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Journal articles on the topic 'Miscanthus x giganthus'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Bilandžija, Nikola, Goran Fabijanić, Stjepan Sito, Mateja Grubor, Zlatko Koronc, Krešimir Čopec, and Igor Kovačev. "Harvest systems of Miscanthus x giganteus biomass: A Review." Journal of Central European Agriculture 21, no. 1 (2020): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/21.1.2511.

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2

Mekete, Tesfamariam, Kimberly Reynolds, Horacio D. Lopez-Nicora, Michael E. Gray, and Terry L. Niblack. "Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Are Potential Pathogens of Miscanthus × giganteus and Panicum virgatum Used for Biofuels." Plant Disease 95, no. 4 (April 2011): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-10-0335.

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A survey of Miscanthus × giganteus and switchgrass plots throughout the midwestern and southeastern United States was conducted to determine the occurrence and distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with these biofuel crops. During 2008, rhizosphere soil samples were collected from 24 Miscanthus × giganteus and 38 switchgrass plots in South Dakota, Iowa, and Illinois. Additional samples were collected from 11 Miscanthus × giganteus and 10 switchgrass plots in Illinois, Kentucky, Georgia, and Tennessee the following year. The 11 dominant genera recovered from the samples were Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Xiphinema, Longidorus, Heterodera, Hoplolaimus, Tylenchorhynchus, Criconemella, Paratrichodorus, Hemicriconemoides, and Paratylenchus. Populations of Helicotylenchus, Xiphinema, and Pratylenchus were common and recorded in 90.5, 83.8, and 91.9% of the soil samples from Miscanthus × giganteus, respectively, and in 91.6, 75, and 83.3% of the soil samples from switchgrass, respectively. Prominence value (PV) (PV = population density × √frequency of occurrence/10) was calculated for the nematodes identified. Helicotylenchus had the highest PV (PV = 384) and was followed by Xiphinema (PV = 152) and Pratylenchus (PV = 72). Several of the nematode species associated with the two biofuels crops were plant parasites. Of these, Pratylenchus penetrans, P. scribneri, P. crenatus, Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus, Hoplolaimus galeatus, X. americanum, and X. rivesi are potentially the most damaging pests to Miscanthus × giganteus and switchgrass. Due to a lack of information, the damaging population thresholds of plant-parasitic nematodes to Miscanthus × giganteus and switchgrass are currently unknown. However, damage threshold value ranges have been reported for other monocotyledon hosts. If these damage threshold value ranges are any indication of the population densities required to impact Miscanthus × giganteus and switchgrass, then every state surveyed has potential for yield losses due to plant-parasitic nematodes. Specifically, Helicotylenchus, Xiphinema, Pratylenchus, Hoplolaimus, Tylenchorhynchus, Criconemella, and Longidorus spp. were all found to have population densities within or above the threshold value ranges reported for other monocotyledon hosts.

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3

Vodiak, Yana, Yurii Tsapko, Anatolii Kucher, Vitaliy Krupin, and Iryna Skorokhod. "Influence of Growing Miscanthus x giganteus on Ecosystem Services of Chernozem." Energies 15, no. 11 (June 6, 2022): 4157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15114157.

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The paper investigates the optimization of ecosystem services of podzolized heavy loamy chernozem (black soil) as a result of the cultivation of the perennial energy culture of Miscanthus x giganteus. The research was conducted on an experimental land plot during 2016–2021. No fertilization was applied to the soil during the experiments, and over the years of research, the growing seasons were accompanied by abnormal droughts, but even under such conditions, the plants of Miscanthus x giganteus gradually increased their yield. At the initial stage of research, in the third year of cultivation, dry biomass of Miscanthus x giganteus was obtained at 14.3 t/ha, in the fourth year–18.6 t/ha, and already in the fifth and sixth years, 21.7 and 24.5 t/ha, respectively. That is, energy-wise, the harvest for the last year was equivalent to 15.9 tons of coal or 12,618 m3 of natural gas. Cultivation of Miscanthus x giganteus on black soil for six years has improved the provision of its ecosystem services, regulation, and ecosystem maintenance services. The possibility of growing perennial energy crops on agricultural soils has been proven by obtaining a significant amount of biomass and a positive phytoremediation effect on the soil by reducing erosion, preserving biodiversity, sequestering carbon, and sustainably improving the ecological situation.

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4

Vodiak, Yana, Yurii Tsapko, Anatolii Kucher, Vitaliy Krupin, and Iryna Skorokhod. "Influence of Growing Miscanthus x giganteus on Ecosystem Services of Chernozem." Energies 15, no. 11 (June 6, 2022): 4157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15114157.

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The paper investigates the optimization of ecosystem services of podzolized heavy loamy chernozem (black soil) as a result of the cultivation of the perennial energy culture of Miscanthus x giganteus. The research was conducted on an experimental land plot during 2016–2021. No fertilization was applied to the soil during the experiments, and over the years of research, the growing seasons were accompanied by abnormal droughts, but even under such conditions, the plants of Miscanthus x giganteus gradually increased their yield. At the initial stage of research, in the third year of cultivation, dry biomass of Miscanthus x giganteus was obtained at 14.3 t/ha, in the fourth year–18.6 t/ha, and already in the fifth and sixth years, 21.7 and 24.5 t/ha, respectively. That is, energy-wise, the harvest for the last year was equivalent to 15.9 tons of coal or 12,618 m3 of natural gas. Cultivation of Miscanthus x giganteus on black soil for six years has improved the provision of its ecosystem services, regulation, and ecosystem maintenance services. The possibility of growing perennial energy crops on agricultural soils has been proven by obtaining a significant amount of biomass and a positive phytoremediation effect on the soil by reducing erosion, preserving biodiversity, sequestering carbon, and sustainably improving the ecological situation.

