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Journal articles on the topic 'Mixing at Microscale'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Ober, Thomas J., Daniele Foresti, and Jennifer A. Lewis. "Active mixing of complex fluids at the microscale." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 40 (2015): 12293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509224112.

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Mixing of complex fluids at low Reynolds number is fundamental for a broad range of applications, including materials assembly, microfluidics, and biomedical devices. Of these materials, yield stress fluids (and gels) pose the most significant challenges, especially when they must be mixed in low volumes over short timescales. New scaling relationships between mixer dimensions and operating conditions are derived and experimentally verified to create a framework for designing active microfluidic mixers that can efficiently homogenize a wide range of complex fluids. Active mixing printheads are

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2

Heyman, Joris, Daniel R. Lester, Régis Turuban, Yves Méheust, and Tanguy Le Borgne. "Stretching and folding sustain microscale chemical gradients in porous media." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 24 (2020): 13359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002858117.

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Fluid flow in porous media drives the transport, mixing, and reaction of molecules, particles, and microorganisms across a wide spectrum of natural and industrial processes. Current macroscopic models that average pore-scale fluctuations into an effective dispersion coefficient have shown significant limitations in the prediction of many important chemical and biological processes. Yet, it is unclear how three-dimensional flow in porous structures govern the microscale chemical gradients controlling these processes. Here, we obtain high-resolution experimental images of microscale mixing patte

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3

Enfield, Kent, Jeremy Siekas, and Deborah Pence. "LAMINATE MIXING IN MICROSCALE FRACTAL-LIKE MERGING CHANNEL NETWORKS." Microscale Thermophysical Engineering 8, no. 3 (2004): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10893950490477383.

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4

Sun, Chen-li, and Tzu-hsun Hsiao. "Quantitative analysis of microfluidic mixing using microscale schlieren technique." Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 15, no. 2 (2013): 253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10404-013-1148-2.

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5

VERGUET, STÉPHANE, CHUANHUA DUAN, ALBERT LIAU, et al. "Mechanics of liquid–liquid interfaces and mixing enhancement in microscale flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 652 (May 19, 2010): 207–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112009994113.

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Experimental work on mixing in microfluidic devices has been of growing importance in recent years. Interest in probing reaction kinetics faster than the minute or hour time scale has intensified research in designing microchannel devices that would allow the reactants to be mixed on a time scale faster than that of the reaction. Particular attention has been paid to the design of microchannels in order to enhance the advection phenomena in these devices. Ultimately, in vitro studies of biological reactions can now be performed in conditions that reflect their native intracellular environments

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6

Zhou, Ran, Athira N. Surendran, Marcel Mejulu, and Yang Lin. "Rapid Microfluidic Mixer Based on Ferrofluid and Integrated Microscale NdFeB-PDMS Magnet." Micromachines 11, no. 1 (2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11010029.

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Ferrofluid-based micromixers have been widely used for a myriad of microfluidic industrial applications in biochemical engineering, food processing, and detection/analytical processes. However, complete mixing in micromixers is extremely time-consuming and requires very long microchannels due to laminar flow. In this paper, we developed an effective and low-cost microfluidic device integrated with microscale magnets manufactured with neodymium (NdFeB) powders and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to achieve rapid micromixing between ferrofluid and buffer flow. Experiments were conducted systematical

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7

Folkard, Andrew. "The Multi-Scale Layering-Structure of Thermal Microscale Profiles." Water 13, no. 21 (2021): 3042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13213042.

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Thermal microstructure profiling is an established technique for investigating turbulent mixing and stratification in lakes and oceans. However, it provides only quasi-instantaneous, 1-D snapshots. Other approaches to measuring these phenomena exist, but each has logistic and/or quality weaknesses. Hence, turbulent mixing and stratification processes remain greatly under-sampled. This paper contributes to addressing this problem by presenting a novel analysis of thermal microstructure profiles, focusing on their multi-scale stratification structure. Profiles taken in two small lakes using a Se

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Davidson, Max, Paul Dommersnes, Martin Markström, Jean-Francois Joanny, Mattias Karlsson, and Owe Orwar. "Fluid Mixing in Growing Microscale Vesicles Conjugated by Surfactant Nanotubes." Journal of the American Chemical Society 127, no. 4 (2005): 1251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0451113.

