Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mistrust'
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Zande, Renee. "Mistrust the media or mistrust yourself?: underlying motivations for belief in media bias /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19210.pdf.
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Nickerson, Kim J. (Kim Jung). "Mistrust Level and Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500559/.
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This study explored the relationship between cultural mistrust level and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. It was hypothesized that Blacks with high levels of cultural mistrust, when compared to those with low levels, would show less favorable attitudes toward seeking formal help for psychological problems. Black students were administered the Cultural Mistrust Inventory, Help-Seeking Attitude Scale, Reid-Gundlach Social Service Satisfaction Scale, and Opinions About Mental Illness Scale. Using a 2 (gender) X 2 (mistrust level) MANCOVA, a main effect for the factor of mistrust level was found along with a mistrust level by gender interaction. Students with higher levels of cultural mistrust were found to hold less favorable attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help when compared to students with lower levels of cultural mistrust.
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Shepard, William D. 1965. "Sexual Identity Development and Heterosexual Mistrust: An Exploratory Study." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279033/.
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The sexual identity development process in gay men was the focus of this study. It was theorized that, as a result of negative experiences with the dominant heterosexual culture, gay men might feel mistrustful of heterosexuals in various settings. A new theoretical construct, that of heterosexual mistrust, was identified and explored. A new scale, the Heterosexual Mistrust Inventory (HMI), was created to measure this construct. Gay male subjects' stage of homosexual identity formation (HIF) was also determined. Results indicated that heterosexual mistrust existed to a significantly stronger degree among gay men than among heterosexual men. Heterosexual mistrust was strongly related to stage of HIF. The various settings in which heterosexual mistrust was found to occur were discussed. Implications for current knowledge about HIF and about cultural belief systems unique to gay men were identified and explored.
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Wong, Keri Ka-Yee. "Paranoia and social mistrust in UK and Hong Kong children." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269701.
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Recent work has shown that paranoia - excessive suspiciousness of others - exists on a spectrum of severity in the adult general population. Yet little is known about either the nature of mistrust in children or whether studying paranoia in children could increase our understanding of the aetiology of adult paranoia and inform early prevention strategies. The current thesis, comprised of three main studies, adopted a hitherto lacking developmental perspective to examine social mistrust in middle childhood. The first goal was to assess the structure, prevalence, correlates and short-term stability of childhood mistrust in nonclinical samples drawn from two different countries (the UK and Hong Kong). Classroom-based surveys of 8- to 14-year-olds from the UK (N = 1,086) and Hong Kong (N = 1,470) were carried out between 2011 and 2014. A new measure developed for the study was administered: The Social Mistrust Scale. The second goal was to examine children’s definitions and reasons for social trust and mistrust. This was a large qualitative examination of interviews with children, in order to learn more about the phenomenon at this age and generate future research questions to test. The final main goal was to test the association with childhood mistrust and a number of potential causal factors identified from the adult literature. Cognitive processes (i.e., reasoning bias, theory of mind and executive function) and psychosocial risk factors (i.e., bullying, loneliness, peer-rated social status, and hostile attribution bias) were studied. Overall, this thesis presented evidence that: (i) Social mistrust is prevalent in a minority of children, and it is associated with both internalising and externalising problems; (ii) Qualitative interviews indicated that mistrust was often well-justified but that a minority of children may well be having excessive suspiciousness about being targeted; (iii) Mistrustful children (especially with mistrust about school) report persistent victimisation and hostile attribution bias but do not show biases in non-affective cognitive performance compared with trusting peers; and (iv) There is moderate agreement between self-report and interviewer assessments of paranoia, child and peer ratings of mistrust but not with parent ratings. This thesis began the task of researching a developmental perspective on childhood suspiciousness, extending the work in adults. Mistrust is present in children and associated with symptoms of mental health problems and adverse experiences. The extent to which the fears were unfounded (i.e. true paranoia was assessed) was not established in the thesis nor the causal direction of the associations found. Continued research on social mistrust in community children and beyond may provide promising avenues to earlier preventions and better treatments of paranoia.
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Cuffee, Deborah Robinson. "Cultural mistrust, occupational aspirations and achievement motivation of black students." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332600/.
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The purpose of this study were three-fold: First, this study examined occupation prestige ratings of African American adolescents using a modified version of the Hatt-North (1947) Occupation Prestige Scale. A second purpose investigated the effects of cultural mistrust on occupation prestige preferences, as well as aspirations and expectations. Finally, this study examined the effects of cultural mistrust and achievement motivation on the occupational aspirations of Black youth.
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Moonier, James E., Mark L. Greene, and Spencer L. Baker. "Trust, mistrust, and organizational design: understanding the effects of social configurations." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10315.
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MBA Professional ReportApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited
Trust matters for task performance, particularly when the task involves dealing with potential threat or crisis. When faced with important decisions in such situations, the social connections between managers and front-line employees are critical. Drawing on the concept of trust and organizational design we investigate and provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of trust and mistrust on two different organizational designs. The formation of effective partnerships is influenced greatly by trust. Trust sets the stage for necessary factors for collaboration such as social interaction, communication, negotiation, and cooperation. The organizations are structured as Hierarchies or self-managing teams, also known as Edge organizations. This project analyzes the effects of high and low conditions of trust on two distinct structures of organizations offering insight to appropriate selection of design structures within varying conditions of trust. The analysis also offers a comparison of each group's performance to determine the most effective structures under certain conditions of trust. We find that collaborative, sharing practices (an organic, flat environment, Edge) in a trusting organizational climate produce the greatest levels of task performance. When decisions need to be expedited, however, trust is non-significant, and formal relationships between organization members are more salient. The implications for organizing in coalition type environments and military units are discussed.
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Cuevas, Adolfo Gabriel. "Mistrust: An Exploration of African Americans' Attitudes and Perspectives Toward Healthcare." PDXScholar, 2015. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2459.
