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Zikos, Vasileios. "R&D, collaboration networks, mixed markets and labour unions." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2009. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34033.
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This thesis is concerned with the role of state-owned companies and labour unions in influencing research and development (R&D) activity in two related contexts: when firms act as independent competitors, and when firms collaborate in their investments by forming a research network, but still remain competitors in the product market. The first chapter investigates the use of R&D subsidies, both in a mixed and a private market. We show that the socially optimal R&D subsidy is positive and increasing in the degree of technological spillovers both in a private and in a mixed duopoly, although it is lower for the former than for the latter. A comparative statics analysis of welfare levels reveals that privatisation is likely to be welfare reducing, at least for a relatively small number of private firms.
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Lindsjørn, Mads Vilhelm. "A Method for bidding in sequential Capacity Reserve Markets using mixed-integer programming." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elkraftteknikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18344.
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System security and power quality is important in today's society and the ability to regulate and balance production and consumption is crucial for any power system. More and more penetration of intermittent production in power systems increases the need for regulation capability and the importance of capacity reserve markets where capacity used for regulation is procured and secured increases too. Several types of regulation mechanisms are used in a power system, which creates the possibility of several different capacity reserve markets with significant prices. A producer participating in these markets must decide how his limited production capacity should be used taking these markets and other physical power markets into account. A method for finding true costs for capacity reserve supply and for bidding in sequential capacity reserve markets is presented in this report. The method is based on a mixed-integer programming model and work has been done to create and formulate a suitable model. The modeling is implemented with the programming language AMPL and is an optimization model that maximizes total profit on several markets subject to market prices and market obligations for a set of production units. The model is then used to highlight some of the fundamental mechanisms and charactheristics in the markets and to illustrate the bidding method for a price-taking producer in perfect markets.Price uncertainty in future markets has a large impact on the results from the method and a model version where price uncertainty is included for the spot market is compared to a version where price uncertainty is not included. The reason for this comparison is that hourly spot price forecasts used for short-term production planning in Norway today doesn't consider price uncertainty. The versions are compared for bidding in one capacity reserve market for a number of market clearings where prices for the spot market in the model are taken from real spot price forecasts and real spot price outcomes. It shows that inclusion of price uncertainty gives better bids, but also that adjusting bids to account for price uncertainty can give good results from a model that doesn't explicity include this uncertainty. The method can in any case calculate valid bids for capacity reserve market solutions that exist today where costs and opportunity costs from all relevant markets can be accounted for. The limitations of the method is mostly connected to what it is possible to describe with mixed-integer programming and the computational efforts and calculation times mixed-integer programming models require.
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El, Khatib Sameh. "An iterative approach to negotiating bilateral contracts in mixed pool/bilateral electricity markets /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82482.
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In mixed pool/bilateral electricity markets, participants can sign bilateral contracts several weeks or months in advance of the pool market-clearing. Any uncommitted generator capacity may be sold to the pool and any remaining un-serviced demand is met through the pool, both at the pool spot price.In this thesis, in contrast to financial rights, we consider only physical bilateral contracts, where the generator and load are obliged to produce and consume power levels at least equal to the stipulated bilateral amount.
Bilateral contracts have the advantage that they satisfy at least part of the needs of both buyers and sellers at a predictable price instead of relying solely on the uncertain real-time spot price at the pool market-clearing time. However the risk of signing a bilateral contract is that it commits the partners to a price that may be disadvantageous compared to the pool spot price. Thus, if the spot price turns out to be lower than the bilateral price, then the seller comes out ahead while the buyer loses compared to the alternative of having traded solely in the real-time market. Conversely, if the spot price turns out to be higher than the bilateral price, then the seller loses out while the buyer benefits compared to having traded solely in the real-time market.
Here we propose a systematic bilateral negotiating approach between a generator and load in mixed pool/bilateral markets. Under this approach the generator and load respond rationally to a stream of bilateral bids/counter-bids and offers/counter-offers considering their respective expected benefits while accounting for the risks incurred by the uncertainty of pool spot price prediction. This negotiating approach is tested numerically and shown to be a valuable and practical tool in arriving at a mutually beneficial and risk-tolerable bilateral contract.
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Weiss, Christoph, and Dieter Pennerstorfer. "On the Relative Disadvantage of Cooperatives: Vertical Product Differentiation in a Mixed Oligopoly." Hebrew Univ. Magnes Press, 2012. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5585/1/Pennerstorfer_Weiss_2012_JRC_On_the_Relative_Disadvantage_of_Cooperatives_Accepted_Manuscript.pdf.
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We investigate the incentive to provide goods of high quality in a vertically related market for different types of business organizations, a farmer-owned cooperative and an investor-owned firm. Contrary to the firm, the cooperative is characterized by decentralized decision making, which gives rise to overproduction and problems coordinating the quality decisions of its members (free riding). Comparing both manufacturers acting as monopolists we show that the cooperative will never supply final goods of higher quality than the firm, and that the problem of quality coordination is mitigated if the cooperative succeeds in preventing overproduction. When a cooperative faces competition of an investor-owned firm (mixed duopoly), it will - except in one limit case - never produce final goods of a higher quality than the firm and will deliver lower quality in a number of scenarios.
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Aketi, Venkata Sesha Praneeth. "Prices in Wholesale Electricity Markets and Demand Response." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1388765872.
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Běláčková, Vendula. "Reducing risks of transactions on marijuana markets - institution of friendship." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-165924.
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BACKGROUND: Economists depict illicit markets as violent, due to the lack of centralized property rights enforcement. At the same time, the importance of friendship networks and drug sharing is a recently documented feature of the marijuana market. Recent studies show an increased role of acquiring marijuana through friends, especially in settings where drug policy is rather punitive. This thesis extends this research into the norms that marijuana users attribute to their definition friendship. To do this, the thesis conceptualizes friendship as a type of institution that reduces the transaction costs on the market, and like that, it limits the decision making of marijuana market players. DATA: Marijuana market patterns in the Czech Republic and North-Central Florida were analyzed via both qualitative and quantitative research methods. For the purpose of the qualitative study, 44 (resp 66) study participants were marijuana users and retailers recruited at North-Central Florida (resp in the Czech Republic), with the use of respondent-driven sampling. Inclusion criteria into the study was the use of marijuana in the last 12 months. Semi-structured interviews, that took 80 minutes on average, followed an interview guide focused on marijuana use, sharing, purchases, sales and growing, with extensive probes on activities of respondents` "friends", as they defined them. As for the quantitative data, marijuana market modules from two representative general population surveys on substance use were used (CS 2008, NSDUH). METHODS: Qualitative data were analysed with the use of inductive analysis, and were framed into institutional economics theory. Quantitative data were analyzed with the use ordinary logit models. FINDINGS: The study has shown remarkable impact of drug policies on cannabis markets via comparison between the Czech Republic and the U. S. (North-Central Florida). The study findings suggest that users' definitions of friendship include expectations for behavior that sustain the distribution chain within the marijuana markets. Respondents provided definitions of friendship that contained norms on marijuana sharing and reciprocation, purchases for friends, and introduction to the dealer - for whom the term "friend" has been used as a synonym in most cases. In quantitative analysis, acquistion through a friend made significant reduction of price at last purchase in the U. S., approaving the hypothesis that friendship can be an effective institution to reduce transaction costs on the market. In the Czech Republic, such analysis was inconclusive. This demonstrates that the importance of friendship might be higher in countries where drug prohibition is more severe. CONCLUSIONS: Punitive drug policy provides incentives to shrinking the market into social networks, and like that, it imposes harms on users in terms of decreasing control over their substance use can criminal risks (larger amounts purchased, and the risk of detection to regular citizens, who serve as middlemen on the market without an intention to make profit). For more precise estimates, further surveys shall distinguish between different modalities of friendship, and between different product types.
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De, Boeck Jérôme. "From vertical to horizontal structures :New optimization challenges in electricity markets." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/318361/3/main.pdf.
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La chaine d’approvisionnement énergétique a fortement évolué aux cours des 20 dernières années. La libéralisation des marchés de l’électricité et les nouvelles technologies ont fortement influencé la manière d’envisager la production et la transmission d’électricité. Les modèles mathématiques classiques utilisés dans les problèmes lié à l’énergie ont besoin d’être revus pour intégrer les contraintes pratiques modernes.Un problème classique pour un Compagnie Génératrice (CG) est le problème de Unit Commitment (UC) qui consiste à établir un plan de production pour une demande en électricité connue. Lorsque ce problème fut considéré, le prix de l’électricité et la demande étaient relativement simple à estimer comme une seule CG nationale avait le monopole du marché. Ce problème a été étudié de manière extensive en utilisant de la Programmation Mathématique (PM). Aujourd’hui, le prix de l’électricité est relativement volatile à cause de l’introduction de marchés dérégulés et la demande du marché est répartie entre plusieurs CGs en compétition sur divers marchés. Une CG ne peut se limiter à considérer un problème de UC seul pour envisager sa production. Il y a un besoin d’intégrer les incertitudes liées au marché de l’électricité et aux quantités à produire aux modèles utilisés pour qu’une CG puisse établir un plan de production rentable.La technologie a aussi permis d’envisager de nouveaux concept tel que les Micro-Grilles (MGs). Une MG est composée d’un ensemble de consommateurs reliés à travers un réseau de transmission, possédant des générateurs d’électricité et optimisant leur consommation interne. Ce concept est possible grâce à l’utilisation croissante d’énergies renouvelables locales ainsi que l’utilisant croissante d’appareils interconnectés. Cependant, étant donné que les énergies renouvelables ont un faible rendement, sont intermittentes et que les appareils de stockage d’énergie sont encore peu efficaces, les MGs ne peuvent pas envisager d’être pleinement autonome en électricité. Il y a donc une nécessité d’avoir un fournisseur d’électricité externe pour avoir suffisamment d’électricité disponible à tout moment. Une CG jouant le rôle de fournisseur auprès d’une MG fait face énormément d’incertitude concernant la demande à cause de la gestion interne de la MG sur laquelle elle n’a pas de contrôle.Dans cette thèse, des problèmes d’optimisation intégrant de nouvelles contraintes modernes liés à l’approvisionnement énergétique sont étudiés via la PM. Plusieurs problèmes considèrant des interactions entre plusieurs acteurs sont modélisés via des formulations bi-niveau. Nous illustrons comment les difficultés liées aux contraintes modernes peuvent être exploitées pour obtenir des propriétés permettant de reformuler les problèmes étudiés en formulation linéaire en nombre entiers. Des heuristiques performantes sont obtenus à partir des formulations exactes dont certaines sont applicables à des problèmes plus généraux. Une analyse extensive de la performance des méthodes de résolution ainsi que de l’influence des contraintes modernes sont présentées dans diverses expériences numériques.Doctorat en Sciences
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Celebi, Emre. "MODELS OF EFFICIENT CONSUMER PRICING SCHEMES IN ELECTRICITY MARKETS." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/811.
