Academic literature on the topic 'Mixed Algal Consortia'

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Journal articles on the topic "Mixed Algal Consortia"

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Krustok, I., J. G. Diaz, M. Odlare, and E. Nehrenheim. "Algae biomass cultivation in nitrogen rich biogas digestate." Water Science and Technology 72, no. 10 (July 22, 2015): 1723–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.384.

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Because microalgae are known for quick biomass growth and nutrient uptake, there has been much interest in their use in research on wastewater treatment methods. While many studies have concentrated on the algal treatment of wastewaters with low to medium ammonium concentrations, there are several liquid waste streams with high ammonium concentrations that microalgae could potentially treat. The aim of this paper was to test ammonium tolerance of the indigenous algae community of Lake Mälaren and to use this mixed consortia of algae to remove nutrients from biogas digestate. Algae from Lake Mälaren were cultivated in Jaworski's Medium containing a range of ammonium concentrations and the resulting algal growth was determined. The algae were able to grow at NH4-N concentrations of up to 200 mg L−1 after which there was significant inhibition. To test the effectiveness of the lake water algae on the treatment of biogas digestate, different pre-cultivation set-ups and biogas digestate concentrations were tested. It was determined that mixing pre-cultivated suspension algae with 25% of biogas digestate by volume, resulting in an ammonium concentration of around 300 mg L−1, produced the highest algal growth. The algae were effective in removing 72.8 ± 2.2% of NH4-N and 41.4 ± 41.4% of PO4-P.
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Kumar, Gopalakrishnan, Periyasamy Sivagurunathan, Parthiban Anburajan, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi, Ganesh D. Saratale, Chang-Su Choi, and Sang-Hyoun Kim. "Continuous biogenic hydrogen production from dilute acid pretreated algal hydrolysate using hybrid immobilized mixed consortia." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 43, no. 25 (June 2018): 11452–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.06.050.

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González, C., J. Marciniak, S. Villaverde, C. León, P. A. García, and R. Muñoz. "Efficient nutrient removal from swine manure in a tubular biofilm photo-bioreactor using algae-bacteria consortia." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 1 (July 1, 2008): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.655.

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Concentrated animals feeding operations (CAFOs) often pose a negative environmental impact due to the uncontrolled spreading of manure into soils that ends up in the release of organic matter and nutrients into water bodies. Conventional aerobic methods treating CAFOs wastewater require intensive oxygenation, which significantly increases the operational costs. The alternative proposed in this research is the application of micro-algae based systems by taking advantage of the cost-effective in situ oxygenation via photosynthesis. A 4.9 L enclosed tubular biofilm photo-bioreactor was inoculated with an algal–bacterial consortium formed by the micro-algae Chlorella sorokiniana and a mixed bacterial culture from an activated sludge process. C. sorokiniana delivers the O2 necessary to accomplish both organic matter and ammoniun oxidation. The reactor was fed with diluted swine wastewater containing 180, 15 and 2,000 mg/L of NH4+-N, soluble P and total COD, respectively. The photo-bioreactor exhibited good and sustained nutrient removal efficiencies (up to 99% and 86% for NH4+ and PO43−, respectively) while total COD was removed up to 75% when the biofilm was properly established. Liquid superficial velocities up to 0.4 m/s (achieved by culture broth recirculation) hindered the formation of a stable biofilm, while operation at velocities lower than 0.1 m/s supported stable process performance. The high shear stress imposed by the centrifugal recirculation pump disintegrated the large aggregates detached from the biofilm, which resulted in a poor settling performance and therefore poor COD removal efficiencies. Enclosed biofilm photo-bioreactors therefore offer a potentially more economical alternative to conventional tertiary treatments process.
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Setiabudi, Gede Iwan, Dietriech G. Bengen, Ocky Karna Radjasa, and Hefni Effendi. "Preliminary study of algasidal activities of the episymbiont bacterial consortium from Enhalus acoroides." Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 2, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/atbes.2018.v02.i02.p02.

