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Ogura, Toru, and Chihiro Shiraishi. "Cutoff Value for Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney Test by Minimum P-value: Application to COVID-19 Data." International Journal of Statistics and Probability 11, no. 3 (March 9, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijsp.v11n3p1.
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Dependent and independent variables may appear uncorrelated when analyzed in full range in medical data. However, when an independent variable is divided by the cutoff value, the dependent and independent variables may become correlated in each group. Furthermore, researchers often convert independent variables of quantitative data into binary data by cutoff value and perform statistical analysis with the data. Therefore, it is important to select the optimum cutoff value since performing statistical analysis depends on the cutoff value. Our study determines the optimal cutoff value when the data of dependent and independent variables are quantitative. The piecewise linear regression analysis divides an independent variable into two by the cutoff value, and linear regression analysis is performed in each group. However, the piecewise linear regression analysis may not obtain the optimal cutoff value when data follow a non-normal distribution. Unfortunately, medical data often follows a non-normal distribution. We, therefore, performed theWilcoxon-Mann-Whitney (WMW) test with two-sided for all potential cutoff values and adopted the cutoff value that minimizes the P-value (called minimum P-value approach). Calculating the cutoff value using the minimum P-value approach is often used in the log-rank and chi-squared test but not the WMW test. First, using Monte Carlo simulations at various settings, we verified the performance of the cutoff value for the WMW test by the minimum P-value approach. Then, COVID-19 data were analyzed to demonstrate the practical applicability of the cutoff value.
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Lin, Yunzhi. "Robust inference for responder analysis: Innovative clinical trial design using a minimum p-value approach." Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications 3 (August 2016): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conctc.2016.04.001.
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Ogura, T., and C. Shiraishi. "Search method for two cutoff values in clinical trial using Kruskal-Wallis test by minimum P-value approach." Journal of Applied Mathematics, Statistics and Informatics 18, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jamsi-2022-0010.
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Abstract In clinical trials, age is often converted to binary data by the cutoff value. However, when looking at a scatter plot for a group of patients whose age is larger than or equal to the cutoff value, age and outcome may not be related. If the group whose age is greater than or equal to the cutoff value is further divided into two groups, the older of the two groups may appear to be at lower risk. In this case, it may be necessary to further divide the group of patients whose age is greater than or equal to the cutoff value into two groups. This study provides a method for determining which of the two or three groups is the best split. The following two methods are used to divide the data. The existing method, the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test by minimum P-value approach, divides data into two groups by one cutoff value. A new method, the Kruskal-Wallis test by minimum P-value approach, divides data into three groups by two cutoff values. Of the two tests, the one with the smaller P-value is used. Because this was a new decision procedure, it was tested using Monte Carlo simulations (MCSs) before application to the available COVID-19 data. The MCS results showed that this method performs well. In the COVID-19 data, it was optimal to divide into three groups by two cutoff values of 60 and 70 years old. By looking at COVID-19 data separated into three groups according to the two cutoff values, it was confirmed that each group had different features. We provided the R code that can be used to replicate the results of this manuscript. Another practical example can be performed by replacing x and y with appropriate ones.
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Page, Robert, and Eiki Satake. "Beyond P values and Hypothesis Testing: Using the Minimum Bayes Factor to Teach Statistical Inference in Undergraduate Introductory Statistics Courses." Journal of Education and Learning 6, no. 4 (August 2, 2017): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v6n4p254.
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While interest in Bayesian statistics has been growing in statistics education, the treatment of the topic is still inadequate in both textbooks and the classroom. Because so many fields of study lead to careers that involve a decision-making process requiring an understanding of Bayesian methods, it is becoming increasingly clear that Bayesian methods should be included in classes that cover the P value and Hypothesis Testing. We discuss several fallacies associated with the P value and Hypothesis Testing, including why Fisher’s P value and Neyman-Pearson’s Hypothesis Tests are incompatible with each other and cannot be combined to answer the question “What is the probability of the truth of one’s belief based on the evidence?” We go on to explain how the Minimum Bayes Factor can be used as an alternative to frequentist methods, and why the Bayesian approach results in more accurate, credible, and relevant test results when measuring the strength of the evidence. We conclude that educators must realize the importance of teaching the correct interpretation of Fisher’s P value and its alternative, the Bayesian approach, to students in an introductory statistics course.
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Danko, Jakub, Vincent Šoltés, and Tomáš Bindzár. "New Approach to Portfolio Creation Using the Minimum Spanning Tree Theory and Its Robust Evaluation." Quality Innovation Prosperity 24, no. 2 (July 31, 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12776/qip.v24i2.1450.