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Suppliers in competitive electricity markets regularly respond to prices that change hour by hour or even more frequently, but most consumers respond to price changes on a very different time scale, i. e. they observe and respond to changes in price as reflected on their monthly bills. This thesis examines mixed complementarity programming models of equilibrium that can bridge the speed of response gap between suppliers and consumers, yet adhere to the principle of marginal cost pricing of electricity. It develops a computable equilibrium model to estimate the time-of-use (TOU) prices that can be used in retail electricity markets. An optimization model for the supply side of the electricity market, combined with a price-responsive geometric distributed lagged demand function, computes the TOU prices that satisfy the equilibrium conditions. Monthly load duration curves are approximated and discretized in the context of the supplier's optimization model. The models are formulated and solved by the mixed complementarity problem approach. It is intended that the models will be useful (a) in the regular exercise of setting consumer prices (i. e. , TOU prices that reflect the marginal cost of electricity) by a regulatory body (e. g. , Ontario Energy Board) for jurisdictions (e. g. , Ontario) where consumers' prices are regulated, but suppliers offer into a competitive market, (b) for forecasting in markets without price regulation, but where consumers pay a weighted average of wholesale price, (c) in evaluation of the policies regarding time-of-use pricing compared to the single pricing, and (d) in assessment of the welfare changes due to the implementation of TOU prices.
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Tribl, Christoph [Verfasser], Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Salhofer, and Alfons [Akademischer Betreuer] Balmann. "Spatial competition of food processors in pure and mixed markets under uniform delivered pricing / Christoph Tribl. Gutachter: Alfons Balmann. Betreuer: Klaus Salhofer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1030099952/34.
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Tiberg, Fredrik. "VANLIGA MÄNNISKOR, MISSBRUKARE, FÖRBRYTARE OCH REKREATIONSANVÄNDARE EN MIXED-METHODS STUDIE AV PERSONER SOM DÖMTS FÖR NARKOTIKAKÖP PÅ INTERNET." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25532.
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Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka vad som karaktäriserar personer som döms för narkotikabrott på internet och hur rättssystemet beskriver de dömdas sociala situation och motiv. Uppsatsen använder en mixed-methods metodologi med både kvantitativ och kvalitativ analys. Det empiriska materialet utgörs av dokument i form av domar och förundersökningsprotokoll. Den kvantitativa analysen har bland annat undersökt 222 dömda personers demografi, tidigare brottslighet och vilka påföljder de dömts till. Den kvalitativa analysen har undersökt hur de dömdas sociala situation och motiv beskrivits av rättsväsendet. Pierre Bourdieus teori om olika kapitalformer utgör uppsatsens teoretiska utgångspunkt. Narkotikamarknader kan betraktas som olika fält som i olika utsträckning kräver symboliskt kapital. Utmärkande för narkotikamarknaden på internet är att de inte kräver symboliskt kapital. Resultatet för både den kvantitativa och kvalitativa analysen visar att de dömda köparna är en heterogen grupp utifrån rättsväsendet beskrivningar. De dömda har en stor spridning gällande bland annat ålder, geografi och valet av substanser. En del av de dömda beskrivs som vanliga människor med ordnade sociala förhållanden. Andra dömda beskrivs ha stora problem gällande psykisk ohälsa, missbruk och kriminalitet. Beskrivningarna av motiven till att köpa narkotika på internet är att få tillgång till substanser av viss kvalité, kvantitet, pris eller typ. Men också att få annan typ av relation mellan köpare och säljare av narkotika som inte baseras på personliga kontakter.The purpose of the thesis is to investigate the characteristics of persons who are sentenced for purchasing illicit drugs on the internet, and how the legal system describes the social situation and motives of the convicted persons. The thesis uses a mixed-method methodology with both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The empirical material consists of documents in the form of judgments and preliminary investigation protocols. The quantitative analysis has examined the demography, previous criminal records and the sanctions of 222 convicted persons. The qualitative analysis has examined how the social situation and motives of the convicted persons are described by the judicial system. Pierre Bourdieu's theory of capital forms constitutes the theoretical starting point of the essay. Drug markets can be regarded as fields which, to varying degrees, require symbolic capital. The characteristic of the drug markets on the internet is that they do not require symbolic capital. The result of both the quantitative and qualitative analysis is that the convicted buyers are described as a heterogeneous group in the documents of the legal system. The convicted are a diverse group regarding age, geography and choice substances. Some of the convicted are described as ordinary people with organized social conditions. Others convicted are described as having major problems with mental illness, drug abuse and crime. The descriptions of the motives for purchasing drugs on the internet are to access substances of a certain quality, quantity, price or type. But also, to access a different kind of relationship between the buyer and the seller of drugs.
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Gundersen, Lars Harald, and Carl Magnus Skutle. "A Mixed Complementarity Model of European Energy Markets : Using equilibrium modeling to analyze the optimal price and trade volumes of energy commodities in Europe." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15073.
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Energy markets are complex networks of producers, exporters, traders and consumerscharacterized by different market structures in each sector. The infrastructuralnetwork connecting the markets plays an important role in determining thevolume of the trade flows and the location of the final consumption.The market players’ behavior in an energy market can be described using a gametheoretic approach where each player’s decision depends on the other market playersdecisions. Over the last decades these ideas have evolved and there have beenproduced some material where markets for a single commodity are modeled, usingideas from game theory to describe the players’ influence on each other’s decisions.However, little work has been done analyzing multi-commodity markets with thesame set of tools. Based on existing literature that is written on single-commoditymodeling, we have applied equilibrium programming with complementarity structureto describe the markets for electricity and natural gas in Northern Europethrough a strategic market model. The complexity level is potentially high, so wedecided to limit ourselves to a deterministic and myopic model without investmentpossibilities.The problem is formulated through a strategic MCP model where each marketparticipant solves an optimization problem connected through the market clearingconditions. Besides showing that the model is an MCP we implemented the modelin GAMS and solved it for the gas and electricity market in Northern Europe.Our results indicates that a Cournot model gives an adequate description of theelectricity and gas market in Northern Europe, and that considerable changes inproduction, consumption, traded volumes and prices in one market can lead toprice, quantity and welfare effects in markets far away from the initial cause. Wecan also register close links between the markets for electricity and natural gas,suggesting that agents’ behavior in one commodity market might affect the othercommodity market and vice versa.
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Pahle, Michael [Verfasser], and Ottmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Edenhofer. "Investments in Liberalized Electricity Markets and the Low-Carbon Energy Transition: A Mixed-method Analysis of the German Case / Michael Pahle. Betreuer: Ottmar Edenhofer." Berlin : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1014946131/34.
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Kuns, Brian. "Peasants and Stock Markets : Pathways from Collective Farming in the Post-Soviet Grain-Belt." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-146509.