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9

Dzwinel, W., W. Alda, M. Pogoda, and D. A. Yuen. "Turbulent mixing in the microscale: a 2D molecular dynamics simulation." Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena 137, no. 1-2 (2000): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2789(99)00177-3.

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10

Dürauer, Astrid, Stefanie Hobiger, Cornelia Walther, and Alois Jungbauer. "Mixing at the microscale: Power input in shaken microtiter plates." Biotechnology Journal 11, no. 12 (2016): 1539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biot.201600027.

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11

Zimmerman, William B., and P. C. Chatwin. "Statistical fluctuations due to microscale mixing in a diffusion layer." Environmetrics 6, no. 6 (1995): 665–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.3170060614.

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12

Kim, Jin-Yeon, Aurelio Bellotti, Prasanth Alapati, Kimberly E. Kurtis, Jianmin Qu, and Laurence J. Jacobs. "Use of a non-collinear wave mixing technique to image internal microscale damage in concrete." Journal of Applied Physics 131, no. 14 (2022): 145102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0086194.

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This research demonstrates the feasibility of using a non-collinear wave mixing technique to image internal microscale damage throughout the interior volume of a relatively large (28 cm thick) concrete component. By exploiting the underlying mechanics of nonlinear wave mixing, it is possible to mix two incident waves with frequencies low enough to propagate without being scattered by the inherently heterogenous, concrete microstructure, while still being sensitive to damage features with length scales well below these incident wavelengths. For this study, scanning and imaging is accomplished b

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13

Leu, T. S., and F. C. Ma. "Novel EHD-Pump Driven Micro Mixers." Journal of Mechanics 21, no. 3 (2005): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1727719100000575.

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AbstractNovel electrohydrodynamic (EHD) pump driven micro mixers are fabricated to study fluidic mixing in micro channels experimentally. Microscopic flow visualization experiments are presented to visualize microscale mixing in micro mixers. Mixing is achieved in a laminar flow by perturbing the main flow with EHD pumps in a micro channel. EHD pumps operate in a way to form cross-stream mixing mechanism by using either dc voltage or traveling wave signals. Experimental results show transverse or vortical cross-stream flows are generated within hundreds microns distance in the micro mixers, th

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14

Kim, Chul-Kyu, and Joon-Yong Yoon. "Optimal design of groove shape on passive micromixer using design of experiment technique." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 231, no. 4 (2016): 880–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954408916640663.

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Passive micromixers are one of the parts used for the mixing of two or more fluids in micro-electro-mechanical system devices, and they have been developed for various types. Fluid mixing in microscale devices is essential in microfluidic applications; however, it is difficult to mix fluids in microchannels due to the slowness of the molecular diffusion process at the microscale. In this study, optimization of the groove shape geometries of a micromixer using response surface design was performed, and the mixing performance was investigated through a numerical analysis applied with the passive

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15

Jarecka, Dorota, Wojciech W. Grabowski, and Hanna Pawlowska. "Modeling of Subgrid-Scale Mixing in Large-Eddy Simulation of Shallow Convection." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 66, no. 7 (2009): 2125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jas2929.1.

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Abstract This paper discusses an extension of the approach proposed previously to represent the delay of cloud water evaporation and buoyancy reversal due to the cloud–environment mixing in bulk microphysics large-eddy simulation of clouds. In the original approach, an additional equation for the mean spatial scale of cloudy filaments was introduced to represent the progress toward microscale homogenization of a volume undergoing turbulent cloud–environment mixing, with the evaporation of cloud water allowed only when the filament scale approached the Kolmogorov microscale. Here, it is shown t

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Zhang, Tina, Paul Costigan, Nitin Varshney, and Antonio Tricoli. "Disposable micro stir bars by photodegradable organic encapsulation of hematite–magnetite nanoparticles." RSC Advances 6, no. 40 (2016): 33843–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra22082c.

