proposes the use of an ultrasonic sensor to scan an angle of 180 degrees, for detection of landmarks in a natural environment in order to build the internal map inside the robot's controller memory. The displacement information is provided by the robot odometry system with encoder. This information is combined through the application of Extended Kalmar filter (EKT). This is a preliminary work, which has the specific contribution the task of locating and mapping simultaneously (SLAM) using a rotating ultrasonic sensor. There is also presented the simulation of the technique of simultaneous localization and mapping using the extended Kalman filter (EKT) in addition of experimental evaluations in real environment, applied to a mobile robot working as an automated carried materials on the factory floor. Discussions are presented on the used sensors, the computational complexity, data combination and modeling and control of mobile robot
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August, Riley. "Applying genetic programming to scripted mobile robotics." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28474.
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In this thesis, we develop a new language for genetic programming, specifically designed for high-level controller scripting on mobile robots. We then test this language against previous conventions on the Robots Everywhere Antbot platform. We develop a genetic programming framework using Python and the new language, to create corridor-following programs in a simple simulation. Using this framework, we conduct a variety of experiments to find good parameters and techniques that apply to this new language, which can evolve the best controllers. Our results suggest that hierarchical GP using a measure of elitism is likely the best solution, and that the new language is very capable of evolving solutions with a high degree of robustness and generality.
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Silva, João Manuel Leite da. "Perception and software architecture for mobile robotics." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14083.
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Doutoramento em Ciências da ComputaçãoWhen developing software for autonomous mobile robots, one has to inevitably tackle some kind of perception. Moreover, when dealing with agents that possess some level of reasoning for executing their actions, there is the need to model the environment and the robot internal state in a way that it represents the scenario in which the robot operates. Inserted in the ATRI group, part of the IEETA research unit at Aveiro University, this work uses two of the projects of the group as test bed, particularly in the scenario of robotic soccer with real robots. With the main objective of developing algorithms for sensor and information fusion that could be used e ectively on these teams, several state of the art approaches were studied, implemented and adapted to each of the robot types. Within the MSL RoboCup team CAMBADA, the main focus was the perception of ball and obstacles, with the creation of models capable of providing extended information so that the reasoning of the robot can be ever more e ective. To achieve it, several methodologies were analyzed, implemented, compared and improved. Concerning the ball, an analysis of ltering methodologies for stabilization of its position and estimation of its velocity was performed. Also, with the goal keeper in mind, work has been done to provide it with information of aerial balls. As for obstacles, a new de nition of the way they are perceived by the vision and the type of information provided was created, as well as a methodology for identifying which of the obstacles are team mates. Also, a tracking algorithm was developed, which ultimately assigned each of the obstacles a unique identi er. Associated with the improvement of the obstacles perception, a new algorithm of estimating reactive obstacle avoidance was created. In the context of the SPL RoboCup team Portuguese Team, besides the inevitable adaptation of many of the algorithms already developed for sensor and information fusion and considering that it was recently created, the objective was to create a sustainable software architecture that could be the base for future modular development. The software architecture created is based on a series of di erent processes and the means of communication among them. All processes were created or adapted for the new architecture and a base set of roles and behaviors was de ned during this work to achieve a base functional framework. In terms of perception, the main focus was to de ne a projection model and camera pose extraction that could provide information in metric coordinates. The second main objective was to adapt the CAMBADA localization algorithm to work on the NAO robots, considering all the limitations it presents when comparing to the MSL team, especially in terms of computational resources. A set of support tools were developed or improved in order to support the test and development in both teams. In general, the work developed during this thesis improved the performance of the teams during play and also the e ectiveness of the developers team when in development and test phases.
Durante o desenvolvimento de software para robôs autónomos móveis, e inevitavelmente necessário lidar com algum tipo de perceção. Al em disso, ao lidar com agentes que possuem algum tipo de raciocínio para executar as suas ações, há a necessidade de modelar o ambiente e o estado interno do robô de forma a representar o cenário onde o robô opera. Inserido no grupo ATRI, integrado na unidade de investigação IEETA da Universidade de Aveiro, este trabalho usa dois dos projetos do grupo como plataformas de teste, particularmente no cenário de futebol robótico com robôs reais. Com o principal objetivo de desenvolver algoritmos para fusão sensorial e de informação que possam ser usados eficazmente nestas equipas, v arias abordagens de estado da arte foram estudadas, implementadas e adaptadas para cada tipo de robôs. No âmbito da equipa de RoboCup MSL, CAMBADA, o principal foco foi a perceção da bola e obstáculos, com a criação de modelos capazes de providenciar informação estendida para que o raciocino do robô possa ser cada vez mais eficaz. Para o alcançar, v arias metodologias foram analisadas, implementadas, comparadas e melhoradas. Em relação a bola, foi efetuada uma análise de metodologias de filtragem para estabilização da sua posição e estimação da sua velocidade. Tendo o guarda-redes em mente, foi também realizado trabalho para providenciar informação de bolas no ar. Quanto aos obstáculos, foi criada uma nova definição para a forma como são detetados pela visão e para o tipo de informação fornecida, bem como uma metodologia para identificar quais dos obstáculos são colegas de equipa. Além disso foi desenvolvido um algoritmo de rastreamento que, no final, atribui um identicador único a cada obstáculo. Associado a melhoria na perceção dos obstáculos foi criado um novo algoritmo para realizar desvio reativo de obstáculos. No contexto da equipa de RoboCup SPL, Portuguese Team, al em da inevitável adaptação de vários dos algoritmos j a desenvolvidos para fusão sensorial e de informação, tendo em conta que foi recentemente criada, o objetivo foi criar uma arquitetura sustentável de software que possa ser a base para futuro desenvolvimento modular. A arquitetura de software criada e baseada numa série de processos diferentes e métodos de comunicação entre eles. Todos os processos foram criados ou adaptados para a nova arquitetura e um conjunto base de papeis e comportamentos foi definido para obter uma framework funcional base. Em termos de perceção, o principal foco foi a definição de um modelo de projeção e extração de pose da câmara que consiga providenciar informação em coordenadas métricas. O segundo objetivo principal era adaptar o algoritmo de localização da CAMBADA para funcionar nos robôs NAO, considerando todas as limitações apresentadas quando comparando com a equipa MSL, principalmente em termos de recursos computacionais. Um conjunto de ferramentas de suporte foram desenvolvidas ou melhoradas para auxiliar o teste e desenvolvimento em ambas as equipas. Em geral, o trabalho desenvolvido durante esta tese melhorou o desempenho da equipas durante os jogos e também a eficácia da equipa de programação durante as fases de desenvolvimento e teste.
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Bevilacqua, Paolo. "Efficient Motion Planning for Wheeled Mobile Robotics." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2019. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/3771/2/disclaimer.pdf.
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Nowadays, the field of wheeled robotics is undergoing an impressive growth and development. Different hardware and software components are being developed and applied in various contexts, including assistive robotics, industrial robotics, automotive, ...
