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Journal articles on the topic 'MM models'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Zhou, Hua, Liuyi Hu, Jin Zhou, and Kenneth Lange. "MM Algorithms for Variance Components Models." Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 28, no. 2 (March 9, 2019): 350–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10618600.2018.1529601.

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2

Chen, Huajie, Christoph Ortner, and Yangshuai Wang. "QM/MM Methods for Crystalline Defects. Part 3: Machine-Learned MM Models." Multiscale Modeling & Simulation 20, no. 4 (December 20, 2022): 1490–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/21m1441122.

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3

Sánchez, José David Vega, Luis Urquiza-Aguiar, and Martha Cecilia Paredes Paredes. "Fading Channel Models for mm-Wave Communications." Electronics 10, no. 7 (March 27, 2021): 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070798.

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A realistic performance assessment of any wireless communication system requires the use of a fading channel model that reflects its main characteristics. The traditional Rayleigh and Nakagami-m models have been (and still are) the basis of most theoretical research on wireless technologies today, even for emerging technologies, such as millimeter-wave communications (mm-Wave). In this article, we show that the fluctuating multiple-ray (FMR) and κ-μ shadowed models had a better fit (i.e., lowest mean square error statistical test) to field measurements in outdoor environments at 28 GHz than the conventional channel models. Therefore, these generalized models are feasible alternatives that can be used as a benchmark when evaluating communication performance in mm-Wave scenarios.

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4

Hunter, David R. "MM algorithms for generalized Bradley-Terry models." Annals of Statistics 32, no. 1 (February 2003): 384–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/aos/1079120141.

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5

Sanchez, Eric, Haiming Chen, and James R. Berenson. "In vivo models of multiple myeloma (MM)." Biochemical Pharmacology 89, no. 3 (June 2014): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2014.03.013.

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6

SARC European Project. "Parallel Programming Models for Heterogeneous Multicore Architectures." IEEE Micro 30, no. 5 (September 2010): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mm.2010.94.

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7

Singh, Abhayendra, Satish Narayanasamy, Daniel Marino, Todd Millstein, and Madanlal Musuvathi. "A Safety-First Approach to Memory Models." IEEE Micro 33, no. 3 (May 2013): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mm.2013.50.

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8

Warner, W. S. "Creating digital terrain models from 35 mm PHOTOGRAPHY." Photogrammetric Record 13, no. 74 (August 26, 2006): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1989.tb00676.x.

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9

James, Jonathan. "MM Algorithm for General Mixed Multinomial Logit Models." Journal of Applied Econometrics 32, no. 4 (June 20, 2016): 841–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jae.2532.

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10

Forte, Santiago, and Lidija Lovreta. "Endogenizing exogenous default barrier models: The MM algorithm." Journal of Banking & Finance 36, no. 6 (June 2012): 1639–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2012.01.010.

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11

Lustig, Daniel, Michael Pellauer, and Margaret Martonosi. "Verifying Correct Microarchitectural Enforcement of Memory Consistency Models." IEEE Micro 35, no. 3 (May 2015): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mm.2015.47.

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12

Lustig, Daniel, Geet Sethi, Abhishek Bhattacharjee, and Margaret Martonosi. "Transistency Models: Memory Ordering at the Hardware-OS Interface." IEEE Micro 37, no. 3 (2017): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mm.2017.69.

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13

Wang, Peng, Dan Meng, Jizhong Han, Jianfeng Zhan, Bibo Tu, Xiaofeng Shi, and Le Wan. "Transformer: A New Paradigm for Building Data-Parallel Programming Models." IEEE Micro 30, no. 4 (July 2010): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mm.2010.75.

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14

陈, 琳. "Comparison of Business Models of Fresh Food E-Commerce Diversified Business Models and Analysis of Financial Strategies from the Perspective of Enterprise Life Cycle." Modern Management 11, no. 10 (2021): 1076–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/mm.2021.1110134.

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15

Ye, Niangen, Sheng Zhong, Zile Fang, Haijun Gao, Zhihua Du, Heng Chen, Lu Yuan, and Tao Pan. "Performance Improvement of NIR Spectral Pattern Recognition from Three Compensation Models’ Voting and Multi-Modal Fusion." Molecules 27, no. 14 (July 13, 2022): 4485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27144485.