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17

Zhang, Meng, Yunfeng Cui, Weihua Cai, et al. "High Mixing Efficiency by Modulating Inlet Frequency of Viscoelastic Fluid in Simplified Pore Structure." Processes 6, no. 11 (2018): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6110210.

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Fluid mixing plays an essential role in microscale flow systems. Here, we propose an active mixing approach which enhances the mixing of viscoelastic fluid flow in a simplified pore T-junction structure. Mixing is actively controlled by modulating the driving pressure with a sinusoidal signal at the two inlets of the T-junction. The mixing effect is numerically investigated for both Newtonian and viscoelastic fluid flows under different pressure modulation conditions. The result shows that a degree of mixing as high as 0.9 is achieved in viscoelastic fluid flows through the T-junction mixer wh

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18

Granados-Ortiz, Francisco-Javier, and Joaquín Ortega-Casanova. "Mechanical Characterisation and Analysis of a Passive Micro Heat Exchanger." Micromachines 11, no. 7 (2020): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11070668.

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Heat exchangers are widely used in many mechanical, electronic, and bioengineering applications at macro and microscale. Among these, the use of heat exchangers consisting of a single fluid passing through a set of geometries at different temperatures and two flows in T-shape channels have been extensively studied. However, the application of heat exchangers for thermal mixing over a geometry leading to vortex shedding has not been investigated. This numerical work aims to analyse and characterise a heat exchanger for microscale application, which consists of two laminar fluids at different te

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19

Plouffe, Patrick, Arturo Macchi, and Adam A. Donaldson. "Enhancement of Interphase Transport in Mini-/Microscale Applications Using Passive Mixing." Heat Transfer Engineering 34, no. 2-3 (2013): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457632.2013.703476.

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20

Taylor, David P., and Govind V. Kaigala. "Reconfigurable microfluidics: real-time shaping of virtual channels through hydrodynamic forces." Lab on a Chip 20, no. 10 (2020): 1720–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0lc00197j.

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Virtual microfluidic channels, formed through hydrodynamic focusing within a 2D flow cell, enable the dynamic implementation of key microfluidic functionalities, such as the precise guiding, splitting, merging and mixing of microscale flows.

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21

Awoyera, Paul O., Oyinkansola Awobayikun, Ravindran Gobinath, and Emmanuel I. Ugwu. "Rheological, Mineralogical and Strength Variability of Concrete due to Construction Water Impurities." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 48 (May 2020): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.48.78.

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Various national and international standards recommend potable water for mixing concrete; however, the availability of potable water is virtually a daunting task in some developing communities. Concrete workers in such environments tend to utilize any available water for mixing concrete, and this may be detrimental to the quality of the concrete being produced. This study investigates the rheological, mineralogical and strength variability of concrete due to construction water impurities. Water samples were collected from four different construction sites within Southwestern region of Nigeria

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22

Mizonov, V., E. Barantseva, Y. Khokhlova, H. Berthiaux, and C. Gatumel. "Theoretical Study of Superposition of Macro- and Microscale Mixing and its Influence on Mixing Kinetics and Mixture Quality." Particulate Science and Technology 27, no. 4 (2009): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02726350902991015.

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23

Zhang, Chenshuo, Zifei Fan, Anzhu Xu, and Guangyan Hu. "Microscale Investigations of Mixing in a Matrix-Fracture Medium for Intermixing Displacement." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 53, no. 2 (2017): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10553-017-0798-2.