Motion Planning is a fundamental aspect for the development of autonomous wheeled mobile robots.
The capability of planning safe, smooth trajectories, and to locally adjust them in real-time to deal with contingent situations and avoid collisions is an essential requirement
to allow robots to work and perform activities in public spaces shared with humans.
Moreover, in general, efficiency is a key constraint for this kind of applications, given the limited computational power usually available on robotic platforms.
In this thesis, we focus on the development of efficient algorithms to solve different kind of motion planning problems. Specifically, in the first part of the thesis, we propose a complete planning system for an assisitive
robot supporting the navigation of older users. The developed planner generates paths connecting different locations on the map, that are smooth and specifically tailored to optimize the comfort perceived by the human users. During the navigation, the system applies an efficient model to predict the behaviours of the surrounding pedestrians, and to locally adapt the reference path to minimise the probability of collisions. Finally, the motion planner is integrated with an "high-level" reasoning component, to generate and propose complete activities, like the visit to a museum or a shopping mall, specifically tailored to the preferences, needs and requirements
of each user.
In the second part of the thesis, we show how the efficient solutions and building blocks developed for the assistive robots, can be adapted and applied also to a completely different context, such as the generation of optimal trajectories for an autonomous racing vehicle.
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Saurel, Guilhem. "Génération de mouvement en robotique mobile et humanoïde." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAT0036/document.
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La génération de mouvements de locomotion en robotique mobile est étudiée dans le monde académique depuis plusieurs décennies. La théorie concernant la modélisation et le contrôle des robots à roues est largement mature. Cependant, la mise en œuvre effective de ces modèles dans des conditions réelles demande des études complémentaires. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons trois projets mettant en œuvre trois différents types de robots mobiles. Nous débutons dans chaque cas par une analyse sur les qualités recherchées d’un mouvement dans un contexte particulier, qu’il soit artistique ou industriel, et terminons par la présentation des architectures algorithmiques et logicielles mises en œuvre, notamment dans le cadre d’expositions de plusieurs mois, où le public est invité à partager l’espace d’évolution de robots. La réalisation de ces projets montre que certains choix technologiques semblant insignifiants au moment de la conception des robots sont déterminants dans les dernières étapes de la production. On peut extrapoler cette remarque depuis ces robots mobile à deux ou trois degrés de liberté vers des robots humanoïdes pouvant en avoir plusieurs dizaines. La stratégie classique qui consiste à concevoir, dans un premier temps, l’architecture mécatronique des robots humanoïdes, pour se poser ensuite la question de leur contrôle, atteint ses limites, comme le montrent par exemple la consommation énergétique et la difficulté d’obtenir des mouvements de marche dynamique sur ces robots, pourtant conçus dans le but de marcher. Dans une perspective globale de conception des robots marcheurs, nous proposons un système de codesign, où il est possible d’optimiser simultanément la conception mécanique et les contrôleurs d’un robotGeneration of locomotion motions in mobile robotics has been studied in the academic world for several decades. The theory concerning the modeling and control of wheeled robots is largely mature. However, the actual implementation of these models in real conditions requires further studies. In this thesis, we present three projects using three different types of mobile robots. In each case, we begin with an analysis of the required qualities of a motion in a particular context, whether artistic or industrial, and end with the presentation of the algorithmic and software architectures implemented, particularly in the context of exhibitions of several months, where the public is invited to share the space of evolution of robots. The realization of these projects shows that some technological choices seem insignificant at the time of the design of the robots are decisive in the final stages of production. One can extrapolate this remark from these mobile robots with two or three degrees of freedom towards humanoid robots which can have several tens. The classical strategy of first designing the mechatronic architecture of humanoid robots and then raising the question of their control has reached its limits, as illustrated, for example, by their energy consumption and the difficulty to obtain dynamic walking motions on these robots, yet designed for the purpose of walking. From a global perspective of robot design, we propose a system of codesign, where it is possible to simultaneously optimize the mechanical design and the controllers of a robot. This system is firstly tested by various examples as proof of concept. It is then applied to the comparison of rigid and elastic actuators on different biped robots, then to the study of the impact of the stabilization of the head on the general stabilization of the body and finally to the design of a prototype of semi-passive walker
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Mourlam, Timothy John. "Developing a Mobile Reduced Gravity Simulator." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/14963.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering
Dale Schinstock
This thesis describes the design, development, and initial testing of the Mobile Reduced Gravity Simulator (MoRGS). MoRGS is a hoist with active force control, to be used in terrestrial environments with human test subjects for the simulation of partial gravity or zero gravity environments. It is to be used with the subject performing activities while being harnessed to the hoist. The following work here describes the mechanical design, structural and dynamic analyses, simulations used to aid in the control design and component selection, the development of unique control algorithms tailored to the objectives and uncommon dynamics of MoRGS, and initial testing performed without the use of human subjects. Major components of the MoRGS system include: AC servo motor, gearbox, custom-designed drum, pneumatic muscle, load cell, and a microprocessor. The system is designed to track the motion of the test subject over several meters of vertical travel at speeds of up to 2 Gs of acceleration. This allows for high performance during subject’s physical tests, including running on a treadmill and a climbing ladder. It is capable of offloading 50 lb. to 600 lb. and the level of desired reduced gravity is programmable. Results from testing of the system demonstrate that MoRGS system achieves its goals. It performs well, and the sensitivity of the force controller enables it to compensate for the most minute human motion disturbance.
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Seward, Derek William. "The development of intelligent mobile robots." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301085.
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Corominas, Murtra Andreu. "Map-based localization for urban service mobile robotics." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/41555.
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Mobile robotics research is currently interested on exporting autonomous navigation results achieved in indoor environments, to more challenging environments, such as, for instance, urban pedestrian areas. Developing mobile robots with autonomous navigation capabilities in such urban environments supposes a basic requirement for a upperlevel service set that could be provided to an users community. However, exporting indoor techniques to outdoor urban pedestrian scenarios is not evident due to the larger size of the environment, the dynamism of the scene due to
pedestrians and other moving obstacles, the sunlight conditions, and the high presence of three dimensional elements such as ramps, steps, curbs or holes. Moreover, GPS-based mobile robot localization has demonstrated insufficient
performance for robust long-term navigation in urban environments.
One of the key modules within autonomous navigation is localization. If localization supposes an a priori map, even if it is not a complete model of the environment, localization is called map-based. This assumption is realistic since current
trends of city councils are on building precise maps of their cities, specially of the most interesting places such as city downtowns. Having robots localized within a map allows for a high-level planning and monitoring, so that robots can
achieve goal points expressed on the map, by following in a deliberative way a previously planned route.