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Inspired by aquaphotomics, the optical path length of measurement was regarded as a perturbation factor. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with multi-measurement modals was applied to the discriminant analysis of three categories of drinking water. Moving window-k nearest neighbor (MW-kNN) and Norris derivative filter were used for modeling and optimization. Drawing on the idea of game theory, the strategy for two-category priority compensation and three-model voting with multi-modal fusion was proposed. Moving window correlation coefficient (MWCC), inter-category and intra-category MWCC spectra, and k-shortest distances plotting with MW-kNN were proposed to evaluate weak differences between two spectral populations. For three measurement modals (1 mm, 4 mm, and 10 mm), the optimal MW-kNN models, and two-category priority compensation models were determined. The joint models for three compensation models’ voting were established. Comprehensive discrimination effects of joint models were better than their sub-models; multi-modal fusion was better than single-modal fusion. The best joint model was the dual-modal fusion of compensation models of one- and two-category priority (1 mm), one- and three-category priority (10 mm), and two- and three-category priority (1 mm), validation’s total recognition accuracy rate reached 95.5%. It fused long-wave models (1 mm, containing 1450 nm) and short-wave models (10 mm, containing 974 nm). The results showed that compensation models’ voting and multi-modal fusion can effectively improve the performance of NIR spectral pattern recognition.

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16

Andrews, D., D. Niehaus, R. Jidin, M. Finley, W. Peck, M. Frisbie, J. Ortiz, Ed Komp, and P. Ashenden. "Programming models for hybrid FPGA-cpu computational components: a missing link." IEEE Micro 24, no. 4 (July 2004): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mm.2004.36.

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17

Tsybrovskyy, O., and A. Berghold. "Application of Multilevel Models to Morphometric Data. Part 1. Linear Models and Hypothesis Testing." Analytical Cellular Pathology 25, no. 4 (2003): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2003/506712.

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Morphometric data usually have a hierarchical structure (i.e., cells are nested within patients), which should be taken into consideration in the analysis. In the recent years, special methods of handling hierarchical data, called multilevel models (MM), as well as corresponding software have received considerable development. However, there has been no application of these methods to morphometric data yet. In this paper we report our first experience of analyzing karyometric data by means of MLwiN – a dedicated program for multilevel modeling. Our data were obtained from 34 follicular adenomas and 44 follicular carcinomas of the thyroid. We show examples of fitting and interpreting MM of different complexity, and draw a number of interesting conclusions about the differences in nuclear morphology between follicular thyroid adenomas and carcinomas. We also demonstrate substantial advantages of multilevel models over conventional, single‐level statistics, which have been adopted previously to analyze karyometric data. In addition, some theoretical issues related to MM as well as major statistical software for MM are briefly reviewed.

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18

Melamed, Eyal A., Lew C. Schon, Mark S. Myerson, and Brent G. Parks. "Two Modifications of the Weil Osteotomy: Analysis on Sawbone Models." Foot & Ankle International 23, no. 5 (May 2002): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110070202300505.

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Second metatarsal osteotomies (30° angle to shaft) were performed in 40 sawbones with: 1. head shifted proximally 5 mm; 2. head shifted proximally 10 mm; 3. 5-mm slice resected and head shifted proximally 5 mm; or 4. 5-mm dorsally based wedge resected and head shifted proximally 5 mm. Bone slice resection resulted in shortening (16.4 ± 1.7 mm) and mild plantar displacement of the head (3.5 + 0.8 mm). Bone wedge excision resulted in moderate shortening (7.8±0.9 mm) and essentially no plantar displacement of the head (0.8±1.4 mm).

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19

Beenen, A., G. Spanner, and R. Niessner. "Photoacoustic Depth-Resolved Analysis of Tissue Models." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 1 (January 1997): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971938966.

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Pulsed photoacoustic laser spectroscopy was used for depth-resolved analysis of artificial tissue models. The technique was applied to investigate the spatial resolution capabilities of a fiber-optical-coupled photoacoustic sensor head. The time-resolved measurements confirmed the theoretical predictions of a depth resolution of 0.1 mm. In an adapted skin model, a strongly absorbing target could be detected up to a layer depth of 14 mm. At a layer depth of 5 mm, a lateral resolution of 3.5 mm was achieved. Because of the depth-resolving capability, this method is well suited as a complementary approach for two-dimensional imaging techniques.

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20

王, 鹏飞. "A Review on the Models Study of the User Behavior of BIM in Construction Industry." Modern Management 09, no. 04 (2019): 503–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/mm.2019.94062.

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21

Samra, Adriana Postiglione Buhrer, Marcos Pomini, Francielly Granville, Adrielly Zavolski, Fabio Brasil de Oliveira, and Ariangelo Hauer Dias. "Three-dimensional printed models versus conventional stone models." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 19 (October 7, 2020): e209937. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8659937.

