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Journal articles on the topic 'Mite production'
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Motegi, Youichi, Akihiro Morikawa, and Takayoshi Kuroume. "Influence of Environmental Mite Antigen on Anti-Mite Antibody Production in Mice." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 102, no. 1 (1993): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000236554.
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Vincent, Christopher I., M. Elena García, Donn T. Johnson, and Curt R. Rom. "Broad Mite on Primocane-fruiting Blackberry in Organic Production in Arkansas." HortTechnology 20, no. 4 (August 2010): 718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.20.4.718.
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The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) was found in association with leaf-curling symptoms on primocane-fruiting blackberry (Rubus rubus) in Arkansas in 2007–2009. Broad mite had not been previously reported on blackberry. The plots sampled in this study were part of a study comparing harvesting in the fall versus harvest in spring and fall, high tunnels versus ambient conditions, and three genotypes, all under organic production. Leaves were sampled, broad mites per leaf counted, and leaf area and trichome density measured. Results indicated that broad mite is capable of overwintering in a moderate temperate climate and that it reduces leaf area of primocane-fruiting blackberry. The fall-only harvest system had fewer broad mites than fall and spring harvest. There were a range of genotype effects on broad mite populations, including one genotype, ‘Prime-Jan®’, on which broad mite populations remained low, and one genotype, APF-46, on which mite populations grew significantly. Observations indicate that the broad mite may be a pest of ‘Prime-Ark® 45’, another primocane-fruiting cultivar.
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Addesso, Karla M., Anthony L. Witcher, and Donna C. Fare. "Swirski Mite Controlled-release Sachets as a Pest Management Tool in Container Tree Production." HortTechnology 28, no. 3 (June 2018): 391–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03934-17.
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Adoption of biological control tools in woody ornamental nursery production has lagged behind other agriculture fields. One of the major obstacles to adoption is lack of information on the efficacy of various biological control agents in nursery production systems. The predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii, sold commercially as “swirski mite,” is a generalist predatory mite that has recently been adopted as a generalist control for a wide range of mite and insect pests, including thrips (Thripidae), whiteflies (Aleyrodidae), eriophyid mites (Eriophyidae), broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus), and spider mites (Tetranychidae). A controlled-release sachet formulation of swirski mite was evaluated in three experiments to determine whether size of the tree, timing of first application, or sun intensity would affect treatment efficacy. Pest numbers on plants was evaluated biweekly for 12 weeks. The swirski mite sachets controlled broad mite and spider mite outbreaks on red maple trees (Acer rubrum) grown in nos. 3 and 15 nursery containers, respectively. Application at the time of red maple rooted cutting transplant was not necessary to achieve summer-long control of pests. No outbreaks of target pests on flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) in no. 5 containers grown under both full sun and shade, but with low levels of broad mite persisting in the shade treatment and thrips persisting in sun. These results suggest that swirski mite is a promising candidate for biological control in woody ornamental nursery production.
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Khalaf, Luaay, Wen-Po Chuang, L. M. Aguirre-Rojas, Peter Klein, and C. Michael Smith. "Differences in Aceria tosichella population responses to wheat resistance genes and wheat virus transmission." Arthropod-Plant Interactions 13, no. 6 (September 26, 2019): 807–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11829-019-09717-9.
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Abstract Severe winter wheat yield losses due to infestations of wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella Keifer, and mite-transmitted viruses occur in wheat production areas of the United States and Canada. Mite infestation alone causes stunted, chlorotic plants in susceptible wheat varieties, and mites transmit Wheat Streak Mosaic (WSMV), High Plains Wheat Mosaic (HPWMoV), and Triticum Mosaic Virus (TriMV). Wheat curl mites were collected from 25 sites in Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Texas, North Dakota, and South Dakota in 2014 and 2015. At each site, mite virulence was determined to wheat plants harboring the Cmc2-, Cmc3-, or Cmc4 mite resistance gene; or Cmc4 plus the Wsm2 WSMV resistance gene. Mites collected from 92%, 36%, and 24% of sites were virulent to susceptible Jagger wheat plants (no Cmc), Cmc2, and Cmc3, respectively. The mega-population consisting of all 25 mite sub-populations was avirulent to 80% of plants containing Cmc4 + Wsm2 or Cmc4. WSMV, HPWMoV, or TriMV was present in mites at 76%, 16%, and 8% of the 25 sites, respectively. Our results will enable breeders to increase the efficiency of wheat production by releasing wheat varieties containing wheat curl mite resistance genes that reduce wheat yield losses.
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Lara, Carlos, and Juan Francisco Ornelas. "Flower mites and nectar production in six hummingbird-pollinated plants with contrasting flower longevities." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 11 (November 1, 2002): 1216–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-109.
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Hummingbird flower mites and hummingbirds may compete intensely for the nectar secreted by their host plants. Here, we present the results from field experiments in which flower mites were excluded from flowers of six hummingbird-pollinated plants with contrasting flower longevities. Nectar measurements were taken on flowers from which mites were excluded and those without mite exclusion over their lifespans. The exclusion of mites had a significant positive effect on the amount of nectar available in plants with long-lived flowers. In contrast, nectar availability in short-lived flowers was not significantly reduced after mite exclusion. The significance of the mite-exclusion treatment was independent of floral morph and flower age. Results also suggest that the magnitude of the mite-exclusion treatment depends on the volume of nectar produced by the flower throughout its lifetime. The treatment effect was detected when nectar consumption, presumably by flower mites, exceeded 13% of the nectar produced by the flowers; nectar availability was not significantly reduced when nectar volume was < 7 µL per flower. It appears that flower mites consume proportionately more nectar in long-lived flowers than in short-lived flowers. Parasitic hummingbird flower mites seem to be preferentially taking advantage of plant-pollinator interactions in which flowers last several days and produce large volumes of nectar. The consequences of this finding concerning planthummingbirdmite interactions await further investigation. As a working hypothesis, we propose that nectar production has increased over evolutionary time not only by the selective pressures imposed by the pollinators, but also to compensate for the reduction they suffer after exploitation by nectar robbers and thieves such as flower mites.Key words: Ascidae, flower longevity, hummingbird pollination, multiple-species interactions, mutualism exploitation, nectar theft.
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Emsen, Berna, Ernesto Guzman-Novoa, and Paul G. Kelly. "Honey production of honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies with high and low Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) infestation rates in eastern Canada." Canadian Entomologist 146, no. 2 (November 12, 2013): 236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2013.68.
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AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the honey yields of groups of honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies with high and low infestation rates of the mite Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman (Acari: Varroidae). More than 150 colonies were screened for mite fall in early spring and again 16 weeks later. The 10 colonies with the lowest rates (L) and the 10 colonies with the highest rates (H) of mite population growth were selected. These 20 colonies were evaluated for mite infestation in adult bees and honey production. Adult bee infestation in the colonies of the H group was significantly higher than in the colonies of the L group. Additionally, H and L colonies differed significantly for honey production. L colonies produced 28.91 ± 2.34 kg of honey per hive versus 18.49 ± 0.77 kg for the group of H colonies. Furthermore, the mite infestation level of colonies measured as mite fall or as number of mites per 100 bees, was significantly correlated with honey production (r = −0.62, P < 0.05 and r = −0.76, P < 0.01, respectively). These results indicate that varroa mite populations significantly reduce honey yields in honey bee colonies in eastern Canada.
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Nathawibawa, A. A. Ngurah Bagus Budi, I. Nyoman Satya Kumara, and Wayan Gede Ariastina. "Analisis Produksi Energi dari Inverter pada Grid-connected PLTS 1 MWp di Desa Kayubihi Kabupaten Bangli." Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Elektro 16, no. 1 (October 10, 2016): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mite.1601.18.
