Books: 'Mixing or multiple addition'

1

Holdeman, J. D. Mixing of multiple jets with a confined subsonic crossflow. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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2

Stir it up: Mixing decimals. Norwood House Press, 2013.

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3

Miller, Aaron E., and Teresa M. DeAngelis. Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199732920.003.0001.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS), the most common cause of disability due to a neurological disease in young adults, can pose a challenging diagnosis. In this chapter, we summarize the typical symptomatology and the radiographic and paraclinical findings in MS. In addition, we briefly review candidate differential diagnostic entities, the current diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic options.

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4

Experiments in dilution jet mixing effects of multiple rows and non-circular orifices. [Washington, D.C.?]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1985.

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5

Center, Lewis Research, ed. Mixing of multiple jets with a confined subsonic crossflow: Summary of NASA-supported experiments and modeling. Cleveland, Ohio: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1991.

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6

United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Mixing of multiple jets with a confined subsonic crossflow: Summary of NASA-supported experiments and modeling. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1991.

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7

Herndon, Robert M. Outcome Measures in Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199341016.003.0011.

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This chapter discusses the challenges involved in measuring disease activity and progression in multiple sclerosis and how different aspects of the disease are measured in clinical trials. Metrics have been developed to assess multiple aspects of the disease., These include, in addition to more global instruments, measures of specific functions such as, cognition, mobility, quality of life, fatigue, and so on. These scales are discussed along with their strengths and weaknesses.

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8

Hebert, Jeffrey R. Exercise and Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0086.

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has stated that significant health benefits are obtainable for persons with disability who engage in physical activity, recommending 30 to 40 minutes of daily, moderately intense activity. However, persons with MS are frequently physically inactive, with findings of a 6-month activity reduction rate of 6%. This progressive lessoning of physical activity over time is a major contributor to worsening of symptoms and ancillary medical complications such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and impaired bone health, underpinning the importance of exercise and physical activity by persons with MS. In addition to its effect on endurance and body composition, exercise may also reduce disease activity in MS. A regular exercise program combining exercise and physical activity that is tailored to the patient’s individual condition should be an important part of the plan of care for patients with MS.

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9

Turner, Susan. The Multiple Faces of Reentry. Edited by John Wooldredge and Paula Smith. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199948154.013.23.

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In recent years, prisoner reentry programs have been developed to promote the successful reintegration of offenders back into communities upon release from prison and jail. Specifically, these programs often involve a comprehensive case management approach to assist offenders in the acquisition of prosocial life skills. A variety of programs are currently used to facilitate the reentry process, including prerelease programs, drug rehabilitation, vocational training, and work programs. In addition, reentry courts have been established in several jurisdictions in an attempt to offer a more focused approach to community reintegration. This essay reviews the challenges associated with postrelease supervision and service delivery, including the potentially deleterious effects of long prison sentences and certain prison environments, as well as the development, implementation, and evaluation of prisoner reentry programs.

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10

Wittman, David M. Doppler Effect and Velocity Addition Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199658633.003.0009.

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We now pivot from relationships between frames to look at the effect of motion on communications between specific observers.This will help us look at the twin paradox in the next chapter, and will prove crucial to understanding the effects of gravity on time. Along the way, we develop an understanding of the Doppler effect; a key tool in many areas of modern science. We find that Doppler effects are reciprocal (Alice observes the same effect on Bob’s signals as Bob observes on Alice’s signals) and that Doppler effects compound over multiple frame changes. We then use the compounding of Doppler effects to deduce the algebraic formof the velocity addition law. We show that this Einstein velocity addition law reduces to the Galilean law at low speeds.

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11

Sedek, Grzegorz, Thomas Hess, and Dayna Touron, eds. Multiple Pathways of Cognitive Aging. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197528976.001.0001.