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Aim: To compare the accuracy (trueness and precision)of cost-accessible three-dimensional (3D) printed models.Methods: A maxillary typodont (MM) was scanned andprinted 10 times in polylactic acid, resulting in 10 digitalmodels (DMs). Polyvinylsiloxane impressions were made toobtain 10 conventional stone models (SMs). All models werescanned and imported to CloudCompare software. The totalarea and three locations of interest were evaluated (zenith toincisal [Z-I], canine to canine [C-C], and first molar to canine[1M-C] distances). Total area evaluations were performed byaligning the MM and experimental models using the best-fitalgorithm and were compared using the Haussdorf distance.The distances between points of interest were measured usingthe point-picking tool at the same 3D coordinates. The meanvolumetric deviations were considered for trueness analysis.Precision was set as the standard deviation. Statisticaldifferences were evaluated using the Student’s t-test. Results:Total area volumetric comparisons showed that DMs showedsuperior trueness and precision (-0.02 ± 0.03) compared tothe SMs (0.37 ± 0.29) (P < 0.001). No differences between themodels were observed for Z-I (P = .155); however, SMs showedfewer deviations for C-C (P = .035) and 1M-C (P = .001) thanDMs. Conclusions: The DMs presented superior trueness andprecision for total area compared to the SMs; however, the SMswere more accurate when points of interest were evaluated.

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22

Sproviero, Eduardo M., José A. Gascón, James P. McEvoy, Gary W. Brudvig, and Victor S. Batista. "QM/MM Models of the O2-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II." Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 2, no. 4 (May 2, 2006): 1119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ct060018l.

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23

Caprasecca, Stefano, Sandro Jurinovich, Lucas Viani, Carles Curutchet, and Benedetta Mennucci. "Geometry Optimization in Polarizable QM/MM Models: The Induced Dipole Formulation." Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 10, no. 4 (March 21, 2014): 1588–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ct500021d.

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24

Chung, Jae Yoon, Hwan Won Chung, Seung Joo Cho, Jung-Mi Hah, and Art E. Cho. "QM/MM based 3D QSAR models for potent B-Raf inhibitors." Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design 24, no. 5 (April 1, 2010): 385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10822-010-9337-5.

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25

Wu, Q., B. Tyler, L. Sukay, L. Rhines, F. Dimeco, R. E. Clatterbuck, M. Guarnieri, and B. S. Carson. "Experimental Rodent Models of Brainstem Tumors." Veterinary Pathology 39, no. 3 (May 2002): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.39-3-293.

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Despite recent advances in surgical technology, resection is not an option for many brainstem tumors. Experimental models have played essential roles in examining new approaches to therapy. The objective of the present study was to generate models by determining coordinates for safe inoculation into the brainstem of mice and rats, and to establish whether the implantation of heterotopic cells would create reproducible survival curves. Morbidity and survival studies were used to map stereotactic coordinates allowing successful inoculation of tumor cells. Survival studies were used to investigate the time course of tumor growth. Tumor location was examined by light microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. Mice survived injections of 2 μL of saline at interaural, lateral, and depth coordinates of −2.5, 1.0, and 3.5 mm and −1.5, 1.0, and 3.5 mm. Rats survived injections at interaural, lateral, and depth coordinates of −2.0, 2.0, and 7.0 mm and −3.0, 0, and 7.0 mm. Median survival of mice challenged with 5 × 105 EMT6 and 104 B16 tumor cells was 11 and 10 days, respectively. Median survival for rats challenged with 104 9L and F98 cells was 14 and 13 days, respectively. The present study demonstrates a feasible approach to preparing models of brainstem tumors. Limitations of these models are discussed.

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26

Silbernagel, John T., Ann L. Johnson, Gerald J. Pijanowski, Nichole Ehrhart, and David J. Schaeffer. "A Mechanical Comparison of 4.5 mm Narrow and 3.5 mm Broad Plating Systems for Stabilization of Gapped Fracture Models." Veterinary Surgery 33, no. 2 (March 2004): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.2004.04025.x.

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27

Batlolona, J. R., S. Singerin, and M. Diantoro. "Influence of Problem Based Learning Model on Student Mental Models." Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia 16, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v16i1.14253.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the development of mental models (MM) of students as well as to analyze the differences in MM based on the learning model used. This research is expected to be a guide for teachers in exploring the concept of physics as a whole. The study was conducted at the high school level with a medium level school category. The research method used mixed methods embedded experimental models with surface level, matching and deep (SMD) diagnostic test instruments. The results of the study showed that there were an increase on students’ MM at each meeting in the SMD level. Other results show that there are differences in the mean scores corrected between levels of the learning model. The mean score corrected PBL mental model is significantly different from conventional. The increase in MM students with PBL was higher than the increase in MM students with conventional learning. Thus, PBL can be recommended to increase MM students' physics of high school students.

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28

熊, 肖琳. "A Comparative Study of the Human Resource Management Models of Chinese and American Platform Enterprises under the Sharing Economy." Modern Management 10, no. 01 (2020): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/mm.2020.101014.

