Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mixing or multiple addition

Academic literature on the topic 'Mixing or multiple addition'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Mixing or multiple addition"

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Kuo, Sai-hua. "Multilingualism, multiculturalism, and multiple identities." Media Discourse in Greater China 19, no. 2 (July 24, 2009): 239–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.19.2.05kuo.

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This study aims to explore discursive changes in current Taiwanese society, with a particular focus on code-mixing in newspaper headlines. Data were collected from three major newspapers catering to different readerships during three time periods (i.e. 1985, 1995, and 2005). The language of Taiwanese newspaper is hybrid and heterogeneous in that local dialect (i.e. Southern Min), English, Japanese, Cantonese, and even Zhuyin (Mandarin Phonetic Symbols) are included in Mandarin news headlines. My analysis has found that over the past two decades, there has been an increase of code-mixing in all three newspapers, In addition, a cross-sectional comparison has revealed that soft news texts (e.g. entertainment news) contain more instances of code-mixing than hard news texts (e.g. political and international news). I argue that this increasing linguistic hybridization found in Taiwanese media texts is not only linked with the indigenization, globalization, marketization, and technologization in current Taiwanese society. More importantly, since language use is a kind of identity-constructing devices, this ongoing discursive change also reflects an emerging new Taiwan identity, which can be characterized by multilingualism, multiculturalism, and multiple identities.
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Dilbas, Hasan, and Mehmet Şamil Güneş. "Mineral Addition and Mixing Methods Effect on Recycled Aggregate Concrete." Materials 14, no. 4 (February 14, 2021): 907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040907.

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This paper presents influence of treatment and mixing methods on recycled aggregate concretes (RAC) designed regarding various techniques. Absolute Volume Method (AVM) according to TS 802, Equivalent Mortar Volume Method (EMV), silica fume (SF) as a mineral addition were considered in the design of concretes. In total, four groups of concretes were produced in the laboratory: (1) natural aggregate concrete (NAC) designed with AVM as control concrete, (2) RAC designed with AVM as control RAC, (3) RAC with SF as a mineral addition designed with AVM as treated RAC and (4) RAC designed with EMV as treated RAC. The tests were performed at 28th days and the statistical analysis were made on the test results. According to the results, EMV and SF increased the compressive strength of concretes and this resulted an increase in the strength class of concrete. A significant statistical difference between the concretes were determined. According to multiple comparison analysis, it was found that especially there was a significant relationship among NAC, RAC and RAC-EMV. In addition, it was recommended that EMV and AVM with 5% SF could be used in the design of RAC rather than AVM only to achieve the target strength class C30/37.
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Patterson, Joseph P., Lucas R. Parent, Joshua Cantlon, Holger Eickhoff, Guido Bared, James E. Evans, and Nathan C. Gianneschi. "Picoliter Drop-On-Demand Dispensing for Multiplex Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy." Microscopy and Microanalysis 22, no. 3 (May 3, 2016): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927616000659.

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AbstractLiquid cell transmission electron microscopy (LCTEM) provides a unique insight into the dynamics of nanomaterials in solution. Controlling the addition of multiple solutions to the liquid cell remains a key hurdle in our ability to increase throughput and to study processes dependent on solution mixing including chemical reactions. Here, we report that a piezo dispensing technique allows for mixing of multiple solutions directly within the viewing area. This technique permits deposition of 50 pL droplets of various aqueous solutions onto the liquid cell window, before assembly of the cell in a fully controlled manner. This proof-of-concept study highlights the great potential of picoliter dispensing in combination with LCTEM for observing nanoparticle mixing in the solution phase and the creation of chemical gradients.
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Zhang, Hui Min, and Hui Liang Liao. "Structure Optimization of Open Turbine Type Agitator." Advanced Materials Research 1082 (December 2014): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1082.284.

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Regarding open turbine type agitator, CFD method was used to simulate the mixing flow field with different number of blades, different blade angles and different ratio of blade lengths and diameters. In addition, according to the mixing effect, the parameters of agitator structure are optimized. Numerical simulations are verified by PIV experiments. The Multiple reference frame model conforms to the reality. Agitator structure is optimized when the ratio of blade length and diameter is 0.74, the blade angle is 45 °,blade number is 6, leading to the best the mixing effect with least stirring dead areas.
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Lai, Adrian C. H., and Joseph H. W. Lee. "Dynamic interaction of multiple buoyant jets." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 708 (August 10, 2012): 539–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.332.

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AbstractAn array of closely spaced round buoyant jets interact dynamically due to the pressure field induced by jet entrainment. Mutual jet attraction can result in a significant change in jet trajectories. Jet merging also leads to overlapping of the passive scalar fields associated with the individual jets, resulting in mixing characteristics that are drastically different from those of an independent free jet. A general semi-analytical model for the dynamic interaction of multiple buoyant jets in stagnant ambient conditions is proposed. The external irrotational flow field induced by the buoyant jets is computed by a distribution of point sinks with strength equal to the entrainment per unit length along the unknown jet trajectories and accounting for boundary effects. The buoyant jet trajectories are then determined by an iterative solution of an integral buoyant jet model by tracking the changes in the external entrainment flow and dynamic pressure fields. The velocity and concentration fields of the jet group are obtained by momentum or kinetic energy superposition for merged jets and plumes, respectively. The modelling approach is supported by numerical solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations. The model shows that jet merging and mixing can be significantly affected by jet interactions. Model predictions of the multiple jet trajectories, merging height, as well as the centreline velocity and concentration of the buoyant jet group are in good agreement with experimental data for: (i) a clustered momentum jet group; (ii) a turbulent plume pair; and (iii) a rosette buoyant jet group. Dynamic interactions between a jet group are shown to decrease with the addition of an ambient cross-flow.
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Murrey, Tucker L., Kunping Guo, Justin T. Mulvey, Owen A. Lee, Camila Cendra, Zaira I. Bedolla-Valdez, Alberto Salleo, Jean-Francois Moulin, Kunlun Hong, and Adam J. Moulé. "Additive solution deposition of multi-layered semiconducting polymer films for design of sophisticated device architectures." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 4 (2019): 953–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc05652h.

