Journal articles: 'Mix design'

1

Gupta, Sakshi. "Concrete Mix Design Using Artificial Neural Network." Journal on Today's Ideas-Tomorrow's Technologies 1, no. 1 (June 3, 2013): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jotitt.2013.11003.

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Swamy, Aravind Krishna, and Animesh Das. "Optimal proportioning for hot recycled mix design under Superpave mix design consideration." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 9 (September 2009): 1470–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-096.

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While performing recycled (central plant) hot mix design as per Superpave mix design criteria, the quantity of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is either assumed fixed, or estimated from other fixed parameter(s). In either of the cases, the constituent (RAP, virgin binder, and virgin aggregates) proportions may not necessarily represent a cost-optimal situation. The present paper develops a generalized formulation for preliminary constituent proportioning of hot recycled mix following Superpave criteria. Through this formulation an optimal solution for mix proportion can be obtained, where the total material cost is minimized while satisfying all the binder and mix property requirements.

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Kukade, Manisha S., Trupti S. Joshi, and Sumit D. Sanghani. "Concept of Regression Analysis in Concrete Mix Design." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-2 (February 28, 2018): 1412–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd10708.

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Dinis-Almeida, Marisa, João Castro-Gomes, Maria de Lurdes Antunes, and Luís Vieira. "Mix design and performance of warm-mix recycled asphalt." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Construction Materials 167, no. 4 (August 2014): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/coma.12.00054.

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Kumar, Rajiv, and Teiborlang Lyngdoh Ryntathiang. "New Laboratory Mix Methodology of Microsurfacing and Mix Design." Transportation Research Procedia 17 (2016): 488–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2016.11.098.

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Kamble, Rutika. "Combined Grade Concrete Mix Design." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 6 (June 30, 2023): 452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53685.

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Abstract: The process of selecting suitable ingredients of concrete and determining their relative amounts with an objective of producing a concrete of required strength, durability, and workability as economically as possible is termed as concrete mix design. Here we are doing concrete mix design of M240, M40PT, M50 grade by adding various types of admixtures and get more strength as well as it’s become less time consuming mix design as far as time is concern. Concrete mix design is a wellestablished practice around the world. All developed countries, as well as many developing countries, have standardized their concrete mix design methods. These methods are mostly based on empirical relations, charts, graphs, and tables developed as outcomes of extensive experiments and investigations of locally available materials. All of those standards and methods follow the same basic trial and error principles. The process of selecting suitable ingredients of concrete and determining their relative amount with the objective of producing a concrete of required strength durability and workability as economically as possible is termed the mix design. Some of the prevalent concrete mix design methods are: a) IS method b) ACI Mix Design Method, c) British Mix Design Method The concrete mix produced under quality control keeping in view the strength, durability, and workability is called the design Mix. Others factors like compaction equipment's available, curing method adopted, type of cement, quality of fine and coarse aggregate etc. have to be kept in mind before arriving at the mix proportion. The design mix or controlled mix is being used more and more in variety of important structures, because of better strength, reduced variability, leaner mixed with consequent economy, as well as greater assurance of the resultant quality.

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K., Chaitanya Kumar. "Experimental Investigation on Mix Proportion Design for Foam Concrete." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 5 (April 20, 2020): 3008–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i5/pr202006.

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Sinha, Dr Deepa A. "Compressive Strength of Concrete using Different Mix Design Methods." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 7 (October 1, 2011): 216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/july2014/66.

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Majeed Omar, Sardar, Burhan Muhammed Sharif, and Hemn Unis Ahmed. "Comparison Study between Marshall and Superpave Mix Design Methods." Halabja University Journal 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 330–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32410/huj-10376.

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Shirayama, Kazuhisa. "Development of Concrete Mix Design." Concrete Journal 35, no. 4 (1997): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/coj1975.35.4_18.

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Bhat, S. T., and C. W. Lovell. "Mix Design for Flowable Fill." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1589, no. 1 (January 1997): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1589-04.