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29

Petersen, Eric, and Charles Gammie. "Non-thermal models for infrared flares from Sgr A*." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 494, no. 4 (May 1, 2020): 5923–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa826.

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ABSTRACT Recent observations with mm very long baseline interferometry (mm-VLBI) and near-infrared (NIR) interferometry provide mm images and NIR centroid proper motion for Sgr A*. Of particular interest are the NIR flares that have more than an order of magnitude higher flux density than the quiescent state. Here, we model the flares using time-dependent, axisymmetric, general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations with an electron distribution function that includes a small, variable, non-thermal component motivated by magnetic reconnection models. The models simultaneously match the observed mm mean flux density, mm image size, NIR quiescent flux density, NIR flare flux density, and NIR spectral slope. They also provide a better fit to the observed NIR flux density probability density function than previously reported models by reproducing the power-law tail at high flux density, though with some discrepancy at low flux density. Further, our modelled NIR image centroid shows very little movement: centroid excursions of more than 10 μas (the resolution of GRAVITY) are rare and uncorrelated with flux.

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30

Salama, Yousef, Andries Hendrik Heida, Kazuaki Yokoyama, Satoshi Takahashi, Koichi Hattori, and Beate Heissig. "The EGFL7-ITGB3-KLF2 axis enhances survival of multiple myeloma in preclinical models." Blood Advances 4, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 1021–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001002.

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Abstract Angiogenic factors play a key role in multiple myeloma (MM) growth, relapse, and drug resistance. Here we show that malignant plasma cells (cell lines and patient-derived MM cells) express angiocrine factor EGF like-7 (EGFL7) mRNA and protein. MM cells both produced EGFL7 and expressed the functional EGFL7 receptor integrin β 3 (ITGB3), resulting in ITGB3 phosphorylation and focal adhesion kinase activation. Overexpression of ITGB3 or EGFL7 enhanced MM cell adhesion and proliferation. Intriguingly, ITGB3 overexpression upregulated the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), which further enhanced EGFL7 transcription in MM cells, thereby establishing an EGFL7-ITGB3-KLF2-EGFL7 amplification loop that supports MM cell survival and proliferation. EGFL7 expression was found in certain plasma cells of patients with refractory MM and of patients at primary diagnosis. NOD.CB17-Prkdc<scid>/J mice transplanted with MM cells showed elevated human plasma EGFL7 levels. EGFL7 knockdown in patient-derived MM cells and treatment with neutralizing antibodies against EGFL7 inhibited MM cell growth in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that the standard-of-care MM drug bortezomib upregulates EGFL7, ITGB3, and KLF2 expression in MM cells. Inhibition of EGFL7 signaling in synergy with BTZ may provide a novel strategy for inhibiting MM cell proliferation.

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31

Cárdenas Gutiérrez, Javier Alfonso, Jose Leonardo Jacome Carrascal, and Mawency Vergel Ortega. "Determination of potential and actual evapotranspiration in watershed, using mathematical models." Revista Boletín Redipe 10, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36260/rbr.v10i3.1230.

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In this research, it is analyzed the calculation of real evapotranspiration in hydrographic basins, it is taken as a reference the Aguablanca Creek, located in the municipality of Bochalema, North of Santander-Colombia, where it is evaluated the hydrologic balance of this basin from the determination of detailed calculations of four mathematical models, to later evaluate the hydrologic balance of this basin, with the purpose of being able to make a better administration of these resources, as well as the use of the soil, betting on the development of an ecologically sustainable society with low environmental impact. The values of potential and real evapotranspiration, according to the most optimal model ETP Thorwaite 874 mm/year ETR 43712 mm/year, Cenicafe 712.81 mm/year ETR 612.1 mm/year Turc ETR 884.83 mm/year quota ETR 825 mm/year.

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32

Xu, Lei, Huiyong Sun, Youyong Li, Junmei Wang, and Tingjun Hou. "Assessing the Performance of MM/PBSA and MM/GBSA Methods. 3. The Impact of Force Fields and Ligand Charge Models." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 117, no. 28 (July 8, 2013): 8408–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp404160y.

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33

Bondarenko, М., V. Кulyk, O. Dmytrenko, S. Danyliv, O. Stasiv, and V. Karmazenko. "PHYSICAL MODELING FOR DENSITY MEASUREMENT OF NEAR-SURFACE ROCKS, BY WIRELINE LOGGING AND LOGGING WHILE DRILLING." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 1 (92) (2021): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.92.05.