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<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The aim of this paper is to describe another possibility of portfolio creation using the minimum spanning tree method. The research contributes to the existing body of knowledge with using and subsequently developing a new approach based on graph theory, which is suitable for an individual investor who wants to create an investment portfolio.</p><p><strong>Methodology/Approach:</strong> The analyzed data is divided into two (disjoint) sets – a training and a testing set. Portfolio comparisons were carried out during the test period, which always followed immediately after the training period and had a length of one year. For the sake of objectivity of the comparison, all proposed portfolios always consist of ten shares of equal weight.</p><p><strong>Findings:</strong> Based on the results from the analysis, we can see that our proposed method offers (on average) the best appreciation of the invested resources and also the least risky investment in terms of relative variability, what could be considered as very attractive from an individual investor’s point of view.</p><p><strong>Research Limitation/implication:</strong> In our paper, we did not consider any fees related to the purchase and holding of financial instruments in the portfolio. For periods with extreme market returns (sharp increase or decrease), the use of Pearson’s correlation coefficient is not appropriate.</p><strong>Originality/Value of paper:</strong> The main practical benefit of the research is that it presents and offers an interesting and practical investment strategy for an individual investor who wants to take an active approach to investment.
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Wilks, D. S. "On “Field Significance” and the False Discovery Rate." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 45, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 1181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2404.1.
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Abstract The conventional approach to evaluating the joint statistical significance of multiple hypothesis tests (i.e., “field,” or “global,” significance) in meteorology and climatology is to count the number of individual (or “local”) tests yielding nominally significant results and then to judge the unusualness of this integer value in the context of the distribution of such counts that would occur if all local null hypotheses were true. The sensitivity (i.e., statistical power) of this approach is potentially compromised both by the discrete nature of the test statistic and by the fact that the approach ignores the confidence with which locally significant tests reject their null hypotheses. An alternative global test statistic that has neither of these problems is the minimum p value among all of the local tests. Evaluation of field significance using the minimum local p value as the global test statistic, which is also known as the Walker test, has strong connections to the joint evaluation of multiple tests in a way that controls the “false discovery rate” (FDR, or the expected fraction of local null hypothesis rejections that are incorrect). In particular, using the minimum local p value to evaluate field significance at a level αglobal is nearly equivalent to the slightly more powerful global test based on the FDR criterion. An additional advantage shared by Walker’s test and the FDR approach is that both are robust to spatial dependence within the field of tests. The FDR method not only provides a more broadly applicable and generally more powerful field significance test than the conventional counting procedure but also allows better identification of locations with significant differences, because fewer than αglobal × 100% (on average) of apparently significant local tests will have resulted from local null hypotheses that are true.
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Torres-Mantilla, H. A., L. Cuesta-Herrera, J. E. Andrades-Grassi, and G. Bianchi. "Simulation of inference test performance for minimum inhibitory concentration censored data." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2153, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2153/1/012013.
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Abstract The estimation of the minimum inhibitory concentration is usually performed by a method of serial dilutions by a factor of 2, introducing the overestimation of antimicrobial efficacy, quantified by a simulation model that shows that the variability of the bias is higher for the standard deviation, being dependent on the metric distance to the values of the concentrations used. We use a methodological approach through modeling and simulation for the measurement error of physical variables with censored information, proposing a new inference method based on the calculation of the exact probability for the set of possible samples from nmeasurements that allows quantifying the p-value in one or two independent sample tests for the comparison of censored data means. Tests based on exact probability methods offer a reasonable solution for small sample sizes, with statistical power varying according to the hypothesis evaluated, providing insight into the limitations of censored data analysis and providing a tool for decision making in the diagnosis of antimicrobial efficacy.
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Özdalyan, Fırat, Hikmet Gümüş, Celal Gençoğlu, Mert Tunar, Caner Çetinkaya, and Berkant Muammer Kayatekin. "Comparison of the biomechanical parameters during drop jump on compliant and noncompliant surfaces: A new methodological approach." Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine 57, no. 1 (December 11, 2021): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47447/tjsm.0553.