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Ates, Gokhan. "Computer modelling and simulation of a novel printing head for complex tissue engineering constructs." MATEC Web of Conferences 318 (2020): 01045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031801045.

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In tissue engineering, three-dimensional functional scaffolds with tailored biological properties are needed to be able to mimic the hierarchical structure of biological tissues. Recent developments in additive biomanufacturing allow to extrude multiple materials enabling the fabrication of more sophisticated tissue constructs. These multi-material biomanufacturing systems comprise multiple printing heads through which individual materials are sequentially printed. Nevertheless, as more printing heads are added the fabrication process significantly decreases, since it requires mechanical switching among the physically separated printheads to enable printing multiple materials. In addition, this approach is not able to create biomimetic tissue constructs with property gradients. To address these limitations, this paper presents a novel static mixing extrusion printing head to enable the fabrication of multi-material, functionally graded structures using a single nozzle. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to numerically analyze the influence of Reynolds number on the flow pattern of biomaterials and mixing efficiency considering different miscible materials.
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Rocha, J. C. A., D. G. Pires, M. R. L. Motta, N. M. Litchinitser, S. S. Vianna, E. J. S. Fonseca, and J. Ferraz. "Controlled conversion of transverse symmetries in a four-wave mixing process." Journal of Optics 24, no. 4 (March 10, 2022): 045505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/ac57b2.

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Abstract Precise light manipulation in optical media has been important for developing new communication protocols, particle tracking and control, environmental sensing and quantum computing, to cite a few applications. Here, we explore the nonlinear light-matter interactions of Hermite-Gaussian (HG) beams with a rubidium vapor. We analytically and numerically predict the possibility of generating a nearly pure optical HG mode as a result of the four-wave mixing of two different HG modes. In contrast, four-wave mixing of other linear solutions of the paraxial wave equation in a third-order nonlinear medium results in the up-converted beam consisting of a superposition of multiple modes. In addition, we identify a large family of solutions of the paraxial wave equation, including cylindrical and elliptical modes, that can be generated in the process of the four-wave mixing by precisely adjusting the weights of the input HG beams. This study may find applications in the development of new classical and quantum optical sources, with more spatial versatility.
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Zhao, Ou, and Xuefeng Deng. "Effect of Aeolian Sand Powder Addition on Frost Resistance of Concrete Pavement." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022 (July 4, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5087896.

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In order to solve the problem of exploring the freeze-thaw characteristics of modified aeolian sand mixed with cement and silt, the authors propose a freeze-thaw cycle test of modified aeolian sand under the condition of mixing 5% cement and silt with different contents. In this experiment, under freeze-thaw conditions, its intensity decay and mass volume change law and the changes of freeze-thaw characteristics were comprehensively characterized by multiple indicators. The result shows that, after two freeze-thaw cycles, the compressive strength and peak strain of the improved aeolian sand were positively correlated with the silt content. With the increase of the number of freeze-thaw cycles, the compressive and antidestruction capacity of the improved aeolian sand with high silt content and low silt content decreased significantly. 15% silt content improves the structural stability of aeolian sand. It is proved that the authors’ experiment can intuitively and effectively reflect the change law of soil strength after freezing and thawing of such improved aeolian sandy soil, which has displayed significance.
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Wang, Zeliang, André Sandmann, John G. McWhirter, and Andreas Ahrens. "Decoupling of Broadband Optical MIMO Systems Using the Multiple Shift SBR2 Algorithm." International Journal of Advances in Telecommunications, Electrotechnics, Signals and Systems 6, no. 1 (March 18, 2017): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11601/ijates.v6i1.207.

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Polynomial singular value decomposition (PSVD) plays a very important role in broadband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. One of its applications lies in the decoupling of MIMO convolutive mixing channel matrixin order to recover the transmitted signals corrupted by the channel interference (CI) at the receiver. In this paper, a novel algorithm, known as multiple shift second order sequential best rotation (MS-SBR2), is proposed to compute the approximate PSVD of the broadband MIMO channel matrix. Experimental examples, including a measured (2 × 2) optical MIMO channel impulse response using the multi-mode fiber (MMF) testbed, are presented to examine the proposed algorithm. Bit error rate (BER) performances are evaluated among different transmission schemes. In addition, power allocation (PA) schemes are investigated to further optimize the BER performance.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mixing or multiple addition"

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Tusche, Marco. "Empirical processes of multiple mixing data." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4033/document.

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Cette thèse étudie la convergence en loi des processus empiriques de données à mélange multiple. Son contenu correspond aux articles : Durieu et Tusche (2012), Dehling, Durieu, et Tusche (2012), et Dehiing, Durieu et Tusche (2013). Nous suivons l’approche par approximation introduite dans Dehling, Durieu, et Vo1n (2009) et Dehling and Durieu (2011), qui ont établi des théorèmes limite centraux empiriques pour des variables aléatoires dépendants à valeurs dans R ou RAd, respectivement. En développant leurs techniques, nous généralisons leurs résultats à des espaces arbitraires et à des processus empiriques indexés par des classes de fonctions. De plus, nous étudions des processus empiriques séquentiels. Nos résultats s’appliquent aux chaînes de Markov B-géométriquement ergodiques, aux modèles itératifs lipschitziens, aux systèmes dynamiques présentant un trou spectral pour l’opérateur de Perron-Frobenius associé, ou encore, aux automorphismes du tore. Nous établissons des conditions garantissant la convergence du processus empirique de tels modèles vers un processus gaussien
The present thesis studies weak convergence of empirical processes of multiple mixing data. It is based on the articles Durieu and Tusche (2012), Dehling, Durieu, and Tusche (2012), and Dehling, Durieu, and Tusche (2013). We follow the approximating class approach introduced by Dehling, Durieu, and Voln (2009)and Dehling and Durieu (2011), who established empirical central limit theorems for dependent R- and R”d-valued random variables, respectively. Extending their technique, we generalize their results to arbitrary state spaces and to empirical processes indexed by classes of functions. Moreover we study sequential empirical processes. Our results apply to B-geometrically ergodic Markov chains, iterative Lipschitz models, dynamical systems with a spectral gap on the Perron—Frobenius operator, and ergodic toms automorphisms. We establish conditions under which the empirical process of such processes converges weakly to a Gaussian process
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Bishop, Allen J. "Confined Mixing of Multiple Transverse Jets." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2012. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/894.