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The study of aging and cognition has grown tremendously over the past 50 years, developing from a field dominated by experimentally based information-processing traditions to one represented by a more mature approach both conceptually and methodologically. A quick examination of relevant research over the last 10 years reveals a growth in integrative approaches incorporating behavioral, neuropsychological, and social information. In addition, the concurrent recognition of limitations associated with simple cross-sectional age-group comparisons along with the use of more complex methods has resulted in the development of increasingly sophisticated research designs and analytic tools focused on understanding a multitude of potential mediators and moderators of cognitive change. This all has led away from a monolithic—often negative—view of cognitive aging to one that is more nuanced and sensitive to contextual factors. This recent shift in the psychology of aging discipline from describing cognitive aging in terms of limitations into one focused on understanding the factors associated with adaptive functioning in later life is a prime inspiration for the present volume. Thus, an emphasis here is on understanding both the factors underlying individual differences in trajectories of change in cognitive functioning in later life and the nature of compensatory mechanisms developed by most successful and active middle-aged and older adults through their experiences in dealing with complex tasks. This includes the consideration of motivational factors as a driver of both cognitive change and adaptive functioning. The 15 contributions offer unique insights and highlight innovative methodological approaches that have been used to study these issues.

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12

Game Book for Kid: Playbook, Labyrinths, Mixed Words, Crossword, Sudoku, Coloring Magic Addition, Multiple Games, Kids Book to Play. Independently Published, 2020.

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13

Clemens, Karen E. Along-coast variations of Oregon beach-sand compositions produced by the mixing of sediments from multiple sources under a transgressing sea. 1987.

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14

Clemens, Karen E. Along-coast variations of Oregon beach-sand compositions produced by the mixing of sediments from multiple sources under a transgressing sea. 1987.

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15

Livre de Jeu Sudoku Additions Magiques Labyrinthes Mots MÊlÉs: Multiple Plusieurs Mini Jeux Pour S`amuser Sudoku, Addition Coloriage Magique, Labyrinthes, Mots MÊlÉs. Independently Published, 2020.

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16

book, Oriana's Oriana's. Numberblocks Math Activity Book: Develop Math Skills with Multiple Activities about Count and Match, Coloring Pages, Addition and Subtraction and Dot to Dot for Kids and Toddlers. Independently Published, 2021.

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17

PUB, Globalista. 100 Days of Timed Tests Addition and Subtraction: Learn to Add and Subtract with Single and Multiple Digits ,Timed Math Drills Digits from 0 to 20 for Grades K-2 with Answers Keys. Independently Published, 2021.

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18

Engh, Thorvald Abel, Geoffrey K. Sigworth, and Anne Kvithyld. Principles of Metal Refining and Recycling. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811923.001.0001.

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Covers the field of recycling and refining of metals. An important point the book stresses is that the principles are the same in the treatment of various different metals. The book answerd why it is important to have a clean and properly alloyed metal from recycling and refined metal? The text covers basic thermodynamics, physical and transport properties, mixing, mass transfer and numerical models. Further it identifies problems and described methods for removal of dissolved impurity elements, particles and inclusions, also during solidification. And lastly applications remelting and addition of alloys, recycling and challenges and specific processes for each metal are included. The book is self-contained.

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19

Merlevède, Florence, Magda Peligrad, and Sergey Utev. Functional Gaussian Approximation for Dependent Structures. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826941.001.0001.

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This book has its origin in the need for developing and analyzing mathematical models for phenomena that evolve in time and influence each another, and aims at a better understanding of the structure and asymptotic behavior of stochastic processes. This monograph has double scope. First, to present tools for dealing with dependent structures directed toward obtaining normal approximations. Second, to apply the normal approximations presented in the book to various examples. The main tools consist of inequalities for dependent sequences of random variables, leading to limit theorems, including the functional central limit theorem (CLT) and functional moderate deviation principle (MDP). The results will point out large classes of dependent random variables which satisfy invariance principles, making possible the statistical study of data coming from stochastic processes both with short and long memory. Over the course of the book different types of dependence structures are considered, ranging from the traditional mixing structures to martingale-like structures and to weakly negatively dependent structures, which link the notion of mixing to the notions of association and negative dependence. Several applications have been carefully selected to exhibit the importance of the theoretical results. They include random walks in random scenery and determinantal processes. In addition, due to their importance in analyzing new data in economics, linear processes with dependent innovations will also be considered and analyzed.