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Seagrass symbiotic bacteria have various functions, one of which is as algaside. There are 2 types of symbionts namely endosymbiont and episymbiont. This study aims to test the initial activity of algaside episymbiont Enhalus acoroides on diatome and dinoflagellate group plankton. The method used for testing is Mixed Algal-bacterial cultures. On media that has been overgrown with algae will be inoculated with episymbiont bacterial consortium E. acoroides. The results of the bacterial consortium research have not shown significant algaside activity. But, on Nitschia sp. showed significant algaside activity. This mean specific activity in the compound or mechanism used as algaside.
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Behera, B., K. Nageshwari, M. Darshini, and P. Balasubramanian. "Evaluating the harvesting efficiency of inorganic coagulants on native microalgal consortium enriched with human urine." Water Science and Technology 82, no. 6 (March 31, 2020): 1217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.143.

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Abstract Flocculation is a common technique to harvest microalgae, where the negatively charged algal cells coalesce together to form larger flocs that settle under gravity. Although several inorganic flocculants have been applied for algal biomass recovery, the dosage varies depending on the algal strain-specific features. Thus, the selection of inorganic coagulant that can be applied at a low dosage for achieving the maximal biomass recovery under normal physiological conditions is necessary. The present study analyses the influence of different inorganic flocculants like ferric chloride (FeCl3), alum, calcium hydroxide, ferrous sulphate and copper sulphate on the biomass removal efficiency of a mixed microalgal consortium isolated from the open ponds of the National Institute of Technology Rourkela and further enriched with diluted human urine. Flocculation experiments were carried out with varying coagulant dosages, pH between 7.5 and 7.8, and 0.5 g L−1 algal concentration. The results revealed that FeCl3 at the dosage of 0.05 g L−1 and KAl(SO4)2 with the dosage of 0.04 g L−1 could be utilized to achieve the biomass recovery efficiency of 99.5% and 97.9%, respectively, within a duration of 5 min. An economic evaluation of the harvesting process showed KAl(SO4)2 to be the cheapest coagulant that could be feasibly used to recover algae at a large scale.
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Barott, Katie L., Beltran Rodriguez-Mueller, Merry Youle, Kristen L. Marhaver, Mark J. A. Vermeij, Jennifer E. Smith, and Forest L. Rohwer. "Microbial to reef scale interactions between the reef-building coral Montastraea annularis and benthic algae." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1733 (November 16, 2011): 1655–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.2155.

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Competition between reef-building corals and benthic algae is of key importance for reef dynamics. These interactions occur on many spatial scales, ranging from chemical to regional. Using microprobes, 16S rDNA pyrosequencing and underwater surveys, we examined the interactions between the reef-building coral Montastraea annularis and four types of benthic algae. The macroalgae Dictyota bartayresiana and Halimeda opuntia , as well as a mixed consortium of turf algae, caused hypoxia on the adjacent coral tissue. Turf algae were also associated with major shifts in the bacterial communities at the interaction zones, including more pathogens and virulence genes. In contrast to turf algae, interactions with crustose coralline algae (CCA) and M. annularis did not appear to be antagonistic at any scale. These zones were not hypoxic, the microbes were not pathogen-like and the abundance of coral–CCA interactions was positively correlated with per cent coral cover. We propose a model in which fleshy algae (i.e. some species of turf and fleshy macroalgae) alter benthic competition dynamics by stimulating bacterial respiration and promoting invasion of virulent bacteria on corals. This gives fleshy algae a competitive advantage over corals when human activities, such as overfishing and eutrophication, remove controls on algal abundance. Together, these results demonstrate the intricate connections and mechanisms that structure coral reefs.
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Ryan, Jonathon, Hayden Ferral-Smith, and Joshua Wilson. "Wastewater and Mixed Microbial Consortia: a metastudy analysis of Optimal Microbial Fuel Cell configuration." PAM Review Energy Science & Technology 5 (May 31, 2018): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/pamr.v5i0.1496.

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Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are an area of increasing research for use as an alternative energy source, due to their ability to produce electricity while simultaneously treating organic waste. This meta-study determines the optimal MFC configuration for electricity production, through consideration of the biocatalyst and substrate used. This study focuses primarily on comparing the use of mixed microbial consortia to pure strains of biocatalyst, and the use of waste water in contrast to simple substrates such as; acetate, glucose, and lactate. The use of algae as a substrate, and as a biocatalyst, is also investigated. In this study, only single and dual chamber MFCs are compared, and power density standardised to anode surface area (mW/m2) is used as a metric to facilitate the comparison of different experimental setups. This meta-study shows that dual chamber MFCs, using simple substrates, when catalysed by mixed culture biocatalysts, produce greater power densities, than algae, and complex substrates, with average power densities of 280, 70 and 30 (mW/m2) observed respectively. In single chamber MFC configurations, mixed culture biocatalysts have been observed to yield approximately double the power output of pure culture biocatalysts.
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Fradinho, J. C., J. M. B. Domingos, G. Carvalho, A. Oehmen, and M. A. M. Reis. "Polyhydroxyalkanoates production by a mixed photosynthetic consortium of bacteria and algae." Bioresource Technology 132 (March 2013): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.050.