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The mixing performance of multiple transverse jets has been evaluated experimentally. Measurement techniques included laser Doppler velocimetry and planar laser induced fluorescence. Basic findings are consistent with results presented in literature for single jet mixing behavior. Mixing performance has been compared to literature for the single jet case and the Holdeman parameter has been re-evaluated for effectiveness at low jet numbers. A single jet in a confined crossflow was found to have a local minimum at B(d⁄D) = 0.721. Results for two jets indicate monotonically decreasing unmixedness for the range of conditions tested, with no local optimum apparent. Data for three jets indicate a local optimum at B(d⁄D) = 0.87and relatively flat range of mixing performance in the range of 0.75 < B(d⁄D) < 1.5. Six jets indicate a minimum unmixedness near B(d⁄D) = 0.5, but exhibited poorer mixing performance than all other configurations at the highest values of B(d⁄D)tested. The most optimum configuration tested was six jets at B(d⁄D) = 0.5, resulting in an unmixedness of 0.0192. This value was 76% lower than the next lowest configuration (three jets) at the same B(d⁄D).Total momentum was found to collapse the data well, as configurations more closely matched a historical correlation for second moment of a single confined jet more closely.
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Yassawi, Reem. "Multiple mixing of local rank group actions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0015/NQ44636.pdf.

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Yassawi, Reem Adel. "Multiple mixing of local rank group actions." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35655.

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Suppose G is a countable, Abelian group with an element of infinite order and let X be a mixing finite rank (rank r) action of G on a probability space, or let X be a mixing beta-local rank action of G with beta > 1/2. Suppose further that the Folner sequence { Fn } indexing the towers of the beta-local X satisfies a "bounded intersection property": there is a constant p such that each Fn can intersect no more than p disjoint translates of itself. If X is finite rank, we also suppose that the cardinalities of the r Folner sequences Fin ri=1 are comparable. We show that X is mixing of all orders. When G = Z, this extends the results of Kalikow and Ryzhikov to a large class of "funny" rank one transformations. We follow Ryzhikov's joining technique in our proof: the main theorem follows from showing that any pairwise independent joining of k copies of X is necessarily product measure. This method generalizes Ryzhikov's technique.
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Cases, Amat Montserrat. "Single and multiple addition to C60. A computational chemistry study." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8025.

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Des del seu descobriment, a la molècula C60 se li coneixen una varietat de derivats segons el tipus de funcionalització amb propietats fisicoquímiques específiques de gran interès científic. Una sel·lecció de derivats corresponents a addicions simple o múltiple al C60 s'ha considerat en aquest treball d'investigació. L'estudi a nivell de química computacional de diversos tipus d'addició al C60 s'han portat a terme per tal de poder donar resposta a aspectes que experimentalment no s'entenen o són poc clars.
Els sistemes estudiats en referència a l'addició simple al C60 han estat en primer lloc els monoiminoful·lerens, C60NR, (de les dues vies proposades per la seva síntesi, anàlisis cinètic i termodinàmic han ajudat a explicar els mecanismes de formació i justificar l'addició a enllaços tipus [5,6]), i en segon lloc els metanoful·lerens i els hidroful·lerens substituits, C60CHR i C60HR, (raons geomètriques, electròniques, energètiques i magnètiques justifiquen el diferent caràcter àcid ente ambdós derivats tenint en compte una sèrie de substituents R amb diferent caràcter electrònic donor/acceptor). Els fluoroful·lerens, C60Fn, i els epoxid ful·lerens, C60On, (anàlisi sistemàtic dels seus patrons d'addició en base a poder justificar la força que els governa han aportat dades complementàries a les poques que existeixen experimentalment al respecte).
Since the discovery of C60 molecule a large number of derivatives molecules have been described with a great scientific interest of their specific physical and chemical properties. A selection of single and multiple addition products has been considered in this investigation. Study at Computational Chemistry level for this selected derivatives have been carried out in order to give answer to several points that experimentally are not understandable or not enough clear.
As single addition derivatives, firstly were studied the monoiminofullerenes, C60NR, (two routes of synthesis have been considered, kinetic and thermodynamic analysis have help to explain formation mechanisms and justify the possible addition at [5,6]-type bonds), and secondly the methanofullerenes and the substituted hydrofullerenes, C60CHR and C60HR, (geometric, electronic, energetic and magnetic reasons justify the different acid character between both series of derivatives taking care on the influence of R substituents with different donor/acceptor character). The fluorofullerenes, C60Fn, and the epoxide fullerenes, C60On, have been studied as multiple addition derivatives (systematic analysis of the addition pattern have been performed in the way to find reasons to justify the driving force of the multiple addition process).
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Thompson, John Russell. "Multiple four-wave mixing processes in single-mode optical fiber." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30955.

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Ali, Md Shahjahan. "Mixing of a non-buoyant multiple jet group in crossflow." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29485587.

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Whitton, M. J. "Gas liquid mixing in tall vessels fitted with multiple impellers." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312190.

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Zhang, Qing. "Multiple recurrence and mixing properties for actions of amenable groups /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487759436328088.

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Rodgers, Thomas Lawrence. "Multiple-scale approach to understanding formulated product production." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/multiplescale-approach-to-understanding-formulated-product-production(a0de5c77-1bb7-4d7b-af3a-8ccb44a80f42).html.