This thesis deals with the mobile robot map-based localization issue in urban pedestrian areas. The thesis approach uses the particle filter algorithm, a well-known and widely used probabilistic and recursive method for data fusion and state estimation. The main contributions of the thesis are divided on four aspects: (1) long-term experiments of mobile robot 2D and 3D position tracking in real urban pedestrian scenarios within a full autonomous navigation framework, (2) developing a fast and accurate technique to compute on-line range observation models in 3D environments, a basic step required by the real-time performance of the developed particle filter, (3) formulation of a particle filter that integrates asynchronous data streams and (4) a theoretical proposal to solve the global localization problem in an active and cooperative way, defining cooperation as either information sharing among the robots or planning joint actions to solve a common goal.Actualment, la recerca en robòtica mòbil té un interés creixent en exportar els resultats de navegació autònoma aconseguits en entorns interiors cap a d'altres tipus d'entorns més exigents, com, per exemple, les àrees urbanes peatonals. Desenvolupar capacitats de navegació autònoma en aquests entorns urbans és un requisit bàsic per poder proporcionar un conjunt de serveis de més alt nivell a una comunitat d'usuaris. Malgrat tot, exportar les tècniques d'interiors cap a entorns exteriors peatonals no és evident, a causa de la major dimensió de l'entorn, del dinamisme de l'escena provocada pels peatons i per altres obstacles en moviment, de la resposta de certs sensors a la il.luminació natural, i de la constant presència d'elements tridimensionals tals com rampes, escales, voreres o forats. D'altra banda, la localització de robots mòbils basada en GPS ha demostrat uns resultats insuficients de cara a una navegació robusta i de llarga durada en entorns urbans. Una de les peces clau en la navegació autònoma és la localització. En el cas que la localització consideri un mapa conegut a priori, encara que no sigui un model complet de l'entorn, parlem d'una localització basada en un mapa. Aquesta assumpció és realista ja que la tendència actual de les administracions locals és de construir mapes precisos de les ciutats, especialment dels llocs d'interés tals com les zones més cèntriques. El fet de tenir els robots localitzats en un mapa permet una planificació i una monitorització d'alt nivell, i així els robots poden arribar a destinacions indicades sobre el mapa, tot seguint de forma deliberativa una ruta prèviament planificada. Aquesta tesi tracta el tema de la localització de robots mòbils, basada en un mapa i per entorns urbans peatonals. La proposta de la tesi utilitza el filtre de partícules, un mètode probabilístic i recursiu, ben conegut i àmpliament utilitzat per la fusió de dades i l'estimació d'estats. Les principals contribucions de la tesi queden dividides en quatre aspectes: (1) experimentació de llarga durada del seguiment de la posició, tant en 2D com en 3D, d'un robot mòbil en entorns urbans reals, en el context de la navegació autònoma, (2) desenvolupament d'una tècnica ràpida i precisa per calcular en temps d'execució els models d'observació de distàncies en entorns 3D, un requisit bàsic pel rendiment del filtre de partícules a temps real, (3) formulació d'un filtre de partícules que integra conjunts de dades asíncrones i (4) proposta teòrica per solucionar la localització global d'una manera activa i cooperativa, entenent la cooperació com el fet de compartir informació, o bé com el de planificar accions conjuntes per solucionar un objectiu comú.
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Pipe, Anthony Graham. "Reinforcement learning and knowledge transformation in mobile robotics." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364077.
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Svetlicic, Ivan. "EMOTION BASED SUBSUMPTION ARCHITECTURE FOR AUTONOMOUS MOBILE ROBOTICS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1090173118.
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Joshi, Jay Anilkumar. "Generic Project Plan for a Mobile Robotics System." TopSCHOLAR®, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3165.
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This thesis discussed the mobile land robots for the robotic competitions. The topics discussed in this thesis are robotic systems, mobile land robots, robot competitions, and example of robot designs. Question-answer sections are added to help understand the requirements to build the robot. Examples include three different teams who participated in different robotic competitions to provide a context for robotic competitions. The thesis was divided into the five chapters. The first and second chapters explained the different kind of robotics systems, and opportunities. The focus of the information was the mobile land robots, which was explained under the third chapter, mobile land robots. The aim of the thesis was to guide those who want to design, build, and compete in the mobile robot competition. As a result, the information from various resources been gathered and has been given a form of thesis to help individuals or group of individuals to guide them through the robotic competitions.
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Berg, Brian. "Navigation of a Mobile Robot with Obstacle Avoidance." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10977871.
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Navigating a vehicle autonomously and safely in unknown surroundings to a desired destination is challenging due to lack of initial information about stationary and moving objects along the path. This thesis proposes a navigation system that avoids static and dynamic obstacles using weighted real-time sensor feedback. The effectiveness of the system is demonstrated by implementing it on a robot. A 16-beam solid-state LiDAR sensor is used to detect obstacles to control a differential drive mobile robot. The sensor measurements are weighted and integrated into the Pure Pursuit path following algorithm to avoid obstacles in a natural smooth movement. The primary purpose of this thesis is to integrate all the sensors and processing units to create an appropriate reaction of the robot while it progresses toward the destination. The Algorithm proposed in this work guided the robot safely and fluently from start to end position while avoiding obstacles along the path.
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Cosgun, Akansel. "Navigation behavior design and representations for a people aware mobile robot system." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54944.
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There are millions of robots in operation around the world today, and almost all of them operate on factory floors in isolation from people. However, it is now becoming clear that robots can provide much more value assisting people in daily tasks in human environments. Perhaps the most fundamental capability for a mobile robot is navigating from one location to another. Advances in mapping and motion planning research in the past decades made indoor navigation a commodity for mobile robots. Yet, questions remain on how the robots should move around humans. This thesis advocates the use of semantic maps and spatial rules of engagement to enable non-expert users to effortlessly interact with and control a mobile robot. A core concept explored in this thesis is the Tour Scenario, where the task is to familiarize a mobile robot to a new environment after it is first shipped and unpacked in a home or office setting. During the tour, the robot follows the user and creates a semantic representation of the environment. The user labels objects, landmarks and locations by performing pointing gestures and using the robot's user interface. The spatial semantic information is meaningful to humans, as it allows providing commands to the robot such as ``bring me a cup from the kitchen table". While the robot is navigating towards the goal, it should not treat nearby humans as obstacles and should move in a socially acceptable manner. Three main navigation behaviors are studied in this work. The first behavior is the point-to-point navigation. The navigation planner presented in this thesis borrows ideas from human-human spatial interactions, and takes into account personal spaces as well as reactions of people who are in close proximity to the trajectory of the robot. The second navigation behavior is person following. After the description of a basic following behavior, a user study on person following for telepresence robots is presented. Additionally, situation awareness for person following is demonstrated, where the robot facilitates tasks by predicting the intent of the user and utilizing the semantic map. The third behavior is person guidance. A tour-guide robot is presented with a particular application for visually impaired users.
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Rogers, John Gilbert. "Life-long mapping of objects and places in domestic environments." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47736.