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24

Naveira Garabato, Alberto C., Kurt L. Polzin, Raffaele Ferrari, Jan D. Zika, and Alexander Forryan. "A Microscale View of Mixing and Overturning across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current." Journal of Physical Oceanography 46, no. 1 (2016): 233–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-15-0025.1.

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AbstractThe relative roles of isoneutral stirring by mesoscale eddies and dianeutral stirring by small-scale turbulence in setting the large-scale temperature–salinity relation of the Southern Ocean against the action of the overturning circulation are assessed by analyzing a set of shear and temperature microstructure measurements across Drake Passage in a “triple decomposition” framework. It is shown that a picture of mixing and overturning across a region of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) may be constructed from a relatively modest number of microstructure profiles. The rates of is

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25

Zhao, Yu, Jiawei Li, Menglei Zhang, Yangyang Zhao, Jianglin Zou, and Tao Chen. "Phase-unwrapping algorithm combined with wavelet transform and Hilbert transform in self-mixing interference for individual microscale particle detection." Chinese Optics Letters 21, no. 4 (2023): 041204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202321.041204.

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26

DRAZEN, DAVID A., and W. KENDALL MELVILLE. "Turbulence and mixing in unsteady breaking surface waves." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 628 (June 1, 2009): 85–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112009006120.

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Laboratory measurements of the post-breaking velocity field due to unsteady deep-water breaking are presented. Digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) is used to measure the entire post-breaking turbulent cloud with high-resolution imagery permitting the measurement of scales fromO(1m) down toO(1mm). Ensemble-averaged quantities including mean velocity, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) density and Reynolds stress are presented and compare favourably with the results of Melville, Veron & White (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 454, 2002, pp. 203–233; MVW). However, due to limited resolution, MVW's meas

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27

Gao, Shang, Xichuan Rui, Xiangyu Zeng, and Jia Zhou. "EWOD Chip with Micro-Barrier Electrode for Simultaneous Enhanced Mixing during Transportation." Sensors 23, no. 16 (2023): 7102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23167102.

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Digital microfluidic platforms have been extensively studied in biology. However, achieving efficient mixing of macromolecules in microscale, low Reynolds number fluids remains a major challenge. To address this challenge, this study presents a novel design solution based on dielectric electro-wetting (EWOD) by optimizing the geometry of the transport electrode. The new design integrates micro-barriers on the electrodes to generate vortex currents that promote mixing during droplet transport. This design solution requires only two activation signals, minimizing the number of pins required. The

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28

Radko, Timour. "Thermohaline layering on the microscale." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 862 (January 14, 2019): 672–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.976.

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A theoretical model is developed which illustrates the dynamics of layering instability, frequently realized in ocean regions with active fingering convection. Thermohaline layering is driven by the interplay between large-scale stratification and primary double-diffusive instabilities operating at the microscale – temporal and spatial scales set by molecular dissipation. This interaction is described by a combination of direct numerical simulations and an asymptotic multiscale model. The multiscale theory is used to formulate explicit and dynamically consistent flux laws, which can be readily

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HO, CHIH-MING, and YITSHAK ZOHAR. "The PVC technique – a method to estimate the dissipation length scale in turbulent flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 352 (December 10, 1997): 135–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112097007180.

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A time-averaged length scale can be defined by a pair of successive turbulent-velocity derivatives, i.e. [dnu(x)/ dxn]′/ [dn+1u(x)/ dxn+1]′. The length scale associated with the zeroth- and the first-order derivatives, u′/u′x, is the Taylor microscale. In isotropic turbulence, this scale is the average length between zero crossings of the velocity signal. The average length between zero crossings of the first velocity derivative, i.e. u′x/u′xx, can be reliably obtained by using the peak-valley-counting (PVC) technique. We have found that the most probable scale, rather than the average, equals

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Davidovits, S., C. R. Weber, and D. S. Clark. "Modeling ablator grain structure impacts in ICF implosions." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 11 (2022): 112708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0107534.