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Inverter is a very important component of a grid-connected PV plant related its function to convert photovoltaic DC to be AC power. Inverter constructed from many components to support its operation so that inverter is the most complex component in a PV plant systems. 1 MWp Grid-connected Kayubihi PV Plant uses 50 units 20 kW grid-connected inverter. This research goal is to know how inverter performance also the string array position impact to energy production. Energy production analysis at Kayubihi PV Plant by mapping the energy production percentage each inverter, then choose an inverter with the highest energy production percentage as a reference to measure the other inverters performance. The analysis considers string array location which connected to the inverter too and also based on the condition of PV location. Obtained that the highest energy production is inverter 44-E5 at 17.827 kWh and the lowest is inverter 8-D3 at 8.898 kWh. The highest average energy production is inverter 44-E5 at 72,47 kWh/day, and the lowest is inverter 11-C5 at 39,26 kWh/day. The conclusion is inverter energy production is ? 75 % based on each string array optimum energy with inverter 29-B9 has the highest ? 75 % energy production percentage. Inverter merupakan komponen yang sangat penting dalam sebuah PLTS yang terhubung dengan jaringan listrik karena fungsinya untuk mengubah daya DC modul surya menjadi daya AC. Inverter dibangun dari berbagai macam komponen untuk menunjang operasinya, sehingga inverter adalah komponen paling kompleks di dalam sistem PLTS. Grid-connected PLTS 1 MWp Kayubihi menggunakan 50 unit inverter dengan kapasitas masing-masing 20 kW. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana unjuk kerja inverter serta pengaruh posisi string array terhadap produksi energi. Analisis produksi energi di PLTS Kayubihi dilakukan dengan pemetaan persentase produksi energi dari setiap inverter, kemudian memilih inverter dengan persentase produksi energi tertinggi sebagai acuan untuk menilai unjuk kerja dari 49 inverter yang lain. Analisis juga memperhatikan letak string array yang terhubung dengan inverter serta berdasarkan kondisi lingkungan di lokasi PLTS. Diperoleh bahwa produksi energi tertinggi dihasilkan oleh inverter 44-E5 sebesar 17.827 kWh dan terendah adalah inverter 8-D3 sebesar 8.898 kWh. Inverter dengan produksi energi rata-rata tertinggi adalah inverter 44-E5 sebesar 72,47 kWh/hari dan terendah adalah inverter 11-C5 sebesar 39,26 kWh/hari. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa produksi energi seluruh inverter di PLTS Kayubihi sudah ?75% berdasarkan energi optimum string array masing-masing, dengan inverter 29-B9 memiliki persentase produksi energi ? 75 % tertinggi. DOI: 10.24843/MITE.1601.18
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Meena, Narottam Kumar, Ram Pal, Rajendra Prasad Pant, and Rajendra Prasad Medhi. "Seasonal Incidence of Mite and Infuence of Pesticidal Application on Orchid Flower Production." Journal of Plant Protection Research 53, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jppr-2013-0018.
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Abstract Investigations were carried out in 2010 to determine the influence of abiotic factors on the incidence of the two spotted spider mite; Tetranychus urticae Koch and to determine the influence of pesticides on orchid flower production. Initially, in January, the mite population was very low (1.0 mite/10 cm2 leaf area). The population gradually increased and peaked to 22.98 mites/10 cm2 leaf area in the first fortnight of May along with the rise in temperature and sunshine. Then, the population declined to a low level of 3.43 mites/10 cm2 leaf area in the first fortnight of December. Maximum and minimum temperatures had a significant positive correlation and sunshine had a non-significant positive correlation, whereas relative humidity and rainfall had a non-significant negative correlation with the mite population. Infestation of the two spotted spider mite was more severe in untreated conditions in comparison to the treated ones. The difference was due to various abiotic factors and natural pest infestation occurrence which drastically affected the flower quality and yield. In unprotected conditions, the number of flower spikes/plant (1.90±0.44 spikes), number of flowers/spike (7.35±1.04 flowers), spike length (42.59±5.69 cm), flower spike diameter (5.26±0.66 mm), and flower size (6.27±0.86 cm) was very low. In protected conditions, flower quality and yield were superior than in unprotected conditions i.e. number of flower spike/plant (2.92±0.57 spikes), number of flowers/spike (11.78±1.16 flowers), spike length (57.59±7.35 cm), diameter of flower spikes (9.09±1.01 mm), and flower size (6.73±1.16 cm).
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YAN, YI, SHUO ZHANG, MENGLEI CHEN, and LIXIA XIE. "Effects of flour mites feeding on powders of two insects and yeast on the life parameters of Stratiolaelaps scimitus." Zoosymposia 22 (November 30, 2022): 277–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.22.1.175.
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Stratiolaelaps scimitus is a polyphagous and soil-dwelling predatory mite that has been commercialized and widely used to control small pest insects and mites (Knapp et al. 2018; Xie et al. 2018). This mite can prey on acaroid mites (Park et al. 2021), thrips pupae (Zhang 2019), fungus gnat (Enkegaard et al. 1997), Drosophila eggs or larvae (Wang 2010) and bee mites (Rondeau et al. 2019) etc. As a kind of natural enemy with great potential, its artificial mass-production is very important, and large-scale population breeding of this mite is the premise of its commercial production and application. The nutritional level of substitute prey or diets is closely related to the growth, development and reproduction of predatory mites (Zhang et al. 2020; 2021). Therefore, the reproductive capacity and biological characteristics of predatory mites can be improved by improving the nutritional level of substitute prey or diets.
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Karlik, J. F., P. B. Goodell, and G. W. Osteen. "Sampling and Treatment Thresholds for Spider Mite Management in Field-grown Rose Plants." HortScience 30, no. 6 (October 1995): 1268–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.6.1268.
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Spider mites [including Tetranychus pacificus McGregor (Pacific mite) and T. turkestani Ugarov & Nikolski (strawberry mite)] are the most important invertebrate pests of the roses (Rosa hybrida) grown in Kern County, Calif. (the major production area in the United States). However, sampling methods and treatment thresholds have been subjective. A rapid presence–absence field sampling method has been developed, and treatment thresholds for mites have been evaluated based on the method. Roses exhibit a higher tolerance for spider mite populations than previously thought.
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Torres, Eduardo, Carlos Álvarez-Acosta, Modesto del Pino, María Eva Wong, Juan Ramón Boyero, Estrella Hernández-Suárez, and José Miguel Vela. "Economic Impact of the Persea Mite in Spanish Avocado Crops." Agronomy 13, no. 3 (February 24, 2023): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030668.
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The Persea mite, Oligonychus perseae Tuttle, Baker & Abbatiello (Acari: Tetranychidae), is an economically important foliar pest of avocados in Spain. The effects of this mite on the foliar damage, production losses and economic impact were assessed in two avocado, cv. Hass, orchards located in the main growing areas of Spain (Northern Tenerife and Málaga) for 3 and 5 consecutive years, respectively. The economic injury level (EIL) for the optimization of the use of acaricides to control this mite was also established, considering three spraying strategies: (i) mite-free treatment (<50 mites per leaf), (ii) conventional treatment (50–150 mites per leaf), and (iii) control treatment (the absence of spraying). Persea mite populations were sampled fortnightly and foliar damage was estimated. At the end of each season, fruits were harvested, weighed and production losses were quantified. The cumulate mite-days (CMDs) had a significant effect on the percentage of leaf area damaged (PLAD) and yield reduction. High numbers of the Persea mite caused extensive damage to leaves, so a loss in tree yield was evident. However, for the middle population level, there was no evidence of yield losses. The quantitative EIL was estimated at a PLAD of 17%, equivalent to a CMDs of 178 mites per leaf, which is the amount of damage that should not be exceeded. In Northern Tenerife, with a mild climate, the Persea mite can reach significant populations that are maintained throughout the months. In avocado orchards in Málaga, the summer is hotter and drier, so the presence of the mite exists for a shorter duration in the seasons, with less damage to the leaves. In Tenerife, yield loss can be compensated by chemical treatments that permit pest control.
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Murakami, Ikuo, Ran Zhang, Masayuki Kubo, Kenjiro Nagaoka, Eri Eguchi, and Keiki Ogino. "Rebamipide suppresses mite-induced asthmatic responses in NC/Nga mice." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 309, no. 8 (October 15, 2015): L872—L878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00194.2015.