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20

McCorquodale, Robert. Sources and the Subjects of International Law. Edited by Samantha Besson and Jean d’Aspremont. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198745365.003.0036.

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This chapter explores the range of participants involved in international law-making, including corporations, non-State armed groups, and non-governmental organizations, in addition to States and international organizations. The approach taken in this chapter is that of global legal pluralism, which recognizes that there can be multiple actors participating in a legal system to create law, and which accepts disparities in powers. In addition, the chapter indicates that the terminology of ‘subjects’ is deeply problematic in international law and should be abandoned.

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21

Lane, Christel. The Social Identity of Hosts and Patrons. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826187.003.0003.

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This chapter analyses inns, taverns, and public houses in their social context, exploring their organizational identity and the social positions of their owners/tenants. It examines how patrons express their class, gender, and national identity by participation in different kinds of sociality. Seventeenth- and eighteenth-century hostelries afforded more opportunities for cross-class sociability than in later centuries. Social mixing was facilitated because the venues fulfilled multiple economic, social, and political functions, thereby providing room for social interaction apart from communal drinking and eating. Yet, even in these earlier centuries, each type of hostelry already had a distinctive class character, shaping its organizational identity. Division along lines of class hardened, and social segregation increased in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, up to World War II. In the post-War era, increased democratization of society at large became reflected in easier social mixing in pubs. Despite this democratization, during the late twentieth century the dominant image of pubs as a working-class institution persisted.

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22

Miller, Aaron E., and Teresa M. DeAngelis. Dermatomyositis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199732920.003.0020.

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Dermatomyositis (DM) is not purely a disorder of muscle and skin, but may affect multiple organs with cardiac, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal features. In this chapter, we review the clinical manifestations of DM as well as its occurrence as a paraneoplastic phenonomenon. In addition, we discuss the diagnostic modalities and outline therapeutic recommendations.

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23

Miller, Aaron E., and Teresa M. DeAngelis. Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199732920.003.0011.

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There can be considerable overlap between the neurological sequelae of antiphospholid antibody syndrome (ACAS) and multiple sclerosis, creating a frustrating diagnostic dilemma for clinicians. In this chapter, we review the common features and distinct clinical manifestations of ACAS as well as the diagnostic criteria for ACAS. In addition, we discuss the therapeutic consideration of antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy.

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24

Bowen, Patrick D. Abdullah Quilliam and the Rise of International Esoteric-Masonic Islamophilia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190688349.003.0003.

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This chapter argues that Abdullah Quilliam’s Masonic and esoteric background shaped both his understanding of Islam and his leadership of the Liverpool Muslim community. From the time of his conversion through the last trace of his activities in England using the Quilliam name, the connection between Islam, Freemasonry, and esotericism played a significant role in Quilliam’s religious career. In addition to exploring the roles of Freemasonry and esotericism within Quilliam’s own life and activities, this chapter also looks at the larger context of the mixing of Islam, Freemasonry, and esotericism in the Euro-American world in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This chapter argues, in fact, that Quilliam played a role in the development of a broader, Euro-American cultural current in which esotericists and esoteric-leaning Masons came to place a high value on Islam. In the twentieth century, this current not only influenced Islamophilia within numerous non-Islamic esoteric organizations, it also produced a variety of Islam-based movements with strong elements of both esotericism and Freemasonry.

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25

Furst, Eric M., and Todd M. Squires. Light scattering microrheology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199655205.003.0005.

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The fundamentals and best practices of passive microrheology using dynamic light scattering and diffusing wave spectroscopy are discussed. The principles of light scattering are introduced and applied in both the single and multiple scattering regimes, including derivations of the light and field autocorrelation functions. Applications to high-frequency microrheology and polymer dynamics are presented, including inertial corrections. Methods to treat gels and other non-ergodic samples, including multi-speckle and optical mixing designs are discussed. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is a well established method for measuring the motion of colloids, proteins and macromolecules. Light scattering has several advantages for microrheology, especially given the availability of commercial instruments, the relatively large sample volumes that average over many probes, and the sensitivity of the measurement to small particle displacements, which can extend the range of length and timescales probed beyond those typically accessed by the methods of multiple particle tracking and bulk rheology.