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5

Bilandžija, Darija, Nikola Bilandžija, and Željka Zgorelec. "Sequestration potential of energy crop Miscanthus x giganteus cultivated in continental part of Croatia." Journal of Central European Agriculture 22, no. 1 (2021): 188–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/22.1.2776.

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6

Nurzhanova, A. A., V. Pidlisnyuk, A. Yu Muratova, R. Berzhanova, K. Abit, A. Nurmagambetova, Ch Nurzhanov, T. Mukasheva, and N. Bektileuova. "PHYOREMEDIATION SOIL CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS USING THE BIOENERGY SPECIES MISCANTHUS X GIGANTEUS." Eurasian Journal of Ecology 3, no. 56 (2018): 32–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/eje-2018-3-827.

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7

Everman, Wesley J., Alexander J. Lindsey, Gerald M. Henry, Calvin F. Glaspie, Kristin Phillips, and Cynthia McKenney. "Response of Miscanthus × giganteus and Miscanthus sinensis to Postemergence Herbicides." Weed Technology 25, no. 3 (September 2011): 398–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-11-00006.1.

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Studies were conducted under greenhouse conditions at Michigan State University and Texas Tech University to investigate the tolerance of Miscanthus × giganteus and Miscanthus sinensis to POST herbicides. Miscanthus sinensis and M. × giganteus were treated with 10 and 18 POST herbicide treatments, respectively. Plants were evaluated for injury as well as dry aboveground and belowground biomass production 28 days after treatment. Imazethapyr at 0.069 kg ai ha−1 caused 5% injury to M. sinensis, which was greater than the nontreated check. Imazethapyr, imazamox at 0.044 kg ai ha−1, and rimsulfuron at 0.017 kg ai ha−1 reduced aboveground biomass of M. sinensis compared with the nontreated check. Dicamba at 0.56 kg ai ha−1 and halosulfuron at 0.035 kg ai ha−1 resulted in M. sinensis aboveground biomass similar to the nontreated check. Injury exhibited by M. × giganteus was greater than the nontreated check with glyphosate at 0.84 kg ae ha−1 (54%), foramsulfuron at 0.037 kg ai ha−1 (32%), nicosulfuron at 0.035 kg ai ha−1 (28%), and imazamox at 0.044 kg ai ha−1 (10%). These treatments also yielded the lowest aboveground biomass values. The results of this study demonstrate that M. sinensis is more tolerant of the POST herbicides tested here than M.×x. giganteus. Several herbicide options may be available for weed management in M. sinensis and M. × giganteus stands following additional field trials to validate initial findings.

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8

Sekler, Ivana, Suncica Vjestica, Vladimir Jankovic, Slobodan Stefanovic, and Vladica Ristic. "Miscanthus x giganteus as a building material - lightweight concrete." Chemical Industry 75, no. 3 (2021): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind201116013s.

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A perennial plant Miscanthus x giganteus has found its habitat and multiple applications in Europe, despite the fact that it originates from Asia. This study presents the potential use of this plant in new lightweight concrete materials so-called bio-concretes. The above-ground part of the plant was harvested, dried, crushed, and mixed with binders in different proportions. After casting and drying, the samples were characterized physical and mechanical properties. The results have shown that the sample with a higher content of binders while smaller miscanthus granulation and casted in molds under higher pressure exhibited the highest values of the compressive strength and density. In specific, the density was in the order of magnitude of that reported for other types of lightweight concrete with organic fillers, such as sawdust-based concrete ("Durisol"), which further justifies the use of miscanthus for these purposes.

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9

Voća, Neven, Nikola Bilandžija, Josip Leto, Luka Cerovečki, and Tajana Krička. "Revitalization of abandoned agricultural lands in Croatia using the energy crop Miscanthus x giganteus." Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 23, no. 3 (2019): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jpea1903128v.

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10

Bosiacki, Maciej. "Influence of increasing nickel content in soil on Miscanthus × giganteus Greef and Deu. Yielding and on the content of nickel in above-ground biomass / Wpływ wzrastającej zawartości niklu w glebie na plonowanie Miscanthus x giganteus Greef i Deu. i zawartość niklu w nadziemnej biomasie." Archives of Environmental Protection 41, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aep-2015-0009.

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Abstract The aim of the research conducted in a 2-year pot experiment in an unheated plastic tunnel was to determine suitability of Miscanthus × giganteus for phytoextraction of nickel from soil as well as to assess tolerance of this species on increasing concentrations of this metal in soil. Pots were filled with mineral soil (sand) and a mixture of soil with high-moor peat and three levels of nickel were introduced, i.e. 75 mg dm-3, 150 mg dm-3 and 600 mg dm-3 and the control combinations used substrates without the addition of nickel. Nickel was introduced only in the first year of the experiment in the form of nickel sulfate (NiSO4 · 6H2O). Miscanthus × giganteus accumulated a considerable amount of nickel in biomass. Miscanthus × giganteus growing in contaminated mineral soil turned out to be a species tolerant to high nickel concentrations

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11

Bergs, Michel, Georg Völkering, Thorsten Kraska, Ralf Pude, Xuan Do, Peter Kusch, Yulia Monakhova, Christopher Konow, and Margit Schulze. "Miscanthus x giganteus Stem Versus Leaf-Derived Lignins Differing in Monolignol Ratio and Linkage." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 5 (March 9, 2019): 1200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051200.