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This dissertation explored mistrust through focus group discussions (study 1), responses to standardized laboratory vignettes (study 2), and survey questionnaires (study 3). In the first study, I found that African American community members (N=60) experienced perceived discrimination, medical mistrust, and poor communication in numerous and interrelated ways. For example, medical mistrust occurred when clinicians did not convey respect to patients, leaving patients to wonder whether their clinician's treatment was discriminatory or not. Based on these findings, I wanted to see whether these experiences of perceived discrimination and mistrust were related to other dimensions of Black experience, such as racial identity. I conducted a secondary analysis of data from a laboratory study (Somnath Saha, PI) in which 104 primary care patients viewed video-recorded, standardized vignettes depicting a cardiologist recommending heart bypass surgery to a patient diagnosed with angina and 3-vessel coronary artery disease. In this study, those who viewed a video of European American cardiologist-actors had lower physician mistrust and lower hypothetical likelihood of having bypass surgery compared to those who viewed the video of African American cardiologist-actors. However, racial centrality did not moderate the relationship between ethnicity of the cardiologist-actor and patients' decision making. The third study explored other dimensions of racial identity (e.g., unfavorable public regard for African Americans) and mistrust (e.g., medical mistrust), while also exploring their association with perceived healthcare discrimination among African American community members (N=210). In this study, perceived discrimination was positively associated with racial centrality, but not associated with unfavorable public regard. Perceived discrimination was also positively associated with medical mistrust and physician mistrust. Although racial centrality and unfavorable public regard were not significant moderators between perceived discrimination and the two dimensions of mistrust, they were positively associated with medical mistrust. Together, these studies provide a better understanding of African Americans' healthcare attitudes and experiences, particularly mistrust toward medical institutions and clinicians. For example, the association between racial centrality and perceived discrimination may suggest that past experience of discrimination in healthcare may influence a person to seek others who experience similar stressors, giving way to identifying more with her or his racial group. Racial centrality may influence a person's trust towards healthcare, prior to entering the doctor's office. However, once the person enters the doctor's office, racial centrality may play a less significant role the patient's trust towards her or his provider. These findings generated new questions to explore for future studies. For example, future studies should explore the relationship between racial centrality and African Americans' healthcare behavioral responses. In addition, the current studies only focused only on attitudes and perspectives; future studies should investigate how the construct medical mistrust may influence health-related outcomes such as adherence in race-discordant patient-provider relationships.
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Moonier, James E. Baker Spencer L. Greene Mark L. "Trust, mistrust, and organizational design understanding the effects of social configurations /." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/MBAPR/2008/Dec/08Dec%5FMoonier%5FMBA.pdf.
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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration from the Naval Postgraduate School, December 2008."Advisor(s): Powley, Edward H. ; Nissen, Mark E. "December 2008." "MBA professional report"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on January 28, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-61). Also available in print.
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Scoones, Ian Michael. "'I mistrust the poem' : the crisis of representation in contemporary British poetry." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343014.
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Cruz, Arturo J. "Overcoming mistrust : the quest for order in Nicaragua's Conservative Republic 1858-1893." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324777.
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Altschuler, Rebecca, and Julia Dodd. "Medical Mistrust Mediates the Relationship Between Sexual Victimization and Medical Non-Adherence." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7328.
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Sexual victimization has been associated with significant negative health outcomes as well as increased healthcare utilization (e.g., Breiding et al., 2013; Sickel et al., 2002). However, due to fear, embarrassment, or confidentiality concerns (Logan et al., 2004; Nasta et al., 2005), women may mistrust medical advice and not adhere to treatment recommendations, exacerbating development of negative health outcomes. Some research (Meade et al., 2009) has identified sexual victimization as a predictor of medical nonadherence, but to our knowledge no research has examined the role of medical mistrust in this relationship. A sample of 857 women was recruited via social media. Regression analyses in R Markdown revealed that sexual trauma was a significant predictor of both medical nonadherence (b = 0.4, SE = .08, p < .0001) and medical mistrust (b = 1.36, SE = .027 p < .0001), and further that medical mistrust predicted medical nonadherence (b = 0.06 SE = .01, p < .0001). Additionally, medical mistrust was found to significantly mediate the relationship between sexual trauma and medical nonadherence (b = .09, SD = .03, 95% CI =.04, .14). Results emphasize the importance of trauma-informed care and patient-provider rapport in bolstering resiliency and strengthening survivors’ adherence to medical recommendations. Suggestions for further application and intervention will be discussed.
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Caselman, Gabrielle, and Julia Dodd. "How Sexual Trauma Stigma Affects Health: The Mediating Role of Medical Mistrust." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7333.
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Altschuler, Rebecca, Madison Hinkle, and Julia Dodd. "Medical Mistrust Mediates the Relationship Between Sexual Victimization and Physical Health Complaints." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7334.
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Shibley, Kathleen Phillips. "The revisitation of the psychosocial issue of trust/mistrust in new mothers." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1227542027.
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Shibley, Kathleen Phillips. "The revisitation of the psychosocial issue of trust/mistrust in new mothers /." Connect to resource, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1227542027.
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Slobodchikoff, Michael O. "Overcoming Inequality and Suspicion: Forging Interstate Cooperation Despite Mistrust and Power Asymmetry." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/228613.
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Power inequalities and mistrust have characterized many interstate relationships. Yet most international relations theories do not take into account power and mistrust when explaining cooperation. While some scholars argue that power relations inhibit cooperation between states, other scholars expect interstate cooperation regardless of the power relations and level of trust. I argue that although states benefit from cooperation, they are also wary of the power relations between states, making cooperation difficult. Successful and cooperative bilateral relationships are formed between strong and weak states that are power asymmetric and have mistrust of one another, but they are built in such as way as to overcome the problem of power asymmetry and distrust. In this dissertation, I answer how and why states that are in power asymmetry and have mistrust of one another are able to build a cooperative bilateral relationship. I argue that states forge a relationship due to strategic needs such as economic or security needs. I have developed a database composed of the whole population of bilateral treaties between Russia and each of the former Soviet republics, and examine all of the bilateral relationships formed between Russia and the former Soviet republics. I find that Russia indeed forged relationships with the former republics based on its strategic interests. However, despite Russia's strategic interests, it had to build a bilateral relationship that would address the issues of mistrust and power asymmetry between the states. To achieve this, Russia and the former Soviet republics created treaty networks, which served to legitimize as well as legalize the independent status of each of the former republics while also increasing the cost to Russia of violating any of the treaties. I argue that strong treaty networks account for a more cooperative relationship between states, allowing both states to cooperate by alleviating the problems of mistrust and power asymmetry.
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Ogunsakin, Francis Oludare. "Police and black people's interactive relationship." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302636.
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Lyytinen, Eveliina. "Spaces of trust and mistrust : Congolese refugees, institutions and protection in Kampala, Uganda." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bfe1f36a-6a8d-4d89-a6e6-05b0d7bbab4c.
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The spatiality of refugee protection has been a key issue for humanitarian practitioners and policy-makers, and it has become of increasing concern in academic studies. This study interrogates the policy and practice-oriented concept of ‘protection space’ in regard to the experiences of the Congolese refugees in the city of Kampala, Uganda. My analysis of ‘protection space’ uses the geographical concepts of the ‘right to the city’ and ‘sense of place’ to emphasise the physical, imagined, lived and relational understandings of urban space. I also investigate the conceptual links between ‘protection’, ‘space’ and ‘trust’. I apply a qualitative case-study approach in this study and collected primary data from individual Congolese refugees, refugee communities and officers of the protection institutions. The data-collection methods included a combination of semi-structured interviews, observation and focus group discussions, supported by visual methods. I rely on aspects of discourse analysis to analyse my textual and visual data. I conclude that the Congolese refugees informing this study conceptualised ‘protection’ not only legally, physically and relationally, but also spiritually. The geographical levels of protection and insecurity that refugees experienced varied: their ‘sense of place’ in relation to the city of exile depended on their micro-, meso-, and macro-scale experiences and perceptions of protection. Given the prevalence of generalised and particularised social mistrust and institutional mistrust – two matters that were intertwined in refugees’ discourses of their everyday urban life – it is concluded that the distinction between protection and insecurity was at times unclear. Refugees, however, found a sense of protection from various ‘communities of trust’, even though their community life was also characterised by struggles over their ‘right to the city’ and inter-community mistrust.