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Objective: Bilateral plyometric training of the lower extremities has been shown to provide improvement in vertical force production. However, designing a proper plyometric training program and choosing the appropriate surface is critical, otherwise the risk of injury and lower extremity joint pathologies increases. The aim of this study was to compare biomechanical parameters between mini-trampoline and noncompliant surface during drop jumping. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four male adults participated in the study. Active markers were placed on the left knee, ankle and hip joints of the participants. Also, a force sensing resistor was placed under the participants’ left shoes. During drop jumping, the knee joint angles were recorded by the camera while a data set of reaction forces and loading rates were collected using a force sensing resistor. Data were compared with paired samples T-test. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: The mean values of maximum reaction forces and loading rates were greater on the noncompliant surface (p < 0.001). Mean knee joint angles for frame at which the knee angle is minimum and the frames one before and one after the frame at which the minimum value is obtained were similar between surfaces, however, were found to be smaller on noncompliant surface for the remaining eight frames (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicates that the range of bending values in the knee joint is greater on noncompliant surface compared to mini-trampoline during drop jump. Since the mini-trampoline resulted in lower reaction forces and loading rates, it can be used as an exercise equipment to minimize the injury risk of plyometric training.
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Ma, Chenchen, and Shihong Yue. "Minimum Sample Size Estimate for Classifying Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma." Applied Sciences 12, no. 17 (August 24, 2022): 8469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12178469.
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Statistical Learning Theory (SLT) plays an important role in prediction estimation and machine learning when only limited samples are available. At present, determining how many samples are necessary under given circumstances for prediction accuracy is still an unknown. In this paper, the medical diagnosis on lung cancer is taken as an example to solve the problem. Invasive adenocarcinoma (IA) is a main type of lung cancer, often presented as ground glass nodules (GGNs) in patient’s CT images. Accurately discriminating IA from non-IA based on GGNs has important implications for taking the right approach to treatment and cure. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is an SLT application and is used to classify GGNs, wherein the interrelation between the generalization and the lower bound of necessary sampling numbers can be effectively recovered. In this research, to validate the interrelation, 436 GGNs were collected and labeled using surgical pathology. Then, a feature vector was constructed for each GGN sample through the fully connected layer of AlexNet. A 10-dimensional feature subset was then selected with the p-value calculated using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Finally, four sets with different sample sizes were used to construct an SVM classifier. Experiments show that a theoretical estimate of minimum sample size is consistent with actual values, and the lower bound on sample size can be solved under various generalization requirements.
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Wahyuningsih, Trionika Dian, Sri Sulistijowati Handajani, and Diari Indriati. "Penerapan Generalized Cross Validation dalam Model Regresi Smoothing Spline pada Produksi Ubi Jalar di Jawa Tengah." Indonesian Journal of Applied Statistics 1, no. 2 (March 13, 2019): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/ijas.v1i2.26250.
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<p>Sweet Potato is a useful plant as a source carbohydrates, proteins, and is used as an animal feed and ingredient industry. Based on data from the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), the production fluctuations of the sweet potato in Central Java from year to year are caused by many factor. The production of sweet potato and the factors that affected it if they are described into a pattern of relationships then they do not have a specific pattern and do not follow a particular distribution, such as harvest area, the allocation of subsidized urea fertilizer, and the allocation of subsidized organic fertilizer. Therefore, the production model of sweet potato could be applied into nonparametric regression model. The approach used for nonparametric regression in this study is smoothing spline regression. The method used in regression smoothing spline is generalized cross validation (GCV). The value of the smoothing parameter (λ) is chosen from the minimum GCV value. The results of the study show that the optimum λ value for the factors of harvest area, urea fertilizer and organic fertilizer are 5.57905e-14, 2.51426e-06, and 3.227217e-13 that they result a minimum GCV i.e 2.29272e-21, 1.38391e-16, and 3.46813e-24.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Sweet potato; nonparametric; smoothing spline; generalized cross validation.</p>
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Taufiq, Lathifatuzzahra, S. Sriyati, and D. Priyandonko. "Students’ Conceptual Change On Human Reproduction Concept Using Scientific Approach." International Journal of Science and Applied Science: Conference Series 2, no. 1 (December 10, 2017): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/ijsascs.v2i1.16714.