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The grout-like material called flowable fill has experienced new popularity, particularly the controlled low-strength material variety, which is easily excavated. The properties ordinarily desired of the mix are: (a) flow under gravity; (b) hardening for early walkability and cover; and (c) ultimate strength low enough to allow ready excavation. Flowability of fresh material is evaluated in a simple spread test. Hardening is measured by a mortar penetrometer, and these values are correlated with unconfined compressive strength. It is desirable to keep the ultimate strength to less than 1 035 kPa (150 lbf/in.2); somewhat less target strength is selected for the 28-day value. Mix design is empirical, but the time and expense required may be reduced by following a rational and logical procedure, which is described. The materials emphasized in this paper are Class F coal combustion fly ash and waste sands from greensand ferrous castings.

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HUGHES, B. P., and M. N. A. AL ANI. "MIX DESIGN FOR PFA CONCRETE." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 88, no. 4 (August 1990): 639–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/iicep.1990.8322.

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Furuya, Tatsumi, Takaaki Satake, and Yoshlyuki Minami. "Evolutionary programming for mix design." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 18, no. 2-3 (August 1997): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1699(97)00025-2.

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Choi, Ying-Kit, and Jeffrey L. Groom. "RCC Mix Design—Soils Approach." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 13, no. 1 (February 2001): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2001)13:1(71).

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Okere, C. E. "Simplex-Based Concrete Mix Design." IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 5, no. 2 (2013): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1684-0524655.

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Cong, Ling, Daniel Swiertz, and Hussain Bahia. "Mix Design Factors to Reduce Noise in Hot-Mix Asphalt." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2372, no. 1 (January 2013): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2372-03.

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Dash, Swayam Siddha, and Mahabir Panda. "Influence of mix parameters on design of cold bituminous mix." Construction and Building Materials 191 (December 2018): 376–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.10.002.

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Moslehi, Abbas, Mohammad Ali Dashti Rahmatabadi, and Hosein Arman. "Determination of Optimized Mix Design of Reactive Powder Concrete." Advances in Civil Engineering 2023 (February 7, 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/4421095.

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There are different types of reactive powder concrete (RPC) and researchers continue to develop better-quality mix designs. This research presents an integrated approach for RPC mix design. For this purpose, 13 RPC mix designs were collected according to expert opinion and laboratory samples and were tested in this study for validation of the characteristics of compressive strength and water absorption. The samples were then ranked using the simple additive weighting (SAW) method, and three highest-quality RPCs were selected for the Taguchi method. These RPCs were used to prepare 27 experimental RPC mix designs applying the Taguchi method. From the experimental results, compressive strength with 0.38–0.76% and water absorption with 0.50–0.99% differences were more appropriate in compliance with the collected data. Also, results from the 27 mix designs investigated by the Taguchi method revealed the optimized mix design for the maximum compressive strength with 146.7 MPa and the optimized mix design for the minimum water absorption with 0.89%. The results showed that our approach was consistent with the results of classic methods that require a large number of samples. This suggests that integrating the SAW and Taguchi methods is an appropriate approach for screening and optimizing RPC mix design.

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Raut, Ku Priyanka M., and Dr R. M. Deshmukh. "Low Power Mix Logic Design Using Line Decoder: A Review." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-4 (June 30, 2018): 976–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd14146.

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Lee, Jong-Sub, Sang-Yum Lee, and Tri Ho Minh Le. "Developing Performance-Based Mix Design Framework Using Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester and Mechanistic Models." Polymers 15, no. 7 (March 29, 2023): 1692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15071692.