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26

Mackenzie, Simon, and Donna Yates. What Is Grey about the “Grey Market” in Antiquities? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794974.003.0004.

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The global market in antiquities has been described as a grey market. We provide a breakdown of the meanings and implications of this greyness. Usually the term refers to the mixing of recently looted antiquities with those that can be sold legally, thus the antiquities market is grey because illicit objects are sold via a public and purportedly legitimate network of dealers and auction houses. This is supported by a second form of greyness: the ethically grey status of individual looted objects after time and their passage through jurisdictions via multiple trades obscures or overwrites their illicit origins. It is also supported by a greying of ethical judgment, achieved through a discourse that permits the purchase of illicit objects in constructed circumstances of “saving” or “preserving” artifacts.

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27

Agarwal, Anil, Neil Borley, and Greg McLatchie. Vascular surgery. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199608911.003.0008.

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This chapter covers vascular operations. Treatments described for varicose veins are high tie and multiple avulsions, radio-frequency ablation, and foam sclerotherapy. Repair of elective and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm and endovascular repair are described. Operations like aortobifemoral bypass, femoral popliteal above- and below-knee bypass graft, and femoro-distal bypass are included. Urgent operations like femoral and brachial embolectomy, lower limb fasciotomy are also described. In addition, above- and below-knee amputations and vascular access are included.

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28

Āzis, Reinis. A Breath of Fresh Air for the European Green Deal: Energy Efficiency and Climate Neutrality Factors. RTU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/9789934226809.

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The topics covered and the research framework as such provide multiple level takeaways regarding energy efficiency and climate neutrality. The research, therefore, elaborates on concepts central to the academic debate at the time of the writing and undercuts patterns and proposals relevant for multiple actors within the local and global energy market. In fact, the research develops broader discussion regarding any strategic energy-efficiency related goal and the complexity and multiple threads that meeting such a goal would entail. The research also explicitly elaborates on the role of energy efficiency in both climate transition and energy system transformation. In addition, it uncovers the scope of various policies implemented on a local level and discusses their role in meeting the climate targets in medium and long-term. Furthermore, the research also elaborates on the role of bioeconomy and climate neutrality.

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29

Verde, Francesco, ed. Epicuro, Epistola a Pitocle. Academia – ein Verlag in der Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783985720231.

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This volume provides a new Greek text and a detailed historical-philosophical commentary on Epicurus' Letter to Pythocles. The content of the letter concerns the study of the causes of celestial phenomena by means of the so-called method of multiple explanations, which is an original Epicurean novelty in ancient epistemologies. In addition to the substantial introduction and commentary by Francesco Verde, the book includes a foreword by Mauro Tulli, which sheds light on the structure of the letter, a critical-philological note, the Greek text, and the Italian translation by Dino De Sanctis, and an essay on the philosophical implications of the method of multiple explanations by Francesca G. Masi. With contributions by Dino de Sanctis, Francesca G. Masi, Mauro Tulli and Francesco Verde.

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30

Grams, Morgan E., and Josef Coresh. Chronic kidney disease in the developed world. Edited by David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0095.

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Chronic kidney disease is common, increasing in prevalence, and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. A disease of multiple and complex aetiologies, chronic kidney disease is more prevalent among elderly, hypertensive, and diabetic persons—all growing segments of the developed world. This chapter discusses trends in and determinants of chronic kidney disease prevalence, incidence, and prognosis. In addition, advances in chronic kidney disease staging and reporting as well as the discovery of a major genetic locus for hypertensive kidney disease in populations of African ancestry are examined.

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31

Steensma, David P. Malignant Hematology. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199755691.003.0296.