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High-density carbon is a leading ablator material for inertial confinement fusion (ICF). This and some other ablator materials have grain structure which is believed to introduce very small-scale (∼nm) density inhomogeneity. In principle, such inhomogeneity can affect key ICF metrics like fuel compression and yield, by, for example, acting as a seed for instabilities and inducing mix between ablator and fuel. However, assessments of such effects are uncertain due to the difficulty of modeling this small-scale structure in ICF simulations, typically requiring reduced-resolution modeling that sc

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31

Sinha, Akash, M. Zunaid, Sulekh Tokas, and Mubashshir Ahmad Ansari. "Numerical study of microscale passive mixing in a 3-Dimensional spiral mixer design." Materials Today: Proceedings 56 (2022): 851–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.508.

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32

Shi, Yanxiang, Vishwanath Somashekar, Rodney O. Fox, and Michael G. Olsen. "Visualization of turbulent reactive mixing in a planar microscale confined impinging-jet reactor." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 21, no. 11 (2011): 115006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/21/11/115006.

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33

Sun, Chen-li, and Tzu-hsun Hsiao. "On the background design for microscale background-oriented schlieren measurements of microfluidic mixing." Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 17, no. 2 (2013): 375–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10404-013-1309-3.

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34

Qian, Jin-yuan, Xiao-juan Li, Zhi-xin Gao, and Zhi-jiang Jin. "Mixing Efficiency Analysis on Droplet Formation Process in Microchannels by Numerical Methods." Processes 7, no. 1 (2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7010033.

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Liquid–liquid two-phase flow in microchannels has attracted much attention, due to the superiority of mass transfer enhancement. One of the biggest unresolved challenges is the low mixing efficiency at the microscale. Suitable mixing efficiency is important to promote the mass transfer of two-phase flow in microchannels. In this paper, the mixing efficiency in three junction configurations, including a cross-shaped junction, a cross-shaped T-junction, and a T-junction, is investigated by the volume of fluid (VOF) method coupled with user-defined scalar (UDS) model. All three junction configura

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35

Hu, Qingming, Jianhua Guo, Zhongliang Cao, and Hongyuan Jiang. "Asymmetrical Induced Charge Electroosmotic Flow on a Herringbone Floating Electrode and Its Application in a Micromixer." Micromachines 9, no. 8 (2018): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9080391.

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Enhancing mixing is of significant importance in microfluidic devices characterized by laminar flows and low Reynolds numbers. An asymmetrical induced charge electroosmotic (ICEO) vortex pair generated on the herringbone floating electrode can disturb the interface of two-phase fluids and deliver the fluid transversely, which could be exploited to accomplish fluid mixing between two neighbouring fluids in a microscale system. Herein we present a micromixer based on an asymmetrical ICEO flow induced above the herringbone floating electrode array surface. We investigate the average transverse IC

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36

Rouhi, Omid, Sajad Razavi Bazaz, Hamid Niazmand, et al. "Numerical and Experimental Study of Cross-Sectional Effects on the Mixing Performance of the Spiral Microfluidics." Micromachines 12, no. 12 (2021): 1470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12121470.

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Mixing at the microscale is of great importance for various applications ranging from biological and chemical synthesis to drug delivery. Among the numerous types of micromixers that have been developed, planar passive spiral micromixers have gained considerable interest due to their ease of fabrication and integration into complex miniaturized systems. However, less attention has been paid to non-planar spiral micromixers with various cross-sections and the effects of these cross-sections on the total performance of the micromixer. Here, mixing performance in a spiral micromixer with differen

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37

Shi, Yanxiang, Rodney O. Fox, and Michael G. Olsen. "Confocal imaging of laminar and turbulent mixing in a microscale multi-inlet vortex nanoprecipitation reactor." Applied Physics Letters 99, no. 20 (2011): 204103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3662042.