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This paper proposes a performance-based mix design (PBMD) framework to support performance-related specifications (PRS) needed to establish relationships between acceptable quality characteristics (AQCs) and predicted performance, as well as to develop fatigue-preferred, rutting-preferred, and performance-balanced mix designs. The framework includes defining performance tests and threshold values, developing asphalt mix designs, identifying available performance levels, conducting sensitivity analysis, establishing the relationships between AQCs and predicted performance, and determining performance targets and AQC values for the three PBMDs using predicted performance criteria. Additionally, the framework recommends selecting the PBMD category for each asphalt layer to minimize pavement distresses. In this study, the proposed PBMD protocol was applied to FHWA accelerated loading facility (ALF) materials using asphalt mixture performance tester (AMPT) equipment coupled with mechanistic models. The study developed nine mix designs with varying design VMAs and air voids using the Bailey method. The cracking and rutting performance of the mix designs were determined by direct tension cyclic (DTC) fatigue testing, triaxial stress sweep (TSS) testing, and viscoelastic continuum damage (S-VECD) and viscoplastic shift models for temperature and stress effects. The study found that adjusting the design VMA was the primary way to achieve required performance targets. For fatigue-preferred mix design, the recommended targets were a cracking area of 0 to 1.9%, a rut depth of 10 mm, and a design VMA of 14.6 to 17.6%. For rutting-preferred mix design, the recommended targets were a cracking area of 18%, a rut depth of 0 to 3.8 mm, and a design VMA of 10.1 to 13.1%. For performance-balanced mix design, the recommended targets were a cracking area of 8.1 to 10.7%, a rut depth of 4.6 to 6.4 mm, and a design VMA of 12.6 to 14.3%. Finally, pavement simulation results verified that the proposed PBMD pavement design with fatigue-preferred mix in the bottom layer, performance-balanced mix in the intermediate layer, and rutting-preferred mix in the surface mix could minimize bottom-up cracking propagation without exceeding the proposed rutting performance criterion for long-life.

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Hermann, Radek, Rostislav Drochytka, Jiří Kolísko, and Pavel Reiterman. "OPTIMIZATION OF MIX-DESIGN OF CHEMICALLY RESISTANT SPRAYED CONCRETE." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 22 (July 25, 2019): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2019.22.0026.

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This paper addresses optimization of mix-design and granulometric curves of aggregate of chemically resistant cementitious sprayed mix. The target of the paper is to improve properties of currently developed mix-design, which has no chemical resistance, and to utilize the secondary raw materials. The mix was optimized by additions improving chemical resistance and binder substituted by secondary raw materials. The binder was substituted by finely ground waste glass and high-temperature fly ash. Filler was substituted with slag from deposit yard and waste sand with soluble glass from steel manufacture. Main observed properties for design of optimized mix were workability time, consistence and physical-mechanical properties. Optimized mix-design successfully replaced all fine parts of filler and up to 30% of binder while the physical-mechanical properties were preserved or even enhanced. Optimized mix-designs show the same consistencies and workability times.

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Hu, Sheng, Fujie Zhou, and Thomas Scullion. "Factors that Affect Cracking Performance in Hot-Mix Asphalt Mix Design." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2210, no. 1 (January 2011): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2210-05.

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Dinis-Almeida, Marisa, João Castro-Gomes, and Maria de Lurdes Antunes. "Mix design considerations for warm mix recycled asphalt with bitumen emulsion." Construction and Building Materials 28, no. 1 (March 2012): 687–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.10.053.

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James, Robert S., L. Allen Cooley, and Shane Buchanan. "Development of Mix Design Criteria for 4.75-mm Superpave® Mixes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819b-16.

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The Superpave® mix design system includes design criteria for a range of mixes with nominal maximum aggregate sizes (NMASs) between 9.5 and 37.5 mm. Many agencies in the United States have expressed an interest in using a 4.75-mm NMAS mix. Such a mix could provide benefits; that is, it should provide a very smooth riding surface, could be used for thin lift applications, could correct surface defects (leveling), could decrease construction time, could provide a use for manufactured screening stockpiles, and could provide a very economical surface mix for facilities with low traffic volumes. A study was done to establish the standard mix design criteria needed for 4.75-mm mixes. On the basis of the findings of the study, the recommended Superpave mix design criteria include a specified gradation control of 30% to 54% passing on the 1.18-mm (No. 16) sieve and 6% to 12% passing the 0.075-mm (No. 200) sieve. During design, the following were recommended: a design air void content of 4%, minimum voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) of 16% for all traffic levels, maximum VMA of 18% for mix designs with more than 75 gyrations, voids filled with asphalt (VFA) of 75% to 78% for mix designs with 75 gyrations and above, and VFA of 75% to 80% for mix designs with 50 gyrations. The results of the study showed that 4.75-mm NMAS mixes can be successfully designed. These types of mixes should provide economical mixes for low-volume roadways.