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The hematologic neoplasms include lymphoproliferative disorders (eg, chronic lymphocytic leukemia [CLL]/small lymphocytic lymphoma [SLL], large granular lymphocyte leukemia, hairy cell leukemia [HCL], Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma), plasma cell disorders (multiple myeloma, light chain amyloidosis, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, POEMS syndrome, heavy chain disease, plasmacytoma), chronic myeloid neoplasms (chronic myeloid leukemia, the BCR/ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms, myelodysplastic syndromes), and acute leukemia (acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia). In addition, clonal but not overtly malignant conditions are common in the general population, including monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and monoclonal B lymphocytosis (MBL).

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32

Kahn, S. Lowell, and Sergio Rojas. Deployment Finesse of the Gore Excluder Stent Graft. Edited by S. Lowell Kahn, Bulent Arslan, and Abdulrahman Masrani. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199986071.003.0002.

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The Gore Excluder stent graft was approved for use in the United States by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2002. The Excluder is a modular, bifurcated endoprosthesis utilized in the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The Excluder endoprosthesis is constructed from an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film and an incorporated “weldless” nickel–titanium stent skeleton for support. The device features no sutures, infrarenal fixation, and is made to be inserted through 12–18 Fr introducer sheaths. Since its approval by the FDA, the Excluder has undergone multiple changes, including profile reductions, the addition of an impermeable membrane (due to early graft material design associated with type IV endoleaks), and, most notably, a repositioning mechanism labeled the C3 Excluder. This chapter discusses multiple techniques of deployment of the Gore Excluder stent graft.

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33

Golder, Sona N., Ignacio Lago, André Blais, Elisabeth Gidengil, and Thomas Gschwend. Parties, Voters, and Multi-Level Elections. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791539.003.0002.

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This chapter argues that individual voting behaviour and the strategies chosen by political parties across multiple electoral arenas should be considered jointly. Existing literature points to the importance of an election as a major driving force in voting behaviour, but it is argued that voters and parties may differ in their assessments of the importance of elections at different levels. The chapter discusses how the effect of the importance of an electoral arena, for both voter and party behaviour, will be conditioned by electoral institutions and characteristics of parties and the party system, in addition to individual voter characteristics contributing to it.

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34

Blackmore, Emma Roberston, Jessica Heron, and Ian Jones. Severe Psychopathology During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period. Edited by Amy Wenzel. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199778072.013.15.

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Pregnancy and childbirth can represent a challenging time for women with severe mental illness. Psychotic episodes in the perinatal period can lead to multiple adverse maternal and infant outcomes. This chapter addresses a number of key questions in relation to episodes of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder during the perinatal period. The identification and management of postpartum or puerperal psychosis is detailed, along with prognosis and risk to further pregnancies. The authors present data on epidemiology, nosology, and etiology for severe perinatal episodes. In addition, the authors discuss clinical management, and in particular, ways to identify and manage women at risk.

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35

Mehta, Nikhil, and Bulent Arslan. Techniques for Treating Visceral Aneurysms and High-Flow Arteriovenous Malformations of the Renal and Visceral Vasculature. Edited by S. Lowell Kahn, Bulent Arslan, and Abdulrahman Masrani. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199986071.003.0028.

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Techniques for treating visceral aneurysms are based on location and anatomic region and also on whether an aneurysm is a true aneurysm or a pseudoaneurysm. Visceral artery aneurysms typically require treatment if they are greater than 2 cm. Aneurysms that are favorable for endovascular therapy include saccular aneurysms preferably with a narrow neck and/or aneurysms that have good collateral blood flow to the target organ. Endovascular techniques for treating arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are multifaceted and require appropriate identification of the AVM using multiple imaging modalities in addition to angiography. AVMs can be defined as slow flow, intermediate flow, and high flow.

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36

Sennet, Adam. Polysemy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935314.013.32.

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Polysemy is an interesting phenomenon that concerns cases in which a word or phrase enjoys multiple, related meanings. This article distinguishes polysemy from similar phenomena and presents some tests for determining the presence of polysemy. In addition, polysemy is differentiated from other phenomena that involve potential multiplicity of meaning. Later in the article, a few potential cases of polysemy are explored. The final two sections deal with the (so-called) polysemy paradox and consider ways in which types of polysemy can be characterized and categorized. Concepts are outlined with the use of several examples, allowing polysemes and ambiguities to be examined in context.