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As a renewable, Miscanthus offers numerous advantages such as high photosynthesis activity (as a C4 plant) and an exceptional CO2 fixation rate. These properties make Miscanthus very attractive for industrial exploitation, such as lignin generation. In this paper, we present a systematic study analyzing the correlation of the lignin structure with the Miscanthus genotype and plant portion (stem versus leaf). Specifically, the ratio of the three monolignols and corresponding building blocks as well as the linkages formed between the units have been studied. The lignin amount has been determined for M. x giganteus (Gig17, Gig34, Gig35), M. nagara (NagG10), M. sinensis (Sin2), and M. robustus (Rob4) harvested at different time points (September, December, and April). The influence of the Miscanthus genotype and plant component (leaf vs. stem) has been studied to develop corresponding structure-property relationships (i.e., correlations in molecular weight, polydispersity, and decomposition temperature). Lignin isolation was performed using non-catalyzed organosolv pulping and the structure analysis includes compositional analysis, Fourier transform infradred (FTIR), ultraviolet/visible (UV-Vis), hetero-nuclear single quantum correlation nuclear magnetic resonsnce (HSQC-NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and pyrolysis gaschromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Structural differences were found for stem and leaf-derived lignins. Compared to beech wood lignins, Miscanthus lignins possess lower molecular weight and narrow polydispersities (<1.5 Miscanthus vs. >2.5 beech) corresponding to improved homogeneity. In addition to conventional univariate analysis of FTIR spectra, multivariate chemometrics revealed distinct differences for aromatic in-plane deformations of stem versus leaf-derived lignins. These results emphasize the potential of Miscanthus as a low-input resource and a Miscanthus-derived lignin as promising agricultural feedstock.

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12

Voća, Neven, Josip Leto, Tomislav Karažija, Nikola Bilandžija, Anamarija Peter, Hrvoje Kutnjak, Jona Šurić, and Milan Poljak. "Energy Properties and Biomass Yield of Miscanthus x Giganteus Fertilized by Municipal Sewage Sludge." Molecules 26, no. 14 (July 20, 2021): 4371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144371.

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The application of municipal sewage sludge as fertilizer in the production of non-food energy crops is an environmentally and economically sustainable approach to sewage sludge management. In addition, the application of municipal sewage sludge to energy crops such as Miscanthus x giganteus is an alternative form of recycling nutrients and organic material from waste. Municipal sewage sludge is a potential source of heavy metals in the soil, some of which can be removed by growing energy crops that are also remediation agents. Therefore, the objective of the research was to investigate the effect of municipal sewage sludge applied at three different rates of 1.66, 3.22 and 6.44 t/ha on the production of Miscanthus. Based on the analyses conducted on the biomass of Miscanthus fertilized with sludge from the wastewater treatment plant in three fertilization treatments, it can be concluded that the biomass of Miscanthus is a good feedstock for the process of direct combustion. Moreover, the application of the largest amount of municipal sewage sludge during cultivation had no negative effect on the properties of Miscanthus biomass. Moreover, the cellulose and hemicellulose content of Miscanthus is ideal for the production of second-generation liquid biofuels. Fertilizer treatments had no effect on the content of cellulose and lignin, while a significant statistical difference was found for hemicellulose.

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13

Barksdale, Nicole, John D. Byrd, Maria Leticia M. Zaccaro, and David P. Russell. "Evaluation of herbicide efficacy and application timing for giant miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus) biomass reduction." Weed Technology 34, no. 3 (January 13, 2020): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2020.10.

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AbstractGiant miscanthus has the potential to move beyond cultivated fields and invade noncrop areas, but this can be overshadowed by aesthetic appeal and monetary value as a biofuel crop. Most research on giant miscanthus has focused on herbicide tolerance for establishment and production rather than terminating an existing stand. This study was conducted to evaluate herbicide options for control or terminating a stand of giant miscanthus. In 2013 and 2014, field experiments were conducted on established stands of the giant miscanthus cultivars ‘Nagara’ and ‘Freedom.’ Herbicides evaluated in both years included glyphosate, hexazinone, imazapic, imazapyr, clethodim, fluazifop, and glyphosate plus fluazifop. All treatments were applied in summer (June or July) and September. For both years, biomass reduction ranged from 85% to 100% when glyphosate was applied in June or July at 4.5 or 7.3 kg ae ha−1. No other treatment applied at this timing provided more than 50% giant miscanthus biomass reduction 1 yr after application. September applications of glyphosate were not consistent: treatments in 2013 reduced biomass by 40% or less, whereas in 2014, at all rates provided at least 78% biomass reduction. Glyphosate applied in June or July was the only treatment that provided effective and consistent control of giant miscanthus 1 yr after treatment.

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14

Głowacka, K., S. Jeżowski, and Z. Kaczmarek. "Polyploidization of Miscanthus sinensis and Miscanthus x giganteus by plant colchicine treatment." Industrial Crops and Products 30, no. 3 (November 2009): 444–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.07.011.

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15

Barbash, Valerii A., Olha V. Yashchenko, and Olesia A. Vasylieva. "Preparation and Properties of Nanocellulose from Miscanthus x giganteus." Journal of Nanomaterials 2019 (November 12, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3241968.