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YAMASHINA, Hajime, Kazuo MATSUNIOTO, Keiji MITSCYUKI, and Kenjiro OKAMURA. "Modeling mix flexibility for FMS design." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 53, no. 7 (1987): 1080–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.53.1080.

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Khalid A. Zakaria, Dr, and Mohammad Hatem Mohammad. "Graphical Method of Concrete Mix Design." AL-Rafdain Engineering Journal (AREJ) 19, no. 3 (June 28, 2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2011.26991.

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Laskar, Aminul Islam. "Mix design of high-performance concrete." Materials Research 14, no. 4 (November 21, 2011): 429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-14392011005000088.

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Nunes, Sandra, Paula Milheiro-Oliveira, Joana Sousa Coutinho, and Joaquim Figueiras. "Robust SCC Mixes through Mix Design." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 25, no. 2 (February 2013): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0000592.

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Wu, Xianhu, Lingling Gao, and Shoujun Du. "Mix Proportion Design of Asphalt Concrete." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 275 (December 2017): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/275/1/012019.

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Amin, Jawadul, Rahul Acharjee, Mariya Hossain, Ahanaf Tahmid, and Sharmin Reza Chowdhury. "FACTORS AFFECTING MIX DESIGN OF CONCRETE." Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 2 (July 27, 2022): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjce.v34.18311.

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Concrete is a low-maintenance composite material that is primarily composed of cementitious material, water and gravel. It is often used construction material not only in Bangladesh but also across the world. The design of the concrete mix is a critical determinant of the qualities of the concrete. The fundamental ideas and comparative research of certain prominent concrete mix design methods from a qualitative perspective are presented in this work. Two types of concrete mix designs are used which are ACI 211.1-91 (2002) Standard and British Standard (1997) in this paper. Several factors have been determined in this study to choose between the ACI and British Standard. These approaches rely heavily on graphs, tables and bar charts with arbitrary values. The nominal maximum size of coarse aggregate, water to cement ratio (w/c), slump value and the % passing of fine aggregates are used here to change the amount of materials. Differentiating between these strategies allows for a better understanding of the impacts of variables. The ACI and British Standard have been used to compare how the w/c, fine aggregate to cement ratio (FA/C), total aggregate to cement ratio (TA/C) and fine aggregate to total aggregate ratio (FA/TA) are different for various strengths. The following study is expected to pave the path of concrete performance via extensive research on different suggested design factors.

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Heijmans, Ad. "The Right Mix." Mechanical Engineering 131, no. 03 (March 1, 2009): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2009-mar-5.

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This review explores the use of computation fluid dynamics (CFD) tools embedded in its computer-aided design (CAD) software to create a right mix of gas and air for a wide range of applications. The new tools provide the ability to evaluate the performance of many potential alternatives in the initial stages of the design process. Early stage analysis makes it possible to improve the performance of the product and resolve design problems quickly and before large sums have been spent on a design that must be changed. The review also discusses that several best practices can help ensure the accuracy of CFD gas and air mixing simulation. The utilization of native 3D data places a premium on the quality of the solid model. The newest generation of CFD software contains sophisticated automatic control functions that make it possible to converge to a solution in almost every application without the need for manual tuning. CFD simulation in the preliminary stages in the design of products involving gas mixing can save time and money. Best practices tuned for the requirements of a particular industry can help design engineers avoid analysis mistakes.

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Wu, Rongzong, John Harvey, Jeffery Buscheck, and Angel Mateos. "Development and Demonstration of Hot Mix Asphalt Design Guidance for Mix Performance-Related Specifications." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 2 (February 2019): 379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119826082.