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In the future, robots will expand from industrial and research applications to the home. Domestic service robots will work in the home to perform useful tasks such as object retrieval, cleaning, organization, and security. The tireless support of these systems will not only enable able bodied people to avoid mundane chores; they will also enable the elderly to remain independent from institutional care by providing service, safety, and companionship. Robots will need to understand the relationship between objects and their environments to perform some of these tasks. Structured indoor environments are organized according to architectural guidelines and convenience for their residents. Utilizing this information makes it possible to predict the location of objects. Conversely, one can also predict the function of a room from the detection of a few objects within a given space.
This thesis introduces a framework for combining object permanence and context called the probabilistic cognitive model. This framework combines reasoning about spatial extent of places and the identity of objects and their relationships to one another and to the locations where they appear. This type of reasoning takes into account the context in which objects appear to determine their identity and purpose. The probabilistic cognitive model combines a mapping system called OmniMapper with a conditional random field probabilistic model for context representation. The conditional random field models the dependencies between location and identity in a real-world domestic environment. This model is used by mobile robot systems to predict the effects of their actions during autonomous object search tasks in unknown environments.
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Gonullu, Muhammet Kasim. "Development Of A Mobile Robot Platform To Be Used In Mobile Robot Research." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615654/index.pdf.
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Robotics is an interdisciplinary subject and combines mechanical, computer and electrical engineering components together to solve different kinds of problems. In order to build robotic systems, these disciplines should be integrated. Therefore, mobile robots can be used as a tool in education for teaching engineering concepts. They can be employed to be used in undergraduate, graduate and doctorate research. Hands on experience on a mobile robot increase motivation of the students on the topic and give them precious practical knowledge. It also delivers students new skills like teamwork, problem solving, creativity, by executing robotic exercises. To be able to fulfill these outcomes, universities and research centers need mobile robot platforms that are modular, easy to build, cheap and flexible. However it should be also powerful and capable of being used in different research studies and hence be customizable depending on the requirements of these topics.
This thesis aims at building an indoor mobile robot that can be used as a platform for developing algorithms involving various sensors incorporated onto a mobile platform. More precisely, it can be used as a base for indoor navigation and localization algorithms, as well as it can be used as platform for developing algorithms for larger autonomous mobile robots. The thesis work involves the design and manufacturing of a mobile robot platform that can potentially facilitate mobile robotics research that involves use of various hardware to develop and test different perception and navigation algorithms.
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Mills, Euclid Weatley. "Mobile robotic design : robotic colour and accelerometer sensor." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4436.
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This thesis investigates the problem of sensors used with mobile robots. Firstly, a colour sensor is considered, for its ability to detect objects having the three primary colours Red, Green and Blue (RGB). Secondly, an accelerometer was investigated, from which velocity was derived from the raw data using numerical integration. The purpose of the design and development of the sensors was to use them for robotic navigation and collision avoidance. This report presents the results of experiments carried out on the colour sensor and the accelerometer. A discussion of the results and some conclusions are also presented. It proved feasible to achieve the goal of detecting colours successfully but only for a limited distance. The accelerometer proved reliable but is not yet being applied in real time. Both the colour sensor and the accelerometer proved to be inexpensive. Some recommendations are made to improve both the colour sensor and the accelerometer sensors.
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Shade, Robert J. "Choosing where to go : mobile robot exploration." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4a7d5578-f354-48e9-80b4-f3c83234be5f.
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For a mobile robot to engage in exploration of a-priori unknown environments it must be able to identify locations which will yield new information when visited. This thesis presents two novel algorithms which attempt to answer the question of choosing where a robot should go next in a partially explored workspace. To begin we describe the process of acquiring highly accurate dense 3D data from a stereo camera. This approach combines techniques from a number of existing implementations and is demonstrated to be more accurate than a range of commercial offerings. Combined with state of the art visual odometry based pose estimation we can use these point clouds to drive exploration. The first exploration algorithm we present is an attempt to represent the three dimensional world as a continuous two dimensional surface. The surface is maintained as a planar graph structure in which vertices correspond to points in space as seen by the stereo camera. Edges connect vertices which have been seen as adjacent pixels in a stereo image pair, and have a weight equal to the Euclidean distance between the end points. Discontinuities in the input stereo data manifest as areas of the graph with high average edge weight, and by moving the camera to view such areas and merging the new scan with the existing graph, we push back the boundary of the explored workspace. Motivated by scaling and precision problems with the graph-based method, we present a second exploration algorithm based on continuum methods. We show that by solving Laplace’s equation over the freespace of the partially explored environment, we can guide exploration by following streamlines in the resulting vector field. Choosing appropriate boundary conditions ensures that these streamlines run parallel to obstacles and are guaranteed to lead to a frontier – a boundary between explored and unexplored space. Results are shown which demonstrate this method fully exploring three dimensional environments and outperforming oft-used information gain based approaches. We show how analysis of the potential field solution can be used to identify volumes of the workspace which have been fully explored, thus reducing future computation.
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Bostelman, Roger. "Performance measurement of mobile manipulators." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK003/document.