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Stengelin, Roman, Sebastian Grüneisen, and Michael Tomasello. "Why should I trust you?: Investigating young children’s spontaneous mistrust in potential deceivers." Elsevier, 2018. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35161.
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Children must learn not to trust everyone to avoid being taken advantage of. In the current study, 5- and 7-year-old children were paired with a partner whose incentives were either congruent (cooperative condition) or conflicting (competitive condition) with theirs. Children of both ages were more likely to mistrust information spontaneously provided by the competitive than the cooperative partner, showing a capacity for detecting contextual effects on incentives. However, a high proportion of children, even at age 7, initially trusted the competitive partner. After being misled once, almost all children mistrusted the partner on a second trial irrespective of the partner’s incentives. These results demonstrate that while even school age children are mostly trusting, they are only beginning to spontaneously consider other’s incentives when interpreting the truthfulness of their utterances. However, after receiving false information only once they immediately switch to an untrusting attitude.
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Superti, Chiara. "Popular Trust, Mistrust, and Approval: Measuring and Understanding Citizens’ Attitudes Toward Democratic Institutions." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17463986.
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High levels of political trust and approval are believed to be the basis of a healthy democracy. Attempts to gauge citizens’ political attitudes have flourished in the past decades, but political science has yet to converge on a valid – and cross-nationally comparable – measure of popular political approval. Meanwhile, from New York City’s Zucconi Park to Istanbul’s Gezi Park, from Madrid’s Puerta Del Sol to Cairo’s Tahrir square, popular political discontent is on the rise and historic manifestations of it remain difficult to interpret, reverse, or anticipate. The essays in this manuscript introduce a new measure of political approval and propose a different institutional interpretation of the determinants of political trust.
The first essay, “Individual Blank Voting, Mobilized Protest Voting, and Voting Abstention,” compares different forms of electoral dissent – individual blank voting, mobilized null voting, and voting abstention – across Italy and in the Basque Country of Spain. It demonstrates that the least studied of the three – blank voting – expresses the most conscious and educated rejection of political candidates, parties, and electoral systems.
The second essay, “Measuring Discontent and Predicting Trouble,” proposes the use of unconventional voting as a powerful alternative metric of popular electoral approval, by showing the existence of a systematic link between blank and null voting, and larger popular protests. I demonstrate that the rate of blank and null voting at the national level is a reliable proxy of larger popular discontent and an effective predictor of future protests. As such, it is comparable to other widely used measures of perceived electoral quality and popular approval, while being much less costly, time consuming, and with greater disaggregation potential.
In the last essay, “Corruption and Trust in Institutions, Evidence from Israel,” Noam Gidron and I exploit a natural experiment offered by Israel’s unique immigration law, which expedites naturalization for Jewish immigrants. We find that cultural norms, as shaped by levels of corruption in immigrants’ sending countries, affect only their initial levels of trust, while subsequent exposures to socially inclusive institutions (e.g., the military) shape a mature and more positive political attitude.Government
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De, Costa Ayesha. "Barriers of mistrust public and private health care providers in Madhya Pradesh, India /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2008. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2008/978-91-7409-130-4/.
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Lin, Tsu-Yuan. "Understanding the Dynamics of Misperceptions in Southeast Asia." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1197.
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This thesis seeks to understand the current dynamics of misperceptions in Southeast Asia. The paper would focus on three actors in the region: China, the U.S., and a representative state of ASEAN, Vietnam. The actors would be examined in the context of the South China Sea disputes. The essential goal of U.S. policymakers it to achieve peace and stability in the region by building a liberal order, but the existence of misperceptions makes it highly challenging. The misperceptions stem from the fact that each actor has to predict what paradigm what other actors’ actions are based on in the region. In order to reduce misperception, there must be a high level of trust derived from consistent rhetoric accompanied with actions. The paper finds that the problem lies in the fact that to achieve a coherent foreign policy that other actors can interpret consistently, there must be a convergence of domestic politics and other states’ actions that allows each actor to have a positive and constructive interpretation of its options. The paper examines how domestic politics can often hinder a coherent foreign policy that eliminates confusion for other actors. Furthermore, in the case study between the three actors, China, the U.S., and Vietnam, will demonstrate how actors’ behaviors and actions can be changing due to other actors and domestic politics. Therefore, the paper suggests several policies that the U.S. needs to take in order to reduce the tension between domestic politics and other states’ actions.
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Livanou, Maria. "Beliefs about self and the world as predictors of treatment outcome in post-traumatic stress disorder." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367915.
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Gunn, Megan. "Disparities in Kidney Donation and Transplantation in African Americans and the Role of Mistrust." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/566571.
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Urban BioethicsM.A.
Organ transplantation has the potential to improve and prolong the lives of many chronically ill people. However, organs are a scarce resource and a commodity to which not everyone has equal access. Equity issues are particularly evident amongst African Americans concerning kidney donation and transplantation. In this paper, I discuss the history of kidney transplantation and the disparities that exist in the African American community for both organ donation and transplantation. I explain how the organ allocation system has structural barriers that do not account for the social determinants of health. Then I explore the significant barrier of African Americans’ mistrust of the health care system and its role in kidney donation and transplantation. I use the principles of urban bioethics to discuss possible solutions to mistrust including community engagement, diversifying the physician work force, and concepts that move beyond cultural competency to cultural humility and structural competency.
Temple University--Theses
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Kim, Se Ryeong. "Identifying the factors that affect mistrust and uncertainty in front-end performance of Korean MNEs." Thesis, Edge Hill University, 2019. http://repository.edgehill.ac.uk/11028/.