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The results of the creation of full-scale physical models of rocks for the calibration of combined tools of radioactive logging, which include density logging, are presented. Four sets of models were built for different logging problems. 1. Models of porous carbonate reservoirs with borehole (diameter 216 mm), equipped with interchangeable simulators of casing columns (146 mm і 168 mm) with cement sheath and tubing. The models are aimed to calibrate wireline logging tools for investigating the section of uncased and cased oil&gas wells. 2. Models of rocks of different density with borehole (160 mm), equipped with interchangeable drill collars (120 mm, 108 mm, 89 mm). The models are designed to calibrate density tools for logging while drilling horizontal oil&gas wells. 3. Universal models of porous carbonate reservoirs, crossed by holes of three diameters (200 mm, 160 mm, 125 mm). The purpose of the models is to calibrate wireline logging tools for investigation of section of uncased and cased oil&gas wells and tools for logging while drilling horizontal oil&gas wells. 4. Models of near-surface rocks of different density, equipped with a steel pipe (diameter of 51 mm) closely fitting to rock. The purpose of the models is to calibrate density tools for investigation of near-surface rocks when solving engineering-geological, seismic microzoning, ecological, etc problems. Physical models were designed and constructed by the employees of the Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine together with partner organizations. The regular use of the models is due to the active work carried out by the Institute of Geophysics, together with partners, to create apparatus-methodical complexes of radioactive logging, which include the density logging. Graduation relationships and calibration functions for new density logging tools, obtained on the constructed physical models, as well as examples of density determination in different well conditions when solving research-and-production problems, are given.

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34

Schulz, Christine E., Maurice van Gastel, Dimitrios A. Pantazis, and Frank Neese. "Converged Structural and Spectroscopic Properties for Refined QM/MM Models of Azurin." Inorganic Chemistry 60, no. 10 (May 3, 2021): 7399–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00640.

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35

Qu, Li. "A new approach to estimating earnings forecasting models: Robust regression MM-estimation." International Journal of Forecasting 37, no. 2 (April 2021): 1011–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijforecast.2020.11.003.

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36

ABOU-ELNOUR, ALI. "PERFORMANCE LIMITS OF SIMULATION MODELS FOR NOISE CHARACTERIZATION OF MM WAVE DEVICES." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 07, no. 03 (September 2007): L299—L312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477507003957.

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Based on Boltzmann transport equation, the drift-diffusion, hydrodynamic, and Monte-Carlo physical simulators are accurately developed. For each simulator, the model equations are self-consistently solved with Poisson equation, and with Schrödinger equation when quantization effects take place, in one and two-dimensions to characterize the operation and optimize the structure of mm-wave devices. The effects of the device dimensions, biasing conditions, and operating frequencies on the accuracy of results obtained from the simulators are thoroughly investigated. Based on physical understanding of the models, the simulation results are analyzed to fully determine the limits at which a certain device simulator can be accurately and efficiently used to characterize the noise behavior of mm-wave devices.

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37

Menger, Maximilian F. S. J., Stefano Caprasecca, and Benedetta Mennucci. "Excited-State Gradients in Polarizable QM/MM Models: An Induced Dipole Formulation." Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 13, no. 8 (July 27, 2017): 3778–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00475.

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38

Boereboom, Jelle M., Paul Fleurat-Lessard, and Rosa E. Bulo. "Explicit Solvation Matters: Performance of QM/MM Solvation Models in Nucleophilic Addition." Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 14, no. 4 (February 13, 2018): 1841–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.7b01206.

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39

Bansal, Prateek, Ricardo A. Daziano, and Erick Guerra. "Minorization-Maximization (MM) algorithms for semiparametric logit models: Bottlenecks, extensions, and comparisons." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 115 (September 2018): 17–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2018.06.010.

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40

Waller, Mark P, Michael Bühl, K. R. Geethalakshmi, Dongqi Wang, and Walter Thiel. "51V NMR Chemical Shifts Calculated from QM/MM Models of Vanadium Chloroperoxidase." Chemistry - A European Journal 13, no. 17 (June 4, 2007): 4723–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200700295.

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41

Morisot, Nadege, Julian Tam, Nicole Dailey, Tina Davis, Jacinda Chen, Janeen Islar, Luxuan Buren, et al. "Abstract 6004: Surveying surface antigen expression in multiple myeloma preclinical models." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 6004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-6004.