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Consumer- and pharmaceutical-based products are a major component of the chemical industry. In the personal care industry, formulations often consist of a mixture of surfactants and fatty alcohols. The addition of surfactants aids the stability of the formulation. The formulated product microstructure depends upon the preparation conditions as well as the ingredients. Controlling which microstructures form during the production of a formulated product is important as different microstructures can have wildly different physical properties, making some far more favourable than others. This thesis examines several of the processes undertaken in the manufacture of formulated products. The dissolution of a surfactant in a bulk water phase is examined. This is examined in a number of ways; firstly, the dissolution times of the surfactants are measured using electrical resistance tomography. It is found that the dissolution time varies with the agitation rate, agitator size, and addition method. The dissolution is also examined using dissipative particle dynamics to gain insight into the dissolution on a molecular scale. It is found that the surfactant breaks into wormlike micelles on dissolution. If an oil is added to the initial bulk then the dissolution process is modified so that long cylinders are produced with some spherical micelles. Finally, the break-up rate is predicted using a breakage model based on the agitator shear rate and a network-of-zones model. This produces good results. The production and post-shear processing of a sample formulated product, hair conditioner, is examined. Firstly, the mixing in a vessel is examined with electrical resistance tomography. Problems are encountered when the production method involves the use of distilled water as the conductivity is very low; however, the mixing time of the final product in the vessel can be determined. It is also shown that the majority of the structural changes in the post-shearing process are caused by the in-line rotor-stator mixer. The viscosity of the product increases in a linear fashion with the shear rate, while the conductivity increases as a function of the shear rate and the recycle rate. This allows the monitoring of the post-shearing process to be carried out using electrical resistance tomography. This thesis also looks at the possibility of producing a multiple frequency electrical resistance tomography device to monitor formulated product production; however, it has been shown that the conductivity does not vary with the voltage frequency over a usable range. This meant that no further effort was put into developing this, as it gave no advantage over the traditional single frequency technique. Nevertheless, important advances towards better understanding of mixing processes resulted due to the investigations carried out.
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Books on the topic "Mixing or multiple addition"

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Holdeman, J. D. Mixing of multiple jets with a confined subsonic crossflow. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Stir it up: Mixing decimals. Norwood House Press, 2013.

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Miller, Aaron E., and Teresa M. DeAngelis. Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199732920.003.0001.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS), the most common cause of disability due to a neurological disease in young adults, can pose a challenging diagnosis. In this chapter, we summarize the typical symptomatology and the radiographic and paraclinical findings in MS. In addition, we briefly review candidate differential diagnostic entities, the current diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic options.
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Experiments in dilution jet mixing effects of multiple rows and non-circular orifices. [Washington, D.C.?]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1985.

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Center, Lewis Research, ed. Mixing of multiple jets with a confined subsonic crossflow: Summary of NASA-supported experiments and modeling. Cleveland, Ohio: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1991.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Mixing of multiple jets with a confined subsonic crossflow: Summary of NASA-supported experiments and modeling. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1991.

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Herndon, Robert M. Outcome Measures in Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199341016.003.0011.

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This chapter discusses the challenges involved in measuring disease activity and progression in multiple sclerosis and how different aspects of the disease are measured in clinical trials. Metrics have been developed to assess multiple aspects of the disease., These include, in addition to more global instruments, measures of specific functions such as, cognition, mobility, quality of life, fatigue, and so on. These scales are discussed along with their strengths and weaknesses.
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Hebert, Jeffrey R. Exercise and Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0086.

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has stated that significant health benefits are obtainable for persons with disability who engage in physical activity, recommending 30 to 40 minutes of daily, moderately intense activity. However, persons with MS are frequently physically inactive, with findings of a 6-month activity reduction rate of 6%. This progressive lessoning of physical activity over time is a major contributor to worsening of symptoms and ancillary medical complications such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and impaired bone health, underpinning the importance of exercise and physical activity by persons with MS. In addition to its effect on endurance and body composition, exercise may also reduce disease activity in MS. A regular exercise program combining exercise and physical activity that is tailored to the patient’s individual condition should be an important part of the plan of care for patients with MS.
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Turner, Susan. The Multiple Faces of Reentry. Edited by John Wooldredge and Paula Smith. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199948154.013.23.

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In recent years, prisoner reentry programs have been developed to promote the successful reintegration of offenders back into communities upon release from prison and jail. Specifically, these programs often involve a comprehensive case management approach to assist offenders in the acquisition of prosocial life skills. A variety of programs are currently used to facilitate the reentry process, including prerelease programs, drug rehabilitation, vocational training, and work programs. In addition, reentry courts have been established in several jurisdictions in an attempt to offer a more focused approach to community reintegration. This essay reviews the challenges associated with postrelease supervision and service delivery, including the potentially deleterious effects of long prison sentences and certain prison environments, as well as the development, implementation, and evaluation of prisoner reentry programs.
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Wittman, David M. Doppler Effect and Velocity Addition Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199658633.003.0009.

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We now pivot from relationships between frames to look at the effect of motion on communications between specific observers.This will help us look at the twin paradox in the next chapter, and will prove crucial to understanding the effects of gravity on time. Along the way, we develop an understanding of the Doppler effect; a key tool in many areas of modern science. We find that Doppler effects are reciprocal (Alice observes the same effect on Bob’s signals as Bob observes on Alice’s signals) and that Doppler effects compound over multiple frame changes. We then use the compounding of Doppler effects to deduce the algebraic formof the velocity addition law. We show that this Einstein velocity addition law reduces to the Galilean law at low speeds.
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Book chapters on the topic "Mixing or multiple addition"

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Sels, Liselotte. "Mixing Multiple Tracks." In Made in the Low Countries, 37–48. New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge global popular music series: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315687377-5.

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Bujalski, W., D. Hari-Prajitno, K. Takenaka, J. McKemmie, and A. W. Nienow. "Studies of Aerated Mixing with Multiple Axial Flow Hydrofoil (APV-B2) Impellers." In Mixing and Crystallization, 57–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2290-2_5.

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Grosche, Philipp, Jörg Rademann, and Günther Jung. "Addition to Carbon-Hetero Multiple Bonds." In Handbook of Combinatorial Chemistry, 322–45. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527603034.ch12.

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Vaidyanathan, Rajappa, and Carrie Brockway Wager. "Addition to Carbon-Heteroatom Multiple Bonds." In Practical Synthetic Organic Chemistry, 73–165. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118093559.ch2.