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37

Iversen, Leslie. Endocannabinoids. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190846848.003.0004.

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The endocannabinoids are part of a large family of lipid signaling molecules derived from arachidonic acid, including the prostaglandins and leukotrienes, which are important mediators of inflammation. Far less is known about the newer members of the endocannabinoid group, and it remains unclear whether they all play important functional roles. This chapter reviews the multiple members of this family and their biosynthesis and inactivation. Physiological functions, including retrograde synaptic signaling, control of energy metabolism, regulation of pain sensitivity, and cardiovascular control, are discussed. In addition, the chapter reports the synthesis of novel agonists, antagonists, and compounds inhibiting endocannabinoid inactivation as novel medicines.

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38

Shirali, Anushree, and Mark A. Perazella. Drug-induced nephropathies. Edited by William G. Bennett. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0362.

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Pharmacological therapy with prescription medications and other drugs is the mainstay of modern medical practice. In addition, an increasing number of people use over-the-counter and complementary treatments for management of acute and chronic disease. The kidney faces constant exposure to some of these medications and drugs since it receives significant blood flow from the systemic circulation and importantly participates in excretion of many of these substances. Some of these agents have the innate potential for nephrotoxicity, which is modified by patient- as well as drug-related factors. As a result, drug-induced nephropathies can complicate patient management and require diligent investigation and management by the consulting nephrologist. This chapter highlights those agents commonly associated with drug-induced nephropathies affecting various segments of the nephron. It reviews the drug- and patient-specific factors that increase susceptibility to kidney injury. In addition, it discusses the commonly encountered patterns of kidney injury with a particular drug, recognizing that some agents can cause injury via multiple pathways, and provides an overview of the mechanisms by which kidney disease occurs. Finally, the features that dictate renal recovery, including prophylactic and treatment measures, are reviewed.

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39

Tamura, Manjula Kurella, Mark L. Unruh, and Ea Wha Kang. Cognitive function, depression, and psychosocial adaptation. Edited by Jonathan Himmelfarb. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0272.

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Psychiatric complications of end-stage renal disease are common, often debilitating, and potentially preventable. Patients with end-stage renal disease are at higher risk for psychiatric disorders compared to patients with other chronic health conditions, and those who suffer from psychiatric complications are at higher risk for death and dialysis withdrawal. Both dementia and depression also reduce quality of life and impair adherence to prescribed therapies. In addition, patients with end-stage renal disease are confronted with multiple stressors related to their illness and treatment. This chapter reviews the clinical approach to cognitive impairment, depression, and psychosocial adaptation among patients with end-stage renal disease.

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40

Hughes, Edward, Miles Stanford, and Dania Qatarneh. Uveitis and medical ophthalmology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199672516.003.0007.

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This chapter focuses on uveitis and medical ophthalmology. It details uveal anatomy, before discussing anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, and posterior uveitis. Next, it discusses posterior uveitis and then specific non-infectious posterior uveitides before moving on to infectious uveitis (viral, parasitic, fungal, and bacterial) and HIV-related disease. It continues by examining systemic associations with uveitis, including sarcoidosis, Behcets disease, multiple sclerosis, and the seronegative arthritides ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. In addition, it discusses scleritis and episcleritis, ocular inflammatory disorders (systemic treatment, biological agents and periocular treatments, intraocular treatments), rheumatological disease, vasculitis, cardiovascular disease and the eye, and endocrine, respiratory, and skin diseases in ophthalmology.

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41

Marinova, Nadejda K. Cuban-Americans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190623418.003.0007.

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This chapter focuses on two organizations on opposite ends of the Cuban-American spectrum. The Carter administration utilized the Cuban American Committee to provide favorable public relations for normalization of diplomatic relations with Cuba. Washington’s opening ended after the 1980 Mariel boatlift, as Castro proved an unreliable partner. The Cuban American National Foundation was created under the Reagan presidency, and was utilized as a co-executor of policy, promoting with Congress and the US public, in multiple ways, the administration’s stance on Cuba. The chapter discusses the minority Cuban American Committee, and the right-wing Cuban American National Foundation. In addition to illustrating the multiple ways in which host governments use diasporas, the analysis underlines a major feature of host-state utilization of diaspora organizations: their emergence as a leading voice of the community with the endorsement of the host state, one avenue through which diasporas emerge as significant in international relations.