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Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a progressive hematological cancer with a 5-year survival rate of 53% (1). Novel therapeutic strategies are being developed to target specific MM surface antigens. Yet, changes in antigen expression through MM progression are poorly understood in the clinic and have not been well characterized in preclinical models. Here, we were interested in understanding how BCMA, CD38, CD138 and HLA-DR surface expression patterns may be affected as MM progresses in preclinical models. To do so, ARH-77 and RPMI-8226 cells were inoculated subcutaneously while MM.1S, MM.1R, U266 and NCI-H929 cells were dosed intravenously into NSG mice. Tumor xenograft or bone marrow, whole blood and spleen were processed for flow cytometry analysis. Antigen expression was measured at different stages of tumor progression as well as in vitro. Soluble BCMA levels were assessed in the mouse serum by ELISA. ARH-77 and RPMI-8226 subcutaneous xenografts show preferential growth when inoculated in PBS and 50% growth factor-reduced Matrigel, respectively. BCMA expression was reduced in both ARH-77 and RPMI-8226 xenografts compared to in vitro culture. CD38 and HLA-DR expression increased as ARH-77/PBS and RPMI-8226/Matrigel tumor volume progressed. All 4 antigens were detected in the bone marrow from MM.1S, MM.1R and U266-bearing mice, as early as 5-6 weeks post intravenous injection. In contrast, antigens were not detected in any tissue from mice injected with NCI-H929, likely indicating failed engraftment. At 5 weeks, antigens were detected in the whole blood and spleen in MM.1S-bearing mice only, suggesting organ invasion and a more advanced disease-stage compared to MM.1R or U266. Experiments are being carried out to test antigen expression in tissue at late-stage tumor progression as well as serum BCMA levels in the intravenous MM models. These data highlight antigen expression differences in MM cells when analyzed in mouse tissue compared to in vitro culture. Like the widely variable expression observed between patients (2, 3), BCMA and CD138 were differentially expressed in the mouse bone marrow between models. Our observations suggest that commonly targeted antigens in MM vary kinetically in vivo and can be measured by flow cytometry. The present findings also support the use of RPMI-8226 and MM.1S cell lines when screening for antigen-specific immunotherapies and combinatorial studies for MM treatment. References: 1.Howlader et al. https://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2017 2.Brudno et al. J Clin Oncol. 2018 3.Kawano et al. Int J Oncol. 2012 Citation Format: Nadege Morisot, Julian Tam, Nicole Dailey, Tina Davis, Jacinda Chen, Janeen Islar, Luxuan Buren, Nitin Patel, Sasha Lazetic, Ivan Chan, James B. Trager, Joanne B. Tan. Surveying surface antigen expression in multiple myeloma preclinical models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 6004.

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Mishra, Sushil K., and Jaroslav Koča. "Assessing the Performance of MM/PBSA, MM/GBSA, and QM–MM/GBSA Approaches on Protein/Carbohydrate Complexes: Effect of Implicit Solvent Models, QM Methods, and Entropic Contributions." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 122, no. 34 (August 7, 2018): 8113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b03655.

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Shain, Kenneth H. "Mathematical Models of Cancer Evolution and Cure." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): SCI—55—SCI—55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.sci-55.sci-55.

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You cannot cure what you do not understand. So how can mathematical modeling address this pressing issue? The advances in therapeutic success in multiple myeloma over the last decades have hinged on an an army of researchers identifying a critical genetic, epigenetic and biochemical signaling factors within of MM cells as well as the tumor microenvironment (TME). Unfortunately, despite these large scale efforts we do not yet offer our patients curative intent therapy. The inability to provide curative therapy, especially in the setting of HRMM, is characterized by evolving resistance to lines of sequential therapy as a result of alternating clonal dynamics following the failure of initial therapy to eradicate minimal residual disease (MRD). Recent results underline the importance of tumor heterogeneity, in the form of pre-existing genotypically (and phenotypically) distinct sub-populations that translate to drug-resistant phenotypes leading to treatment failure. This phenomenon of “clonal tides”, has been well characterized using contemporary molecular techniques demonstrating that clonal evolution progresses by different evolutionary patterns across patients. Thus, resistance to therapy is a consequence of Darwinian dynamics- influenced by tumor heterogeneity, genomic instability, the TME (ecosystem), and selective pressures induced by therapy. Such evolutionary principles can be analyzed and exploited by mathematical models to personalize therapeutic options for patients with MM. Currently available clinical decision support tools and physician acumen are not able to account for the shear amount of information available. Mathematical models, however, provide a critical mechanism(s) to account of the large number of aspects to help predict and manage MM- accounting for what we do not know. Models can be designed with the specific intent of characterizing intra-tumoral heterogeneity, changing ecosystems, and clinical parameters over time to create patient-specific clinical predictions much like hurricane prediction models. This can only be achieved by creating mathematical models parameterized by longitudinal data of a number of parameters. The novel application of mathematical models based on Darwinian dynamics can be imputed with data to 1) predict progression events (risk of progression to from smoldering to active MM), 2) relapse, and 3) predictions of clinical response of MM patients for the optimizing therapeutics for cure or optimal control of MM; thus, providing invaluable clinical decision support tools. Disclosures: Shain: Celgene: Consultancy , Speakers Bureau ; Amgen/Onyx: Consultancy , Speakers Bureau ; Takeda: Consultancy , Speakers Bureau ; Signal Genetics: Consultancy , Research Funding.