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What happened in the post-Soviet, European grain-belt after collective farms were dissolved and in what way can we say that collective farm legacies influence agrarian developments in this region today? These are the main questions of this thesis, which is a work of critical human geography, but is also inspired by theories, methods and approaches from the social sciences, broadly defined. Territorially, the focus is Ukraine, but several articles in this thesis take a wider geographic perspective beyond Ukraine, in particular taking into account the role of Nordic investors in the agrarian sector in Ukraine and Russia. The main aim of this thesis is to examine how farms of different sizes – from small peasant farms to super large corporate farms – develop and change in post-communist circumstances. Another purpose is to reinterpret Soviet agrarian history, in light of what happened after the collapse of communism, in order to incorporate the Soviet experience in a global historical narrative, and to better understand the legacy of collective farming today. These issues are explored in four papers and a comprehensive summary. The first article examines small-scale, household “peasant” agriculture in southern Ukraine and shows the conditions and factors, which have contributed to an impressive intensification of farming in certain villages. The second article investigates large-scale, Nordic investments in Ukrainian and Russian agriculture, with the aim of explaining why many (but not all) such investments have not succeeded to the degree that investors hoped. The third paper focuses on the legacy and afterlife of Soviet-era investments in large-scale irrigation in southern Ukraine, and uses the post-Soviet reincarnation of irrigation in this region to problematize traditional narratives on Soviet environmental management in a global context. The fourth paper, with a wider historical lens, explains the link between collective farms and today’s agroholding agriculture in much of the region, while also discussing the sustainability crisis in agriculture both in a Soviet and post-Soviet context, concluding with a description of a possible and ironic (but by no means inevitable) scenario whereby post-Soviet agriculture saves global capitalism. Theoretically, this thesis is informed by agrarian political economy; related, contemporary debates on the financialization of agriculture; and critical human geography discussions on uneven development and the geographies of difference. This thesis also is inspired by Actor Network Theory, and the view that reality is constituted by hybrid subject-objects, which are instantiated through the agency of an assemblage or network of different actors, material things, discourses, institutions, etc... While such Actor Network approaches are certainly not new, their application to Soviet and post-Soviet change is relatively new. The source material, which is the basis for the empirical approach of this thesis, is eclectic, and produced via mixed methods from different locations. Analysis is based on interviews (75 interviews in southern Ukraine, in Kyiv, and in Stockholm, plus 28 visits to household farms in one study village in southern Ukraine); participant observation (carried out in the study village in southern Ukraine and in corporate shareholder meetings mostly in Stockholm); various texts, such as corporate documents and newspaper commentary; agricultural statistics; and satellite data. Among other conclusions, this thesis argues that, given certain factors, small-scale, household agriculture can be viable, at the same time that the concentration and consolidation of agriculture into large-scale holdings is likely to continue, at least in the short term. This thesis also highlights similarities between Soviet and capitalist agriculture in a global historical context, which is one reason that the transformation from Soviet to capitalist agriculture could occur so fast in some areas.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.
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Sahin, Cem. "Optimization Of Electricity Markets In The Price Based And Security Constrained Unit Commitment Problems Frameworks." Phd thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612242/index.pdf.
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Operation of the electricity markets is subject to a number of strict and specific constraints such as continuous load-generation balance, security of supply, and generation technology related limitations. Contributions have been made to two important problems of the Electricity Markets, in the context of this study.
In this study, Price Based Unit Commitment problem in the literature, which is a tool for the GENCO for operations planning, is extended considering the interdependencies between the Natural Gas (NG) and Electricity infrastructures and the uncertainty of Wind Power generation. The effect of the NG infrastructure physical limitations is considered via linearized NG transmission system equations, and the Wind energy sources and conventional generation resource uncertainties are simulated by Monte-Carlo simulations. The contribution of the forward energy Bilateral Contracts (BC), as a financial risk hedging tool is also included by modeling these in the proposed PBUC framework. In the case studies , it is observed that a GENCO could prevent its financial losses due to NG interruptions, by depositing only a portion of the midterm interrupted NG in the storage facilities.
The Security Constrained Unit Commitment (SCUC) Problem is widely accepted tool in the industry which models the market clearing process. This study integrates two novelties to the SCUC problem&bull
A discrete demand response model to consider active participation of the consumers, &bull
A hybrid deterministic/stochastic contingency model to represent the N-1 contingencies together with the uncertainties related with the wind power generation and system load. It is observed that the curtailment of available wind power capacity would enable the TSO to take corrective actions against occurrence of the contingencies and realization of the uncertainties in the most possible economical manner.
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Kamasak, Rifat. "The contribution of tangible and intangible resources, and capabilities to a firm's profitability and market performance : empirical evidence from Turkey." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15456.
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This study aims to investigate the relative contribution of tangible and intangible resources, and capabilities on firm performance based on the measures of market share, sales turnover and profitability and explore the complex interaction and foundation of different resource sets and capabilities in the process of performance creation within the context of resource-based theory. In order to address these objectives, a mixed-methods research approach incorporating both qualitative and quantitative components was utilised. Hence, a sequential explanatory design is employed, commencing with qualitative methods including in-depth interviews along with the literature review to define and organise resources and capabilities in a coherent system that will form the basis of survey instrument, leading to quantitative methods which empirically test a series of hypotheses regarding the contribution of resources and capabilities on firm performance. Whilst qualitative data analysis indicated organisational culture, reputational assets, human capital, business processes and networking capabilities as the most important determinants of firm performance, the survey that was conducted on a total of 243 questionnaires obtained from 951 firms revealed that intangible resources and capabilities contributed more greatly to firm performance compared to tangible resources. However, in contrast to the proposition of resource-based theory that views capabilities as the most important skills that underpin the development and deployment of both tangible and intangible resources, capabilities offered rather limited additional explanatory power to the prediction of firm performance only with respect to profitability against the combined effects of tangible and intangible resources. All findings were explained especially within the context of Turkish business environment that shows typical emerging market characteristics. Moreover, some noteworthy results were elaborated based on the developed and emerging market differences. Overall, the study raises some questions with respect to resource contributions on firm performance and offers a fruitful avenue for further research.
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Šumbera, Jiří. "Application of optimisation methods to electricity production problems." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-196939.
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This thesis deals with application of optimisation methods based on linear and mixed-integer linear programming to various problems in the power sector related to electricity production. The thesis goal is to test the applicability of such methods to formulating and solving various instances from the class of real-world electricity production problems, and to find the advantages and disadvantages associated with using these methods. Introductory chapters describe the main characteristics of power markets, including the historical and regulatory context. Fundamental properties of power markets on both demand and supply side are also described, both from a real-world and a modelling point of view. Benefits of optimisation and modelling are discussed, in particular the solution feasibility and optimality as well as insights gained from sensitivity analysis which is often difficult to replicate with the original system. In the core of the thesis, optimisation techniques are applied to three case studies, each of which deals with a specific problem arising during electricity production. In the first problem, the profit of gas-fired power plant in Slovakia from selling power on the day-ahead market is maximised. The model is set up using both technical and commercial constraints. The second problem deals with the problem of representing a two-dimensional production function which primarily arises for a hydro generator with large variations in the level of its reservoir. Several representations of the original function using piecewise linear subsets are presented, compared, and characterised by their computational intensity both theoretically and practically. In the third problem, the prices on the German day-ahead market in 2011 are modelled. Contrary to the previous two models, the model does not capture an optimisation problem faced by a single producer, but incorporates a large subset of the whole market instead. Consequently the model is formed out of generic constraints relevant to all power plants whose parameters are estimated. By combining information about the aggregate availability of power plants with the estimated efficiencies a full supply curve for each day is created. Different scenarios are analysed to test the impact of uncertain inputs such as unknown or estimated constraints. The choice of the investigated problems stems from the attempt to cover electricity production problems from the point of view of multiple criteria. The three investigated electricity production problems span a broad range from the decisions of a single power plant to the modelling a power market as a whole. Formulations of the production function with different level of detail are presented ranging from a simple linear relationship to several bivariate function formulations. While each problem answers a specific question, they all illustrate the ease with which various electricity production problems can solved using optimisation methods based on linear and mixed-integer linear programming. This is mainly due to the ability of these methods to approximate even non-linear functions and constraints over non-convex domains and find global solutions in reasonable time. Moreover, models formulated with these methods allow sensitivity and scenario analyses to be carried out easily as is illustrated in each of the case studies.
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Wachsberger, Petr. "Polyfunkční dům Letovice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-410114.
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The subject of the final thesis is creation of project documentation for construction of a mixed-use building. The main services of this building are housing, offices and small markets. The building is four-storey with a partial basement. The building is founded on strip foundations, load-bearing structures are made of concrete system Velox. The mixed-use building has roofing made like a flat green roof. The building is situated on parcel number 366/1 in city Letovice, cadastre unit Letovice (680711).
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Baker, Christopher. "Mixed Monte Carlo in the foreign exchange market." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25193.
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The stochastic differential equation (SDE) describing the spot FX rate is of central importance to modelling FX derivatives. A Monte Carlo estimate of the discounted individual payoffs of FX derivatives is taken to arrive at the price, provided there does not exist a closed form solution for the price. One propagates the FX spot rate through time under risk-neutral dynamics to realise the before-mentioned payoffs. A drawback to Monte Carlo becomes evident when the model dynamics become more complicated, such as when more dimensions are added to the dynamics of the model. These additional dimensions can be stochastic volatility and/or stochastic domestic and foreign short rates. This dissertation describes the calibration of such a model using mixed Monte Carlo, as described in Cozma and Reisinger (2015), to both model-generated and market data. Profit and loss analysis of hedging FX derivatives using the mixed Monte Carlo method is conducted when hedging against both model-generated and market data .
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Hsu, Carolyn L. "Creating market socialism : narratives and emerging economic institutions in the People's Republic of China /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9984807.
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Barron, Patrick. "Barriers to the consolidation of peace : the political economy of post-conflict violence in Indonesia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a1dd34e0-475f-4279-b512-21faf35c55fb.