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<p class="Abstract">This study aim was to describe students’ conceptual change and investigate the patterns of students’ conceptual change in human reproduction system concept through application scientific approach. The research method was weak experimental with one group pretest-post-test design and the number subject of this study were 34 students, 11<sup>th</sup> -grade students of SMAN 1 Indramayu. The instrument was three tier test which given at pretest and post-test. Data analyzed used qualitative and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis obtained through analyzed student answer then classified into category suitable. Quantitative analysis obtained through calculation N-gain value and one sample t test. The results showed mostly students had a misconception and lack of knowledge on all of the human reproduction concept. After a lesson, a conceptual change occurred, a percentage of students who have scientific concept increased from 27,74% to 79,23% and the average value of N-gain included into category medium (0,69). According to one sample t test, showed that there was a significant difference between post-test and minimum completeness criteria (KKM) value, 75 (amp. Sign 2 tailed = 0,048). Therefore, a scientific approach supported to build the concept. Furthermore, the analysis also showed students’ conceptual change patterns: changed to be positive, changed to be negative, still positive, and still negative. Pattern 4 (lack knowledge to be understanding a concept or changed to be positive) is the most which got 31,69%.</p>
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Wahyuni, Aria, Uzia Zaida Lawati, and Eka Gusti. "Korelasi Lama Menjalani Hemodialisa Dengan Pruritus Pada Pasien Hemodialisa." Jurnal Endurance 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.22216/jen.v4i1.3845.
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<p><em>Dialysis is a process that aims to remove fluid and waste products from the body when kidney function is unable to carry out the process. One complication that is often experienced by patients is pruritus. This study aims to determine the long-standing relationship of undergoing hemodialysis with pruritus in patients with chronic renal failure. The design of the study was descriptive analytic with a cross sectional approach. The population of this study was all patients who underwent hemodialysis amounted to 83 people and all populations taken as samples with the technique used was total sampling. Data analysis used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using correlation test. The results showed that the average length of patients undergoing hemodialysis was 20.58 months with minimum and maximum values of 1 month and 98 months. The average score of patients who experience pruritus is 9.40 with a minimum and maximum value of 0 and 19. Relationship analysis showed a long association with hemodialysis with pruritus (p Value 0.023, r = 1). It is expected that nurses can modify the provision of nursing care by providing understanding to patients the importance of maintaining skin to prevent further pruritus by applying prutitus management in the hemodialysis room.</em></p><p> </p><p>Dialisis merupakan proses yang bertujuan untuk mengeluarkan cairan dan produk limbah dari dalam tubuh ketika fungsi ginjal tidak mampu melaksanakan proses tersebut. Salah satu komplikasi yang sering dialami pasien adalah pruritus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lama menjalani hemodialisa dengan pruritus pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik. Desain penelitiannya adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah semua pasien yang menjalani hemodialisa berjumlah 83 orang dan semua populasi diambil sebagai sampel dengan teknik yang digunakan adalah adalah total sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata lama pasien yang menjalani hemodialysis adalah 20,58 bulan dengan nilai minimum dan maksimum adalah 1 bulan dan 98 bulan. Rata-rata skor pasien yang mengalami pruritus adalah 9.40 dengan dengan nilai minimum dan maksimum adalah 0 dan 19. Analisis hubungan menunjukkan adanya hubungan lama menjalani hemodialisa dengan pruritus (p Value 0.023, r = 1). Diharapkan perawat dapat memodifikasi pemberian asuhan keperawatan dengan memberikan pemahaman kepada pasien pentingnya menjaga kulit untuk mencegah pruritus lebih lanjut dengan menerapkan manajemen prutitus di ruang hemodialisa.</p>
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Kozlovič, Peter, Nejc Šarabon, and Borut Fonda. "3D Knee Loading during Stationary Cycling: A Comprehensive Model Development and Reliability Analysis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020528.
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The main purpose of this study was to develop and validate a 3D model for calculating knee joint loads during seated cycling. A 3D inverse dynamics approach was used to calculate knee and ankle joint loads using kinematics and kinetics data. For such a model, four kinematics clusters and three pedal markers were used, integrated with a 6-component force/torque pedal dynamometer. Seven subjects performed one five-minute trial on 75% of their maximum power at fixed cadence of 85 rpms. Data from two consecutive samples of the same cycling trial (first and last minute) were used to validate the model with the mean difference between two samples, Cronbach’s alpha, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and p-value. Results showed high ICC (>0.735) and internal consistency (>0.700) with no statistically significant values (p > 0.050) except for crank angle of peak anterior force and peak axial forces at the knee and minimum normal force (p = 0.010) and minimum crank angle (p = 0.010) on the pedal. Further analyses are required to validate the model between days and to test the sensitivity to mechanical constraints.
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Kozlovič, Peter, Nejc Šarabon, and Borut Fonda. "3D Knee Loading during Stationary Cycling: A Comprehensive Model Development and Reliability Analysis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020528.