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Allergic asthma caused by continuous allergen exposure evokes allergen-specific Th2 responses and is characterized by chronic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. A previous report showed that rebamipide improved asthmatic symptoms in an ovalbumin/trypsin mice model. However, it is still unclear how rebamipide exerts its effects in asthma. In this study, rebamipide improved the asthmatic responses induced by mite exposure in NC/Nga mice, revealing the mechanism of this therapeutic effect. Rebamipide suppressed the infiltration of eosinophils into the airways and lung as well as attenuating the production of reactive oxygen species in tissues. In addition to these anti-inflammatory effects, rebamipide inhibited the production of IL-33, a member of the IL-1 family that drives the subsequent production of Th2-associated cytokines. These observations identify the point where rebamipide exerts its suppressive action on asthma and suggest that rebamipide has therapeutic potential in preventing mite-induced asthma.
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Clotuche, Gwendoline, Anne-Catherine Mailleux, Jean-Louis Deneubourg, Guillaume Jean Le Goff, Thierry Hance, and Claire Detrain. "Group effect on fertility, survival and silk production in the web spinner Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) during colony foundation." Behaviour 147, no. 9 (2010): 1169–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/000579510x510980.
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AbstractIn many vertebrates and invertebrates, individuals reared in isolation show biological modifications compared with those reared in groups of two of more. The spider mite Tetranychus urticae is characterised by a communal organization and displays some forms of cooperative behaviour (aggregation and common web spinning). To evaluate the potential fitness cost or gain of group living, we investigated the effect of being in group on life history parameters (silk production, fecundity, death rate, feeding rate). In this respect, virgin single females and grouped females (two to six individuals) were compared every day for 5 days. Grouped mites produced significantly more web/mite per day (since the second day of experiment) and more eggs/mite per day (since the fourth day of experiment) than single mites. Moreover, single mites had a higher death rate than mites living in groups. However, no difference was found concerning feeding rate. We assume that mites could benefit from the web production of other individuals and invested resources in other activities such as egg production. We showed that these group effects already exist in small groups. In natural conditions with a higher group size, the impact of group living might be stronger for the dynamics of T. urticae populations and the colony foundation.
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Mutisya, Daniel, E. Banhawy, and Evelyn Cheramgoi. "Positive Yield Impact of Predacious Mites in Tea Production Areas of Kenya." Sustainable Agriculture Research 7, no. 3 (April 26, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v7n3p1.
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Tea agro ecosystems are least disturbed in comparison to other crop systems due to the plant canopy type. A survey on predacious mites’ abundance and impact on leaf yield in different tea production areas was carried out in 2014-2015 in Kenya. Major pest species were the red spider mite Oligonychus coffeae and the yellow thrip, Scirtothrips dorsalis. The red crevice mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis was found in few areas and in low numbers. Predacious mites of Phytoseiidae Family were highest at 5.8 and 6.8 mites per sample during dry and wet seasons, respectively. Phytoseiid abundance during the dry and wet seasons did not differ much within most sample sites. Presence of phytoseiid mites in combination with NPK-fertilizer-high altitude led to the strongest correlation to leaf yield than any other combination variable. High phytoseiid density- high altitude was third with positive impact to yield increase after high altitude combined with NPK-fertilizer. The findings here show contributory positive impact of phytoseiids in tea leaf yield in an agro eco-system.
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Buttachon, Suradet, Siwaret Arikit, Wirawan Nuchchanart, Thanapol Puangmalee, Tidapa Duanchay, Nattaya Jampameung, and Sunisa Sanguansub. "Geometric Morphometric Analysis and Molecular Identification of Coconut Mite, Aceria guerreronis Keifer (Acari: Eriophyidae) Collected from Thailand." Insects 13, no. 11 (November 5, 2022): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13111022.
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One of the most impactful pests in several coconut production regions across the world is the coconut mite, Aceria guerreronis Keifer. Scholars can obtain some necessary biogeographic information about coconut mites from studies that explore the geographic patterns of morphological variations and molecular properties among coconut mite populations from various locales. To investigate the geographical origin, ancestral host associations, and colonization history of the mite in Thailand, we obtained DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial (16s and COI) and one nuclear region (ITS) from coconut mite samples originating from 25 populations; additionally, we analyzed the morphological variations in the prodorsal shield and the coxigenital and ventral regions of the mite idiosoma. From the results of experiments using both identification methods, we identified the mite as the coconut mite, A. guerreronis (Acari: Eriophyidae). According to the phylogenetic analysis results of the 25 mite samples, we classified the mites as being closely related to mites found by the authors of a previous report in India. We are the first to report the results of a geometric morphometric analysis and molecular identification of A. guerreronis in Thailand, and our findings support the idea that the mites’ origin and invasion history are not well documented, which makes it difficult to apply quarantine procedures and search for biological pest control agents.
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INAGAKI, NAOKI, NOBUO TSURUOKA, SHOICHI GOTO, TOSHIFUMI MATSUYAMA, MICHIO DAIKOKU, HIROICHI NAGAI, and AKIHIDE KODA. "Immunoglobulin E antibody production against house dust mite, Dermatophagoides farinae, in mice." Journal of Pharmacobio-Dynamics 8, no. 11 (1985): 958–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb1978.8.958.
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Zhang, Yuanyuan, Harro J. Bouwmeester, and Iris F. Kappers. "Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis identifies defence responses in spider mite-infested pepper (Capsicum annuum)." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 1 (September 26, 2019): 330–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz422.
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Abstract Plants regulate responses towards herbivory through fine-tuning of defence-related hormone production, expression of defence genes, and production of secondary metabolites. Jasmonic acid (JA) plays a key role in plant–herbivorous arthropod interactions. To understand how pepper (Capsicum annuum) responds to herbivory, leaf transcriptomes and metabolomes of two genotypes different in their susceptibility to spider mites were studied. Mites induced both JA and salicylic acid (SA) signalling. However, mite infestation and exogenous JA resulted in distinct transcriptome profiles. Compared with JA, mites induced fewer differentially expressed genes involved in metabolic processes (except for genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway) and lipid metabolic processes. Furthermore, pathogen-related defence responses including WRKY transcription factors were more strongly induced upon mite infestation, probably as a result of induced SA signalling. Untargeted analysis of secondary metabolites confirmed that JA treatment induced larger changes in metabolism than spider mite infestation, resulting in higher terpenoid and flavonoid production. The more resistant genotype exhibited a larger increase in endogenous JA and volatile and non-volatile secondary metabolites upon infestation, which could explain its stronger defence. Reasoning that in JA–SA antagonizing crosstalk, SA defences are prioritized over JA defences, we hypothesize that lack of SA-mediated repression of JA-induced defences could result in gain of resistance towards spider mites in pepper.
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Vibija, C. P., and Ramani Neravathu. "Injurious status of Schizotetranychus schizopus (Zacher, 1913) (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Indian Thorny Bamboo." Systematic and Applied Acarology 26, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.26.2.2.
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Spider mites, especially members of Schizotetranychus represent a common and dominant group of bamboo pests, enjoying worldwide distribution. The present paper highlights the feeding attributes of a notorious species of bamboo spider mite, viz. Schizotetranychus schizopus (Zacher, 1913) infesting the Indian Thorny Bamboo, Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss. Observations on feeding behavior of the mite were completed in the laboratory by collecting mite specimens from infested leaves of bamboo plants grown in Calicut University Botanical Garden. The species showed initial colonization on the abaxial surface of bamboo leaves, adjacent to the midrib and feeding activity of the members of the colony resulted in the development of damage symptoms like chlorotic spots, white patches, yellowing etc. Comparative analysis of the biochemical constituents of mite infested and uninfested leaves of B. bambos revealed significant alterations. Mite infested bamboo leaves presented significantly reduced values of chlorophyll fluorescence (30.10% loss in Fv/Fm ratio) thereby indicating a decline of photosynthetic efficiency. Significant reduction in total carbohydrate (58.87%) and total protein (21.02%) contents also could be accounted in mite infested leaves. Meanwhile, mite infestation was found to enhance the production of stress compounds such as Total Phenol (22.86%) and Proline (69.05%). An increase in the uptake of micro and macronutrients like Potassium (18.87%), Calcium (36.66%), Copper (48.76%) and Zinc (19.62%) was also observed in mite infested leaves. Despite this, the uptake of nutrients such as Phosphorus (8.22%), Magnesium (3.55%), Sulphur (1.54%), Iron (11.46%), Manganese (13.64%) and Boron (30.09%) significantly decreased owing to mite infestation. Significant decrease in moisture content also was evident in the mite infested bamboo leaves. The results of the study helped to evidence the biotic stress induced by the mite on its bamboo host, by promoting enhanced production of Total Phenol, Proline, Potassium, Calcium, Copper and Zinc which would play a substantial role in the defense mechanism of the plant.