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What causes post-conflict violence to occur in some places emerging from extended violent conflict and not in others? Why does episodic post-conflict violence take different forms? And what causes episodic violence to escalate into larger renewed extended violence? This thesis contributes towards answers to these questions by examining the experience of Indonesia. Six provinces saw civil war or large-scale inter-communal unrest around the turn of the century. In each, war ended. Yet levels and forms of post-conflict violence vary significantly between areas. The Indonesian cases are used to build a theory of the sources of spatial and temporal variance in post-conflict violence. Multiple methods are employed. A new dataset, containing over 158,000 coded incidents, maps patterns of extended and post-conflict violence. Six districts in three provinces are then studied in depth. Comparative analysis of districts and provinces—drawing on over 300 field interviews—identifies the determinants of variations in post-conflict violence levels and forms. Adopting a political economy approach, the thesis develops a novel actor-based theory of post-conflict violence. Violence is not the result of failed elite bargains, dysfunctional inter-group relations, enduring grievances, or weak states. Instead, it flows from the incentives that three sets of actors—local elites, local violence specialists, and national elites—have to use violence for accumulation. Violence is used when it is beneficial, non-costly, and when other opportunities for getting ahead do not exist. How post-conflict resources are deployed, the degree to which those who use violence face sanctions, and the availability of peaceful means to achieve goals shape incentives and hence patterns of violence. Where only violence specialists support violence, post-conflict violence will take small-scale forms. Where local elites also support violence, escalation to frequent large episodic violence occurs. Extended violence only occurs where national elites also have reason to use violence for purposes of accumulation.
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Han, Lihua, and Hikaru Ogawa. "Partial Privatization and Market-Opening Policies: A Mixed Oligopoly Approach." 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科附属国際経済政策研究センター, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11911.
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MINAGAWA, Tadashi, and Shin KAWAI. "CYCLICAL PRICE MOVEMENTS IN AN ATOMISTIC MARKET." 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科附属国際経済政策研究センター, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11960.
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Al, Halabi Rami. "Application of game theory in Swedish raw material market : Investigating the pulpwood market." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för informationssystem och –teknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-39160.
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Studien går ut på att analysera marknadsstrukturen för två industriföretag(Holmen och SCA) under antagandet att båda konkurrerar mot varandragenom att köpa rå material samt genom att sälja förädlade produkter.Produktmarknaden som undersöks är pappersmarknaden och antas varakoncentrerad. Rå materialmknaden som undersöks ärmassavedmarknaden och antas karaktäriseras som en duopsony. Detvisade sig att Holmen och SCA köper massaved från en stor mängdskogsägare. Varje företag skapar varje månad en prislista där de bestämmerbud priset föassaved. Priset varierar beroende på region. Både SCA ochHolmen väljer mellan två strategiska beslut, antigen att buda högt pris ellerlågt pris. Genom spelteori så visade det sig att båda industriföretagenanvänder mixade strategier då de i vissa tillfällen budar högt och i andratillfällen budar lågt. Nash jämviktslägen för mixade strategier räknades utmatematiskt och analyserades genom dynamisk spelteori.Marknadskoncentrationen för pappersmarknaden undersöktes viaHerfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI). Porters femkraftsmodell användes föratt analysera industri konkurrensen. Resultatet visade attproduktmarknaden är koncentrerad då HHI testerna gav höga indexvärdenmellan 3100 och 1700. Det existerade dessutom ett Nash jämviktsläge fö mixade strategier som gav SCA förväntad lönsamhet 1651 miljoner kronoroch Holmen 1295 miljoner kronor. Dynamisk spelteori visade att SCA ochHolmens budgivning följer ett mönster och att högt/lågt bud beror påavvikelser från Nash jämviktslägets sannolikhetsdistribution. Nashjämviktslägets råder ifall sannolikhetsdistributionerna vid låg budgivningär 68,6 procent för SCA och 66,7 procent för Holmen. Detta gav indikatore för icke samarbetsvilliga spel. Slutsatsen är att om två spelare (kvarnar) nårThe research aims to analyze the market structure of two companies in th forest industry (Holmen and SCA) with the assumption that thes companies compete at buying raw materials and selling products. Theproduct market in this study is the paper market under the assumption thatboth companies operate in a concentrated product market. The rawmatial market that one investigates in this study is the pulpwood marketunder the assumption that it is a duopsony. What this study has concludedis that Holmen and SCA buy pulpwood from lots of different self-managingforest owners. Each company creates a monthly pricelist where they decidethe bid price of pulpwood. The amount varies depending on the region. Bot SCA and Holmen chooses between two strategic decisions, either to bid highor to bid low. Through game theory, it has been clear that each company usesmixed strategies as they sometimes give high bids and sometimes give lowbids. The Nash equilibrium for mixed strategies have been calculatedmathematically and analyzed through the dynamics of game theory. As fore market concentration, the product market has been investigatedthrough the Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI). Porter's five-force modelwas used to analyze the industry competition. The results showed that theproduct market is concentrated as the HHI tests gave High index scoresbetween 3100 and 1700. In addition, there existed a Nash equilibrium in amixed strategy that gave SCA expected payoff 1651 million SEK and Holmen1295 million SEK. The dynamic game theory showed that SCA and Holmen'sbidding follows a repeating trajectory and that the high/low bidding is dueto deviations from Nash equilibrium probability distribution. The Nashequilibrium situation prevails if the probability distribution at low biddingis 68.6 percent for SCA and 66,7 percent for Holmen. This providedindicators for a non-cooperative game. The conclusion is that if two players
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Ming, Bruce Wong Yuet. "Market orientation in Hong Kong aided primary schools : a mixed methods study." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/fdb52a80-a0d4-4bbe-a8a0-f85bf259eb49.
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Hrakhouskaya, Maryia, and Veronica Königsson. "Consumer perception and decoding of language-mixed advertisements in the Swedish consumer market." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-4728.
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The present study focuses on the phenomenon of using foreign language, or a language mix in advertising messages on the Swedish consumer market. The purpose established for the research was to see if the use of English language or an English-Swedish language mix of advertisement message in the Swedish consumer market has an effect on how consumers perceive, and interpret the advertising messages. Twelve different advertisements were chosen, the featured products were of various kinds, most targeting both females and males; such as training/walking shoes and hair products. Contrary to this some advertisements were chosen specifically for female/male consumers, for example women’s/men’s perfume. Furthermore, most of the advertisements were chosen because they could be viewed as appealing for consumers no matter the consumers’ age.
The employed research methodology was qualitative. The empirical data was obtained through in-depth, face to face interviews with 27 respondents. The collected data was then analyzed based on the established theoretical framework; the objective was to see if similarities or differences could be found between the two consumer groups of native Swedish consumers and immigrant consumers. The analytical methods used for this were pattern matching as well as analytic induction.
The results of the study revealed that age, gender, knowledge of English and cultural background appeared to interact with the consumer’s response towards the advertisement’s language. Younger Swedish respondents and immigrant respondents that have English as their dominant language perceived the use of English language in Swedish advertisements as a positive phenomena and consider it as a more powerful, persuasive and convincing marketing tool, due to their higher level of English knowledge. Older Swedish respondents on the other hand, had more negative perception and emotions towards the English language in Swedish advertisements and preferred to see more Swedish language in marketing messages.
While the sample choices and chosen qualitative methodology limit the generalizability and explanatory power of results, this study should be of use for marketers in Sweden; especially while the construction of communication messages is delivered using language mixing.
Finally, the results of this study may be helpful to researchers continuing in this line of inquiry; in particular, the results should be tested and later replicated to establish their validity and generalizability. The results of the study can be implemented in the marketing industry in Sweden and taken into consideration in terms of the construction of messages in the advertisements in the Swedish market.
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Herath, Shanaka, and Gunther Maier. "Informational efficiency of the real estate market: A meta-analysis." Hanyang Economic Research Institute, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17256/jer.2015.20.2.001.
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The growing empirical literature testing informational efficiency of real estate markets uses data from various contexts and at different levels of aggregation. The results of these studies are mixed. We use a distinctive meta-analysis to examine whether some of these study characteristics and contexts lead to a significantly higher chance for identification of an efficient real estate market. The results generated through meta-regression suggest that use of stock market data and individual level data, rather than aggregate data, significantly improves the probability of a study concluding efficiency. Additionally, the findings neither provide support for the suspicion that the view of market efficiency has significantly changed over the years nor do they indicate a publication bias resulting from such a view. The statistical insignificance of other study characteristics suggests that the outcome concerning efficiency is a context-specific random manifestation for the most part. (authors' abstract)
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Hassan, Mohamed Elhafiz. "Power Plant Operation Optimization : Unit Commitment of Combined Cycle Power Plants Using Machine Learning and MILP." Thesis, mohamed-ahmed@siemens.com, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-395304.
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In modern days electric power systems, the penetration of renewable resources and the introduction of free market principles have led to new challenges facing the power producers and regulators. Renewable production is intermittent which leads to fluctuations in the grid and requires more control for regulators, and the free market principle raises the challenge for power plant producers to operate their plants in the most profitable way given the fluctuating prices. Those problems are addressed in the literature as the Economic Dispatch, and they have been discussed from both regulator and producer view points. Combined Cycle Power plants have the privileges of being dispatchable very fast and with low cost which put them as a primary solution to power disturbance in grid, this fast dispatch-ability also allows them to exploit price changes very efficiently to maximize their profit, and this sheds the light on the importance of prices forecasting as an input for the profit optimization of power plants. In this project, an integrated solution is introduced to optimize the dispatch of combined cycle power plants that are bidding for electricity markets, the solution is composed of two models, the forecasting model and the optimization model. The forecasting model is flexible enough to forecast electricity and fuel prices for different markets and with different forecasting horizons. Machine learning algorithms were used to build and validate the model, and data from different countries were used to test the model. The optimization model incorporates the forecasting model outputs as inputs parameters, and uses other parameters and constraints from the operating conditions of the power plant as well as the market in which the plant is selling. The power plant in this mode is assumed to satisfy different demands, each of these demands have corresponding electricity price and cost of energy not served. The model decides which units to be dispatched at each time stamp to give out the maximum profit given all these constraints, it also decides whether to satisfy all the demands or not producing part of each of them.