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This study investigates and identifies the factors that affect mistrust and uncertainty when Korean industrial multinational enterprises (MNEs) generate new ideas in the front-end phase of new product development (NPD) processes. Specifically, this study focuses on the process of applying research data to support the generation and development of new products. Current research indicates that many companies frequently experience difficulties in this regard. This study comprises a large body of empirical study-centred research. It collates multiple interviews with research-based teams (consisting of planners as well as marketers and lifestyle researchers) and practice-based teams (i.e. designers and engineers) of leading multinational companies in the smart electronics and automobile industries. A primary outcome of the research is the specification of key constructs relating to mistrust and uncertainty during the application of research data in the process of selecting new ideas within the front-end of the NPD process, which appear to be linked to three factors: (i) a lack of common language (perspectives and approaches related to data and information when obtaining insights) between diverse expertise groups, (ii) a lack of appropriate communication channels between different functional groups, and (iii) a lack of productive tactics in using internal information. This research aims to enrich NPD studies by presenting the validity of the existing theory with detailed practical examples and to find distinctive new knowledge by identifying emerging issues from recent NPD processes in the industry. Furthermore, this study establishes an idea generation framework that will potentially enable MNEs to use their research data more effectively when developing real products and to better perform cross-functional tasks.
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Nickerson, Kim J. (Kim Jung). "Mistrust, Type of Problem, Counselor Ethnicity, Counselor Preference, and Expectations toward Counseling among Black Students." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278504/.
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The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between and among the degree of mistrust black students hold towards Whites, the students' preferences for race of counselor, and the discussion of problems that are sexual in nature. Participants consisted of 60 black females and 51 black males recruited from a university population. All subjects completed the Terrell and Terrell Cultural Mistrust Inventory, Fischer-Turner Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale, Corrigan and Schmidt Counselor Rating Form - Short Form, Tinsley Expectations About Counseling Inventory, and the Thermometer Method Form developed specifically for this project. A multiple regression model was used to explore the hypotheses of this study. The criterion variables consisted of scores on the Expectations About Counseling Form and Counselor Rating Form. Analyses revealed that the most significant predictors of counseling expectations were race of counselor and participant gender. Black students who were asked to assume \ they would see a black counselor had more favorable expectations about counseling than those black students asked to assume they would see a white counselor. Female participants had more favorable expectations about counseling than male participants. Results also indicated that the most significant predictors of counselor ratings were race of counselor and subject mistrust level. Those students asked to assume they would see a black counselor rated the potential counselor more favorably than those students who were asked to assume they would see a white counselor. Black students who scored higher on cultural mistrust rated potential white counselors less favorably than black students who scored lower on cultural mistrust.
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Ahluwalia, Ekta. "Parental Cultural Mistrust, Background Variables, and Attitudes Toward Seeking Mental Health Services for Their Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330704/.
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Attitudes toward mental illness and the willingness to seek psychological treatment for their children among ethnic minority group parents were investigated. Participants consisted of black, Hispanic, Native American and Asian parents. All parents were given the Terrell and Terrell Cultural Mistrust Inventory, Cohen and Struening Opinions About Mental Illness Scale, Reid-Gundlach Social Services Satisfaction Scale, Fischer-Turner Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Help Scale, and Ahluwalia Parents' Psychological Help-Seeking Inventory. A multiple regression model was used to explore the purpose of this study. Parental mistrust level, ethnicity, education, income level, and opinions about mental illness served as predictor variables. The criterion variables consisted of scores on the Social Services Satisfaction Scale and Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale.
The results indicated that the most significant predictor of psychological help-seeking was parental cultural mistrust level. Parents with higher cultural mistrust levels were less likely to seek help. Education was also predictive of black and Native American parents' help-seeking attitude and willingness to seek psychological help for their children. Black and Native Americans with lower levels of education were less willing to seek treatment for their children than members of those ethnic groups with higher levels of education. Ethnicity was also related to parental willingness to seek help for their children. Hispanic and black parents expressed more willingness to seek help than Native American and Asian parents. Finally, parents' opinions about mental illness were found to be significantly related to help-seeking attitude. Parents with positive opinions about mental illness were more likely to utilize professional psychological help than those parents with negative opinions about mental illness. Some clinical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Alu, Stephanie. "Self-Rated Health, Healthcare Satisfaction, Healthcare Adherence, and Medical Mistrust: The Moderating Role of Rurality." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/482.
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The current study is part of a broader study called the Women’s Reproductive Health Survey (WRHS) which aimed to examine various aspects of women’s life experiences. This study examined the moderating effect of rurality on several factors of healthcare in a sample of women between the ages of 18 and 50. Self-rated health (SRH) was hypothesized to predict healthcare satisfaction, healthcare adherence, and medical mistrust. Furthermore, rurality was hypothesized to weaken the relationships between SRH and healthcare satisfaction and adherence; it was further hypothesized to exacerbate the relationship between SRH and medical mistrust. A survey containing a single-item measure of SRH and rurality, a seven-item measure of medical mistrust, and an exploratory measure of both healthcare satisfaction and adherence, was uploaded to the Internet forum Redditt. Participants received informed consent and monetary compensation for their time. Bivariate correlations and moderation analysis was conducted on the resulting data. Self-rated health was found to be a significant predictor of healthcare satisfaction, healthcare adherence, and medical mistrust. Rurality was a nonsignificant moderator. Healthcare systems may consider enhancing patient portfolios with a measure of SRH. This may have implications for improved quality of care and health outcomes. Limitations within the study included the participant demographics, which were mostly White and of a high socioeconomic status, as well as the broader survey from which this study originated. Future studies may consider comparing populations from a high socioeconomic status to populations from a low socioeconomic status.
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Roose, Ilka [Verfasser]. "Flows of Chilean Water Governance : Social Innovations in Defiance of Mistrust and Fragmented Institutions / Ilka Roose." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220161993/34.
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Brevard, Joshua. "The Seeds of Mistrust: The Relationship between Perceived Racism, HIV Conspiracy Theories and HIV Testing Attitudes." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3030.
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Although the number of HIV infected peaked in the late 1980’s, HIV remains a major concern within the African American community (CDC, 2008). African Americans are disproportionately affected, comprising 14% of the U.S. population but representing 44% of new HIV infections in 2009 (CDC, 2011). It is vital to identify barriers to positive health behaviors like consistent condom use and HIV testing. This study focus on factors impacting attitudes towards HIV testing, including mistrust of the healthcare system, measured by support for HIV conspiracy theories (Thomas & Quinn, 1991). It also examined the prevalence of HIV conspiracy beliefs among African American college students, along with their perceptions of racism. The first goal of this study was to determine if perceived racism and HIV conspiracy theories are predictors of HIV testing attitudes. The second goal was to examine if perceived racism moderates the relationship between conspiracy beliefs and HIV testing attitudes. The findings indicated that higher levels of HIV conspiracy beliefs were associated with more negative attitudes towards HIV testing. The association between perceived racism and testing attitudes was marginally significant, while the interaction between perceived racism and testing was not significant. Implications for research and HIV interventions are discussed.
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Löf, Emma, and Madeleine Olsson. "Att leva med endometrios : en litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för omvårdnad - grundnivå, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-13487.