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Wright, Steven. "Mighty Mite." Mechanical Engineering 134, no. 01 (January 1, 2012): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2012-jan-4.
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This article presents an overview of a turbine that uses supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) to deliver great power. At around 73 atmospheres and roughly room temperature, CO2 makes a strange transition from a gas to a state known as a supercritical fluid. A supercritical fluid is dense, like a liquid, but it expands to fill a volume the way a gas does. These properties make supercritical CO2 an incredibly tantalizing working fluid for Brayton cycle gas turbines. Such gas turbine systems promise an increased thermal-to-electric conversion efficiency of 50% over conventional gas turbines. The system is also very small and simple, meaning that capital costs should be relatively low. The plant uses standard materials like chrome-based steel alloys, stainless steels, or nickel-based alloys at high temperatures (up to 800°C). It can also be used with all heat sources, opening up a wide array of previously unavailable markets for power production. For these reasons, the technology is quite promising.
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Matsuse, Hiroto, Hiroko Hirose, Susumu Fukahori, Tomoko Tsuchida, Shinya Tomari, Tetsuya Kawano, Chizu Fukushima, and Shigeru Kohno. "Regulation of Dendritic Cell Functions against Harmful Respiratory Pathogens by a Cysteinyl Leukotrienes Receptor Antagonist." Allergy & Rhinology 3, no. 1 (January 2012): ar.2012.3.0021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ar.2012.3.0021.
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Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) is a widely used medicine for asthma. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are involved in the regulation of dendritic cell (DC) function. However, the effects of LTRA on DC-related antimicrobial immunity against harmful respiratory pathogens remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of LTRA administered in vivo on DC function against representative respiratory pathogens in vitro. Pulmonary DCs were isolated from four groups of mice: control, mite allergen sensitized (AS), and AS mice treated with the corticosteroid dexamethasone (Dex) or with the LTRA pranlukast (Prl). These DCs were incubated with mite allergen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Aspergillus fumigatus, or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). IL-10 and IL-12 production was then determined. Dex treatment significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IL-10 and IL-12 production as well as baseline IL-12 production in AS mice. The Prl did not significantly inhibit LPS-induced IL-10 and IL-12 production in AS mice. More importantly, Prl significantly increased IL-10 and IL-12 in AS mice after RSV infection. This study shows that LTRA that is used for asthma potentially up-regulates antimicrobial immunity through modulation of DC function against some respiratory infections without immunosuppression.
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McMechan, Anthony J., Satyanarayana Tatineni, Roy French, and Gary L. Hein. "Differential Transmission of Triticum mosaic virus by Wheat Curl Mite Populations Collected in the Great Plains." Plant Disease 98, no. 6 (June 2014): 806–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-13-0582-re.
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Wheat is an important food grain worldwide and the primary dryland crop in the western Great Plains. A complex of three wheat curl mite (WCM)-transmitted viruses (Wheat streak mosaic virus, High plains virus, and Triticum mosaic virus [TriMV]) is a cause of serious loss in winter wheat production in the Great Plains. TriMV was first reported in Kansas in 2006 and later found in most other Great Plains states. Currently, three populations of WCM have been identified by genetic characterization and differential responses to mite resistance genes in wheat. In this study, we examined TriMV transmission by these three WCM populations: ‘Nebraska’ (NE), ‘Montana’ (MT), and ‘South Dakota’ (SD). Mite transmission using single-mite transfers revealed that the NE WCM population transmitted TriMV at 41%, while the MT and SD WCM populations failed to transmit TriMV. In multi-mite transfers, the NE WCM population transmitted TriMV at 100% level compared with 2.5% transmission by MT and SD WCM populations. Interestingly, NE mites transferred during the quiescent stages following the first and second instar transmitted TriMV at a 39 to 40% rate, suggesting that immature mites were able to acquire the virus and maintain it through molting. In addition, mite survival for single-mite transfers was significantly lower for NE mites when transferred from TriMV-inoculated source plants (60%) compared with mock-inoculated source plants (84%). This demonstrates potentially negative effects on WCM survival from TriMV. TriMV transmission differences demonstrated in this study underscore the importance of identification of mite genotypes for future studies with TriMV.
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LIU, JIAN-FENG, and ZHI-QIANG ZHANG. "A survey of descriptions of immature instars of mites during the last three years." Zootaxa 4540, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4540.1.13.
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Immature instars of mites can provide valuable information for understanding mite taxonomy and evolution. However, most taxonomists described only adults and rarely did they also describe immature stages and the ontogenetic sequence. For example, only about 8% of the known oribatid mites (excluding Astigmata) have one or more juvenile instars described (Norton & Ermilov 2014). Since then we noted rapid increase of papers on the ontogeny of oribatid mites as well as other mites in Systematic and Applied Acarology during our editing and production process. The purpose of this paper is to provide a survey of descriptions of immature instars of mites during the last three years (2015–2017). We follow our previous methods in sampling most important journals in mite systematics (Liu et al. 2013; Liu & Zhang 2016; Li & Zhang 2016; Wei & Zhang 2016; Liu et al. 2017), while expanding the scope further to include more journals that publish a significant amount of mite taxonomic papers.
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Dunn, J. A., B. B. Thind, C. Danks, and J. Chambers. "Rapid method for the detection of storage mites in cereals: feasibility of an ELISA based approach." Bulletin of Entomological Research 98, no. 2 (February 18, 2008): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485308005634.
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AbstractThis paper describes the development of rapid immunodiagnostic tests for the detection of storage mite infestations in cereals and cereal products. The study's first phase (proof of concept) involved the production of a species-specific enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) for the flour mite, Acarus siro (L.), a major pest of stored commodities. The specificity of this new assay was assessed against key stored product contaminants (13 species of mites of which three were predatory, five species of insects and five species of fungi) in the presence and absence of grain. The assay was species-specific (no cross-reactivity to other storage contaminants) and was unaffected by the presence of cereal antigens in the extract. In the study's second phase, species- and genera-specific ELISAs were developed for a range of key storage mite pests: the cosmopolitan food mite (Lepidoglyphus destructor), the grocers' itch mite (Glycyphagus domesticus), the grainstack mite (Tyrophagus longior), mites of the Tyrophagus and Glycyphagus generas, and all storage mites. All tests were demonstrably specific to target species or genera, with no cross-reactions observed to other storage pest contaminants or cereals. The final, validation phase, involved a comparative assessment of the species-specific A. siro and the genus-specific Tyrophagus ELISAs with the flotation technique using laboratory and field samples. Both ELISAs were quantitative (0–30 mites per 10 g wheat) and produced good comparative data with the flotation technique (A. siro r2=0.91, Tyrophagus spp. r2=0.99).
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Sarjan, M., and Handri. "Morphological characters and distribution of mites in strobery plant (Fragaria Vesca L.) in high land Sembalun." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1107, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1107/1/012121.
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Abstract Pest mites are reported to attack strawberries in vegetative to generative stages. But not much information is available regarding the types of pest mites and predators associated with strawberries in the Sembalun area This study aims to determine the morphological character and distribution of pest mite species on strawberry plants in the Sembalun area. This research has been carried out from November 2017 to February 2018 in two central strawberry production villages namely Sembalun Bumbung and Sembalun Lawang, Sembalun District, East Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province. The method used in this research is descriptive method with survey techniques and data collection in the field. Two species of pest mites were found, namely Brevipalpus phoenicis Geijskes and Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida with an average population of 0.9 ± 2.9 mites / plants. The dominance index and the highest abundance are Tetranychus kanzawai valued at 0.875 and 93.55%. Pest mite population distribution is quite even, where both mite species are found at each sampling location.
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Okubo, Yoshio, Mahboob Hossain, and Morie Sekiguchi. "Cytokine Production in Patients with Mite-Sensitive Bronchial Asthma." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 104, no. 1 (1994): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000236750.
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RODRIGUES, JOSE CARLOS VERLE, and STEVEN E. MASSEY. "The advent of the mite omics era and integration of multiple technological approaches to mite control." Zoosymposia 22 (November 30, 2022): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.22.1.14.