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The main purpose of this study was to develop and validate a 3D model for calculating knee joint loads during seated cycling. A 3D inverse dynamics approach was used to calculate knee and ankle joint loads using kinematics and kinetics data. For such a model, four kinematics clusters and three pedal markers were used, integrated with a 6-component force/torque pedal dynamometer. Seven subjects performed one five-minute trial on 75% of their maximum power at fixed cadence of 85 rpms. Data from two consecutive samples of the same cycling trial (first and last minute) were used to validate the model with the mean difference between two samples, Cronbach’s alpha, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and p-value. Results showed high ICC (>0.735) and internal consistency (>0.700) with no statistically significant values (p > 0.050) except for crank angle of peak anterior force and peak axial forces at the knee and minimum normal force (p = 0.010) and minimum crank angle (p = 0.010) on the pedal. Further analyses are required to validate the model between days and to test the sensitivity to mechanical constraints.
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Suartini, Desak Nyoman, Andi Syamsul Bachri Jamal, and Anas Budi. "ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF MINIMUM SERVICE STANDARDS IN EMERGENCY INSTALLATION (IGD) OF REGIONAL PUBLIC HOSPITAL (RSUD) OF I LAGALIGO WOTU LUWU TIMUR DISTRICT." Nurse and Health: Jurnal Keperawatan 10, no. 2 (December 27, 2021): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36720/nhjk.v10i2.243.
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Background: Hospital Minimum Service Standards (SPM) are provisions for hospitals issued by the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in the context of government efforts to ensure the quality of hospital services. This Minimum Service Standard can be used as a guideline for the quality of service for every hospital in Indonesia. The Minimum Service Standard (SPM) is a quality guideline issued by the Minister of Health regarding the minimum service that must be provided by the hospital, where each hospital is required to assess and provide services in accordance with the Minimum Service Standards (SPM).
Objectives: A study to analyze the implementation of minimum service standards in the Emergency Department (IGD) Regional General Hospital (RSUD) I Lagaligo, East Luwu.
Methods: The research used in this research is descriptive analytic with a cross-sectional approach, in which all observed variables are measured simultaneously when the research is taking place. This research was conducted in the Emergency Room Installation Room (IGD) Regional General Hospital (RSUD) I Lagaligo East Luwu. Sample selection with total sampling technique. The research subjects were 33 respondents in the IGD Lagaligo Wotu East Luwu Regional Hospital.
Results: Infrastructure and human resources with minimum service standards. The results showed that the results of the bivariate analysis used the Chi-Square Test. It shows that there is a relationship between infrastructure and minimum service standards with a value of p = 0.008, there is a relationship between human resources and minimum service standards with a value of p = 0.000.
Conclusion: There are infrastructure facilities that can be used directly by health workers for the benefit of patients in the form of tools, materials, comfortable rooms and others. The human resources in the emergency department of Lagaligo Wotu Hospital are of good quality.
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Barman, Seema, Bonashree Phukan, Partha Sarathi Borah, Minakshi Puzari, Mohan Sharma, and Pankaj Chetia. "An in silico Approach to Identify Potential NDM-1 Inhibitors to Fight Multidrug Resistant Superbugs." Current Drug Therapy 14, no. 1 (March 6, 2019): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574885513666180514161513.
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Background: Antibiotic resistance is a global threat and the emergence of Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria compromises the treatment options, limiting the number of available drugs. New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) mediated drug resistance is one of the mechanisms associated with multidrug resistance. </P><P> Objective: In our study, reverse chemogenomics technique was applied for identification of potential NDM-1 inhibitors from plant sources to combat the issue of drug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. </P><P> Method: Computational methodologies were employed to understand and validate the molecular interaction between the target protein and the ligands. A total of 22 plant-based compounds were screened for inhibitory activity against NDM-1 through subsequent comparative molecular docking. The compounds were passed through Lipinski filter and ADME-Tox filter, which represent an important part of drug discovery. </P><P> Result: On the basis of optimum molecular docking values, Garcinol was recognized as the most potential NDM-1 inhibitor. However, in Quantitative-Structure Activity Relationship assessment, Ajugasterone-C showed the least value of minimum inhibitory concentration. Most of the compounds were found to comply with Lipinski rule of 5 and showed good results in ADME-Tox filtration. </P><P> Conclusion: Garcinol and Ajugasterone-C were found to possess drug like characteristics and can act as potential NDM-1 inhibitors.
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Shahjaman, Md, Md Rezanur Rahman, S. M. Shahinul Islam, and Md Nurul Haque Mollah. "A Robust Approach for Identification of Cancer Biomarkers and Candidate Drugs." Medicina 55, no. 6 (June 11, 2019): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060269.