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Ragan, John A. "Addition to Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds." In Practical Synthetic Organic Chemistry, 167–235. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118093559.ch3.

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Gini, Giuseppina, Marco Lorenzini, Emilio Benfenati, Raffaella Brambilla, and Luca Malvé. "Mixing a Symbolic and a Subsymbolic Expert to Improve Carcinogenicity Prediction of Aromatic Compounds." In Multiple Classifier Systems, 126–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48219-9_13.

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Harrison, P. G. "By Addition to Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 329–30. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145234.ch132.

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Battistelle, Rosane Aparecida Gomes, Anderson Augusto Fabri, Barbara Stolte Bezerra, Bruno Humberto da Silva, and Obede Borges Faria. "Properties of Adobe Produced with Soils Mixing and Addition of Biopolymers." In INCREaSE 2019, 850–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30938-1_66.

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Isupov, Konstantin, and Alexander Kuvaev. "Multiple-Precision Scaled Vector Addition on Graphics Processing Unit." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 179–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25636-4_14.

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Celestini, Alessandro, Francesca Colaiori, Stefano Guarino, Enrico Mastrostefano, and Lena Rebecca Zastrow. "Epidemics in a Synthetic Urban Population with Multiple Levels of Mixing." In Complex Networks & Their Applications X, 315–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93413-2_27.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mixing or multiple addition"

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Zhang, Qi, and Pierre Mertiny. "Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelet Addition on the Conductive Behavior of Solution Mixing Processed Polylactide Biopolymer Nanocomposites." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-12053.

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Abstract The fabrication of highly thermally and electrically conductive polymer materials is of interest for multiple applications, for example, in electronics packaging and biosensors. Polylactic acid (PLA), a commercially available and biodegradable polyesters, is widely used and studied since it is considered a environmentally friendly alternative to petrochemical-based synthetic polymers. In the present study, graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) reinforced PLA composites were prepared via solution blending followed by a compression molding process. Various physical and thermo-mechanical analyses were performed with the prepared composites. For instance, the electrical conductivity of PLA/GNP composites at various filler loadings was determined using four-point probe resistivity measurements. An electrical conductivity of 0.1 S/cm was achieved at a GNP loading of 12 wt%. Using the hot-disk transient plane source method, anisotropic thermal conductivity properties were evaluated. An in-plane and through-plane thermal conductivity of 0.87 W/mK and 0.58 W/mK was achieved with the addition of 6 wt% GNP, which is a nearly twofold and over fourfold increase compared to neat PLA, respectively.
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Strasser, Wayne. "CFD Investigation of Gear Pump Mixing." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81167.

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A moving-deforming grid study was carried out using a commercial CFD solver, Fluent® 6.2.16, in order to quantify the level of mixing of a lower viscosity additive (at a mass concentration below 10%) into a higher viscosity process fluid for a large-scale metering gear pump configuration typical in plastics manufacturing. Second order upwinding and bounded central differencing schemes were used to reduce numerical diffusion. A maximum solver progression rate of 0.0003 revolutions per timestep was required for an accurate solution. Fluid properties, additive feed arrangement, pump scale, and pump speed were systematically studied for their effects on mixing. For each additive feed arrangement studied, the additive was fed in individual stream(s) into the pump intake. Pump intake additive variability, in terms of coefficient of variation (COV), was &gt; 300% for all cases. The model indicated that the pump discharge additive COV ranged from 32% for a single centerline additive feed stream to 3.9% for multiple additive feed streams. It was found that viscous heating and thermal/shear-thinning characteristics in the process fluid slightly improved mixing, reducing the outlet COV to 2.3% for the multiple feed stream case. The outlet COV fell to 1.4% for a half-scale arrangement with similar physics. Lastly, it was found that if the smaller unit’s speed were halved, the outlet COV was reduced to 1.1%.
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Wang, Yifeng, Jianzhong Lin, and Ruijin Wang. "Analysis on Chaotic Mixing Inside a Plug and Determination of Lagrangian Velocity." In 2007 First International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnc2007-21435.

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Mixing multiple fluids based on plugs flow is a better approach in microfluidic system. In order to understand the mixing mechanism based on plug flow, theoretical analysis based on chaotic mixing was carried out, and a micro-resolution particle image velocimetry (Micro-PIV) is used to measure the flow field in liquid plug involving liquid species to be mixed. Two recirculation flows forming in plugs can enhance the mixing efficiency because folding and stretching of the liquids occured deterministically in plugs. In addition, the Lagrangian velocity were determinated on the basis of Eulerian velocity by subtracting this droplet velocity vector from the measured Eulerian velocity field of the tracing particles results inside the moving droplet. These results are helpful to optimize the structure of micromixer and develop droplet based microfluidic system.
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Yunoki, Keita, Tomoya Murota, Tomohiro Asai, and Teruyuki Okazaki. "Large Eddy Simulation of a Multiple-Injection Dry Low NOx Combustor for Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Fuel at High Pressure." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-58119.