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Current food production involves not just the fundamental need to provide calories and proteins but full nutrition status under specific safety standards. Vegetable production, especially tomatoes, grown under highly intensive conditions and with cosmetic quality standards are exceedingly targeted by and susceptible to pests. Mites are mostly diminutive in size. Their widespread distribution and invasiveness (as new species) are often neglected, and they are commonly mistaken for similar known species, compounded by a limited understanding of their diverse biology and multitrophic interactions, resulting in pronounced crop losses due to late action.
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Ortiz-Lemus, José F., Sonia Campoy, Librada M. Cañedo, Paloma Liras, and Juan F. Martín. "Purification and Chemical Characterization of a Potent Acaricide and a Closely Related Inactive Metabolite Produced by Eurotium rubrum C47." Antibiotics 9, no. 12 (December 9, 2020): 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120881.
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Mites are arthropods and some of them infest dry meat cured products and produce allergic reactions. Some mites, such as Tyrolichus casei, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, or Tyrophagus longior feed on filamentous fungi that grow during the meat curing process. Removal of mite infestation of meat products is extremely difficult and there are no adequate miticidal compounds. The filamentous fungus Eurotium rubrum growing on the surface of ham is able to exert a biocontrol of the population of mites due to the production of miticidal compound(s). We have purified two compounds by silica gel chromatography, gel filtration, semipreparative and analytical HPLC and determined their miticidal activity against T. casei using a mite feeding assay. Mass spectrometry and NMR analysis showed that these two compounds are prenylated salicilyl aldehydes with a C-7 alkyl chain differing in a double bond in the C-7 alkyl chain. Structures correspond to those of flavoglaucin and aspergin. Pure flavoglaucin has a miticidal activity resulting in more than 90% mite mortality whereas aspergin does not affect the mites. Both compounds were formed simultaneously by E. rubrum C47 cultures in different media suggesting that they are synthesized by the same pathway. Production of both compounds was higher in solid culture media and the products were associated with abundant formation of cleistothecia. In liquid cultures both compounds remained mainly cell-associated and only about 10% of the total compounds was released to the culture broth. This miticidal compound may be used to combat efficiently mite infestation in different habitats. These results, will promote further advances on the utilization of flavoglaucin in food preservation and in human health since this compound has antitumor activity.
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Rezende, Leandro do Carmo, Lucas Maciel Cunha, Cristina Mara Teixeira, Paulo Roberto de Oliveira, and Nelson Rodrigo da Silva Martins. "Mites affecting hen egg production: some considerations for Brazilian farms." Ciência Rural 43, no. 7 (June 25, 2013): 1230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782013005000088.
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The poultry industry is characterized for its constant search for productivity and profitability, which are based on flock health status. Brazilian Commercial laying hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) have been impacted significantly by mite infestations. This review aims to compile the literature on the occurrence, economic losses, biology, epidemiology and control of mite species considered important for the Brazilian laying poultry industry. The national experience was compared with practices of other countries and a scarcity of studies on this subject in Brazil was evident. The poultry industry has prioritized the use of pesticides to control infestations with little regard for the adverse effects. In this context, the integrated control programs using several strategies simultaneously constitute the best alternative to mite control. Integrated control programs involve measures of chemical, physical and biological nature, as well as attention to cultural aspects. However, studies should be performed aiming at the development of new control methods, evaluating the adequacy of practices developed in other countries to the national reality.
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Hu, Rei-Hsing, Chun-Wen Cheng, Chia-Ta Wu, Jiunn-Liang Ko, Ko-Huang Lue, and Yu-Fan Liu. "Integrated OMICs Approach for the Group 1 Protease Mite-Allergen of House Dust Mite Dermatophagoides microceras." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7 (March 30, 2022): 3810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073810.
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House dust mites (HDMs) are one of the most important allergy-causing agents of asthma. In central Taiwan, the prevalence of sensitization to Dermatophagoides microceras (Der m), a particular mite species of HDMs, is approximately 80% and is related to the IgE crossing reactivity of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f). Integrated OMICs examination was used to identify and characterize the specific group 1 mite-allergic component (Der m 1). De novo draft genomic assembly and comparative genome analysis predicted that the full-length Der m 1 allergen gene is 321 amino acids in silico. Proteomics verified this result, and its recombinant protein production implicated the cysteine protease and α chain of fibrinogen proteolytic activity. In the sensitized mice, pathophysiological features and increased neutrophils accumulation were evident in the lung tissues and BALF with the combination of Der m 1 and 2 inhalation, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) of mice cytokines revealed that the cytokine profiles of the allergen-sensitized mice model with combined Der m 1 and 2 were similar to those with Der m 2 alone but differed from those with Der m 1 alone. Regarding the possible sensitizing roles of Der m 1 in the cells, the fibrinogen cleavage products (FCPs) derived from combined Der m 1 and Der m 2 induced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 in human bronchial epithelium cells. Der m 1 biologically functions as a cysteine protease and contributes to the α chain of fibrinogen digestion in vitro. The combination of Der m 1 and 2 could induce similar cytokines expression patterns to Der m 2 in mice, and the FCPs derived from Der m 1 has a synergistic effect with Der m 2 to induce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human bronchial epithelium cells.
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Fahl, Joel I., Rachel B. Queiroz-Voltan, Maria Luiza C. Carelli, Marlene A. Schiavinato, Ana K. S. Prado, and Júlio C. Souza. "Alterations in leaf anatomy and physiology caused by the red mite (Oligonychus ilicis) in plants of Coffea arabica." Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 19, no. 1 (March 2007): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1677-04202007000100007.
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Three degrees of red mite infestation (Oligonychus ilicis McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) were evaluated with regard to leaf anatomy, photosynthetic gas exchange and leaf ethylene production, in a commercial crop of approximately 12-year-old trees of Coffea arabica 'Catuaí Vermelho'. As a complementary study, foliar anatomy was also evaluated in a recuperated crop of C. arabica 'Mundo Novo' that had presented a high degree of red mite infestation during the dry period of the prior growing season. The red mite-infested leaves were bronze-coloured, with intensity proportional to the degree of internal damage. On feeding, the red mite introduces its stylet in the adaxial epidermis and, as a result, chloroplasts are destroyed in the feeding area. The number of chlorophyll-free cells in the palisade parenchyma was proportional to the intensity of attack by red mites. The cells of the spongy parenchyma, localized below the feeding areas of the mites, did not show any alterations, having intact chloroplasts, with the exception of some leaves that suffered from intense attack. Net photosynthesis rate declined, but only in leaves under intense red mite attack, due to destruction of chloroplasts in the attacked cells. Nevertheless, transpiration and stomatal conductance were unaffected by red mite. The concentrations of ethylene produced by the leaves were similar regardless of three levels of attack, suggesting that red mite infestation does not lead to leaf abscission. In addition, anatomical studies of 'Mundo Novo' leaves of plants that visually recovered from red mite attack showed that, even with scars present, they continued attached on the plant.
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Kabore, B. A., M. Yougbare, L. D. Dahourou, K. M. Dera, S. E. Sawadogo, A. Traore, and A. M. G. Belem. "Preliminary study on the prevalence of Varroa sp in honeybee colonies in the village of Mondon (Burkina Faso)." Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences 20, no. 2 (August 2, 2022): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sokjvs.v20i2.9.
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In Burkina Faso, beekeeping is practised throughout the country. It has many potentialities, but it faced many constraints. Sanitary constraints are less investigated and need to be elucidate for a better management of bee colonies and improvement of beekeeping. A descriptive study was conducted in Cascades region to assess the prevalence and the density of Varroa mite infestation. The method of sugar shake on adult bees was used. The overall prevalence found was 91.7% [95% CI: 83.8% - 99.5%] and the density varied from 0.3 mite/100 bees to 12.3 mites/100 bees. These results show that the Varroa mite is widespread in bee colonies and its monitoring should be considered for bee health management, which is essential for sustainable beekeeping. Advanced research is needed in a large sample area to further investigate the epidemiological aspects and the potential impact of the mite on honeybee production.