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Background and objectives: Identification of cancer biomarkers that are differentially expressed (DE) between two biological conditions is an important task in many microarray studies. There exist several methods in the literature in this regards and most of these methods designed especially for unpaired samples, those are not suitable for paired samples. Furthermore, the traditional methods use p-values or fold change (FC) values to detect the DE genes. However, sometimes, p-value based results do not comply with FC based results due to the smaller pooled variance of gene expressions, which occurs when variance of each individual condition becomes smaller. There are some methods that combine both p-values and FC values to solve this problem. But, those methods also show weak performance for small sample cases in the presence of outlying expressions. To overcome this problem, in this paper, an attempt is made to propose a hybrid robust SAM-FC approach by combining rank of FC values and rank of p-values computed by SAM statistic using minimum β-divergence method, which is designed for paired samples. Materials and Methods: The proposed method introduces a weight function known as β-weight function. This weight function produces larger weights corresponding to usual and smaller weights for unusual expressions. The β-weight function plays the significant role on the performance of the proposed method. The proposed method uses β-weight function as a measure of outlier detection by setting β = 0.2. We unify both classical and robust estimates using β-weight function, such that maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) are used in absence of outliers and minimum β-divergence estimators are used in presence of outliers to obtain reasonable p-values and FC values in the proposed method. Results: We examined the performance of proposed method in a comparison of some popular methods (t-test, SAM, LIMMA, Wilcoxon, WAD, RP, and FCROS) using both simulated and real gene expression profiles for both small and large sample cases. From the simulation and a real spike in data analysis results, we observed that the proposed method outperforms other methods for small sample cases in the presence of outliers and it keeps almost equal performance with other robust methods (Wilcoxon, RP, and FCROS) otherwise. From the head and neck cancer (HNC) gene expression dataset, the proposed method identified two additional genes (CYP3A4 and NOVA1) that are significantly enriched in linoleic acid metabolism, drug metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolic pathways. The survival analysis through Kaplan–Meier curve revealed that combined effect of these two genes has prognostic capability and they might be promising biomarker of HNC. Moreover, we retrieved the 12 candidate drugs based on gene interaction from glad4u and drug bank literature based gene associations. Conclusions: Using pathway analysis, disease association study, protein–protein interactions and survival analysis we found that our proposed two additional genes might be involved in the critical pathways of cancer. Furthermore, the identified drugs showed statistical significance which indicates that proteins associated with these genes might be therapeutic target in cancer.
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Moghadam, Mohsen Khaleghi, and Renata Wieteska. "Existence and uniqueness of positive solution for nonlinear difference equations involving p(k)-Laplacian operator." Analele Universitatii "Ovidius" Constanta - Seria Matematica 27, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 141–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auom-2019-0008.
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Abstract In this paper, we deal with the existence of at least one and of at least two positive solutions as well the uniqueness of a positive solution for an anisotropic discrete non-linear problem involving p(k)-Laplacian with Dirichlet boundary value conditions. The technical approach for the existence part is based on a local minimum theorem and on a two critical points theorem for differentiable functionals, and for uniqueness part is based on a Lipschitzian continuous condition on the nonlinearity term.
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Simeoni, Ricardo. "A New Approach to High-Order Electroencephalogram Phase Analysis Details the Mathematical Mechanisms of Central Nervous System Impulse Encoding." UNET JOSS: Journal of Science and Society 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52042/unetjoss010101.
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This paper presents a new electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis technique which is applied to example EEGs pertaining to nine human subjects and a broad spectrum of clinical scenarios. While focusing on technique physical efficacy, the paper also paves the way for future clinically-focused studies with revelations of several quantified and detailed findings in relation to high-order central nervous system communicative impulse encoding akin to a sophisticated form of phase-shift keying. The fact that fine encoding details are extracted with confidence from a seemingly modest EEG set supports the paper’s position that vast amounts of accessible information currently goes unrecognised by conventional EEG analysis. The technique commences with high resolution Fourier analysis being twice applied to an EEG, providing newly-identified harmonics. Except for deep sleep where harmonic phase, φ, behaviour becomes highly linear, φ transitional values, ∆φ, measured between harmonics of progressively increasing order are found to cluster rather than follow a normal distribution (e.g., χ2 = 303, df = 12, p < 0.001). Clustering is categorised into ten Families for which many separations between ∆φ values are writable in terms of k = j/4 or j/3 (j = 1, 2, 3 ...), with a preference for k = j/2 (χ2 = 77, df = 1, p < 0.001), amounts of a Family-specific quantum increment value, α∆φ. A parabolic relationship (r > 0.9999, p < 0.001) exists between α∆φ (and the parabola minimum associates with an additional inter-Family or universal quantum increment value, αmin). Ratios of α∆φ typically align within ± 0.5% of simple common fractions (95% CI).