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Une approche avancée de la fabrication flexible consiste à déplacer des manipulateurs robotisés AGV ou robot mobile, appelé manipulateurs mobiles, entre les postes de travail. L'utilisation de manipulateurs mobiles peuvent être avantageux dans un certain nombre de situations. Cela peut entraîner des coûts économies lorsqu'un seul manipulateur mobile peut être utilisé pour remplacer plusieurs stationnaires manipulateurs. Cependant, les manipulateurs mobiles sont «une discipline relativement jeune robotique. "Une revue de la littérature approfondie de la recherche menant à la commercialisation mobile manipulateurs et robots mobiles a été réalisée. La mesure de la performance du mobile les manipulateurs, y compris une base mobile avec un bras de robot embarqué, sont pratiquement inexistants. Cependant, les manipulateurs mobiles commencent à apparaître dans la fabrication, la santé, et peut-être d'autres industries et, par conséquent, une méthode pour mesurer leur performance est essentielle pour les fabricants et les utilisateurs de ces systèmes relativement complexes. Mesures de mobile manipulateurs effectuant des tâches standard (poses et mouvements) sont également inexistants, sauf pour simplement s'assurer que la tâche a été plus ou moins complétée. La tâche choisie pour cela thèse est l'assemblage en raison de son exigence de pose de système.Les méthodes de test de performance ont pris du retard par rapport aux méthodes de test de sécurité pour les manipulateurs mobiles qui progresse vers le développement d'une nouvelle norme de sécurité aux États-Unis. Métriques pour la sécurité et la performance des manipulateurs mobiles comprennent de nombreux domaines, tels que: l'achèvement des tâches, le temps nécessaire pour accomplir la tâche, la qualité et la quantité (c.-à-d.répétabilité, respectivement) des tâches accomplies. Avant l'acceptation industrielle et les normes développement pour les manipulateurs mobiles, les utilisateurs de ces nouveaux systèmes attendront des fabricants fournir des données de performance réelles pour guider leur approvisionnement et assurer l'aptitude à tâches d'application. En raison du coût relativement élevé pour acquérir et installer des systèmes de suivi de mouvement Pour mesurer la performance des systèmes, une méthode alternative à utiliser par les fabricants et les utilisateurs est idéal. Un nouveau concept de méthode de test qui utilise un artefact, appelé mobile reconfigurable Manipulateur Artefact (RMMA), est décrit dans cette thèse et comparé à un suivi optique système qui a été utilisé comme vérité de terrain pour le RMMA et manipulateur mobile. Système de modélisation du système de manipulation mobile, des composants et des les mesures peuvent aider à améliorer la compréhension de ces systèmes relativement complexes.Systems Modelling Language (SysML) a été choisi et utilisé tout au long de cette thèse, car de SysML a des modules logiciels réutilisables pour la structure, le comportement, les exigences et parametrics sur le manipulateur mobile. Les modèles décrivent les nombreux aspects de mesurer la performance des manipulateurs mobiles également en tant que nouveau domaine de recherche.Les modèles étaient évalué à travers des expériences sur un exemple de composants manipulateurs mobiles et l'ensemble système. SysML a été utilisé pour décrire la base théorique de la performance à travers la propagation de l'incertitude lorsque les équations mathématiques sont également modélisées.Un cas d'utilisation est modélisé et décrit où les concepts recherchés pour mesurer les mobiles les performances du manipulateur sont appliquées à une implémentation de fabrication. Le simpliste la nature du processus de mesure utilisant le RMMA peut être directement appliquée à processus de fabrication, et étendu au-delà des contributions de cette recherche à d'autres des besoins de mesure encore plus complexes (...)An advanced approach to flexible manufacturing is to move robotic manipulators, using anAGV or mobile robot, called mobile manipulators, between workstations. The use ofmobile manipulators can be advantageous in a number of situations. It can result in costsavings when a single mobile manipulator can be used to replace several stationarymanipulators. However, mobile manipulators are “a relatively young discipline withinrobotics.” An extensive literature review of the research leading to commercial mobilemanipulators and mobile robots was performed. The performance measurement of mobilemanipulators, including a mobile base with an onboard robot arm, is virtually non-existent.However, mobile manipulators are beginning to appear in manufacturing, healthcare, andpossibly other industries and therefore, a method to measure their performance is critical toboth manufacturers and users of these relatively complex systems. Measurements of mobilemanipulators performing standard tasks (poses and motions) are also non-existent except forsimply ensuring that the task has been more or less completed. The task chosen for thisthesis is assembly due to its requirement for relatively precise system posing.Performance test methods have lagged behind safety test methods for mobile manipulatorswhich is progressing towards development of a new safety standard in the US. Metrics forsafety and performance of mobile manipulators include many areas, such as: safe operation,task completion, time to complete the task, quality, and quantity (i.e., accuracy andrepeatability, respectively) of tasks completed. Prior to industrial acceptance and standardsdevelopment for mobile manipulators, users of these new systems will expect manufacturersto provide real performance data to guide their procurement and assure suitability for givenapplication tasks. Due to the relatively high cost to procure and setup motion tracking systemsto measure systems performance, an alternative method for use by manufacturers and users isideal. A new test method concept that uses an artifact, called the Reconfigurable MobileManipulator Artifact (RMMA), is described in this thesis and compared to an optical trackingsystem that was used as ground truth for the RMMA and mobile manipulator.System modeling the mobile manipulator system, components, and the associatedmeasurements can help to improve the understanding of these relatively complex systems.Systems Modeling Language (SysML) was chosen and used throughout this thesis becauseof SysML has reusable software modules for structure, behavior, requirements andparametrics off the mobile manipulator. The models describe the many aspects ofmeasuring mobile manipulator performance also as new research area. The models wereevaluated through experiments on an example mobile manipulator components and the entiresystem. SysML was used to describe the theoretical basis of the performance throughpropagation of uncertainty where mathematical equations are also modeled.A use case is modeled and described where the concepts researched to measure mobilemanipulator performance are applied to a manufacturing implementation. The simplisticnature of the measurement process using the RMMA can be directly applied to today’smanufacturing processes, and extended beyond the contributions of this research to othereven more complex measurement needs. The research is also discussed to even apply tocross-industry test methods for exoskeletons worn by humans
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Cordie, Troy P. "Modular reconfigurable field robotics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/230503/1/Troy_Cordie_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis explored the use of modular robots in the field. This work represents a step forward in robotics with technology emerging from the laboratory into the outdoors. Innovation is demonstrated through the ability to build custom robots on demand in the field. This customisation enabled by modular-reconfigurable components allowed a single person to deploy multiple configurations rapidly. Additionally, it was demonstrated that a modular reconfigurable approach to robotics improved robustness to failure. Finally, this work demonstrated that the ability to self-reconfigure allowed a field-deployed robot to explore further.
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Sung, Un-Kyung. "The development of a map-building mobile robot." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322849.
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Gaskell, Alexander Paul. "Sensor managememt in mobile robotics using Bayesian belief networks." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282200.
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Adolfsson, Victor. "The State of the Art in Distributed Mobile Robotics." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik och datavetenskap, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-6195.
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Distributed Mobile Robotics (DMR) is a multidisciplinary research area with many open research questions. This is a survey of the state of the art in Distributed Mobile Robotics research. DMR is sometimes referred to as cooperative robotics or multi-robotic systems. DMR is about how multiple robots can cooperate to achieve goals and complete tasks better than single robot systems. It covers architectures, communication, learning, exploration and many other areas presented in this master thesis.Uppsatsen är en brett spektrum på vilken forskning som pågår rörande distribuerad mobil robotik, dvs hur många robotar kan samverka för att lösa uppgifter.
Adress: Victor Adolfsson Folkparksvägen 12:24 372 38 Ronneby Telefon: 0457-171 42 Mobil: 0709-441389
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Pettersson, Ola. "Model-free execution monitoring in behavior-based mobile robotics /." Örebro : Örebro universitetsbibliotek, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-78.
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Mendao, Miguel. "A Neuro-Endocrine Control Architecture Applied to mobile Robotics." Thesis, University of Kent, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499660.
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Adam, Seán P. (Seán Patrick). "A distributed control network for a mobile robotics platform." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41376.
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Alam, Tauhidul. "A Dynamical System Approach for Resource-Constrained Mobile Robotics." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3825.