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Damci, Kurt Pelin. "Mixed-Integer Programming Methods for Transportation and Power Generation Problems." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1399019482.
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Mbu, Desiree Lem. "Expression of circulating Microrna’s (Mirnas) in blood of mixed ancestry subjects with glucose intolerance." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2816.
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Thesis (MSc (Biomedical Sciences))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.Background: Early detection of individuals who are at risk of developing Glucose Intolerance would decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. MicroRNA is one of the most widely studied biomolecules involved in epigenetic mechanisms, hence it offers unique opportunities in this regard. Circulating microRNAs are associated with disease pathogenesis during the asymptomatic stage of disease. This has therefore attracted a lot of attention as a potential biomarker for identifying individuals who have an increased risk of developing Glucose Intolerance. The identification of high risk biomarkers for Glucose Intolerance will go a long way to eliminate the possible complications that arise due to late diagnosis and treatment of Glucose Intolerance. This could ultimately lead to better ways to prevent, manage and control the Glucose Intolerance epidemic that is rampant worldwide. The aim of the study is to investigate expression of circulating microRNA’s in blood of mixed ancestry subjects with glucose intolerance. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study design involving 36 individuals [who were age, gender and BMI (Body Mass Index) matched] from a total population of 1989 participants of mixed ancestry descent, residing in Bellville South, South Africa was used. Participants were classified as controls (normoglycemic), pre-diabetic (preDM) and diabetic (DM) (screen detected diabetic) according to WHO criteria of 1998. MicroRNAs were extracted from serum using the Qiagen miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit (ThermoFisher). The purified micro RNAs were reverse-transcribed to cDNA (complementary deoxyribonucleic acid) using the Qiagen RT2 First Strand Kit. Then, using Qiagen miScript SYBR Green PCR kit and miScript miRNA PCR arrays (ThermoFisher), the real time polymerase chain reaction was done to determine the expression profile the circulating micro RNAs present in the serum of the participants. Results: The 36 participants were evenly divided into 3 groups of 12 participants each as mentioned earlier. There were significant differences between groups in the waist (cm) (p=0.0415) and waist/hip ratio (p=0.0011) with highest values in the DM group and lowest in the normal group. Clinical parameters varied significantly according to glycemic status. As expected, the FBG (mmol/L) (p<0.0001), 2 HRs Post Glucose (mmol/L) (p<0.0001), HbA1c (%) (p=0.0009), Fasting Insulin (mIU/L) (p=0.0039), were all highest in the DM and lowest in the control group. In contrast, the 2 HRs Post Insulin (mIU/L) (p = 0.0027) was highest in the preDM group and lowest in the normal group, while the Glucose/Insulin ratio (p=0.0477) was highest in the normal group and lowest in the preDM group. Triglycerides (mmol/L) (p=0.0043) and Total Chol (mmol/L) (p=0.0429) were significantly increased through the three groups, with highest values in the DM group and lowest in the normal group. Furthermore, 12 of the 84 miRNAs studied were expressed through all the 3 groups and they exhibited both inverse and positive correlations between the clinical parameters, especially the glucose parameters (Fasting blood glucose, 2 hours post glucose, Fasting blood insulin, 2 hours post insulin and Glycated Hemoglobin).
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Bursell, Moa. "Ethnic Discrimination, Name Change and Labor Market Inequality : Mixed approaches to ethnic exclusion in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-79041.
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This thesis consists of four empirical studies on ethnic integration in the Swedish labor market. Studies I-III draw on a field experiment testing ethnic discrimination in the hiring process. Study I documents the existence of employer discrimination in response to equally merited applications with Arabic/African or Swedish names, and shows that foreign-named applicants have to send twice as many applications to receive a callback compared to Swedish-named applicants. Results also suggest that employers in female-dense occupations practice ethnic and gender compensation while employers in male-dense occupations practice only gender compensation. Study II reveals gendered differences in the intensity of employer stereotypes by testing how much more work experience is needed to eliminate the disadvantage of having an Arabic name on a job application. Results indicate a reverse gender gap, as initial differences in call-backs disappear for female applicants when CVs for Arabic-named applications are enhanced but remain strong and significant for male applicants. Study III evaluates criticism directed at residual analysis and field experiments that claims that they tell us nothing about real world discrimination and its long-term effects. By combining experimental and register data, Study III responds to this criticism by showing that the results of Study I correspond closely with real world labor market inequality of identical ‘twins’ (identified through propensity score matching) to the fictive individuals of Study I. Study IV explores the strategies underlying surname change from a Middle Eastern name to a more Swedish sounding one, drawing on 45 interviews with surname changers with a Middle Eastern background. The results indicate that immigrant name change is a pragmatic assimilation strategy. The study also illustrates how the institutional enabling of name change both creates and enables pragmatic assimilation.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Submitted. Paper 2: Submitted. Paper 3: Manuscript.
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Baxter, Darren. "Assessing risk and security in the housing market : a mixed-methods exploration of involuntary mobility." Thesis, University of York, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20774/.
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In this thesis, a conceptual definition of involuntary mobility is developed and used to estimate the incidence of such mobility between the years 2010 and 2012. This definition is then employed to understand how risk is structured in the housing market and how this impacts on the subjective sense of security derived from the home. The work of authors such as Beck (1992a; 1992b; 1994; 1999; 2010a; 2010b; 2011) and Giddens (1991), which considers risk as an inherent part of social structures, is drawn upon. This informs the adoption of the concept of precarity, which is utilised in order to understand the tenure arrangements in the private rented sector. Three empirical strands are drawn on. These are; the compilation of figures on individual reasons for residential mobility in order to build an incidence estimate for the years 2010–2012; the combination of two datasets, the British Household Panel Survey and Understanding Society, to assess the frequency of multiple involuntary moves; and the assessment through semi-structured interviewing of the impact that the ending by landlords of tenancies has on the subjective security tenants derive from their homes. It is found that involuntary mobility is widespread, and risk is seen to be an inherent part of the life course and embedded in the structures of the housing market. The concept of precarity, as it applies to the housing market, is reflected on. It is argued that precarity emerges at the intersection between legal and structural factors, here the tenancy agreement, the nature of private landlordism, and the structure of the private rented sector as a collection of small-scale landlords. Finally, it is found that the experience of such precariousness has a notable impact on the experience of private renting and the extent to which individuals feel ‘at home’ in the tenure.
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Nikitina-Zake, Liene. "Immunogenetic markers in immune-mediated diseases /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-718-5/.
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Paganini, Paula Pinheiro. "Síntese e caracterização de nanopartículas de óxido misto de estanho/titânio dopadas com lantanídeos para marcação biológica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-15042013-141559/.
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Este trabalho apresenta a síntese, caracterização e estudo fotoluminescente de nanopartículas à base de óxido misto de estanho e titânio dopadas com európio, térbio e neodímio visando à utilização como marcadores luminescentes em sistemas biológicos. As sínteses foram feitas pelos métodos de coprecipitação, sol-gel proteico e Pechini e as partículas foram caracterizadas por espectroscopia de infravermelho, análise termogravimétrica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, difração de raios X e espectroscopia de absorção de raios X. Os estudos das propriedades fotoluminescentes foram realizados para os luminóforos dopados com európio, térbio e neodímio, sintetizados pelo método de coprecipitação. Para o luminóforo dopado com európio foi possível calcular os parâmetros de intensidade e o rendimento quântico e este apresentou resultados satisfatórios. Tratando-se de uma marcação em sistemas biológicos fez-se necessário a funcionalização destas partículas para que as mesmas se liguem à parte biológica a ser estudada. Sendo assim, funcionalizou-se as nanopartículas pelos métodos de microondas e Stöber e caracterizou-se por espectroscopia de infravermelho, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, espectroscopia por dispersão de energia e difração de raios X, obtendo-se resposta qualitativa da eficácia da funcionalização. O método espectroscópico da ninidrina foi utilizado para a quantificação da funcionalização dos luminóforos. Os estudos fotoluminescentes das partículas funcionalizadas demonstram a viabilidade do uso destes luminóforos como marcadores luminescentes.This work presents the synthesis, characterization and photoluminescent study of tin and titanium mixed oxide nanoparticles doped with europium, terbium and neodymium to be used with luminescent markers on biological systems. The syntheses were done by co-precipitation, protein sol-gel and Pechini methods and the nanoparticles were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The photoluminescent properties studies were conducted for luminophores doped with europium, terbium and neodymium synthesized by coprecipitation method. For luminophore doped with europium it was possible to calculate the intensity parameters and quantum yield and it showed satisfactory results. In the case of biological system marking it was necessary the functionalization of these particles to allow them to bind to the biological part to be studied. So the nanoparticles were functionalized by microwave and Stöber methods and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction obtaining qualitative response of functionalization efficacy. The ninhydrin spectroscopic method was used for quantification of luminophores functionalization. The photoluminescent studies of functionalized particles demonstrate the potential applying of these luminophores as luminescent markers.
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Bernhardsgrütter, Martin. "Entwicklungsperspektiven des Marktes für geschlossene Fonds in Deutschland Eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung unter Anwendung des Mixed-Methods Approach /." St. Gallen, 2009. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/05607304101/$FILE/05607304101.pdf.
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Lally, Kristine. "Assessing Relationships between Psychological and Biological Markers in Coronary Heart Disease Patients using Bivariate Linear Mixed Models." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-326015.