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Roy, Supriyo, and Prasanta Sahoo. "An Experimental Approach for Optimizing Coating Parameters of Electroless Ni-P-Cu Coating Using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm." International Scholarly Research Notices 2014 (October 30, 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/976869.
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This paper aims to present an experimental investigation for optimum tribological behavior (wear depth and coefficient of friction) of electroless Ni-P-Cu coatings based on four process parameters using artificial bee colony algorithm. Experiments are carried out by utilizing the combination of three coating process parameters, namely, nickel sulphate, sodium hypophosphite, and copper sulphate, and the fourth parameter is postdeposition heat treatment temperature. The design of experiment is based on the Taguchi L27 experimental design. After coating, measurement of wear and coefficient of friction of each heat-treated sample is done using a multitribotester apparatus with block-on-roller arrangement. Both friction and wear are found to increase with increase of source of nickel concentration and decrease with increase of source of copper concentration. Artificial bee colony algorithm is successfully employed to optimize the multiresponse objective function for both wear depth and coefficient of friction. It is found that, within the operating range, a lower value of nickel concentration, medium value of hypophosphite concentration, higher value of copper concentration, and higher value of heat treatment temperature are suitable for having minimum wear and coefficient of friction. The surface morphology, phase transformation behavior, and composition of coatings are also studied with the help of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and energy dispersed X-ray analysis, respectively.
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Dohzono, Sho, Hiromitsu Toyoda, Akira Matsumura, Hidetomi Terai, Akinobu Suzuki, and Hiroaki Nakamura. "Clinical and Radiological Outcomes after Microscopic Bilateral Decompression via a Unilateral Approach for Degenerative Lumbar Disease: Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up." Asian Spine Journal 11, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4184/asj.2017.11.2.285.
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<sec><title>Study Design</title><p>A retrospective study.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>To assess postoperative bone regrowth at surgical sites after lumbar decompression with >5 years of follow-up. Postoperative preservation of facet joints and segmental spinal instability following surgery were also evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>Overview of Literature</title><p>Previous reports have documented bone regrowth after conventional laminectomy or laminotomy and several factors associated with new bone formation.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Forty-nine patients who underwent microscopic bilateral decompression via a unilateral approach at L4–5 were reviewed. Primary outcomes included correlations among postoperative bone regrowth, preservation of facet joints, radiographic parameters, and clinical outcomes. Secondary outcomes included comparative analyses of radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes among preoperative diagnoses (lumbar spinal stenosis, degenerative spondylolisthesis, and degenerative lumbar scoliosis).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The average value of bone regrowth at the latest follow-up was significantly higher on the dorsal side of the facet joint (3.4 mm) than on the ventral side (1.3 mm). Percent facet joint preservation was significantly smaller on the approach side (79.2%) than on the contralateral side (95.2%). Bone regrowth showed a significant inverse correlation with age, but no significant correlation was observed with facet joint preservation, gender, postoperative segmental spinal motion, or clinical outcomes. Subanalysis of these data revealed that bone regrowth at the latest follow-up was significantly greater in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis than in those with lumbar spinal stenosis. Postoperative segmental spinal motion at L4–L5 did not progress significantly in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis or degenerative lumbar scoliosis compared with those with lumbar spinal stenosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Microscopic bilateral decompression via a unilateral approach prevents postoperative spinal instability because of satisfactory preservation of facet joints, which may be the primary reason for inadequate bone regrowth. Postoperative bone regrowth was not related to clinical outcomes and postoperative segmental spinal instability.</p></sec>
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Jiang, Huiqin, Pu Wu, Zehui Shao, Yongsheng Rao, and Jia-Bao Liu. "The Double Roman Domination Numbers of Generalized Petersen Graphs P(n, 2)." Mathematics 6, no. 10 (October 16, 2018): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math6100206.
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A double Roman dominating function (DRDF) f on a given graph G is a mapping from V ( G ) to { 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 } in such a way that a vertex u for which f ( u ) = 0 has at least a neighbor labeled 3 or two neighbors both labeled 2 and a vertex u for which f ( u ) = 1 has at least a neighbor labeled 2 or 3. The weight of a DRDF f is the value w ( f ) = ∑ u ∈ V ( G ) f ( u ) . The minimum weight of a DRDF on a graph G is called the double Roman domination number γ d R ( G ) of G. In this paper, we determine the exact value of the double Roman domination number of the generalized Petersen graphs P ( n , 2 ) by using a discharging approach.