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Background: Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease which means that the uterine mucosa grows outside the uterine cavity. The disease causes women' pain and affects the quality of life and it takes an average of five to seven years to get the diagnosis established. Aim: The aim of this study was to illustrate women's exeperiences of living with endometriosis. Method: This is a literature study where method to contribute to evidence-based nursing based on analysis of qualitative research was used. Results: Findings in the study showed that women with endometriosis experienced limitations in their daily life. Pain was the most described symptom and women experienced lack of knowledge of themselves and by their surroundings. They risked being misstrusted because of normalization of the symptoms. The women developed strategies to take back control over their lives which helped them to master the disease. Conclusion: In order to provide advice and support, the nurse needs increased knowledge about endometriosis and how it affects the women's lives. It would also reduce the time of delayed diagnosis.Kvinnor som lever med endometrios kan komma att behöva strukturera om sina liv då deras vardag begränsas. Somliga kvinnorna får inte gehör av den sociala omkretsen och hälso- och sjukvården för de symtom de upplever. För att återfå kontroll över livet utvecklar kvinnorna strategier i hopp om att bemästra sjukdomen. Denna litteraturstudie belyser kvinnors upplevelser av att leva med endometrios. Var tionde kvinna i fertil ålder drabbas av endometrios och sjukdomen är förknippad med sänkt livskvalitet där både kroppslig och psykisk belastning förekommer. I resultatet framkommer att det råder kunskapsluckor om endometrios hos både kvinnan och hälso- och sjukvården. Kvinnorna riskerar att inte bli trodda på då sjukdomen för andra inte är visuellt synlig. De symtomen kvinnan upplever och uttrycker sig om normaliseras i somliga fall av henne själv och hennes omgivning, då symtomen främst syftar till smärta i samband med menstruation. Kunskapsluckor i relation med normalisering av symtomen kan vara en orsak till försening av diagnos och kvinnan utsätts för ett långt vårdförlopp och försämrad livskvalitet. Förmågan att arbeta påverkas och kvinnan kan komma att vara i behov av vila och återhämtning. Ökad frånvaro leder till att kvinnan oroas över att förlora arbetet, då arbetsgivare och kollegor inte alltid tror på de symtom de beskriver. Även samlivet påverkas. På grund av försämrad sexuell funktion och smärtupplevelser vid samlag undviker kvinnor relationer. Kvinnorna oroas över sin fertilitet och risken för infertilitet i framtiden och de kan komma att bli lämnade av sin partner på grund av diagnosen endometrios eller infertilitet. Endometrios kan få kvinnan att känna sig mindre kvinnlig. Med hjälp av utvecklade strategier återfås kontroll över vardagen. Strategierna ses som styrkande och kvinnan blir mer lyhörd på sin kropp med ökar sitt ansvar för den egna hälsan. Att bemästra sjukdomen hjälper kvinnorna att se på sina kroppar utifrån positiva vinklar och upplevelserna kunde de dela med sig av till andra.
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Caselman, Gabrielle. "Subjective and Objective Health Outcomes Predicted by Sexual Trauma Stigma: The Role of Medical Mistrust and Resiliency." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3760.
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Research has documented the adverse health outcomes that may result from experiences of sexual trauma and medical mistrust. Stigmatization as a result of sexual trauma experience(s) may also cause significant distress. The current study examined the effect of sexual trauma stigma and the potential mediating role of medical mistrust on health. Resiliency was examined as a potential moderator, as it may buffer sexual trauma stigma’s effects on medical mistrust and health outcomes. A sample of 482 women with a sexual trauma history completed questionnaires regarding health and sexual trauma stigma. Study data was analyzed in SPSS v.25 and included correlations and moderated-mediational analyses. Results demonstrated that sexual trauma stigma and medical mistrust independently predicted somatic symptom burden but not BMI. Medical mistrust and resiliency did not emerge as significant mediators/moderators. Limitations include a homogenous sample and possible measurement error. Future research of other maintaining mechanisms is warranted.
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Amosu, Seyi O. "CAUSAL ATTRIBUTIONS, HELP-SEEKING ATTITUDES, AND CULTURAL MISTRUST ON INTENTIONS TO SEEK COUNSELING IN BLACK AMERICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2210.
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Researchers have shown that racial and ethnic groups minorities utilize mental health services at a rate lower than their non-minority counterparts. This disparity still exists when matched for other demographic variables such as access, SES, and level of education (Alegría et al., 2002; Alvidrez, 1999). This study is aimed at determining how levels of cultural mistrust, causal attributions of mental illness, and beliefs about treatment efficacy affect attitudes toward help-seeking, specifically among Black American college students. Results from this study are two-fold and will provide information on correlates of attitudes toward mental-health help-seeking. In addition, understanding the reasons for the low rates at which Black populations seek services may provide insight into this phenomenon in other racial and ethnic minority groups. This study’s ultimate goal is to supply outreach strategies and furnish training practices to better serve these populations.
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Cuevas, Adolfo Gabriel. "Exploring Four Barriers Experienced by African Americans in Healthcare: Perceived Discrimination, Medical Mistrust, Race Discordance, and Poor Communication." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/615.
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For many health conditions, African Americans bear a disproportionate burden of disease, injury, death, and disability compared to European Americans. African Americans also use health services less frequently than do European Americans and this underuse of services contributes to health disparities in the United States. Studies have shown that some disparities are present not as a result of poor access to care, but, to a certain extent, as a result of the experiences patients have at their doctors' offices. It is, therefore, essential to understand African American patients' perspectives and experiences with healthcare providers. Past studies have shown that four barriers affect the quality of patient-provider relationships for African Americans: perceived discrimination, medical mistrust, race discordance, and poor communication. The studies, however, have not looked at how these barriers manifest when African Americans speak about their perspectives and experiences with health care providers. This project was a secondary data analysis of qualitative data provided by adult African American community members from Portland, Oregon with diabetes or hypertension or both, each of whom participated in one of 10 focus groups. The focus groups were conducted as part of a study that applied community based participatory research (CBPR) principles to understand patients' experiences with their doctors. Using a deductive approach, this analysis enhanced the understanding of how the barriers play a role in patient-provider relationships. Further, the analysis showed how the barriers are interrelated. In learning African American patients' experiences and perspectives on these four key barriers, the investigator proposes recommendations for healthcare providers as to how they can best deliver quality care for African Americans.
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Lira, Caryn C. (Caryn Celeste). "The Relationship Between Race of Counselor, Cultural Mistrust Level and Willingness to Seek Psychological Treatment Among Mexican-American Adolescents." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500822/.