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Ma, Min, Qing-Hai Fan, and Zhi-Qiang Zhang. "An assemblage of predatory mites (Phytoseiidae) associated with a potential biocontrol agent (Cecidophyes rouhollahi; Eriophyidae) for weed Galium spurium (Rubiaceae)." Systematic and Applied Acarology 23, no. 10 (October 30, 2018): 2082. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.23.10.15.
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The weed Galium aparine L., commonly known as cleavers or goose grass, is an exotic plant in New Zealand (Webb et al. 1988; Reid 1998). Craemer et al. (1999) described a new gall mite species, Cecidophyes rouhollahi Craemer (Acari: Eriophyidae), from this weed in France and suggested that this new species might have potential as a biological control agent against G. spurium L. in Canada and western US where the weed was becoming more problematic (Malik & Vanden Born 1988; Whitson 1991). This mite species was later shown to result in severe stunting and complete prevention of seed production in a related weed G. spurium in greenhouse tests and was approved for field release against this weed in Canada (Sobhian et al. 2004). This mite species was recently reported on G. aparine from Auckland, New Zealand (Martin 2017). Mites prefer feeding on the young terminal leaves and can induce the leaf edges to roll inwards and curl (Fig. 1A, B, E). Martin (2017) noted: “No natural enemies of this species of mite have been recorded, but predatory mites may feed on these mites”. We report here on an assemblage of predatory mites (Phytoseiidae) associated with C. rouhollahi on G. aparine in Auckland.
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Cloyd, Raymond A., Cindy L. Galle, and Stephen R. Keith. "Compatibility of Three Miticides with the Predatory Mites Neoseiulus californicus McGregor and Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae)." HortScience 41, no. 3 (June 2006): 707–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.3.707.
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In this study, we report on the compatibility of two commercially available predatory mites, Neoseiulus californicus and Phytoseiulus persimilis, with three miticides used in greenhouse production systems to control the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. We determined the lethal effects of the miticides chlorfenapyr, spiromesifen, and bifenazate to both predatory mite species 24 hours after exposure to spray applications in petri dishes. Two rates of chlorfenapyr (0.40 and 0.81 mL/2-L) and spiromesifen (0.15 and 0.31 mL·L–1), and one rate of bifenazate (0.62 mL·L–1) were used. All rates were based on the manufacturer label recommendations for twospotted spider mite. Both rates of chlorfenapyr and spiromesifen, and the single rate of bifenazate were not harmful to N. californicus with percent live mite values ≥85% for chlorfenapyr and ≥95% for spiromesifen, and 93% for bifenazate. However, these same miticides were substantially toxic to P. persimilis with percent live mite values of ≤63% for all the miticides tested. Based on the results of this study, the miticides chlorfenapyr, spiromesifen, and bifenazate are compatible with N. californicus whereas these miticides are toxic to P. persimilis indicating a difference in susceptibility based on predatory mite species.
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Currie, R. W., and P. Gatien. "Timing acaricide treatments to prevent Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) from causing economic damage to honey bee colonies." Canadian Entomologist 138, no. 2 (April 2006): 238–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n05-024.
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AbstractThis study consisted of two field experiments designed to assess the effects of acaricide treatment timing on the mean abundance of the mite Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman and its impact on honey production and colony survival in honey bees, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae). In the first experiment, replicated colonies with different levels of infestation by V. destructor were given one of six treatments: untreated, with a low level of infestation by V. destructor; untreated, with a moderate level of infestation by V. destructor; exposed to fluvalinate for 42 days; exposed to two applications of Perizin®; or exposed to four applications of a pour-on formulation of formic acid at 4- or 10-day intervals. The six treatments were applied in either spring or fall. In experiment two, replicated colonies with a high level of infestation by V. destructor were left untreated, exposed to fluvalinate for 42 days, exposed to five applications of formic acid at 7-day intervals, or exposed to an equivalent amount of formic acid applied as a slow-release formulation. For each experiment, V. destructor densities, measured by alcohol wash, and colony survival were monitored for 1 year, and honey production was assessed in the year in which the spring treatment was applied. The results showed that all of the acaricide treatments were effective in reducing the mean abundance of V. destructor. However, efficacy varied with season. Fluvalinate was effective in controlling varroa under either spring or fall treatment conditions. Fall applications of Perizin® provided better control than spring applications. Formic acid provided consistent control of V. destructor in spring applications, regardless of the interval between treatments or whether pour-on or slow-release formulations were used, but was ineffective in the fall. Honey production was improved by spring acaricide treatments in both years. When the mean abundance of V. destructor was 0.02 ± 0.005 mites per bee (2 mites per 100 bees) in mid-April, honey production increased from 66 ± 17 kg per colony in untreated colonies to up to 116 ± 23 kg per colony in colonies treated with acaricide. When V. destructor levels were 0.21 ± 0.02 mites per bee (21 mites per 100 bees) in mid-May, spring acaricide treatments increased honey production from 1.3 ± 2.3 kg per untreated colony to up to 48 ± 17 kg per acaricide-treated colony. For the prairie region of Canada, producers will need to assess colonies in both spring and fall and treat when the mean abundance of V. destructor is more than 0.02 mites per bee (2 mites per 100 bees) in spring to prevent losses in honey production. Producers should treat when the mite level is greater than 0.04 mites per bee (4 mites per 100 bees) in late August to early September to prevent fall or winter colony loss. In this study, tracheal mite (Acarapis woodi (Rennie)) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) levels were very low, so interactions between mites were not studied. If both tracheal and varroa mites are present, lower fall thresholds might be required. In the absence of tracheal mites, colonies with varroa mite levels of more than 0.17 mites per bee (17 mites per 100 bees) in late fall experienced significant winter loss.
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DeVaney, J. A., and G. W. Ivie. "Evaluation of Cygro as a Feed Additive for Control of Northern Fowl Mites, 1985." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 11, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 465–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/11.1.465.
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Abstract Seventy-two 61-wk-old hens which had been infested with northern fowl mites for 17 wk were divided into 3 groups of 24 hens. Each group was then placed into individual cages and fed standard diets calculated to contain either 0 (control), 5 or 7 ppm of Cygro (American Cyanamid’s CL-259,971) for 21 consecutive days. Individual hen body weight and mite ratings were obtained prior to starting the test and at weekly intervals thereafter. Feed consumption and % hen day egg production were obtained at 7, 14, and 21 days posttreatment. Mite ratings were visually observed and recorded using the following rating: 0—no mites; 1—very light (1-10 mites/hen); 2—light (11-100 mites/hen); 3—moderate (101-1000) mites/hen); 4—heavy (1001-10000 mites/hen); and 5—extra heavy (>10000 mites/hen).
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Lim, Hye-Sun, Chang-Seob Seo, Hyekyung Ha, Hoyoung Lee, Jun Kyung Lee, Mee-Young Lee, and HyeunKyoo Shin. "Effect ofAlpinia katsumadaiHayata on House Dust Mite-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/705167.
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We evaluated the effects ofAlpinia katsumadaiHayata (AKH, Zingiberaceae) extract on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) in RAW 264.7 cells, thymus- and-activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) in HaCaT cells, and histamine level in HMC-1 cells. In anin vivoexperiment, atopic dermatitis was induced by topical application of house dust mites for 4 weeks, and the protective effects of AKH was investigated by measuring the severity of the skin reaction on the back and ears, and plasma levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and histamine. AKH extract suppressed the production of NO and PGE2in RAW 264.7 cells, TARC in HaCaT cells, and histamine in HMC-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Inin vivoexperiments, the severity of dermatitis, including erythema/hemorrhage, edema, erosion and scaling, and plasma levels of IgE, and histamine were lower in NC/Nga mice with atopic dermatitis, treated with AKH extract than in untreated mice. AKH extract reduced the histological manifestations of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions such as erosion, hyperplasia of the epidermis and dermis, and inflammatory cell infiltration on the skin of the back and ear. These results suggest that AKH inhibits the development of house dust mite-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice.
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Fournier, D., P. Millot, and M. Pralavorio. "Rearing and mass production of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis." Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 38, no. 1 (June 1985): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1985.tb03504.x.
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Moingeon, P., T. Batard, H. Chabre, P. Lemoine, and F. T. Chew. "Production and Proteomic Characterization of Mite Extracts for Allergy Vaccines." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 117, no. 2 (February 2006): S75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.300.