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42

Sydow, Jörg, Arnold Windeler, Gordon Müller-Seitz, and Knut Lange. Path constitution analysis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796978.003.0013.

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Jörg Sydow, Arnold Windeler, Gordon Müller-Seitz, and Knut Lange develop an unconventional analytic approach called path constitution analysis (PCA). This integrates the concepts of path dependence and path creation, which have attracted limited methodological attention although they are widely applied for explanatory purposes. Path dependence in particular highlights the role of small triggering events and self-reinforcing processes, leading to unintentional lock-in as one outcome gains momentum. Path dependence emphasizes the role of history and context, while path creation in contrast emphasizes the proactive role of agency. PCA is described as a comprehensive methodology for exploring constellations of multiple actors, on multiple levels of analysis, with a process perspective. In addition to dependence and creation, PCA explores path defence, extension, dissolution, renewal, and breaking. For the guidance of other researchers, the chapter presents a methodological template based on a longitudinal case study of a novel technological path in the semiconductors sector.

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Ohnuma, Reiko. (Human) Nature, Red in Tooth and Claw. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190637545.003.0003.

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This chapter examines the thinking, speaking, highly anthropomorphized animals found in previous-life stories of the Buddha (jātakas)—more specifically, those that populate the Pāli Jātakaṭṭhavaṇṇanā. It demonstrates that these speaking animals often speak about the suffering of animals at humanity’s hands, using the human power of speech to condemn human cruelty, exploitation, and abuse of the nonhuman animal world. The chapter analyzes multiple Pāli jātakas, arranged around the themes of meat-eating, hunting, animal sacrifice, and legal prosecution of animals. In addition to the ability to speak, the animals in these jātakas can reason and think, and their supposed lack of intelligence is overturned as they continually attempt to outwit the human world.

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Snyder, James. Coercive Family Processes and the Development of Child Social Behavior and Self-Regulation. Edited by Thomas J. Dishion and James Snyder. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199324552.013.10.

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This chapter (1) examines the multiple ways in which coercive processes may be manifested during family interaction in addition to their more blatant, aversive forms, including emotion dismissing, invalidating, intrusive/controlling social actions; (2) assesses the role of higher cognitive processing and control in coercive social interaction in the context of previous assumptions that coercive processes are primarily overlearned and automatic; (3) examines the utility of extensions of environmental main effects models of coercive processes by explicitly focusing on synergistic models that involve child temperamental self-regulatory capacities (reflecting underlying molecular genetic and neurobiological mechanisms); and (4) assesses the role of coercive family processes in relation to borderline features and trauma/PTSD.

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Joines, Melissa M. Post-Reconstruction Breast. Edited by Christoph I. Lee, Constance D. Lehman, and Lawrence W. Bassett. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190270261.003.0063.

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Breast reconstruction may be performed after mastectomy to improve breast symmetry. Each reconstruction technique leads to a characteristic appearance on post-operative imaging; thus, familiarity with the surgical techniques as well as the imaging features of the reconstructed breast across multiple modalities is important for radiologists. In addition, an understanding of the common benign complications as well as features of tumor recurrence is important. This chapter, appearing in the section on interventions and surgical change, reviews the key imaging and clinical features, imaging protocols and pitfalls, differential diagnoses, and management recommendations for the reconstructed breast. Topics discussed include tissue expander/implant and autologous tissue flap reconstruction, reconstruction complications, tumor recurrence, and management recommendations.