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The successful development of coal-based integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) technology requires gas turbines capable of achieving the dry low-nitrogen oxides (NOx) combustion of hydrogen-rich syngas for low emissions and high plant efficiency. Therefore we have been developing a multiple-injection burner for hydrogen-rich syngas fuel in order to achieve high efficiency and low environmental load. This burner consists of a perforated plate with multiple air holes and fuel nozzles. The multiple air holes and the fuel nozzles are arranged coaxially. The burner is based on the concept of premixed combustion configured by mixing fuel and air in the each air hole rapidly and dispersing fuel with multiple fuel-air jet. This rapid mixing can reduce NOx emissions by getting homogeneous lean premixed combustion, and preventing flashback despite the high flame speed for hydrogen-rich syngas fuels. The unsteady phenomena that occur in the combustion field should be understood in detail in order to confirm this burner concept. However, their measurement under high pressure is difficult. Meanwhile computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is able to investigate the detailed distributions of various emissions and temperature even though under combustion fields of high pressure and high temperature. The purpose of this paper is to validate this concept of the multiple-injection burner by using CFD. The burner can change the combustion form between premixed and non-premixed combustion by controlling the mixing, so the combustion field coexisting with premixed combustion and non-premixed combustion is complicated. Therefore, we have developed a hybrid turbulent combustion (HTC) model applicable to both non-premixed and premixed flames. The HTC model is hybridized with the flamelet progress variable (FPV) model and a flame propagation model. The FPV model is based on the laminar flamelet concept. The flame propagation model considers the flame stretch effect, diffusion enhancement effect, and increasing rate of flame surface area. The turbulent flow model adopts large eddy simulation (LES) with a dynamic sub-grid scale (SGS) based on the local inter-scale equilibrium assumption (LISEA4). Both the turbulent combustion model and turbulent flow model were programmed into a simulation tool based on the OpenFOAM library. We validated the concept of this burner for hydrogen-rich syngas fuel by using the simulation tool. The simulation results showed the rapid mixing of fuel and air in the air holes, and by using HTC model we confirmed that premixed combustion is the combustion configuration of this multiple-injection burner. In addition, the multiple-injection burner has high flame stability. There is no zone of high temperature in the air hole and high temperature is maintained near the burner. The multiple-injection burner can thus maintain flame stability without any flashback.
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Xie, Oliver, Parkson Lee-Gau Chong, and Jack Zhou. "A Smart Actuator Design for Multiple Bio-Reagent Mixing in a High Pressure Optical Cell for Bio-Physical Research Applications." In ASME 2008 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 3rd JSME/ASME International Conference on Materials and Processing. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec_icmp2008-72137.

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During the past two decades, bio-physicists have had an increasing interest in finding out what happens when two bio-material solutions are mixed under high pressure. Compared to temperature, pressure makes more contributions to our fundamental understanding of the structure-function relationship of biological systems, because pressure produces only volume changes under isothermal conditions, and pressure results can then be interpreted in a more straightforward manner. Window-type High Pressure Optical Cell (HPOC) such as the one designed by Paladini and Weber have provided biophysicists with a powerful tool to understanding the structure-function relationships of biological molecules. However, the conventional HPOC is only good for single solution testing and does not allow for quick mixing and stirring of additional components while the specimen is under pressure. This research is to thoroughly study the feasibility of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) as an actuator to perform mixing and agitation functions; and five types of SMA actuators were designed, simulated and tested for unplugging and mixing purposes. To conduct this research, SMA helical springs were fabricated in house according to the design requirements. With different combinations of SMA tensile springs, SMA compressive spring and biasing spring, significant ranges of vibration were developed. To further improving mixing process, a unique hybrid design of SMA as an actuator to unplug the stopper and micromotor as a stir device to agitate the solutions was developed. Rapid mixing of 95% of total solution in 10 seconds was achieved under 300 bars. A new HPOC was designed according to the new cuvette with its new unplug and mixing mechanism. Our industrial partner, ISS, further modified our design for easy manufacturing reason and fabricated the HPOC which made SMA actuator mixing test under pressure possible. A complete testing of the new HPOC system to observe bio-reagent mixing and reaction under high pressure was conducted and the results were satisfactory.
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Borissov, Anatoli, and James J. McCoy. "Supersonic Injection of Gaseous Fuel Described as Possible Solution for NOx Emissions From Large-Bore Gas Engines." In ASME 2002 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2002-448.

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Both physical and mathematical models were built to describe the main processes in large-bore gas engines. Based on the detail modeling and analysis of cylinder airflow, fuel injection, mixing, combustion and NOx generation, it was possible to pinpoint the problem of abnormal NOx production, even for lean mixtures, that occurs in these engines. In addition, analysis of the experimental data of jet mixing using high-speed photographic evidence, as well as engine performance data, has helped in the understanding of the mixing process. This has resulted in the development of a new way of the mixing of fuel and air utilizing multiple-nozzle supersonic injection. The fuel injection system is designed to optimize the mixing of the methane fuel with the air in the cylinder of a large bore natural gas engine. The design goals of low-pressure (<130 psi), all-electronic valve actuation, and optimal mixing were all achieved with a unique valve/nozzle arrangement. Later, a laser induced fluorescence method was used to take high-speed photographs of the development of the fuel jet exiting the newly developed supersonic electronic fuel injector (SSEFI). This result, together with the results of numerous experimental testing of SSEFI on different engines (GMVH-6, GMW-10, V-250, UTC-165) are presented as evidence of the success of the SSEFI application for the improvement of engine performance, engine control and NOx reduction.
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Yoon, Kyung-Ho, Wang-Kee In, Heung-Seok Kang, and Kee-Nam Song. "Developed a Spacer Grid for the Future PWR Fuel Assembly by Considering the Thermal/Hydraulic and Mechanical/Structural Performance." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49106.

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The spacer grid is one of the structural components for the fuel assembly. In order to increase or extend the fuel life cycle, a spacer grid which has a much higher performance from the thermal/hydraulic and mechanical/structural point of view will be needed. From the thermal/hydraulic viewpoint, the CHF margin is very important in order to extend its life. Particularly, the mixing flow or cross flow between the subchannels have to be reinforced for this purpose. From the mechanical/structural viewpoint, the critical strength and the fuel rod support behaviour of a spacer grid are the same as the TH performance improvement for the next generation fuel. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was performed to investigate the coolant mixing in a nuclear fuel bundle that is promoted by the mixing vane on the grid spacer. Single and multiple subchannels of one grid span of the fuel bundle were modeled to simulate a 5by5 rod array experiment with the mixing vane. The three-dimensional CFD models were generated by a structured multi-block method. The standard k-ε turbulence model was used in the current CFD simulation since it is practically useful and converges well for the complex turbulent flow in a nuclear fuel bundle. The CFD predictions of the axial and lateral mean flow velocities showed a somewhat larger difference from the experimental results near the spacer but represented the overall characteristics of the coolant mixing well in a nuclear fuel bundle with the mixing vane. Comparison of the single and multiple subchannel predictions shows a good agreement for the flow characteristics in the central subchannel of the rod array. The simulation of the multiple subchannels shows a slightly off-centered swirl in the peripheral subchannels due to the external wall of the rod array. It also shows no significant swirl and crossflow in the wall subchannels and the corner subchannels. In addition to this, the impact and the stress analysis of a spacer grid are accomplished by the FE method. The FE model was created using I-DEAS [4], and the ABAQUS/explicit version 6.3 commercial code was used for the solver. The FE analysis procedure was established, the FE analyses results were verified by the experimental method. The developed spacer grid will be evaluated from the thermal/hydraulic and mechanical/structural design criteria.
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Lan, Hongbo. "Active Mixing Nozzle for Multi-Material and Multi-Scale 3D Printing." In ASME 2017 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME/ASME 2017 6th International Conference on Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2017-2779.