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The Secondary Prevention in Uppsala Primary Health Care Project (SUPRIM) is a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on coronary heart disease patients. Various outcomes of psychological and physical health are recorded every six months approximately, over the course of two years after entry to the trial. In this thesis, relationships between the psychological outcome variables, Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Exhaustion, and five physical health biomarkers, are assessed using bivariate linear mixed models. Significant associations are found between one of the biomarkers and both Depression and Exhaustion, and also between one of the other biomarkers and Exhaustion.
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Almeida, Sebastião Carlos Ferreira de. "Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) no Brasil: masculinidades em disputa." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5761.
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The following study consists in a sociological analysis about the production of manhood styles in the universe of Mixed Martial Arts (MMA), from an ethnographic research made with a group of physical fight practitioners in the city named Goiânia-GO. Thus, it points out to the relevance of consumption and the interference of the market in the construction of some symbolic repertoire about manhood seen as essentials and/or primordials, discussing how the subjects seize and embody such an imaginary thing amidst stress, ambivalences and disputes. The document is organized into five chapters. In the first, I talk about the questionable utilization of physical fights and martial arts as an invented tradition, as an orientalist play, in the configuration of imaginary communities. In the second, I talk about the appearance of MMA coming from the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), giving focus to historical and sociological aspects that takes part in the symbolic economy in which establishes some manly speeches that are important for involved agents with the dynamic of manhoods in question. The third chapter brings thoughts about implied codes to the expression of manhoods in the universe of fighters where it was realized the field research, emphasizing the usage of signs associated to the genre relations with the production of relevant styles of the habitus of fighters. I develop discussions about the acceptance of the speech of order and the discipline of the contributors in the fourth chapter, in order to determine how interactions with women and other manhoods go through the influence of conservative opinion; and how much this dynamic is responsible for the creation of conflicts in this universe. The fifth chapter talks about the biographies of iconic fighters in several levels of the field topology embodied by fighters and referees that take part of the cultural goods market around MMA and UFC. So I posit that the fight that brought the thoughts about manhoods in this study highlights the stress around the sexuality, of questions related to family and to work; and before it means a sportivization, it indicates an intense civilizing process, as it allows the fruition an uncontrolled control of the emotions and makes evident tools of social control. The respect and affection of traditional institutes like family and heterosexuality, like the possibility of social ascension through MMA, require from the fighters a self-sacrifice that reinstalls in the contemporaneous scenario the perspective of the individual discipline as a resource to the success. This process allow us to imply that dynamics and rhetoric of market (re)products styles of manhoods seen as “non corruptible” by the present day, such elements being appropriate by interested agents in the symbolic capital that is inherent in the form of disputes for hegemony. Keywords: Mixed Martial Arts, manhoods; uncontrolled control; imaginary communities; market of symbolic goods.
O presente estudo consiste em uma análise sociológica da produção de estilos de masculinidades no universo do Mixed Martial Arts (MMA), a partir de uma pesquisa de caráter etnográfico realizada junto a um grupo de praticantes de lutas corporais na cidade de Goiânia-GO. Aponta, assim, para a pertinência do consumo e para a interferência do mercado na construção de certo repertório simbólico sobre masculinidades tidas como essenciais e/ou primordiais, discutindo como os sujeitos apropriam-se e corporificam tal imaginário em meio a tensões, ambivalências e disputas. O texto está organizado em cinco capítulos. No primeiro, discorro sobre a problemática das lutas corporais e das artes marciais enquanto tradição inventada utilizada, enquanto peça orientalista, na conformação de comunidades imaginadas. No segundo, abordo o surgimento do MMA a partir do Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), focando aspectos históricos e sociológicos que participam da economia simbólica dentro da qual se instalam discursos e retóricas viris importantes para agentes envolvidos com a dinâmica da masculinidade em questão. O terceiro capítulo traz reflexões a respeito de códigos implícitos à expressão de masculinidades no universo de lutadores onde foi realizada a pesquisa de campo, realçando o manejo de signos associados às relações de gênero com a produção de estilos relevadores de habitus de lutadores. Desenvolvo discussões sobre uma apropriação do discurso da ordem e da disciplina por parte dos colaboradores no quarto capítulo, no sentido de apontar como interações com mulheres e outras masculinidades sofrem a influência de disposições conservadoras; e o quanto tal dinâmica é responsável pela produção de conflitos nesse universo. O quinto capítulo aborda a questão das biografias de lutadores emblemáticos em diversos níveis da topologia do campo constituído por lutadores e mediadores que participam do mercado de bens culturais em torno do MMA e do UFC. Postulo que a luta de que se lançou mão para as reflexões sobre masculinidades nesse estudo realça a tensão em torno da sexualidade, de questões relacionadas à família e ao trabalho; e antes de significar uma desportivização, indica um acirramento do processo civilizatório, na medida em que permite a fruição de um descontrole controlado das emoções e evidencia ferramentas de controle social. A valorização de instituições tradicionais como a família e a heterossexualidade, bem como a possibilidade de ascensão social através do MMA, exigem de lutadores um auto sacrifício que reinstala no cenário contemporâneo a perspectiva da ascese individual como recurso para o sucesso. Este processo permite inferir que dinâmicas e retóricas de mercado (re)produzem estilos de masculinidades tidos como “não corrompidos” pela modernidade, sendo tais elementos apropriados por agentes interessados no capital simbólico que lhes é inerente sob a forma de disputas por hegemonia. Palavras-chave: Mixed Martial Arts; masculinidades; descontrole controlado; comunidades imaginadas; mercado de bens simbólicos.
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Elkrghli, Sabri G. M. "The contribution of market orientation to business success in the Libyan transitional economy : a mixed-methods approach." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=11534.
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Dion, John Frederick. "Understanding the forces that affect the market orientation of three diverse teams : a mixed-methods, longitudinal study." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2691.
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Prior research has shown a relationship between market orientation and business performance. Relatively little research, however, has focused on antecedents to market orientation. Additionally, insufficient market orientation research has been conducted at the team level, specifically on new product development and customer teams, the groups closest to new product launches, which are critical to organizational success. There is also insufficient research on how a group’s market orientation might change over time. Lastly, most past studies have used data collected from one or two employees to assess the market orientation of the entire organization. It is not clear how perceptions of market orientation might differ among employees, based on their role within the organization. This research seeks to address these gaps. This research presents the findings from data collected over three years from three teams in the same organization. The teams’ market orientation is viewed through three different lenses: the MKTOR scale developed by Narver and Slater, one-on-one interviews, and network analysis. The research presents a substantive theory that explains the data collected from all three teams and from all three data sources. The data suggests that market orientation is the coordinated effort to gather, disseminate, and respond to information in order to maintain and increase business with the customer, thus supporting an integration of the two primary conceptualizations of market orientation. Throughout the process the team faces ambiguity on many fronts, and the team must deliberately manage this ambiguity in order to be successful. Managing ambiguity, however, is not the same thing as eliminating ambiguity as resource limitations and team size restrict how much ambiguity can be removed. Clarifying communications, including developing a shared understanding of customer targets, serve to remove ambiguity in the team.
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Sadat, Sayed Abdullah. "Optimal Bidding Strategy for a Strategic Power Producer Using Mixed Integer Programming." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6631.
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The thesis focuses on a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulation for a bi-level mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) considering chance constraints. The particular MPEC problem relates to a power producer’s bidding strategy: maximize its total benefit through determining bidding price and bidding power output while considering an electricity pool’s operation and guessing the rival producer’s bidding price. The entire decision-making process can be described by a bi-level optimization problem. The contribution of our thesis is the MILP formulation of this problem considering the use of chance constrained mathematical program for handling the uncertainties.
First, the lower-level poor operation problem is replaced by Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimality condition, which is further converted to an MILP formulation except a bilinear item in the objective function. Secondly, duality theory is implemented to replace the bilinear item by linear items. Finally, two types of chance constraints are examined and modeled in MILP formulation. With the MILP formulation, the entire MPEC problem considering randomness in price guessing can be solved using off-shelf MIP solvers, e.g., Gurobi. A few examples and a case study are given to illustrate the formulation and show the case study results.
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Kongsamutr, Navatasn. "Airline key change drivers and business environmental analysis in the Southeast Asia : strategic planning perspectives." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2010. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/5727.
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This thesis is involved with exploration of key changes drivers and market
phenomena in the Southeast Asia and the development of new conceptual frameworks
for business environmental analysis of airlines. The research is constructed under the
phenomenology paradigm which adopts a coherentism approach and mainly takes
airline industry’s publications, statistics, and executives as units of analysis.
Hermeneutic phenomenology, a single-embedded case study, concurrent triangulation
mixed method, and grounded theory are all used as methodologies. Methods using
document reviews, interviews, and questionnaires are applied to surface the key
changes drivers, market phenomena and the perceptions of the importance of changes
factors. The collected data are analysed by content analysis, thematic analysis,
cognitive mapping analysis, constant comparative analysis and descriptive analysis to
classify, generalise and develop into proper forms.