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Jacobson, Marion. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036750.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter discusses the cultural and historical significance of the accordion as an instrument and as a musical movement. It considers how accordionists and bands with accordions symbolized an appealing and popular manifestation of alternative musical cultures in the postpunk area. Here, the chapter delves into the author's own experiences with the accordion movement, before turning to a brief historical analysis of the history and documentation of musical instruments as tools for making culture. In addition, the chapter provides an overview of the particular instrument under study—the piano accordion. It is a chromatic, bellows-driven, free-reed instrument that produces multiple chord tones with buttons on the left side manual and a piano keyboard on the right.

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Bielekova, Bibiana, Gary Birnbaum, and Robert P. Lisak, eds. Neuroimmunology. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190050801.001.0001.

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This book provides clinical and supporting scientific background on a diverse group of neurological disorders in an expanding field of neurology, that of neuroimmunology. It includes chapters on multiple sclerosis and related disorders in adults and children, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory deymyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and variants, immune-mediated disorders of the neuromuscular junction, inflammatory myopathies, paraneoplastic disorders and autoimmune encephalitities, and neurologic manifestations of systemic immune-mediated diseases. In addition there is an introductory chapter dealing with basic of immunology and another on mechanisms of action of therapies used in neuroimmunologic disorders. The clinical chapters cover epidemiology, pathology, pathogenesis, and pathophysiology of the different diseases along with clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, differential diagnosis, and treatment.

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Vartanian, Oshin. Internal Orientation in Aesthetic Experience. Edited by Kalina Christoff and Kieran C. R. Fox. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464745.013.17.

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There is considerable evidence to suggest that aesthetic experiences engage a distributed set of structures in the brain, and likely emerge from the interactions of multiple neural systems. In addition, aside from an external (i.e., object-focused) orientation, aesthetic experiences also involve an internal (i.e., person-focused) orientation. This internal orientation appears to have two dissociable neural components: one component involves the processing of visceral feeling states (i.e., interoception) and primarily engages the insula, whereas the other involves the processing of self-referential, autobiographical, and narrative information, and is represented by activation in the default mode network. Evidence supporting this neural dissociation has provided insights into processes that can lead to deep and moving aesthetic experiences.

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Harris, Eric A., and Keith Candiotti. Anesthesia in the Radiation Oncology Suite. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190495756.003.0016.

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Cancer continues to be a leading cause of mortality worldwide and ranks second among the pediatric population. Radiation therapy (XRT) is a potent tool used by oncologists to manage this disease. Although treatment is typically painless, the need for immobilization has resulted in anesthesiologists frequently being consulted to provide service to these patients during their treatment. In addition to the challenges of providing anesthesia in a non–operating room environment, the provider must tailor an appropriate anesthetic for the simulation or XRT treatment sessions. Complications are rare but may be exacerbated by the distance between the patient and the anesthesia provider. Finally, the anesthesiologist must be prepared to discuss issues related to multiple anesthetic exposures with the patient and caregivers.

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Morrison, Alan R., Joseph C. Wu, and Mehran M. Sadeghi. Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392094.003.0029.

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Cardiovascular molecular imaging is a relatively young but rapidly expanding discipline that consists of a biologically-targeted approach to the assessment of physiologic and pathologic processes in vivo. This novel approach to imaging involves the integration of multiple disciplines such as cell and molecular biology, chemistry, and imaging sciences. The ultimate goal is quantitative assessment of cardiovascular processes at the cellular and molecular level, moving beyond traditional diagnostic information, in order to guide individually tailored therapy. In fact, it is likely that specific approaches to molecular imaging will be developed in tandem with the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Recent advances in probe development and imaging systems have contributed to evolution of molecular imaging toward clinical translational. These include technological progress in traditional imaging platforms; along with the emergence of newer imaging modalities such as photoacoustic imaging. In addition, hybrid imaging (e.g. nuclear imaging with CT or MRI) has the potential for improved spatial localization, and more accurate quantification by coupling anatomic and biological information. In addition to potential clinical applications that address existing diagnostic gaps in cardiovascular medicine, molecular imaging allows for unique approaches to studying pathophysiology. This chapter is intended to provide an overview of the state of the art in cardiovascular molecular imaging, highlighting how it may improve the management of major cardiovascular diseases.

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Books on the topic 'Mixing or multiple addition'

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