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Miscanthus x giganteus stalks were used to make organosolvent pulp and nanocellulose. The organosolvent miscanthus pulp (OMP) was obtained through thermal treatment in the mixture of glacial acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide at the first stage and the alkaline treatment at the second stage. Hydrolysis of the never-dried OМP was carried out by a solution of sulfuric acid with concentrations of 43% and 50% and followed by ultrasound treatment. Structural changes and the crystallinity index of OMP and nanocellulose were studied by SEM and FTIR methods. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed an increase in the crystallinity of OMP and nanocellulose as a result of thermochemical treatment. We show that nanocellulose has a density of up to 1.6 g/cm3, transparency up to 82%, and a crystallinity index of 76.5%. The AFM method showed that the particles of nanocellulose have a diameter in the range from 10 to 20 nm. A thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that nanocellulose films have a denser structure and lower mass loss in the temperature range of 320–440°C compared to OMP. The obtained nanocellulose films have high tensile strength up to 195 MPa. The nanocellulose obtained from OMP exhibits the improved properties for the preparation of new nanocomposite materials.

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16

Skwiercz, Andrzej, Tatyana Stefanovska, Miloslav Zouhar, Valentina Pidlisnyuk, and Łukasz Flis. "First report of the Rotylenchus agnetis Szczygieł, 1968, Rotylenchus pumilus Perry, 1959 and Paratylenchus nanus Cobb, 1923 associated with Miscanthus x giganteus in Ukraine." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 21, no. 5 (October 28, 2022): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2022.5.13.

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During a survey of plant parasitic nematodes associated with Miscanthus × giganteus which was carried out in Ukraine in 2016–2017, an occurrence of Rotylenchus agnetis Szczygieł, 1968, Rotylenchus pumilus Perry, 1959 and Paratylenchus nanus Cobb, 1923 was found. To the best of our knowledge this is the first record of a parasite species which can damage M. × giganteus. The species were described morphologically and using molecular tools. Further profound study on pathogenicity of those species is needed.

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17

Blinstrubienė, Aušra, Inga Jančauskienė, and Natalija Burbulis. "In Vitro Regeneration of Miscanthus x giganteus through Indirect Organogenesis: Effect of Explant Type and Growth Regulators." Plants 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2021): 2799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10122799.

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Miscanthus x giganteus is a spontaneous sterile hybrid therefore the creation of useful genetic diversity by conventional breeding methods is restricted. Plant regeneration through indirect organogenesis may be a useful approach to create genetic variability of this important agricultural crop. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the explant type and growth regulators on indirect organogenesis of Miscanthus x giganteus and to determine the ploidy level of plant regenerants by flow cytometry. On average, the highest percentage of morphogenic callus tested explants formed in the medium supplemented with 2.5 mg L–1 IBA + 0.1 mg L–1 BAP + 4.0 mg L–1 l-proline. The most intensive secondary differentiation of callus cells was observed in the medium supplemented with 4.0 mg L–1 ZEA + 1.0 mg L–1 NAA. The highest root formation frequency with the highest number of roots was determined in the MS nutrient medium supplemented with 0.4 mg L–1 IBA, where more than 95% of plant regenerants survived and were growing normally.

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18

Chae, Won Byoung, Sae J. Hong, Justin M. Gifford, Albert Lane Rayburn, Jack M. Widholm, and John A. Juvik. "Synthetic polyploid production ofMiscanthus sacchariflorus,Miscanthus sinensis, andMiscanthus x giganteus." GCB Bioenergy 5, no. 3 (September 7, 2012): 338–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01206.x.

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19

Cappelletto, P., F. Mongardini, B. Barberi, M. Sannibale, M. Brizzi, and V. Pignatelli. "Papermaking pulps from the fibrous fraction of Miscanthus x Giganteus." Industrial Crops and Products 11, no. 2-3 (March 2000): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-6690(99)00051-5.

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20

Bergs, Michel, Yulia Monakhova, Bernd W. Diehl, Christopher Konow, Georg Völkering, Ralf Pude, and Margit Schulze. "Lignins Isolated via Catalyst-Free Organosolv Pulping from Miscanthus x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara: A Comparative Study." Molecules 26, no. 4 (February 5, 2021): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040842.

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As a low-input crop, Miscanthus offers numerous advantages that, in addition to agricultural applications, permits its exploitation for energy, fuel, and material production. Depending on the Miscanthus genotype, season, and harvest time as well as plant component (leaf versus stem), correlations between structure and properties of the corresponding isolated lignins differ. Here, a comparative study is presented between lignins isolated from M. x giganteus, M. sinensis, M. robustus and M. nagara using a catalyst-free organosolv pulping process. The lignins from different plant constituents are also compared regarding their similarities and differences regarding monolignol ratio and important linkages. Results showed that the plant genotype has the weakest influence on monolignol content and interunit linkages. In contrast, structural differences are more significant among lignins of different harvest time and/or season. Analyses were performed using fast and simple methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Data was assigned to four different linkages (A: β-O-4 linkage, B: phenylcoumaran, C: resinol, D: β-unsaturated ester). In conclusion, A content is particularly high in leaf-derived lignins at just under 70% and significantly lower in stem and mixture lignins at around 60% and almost 65%. The second most common linkage pattern is D in all isolated lignins, the proportion of which is also strongly dependent on the crop portion. Both stem and mixture lignins, have a relatively high share of approximately 20% or more (maximum is M. sinensis Sin2 with over 30%). In the leaf-derived lignins, the proportions are significantly lower on average. Stem samples should be chosen if the highest possible lignin content is desired, specifically from the M. x giganteus genotype, which revealed lignin contents up to 27%. Due to the better frost resistance and higher stem stability, M. nagara offers some advantages compared to M. x giganteus. Miscanthus crops are shown to be very attractive lignocellulose feedstock (LCF) for second generation biorefineries and lignin generation in Europe.