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The effects of cultural mistrust level and race of counselor on the willingness of Mexican-American adolescents to seek psychological help were examined in this experiment. A total of 79 Mexican-American adolescents consisting of 50 females and 29 males completed a Background Information Inventory, a modified version of the Cultural Mistrust Inventory, and the Help Seeking Attitude Scale. Five regression analyses were performed resulting in a significant interaction between cultural mistrust level and willingness to seek help. Mexican-American adolescents with high levels of mistrust were less willing to seek psychological treatment than those with a low level of mistrust. Results also indicated that females as well as individuals with higher levels of education were more willing to seek help than males and those with lower levels of education. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Garner, Jason. "The politics of mistrust : the relationship between anarchism and syndicalism in the ConfederacioÌn Nacional del Trabajo 1910-1931." Thesis, University of Kent, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246582.
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Chahed, Yasmine. "Mistrust in numbers : the rise of non-financial and future-oriented reporting in UK accounting regulation in the 1990s." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2009. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2361/.
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This thesis studies the rise of non-financial and future-oriented narratives in the regulatory framework for financial reporting standard-setting and legislation in the UK in the 1990s. The questioning of financial reporting numbers that surfaced in these debates is called here a "mistrust in numbers". To study the moments when a 'trust in numbers' is destabilized through these debates, the thesis focuses on three interrelated processes of financial reporting change. First, the thesis addresses the ways in which accounting sought to expand into new territory - territory in which the emergence of a category of non-financial and future-oriented accounting became closely linked to a rethinking of the concepts of how to govern British companies in the last two decades of the 20th century. Second, the thesis analyses how the expansion of accounting standard-setting beyond a focus on the financial statements in the early 1990s was made possible by the interplay of a number of ideas - some complementary, others competing - about the technical, professional, and international role of the British Accounting Standards Board. Third, the thesis analyses the agenda-setting process for the British Company Law Review between 1998 and 2002. It outlines how, through this reform process, a realignment between law, accounting, and "the State" was sought, one that mediated and structured at the same time modes of economic governance pertaining to both "the State" and "the market". This thesis concludes that the calls in the UK for supplementing financial statements with non-financial and future-oriented reporting elements constitute a significant rethinking of the roles of accounting and regulation in organising economic life. This rethinking entails, it is suggested, a move away from an emphasis on the neutrality and objectivity which has typically been associated with accounting numbers, and towards one aspiring to provide "transparency" based on an underlying economic reality.
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Doftartienė, Asta. "Paauglio savęs vertinimo ugdymas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090803_111930-69433.
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Pasitikėjimas savimi - požiūris, kuris leidžia asmenims turėti teigiamą realistinę nuomonę apie save ir savo padėtį. Paauglių pasitikėjimas savo sugebėjimais, bendrąja prasme, turi kontroliuoti savo gyvenimą. Mokykla yra vieta, kur paaugliai turi plėtoti savo identitetą, vertybes ir savigarbą. Psichologai ir pedagogai teigia, kad savo verte ir pasitikėjimu savimi, priklauso nuo jų sugebėjimų ir individualių savybių.Self - confidence is an attitude which allows individuals to have positive yet realistic views of themselves and their situations. Self - confident teenagers trust their own abilities, have a general sense of control in their lives. School is the place where teenagers develop their own identities, values and self - esteem. Psychologists and pedagogues notice that self - value and self-confidence depend on their abilities and individual features.
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Caldwell, Taisha L. "CULTURE COUNTS: IMPROVING NON-COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT FOR PREDICTING RETENTION AND ACADEMIC SUCCESS IN A SAMPLE OF AFRICAN AMERICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/219.
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The aim of the current study was to explore the effects of non-cognitive variables in predicting GPA, institutional commitment, and retention in a sample of African American college students. Specifically, the researcher examined the validity in measuring and utilizing culture specific factors in identifying and intervening with first-year college students. Participants were given measures of positive self-concept, cultural mistrust, cultural congruity, managing discrimination, seeking help, educational value, and financial preparation in addition to a standard measure of non-cognitive predictors. Additionally, participants received one of three interventions (waitlist-control, academic advising, and culturally infused academic advising) with the intent to improve non-cognitive functioning. Analyses of the results suggest that cultural components significantly impact student performance and institutional commitment. No evidence was found to support a change in retention. Implications of these finding and limitations to this study are discussed.
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Kelty, Abby Jane Spalding. "Patient attitudes toward integrated health care: Initial scale development and a test of the influences of cultural mistrust and gender among African Americans." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2242.
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Racial and ethnic disparities in health care continue to be problematic in the United States. Although many Americans experience the negative effects associated with health disparities (e.g., negative perceptions of care, lack of access to care, and poorer health outcomes), health disparities have been shown to be increasingly problematic for many members of African American populations. In addition, cultural mistrust of providers and health care systems have also been shown to impact perceptions of care and utilization of health care services. Recent literature suggests that integrated health care could be a possible solution to improving care, although a gap in the research currently exists regarding how members of African American populations view integrated health care. The current study was designed to fill this gap. In order to achieve this goal, the current project consisted of two studies. The purpose of Study 1 was to develop an instrument to measure attitudes toward integrated health care among African Americans. The purpose of Study 2 was to validate the integrated health care measure and to test gender as a potential moderator of the effects of cultural mistrust on attitudes toward integrated health care for a sample of African American adults. Through Exploratory Factor Analysis in Study 1, eigenvalues, scree plots, factor loadings, and orthogonal rotations were examined to identify the underlying factors and overall reliability of the Patient Attitudes Toward Integrated Health Care scale. Results from Study 1 indicated that this scale was reliable and valid among the current sample of American adults. Study 2 used Confirmatory Factor Analysis to examine the validity of the Patient Attitudes Toward Integrated Health Care scale. The results of the CFA confirmed that the Patient Attitudes Toward Integrated Health Care scale was reliable and valid among the current sample. Study 2 also used moderated regression analysis to test the hypothesis that gender would moderate the relationship between cultural mistrust and attitudes toward integrated health care. Results from the regression analysis showed that gender did not significantly moderate the effects of cultural mistrust on attitudes toward integrated health care. However, results suggested that gender significantly influenced attitudes toward integrated health care. The findings further suggested that cultural mistrust and attitudes toward seeking psychological help to be significant predictors of attitudes toward integrated health care. Although the original hypothesis was not supported in the current study, these results provide useful insight into predictors of attitudes toward integrated health care among African Americans. These results can be used to assist in improving integrated health care systems to better meet the needs of this population.
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Mark, Kaya. "Colonialism and its Aftermaths in Vieques, Puerto Rico: How U.S. Hegemony Led to Contamination, a Superfund Site, and Local Mistrust." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1152.