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As they adopt mechanistic-empirical (ME) methods for flexible pavement design, road agencies are starting to incorporate performance-related specifications (PRS) for hot mix asphalt materials to assure that the as-built materials meet the performance requirements assumed in the pavement structural design. PRS pose new challenges for materials producers and contractors who have never had to relate volumetric mix design parameters to performance requirements such as fatigue life and rutting resistance. The objective of this paper is to describe the development of guidance for materials producers and contractors to support their decision making with regard to changes to mix designs to meet PRS requirements. The guidance was first developed based on known experience. To validate the guidance and demonstrate its usage, a production mix meeting Superpave volumetric requirements for California state highways was selected as the starting point for a set of adjustments applied to the mix. The effects of each adjustment were evaluated by conducting laboratory tests to determine mechanistic performance parameters used in structural design. The mechanistic performance parameters evaluated in this study include stiffness, fatigue resistance, and rutting resistance. The initial experience-based mix design guidance was found to be generally consistent with the laboratory test results for the example mix, albeit with some minor exceptions. The mix design guidance was then revised based on findings from this study. It is recommended that the revised guidance be used as non-mandatory advisory information for projects with PRS and that it be further improved with more results.

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Guler, Murat. "Effects of Mix Design Variables on Mechanical Properties of Hot Mix Asphalt." Journal of Transportation Engineering 134, no. 3 (March 2008): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(2008)134:3(128).

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Yin, Fan, Amy Epps Martin, and Edith Arámbula-Mercado. "Warm-Mix Asphalt Moisture Susceptibility Evaluation for Mix Design and Quality Assurance." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2575, no. 1 (January 2016): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2575-05.

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Bressi, Sara, A. G. Dumont, and M. N. Partl. "An advanced methodology for the mix design optimization of hot mix asphalt." Materials & Design 98 (May 2016): 174–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.03.003.

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Lee, Sangyum, Cheolmin Baek, and Je-Jin Park. "Performance-based mix design of unmodified and lime-modified hot mix asphalt." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 39, no. 7 (July 2012): 824–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l2012-067.

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This paper presents the performance evaluation of unmodified and lime-modified hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures at varying asphalt content using asphalt mixture performance test developed from National Cooperative Highway Research Program project 9-19 and 9-29 and the viscoelastic continuum damage finite element analysis. Test methods adopted in this study are the dynamic modulus test for stiffness, the triaxial repeated load permanent deformation test for rutting, and the direct tension test for fatigue cracking. The findings from this study support conventional understanding of the effects of asphalt content and lime modification on the fatigue cracking and rutting performance. Finally, the optimum asphalt content for both lime-modified and unmodified mixtures are proposed based on the knowledge gleaned from the performance-based mix design methodology. With additional validation and calibration, the comprehensive methodology described in this paper may serve as the foundation for a performance-based HMA mix design and performance-related HMA specifications.

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Buchanan, M. Shane, and Thomas D. White. "Hot Mix Asphalt Mix Design Evaluation Using the Corelok Vacuum-Sealing Device." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 17, no. 2 (April 2005): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2005)17:2(137).

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Dave, Shemal V., and Ankur Bhogayata. "The strength oriented mix design for geopolymer concrete using Taguchi method and Indian concrete mix design code." Construction and Building Materials 262 (November 2020): 120853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120853.

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Alghamdi, Saleh J. "Classifying High Strength Concrete Mix Design Methods Using Decision Trees." Materials 15, no. 5 (March 6, 2022): 1950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051950.

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Concrete mix design methods are used to determine proportions of concrete ingredients needed for certain workability and strength. Each mix design method operates under certain assumptions and suggests slightly different proportions. It is of great importance that site/construction engineers know the method by which the mix was designed. However, it can be difficult to know the designing method based solely on mix proportions. Hence, in this work, a decision trees model was used to classify high strength concrete mix design methods based on their produced concrete mix proportions. It was found that the trained decision tree model is capable of classifying mix design methods with high accuracy. Further, based on dimensionality reduction methods, the amount of cement in a concrete mix was found to be the paramount predictor of the used mix design method. In this work, a novel high-accuracy model for determining a mix design method based only on mix proportion is proposed.

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Kumar, Vikas, Erdem Coleri, Ihsan Obaid, Anda Ligia Belc, and Alex James Sutherland. "Selection of Durable, Environmentally Friendly, and Cost-Effective Asphalt Mixtures." Materials 15, no. 14 (July 13, 2022): 4873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15144873.