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21

Wang, Dan, Mathew W. Maughan, Jindong Sun, Xiaohui Feng, Fernando Miguez, DoKyoung Lee, and Michael C. Dietze. "Impact of nitrogen allocation on growth and photosynthesis of Miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus)." GCB Bioenergy 4, no. 6 (March 13, 2012): 688–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01167.x.

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22

Baute, Kurtis, Laura Van Eerd, Darren Robinson, Peter Sikkema, Maryam Mushtaq, and Brandon Gilroyed. "Comparing the Biomass Yield and Biogas Potential of Phragmites australis with Miscanthus x giganteus and Panicum virgatum Grown in Canada." Energies 11, no. 9 (August 22, 2018): 2198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092198.

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The production of bioenergy from plant biomass has the potential to reduce fossil fuel use. The number of biogas facilities around the world has risen dramatically, increasing demand for feedstocks. In this study the invasive perennial grass Phragmites australis was evaluated as a biogas feedstock in comparison with Miscanthus x giganteus and Panicum virgatum. Results from three field sites for each species demonstrated that biomass yields for P. australis averaged approximately 1.82 ± 0.9 kg dry matter (DM) m−2, comparable to that of M. x giganteus. Yield of P. australis was greater than P. virgatum, which ranged from 0.49 ± 0.06 to 0.69 ± 0.07 kg DM m−2 in July and October, respectively. In mesophilic bench-top digester experiments, methane yields were greater for July-harvested material than for October, ranging from 172.4 ± 15.3 to 229.8 ± 15.2 L CH4 kg−1 volatile solids (VS) for all perennial grasses. Methane yields per hectare were highest for October-harvested M. x giganteus, followed by July-harvested M. x giganteus and P. australis, whereas methane yield from P. virgatum at both harvest times was lower than the other two species. These results suggest that P. australis is not an economically viable biogas feedstock without pre-treatment to improve methane yield.

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23

PIDLISNYUK, VALENTINA, TATYANA STEFANOVSKA, VALERII BARBASH, and TATIANA ZELENCHUK. "CHARACTERISTICS OF PULP OBTAINED FROM MISCANTHUS x GIGANTEUS BIOMASS PRODUCED IN LEAD-CONTAMINATED SOIL." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 55, no. 3-4 (April 20, 2021): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2021.55.27.

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"The main goal of the study was to investigate processing of Miscanthus x giganteus biomass produced in soil contaminated with lead and other trace elements (TEs) into pulp using chemical pulping. The phytoremediation parameters of the plant were measured during two growing seasons, which confirmed that the process can be defined as phytostabilization; the contaminants were mainly concentrated in the roots and practically did not translocate to the stalks and leaves, which permitted the use of the aboveground biomass to process into pulp using the organosolvent cooking. The chemical composition, morphological structure, and microscopic characteristics of various crops’ stalks were investigated and compared with the same parameters received for wood and other non-wood plant materials: rape, flax, hemp, and wheat straw. Indicators of pulp were studied depending on the duration of the organosolvent cooking. After 90 minutes of the cooking process, the peroxide pulp from M. x giganteus had a breaking length of 8300 m, tear resistance of 310 mN, and burst resistance of 220 kPa, testifying the high values of the indicators. Further research should investigate the properties of pulp produced from M. x giganteus biomass grown in soils contaminated with various TEs, as well as the possible translocation of elements to pulp."

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24

Pidlisnyuk, Valentina, Josef Trögl, Tetyana Stefanovska, Pavlo Shapoval, and Larry Erickson. "Preliminary Results on Growing Second Generation Biofuel Crop Miscanthus X Giganteus at The Polluted Military Site in Ukraine." Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nbec-2016-0008.

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Abstract The semi-field research on using second-generation biofuel crop Miscanthus x giganteus for restoration of former military site in Kamenetz-Podilsky, Ukraine was carried out during two vegetation seasons. Despite high metal pollution of soil, in particular, by Fe, Mn, Ti, and Zr, no growth inhibition was observed. The concentrations followed pattern soil > roots > stems > leaves. Accumulation of particular metals in roots was different: Fe, Mn and Ti were accumulated rather palpably after the first vegetation season and less tangible after the second one. Cu, Pb and Zn were less accumulative in both vegetation seasons, and for As and Pb the accumulative concentrations were very small. Accumulations in the aboveground parts of the plant in comparison to roots were significantly lower in case of Fe, Ti, Mn, Cu, Zn, Sr and even statistically comparable to zero in case of As, Pb and Zr. Calculated translocation ratio of metals in the plant’s parts preferably indicated lack of metals’ hyper accumulation. Generally, no correlations were observed between concentrations of metals in the soil and in the upper plant’s parts. The research confirmed the ability of Miscanthus x giganteus to grow on the military soils predominantly contaminated by metals.