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After sixty-two years of U.S. military testing, the small Puerto Rican island of Vieques and its residents continue to fight against ongoing environmental and social effects of U.S. hegemony. Starting with the arrival of the Spanish, then with U.S. occupation and use of Vieques as a military stopover, Viequense residents are used to U.S. governmental presence on their land. Despite the military’s removal from Vieques in 2003, many local residents have a fundamental lack of trust for the U.S. government. Because of this lack of trust and transparency with U.S. governmental actions in the post- World War II period, residents of Vieques do not see any difference between the USFWS, the EPA, CH2M Hill, and the U.S. Navy. However, many acknowledge that the U.S. government’s involvement may be good for the island, so there is some ambivalence about the U.S. government’s continued presence on the island, its role in developing Vieques, and bettering its current economic situation. While the majority of local activists claim that naval activities negatively affected island life through contamination of land and surrounding waters, also resulting in a range of human health problems, others argue that the U.S. Navy should not be demonized, and the island’s role in conservation should be paramount. These differing views reflect two opposing frameworks: one fighting against a colonizer and U.S. hegemony, and the other promoting a primarily conservation-based framework meant to protect non-human residents.
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Johnson, Beverly Yvonne. "Vocal Self-identification, Singing Style, and Singing Range in Relationship to a Measure of Cultural Mistrust in African-American Adolescent Females." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278339/.
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The purpose was to determine the relationship between high or low cultural mistrust and vocal characteristics in African-American adolescent females. The vocal characteristics were vocal self-identification, singing style, and singing range.
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Mabry, J. Beth. "Social Structure and Anger: Social Psychological Mediators." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29665.
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This study uses 1996 General Social Survey data to examine potential social psychological mediators, suggested by equity theory and research on distress, of the relationship between social structure and anger. A broader social structure and personality approach to anger is compared with the equity and stress models proposed.
Among social structural locations, anger varies only by age when other social characteristics are controlled in OLS regressions. Frequency of anger declines with age. No direct relationship between anger and gender, ethnicity, education, income, or marital or parental statuses is evident. However, the tendency to express anger is associated with more frequent anger.
Equity beliefs about gender and individualism do not significantly affect anger. However, the belief that others cannot be trusted is positively related to anger and mediates the relationship between age and anger. Similar to findings related to distress, both self-efficacy and social integration suppress anger.
As suggested by the social structure and personality approach, combining cultural factors, such as beliefs, and proximal influences, such as social and personal resources, explains more of the relationship between social structure and anger than either an equity or stress model alone. Mistrust and self-efficacy together explain more variation in the frequency of anger than either alone.
In this study, social disadvantage does not directly predict anger. Because anger is prevalent in work and family relationships, the relationship between age and anger may be explained by age-graded changes in work and family roles (Schieman 1999). However, this would not explain the lack of variation in anger by other structural locations in which social disadvantage likely affects work and family relationships.
The social psychological factors that have the most significant effect anger in this study (mistrust and self-efficacy) vary by ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Were it not for greater mistrust and lower self-efficacy, blacks and the socioeconomically disadvantaged would be angry significantly less often than whites and those of higher socioeconomic status. These findings suggest that expectations and perceptions of control, shaped by in-group comparisons and experience and which vary by social structural location, may affect anger.Ph. D.
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Grice-Dyer, Alesia J. "Cultural competence among cardiovascular healthcare providers with Black patients in Rock Island County, Illinois." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/676.
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Kumassah, William, and Mevludin Mujcinovic. "The Aronda "Black Box" - Bridging the Gap of Mistrust in Insurance Service Relationships : A Study of Damage Adjustment as a Critical Episode." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-9903.
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Problem: The nature of insurances, and indeed the customer-provider relationship in insurance services, lends itself to distinctive characteristics. These characteristics have particular implications on overall perceived service and relationship quality, and thus customer retention. The arguably singular characteristic of mutual mistrust prevalent in insurance service relationships, is a source for costs and lost profitability for insurance companies in Sweden. Bridging the “gap of mistrust”, potentially offered by a seemingly simple service, could entail significant benefits for both parties in an insurance service relationship.
Research Questions: Does the Aronda Service have the potential to improve a damage adjustment process in a provider-customer insurance service relationship?
- Can a more effective damage adjustment process improve an insurance service relation between provider and customer?
- To what extent do the providers perceive that the damage adjustment process is critical to a customer’s stay or switch decisions in an insurance service relationship?
Purpose: The aim of the thesis is two-fold:
- The aim is to investigate and describe the impact of the damage adjustment process in customer relationships between the privately insured and property insurance companies in Sweden
- And to assess, the potential of the Aronda Service to improve customer relations for insurance companies by improving (in terms of customer satisfaction) the damage adjustment process.
Methodology: A qualitative method with deductive reasoning was used. The highly contextual nature of customer-provider relationships was deemed, for the purpose of the study, best suited using a qualitative method. Data collection comprised of interviewing several professionals pertaining to the field of property insurance and damage adjustment, academic literature, peer-reviewed articles, and Ph.D. Dissertations.
Theoretical Approach: The theoretical approach is based on consolidation of widely used theories in the field of service and relationship in the “Critical episode on insurance relationships” perspective, presented by Mikael Gidhagen, Senior lecturer at Uppsala University, Sweden. Although the perspective is originally created for B2B relationships, proved great applicability and relevance.
Empirical foundation: The empirical foundation consisted of a number of interviews with respondents with extensive corporate and private insurance industry experience. The secondary empirical information was gathered from governmental, consumer services, and industry regulatory bodies’ websites and publications.
Conclusion: The uncovered prominent issues in insurance relationships between private individuals and property insurance service providers can at the very least be aided, if not solved, to the benefit of both parties by the proposed digital version of the Aronda “Black Box”. As the importance of documentation in more cases of insurance claims than not are paramount, and by decreasing the coverage knowledge gap of customers, facilitating a matching of service expectations and actual service delivery, customer satisfaction can be more readily achievable for insurance provider. A readily achievable level of customer satisfaction, in turn, means probably prolonged customer retention, and ultimately higher profitability for the insurance companies. As “it cost more to attract a customer, than it does to keep one.”
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Cale, Grace. "SHIFTING THE ULTIMATUM: POLITICAL ALIENATION AND PARTICIPATION." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/sociology_etds/14.
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Common knowledge dictates that cynicism and mistrust of politics is rampant among US citizens, wreaking havoc on participation in the American political process. Social Capital theories are commonly used to effectively explain US political behavior, but fail to account for alienation from the political process or the influence of peers. I argue that models of political participation would be improved by the inclusion of political alienation variables, which have fallen into disuse in recent decades. Using data from the US Citizenship, Involvement, and Democracy Survey (2006), this paper relies upon negative binomial regression with nested models to compare the explanatory power of social capital variables with models including political alienation and peer influence variables to assess the value of such concepts. Results indicate that while the parent variables of political alienation (powerlessness, meaninglessness, and mistrust of political institutions) improve model accuracy and influence political participation, the latent variable remains ambiguously useful. Powerlessness and mistrust revealed significant effects, but mistrust failed to fit into the latent concept of political alienation, and meaninglessness did not produce significant results. Peer influence only significantly affected political participation when participants specifically discussed political matters with peers. Implications and concepts for future research follow.