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Price, Jacob A., Angela R. Simmons, Arash Rashed, Fekede Workneh, and Charles M. Rush. "Winter Wheat Cultivars with Temperature-Sensitive Resistance to Wheat streak mosaic virus Do Not Recover from Early-Season Infections." Plant Disease 98, no. 4 (April 2014): 525–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-13-0455-re.
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Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), Triticum mosaic virus, and Wheat mosaic virus, all vectored by the wheat curl mite Aceria tosichella Keifer, frequently cause devastating losses to winter wheat production throughout the central and western Great Plains. Resistant ‘Mace’ and ‘RonL are commercially available and contain the wsm1 and wsm2 genes, respectively, for resistance to WSMV. However, the resistance in these cultivars is temperature sensitive, ineffective above 27°C, and does not protect against the other common wheat viruses. The majority of winter wheat in the Southern Great Plains is planted in early fall as a dual-purpose crop for both grazing and grain production. Early planting exposes wheat plants to warmer temperatures above the threshold for effective resistance. Studies were conducted to determine whether the resistance found in these cultivars would give infected plants the ability to recover as temperatures cooled to a range conducive to effective genetic resistance. RonL, Mace, ‘TAM 111’, ‘TAM 112’, and ‘Karl 92’ wheat were infested with WSMV viruliferous mites at temperatures above the resistance threshold. After the initial 4-week infection period, plants were subjected to progressively cooler temperatures during the winter months, well below the resistance threshold. Throughout the study, plant samples were taken to quantify virus titer and mite populations. Resistant RonL and Mace, which became severely infected during the initial infection period, were not able to recover even when temperatures dropped below the resistance threshold. However, TAM 112 showed resistance to WSMV but, more importantly, it also showed resistance to the wheat curl mite, because the mite population in this cultivar was significantly lower than on all other cultivars. The results of this study are significant in that they represent the first evidence of quantitative resistance to both WSMV and the wheat curl mite in a single wheat cultivar. Resistance to the wheat curl mite has potential to reduce losses to all mite-vectored virus diseases of wheat and not just WSMV.
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Gower, Jane M. C., Ary A. Hoffmann, and Andrew R. Weeks. "Effectiveness of spring spraying targeting diapause egg production for controlling redlegged earth mites and other pests in pasture." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 8 (2008): 1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07048.
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Earth mites are a complex of related species introduced into Australia in the early part of last century that cause economic damage to crops, especially canola, and to pastures. A general method of chemical control aimed at interrupting the life cycle at the most effective stage, by spraying in the spring before the mites enter diapause, has recently been adopted for controlling earth mites, particularly the redlegged earth mite Halotydeus destructor (Tucker). Here we use paired-paddock treatments and field enclosures to test the effectiveness of this method on pest populations of H. destructor as well as on other pests over two seasons at multiple pasture sites in Victoria. Halotydeus destructor numbers at the start of the winter growing season were suppressed by up to 85%, but this control level was not sustained. The numbers of H. destructor and other pests were similar to or higher than those in the unsprayed areas by spring. Spring spraying is, therefore, a useful means of suppressing H. destructor in early autumn, but its effects disappear relatively quickly over time in Victoria. This strategy also has little impact on the control of the blue oat mite Penthaleus major (Duges) and other phytophagous invertebrate pests.
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Sivaprasad, Umasundari, David Askew, Mark Ericksen, Aaron Gibson, Matthew Stier, Eric Brandt, Stacey Bass, et al. "A non-redundant role for Serpinb3a in the induction of mucus production in asthma (141.17)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2010): 141.17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.141.17.
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Abstract Asthma is a major public health burden worldwide. Excessive mucus production and mucus plugging are key pathologic features of asthma, yet the mechanisms responsible for mucus production remain largely unknown and therapies to effectively target mucus hypersecretion are lacking. Using a murine asthma model, we showed that SerpinB3a, the mouse ortholog of the serine protease inhibitors, SERPINB4 and B3, contribute to house dust mite induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), mucus production and goblet cell hyperplasia and expression of SPDEF, a transcription factor that mediates goblet cell differentiation. Microarray analysis revealed attenuated expression of multiple IL-13 regulated genes that contribute to mucus production in the Serpinb3a null mice and IL-13 treated mice showed attenuated AHR and mucus production. Our data have revealed a novel non-redundant role for SERPINB4 and B3 in mediating mucus production through regulation of SPDEF expression.
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Alves, Luis Francisco Angeli, Claudecir Castilho Martins, Ana Paula Mamprim, and Marcos Botton. "Azadirachtin on Oligonychus yothersi in yerba mate Ilex paraguariensis." Ciência Rural 46, no. 10 (October 2016): 1777–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20151369.
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ABSTRACT: The red mite Oligonychus yothersi is one of the main pests of yerba mate in Brazil The damage this mite causes leads to leaf drop and decreased production. There are no registered acaricides for use in yerba mate; thus, laboratory and field experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of azadirachtin (Azamax(r), 250mL 100L-1) for the control of the red mite in yerba mate. In the laboratory, azadirachtin was applied to yerba mate leaf disks before (residual contact) and after (direct contact) infestation with 15 newly emerged red mite adult females. The effect of azadirachtin on mite behavior was evaluated in arenas with treated and untreated yerba mate leaves, and the number of mites in both areas was recorded. Ovicidal action was evaluated by applying azadirachtin to eggs and recording egg hatching. In the field, two applications of the product were performed (1L spray liquid plant-1) with a 7-day interval. The numbers of living mites were evaluated at 7, 14 and 21 days following the first application on randomly collected leaves. It was observed 86.6 and 91.4% of mortality following 24h of residual and direct contact, respectively. Repellent (62% of individuals leaving the treated area) and ovicidal (98.9% decrease in egg hatching) effects were also observed. The mite population in the yerba mate crop field had decreased by 59.6% at 14 days after the first application of azadirachtin. The results show the potential of azadirachtin for the control of O. yothersi in yerba mate in Brazil.
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Arkle, S., J. H. Guy, and O. Sparagano. "Immunoglobulin-Y (IgY) levels in domestic fowl exposed to red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae)." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2005 (2005): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200010838.
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Red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae; De Geer, 1778) is currently the most economically deleterious ectoparasite of layer hens in several countries (Chauve, 1998). D. gallinae is an obligatory haematophagous ectoparasite of both domestic and wild birds (Bruneau et al., 2001), only found on the host during darkness when obtaining a blood meal. The remaining part of its lifecycle is spent concealed deep in the house substructure, in cracks and crevices, with control typically implemented via chemical spraying. Mite exposure in laying hens generally results in irritation, restlessness, anaemia, and occasionally death and may subsequently lead to decreased egg production, poor shell integrity, blood staining and egg size reductions (Chauve, 1998; Cosoroaba, 2001). Natural exposure to mite-antigens during feeding activates humoral immunity of the fowl, in the form of immunoglobulin production. However, the magnitude of this serological response over a prolonged infestation period and at different mite population levels is unclear. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the levels of anti-mite immunoglobulin present in egg yolks of laying hens in flocks infested with differing population levels of red mite over a period of 16 weeks.
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Sergio, Leiva, and Moraes Gilberto J. De. "Redescription of Aceria oleae (Nalepa, 1900) (Acari: Eriophyidae) using SEM, life cycle and damage caused to leaves and fruits of Olea europaea cv. arauco in La Rioja province, northwestern Argentina." Systematic and Applied Acarology 25, no. 11 (October 23, 2020): 2003–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.25.11.7.
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Damages produced by eriophyid mites to Olea europaea subsp. europaea cv. arauco have been known for many years. In a previous publication, the presence of Aceria oleae (Nalepa) and Oxycenus maxwelli, (Keifer) in Argentina was reported, but the species was not definitively identified. In the past five years, damage caused by this mite to leaves, flowers and fruits in many production areas was very high, leading to the need for further investigations about this mite, the most numerous mite species on this plant in Argentina. The present paper is divided in three parts: a) a morphological characterization of A. oleae based on specimens collected in Argentina, with the use of SEM; b) a study of its life cycle; and c) an illustration of its damage to leaves and fruits. The morphological study led to the confirmation of the identity of the species and to the determination of morphological aspects not previously mentioned in the literature. Life cycle and damage were observed to be similar to what has been previously mentioned in the literature for the same mite in other countries.