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Villaverde, Juan José, Pablo Ligero, and Alberto de Vega. "Miscanthus x giganteus as a Source Of Biobased Products Through Organosolv Fractionation: A Mini Review." Open Agriculture Journal 4, no. 1 (December 31, 2010): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331501004010102.

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This paper deals with the chemical treatments with selected organic compounds that have been applied to Miscanthus to upgrade it, for pulp production or fractionation purposes. Organosolv processes have demonstrated their effectiveness as fractionation treatments; therefore special emphasis is placed on these systems and, in particular, those making use of carboxylic acids. That is, Acetosolv process that uses acetic acid-water-hydrochloric acid mixtures as delignifying agents, the process with formic acid-water-hydrochloric acid and the Milox process, which replaces the hydrochloric acid in the medium by hydrogen peroxide, thus forming peroxyacetic acid. Furthermore, we present the results of the characterizations that have been made in relation to extractives and lignin of Miscanthus. It also is analyzed the major changes undergone by lignin during organosolv treatments. Finally, some progresses in the field of TCF bleaching of the cellulose pulps obtained are summarized.

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Adjuik, Toby, Abbey M. Rodjom, Kimberley E. Miller, M. Toufiq M. Reza, and Sarah C. Davis. "Application of Hydrochar, Digestate, and Synthetic Fertilizer to a Miscanthus x giganteus Crop: Implications for Biomass and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): 8953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248953.

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Miscanthus x giganteus (miscanthus), a perennial biomass crop, allocates more carbon belowground and typically has lower soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than conventional feedstock crops, but best practices for nutrient management that maximize yield while minimizing soil GHG emissions are still debated. This study evaluated the effects of four different fertilization treatments (digestate from a biodigester, synthetic fertilizer (urea), hydrochar from the hydrothermal carbonization of digestate, and a control) on soil GHG emissions and biomass yield of an established miscanthus stand grown on abandoned agricultural land. Soil GHG fluxes (including CH4, CO2, and N2O) were sampled in all treatments using the static chamber methodology. Average biomass yield varied from 20.2 Mg ha−1 to 23.5 Mg ha−1, but there were no significant differences among the four treatments (p > 0.05). The hydrochar treatment reduced mean CO2 emissions by 34% compared to the control treatment, but this difference was only statistically significant in one of the two sites tested. Applying digestate to miscanthus resulted in a CH4 efflux from the soil in one of two sites, while soils treated with urea and hydrochar acted as CH4 sinks in both sites. Overall, fertilization did not significantly improve biomass yield, but hydrochar as a soil amendment has potential for reducing soil GHG fluxes.

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Curley, E. M., M. G. O`Flynn, and K. P. McDonnell. "Nitrate Leaching Losses from Miscanthus x giganteus Impact on Groundwater Quality." Journal of Agronomy 8, no. 3 (June 15, 2009): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ja.2009.107.112.

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Bilandzija, Nikola, Vanja Jurisic, Neven Voca, Josip Leto, Ana Matin, Stjepan Sito, and Tajana Kricka. "Combustion properties of Miscanthus x giganteus biomass – Optimization of harvest time." Journal of the Energy Institute 90, no. 4 (August 2017): 528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2016.05.009.

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Didier, Técher, Laval-Gilly Philippe, Henry Sonia, Bennasroune Amar, Martinez-Chois Claudia, D’Innocenzo Marielle, and Falla Jairo. "Prospects of Miscanthus x giganteus for PAH phytoremediation: A microcosm study." Industrial Crops and Products 36, no. 1 (March 2012): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.10.030.

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Villaverde, Juan José, Pablo Ligero, and Alberto Vega. "Fractionation of Miscanthus x giganteus via modification of the Formacell process." Industrial Crops and Products 77 (December 2015): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.08.066.

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YU, CHANG YEON, HYOUNG SEOK KIM, A. LANE RAYBURN, JACK M. WIDHOLM, and JOHN A. JUVIK. "Chromosome doubling of the bioenergy crop,Miscanthus×giganteus." GCB Bioenergy 1, no. 6 (December 2009): 404–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-1707.2010.01032.x.

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32

Krzyżaniak, Michał, Mariusz J. Stolarski, and Kazimierz Warmiński. "Life Cycle Assessment of Giant Miscanthus: Production on Marginal Soil with Various Fertilisation Treatments." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 14, 2020): 1931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13081931.

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In Poland, unutilised land occupies approximately two million hectares, and it could be partly dedicated to the production of perennial crops. This study aimed to determine the environmental impact of the production of giant miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus J.M. Greef & M. Deuter). The experiment was set up on a low-fertility site. The crop was cultivated on sandy soil, fertilised with digestate, and mineral fertilisers (in the dose of 85 and 170 kg ha−1 N), and was compared with giant miscanthus cultivated with no fertilisation (control). The cradle-to-farm gate system boundary was applied. Fertilisers were more detrimental to the environment than the control in all analysed categories. The weakest environmental links in the production of miscanthus in the non-fertilised treatment were fuel consumption and the application of pre-emergent herbicide. In fertilised treatments, fertilisers exerted the greatest environmental impact in all the stages of crop production. The production and use of fertilisers contributed to fossil depletion, human toxicity, and freshwater and terrestrial ecotoxicity. Digestate fertilisers did not lower the impact of biomass production. The current results indicate that the analysed fertiliser rates are not justified in the production of giant miscanthus on nutrient-deficient soils.