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Michor, Franziska. "Mathematical Models of Cancer Evolution and Cure." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): SCI—54—SCI—54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.sci-54.sci-54.

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Abstract Since the pioneering work of Salmon and Durie, the availability of a quantitative measure of malignant cell burden in multiple myeloma has been used to make clinical predictions and to model tumor cell growth. Here, we analyzed a large set of tumor response data from three randomized controlled clinical trials (total sample size n=1,469 evaluable patients) to establish and validate a novel mathematical model of MM cell dynamics based on responses to bortezomib-based chemotherapy regimens. Dynamics of treatment response in newly diagnosed patients were most consistent with a mathematical model postulating the existence of two tumor cell subpopulations, "myeloma progenitor cells" and "myeloma differentiated cells". Differential treatment responses were observed with significant tumoricidal effects on myeloma differentiated cells and less clear effects on myeloma progenitor cells. We validated this model using a second trial of newly diagnosed MM patients and a third trial of refractory patients. When applying our model to data of relapsed MM patients, we found that a hybrid mathematical model incorporating both a MM differentiation hierarchy and clonal evolution best explains the tumor response patterns in all patients. The clinical data, together with mathematical modeling, suggest that bortezomib-based therapy exerts a selection pressure on myeloma cells that can shape the disease phenotype, thereby generating further inter-patient variability. This model may be a useful tool for improving the rational design of chemotherapy regimens in multiple myeloma. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Maletzke, André, Denis Dos Reis, Everton Cherman, and Gustavo Batista. "DyS: A Framework for Mixture Models in Quantification." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 4552–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33014552.

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Quantification is an expanding research topic in Machine Learning literature. While in classification we are interested in obtaining the class of individual observations, in quantification we want to estimate the total number of instances that belong to each class. This subtle difference allows the development of several algorithms that incur smaller and more consistent errors than counting the classes issued by a classifier. Among such new quantification methods, one particular family stands out due to its accuracy, simplicity, and ability to operate with imbalanced training samples: Mixture Models (MM). Despite these desirable traits, MM, as a class of algorithms, lacks a more in-depth understanding concerning the influence of internal parameters on its performance. In this paper, we generalize MM with a base framework called DyS: Distribution y-Similarity. With this framework, we perform a thorough evaluation of the most critical design decisions of MM models. For instance, we assess 15 dissimilarity functions to compare histograms with varying numbers of bins from 2 to 110 and, for the first time, make a connection between quantification accuracy and test sample size, with experiments covering 24 public benchmark datasets. We conclude that, when tuned, Topsøe is the histogram distance function that consistently leads to smaller quantification errors and, therefore, is recommended to general use, notwithstanding Hellinger Distance’s popularity. To rid MM models of the dependency on a choice for the number of histogram bins, we introduce two dissimilarity functions that can operate directly on observations. We show that SORD, one of such measures, presents performance that is slightly inferior to the tuned Topsøe, while not requiring the sensible parameterization of the number of bins.

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Molina Herrera, Maritzabel, and Javier Alberto Ortíz Porras. "Behavior of cold-formed thin steel sections (MM) under concentrated loads." Ingeniería e Investigación 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v26n3.14744.

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New sections are continually being developed in the cold-formed steel world to improve the performance of existing sections. M-section development provides an example of improving C-sections’ shear resistance and web crippling resistance against C-sections’ concentrated loads. C-sections’ shear nominal strength can be achieved through locating tow web intermediate stiffeners (M-sections) even though web crippling resistance cannot be increased in the same way. Such intermediate stiffeners mean that M-section stresses and deflections cannot be analysed with traditional material mechanics. Concentrated loads cause this behavior to become increased; 4 different models and 3 tests for each of them were thus developed, as well as determining M-sections’ theoretical resistance (based on 1996 AISI). The values obtained corresponded to maximum resistance load, visual identification of any possible type of failure, deflections (at middle span) and deformations (εx, εy, εxy). Mathematical models were also used for comparing the finite element method and simplified mathematical models’ test results for a detailed review of MM-section stress and deformation. These models were calibrated on the test results. After the failure mode was identified for each model, MM-section maximum resistance load was compared to nominal load (according to AISI formulation, also aiding formulating nominal strength calculation). The information obtained from tests and mathematical models was analysed to observe parameter (∆, σ y T) tendencies respecting applied load (P). Cyclic tests under pseudo-static loads were performed to study MM-sections’ hysteretic behavior.