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38

Ronen, Daniel, Mordeckai Magaritz, and Nathan Paldor. "Microscale haline convection-A proposed mechanism for transport and mixing at the water table region." Water Resources Research 24, no. 7 (1988): 1111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/wr024i007p01111.

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39

Williams, Ian S. "Some observations on the use of zircon U-Pb geochronology in the study of granitic rocks." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 83, no. 1-2 (1992): 447–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300008129.

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ABSTRACTIn situ, microscale, U-Pb isotopic analyses of zircon using the SHRIMP ion microprobe demonstrate both the potential and the limitations of zircon U-Pb geochronology. Most zircons, whether from igneous or metamorphic rocks, need to be considered as mixed isotopic systems. In simple, young igneous rocks the mixing is principally between isotopically disturbed and undisturbed zircon. In polymetamorphic rocks, several generations of zircon growth can coexist, each with a different pattern of discordance. A similar situation exists for igneous rocks rich in inherited zircon, as these conta

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40

Briggs, D. A., J. H. Ferziger, J. R. Koseff, and S. G. Monismith. "Entrainment in a shear-free turbulent mixing layer." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 310 (March 10, 1996): 215–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112096001784.

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Results from a direct numerical simulation of a shear-free turbulent mixing layer are presented. The mixing mechanisms associated with the turbulence are isolated. In the first set of simulations, the turbulent mixing layer decays as energy is exchanged between the layers. Energy spectra with E(k) ∼ k2 and E(k) ∼ k4 dependence at low wavenumber are used to initialize the flow to investigate the effect of initial conditions. The intermittency of the mixing layer is quantified by the skewness and kurtosis of the velocity fields: results compare well with the shearless mixing layer experiments of

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41

Dutta, Diganta, Keifer Smith, and Xavier Palmer. "Long-Range ACEO Phenomena in Microfluidic Channel." Surfaces 6, no. 2 (2023): 145–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/surfaces6020011.

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Microfluidic devices are increasingly utilized in numerous industries, including that of medicine, for their abilities to pump and mix fluid at a microscale. Within these devices, microchannels paired with microelectrodes enable the mixing and transportation of ionized fluid. The ionization process charges the microchannel and manipulates the fluid with an electric field. Although complex in operation at the microscale, microchannels within microfluidic devices are easy to produce and economical. This paper uses simulations to convey helpful insights into the analysis of electrokinetic microfl

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42

Padman, L. "Near-surface mixing in a freshwater lake." Marine and Freshwater Research 42, no. 6 (1991): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9910655.

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Mixing rates in the upper 10 m of a freshwater lake during the spring heating season are examined by means of fine-structure temperature profiles. Dissipation rate, eddy diffusivity, and vertical heat flux are estimated from 'Thorpe reordering' of measured temperature profiles, a technique that allows these parameters to be obtained from the energy-containing scales of the turbulence rather than from the much smaller scales at which kinetic energy dissipation and scalar diffusion actually occur. The estimated vertical heat fluxes agree reasonably well with the seasonal variability of the lake'

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43

Rezaei, N., and A. Firoozabadi. "Macro- and Microscale Waterflooding Performances of Crudes which form w/o Emulsions upon Mixing with Brines." Energy & Fuels 28, no. 3 (2014): 2092–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef402223d.

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44

Yamamoto, Masaru. "Microscale simulations of Venus’ convective adjustment and mixing near the surface: Thermal and material transport processes." Icarus 211, no. 2 (2011): 993–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2010.11.019.

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45

Pawlik, Grzegorz, Wojciech Radosz, Antoni Mitus, et al. "Holographic grating inscription in DR1: DNA-CTMA thin films: the puzzle of time scales." Open Chemistry 12, no. 8 (2014): 886–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-014-0543-1.