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Malone, Larissa. "My Existence Didn't Make No Difference to Them: Perceptions of Teacher Expectations Among African-American Students and Their Families." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1428617534.
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Lindell, Johanna. ""Jag litar inte på mainstream media. Det viktiga är att få information förmedlad som den är. Jag litar på Internet” : Låglitarnas syn på medier och samhället." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41815.
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This study analyses mistrust of media. Door-to-door interviews were conducted with 318 respondents in six different parts of Sweden. In 2015 the Swedish research institute SOM published an interesting study of mistrust of media in Sweden, showing that the group that mistrust the media is dominated by supporters of the Sweden Democrats. The aim of this study is to gain understanding of the causes and nature of mistrust of media. The interviews featured both open and closed questions, covering political interest and the respondents opinions about what is good and less good in society. This essay primarily analyses the issues that concern trust in the media linked to community involvement. This essay is based on the framework of a larger study by the think tank Arena Idé. The interviews were conducted by 10 interviewers and the coding of the material was done by a person employed by the think tank. For the interview guide, a code scheme was created and the computer programme Nvivo was used for the coding. Employing theories about public connection and the hostile media effect, this study aims to provide a better understanding of popular mistrust. The findings point to the conclusion that there are reasons to believe that a hostile media effect exists. The expressions of mistrust of media are classified into three different themes: Source criticism, Alleged obfuscation of truth, and Angling of media. The connection to society in the group with a low level of trust in the media is found to be narrow but intense.
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Mäkelä, Debora. "Historical Child Abuse In Out-Of-Home Care: Finland Disclosing And Discussing Its Past." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Barn, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-120402.
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The main focus in this thesis lies in the observation of how the public debate is formulating and developing in Finland in relation to the current implementation of the Inquiry on historical child abuse and neglect in out-of-home care. This thesis analyses the testimonies published around the investigation and on historical child abuse, in the public domain. The release of two documentaries broadcasted on National TV (YLE TV1) in 2013 and 2014 triggered a, however scarce, online public discussion with few newspapers’ as well as magazines’ articles covering informatively the inquiry. The online debate has so far seen the participation mainly of the victims themselves of historical abuse. Generally, I found a confirmation that the Finnish individualistic culture is hardly prompt to open discussion on such topics. As S.N., a care leaver, explains in the second documentary: (Lehikoinen, Luurankokaappi, 2014) “the culture does not give space” though people have “the need to speak.” My thematic analysis on this debate has nonetheless disclosed an urge to come to terms with a past of institutional abuse, framed in a general context of public mistrust in the Child Welfare4 system. The care-leavers, narrating their stories in the two TV documentaries, disclosed memories of neglect, violence and systematical isolation of the Poor. Their stories are interpreted through the debate on the media as stories of injustice. Their narration portraits a concept of “child care” very far from nowadays’ standards of child welfare. Care-leaver H.S. points his finger on the Finnish child-care institution where he spent his childhood in the ‘50s: “Only a monster can send a child to such a place!” (Lehikoinen, Varastettu Lapsuus, 2013).
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Hlawnceu, Fam, and Kevin Merstrand. "Etnisk boendesegregation- En kvalitativ forskningsstudie om hur Borås Stad samarbetar för att integrera Norrby." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-8856.
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Sverige har idag utvecklats till ett mångkulturellt land med många olika etniciteter i samhället. Denna utveckling har resulterat i att det råder uppdelning av folkgrupper. I denna studie har vi valt fokuserat på den etniska boendesegregationen som råder i många delar av landet. För att kunna genomföra studien har vi valt att begränsa oss till stadsdelen Norrby i Borås. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka faktorer det är som främst kan förklara att komplexa samverkansprojekt blir framgångsrika respektive problematiska. Tillit och samverkan sammankopplas till studien genom detta syfte för att bilda en förståelse om hur samverkan och tillit i komplexa nätverk med många aktörer och andra individer kan gå till. För att kunna genomföra studien har vi fördjupat oss i hur Borås Stad implementerar sina intentioner och åtgärder för att minska den etniska bostadssegregationen på Norrby. Studien inkluderar en kvalitativ forskningsstudie med kvalitativa intervjuer av olika aktörer i Borås Stad. Resultatet visar att det föreligger olika faktorer som påverkar framgångarna och motgångarna i samverkansprojekt. De faktorer som påverkar framgången är att aktörerna stödjer varandra i samarbetet, visar öppenhet och ömsesidighet, är faktorer som främjar både tillit och samverkan. Ytterligare faktorer som också främjar skapandet av tillit i samverkan är att parterna hanterar sina ansvarsområden och låter de andra aktörerna, men också invånarna vara delaktiga i samverkan. De hämmande faktorerna är bland annat brist på resurser i samverkan vilket leder till att det inte går att utföra löften. Att arbeta med integration är också ett omfattande arbete vilket har lett till att ansvar och engagemang i samverkan kräver konstant ingripande. Slutligen utgörs de sista faktorerna av att det förekommer en brist på kommunikation och ömsesidighet mellan aktörerna såväl som invånarna och att vissa aktörer uppfattas bli passiva.Today, Sweden has developed into a multicultural country along with several different ethnicities in the urban community. This development has resulted in a state of fragmentation in the community. In this study, we choose to focus on the ethnic residential segregation that occurs all over the country. In order to accomplish this study, we also choose to confine ourselves to the urban district Norrby in Borås. The purpose of this study, is to research what factors that mainly can explain why complex collaboration projects turns out to be successful or problematic. Trust and collaboration are linked to the study through this purpose in order to create an understanding of how collaboration and trust in complex networks involving a great number of participants and other individuals could appear. In order to accomplish the study, we have immersed in how City of Borås implements their intentions and interventions in order to reduce the ethnic residential segregation in Norrby. The study includes a qualitative research study, together with qualitative interviews from different participants in Borås. The results show that it exists different factors which influence both prosperity and setbacks in projects of collaboration. The factors influencing prosperity, is that participants support each other in the collaboration, shows openness and reciprocity towards each other. These are factors which improve trust and collaboration. Other factors that also improve the creation of trust in collaboration is that the parties handle their area of responsibility and allow the other participants, but also the residents to be a part of the collaboration process. The repressive factors are among other, a lack of resources in the collaboration process, which leads to promises being broken. Working with integration is also a comprehensive task, which have resulted in responsibility and commitment in collaboration requires constant intervening. Finally, the last factors consist of the fact that it occurs a lack of communication and reciprocity between the participants, as well as between the residential and some participants whom are being perceived passive. This thesis is written in Swedish.