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Aquilina, Peter, William C. H. Parr, Uphar Chamoli, Stephen Wroe, and Philip Clausen. "A Biomechanical Comparison of Three 1.5-mm Plate and Screw Configurations and a Single 2.0-mm Plate for Internal Fixation of a Mandibular Condylar Fracture." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 7, no. 3 (September 2014): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1375172.

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The most stable pattern of internal fixation for mandibular condyle fractures is an area of ongoing discussion. This study investigates the stability of three patterns of plate fixation using readily available, commercially pure titanium implants. Finite element models of a simulated mandibular condyle fracture were constructed. The completed models were heterogeneous in bone material properties, contained approximately 1.2 million elements and incorporated simulated jaw adducting musculature. Models were run assuming linear elasticity and isotropic material properties for bone. No human subjects were involved in this investigation. The stability of the simulated condylar fracture reduced with the different implant configurations, and the von Mises stresses of a 1.5-mm X-shaped plate, a 1.5-mm rectangular plate, and a 1.5-mm square plate (all Synthes (Synthes GmbH, Zuchwil, Switzerland) were compared. The 1.5-mm X plate was the most stable of the three 1.5-mm profile plate configurations examined and had comparable mechanical performance to a single 2.0-mm straight four-hole plate. This study does not support the use of rectangular or square plate patterns in the open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular condyle fractures. It does provide some support for the use of a 1.5-mm X plate to reduce condylar fractures in selected clinical cases.

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Byrnes, Matthew J., Malcolm H. Chisholm, Robin J. H. Clark, Judith C. Gallucci, Christopher M. Hadad, and Nathan J. Patmore. "Thienyl Carboxylate Ligands Bound to and Bridging MM Quadruple Bonds, M = Mo or W: Models for Polythiophenes Incorporating MM Quadruple Bonds." Inorganic Chemistry 43, no. 20 (October 2004): 6334–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic040086n.

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Baber, Hasnan. "A comparative study of Islamic housing finance models and issues." Qualitative Research in Financial Markets 9, no. 2 (May 2, 2017): 168–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-12-2016-0053.

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PurposeThis paper aims to provide comprehensive review of Islamic housing finance models. The paper provides detailed mechanism and solution to contemporary issues of these models.. Design/methodology/approachThis paper is conceptual in nature. Based on an extensive study of literature, this paper explains working of two Islamic models al-Bay’ Bithaman Ajil (BBA) and the Musharakah Mutanaqisah (MM) with hypothetical examples. FindingsIt was revealed in the study that BBA is just convergence of conventional housing finance and does not fall in line with shariah regulations. MM approach is a relative new concept and strictly following shariah guidelines. MM approach is based on welfare for all rather than profit for few. There were some issues spotted with MM model when implemented on the ground, and hence this study came up with solution to such issues. Research limitations/implicationsThis paper cannot be tested until the models are practically applied. This MM contract is new and will take some time to be accepted by customers, but its reliability promises it.. Originality/valueThis study is original and new, as it finds BBA not permissible which no other study has concluded so far. Also issues in these models, and their solutions were studied first time.

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Ozyilmaz, Ozgun Yusuf, Filiz Aykent, and Gulsum Sayin Ozel. "Effect of mucosa thicknesses on stress distribution of implant-supported overdentures under unilateral loading: Photoelastic analysis." Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials 17, no. 4 (October 2019): 228080001988264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2280800019882645.

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different heights of attachment and mucosa thicknesses on the stress distribution of two implant-retained mandibular overdenture designs under loading using the photoelastic stress analysis method. Materials and methods: Six photoelastic models of an edentulous mandibula were fabricated with two solitary implants that were placed in the canine regions. The attachment systems studied were ball and locator stud attachments. Both the ball and locator groups included three models that had different residual ridge heights so as to provide different mucosa thicknesses (1 mm–1 mm, 1 mm–2 mm, 1 mm–4 mm). A static vertical force of 135 N was applied unilaterally (each on the right then the left side) to the central fossa of the first molars. Models were positioned in the field of a circular polariscope to observe the distribution of isochromatic fringes around the implants and the interimplant areas under loading. The photoelastic stress fringes were monitored and recorded photographically. Results: The ball attachment groups showed higher stress values than did the locator groups under loading. Both attachment systems produced the lowest stress values in stimulated 1 mm–1 mm mucosa thickness models. The models with 1 mm–2 mm mucosa thicknesses showed higher stress values than did other models for both attachment systems. The highest stress value observed around both attachment systems was the moderate level in all test models. Conclusion: In different height mucosa thicknesses, locator attachment models distributed the load to the other side of the implant and its surrounding tissue, whereas the ball attachment did not. Regardless of mucosal thickness and attachment type, the implant on the loading side was subjected to the highest stress concentration.

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