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Multi-scale and multi-material 3D printing is new frontier in additive manufacturing. It has shown great potential to implement the simultaneous and full control for fabricated object including external geometry, internal architecture, functional surface, material composition and ratio as well as gradient distribution, feature size ranging from nano, micro, to marco-scale, embedded components and electro-circuit, etc. Furthermore, it has the ability to construct the heterogeneous and hierarchical structured object with tailored properties and multiple functionalities which cannot be achieved through the existing technologies. That paves the way and may result in great breakthrough in various applications, e.g., functional tissue and organ, functionally graded material/structure, wearable devices, soft robot, functionally embedded electronics, metamaterial, multi-functionality product, etc. However, very few of the established additive manufacturing processes have now the capability to implement the multi-material and multi-scale 3D printing. This paper presented a single nozzle-based multi-scale and multi-material 3D printing process by integrating the electrohydrodynamic jet (E-jet) printing and the active mixing multimaterial nozzle. The proposed AM technology has the capability to create multifunctional heterogeneously structured objects with control of the macro-scale external geometry and micro-scale internal structures as well as functional surface features, particularly, the potential to dynamically mix, grade and vary the ratios of different materials. An active mixing nozzle, as a core functional component of the 3D printer, is systematically investigated by combining with the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental verification. The study aims at exploring a feasible solution to implement the multi-scale and multi-material 3D printing at low cost.
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Hahm, Jungyoon, and Ali Beskok. "Flow and Species Transport Control in Grooved Micro-Channels." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-82111.

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We demonstrate flow control concepts in a grooved micro-channel using selectively patterned, electroosmotically active surfaces and locally applied electric fields. This framework enables formation of rather complex flow patterns in simple micro-geometries. Ability to vary the electric field magnitude and its polarity also manifests time-dependent flow alterations, which results in flow and species transport control abilities. The results obtained in a single micro-groove constitute the proof of concept for flow and species transport control in an integrated serial micro-fluidic process, where multiple species can be trapped and released in prescribed amounts in a micro-channel with multiple grooves. The groove size determines volume of the entrapped species. In addition, each groove can simultaneously contain one or two species at the same time. The proposed flow and species transport control scheme allows control over the interspecies diffusion and mixing time and length scales by simply adjusting the electric field direction and its magnitude. We envision utilization of flow and species transport in a grooved micro channel, where combinatorial chemistry experiments can be performed using multiple grooves, where each groove can be addressed (filled, emptied or mixed) independently.
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Giglio, Anthony L., Sumanta Acharya, and Kevin Kelly. "Distributed Micro Fuel Injection for Improved Premixing: Lean Blowout, Emissions, and Dynamics." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-60231.

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Reduction in NOx are generally obtained by lowering the flame temperature and locally improving the homogeneity of the reacting mixture. In this study, a novel premixer, the Micro Fuel Injection Swirler (MFIS) has been developed and manufactured to provide efficient and rapid mixing through distributed fuel injection, grid generated turbulence and countercurrent shear flow. The MFIS uses a circular array of porous swirl-panels that are hollow for micro scale distributed fuel injection. The fuel is introduced at multiple locations perpendicular to the plane of each swirl vane and countercurrent to the oncoming stream of air. The opposed injection enhances mixing, the porous-swirler grid introduces small-scale turbulence that further promotes mixing, and the swirl-panels provide the needed swirl for flame stability. Combustion tests were run in a cylindrical combustion chamber with inlet conditions at standard temperature (300K) and pressure (1 atm), and at firing rates of 10–58 kW. Measured parameters included lean blowout limits, flame temperature, NOx emissions, heat release rate (represented by CH light emission), and the pressure fluctuations upstream and downstream of the dump plane. The MFIS was located just upstream of the dump plane. In addition, a standard 8 vane, 45 degree solid swirler (SS) with fuel injection considerably upstream, was tested to provide a benchmark comparison. Combustion results indicated that the MFIS was capable of achieving lower equivalence ratios at lean blowout compared to the solid swirler cases tested. At a set thermal load, the MFIS produced higher flame temperatures, higher heat release rates near the dump plane, and comparable NOx emissions to the solid swirler cases. At equivalent operating temperatures, the MFIS produced nearly equal NOx emissions compared to the perfectly premixed solid swirler case in which fuel was injected far upstream of the dump plane. In summary, the MFIS was capable of providing efficient air/fuel mixing over a short premixing distance, affirming its effectiveness in lean premixed combustion systems.
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Reports on the topic "Mixing or multiple addition"

1

Chang, S. C. Using tank 107-AN caustic addition for confirmation of mixing scale relationship. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/74127.

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Wendt, J. O. L., and J. B. Mereb. Nitrogen oxide abatement by distributed fuel addition. [Reburning, mixing, effect of concentration of nitrogen]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6009379.

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Recknagle, Kurtis, Sarah Suffield, and John Barnett. Qualification of ANSI/HPS N13.1-2011 Mixing Criteria by Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling for the 3420 Building Fan Addition and Increased Ventilation Capacity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1814638.

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Thi Thanh, Vu, Le Thi Dan Dung, Jenny Yi-Chen Han, and Diane Archer. Viet Nam’s Craft Villages and Occupational Air Pollution: Socioeconomic Disparities and Gendered Exposures. Stockholm Environment Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.034.