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AbstractWe study experimentally the dynamics of holographic inscription of gratings in DR1:DNA-CTMA thin films using a degenerate two-wave mixing (DTWM) setup in its initial phase (30 ms) and in a longer time interval (30 s). The temporal pattern of evolution of diffraction efficiency is complex, simple fitting procedures fail to reproduce the data. We point out that the complex dynamics can originate a large span of temporal scales, closely related to the microscale inhomogeneity of local free volume. Some of its hallmarks are found through Monte Carlo simulations.

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46

Worth, N. A., and T. B. Nickels. "Some characteristics of thin shear layers in homogeneous turbulent flow." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 369, no. 1937 (2011): 709–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0297.

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Tomographic particle image velocimetry measurements of homogeneous isotropic turbulence that have been made in a large mixing tank facility at Cambridge are analysed in order to characterize thin highly sheared regions that have been observed. The results indicate that such regions coincide with regions of high enstrophy, dissipation and stretching. Large velocity jumps are observed across the width of these regions. The thickness of the shear layers seems to scale with the Taylor microscale, as has been suggested previously. The results discussed here concentrate on examining individual reali

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Wang, Haotian, Kai Yang, Hua Wang, Jingyuan Wu, and Qingtai Xiao. "Statistical Image Analysis on Liquid-Liquid Mixing Uniformity of Micro-Scale Pipeline with Chaotic Structure." Energies 16, no. 4 (2023): 2045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16042045.

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The aim of this work is to introduce a novel statistical technique for quantifying the concentration field uniformity of the liquid-liquid mixing process within a micro-scale chaotic pipeline. For illustration, the microscale liquid-liquid mixer in which the inlet direction is parallel to the mixing unit is designed by using the chaotic pipeline with Baker map. Meanwhile, the non-uniformity coefficient method is adopted quantificationally instead of qualitatively estimating the concentration field uniformity of the chaotic micromixer based on uniform design theory and image analysis. Results s

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Kozlu, H., B. B. Mikic, and A. T. Patera. "Turbulent Heat Transfer Augmentation Using Microscale Disturbances Inside the Viscous Sublayer." Journal of Heat Transfer 114, no. 2 (1992): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2911282.

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We report here on an experimental study of heat transfer augmentation in turbulent flow. Enhancement strategies employed in this investigation are based on the near-wall mixing processes induced in the sublayer through appropriate wall and near-wall streamwise-periodic disturbances. Experiments are performed in a low-turbulence wind-tunnel with a high-aspect-ratio rectangular channel having either (a) two-dimensional periodic microgrooves on the wall, or (b) two-dimensional microcylinders placed in the immediate vicinity of the wall. It is found that micro-disturbances placed inside the sublay

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Pleskot, Krzysztof. "Sedimentological characteristics of debris flow Deposits within ice−cored moraine of Ebbabreen, central Spitsbergen." Polish Polar Research 36, no. 2 (2015): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popore-2015-0006.

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Abstract The Ebbabreen ice−cored moraine area is covered with a sediment layer of up to 2.5 m thick, which mostly consists of massive diamicton. Due to undercutting by lateral streams, debris flow processes have been induced in marginal parts of this moraine. It was recognized that the sedimentology of deposits within the deposition area of debris flows is the effect of: (1) the origin of the sediments, (2) the nature of the debris flow, and (3) post−debris flow reworking. Analysis of debris flow deposits in microscale (thin sections) suggests a common mixing during flow, even though a small a

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Wood, M. G., P. F. Greenfield, T. Howes, M. R. Johns, and J. Keller. "Computational fluid dynamic modelling of wastewater ponds to improve design." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 12 (1995): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0470.

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Wastewater ponds are a popular treatment alternative in Australia, especially in the meat industry. However, increasingly stringent Australian environmental legislation is raising questions about the continued viability of ponds. Traditional design methods do not address the hydrodynamic problems (i.e. short-circuiting) nor can they predict the effects of measures like baffles or repositioning inlets or outlets to improve performance. This is because the microscale interactions between the fluid and solids, and the biological reactions are ignored. This paper presents a tool -- computational f

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