The research reveals that ‘market’, ‘competition/strategy’, ‘regulation/policy’,
‘infrastructure/resource’, ‘cooperation’, ‘distribution’, ‘technology, and ‘broad’
factors are discovered as key change drivers. Their different importance levels are
measured by occurrences, density, centrality, and tail occurrences as root causes of
changes. The characteristics of their interrelationships are based on directional and
influential dimensions. There are 16 emerged changes/market phenomena and 11
generalised conceptual frameworks and 3 newly developed frameworks for analysing
the airline business environment. The quantitative findings from content analysis are
evaluated by inter-coder analysis which achieves kappa coefficient = 0.87 indicating
high reliability of the analysis. The qualitative findings are qualified through ten
criteria assessment of research quality. The deliverables provide both theoretical and
methodological contributions. The research limitations are found in some sources of
collected data and findings which are caused by scarce data availability and three
types of biases. The recommendations for future research into financial performance,
changes’ leading indicators and comparative in-depth study in other ASEAN
countries and regions are made.
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Raza, Saqlain. "Essays on complementarity : organizational and market changes in agriculture." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INPT0017/document.
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Cette thèse vise à tester pour l’existence d’effet de complémentarités entre différentes activités économiques dans le secteur agricole. Pour cela, nous mobilisons les deux approches que proposent la littérature, à savoir l’approche par la productivité et l’approche par l’adoption. Nous commençons par une revue de la littérature sur l’économie de la complémentarité, en nous focalisant sur ces deux approches de la complémentarité et ses modèles empiriques. Nous proposons ensuite trois analyses empiriques permettant de tester ces modèles. La première explore les déterminants du choix de marque et/ou de signes des qualité par les petites coopératives agricoles françaises, avec un focus particulier sur la coexistence de ces deux signes. La seconde fournit un test direct de complémentarité entre labels et marques en recourant à l’approche par l’adoption. En estimant un probit multinomial, il est en effet possible de séparer l’effet de complémentarité de celui de l’hétérogénéité inobservable. La troisième introduit l’approche par la productivité, en sus de l’approche par l’adoption, pour tester de cet eet de complémentarité dans les systèmes de polyculture élevage adoptés par les petits exploitants de la province du Pendjab au PakistanThe main objective of this thesis is to test for complementarity between different economic activities in agriculture. To do this, we have recourse to the two approaches proposed by the literature, i.e. the productivity approach and the adoption approach. First, we review the economics of complementarity and analyze the different empirical models to test for complementarity. Then, we propose three empirical analyses testing these models. The first examine closely the drivers of the branding and labeling strategies from French small agricultural co-operatives, with a focus on the coexistence of both quality signals. The second directly test for complementarity between branding and labeling using the adoption approach, by estimating a multinomal probit. This allow us to separate what is really due to complementarity and what is caused by unobserved heterogeneity. Third, in addition to adoption approach, we test for complementarity using a productivity approach in the mixed farming systems adopted by smallholder farmers in Punjab, Pakistan
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Ho, Pui-king, and 何佩琼. "Market socialism in China: the case of middlemanagement in small-sized state-owned enterprises in Shenzhen." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31245389.
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Engwall, Ludvig, and Martin Bjerring. "Optimal Credit Rating with Regard to Capital Structure : A Mixed Method Study on the Swedish Real Estate Market." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298054.
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In Sweden, the demand for official credit ratings has historically not been as substantial as in other parts of the world. This due to the fact that Swedish banks up until recently provided the market with shadow ratings. The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) started investigating shadow ratings in August 2016 and decided that Nordic banks issuing shadow ratings were against the new directives because they were not registered as rating agencies. The Nordic corporate bond market has grown rapidly since the financial crisis and many bond issuers have avoided the organizational cost associated with obtaining and maintaining a credit rating. In 2016, more than half of Nordic bonds were issued without a credit rating, while today, the majority of Nordic bonds are issued with credit rating. Capital structure and specifically the goal of locating the optimal capital structure has, since the breakthrough of Modigliani and Miller in 1958, been the center of attention for a lot of research and the issue is of great interest for both academicians and practitioners. In practice, there are many factors that affect the decision of what leverage and capital structure a company decides to aim for. Among the factors are growth opportunities, firm size and profitability. With the base in corporate financial theory, the purpose of this study is to explore what factors that influence Swedish real estate companies regarding their decisions of capital structure and credit rating. With the method of semi-structured interviews and quantitative simulations, the study aims to understand why Swedish real estate companies are divided in their strategies about credit ratings and to explore if the firms have suboptimal credit ratings with respect to their capital structure. The quantitative part indicates that the optimal credit rating grade is A- with regard to the capital structure, for the examined Swedish real estate firms, under the current market conditions. The uncertainty of the optimal credit rating grade is displayed in a sensitivity analysis. The qualitative part of the study indicates that the rating of A- could plausibly be the optimal credit rating level and that it most likely is above the investment grade. The qualitative part further sheds light on the strategies of Swedish real estate firms and gives the market and investors insight to understand the underlying factors for why firms aim for different ratings. One can conclude that leverage and weighted average cost of capital are important factors when it comes to decisions regarding credit rating grades, but is often trumped by the quality label of credit ratings, the demand for different grades, the signals a upgrade/downgrade sends to the market and the possibility to reach the rating institutes requirements.I Sverige har efterfrågan på officiella kreditbetyg historiskt sett inte varit lika stor som i andra delar av världen. Detta på grund av att svenska banker fram till nyligen försåg marknaden med skuggratings. Europeiska värdepappers- och marknadsmyndigheten (ESMA) började undersöka skuggratings i augusti 2016 och beslutade att nordiska banker som utfärdade skuggratings gick emot de nya direktiven eftersom de inte var registrerade som kreditvärderingsinstitut. Den nordiska obligationsmarknaden har vuxit snabbt sedan finanskrisen och många fastighetsbolag har undvikit kostnader kopplade till att erhålla och underhålla ett kreditbetyg. Under 2016 emitterades mer än hälften av nordiska obligationer utan kreditbetyg, medan idag är de flesta nordiska obligationer emitterade med kreditbetyg. Kapitalstruktur och specifikt målet att hitta den optimala kapitalstrukturen har sedan Modigliani och Millers genombrott 1958 varit centrum för mycket forskning och frågan är av stort intresse för både akademiker och utövare. I praktiken finns det många faktorer som påverkar beslutet om vilken belåningsgrad och kapitalstruktur som ett företag bestämmer sig för. Bland de påverkande faktorerna är tillväxtmöjligheter, företagsstorlek och lönsamhet. Med utgångspunkt i företagsfinansiella teorier, är syftetmed denna studie att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar svenska fastighetsbolag beträffande deras beslut om kapitalstruktur och kreditbetyg. Med metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer och kvantitativa simuleringar syftar studien till att förstå varför svenska fastighetsbolag har olika strategier kring kreditbetyg, samt att undersöka om företagen har suboptimala kreditbetyg med hänsyn till deras kapitalstruktur. Den kvantitativa delen indikerar att det optimala kreditbetyget är A-, med hänsyn till kapitalstruktur för de undersökta svenska fastighetsföretagen, under nuvarande marknadsförhållanden. Osäkerheten kring det optimala kreditbetyget visas i en känslighetsanalys. Den kvalitativa delen av studien indikerar att A- troligtvis kan vara den optimala kreditbetygsnivån samt att den optimala nivån högst sannolikt ligger över investment grade. Den kvalitativa delen belyser även de svenska fastighetsbolagens strategier och förser marknaden och investerare med insyn om de bakomliggande faktorerna till varför företag strävar efter olika betyg. Slutsatsen är att belåningsgrad och kapitalkostnader är viktiga faktorer när det gäller beslut om kreditbetyg, men att det ofta prioriterars efter kvalitén associerad med kreditbetyget, efterfrågan på olika kreditbetyg, signalerna en uppgradering / nedgradering sänder till marknaden och om företaget kan nå kreditvärderingsinstitutets krav.
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Malm, Fabian, and Emil Javelius. "Market frictions effect on optimal real estate allocation in a multi-asset portfolio : A study of the Swedish market." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-211196.
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The weight of real estate in a multi-asset portfolio is a highly discussed matter and the main purpose for every investor is to reach an optimal diversification. The aim of the thesis is to apply a new allocation model, which considers market imperfections characterized by real estate. The most known and used method today is the mean-variance approach, founded in the modern portfolio theory. Modern portfolio theory is based on several assumptions, where one of these is the assumption of an efficient market. However, real estate is not considered the be a part of the efficient market due to several market imperfections, such as illiquidity, transaction cost etc. Market imperfection generate risk, which naturally should decrease the optimal weight of real estate in the portfolio. In order to assess optimal real estate allocation in a multi-asset portfolio when accounting for market imperfections an extended approach of the mean-variance model is applied. The extended model accounts for risk-aversion, transaction cost and time-on-market. The model is divided in two approaches, the benchmark- and normative approach, based on two different papers. The model is tested on the Swedish market with current market conditions in order to assess the models applicability. The result from the benchmark approach suggested an optimal real estate allocation of 0,72 – 5,84 %. The normative approach has been dismissed as inconclusive and unreliable due to abnormal weight of real estate. However, the value of risk-aversion is identified as the strongest determinant in both the models. The allocation from the benchmark approach is, as expected, lower than results of the standard mean-variance approach. The extended model is a useful and valid tool in the consideration of market imperfections characterized by real estate.Vikten av fastigheter i en portfölj med fler tillgångsslag är en omdiskuterad fråga där det huvudsakliga målet för en investerare är att uppnå en optimal diversifiering. Målet med uppsatsen är att testa en ny allokerings modell som tar hänsyn till fastigheters speciella attribut, marknadsimperfektioner. Den vanligast förekommande metoden för att beräkna allokeringen mot fastigheter härstammar från modern portfolio teori (MPT). MPT baserar på ett antal antaganden, varav ett är en effektiv marknad. Problematiken ligger i att fastigheter inte kvalificerar sig inom ramen för den effektiva marknaden då de delvis räknas som en illikvid tillgång, förenade med höga transaktionskostnader. Marknadsimperfektioner resulterar i risk vilket logiskt leder till en lägre vikt av fastigheter i portföljen. För att utvärdera den optimala allokeringen mot fastigheter i en portfölj med flera tillgångar används en modifierad version av den klassiska medelvariationsmodellen som tar hänsyn till vissa av marknadsimperfektioner. Den modifierade versionen tar hänsyn till risk aversion, transaktionskostnad och försäljningstid. Modellen är uppdelad i två tillvägagångsätt, den ena benämnd som benchmark- och den andra som normativa metoden, baserat på varsin vetenskaplig artikel. Modellen testas på den svenska marknaden under nuvarande marknadsförutsättningar för att bedöma dess tillämplighet. Resultatet från benchmarkmetoden visar på en optimal fastighetsallokering om 0,72 – 5,84 %. Resultaten för den normativa modellen är förkastade som ofullständiga och opålitliga. I vilket fall identifieras riskaversionen som den mest avgörande faktorn i båda modellerna. Benchmarkmetoden ger en lägre optimal allokering gentemot fastigheter, än den som räknas fram med den klassiska mean-variance metoden. Den utvidgade modellen anses vara en användbar och giltig metod som tar hänsyn till de marknadsimperfektioner som fastigheter karaktäriseras av.