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Górska, Ewa Beata, Wojciech Stępień, Izabella Olejniczak, Stefan Pietkiewicz, Hazem M. Halaji, and Paweł Kowalczyk. "Microbial properties of soil fertilized by sewage sludge and cultivated with energy crops." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2016.14.3.07.

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The microbial activity of soil enriched with sewage sludge and cultivated with energy crops, is little known. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of sewage sludge fertilization on selected microorganisms in soil cultivated with the following crops: Miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus Greef et Deu), Virginia mallow (Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby) and Common Osier willow (Salix viminalis L.). Sewage sludge was used in two rates 10 and 20 t/ha dry weight (DW). The numbers of total coliforms bacteria, sulphate-reducing spore-forming bacteria, Proteus sp., saprophytic, thermophilic and aerobic spore-forming bacteria were examined. Sewage sludge increased the number of coliforms and sulphate-reducing spore-forming bacteria, and stimulated the growth of saprophytic and thermophilic bacteria. Cultivation of Miscanthus limited the number of coliforms bacteria, while Virginia mallow and Miscanthus reduced the number of sulphate- -reducing spore-forming bacteria. Common Osier willow stimulated the growth of saprophytic bacteria in the soil, while Virginia mallow the number of spore-forming bacteria. Our results revealed that microbial activity of soil expressed as the number of selected bacterial groups, depends not only on the applied rate of sewage sludge fertilizer, but also on the cultivated energy crop.

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Pidlisnyuk, Valentina V., Larry E. Erickson, Josef Trögl, Pavlo Y. Shapoval, Jan Popelka, Lawrence C. Davis, Tetyana R. Stefanovska, and Ganga M. Hettiarachchi. "Metals uptake behaviour in Miscanthus x giganteus plant during growth at the contaminated soil from the military site in Sliač, Slovakia." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 20, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2018-0016.

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Abstract Peculiarities of metals uptake by the biofuel crop Miscanthus x giganteus were explored during plant growth at soil from the military site (Sliač, Slovakia). The experiment was carried out in greenhouse during two vegetation seasons. Research soil was predominantly elevated in Fe and Ti, while other metals (As, Cu, Mn, Sr, Zn and Zr) were presented at order of magnitude lower concentrations. No inhibition of plant growth was observed. The calculated Bioconcentration Factor showed that levels of metals’ accumulation by plant roots, stems and leaves were independent of metals’ concentrations in the soil. The accumulation of metals by stems and leaves was much lower than by roots. As, Zr, Ti were almost not accumulated by stems and leaves during both seasons; accumulation of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and Sr was not essential which confirmed that biomass of M. x giganteus might be processed for the energy purpose.

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35

Saletnik, Bogdan, Grzegorz Zagula, Marcin Bajcar, Maria Czernicka, and Czeslaw Puchalski. "Biochar and Biomass Ash as a Soil Ameliorant: The Effect on Selected Soil Properties and Yield of Giant Miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus)." Energies 11, no. 10 (September 22, 2018): 2535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102535.

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We assess the possibility of using biochar and ash from plant biomass to fertilise giant miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus). The paper concerns the optimisation of the combination of fertiliser applications of the aforementioned materials in the context of the plant yield obtained. There was an increase in yield of 8–68% over the two years of research when compared with the control plots. It was found that the application of biochar, ash from biomass and a combination of the two at appropriate rates as a soil additive can substitute for classic mineral fertilisers and strengthen the ecological aspects of energy crop cultivation. The interpretation of the results obtained enabled the selection of optimum fertiliser applications, resulting in a significant increase in the yield of plants and an improvement in soil chemical properties. It was found that the highest yield of dry matter of giant miscanthus plants, after both the first and second year of cultivation, was obtained by applying the fertiliser containing ash at a rate of 1.5 t ha−1, together with biocarbon and the combination of biochar and ash at a rate of 1.5 t ha−1.

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36

Malinská, Hana Auer, Martin Vaněk, Diana Nebeská, David Šubrt, Marián Brestič, and Josef Trögl. "Plant priming changes physiological properties and lignin content in Miscanthus x giganteus." Industrial Crops and Products 174 (December 2021): 114185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.114185.

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37

Villaverde, J. J., R. M. A. Domingues, C. S. R. Freire, A. J. D. Silvestre, C. Pascoal Neto, P. Ligero, and A. Vega. "Miscanthus x giganteus Extractives: A Source of Valuable Phenolic Compounds and Sterols." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57, no. 9 (May 13, 2009): 3626–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf900071t.

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38

Horvat, Alen, Marzena Kwapinska, Gang Xue, Luc P. L. M. Rabou, Daya Shankar Pandey, Witold Kwapinski, and James J. Leahy. "Tars from Fluidized Bed Gasification of Raw and Torrefied Miscanthus x giganteus." Energy & Fuels 30, no. 7 (June 15, 2016): 5693–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00532.

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39

Rehbein, Kaja, Alexandra Sandhage-Hofmann, and Wulf Amelung. "Soil carbon accrual in particle-size fractions under Miscanthus x. giganteus cultivation." Biomass and Bioenergy 78 (July 2015): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.04.006.

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40

Yang, Han, Yefei Zhang, Ryo Kato, and Stuart J. Rowan. "Preparation of cellulose nanofibers from Miscanthus x. Giganteus by ammonium persulfate oxidation." Carbohydrate Polymers 212 (May 2019): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.008.