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This policy brief summarizes recent research on gender, age and other socioeconomic and cultural factors that lead to air pollution exposures in Viet Nam's workplaces. In addition to key findings, the authors make policy recommendations for local and national governments to address these issues at multiple scales.
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Moghtadernejad, Sara, Ehsan Barjasteh, Ren Nagata, and Haia Malabeh. Enhancement of Asphalt Performance by Graphene-Based Bitumen Nanocomposites. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1918.

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As the State of California continues to grow, demand for enhanced infrastructure such as roadways and highways escalates. In view of the current average highway lifespan of 15–20 years, the improvement of asphalt binders leads to material sustainability by decreasing required maintenance and increasing the lifespan of roadways. In the present investigation, enhancement of asphalt binder properties was achieved by different methods of mixing varying compositions of graphene nanoparticles with an SBS polymer and asphalt binder. Additionally, experimental evaluation and comparison of the rheological and mechanical properties of each specimen is presented. Graphene nanoparticles have attracted great curiosity in the field of highway materials due to their incredible rigidity, even in small quantities. Addition of as little as 1.0%nanoparticles in combination with polymers in an asphalt binder is expected to increase the rigidity of the material while also maintaining the beneficial polymer characteristics. Evaluation of the effect of the mixing design established that the methods for application of graphene to the polymer-modified asphalt binder are critical in the improvement of a roadway, resulting in resistance to premature aging and strain from constant road operation.
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Burroughs, Jedadiah, Jason Weiss, and John Haddock. Influence of high volumes of silica fume on the rheological behavior of oil well cement pastes. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41288.

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Specialized classes of concrete, such as ultra-high-performance concrete, use volumes of silica fume in concrete that are higher than those in conventional concrete, resulting in increased water demand and mixing difficulty. This study considered the effects of eight different silica fumes in three dosages (10%, 20%, 30%) with three w/b (0.20, 0.30, 0.45) on rheological behavior as characterized by the Herschel-Bulkley model. Results indicated that the specific source of silica fume used, in addition to dosage and w/b, had a significant effect on the rheological behavior. As such, all silica fumes cannot be treated as equivalent or be directly substituted one for another without modification of the mixture proportion. The rheology of cement pastes is significantly affected by the physical properties of silica fume more so than any chemical effects.
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Anderson, Olin, and Gad Galili. Development of Assay Systems for Bioengineering Proteins that Affect Dough Quality and Wheat Utilization. United States Department of Agriculture, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568781.bard.

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The quality and utilization of wheat is largely dependent upon the exact physical/chemical properties of the doughs made from flour/water mixtures. Among the wheat seed components most correlated with dough visoelastic parameters are the high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits whose disulfide cross-linked macropolymer is critical for dough functionality. We have used the tools of molecular biology, wheat transformation, heterologous expression of HMW-glutenin subunits in bacteria, and dough micro-mixing experiments to examine some of the molecular basis of HMW-glutenin functionality. In addition, we have developed sets of modified and synthetic gene constructs and transgenic wheat lines that will allow further examination of the role of the HMW-glutenins. Among the results from this work is evidence that the HMW-glutenin repeat domain is directly related to dough properties, the demonstration that interaction between subunits is dependent upon domain presence but not order, a novel understanding of the restrictions on intra-vs inter-chain disulfide bonds, the demonstration that HMW-glutenin genes can be transformed into wheat for simultaneously high expression of the transgene and suppression of the endogenous genes, and the construction of a set of modified HMW-glutenins capable of being epitope tagged for studying polypeptide subcellular processing and the fate of HMW-glutenins in dough mixing experiments.
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Muhlestein, Michael. Willis coupling in one-dimensional layered bulk media. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45862.

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Willis coupling, which couples the constitutive equations of an acoustical material, has been applied to acoustic metasurfaces with promising results. However, less is understood about Willis coupling in bulk media. In this paper a multiple-scales homogenization method is used to analyze the source and interpretation of Willis coupling in one-dimensional bulk media without any hidden degrees of freedom, or one-dimensional layered media. As expected from previous work, Willis coupling is shown to arise from geometric asymmetries, but is further shown to depend greatly on the measurement position. In addition, a discussion of the predicted material properties, including Willis coupling, of macroscopically inhomogeneous media is presented.
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Matthews, Stephen N., Louis Iverson, Matthew Peters, and Anantha Prasad. Assessing potential climate change pressures across the conterminous United States. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6941248.ch.

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The maps and tables presented here represent potential variability of projected climate change across the conterminous United States during three 30-year periods in this century and emphasizes the importance of evaluating multiple signals of change across large spatial domains. Maps of growing degree days, plant hardiness zones, heat zones, and cumulative drought severity depict the potential for markedly shifting conditions and highlight regions where changes may be multifaceted across these metrics. In addition to the maps, the potential change in these climate variables are summarized in tables according to the seven regions of the fourth National Climate Assessment to provide additional regional context. Viewing these data collectively further emphasizes the potential for novel climatic space under future projections of climate change and signals the wide disparity in these conditions based on relatively near-term human decisions of curtailing (or not) greenhouse gas emissions.
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Wandji, Dieunedort, Jeremy Allouche, and Gauthier Marchais. Vernacular Resilience: An Approach to Studying Long-Term Social Practices and Cultural Repertoires of Resilience in Côte d’Ivoire and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/steps.2021.001.

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This working paper aims to situate our research project within the various debates around resilience. It advocates a historical, cultural and plural approach to understanding how communities develop and share resilient practices in contexts of multiple and protracted crises. A focus on ‘vernacular’ resilience, as embedded in social practices and cultural repertoires, is important since conventional approaches to resilience seem to have overlooked how locally embedded forms of resilience are socially constructed historically. Our approach results from a combination of two observations. Firstly, conventional approaches to resilience in development, humanitarian and peace studies carry the limitations of their own epistemic assumptions – notably the fact that they have generic conceptions of what constitutes resilience. Secondly, these approaches are often ahistorical and neglect the temporal and intergenerational dimensions of repertoires of resilience. In addition to observable social practices, culture and history are crucial in understanding the ways in which vernacular and networked knowledge operates.
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