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Rodríguez, David, Ricardo Palacios, Jorge Martínez, Jorge A. Guisantes, and Idoia Postigo. "Kinetics of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae growth and an analysis of the allergen expression in semi-synthetic culture medium." Acarologia 61, no. 2 (May 6, 2021): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20214439.
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Currently, several mite growth culture media used in the production of allergenic extracts contain animal-derived components that limit their use in diagnostic and/or therapeutic applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae mites in a semi-synthetic medium without animal-derived proteins to produce highly reproducible allergenic extracts for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes to be more consistent with the regulations of health authorities. Both species of mites showed optimal growth in the semi-synthetic culture medium. The highest expression of allergens Der p 1 and Der f 1 was observed at the last phases of mite growth. Semi-synthetic media without animal-derived proteins facilitated excellent growth rates of house dust mites in cultures. Adjusting the cultivation time to decide the optimal time point for the processing of the extracts is decisive.
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Shaw, P. W., and D. R. Wallis. "Biocontrol of pests in apples under integrated fruit production." New Zealand Plant Protection 61 (August 1, 2008): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2008.61.6812.
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The biological control of some key orchard pests achieved within an Integrated Fruit Production (IFP) apple block was assessed Insecticide sprays were used to manipulate the numbers of natural enemies Treatments included applications of the broadspectrum insecticide carbaryl a selective insecticide programme (IFP) and a control (no insecticides) Plots treated with carbaryl became heavily infested with woolly apple aphid and European red mite However carbaryl sprays did not completely prevent lacewings ladybirds and the woolly apple aphid parasitoid Aphelinus mali subsequently moving into the plots in response to the high host populations Numbers of some natural enemies were reduced in the carbaryl treatment and the trees were damaged by mites and woolly apple aphids The selective and noinsecticide programmes did not disrupt natural enemies and pest levels in trees and fruit were similar and acceptable
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Siegert, Monica Krauze, Guilherme Liberato Da Silva, Maicon Toldi, Liana Johann, and Noeli Juarez Ferla. "Assessment on abiotic factors and the presence of storage mites in an animal feed factory." Systematic and Applied Acarology 23, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 2317. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.23.12.4.
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Pest mites found in grain, flour, and feed warehouses and also on the shelves of business establishments are common in Brazil. This study aimed at describing the mite fauna associated with environmental factors and several production-line environments inside animal feed factories. Mites were collected from: package depositing (PD), rice bran milling machine (RB), corn conveyor belt (CB), soybean silo (SS), pigeon nests (PN), animal product elevator (AP), pellet cooler (PC), and from the roof of an animal feed factory (R). A total of 2401 mites were collected, belonging to 13 species in 12 families, along with Uropodina and the suborder Oribatida. Higher richness was observed for Cheyletidae, and the highest richness was observed in PN and SS. Dermatophagoides farinae was the most abundant species (883 specimens), followed by T. putrescentiae (654) and C. malaccensis (506). In PC, the place with the highest infestation, we observed 36% of total mite populations, followed by CB with 17.5%, and RB and SS, with 14% each. There was no significant correlation among mite infestation, temperature, and relative humidity (RH). The period with the highest abundance was between March and August. The most abundant species in March was D. farinae, and T. putrescentiae was the most abundant in August. From December to February, C. malaccensis was the most predominant species. Thus, this study showed the prevalence of two pest species (D. farinae and T. putrescentiae) in several production-line environments in an animal feed factory and the presence of a potential predator, C. malaccensis.
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Hermawan, Hendri, Sugeng Santoso, and Aunu Rauf. "Laporan baru tungau Tarsonemus bilobatus Suski dan karakter utama tungau lain pada daun tanaman jeruk di Pulau Jawa, Indonesia." Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia 18, no. 2 (August 14, 2021): 140–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5994/jei.18.2.140.
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Citrus is one of the most important fruit crops in Indonesia. One of the main problems in citrus production is mite infestation. Many mite species were reported attacking citrus around the world. This study was aimed to identify mites and describe the main characters of various species of mites on citrus in Java, Indonesia. Sampling was carried out at the location of citrus plantations and citrus plants in the yard of the house which was carried out purposively. In a large planting area, sampling was carried out on 10 citrus trees that showed symptoms of mite attack. The identification process is carried out by a mounting process to obtain specimens that can be observed under a compound microscope using PVA. Eight species of mites were collected from 8 various of citrus from 15 location. Six mites species were identified as phytophagous, i.e., Panonychus citri McGregor, Eotetranychus sp., Eutetranychus sp. (Family Tetranychidae), Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) (Family Tenuipalpidae), Tarsonemus bilobatus Suski (Family Tarsonemidae), and Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead) (Family Eriophyidae). Meanwhile, the other two species, Amblyseius sp. (Family Phytoseiidae) and Cheletogenes ornatus (Canestrini & Fanzago) (Family Cheyletidae) were predators. Unidentified mites were Family Tydeidae and Winterschmidtiidae. According to Regulation No. 31 of 2018, P. citri and Ph. oleivora are quarantine pest. T. bilobatus is firstly reported in Indonesia.
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Leus, Leen, Gil Luypaert, Emmy Dhooghe, Johan Witters, Els Pauwels, Christof Van Poucke, Els Van Pamel, Johan Van Huylenbroeck, and Joachim Audenaert. "Jasmonic Acid and Salicylic Acid Levels in Defense Response of Azalea (Rhododendron simsii Hybrid) to Broad Mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus)." Horticulturae 8, no. 9 (September 13, 2022): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8090840.
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The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks)) is an important pest in many crops, including azalea (Rhododendron simsii Planch. hybrid). Broad mites cause the malformation of shoot tips, leaves and flowers in azalea. It is known that the jasmonic acid (JA)- and salicylic acid (SA)-dependent signaling pathways are related to the presence of herbivorous mites. Here, we describe the levels of the two main plant defense-related hormones, SA and JA, in mite-infested plants. The plant hormones were analyzed using liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We studied both short-term hormonal responses under controlled conditions with artificial inoculation, and long-term responses under culture conditions with natural infestation. The long-term development of broad mite populations and hormone response were studied during two subsequent growing seasons on 3 and 18 different cultivars, respectively. During the experiments on 18 azalea cultivars under natural infestation, the presence of different species of tarsonemid mites was also examined. JA concentrations only showed variation in the early phase of infestation. Subsequently, the SA levels increased significantly for all the cultivars where broad mites were detected. Based on the observed timing of the defense responses, we suggest that the interaction of the JA and SA pathways as a defense response for pot azalea against P. latus involves a primary plant response through the JA pathway. In the presence of the mites, the production of SA increased in the plants in a later phase as the P. latus population grew. Our results also show that the hormone response depends on type of mite. Changes in hormone levels were found upon infestation with P. latus, but not in the presence of another frequently occurring tarsonemid mite, Tarsonemus confusus Ewing.
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Ueno, Takahisa, Yuma Mizobe, Junko Ninomiya, Takahiro Inoue, Takashi Furukawa, and Takeshi Hatta. "Studies on the Control of Dermanyssus gallinae via High-Voltage Impulse." Electronics 12, no. 4 (February 19, 2023): 1038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12041038.
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Dermanyssus gallinae, a parasitic mite that subsists on the avian blood of chickens, poses a considerable threat to the poultry industry. D. gallinae infestation can result in a plethora of detrimental effects for the host birds, including decreased egg production and anemia. Pyrethroid pesticides have been the primary means of combating this issue and have demonstrated high levels of efficacy. However, in recent years, D. gallinae has exhibited resistance to these chemicals, resulting in a marked decrease in their mortality; thus, an integrated control strategy in addition to the chemical use should be required for the sustainable control of this mite. This study confirms that D. gallinae can be effectively controlled through the utilization of high-voltage impulse discharges and that various electrical parameters possess optimal values that are required for mite control. The alterations in the body surface of the mite caused by high-voltage impulses were akin to those caused by heat, but no alteration in the elemental composition of the body surface was observed, suggesting a change in organization caused by currents flowing inside the exoskeleton. Comparatively, the mite control efficacy of high-voltage impulse was found to be substantially superior to that of ultraviolet light or ozone, with up to 95% more mites being killed in as little as 30 seconds.