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In recent years, due to the advent of several additives and innovations, asphalt mix design has become more complex. The mixes meeting the volumetric mix design requirements may still fail prematurely in the field. Thus, a transition from a simplistic volumetric-based mix design to a performance-based mix design is required, which was also envisioned in the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) and Superpave mix design. In addition to performance verification, asphalt mix designs should also be evaluated for the life-cycle costs and environmental impact to encourage durable as well as sustainable and cost-effective alternatives. In this study, three asphalt mixtures with different reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) contents and additives were evaluated for cracking and rutting performance by using different performance thresholds for asphalt mixtures that are generally used in the construction of high-volume roads in Oregon. A balanced mix design process was followed to determine the required binder content for the three mixtures. Based on the life cycle cost and environmental impact analyses, the mixture with warm mix additive (WMA) was selected as the most economically and environmentally viable asphalt mixture to be used for construction in Oregon.

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Wang, Chun, Pei Wen Hao, Rui Xia Li, and Qing Zhang. "Study on Design Method of Warm Mix Asphalt." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 1813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.1813.

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The paper studied on the mix design method of two different warm mix asphalt adopted Marshall test and SGC(Superpave Gyratory Conpactor) test, and analysed their differences of high temperature stability, low temperature cracking resistance performance. The results show that, for different types of warm mix asphalt, it should be taken a different test method to design. It was recommended that the design of warm mix asphalt based on surface activity agent should use Marshall method, and warm mix asphalt with the addition of organic agent should use SGC method.

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Anderson, R. Michael, and Hussain U. Bahia. "Evaluation and Selection of Aggregate Gradations for Asphalt Mixtures Using Superpave." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1583, no. 1 (January 1997): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1583-11.

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The design of asphalt mixtures is a complex process that requires the proper proportioning of materials to satisfy mixture volumetric and mechanical properties. The majority of time spent in the mix design process is used in evaluating and selecting aggregate gradations to meet project requirements. The latest set of requirements for asphalt mixtures is the Superpave system, developed during the Strategic Highway Research Program. This system incorporates materials selection, evaluation of trial aggregate structures, selection of design asphalt binder content, moisture sensitivity, and, in some cases, determination of performance properties of the selected asphalt-aggregate blend. The selection of a design aggregate structure reduces to selecting an aggregate gradation that will meet minimum volumetric and densification criteria, and selecting an aggregate structure that will provide adequate resistance to permanent deformation, fatigue, and thermal cracking. In the Superpave volumetric mix design process, achieving voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) is the most difficult task facing the mix designer. One phase of this evaluation focuses on providing Guidelines to achieve VMA requirements with Superpave mix designs. This phase was accomplished by evaluating the existing database of information on Superpave mix designs at the Asphalt Institute. The second phase examines the relationship between properties determined during the Superpave volumetric mix design process, and material properties determined by mix analysis tests.

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Kondapally, Pavitra, Akhilesh Chepuri, Venkata Prasad Elluri, and B. Siva Konda Reddy. "Optimization of concrete mix design using genetic algorithms." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1086, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1086/1/012061.

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Abstract Most of the engineering construction projects of bridges, dams consume huge quantities of concrete and other materials. Economical design can be better achieved by optimising the quantities of materials without affecting functionalities of structures. Minimising the proportions or quantities of materials without affecting its functional characteristics in a concrete mix results in most cost efficient design process. This study presents the technique of optimisation of concrete mix design applying Genetic Algorithms using a developed MATLAB program. Concrete mix design was performed for different grades of concrete and water cement ratio. It is observed that the use of Genetic Algorithms resulted in economical mix by minimizing the cement content keeping the strength of concrete unaffected. The study results indicated that quantities of cement have been reduced by about 25-40 kg per cubic meter through mix design using GA technique. This resulted in about 6-10 percent reduction in quantities of cement for various cases of mix design considered in the study. Mix design performed using optimization techniques like GA proved to be efficient when compared to mix design using manual approach. Further, the models for predicting compressive strength under different proportions of materials can also be analyzed using GA approach presented in this study.

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He, Dong Qing, and Jing Ge Wang. "Orthogonal Experiment Studies on Mix Design of SFRHSC." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1944–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1944.