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Sharma, Madhuri. "Spatial Integration and Neighborhood Diversity in US MSAs, 1990-2000: A Mixed-Method Approach." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1248878220.
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Asaad, Yousra. "An investigation into export market orientation in UK universities from the international marketing manager's perspective : a mixed-method approach." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5838.
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Recent developments in the theories of export marketing have resulted in the conceptualisation of export market orientation in the manufacturing industry. However, little research investigating the concept of export market orientation in the higher education context exists, despite the importance of the export market in shaping the direction of the marketing of higher education. Building on the existing literature on export marketing and higher education marketing, this research offers a conceptualisation of export market orientation in universities and its antecedents and consequences from a managerial perspective. A mixed-method research design was adopted, consisting of two main phases. The first phase involved conducting key informant interviews with the international marketing managers of UK universities. Together with the literature review, an analysis of the key themes led to the development of research hypotheses and an operational model. The model was tested in the second phase with a survey directed at the international marketing managers of different UK universities. Partial Least Squares structural equation modelling was used to analyse the survey responses. The structural model showed a good fit with the data and good convergent, discriminant and nomological validity and reliability stability. This research is the first to formulate and develop the concepts of export market orientation and export performance in the higher education context. The outcome of this research adds new perspectives to the growing body of higher education marketing literature, and suggests directions for future research. This research also offers important implications for management bodies in universities, academia and public policy-makers alike.
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Lynch, H. "Passivhaus in the UK : the challenges of an emerging market : a case study of innovation using mixed methods research." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1418470/.
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In 2006 the UK government announced policy intentions and introduced associated building design standards and up-dated Building Regulations for all new housing to be ‘zero carbon’ by 2016 and all new non-domestic buildings to be ‘zero carbon’ by 2019. Since this time the UK build standard for ‘zero carbon’ compliance for housing is the Code for Sustainable Homes (CSH) and the pre-existing, but evolving, Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) is the standard for non-domestic buildings. These standards have been developed by the UK government in conjunction with BRE and other industry consultants to allow building designers to introduce incremental changes to the energy design performance of their buildings. These include for the use of higher levels of insulation (leading towards super insulated fabric design), the use of on-site renewable energy technologies and eventually ‘allowable’ off-site low energy and renewable energy technology solutions to achieve ‘zero carbon’ buildings. Since the introduction of these policy intentions and standards, the UK building design and construction industry has debated both their validity and the actual definition of ‘zero carbon’, with some believing that a ‘fabric first’ approach to housing and building design using standards such as the German Passivhaus to be a more effective and simpler way to deliver ‘zero carbon’ new buildings in the UK. Despite the fact that many of the technologies leading to the development of the first super-insulated house designs and eventually the Passivhaus standard originated in the USA and UK, (culminating in the construction of a number of exemplar super-insulated homes in these countries from the 1970’s), the Passivhaus standard is currently less well known, accepted or understood in the UK than in Norhern Europe. The technology is however beginning to gain credence with a small but growing number of early adopters in the UK. With a focus on these early Passivhaus adopters, this thesis seeks to identify barriers to the uptake of the Passivhaus standard at the time of this research. The research has been conducted using social science mixed methods research, including for the use of thepsychometric assessment tool Q-methodology to assess the opinions of early Passivhaus adopters. The broad conclusions from this research are that barriers are cultural and linked to both social and technological constraints. These include for understanding of and installation of Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery (MVHR), which is a technology intrinsic to the Passivhaus standard, but also levels of construction industry skills training and education and existing legislation and processes in the UK.
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van, den Bosch Inge. "Beyond Education : Perspectives of rural graduate Filipinas on labor market participation." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-145064.
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The Republic of the Philippines is an example country when it comes to gender equality within education. However, this trend does not persist when it comes to female labor market participation. Current research shows that a mere 53,4% of all Filipinas are currently employed in the labor market against 81% of their male counterparts, indicating a wide engendered gap. This study investigates why so few of the highly educated female population find gainful employment by studying the perspectives of university graduate students in the rural province of Antique through the use of a wide range, quantitative survey across three universities, and 9 qualitative in-depth interviews. By using Nussbaum and Sen’s capability approach, an inventory of both known and new barriers is made, which are organized in the following categories: barriers on the supply side of the labor market, barriers on the demand side of the labor market, and other barriers. Revealing those barriers that have not been researched before contributes to the existing body of knowledge on impediments that hinder graduating Antiqueñas to enter the labor market. The hindrances as described and discussed in this thesis can be used to improve gender sensitive policies that have the ability to expand freedoms, capabilities, and functioning for Antiqueñas, but also for Filipinas in general, since the barriers; lack of good and productive vacancies, (early) motherhood, a wide gender wage gap, unpaid family work, patriarchic views on traditional female roles, and a divide in male and female jobs are all barriers that hinder Filipinas on a national level.
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Gardini, Giorgia, and Giulia Mongillo. "A dock 4 future. Regeneration of a former industrial site into a mixed use development in Binckhorst Neighbourhood, The Hague." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20669/.
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A dock 4 future si occupa della rigenerazione di un ex comparto industriale dismesso nel quartiere Binckhorst a sud-est della città di L’Aia, in Olanda. Più nello specifico, il progetto opera su un lotto a sud del distretto, compreso tra via Jupiterkade e Junostraat a ridosso del canale Trekvliet.Il principale intento del progetto è quello di trasformare l’area in un nuovo polo attrattivo multifunzionale legato alla tipologia del “market hall”, particolarmente diffusa nel contesto nord europeo. Il comparto vede la compresenza di più edifici di diversa natura sui quali il progetto mira a intervenire con una strategia differenziata.L’edificio di maggiori dimensioni, situato lungo la via Jupiterkade al civico 24, adibito a magazzino e in condizioni non adeguate ad ospitare nuove funzioni, è oggetto di una totale sostituzione prevedendo il mantenimento del sedime esistente e la completa revisione dell’assetto volumetrico. L’edificio al civico 1 di Junostraat, costituito da due corpi adiacenti, viene invece
riqualificato mediante l’utilizzo di nuove strutture e soluzioni tecnologiche volte ad ottimizzare l’insediamento delle nuove funzioni. Il nuovo complesso che ne deriva propone nuove modalità di relazione con il canale prospiciente, riqualificando gli spazi tra gli edifici in luoghi di aggregazione e dedicando
maggiore attenzione al rapporto con la via d’acqua che tradizionalmente ha accompagnato lo sviluppo dell’area nel corso del tempo.
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Hedström, Veronica, Emelie Pettersson, and Emma Strand. "National drug trafficking providing a local drug market in a medium-sized city in Sweden with illegal drugs : A mixed method study." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för samhällsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-31968.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The Police in Sundsvall has identified a problem of an open drug market in the inner city of Sundsvall. Behind an open drug market there is an organization that consists of several steps. Internet also contributes to a drug trafficking. There is research about how the illegal drugs arrive to Sweden, but no research about what happens with the drugs after they have entered Sweden. Aim: The study aimed to examine how the national drug trafficking provides an illegal local drug market in Sundsvall with illegal drugs in a medium sized city in the middle of Sweden. In order to do so, the researchers studied the most common illegal drugs that are transported to the local market and how the illegal drugs arrive to the local market. Method: This study has a mixed method design and are divided into three parts. The first part is quantitative and consists of statistics from the Board of Customs. The second part is qualitative and consists of interviews with professionals from the Police and Customs and also with former drugs dealers and one heavy user. The third part is also qualitative and consists of interviews from Postnord, DHL, the Customs and the Police. Results: It was concluded in the results that cannabis and amphetamine were the most common illegal drugs on the local market in Sundsvall. It was also found that there are no specific routes that the illegal drugs are transported along to Sundsvall. It rather depends on the contacts that each local seller in Sundsvall has. Internet and the logistic companies were found to play an important role regarding the means for transportation. Discussion: The consequences and underlying causes of the phenomena was discussed. Also, two criminological theories were applied in order to explain what motivates people to involve in the transportation of illegal drugs to the local market and thus why illegal drugs are transported.2017-06-01