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41

Bilandzija, Nikola, Vanja Jurisic, Neven Voca, Josip Leto, Ana Matin, Mateja Grubor, and Tajana Kricka. "Energy valorization of Miscanthus x giganteus biomass: A case study in Croatia." Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 21, no. 2 (2017): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jpea1701032b.

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42

Richel, Aurore, Caroline Vanderghem, Mathilde Simon, Bernard Wathelet, and Michel Paquot. "Evaluation of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass spectrometry for second-Generation Lignin Analysis." Analytical Chemistry Insights 7 (January 2012): ACI.S10799. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/aci.s10799.

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Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry is evaluated as an elucidation tool for structural features and molecular weights estimation of some extracted herbaceous lignins. Optimization of analysis conditions, using a typical organic matrix, namely α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA), in combination with α-cyclodextrin, allows efficient ionization of poorly soluble lignin materials and suppression of matrix-related ions background. Analysis of low-mass fragments ions ( m/z 100-600) in the positive ion mode offers a “fingerprint” of starting lignins that could be a fine strategy to qualitatively identify principal inter-unit linkages between phenylpropanoid units. The molecular weights of lignins are estimated using size exclusion chromatography and compared to MALDI-TOF-MS profiles. Miscanthus ( Miscanthus x giganteus) and Switchgrass ( Panicum Virgatum L.) lignins, recovered after a formic acid/acetic acid/water process or aqueous ammonia soaking, are selected as benchmarks for this study.

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43

Ivanova, Tatiana, Bohumil Havrland, Radek Novotny, Alexandru Muntean, and Petr Hutla. "Influence of raw material properties on energy consumption during briquetting process." BIO Web of Conferences 10 (2018): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20181002006.

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Biomass is doubtless a very significant source of renewable energy being worldwide abundant with high energy potential. This paper deals with assessment energy consumption at especially grinding and briquetting processes, which should result in essential economy of energy at solid biofuel production. Various types of raw materials were used at the experiment such as hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) biomass, two species of Miscanthus (Miscanthus sinensis, Miscanthus x gigantheus) and apple wood biomass. These materials were dried, grinded and pressed by piston press having pressing chamber diameter of 65 mm. Materials were grinded into three fractions (4 mm, 8 mm and 12 mm). Material throughput (kg.h-1) and energy consumption (kWh.t-1) were registered. As to results: the highest throughput at both grinding cases as well as briquetting was found at apple wood biomass; however the energy consumption during briquetting of apple wood was relatively high. The worst results concerning throughput and energy consumption (especially at briquetting) were found at hemp biomass. Nevertheless, briquettes made of hemp had the best mechanical durability. Both Miscunthus species (herbaceous biomass) have very similar parameters and showed quite good relation between throughput and energy consumption at the used machines.

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44

Tóth, Szilárd, and Pál Pepó. "Nutrient Uptake of Miscanthus in vitro Cultures." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (May 12, 2002): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/3531.

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The large biomass production and the low necessary input fertilizer make Miscanthus an interesting, potential non-food crop with broad applications, e.g. for fuel and energy, for thatching, fiber production, for the paper and car industries, as well as for ethanol production.Axillary buds of Miscanthus x giganteus were placed on a shoot inducing nutrient solution (modified Murashige and Skoog, 1962), basic medium supplemented with 0,3 mg l-1 6-Benzylaminopurin. After 40 days of culturing, the axillary buds produced three times more shoots than could normally be harvested. The nutrient content (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) was measured several times during culturing. The results showed that, after 35 days, nitrogen and phosphate were nearly completely taken up. From that time, shoot growth was not observed.After shoot propagation, the plants were transfered into a nutrient solution for root formation (modified Murashige and Skoog, 1962), basic medium supplemented with 0,5 mg l-1 Indole- 3-Butyric acid, and could be potted in soil after about 14 days.

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Matyka, Mariusz, and Jan Kuś. "Influence of Soil Quality for Yielding and Biometric Features of Miscanthus x Giganteus." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 25, no. 1 (2016): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/60108.

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Le Ngoc Huyen, Tran, Michèle Queneudec T’Kint, Caroline Remond, Brigitte Chabbert, and Rose-Marie Dheilly. "Saccharification of Miscanthus x giganteus, incorporation of lignocellulosic by-product in cementitious matrix." Comptes Rendus Biologies 334, no. 11 (November 2011): 837.e1–837.e11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2011.07.008.

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Boakye-Boaten, Nana Abayie, Lyubov Kurkalova, Shuangning Xiu, and Abolghasem Shahbazi. "Techno-economic analysis for the biochemical conversion of Miscanthus x giganteus into bioethanol." Biomass and Bioenergy 98 (March 2017): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.01.017.

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Richter, Goetz M., Richard J. Murphy, Andrew B. Riche, Muhammad B. Umer, and March Castle. "Modelling the interaction between rhizome and aboveground growth dynamics of Miscanthus x giganteus." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 153, no. 2 (June 2009): S229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.04.636.

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Perrier, A., L. Hardion, A. Rozan, C. Staentzel, and I. Combroux. "Miscanthus x giganteus crop fields hide a genotype of the invasive M. sacchariflorus." Weed Research 59, no. 6 (October 4, 2019): 446–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/wre.12382.

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Mos, M., S. W. Banks, D. J. Nowakowski, P. R. H. Robson, A. V. Bridgwater, and I. S. Donnison. "Impact of Miscanthus x giganteus senescence times on fast pyrolysis bio-oil quality." Bioresource Technology 129 (February 2013): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.069.

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