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The revolution of autonomous vehicles has led to the development of robots with abundant sensors, actuators with many degrees of freedom, high-performance computing capabilities, and high-speed communication devices. These robots use a large volume of information from sensors to solve diverse problems. However, this usually leads to a significant modeling burden as well as excessive cost and computational requirements. Furthermore, in some scenarios, sophisticated sensors may not work precisely, the real-time processing power of a robot may be inadequate, the communication among robots may be impeded by natural or adversarial conditions, or the actuation control in a robot may be insubstantial. In these cases, we have to rely on simple robots with limited sensing and actuation, minimal onboard processing, moderate communication, and insufficient memory capacity. This reality motivates us to model simple robots such as bouncing and underactuated robots making use of the dynamical system techniques. In this dissertation, we propose a four-pronged approach for solving tasks in resource-constrained scenarios: 1) Combinatorial filters for bouncing robot localization; 2) Bouncing robot navigation and coverage; 3) Stochastic multi-robot patrolling; and 4) Deployment and planning of underactuated aquatic robots.
First, we present a global localization method for a bouncing robot equipped with only a clock and contact sensors. Space-efficient and finite automata-based combinatorial filters are synthesized to solve the localization task by determining the robot’s pose (position and orientation) in its environment.
Second, we propose a solution for navigation and coverage tasks using single or multiple bouncing robots. The proposed solution finds a navigation plan for a single bouncing robot from the robot’s initial pose to its goal pose with limited sensing. Probabilistic paths from several policies of the robot are combined artfully so that the actual coverage distribution can become as close as possible to a target coverage distribution. A joint trajectory for multiple bouncing robots to visit all the locations of an environment is incrementally generated.
Third, a scalable method is proposed to find stochastic strategies for multi-robot patrolling under an adversarial and communication-constrained environment. Then, we evaluate the vulnerability of our patrolling policies by finding the probability of capturing an adversary for a location in our proposed patrolling scenarios.
Finally, a data-driven deployment and planning approach is presented for the underactuated aquatic robots called drifters that creates the generalized flow pattern of the water, develops a Markov-chain based motion model, and studies the long- term behavior of a marine environment from a flow point-of-view.
In a broad summary, our dynamical system approach is a unique solution to typical robotic tasks and opens a new paradigm for the modeling of simple robotics systems
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Almasri, Mahmoud. "Diagnostic de plateformes robotisées. Méthode hybride évolutive intégrant une interaction avec un opérateur expert." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAC035.
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La robotique occupe une place grandissante dans des secteurs très variés allant de l'agriculture à l'industrie. Son développement s'est vu favorisé par l'intérêt pour l'Homme de disposer d'entités autonomes capables de l'aider pour la réalisation d'actions difficiles voire impossibles, soit de par leur pénibilité, soit de par leur dangerosité. La robotique mobile, l'une des filières de la robotique, poursuit cet objectif grâce aux avancées technologiques et scientifiques dans des domaines tels que la mécanique, l'électronique, l'automatique et l'informatique. Ces robots évoluent de manière autonome dans des environnements complexes et sur de longues durées. Leurs algorithmes garantissent une certaine robustesse face à des situations prévues. Cependant, dans certaines situations (dysfonctionnement d'un composant physique du robot, absence d'un signal GPS dans le cadre d'une tâche de suivi de trajectoire, ...), l'apparition d'un défaut rendra impossible la tâche qui incombait au robot.Afin d'éviter ce type de situation, le diagnostic en temps réel des défauts d'un robot intégrant dans sa boucle de détection comme de proposition de solutions un opérateur humain apparait être une solution possible et potentiellement efficace.Les travaux décrits dans ce mémoire visent cet objectif. Ils proposent, d'une part, un système de supervision du diagnostic de défauts d'un robot mobile et, d'autre part, un ensemble d'outils de modélisation, de paramétrage et d'adaptation des méthodes de diagnostic aux défauts potentiels d'un robot.La première partie des contributions est composée de deux modules. Le premier module présente une méthode hybride de diagnostic mettant en œuvre plusieurs approches et types d'approche de diagnostic de défauts. Cette méthode permet de diagnostiquer une liste définie de défauts en temps réel. Le second décrit un module d'interaction homme/robot permettant l'intégration de l'opérateur dans la boucle de diagnostic en proposant/validant des solutions mais aussi en corrigeant, si nécessaire, les décisions prises par la méthode hybride proposée. Ce module intègre une base de connaissances et un système de raisonnement à partir de cas permettant de conserver l'historique des décisions prises par l'opérateur, considéré expert, afin d'améliorer sa performance en continu.La deuxième partie détaille la démarche amont et hors ligne de la mise en œuvre de la méthode hybride de diagnostic. Cette démarche comprend les étapes de caractérisation des défauts considérés, de définition et d'adaptation des méthodes de diagnostic capables de diagnostiquer les défauts identifiés. Cette adaptation consiste à définir les modèles, à paramétrer les méthodes et, dans certains cas, à recueillir des données d'entraînement.Du point de vue expérimental, les développements théoriques sont validés sur des données issues d'un robot réel sans train directeur et de simulations.Littérairement, ce mémoire détaille ces travaux en cinq chapitres. Le premier chapitre introduit le contexte de la thèse. Le second définit la problématique, les hypothèses proposées et décrit l'état de la littérature sur les méthodes de diagnostic de défauts. Les développements théoriques portant sur le système de supervision du diagnostic de défauts robot et sur les outils aboutissant à son paramétrage sont décrits dans les deux chapitres qui suivent.Les résultats de la mise en œuvre des développements théoriques en simulation et sur un cas réel de robot sont montrés et discutés dans le cinquième chapitre.Enfin, une conclusion et les perspectives envisageables de ces travaux sont présentéesRobotics is becoming increasingly important in a wide variety of sectors. Its development has been favored by the interest for Man to have autonomous entities capable of helping him to perform actions that are difficult or impossible for human being, either because of their painfulness or because of their dangerousness. The Mobile robotics, one of the sectors of robotics, pursues this objective thanks to technological and scientific advances in different areas such as mechanics, electronics, automation and computer science. These robots navigate autonomously in complex environments and over long periods of time. Their algorithms guarantee a certain robustness while dealing with foreseen situations.However, in some situations (malfunctioning of a physical component of the robot, loss in GPS signal while executing a trajectory tracking task, etc.), the appearance of a fault may cause the robot to fail in its mission.In order to avoid this type of situation, real-time fault diagnosis integrating a human operator in its fault detection and fault accommodation loops appears to be a possible and potentially effective solution. The work described is aimed at this objective. It offers, on the one hand, a fault diagnosis supervision system of a mobile robot and, on the other hand, a set of tools for modeling, parameterizing and applying for diagnosis methods to potential fault of a robot.The first part of the contributions is composed of two modules. The first module is a hybrid diagnostic method that implements several approaches and types of fault diagnosis approach. This method can diagnose a defined list of faults in real time. The second is a human/robot interaction module allowing the integration of the operator in the diagnostic loop by proposing/validating solutions and by correcting, if necessary, the decisions made by the proposed hybrid method. This module integrates a knowledge database and a case-based reasoning algorithm allowing to save the history of the decisions made by the operator, considered expert, in order to improve his performance continuously.The second part details the approach done off-line and upstream to the implementation of the hybrid diagnostic method. This approach includes the characterization of the considered faults, the definition and the adaptation of the diagnosis methods making it possible to diagnose the identified faults. The adaptation consists of defining the models, adjusting the parameters and, in some cases, collecting training data. From experimental point of view, the theoretical developments are validated on data coming from a real skid-steering robot and from simulations.Literally, this document details these works in five chapters. The first chapter introduces the context of the thesis. The second defines the problem statement, the proposed hypotheses and describes the state of the literature of fault diagnosis methods. Theoretical developments concerning fault diagnosis supervision system of mobile robotics and the tools leading to its configuration are described in two chapters that follow. The application results of the theoretical developments in simulation and on a real robot case are shown and discussed in the fifth chapter. Finally, a conclusion and the possible perspectives of this work are presented
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Qiu, Jiancheng. "A layered control architecture for mobile robot navigation." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/622047.