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Adopting orthogonal design method in the SFRHSC mix design, only a few experiments would be needed in the study on many influential factors with different level in mix design. The authors studied the SFRHSC mix design of a long-span shell construction as an example, analyzed the influential patterns of SFRHSC workability and strength with different additives. The significance of influential factors were determined by the experiment, and better mix design which meet the design and construction requirements was obtained. The approach to applying mathematic statistics in the mix design of the SFRHSC plays significant role in the material study and engineering practice. The results of experiment study can be reference to other similar projects.

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Fan, Liang, Lei Zhang, and Fu Hai Li. "Comparative Study on HPC Mix Design Methods." Advanced Materials Research 217-218 (March 2011): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.217-218.175.

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Introduction on superiority of high performance concrete (HPC), then present and compare five methods of HPC mix design in detail. Both fixed grout volume method and cement coefficient method are concentrating on the research of cementing materials. Infilled coefficient method and mix design method based on the best paste-aggregate ratio obtain the optimized sand ratio in the best voidless condition. Overall calculation method is based on the volume model, elicits formula of sand ratio and water consumption and ends the method of looking up the table for sand ratio and water content. Through the comparison of methods, we find that it's a trend that HPC mix design method can develop from semi-quantitative to quantitative, from experience to science.

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Murthy.N, Krishna. "Mix Design Procedure for Self Compacting Concrete." IOSR Journal of Engineering 02, no. 09 (September 2012): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3021-02933341.

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Sonebi, Mohammed, Mohamed Bassuoni, and Ammar Yahia. "Pervious Concrete: Mix Design, Properties and Applications." RILEM Technical Letters 1 (December 29, 2016): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2016.24.

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Current climatic changes are occurring due to various human and industrial activities. In particular, the effects of urbanisation and growing threat of global warming have likely caused increasing precipitation in many geographic regions. For many years, portland cement pervious concrete (PCPC) has been making an important contribution, as a sustainable urban drainage system (SUDS), on improving environmental conditions. This type of porous concrete can help minimizing flooding risks, recharging ground water, reducing run off and peak flows, alleviating the precipitation load on overstressed drainage systems and improving water quality by capturing pollutants. The benefits of using PCPC in order to attenuate stormwater problems are quite essential mainly in urban areas where most surfaces typically consist of relatively impervious concrete or asphalt pavements, causing elevated levels of surface runoff. In addition, PCPC can reduce the absorption of solar radiation and urban heat storage potential which can lead to temperate urban conditions, and thus protecting the environment and health and safety of living things. However, PCPC requires regular maintenance to prevent any clogging of the pores by sediments and vegetation. This article provides an overview on pervious concrete mix design, key properties, durability and applications. Also, it touches on practical and scientific challenges of PCPC.

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Gao, Li, and Rong Rong Wang. "Study on Mix-Variable Collaborative Design Optimization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 215-216 (November 2012): 592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.215-216.592.

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In order to deal with complex product design optimization problems with both discrete and continuous variables, mix-variable collaborative design optimization algorithm is put forward based on collaborative optimization, which is an efficient way to solve mix-variable design optimization problems. On the rule of “divide and rule”, the algorithm decouples the problem into some relatively simple subsystems. Then by using collaborative mechanism, the optimal solution is obtained. Finally, the result of a case shows the feasibility and effectiveness of the new algorithm.

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Zhang, Xin Hua, Sai Tian, Huai Ru Dai, Wei Lin, Zhi Chun Yao, Yun Bo Wang, Qiao Yu Kong, and Jia Wen Zhu. "Study Strength of Recycled Concrete Mix Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 1072–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.1072.

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This paper discusses waste production of recycled aggregate concrete is used as the recycled concrete, experiment with different recycled aggregate instead of natural aggregate, the ratio of recycled concrete workability and compressive strength etc performance compared with ordinary concrete, analyzing the change of the recycled aggregate replacement rate on the influence of concrete strength.

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Dell’Acqua, Gianluca, Mario De Luca, Russo Francesca, and Renato Lamberti. "Mix design with low bearing capacity materials." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 7, no. 3 (October 17, 2012): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bjrbe.2012.28.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mix design'

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