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van der Steen, Peter, Kuntarini Rahsilawati, Angélica M. Rada-Ariza, Carlos M. Lopez-Vazquez, and Piet N. L. Lens. "A new photo-activated sludge system for nitrification by an algal-bacterial consortium in a photo-bioreactor with biomass recycle." Water Science and Technology 72, no. 3 (May 15, 2015): 443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.205.

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Wastewater treatment technologies requiring large areas may be less feasible in urbanizing regions of developing countries. Therefore, a new technology, named photo-activated sludge (PAS), was investigated to combine the advantages of regular activated sludge systems with those of algae ponds for the removal of ammonium. The PAS consisted of a mixed photo-bioreactor, continuously fed with BG-11 medium, adjusted to 66 mgN-NH4+/l. The reactor volume was 2 l, hydraulic retention time was 24 hours, with a depth of 8 cm, and continuous illumination at the water surface was 66 μmol PAR/m2/s (photosynthetically active radiation). Reactor effluent passed through a settler and settled biomass was returned to the reactor. A well settling biomass developed, that contained both algae and nitrifiers. Effluent contained 10 mgN-NH4+/L and 51 mgN-NOx−/L. Using a simplified model, the specific algae growth rate was estimated at about 0.62 day−1, which was within the expected range. For nitrifiers (ammonia oxidizers), the specific growth rate was 0.11 day−1, which was lower than reported for regular activated sludge. The in-situ photo-oxygenation process by algae contributed 82% of the oxygen input, whereas oxygen diffusion through the mixed surface provided the remaining 18%. The foreseen energy savings that a PAS system could achieve warrant further investigations with real wastewater.
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Sniffen, Kaitlyn D., Christopher M. Sales, and Mira S. Olson. "Nitrogen removal from raw landfill leachate by an algae–bacteria consortium." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 3 (October 5, 2015): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.499.

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A remediation system for the removal of nitrogen from landfill leachate by a mixed algae–bacteria culture was investigated. This system was designed to treat leachate with minimal inputs and maintenance requirements, and was operated as an open semi-batch reactor in an urban greenhouse. The results of this study showed a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 9.18 mg N/(L·day) and maximum biomass density of 480 mg biomass/L. The ammonia removal rates of this culture increased with increasing initial ammonia concentration; maximum nitrogen removal occurred at an ammonia concentration of 80 mg N-NH3/L. At starting ammonia concentrations above 80 mg N-NH3/L a reduction in nitrogen removal was seen; this inhibition is hypothesized to be caused by ammonia toxicity. This inhibiting concentration is considerably higher than that of many other published studies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mixed Algal Consortia"

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Murthy, Priyanka. "Sustainable and Energy Efficient Treatment Potential of Mixed Algal Consortia for High Nutrient Organic Wastewaters." Thesis, 2013. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4622.

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The increasing levels of generation of nutrient rich wastewaters around the world pose serious challenges where conventional biological and chemical methods of treatment have gradually begun to fail in meeting sustainability challenges and underlying criteria. In this study naturally occurring mixed algal species reared in mixotrophic growth modes have been deployed to remove recalcitrant organics and recover high nutrient concentrations (N and P) from three increasingly complex wastewaters at short residence times of 6-7 days. Results from pilot scale operation show that the cultivation methods adopted and the use of naturally selected species lead to a tendency among these species to clump at certain stages of growth that in turn float or settle rapidly making algal harvest and thereby the nutrient recovery processes energy efficient. Biomass productivity of the consortia varied with season and was highest in the liquid from anaerobic digestor with a maximum of 6.3 g/m2/d. N recovery from synthetic sewage was c.30% and anaerobic digestor effluent c.50%, solid waste leachate c.42% while the N removal reached 95%. P recovery ranged between 50-70%, and the removal achieved was 90%. The use of mixed algal consortia in mixotrophic mode greatly enhanced the simultaneous removal of organic matter and recovery of mineral nutrients and is therefore suggested as a strategy for sustainable wastewater treatment units of the future.
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