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This thesis addresses the problem of how to control an autonomous mobile robot navigation in indoor environments, in the face of sensor noise, imprecise information, uncertainty and limited response time. The thesis argues that the effective control of autonomous mobile robots can be achieved by organising low level and higher level control activities into a layered architecture. The low level reactive control allows the robot to respond to contingencies quickly. The higher level control allows the robot to make longer term decisions and arranges appropriate sequences for a task execution. The thesis describes the design and implementation of a two layer control architecture, a task template based sequencing layer and a fuzzy behaviour based low level control layer. The sequencing layer works at the pace of the higher level of abstraction, interprets a task plan, mediates and monitors the controlling activities. While the low level performs fast computation in response to dynamic changes in the real world and carries out robust control under uncertainty. The organisation and fusion of fuzzy behaviours are described extensively for the construction of a low level control system. A learning methodology is also developed to systematically learn fuzzy behaviours and the behaviour selection network and therefore solve the difficulties in configuring the low level control layer. A two layer control system has been implemented and used to control a simulated mobile robot performing two tasks in simulated indoor environments. The effectiveness of the layered control and learning methodology is demonstrated through the traces of controlling activities at the two different levels. The results also show a general design methodology that the high level should be used to guide the robot's actions while the low level takes care of detailed control in the face of sensor noise and environment uncertainty in real time.
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Winter, Pieter Arnoldus. "Position control of a mobile robot /." Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1317.
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Frontoni, Emanuele. "Vision based mobile robotics. Mobile robot localization using vision sensors and active probabilistic approaches." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242624.
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Biddlestone, Scott. "Collaborative Motion for Mobile Platforms." Thesis, The Ohio State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3734570.
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In dense cluttered environments, autonomous physical agents will face many challenges including limited routes, obstructed sensors, and limited communication. Equipping the agents with inter-agent communication alleviates some of the issues, but providing a mechanism for forming groups allows the agents to work together efficiently by avoiding congestion in tight areas and providing redundancy to accomplish a task. This thesis presents a framework for decentralized collaborative group formations and a framework for augmenting that with a more strategic centralized approach. This thesis will investigate a strategy for the formation of hierarchical ad-hoc groups that provide a simple interface for joining and splitting groups. After formation these groups will use peer to peer algorithms to share sensor data and perform distributed task allocation within the group. The groups can either be controlled by a static base-station or use a decentralized framework if communication to the base-station is lost. When communication is restored, the peer to peer algorithms will be used to spread the data to as many agents as possible to avoid data loss. A radio propagation model is also presented to simulate communication in indoor and simulated environments, as well as estimated propagation for use in path planning. This framework will also allow the agent's high level decision making to modify its role depending on group consensus.
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Yavuz, Hakan. "Conceptual design and development of an autonomous mobile robot." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310525.
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Kirke, Alexis John. "Learning and co-operation in mobile multi-robot systems." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1984.
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This thesis addresses the problem of setting the balance between exploration and exploitation in teams of learning robots who exchange information. Specifically it looks at groups of robots whose tasks include moving between salient points in the environment. To deal with unknown and dynamic environments,such robots need to be able to discover and learn the routes between these points themselves. A natural extension of this scenario is to allow the robots to exchange learned routes so that only one robot needs to learn a route for the whole team to use that route. One contribution of this thesis is to identify a dilemma created by this extension: that once one robot has learned a route between two points, all other robots will follow that route without looking for shorter versions. This trade-off will be labeled the Distributed Exploration vs. Exploitation Dilemma, since increasing distributed exploitation (allowing robots to exchange more routes) means decreasing distributed exploration (reducing robots ability to learn new versions of routes), and vice-versa. At different times, teams may be required with different balances of exploitation and exploration. The main contribution of this thesis is to present a system for setting the balance between exploration and exploitation in a group of robots. This system is demonstrated through experiments involving simulated robot teams. The experiments show that increasing and decreasing the value of a parameter of the novel system will lead to a significant increase and decrease respectively in average exploitation (and an equivalent decrease and increase in average exploration) over a series of team missions. A further set of experiments show that this holds true for a range of team sizes and numbers of goals.
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Perko, Eric Michael. "Precision Navigation for Indoor Mobile Robots." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1345513785.
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Amayo, Paul Omondi. "Biologically inspired goal directed navigation for mobile robots." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20512.
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This project involved an investigation into low-cost navigation of mobile robots with the aim of creating and adaptive navigation system inspired by behaviour seen in animals. The navigation module developed here would need to be able to successfully localise a robot and navigate it to a defined target. A critical literature review was carried out of current localisation and path-planning architectures and a bio-inspired approach using an Echo State Network and Liquid State Machine architecture was chosen as the base for the navigation modules. The navigation module implemented in this work is trained to navigate and localise itself in different environments drawing its inspiration from the behaviour of small rodents. These architectures were adapted for use by a robot with a view on the physical implementation of these architectures on an embedded low-cost robot using a Raspberry Pi computer. This robot was then built using low-cost, noisy proximity sensors which formed the inputs to the navigation modules. Before the deployment on the embedded robot the system was tested and validated in a full physics simulator. While the training of the Echo State Networks and Liquid State Machine has been carried out in the literature by the offline method of linear regression, in this work we introduce a novel way of training these networks that is online using concepts from adaptive filters. This online method increases the adaptability of this system while significantly decreasing its memory requirements making it very attractive for low-cost embedded robots. The end result from the project was a functioning navigation module using an Echo State Network that was able to navigate the robot to a target position as well as learn new paths, either using offline or online methods. The results showed that the Echo State Network approach was valid both in simulation and practically as a base for creating navigation modules for low-cost robots and could also lead to more efficient and adaptable robots being developed if the training was carried out in an online manner. The increased computational complexity of implementing the liquid State machine on analytical machines however made it unsuitable for deployment on robots using embedded micro-controllers.
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Bergfeldt, Niklas. "Cooperative Robotics : A Survey." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-473.
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This dissertation aims to present a structured overview of the state-of-the-art in cooperative robotics research. As we illustrate in this dissertation, there are several interesting aspects that draws attention to the field, among which 'Life Sciences' and 'Applied AI' are emphasized. We analyse the key concepts and main research issues within the field, and discuss its relations to other disciplines, including cognitive science, biology, artificial life and engineering. In particular it can be noted that the study of collective robot behaviour has drawn much inspiration from studies of animal behaviour. In this dissertation we also analyse one of the most attractive research areas within cooperative robotics today, namely RoboCup. Finally, we present a hierarchy of levels and mechanisms of cooperation in robots and animals, which we illustrate with examples and discussions.
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Citron, Connor. "Stereo Vision System Module for Low-Cost FPGAs for Autonomous Mobile Robots." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1298.
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Stereo vision uses two adjacent cameras to create a 3D image of the world. A depth map can be created by comparing the offset of the corresponding pixels from the two cameras. However, for real-time stereo vision, the image data needs to be processed at a reasonable frame rate. Real-time stereo vision allows for mobile robots to more easily navigate terrain and interact with objects by providing both the images from the cameras and the depth of the objects. Fortunately, the image processing can be parallelized in order to increase the processing speed. Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are highly parallelizable and lend themselves well to this problem.
This thesis presents a stereo vision module which uses the Sum of Absolute Differences (SAD) algorithm. The SAD algorithm uses regions of pixels called windows to compare pixels to find matching pairs for determining depth. Two implementations are presented that utilize the SAD algorithm differently. The first implementation uses a 9x9 window for comparison and is able to process 4 pixels simultaneously. The second implementation uses a 7x7 window and processes 2 pixels simultaneously, but parallelizes each SAD algorithm for faster processing. The 9x9 implementation creates a better depth image with less noise, but the 7x7 implementation processes images at a higher frame rate. It has been shown through simulation that the 9x9 and 7x7 are able to process an image size of 640x480 at a frame rate of 15.73 and 29.32, respectively.
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Ko, Wen-Shen. "A navigation strategy for mobile robots in a manufacturing environment." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-navigation-strategy-for-mobile-robots-in-a-manufacturing-environment(f586b9b9-1f4d-4ec7-a395-15365c613b6b).html.
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Bartholomew, Paul D. "Optimal behavior composition for robotics." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51872.
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The development of a humanoid robot that mimics human motion requires extensive programming as well as understanding the motion limitations of the robot. Programming the countless possibilities for a robot’s response to observed human motion can be time consuming. To simplify this process, this thesis presents a new approach for mimicking captured human motion data through the development of a composition routine. This routine is built upon a behavior-based framework and is coupled with optimization by calculus to determine the appropriate weightings of predetermined motion behaviors. The completion of this thesis helps to fill a void in human/robot interactions involving mimicry and behavior-based design. Technological advancements in the way computers and robots identify human motion and determine for themselves how to approximate that motion have helped make possible the mimicry of observed human subjects. In fact, many researchers have developed humanoid systems that are capable of mimicking human motion data; however, these systems do not use behavior-based design. This thesis will explain the framework and theory behind our optimal behavior composition algorithm and the selection of sinusoidal motion primitives that make up a behavior library. This algorithm breaks captured motion data into various time intervals, then optimally weights the defined behaviors to best approximate the captured data. Since this routine does not reference previous or following motion sequences, discontinuities may exist between time intervals. To address this issue, the addition of a PI controller to regulate and smooth out the transitions between time intervals will be shown. The effectiveness of using the optimal behavior composition algorithm to create an approximated motion that mimics capture motion data will be demonstrated through an example configuration of hardware and a humanoid robot platform. An example of arm motion mimicry will be presented and includes various image sequences from the mimicry as well as trajectories containing the joint positions for both the human and the robot.
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Rogers, Adam Gregory. "Precision mechatronics lab robot development." Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85854.
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This thesis presents the results from a modification of a previously existing research
project titled the Intelligent Pothole Repair Vehicle (IPRV). The direction of the
research in this thesis was changed toward the development of an industrially based
mobile robot. The principal goal of this work was the demonstration of the Precision
Mechatronics Lab (PML) robot. This robot should be capable of traversing any known
distance while maintaining a minimal position error. An optical correction capability
has been added with the addition of a webcam and the appropriate image processing
software. The primary development goal was the ability to maintain the accuracy and
performance of the robot with inexpensive and low-resolution hardware. Combining the
two abilities of dead-reckoning and optical correction on a single platform will yield a
robot with the ability to accurately travel any distance. As shown in this thesis, the
additional capability of off-loading its visual processing tasks to a remote computer
allows the PML robot to be developed with less expensive hardware. The majority of
the literature research presented in this paper is in the area of visual processing. Various
methods used in industry to accomplish robotic mobility, optical processing, image
enhancement, and target interception have been presented. This background material is
important in understanding the complexity of this field of research and the potential
application of the work conducted in this thesis. The methods shown in this research can
be extended to other small robotic vehicles, with two separate drive wheels. An
empirical method based upon system identification was used to develop the motion
controllers. This research demonstrates a successful combination of a dead-reckoning capability, an optical correction method, and a simplified controller methodology
capable of accurate path following. Implementation of this procedure could be extended
to multiple and inexpensive robots used in a manufacturing setting.
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Li, Jun. "Learning reactive behaviors with constructive neural networks in mobile robotics /." Örebro : Örebro universitet : Universitetsbiblioteket, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-629.
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Al-Ayasrah, Omar Mahmood Mohammad. "Novel cross-coupling control for motion controller for mobile robotics." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431720.
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Mortensen, Christian. "Fault Detection in Mobile Robotics using Autoencoder and Mahalanobis Distance." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-54692.
Full textAbstract:
Intelligent fault detection systems using machine learning can be applied to learn to spot anomalies in signals sampled directly from machinery. As a result, expensive repair costs due to mechanical breakdowns and potential harm to humans due to malfunctioning equipment can be prevented. In recent years, Autoencoders have been applied for fault detection in areas such as industrial manufacturing. It has been shown that they are well suited for the purpose as such models can learn to recognize healthy signals that facilitate the detection of anomalies. The content of this thesis is an investigation into the applicability of Autoencoders for fault detection in mobile robotics by assigning anomaly scores to sampled torque signals based on the Autoencoder reconstruction errors and the Mahalanobis distance to a known distribution of healthy errors. An experiment was carried out by training a model with signals recorded from a four-wheeled mobile robot executing a pre-defined diagnostics routine to stress the motors, and datasets of healthy samples along with three different injected faults were created. The model produced overall greater anomaly scores for one of the fault cases in comparison to the healthy data. However, the two other cases did not yield any difference in anomaly scores due to the faults not impacting the pattern of the signals. Additionally, the Autoencoders ability to isolate a fault to a location was studied by examining the reconstruction errors faulty samples determine whether the errors of signals originating from the faulty component could be used for this purpose. Although we could not confirm this based on the results, fault isolation with Autoencoders could still be possible given more representative signals.