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Chalitsios, Christos, Thomas Nikodelis, Vassilios Panoutsakopoulos, Christos Chassanidis, and Iraklis Kollias. "Classification of Soccer and Basketball Players’ Jumping Performance Characteristics: A Logistic Regression Approach." Sports 7, no. 7 (July 4, 2019): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7070163.
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This study aimed to examine countermovement jump (CMJ) kinetic data using logistic regression, in order to distinguish sports-related mechanical profiles. Eighty-one professional basketball and soccer athletes participated, each performing three CMJs on a force platform. Inferential parametric and nonparametric statistics were performed to explore group differences. Binary logistic regression was used to model the response variable (soccer or not soccer). Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was reached for differences between groups in maximum braking rate of force development (RFDDmax, U79 = 1035), mean braking rate of force development (RFDDavg, U79 = 1038), propulsive impulse (IMPU, t79 = 2.375), minimum value of vertical displacement for center of mass (SBCMmin, t79 = 3.135), and time difference (% of impulse time; ΔΤ) between the peak value of maximum force value (FUmax) and SBCMmin (U79 = 1188). Logistic regression showed that RFDDavg, impulse during the downward phase (IMPD), IMPU, and ΔΤ were all significant predictors. The model showed that soccer group membership could be strongly related to IMPU, with the odds ratio being 6.48 times higher from the basketball group, whereas RFDDavg, IMPD, and ΔΤ were related to basketball group. The results imply that soccer players execute CMJ differently compared to basketball players, exhibiting increased countermovement depth and impulse generation during the propulsive phase.
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Kisbiyanto, Kisbiyanto. "STUDI ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN PRAKTIKUM KEAGAMAAN ISLAM Perspektif Kurikulum." ThufuLA: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Guru Raudhatul Athfal 1, no. 1 (December 13, 2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/thufula.v1i1.4237.
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<p>Abstract: This study used a qualitative approach, to describe the (1) curriculum<br />policy planning charged practices in Islamic learning, (2) form of charged practice curriculum in the learning of Islam, (3) curriculum implementation and evaluation in Islamic learning. Research results: (1) There are 63 subjects containing 155 credits in Islamic Religious Education at Tarbiyah Department of Kudus Islamic State College of Islam have clearly been prepared their practicums, at least there are eight practicums, including: Arabic, English, worship, information and technology, research, profession/micro teaching, field professional practicums, and real practice (KKN). The eighth subjects arenamed practicum courses, (2) in addition, there are 20charged forms of the practice course, 24 other regular subjects, but have a lab charge, and of the twenty- four, decent into practicum courses are statistics, both descriptive and inferential, (3) the implementation of learning to eight practicum courses, offered in sequence from the first half to eight semesters, charged by evaluating the curriculum refers to the practice of learning and evaluation system. Passing valuation of each subject is specified minimum value of 2.00, except Field Professional Practice (PPL) that must reach a minimum value of 3.49 .</p>
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Alkan, Afra, Selcen Yüksel, and Pervin Demir. "Which of the favorite optimal cut-off determination methods is preferable for the ordinal response data? A simulation study." Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/icas-2019-0001.
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Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of the optimal cut-off methods, which are generally used for the diagnostic tests with the continuous response, for the tests with the ordinal response. Diagnostic accuracy studies examine the ability of a diagnostic test to discriminate between the patients with and without the condition. For diagnostic tests with a continuous response, it is important in practice to calculate the optimal cut-off point that can differentiate patients and healthy individuals. There are many methods proposed in the literature to obtain the optimal cut-point value for continuous test results. The Youden index, the point closest-to-(0, 1) corner in the ROC plane approach, the concordance probability, and the minimum P-value approach are commonly used methods to determine optimal-cut-point. But the researches examining the performance of these methods in the setting of the ordinal response tests are lacking in the literature. So, we compared the mentioned optimal cut-off methods for the ordinal response data by the way of simulation design by considering the sample size and the balance of groups as simulation conditions. The sample sizes of the diseased and non-diseased group were set (50, 50), (100, 100), and (200, 200) for balanced design and (50, 100), (50, 150) and (50, 200) for unbalanced design. For each scenario, 1000 repeats were generated. The differences between the estimated and the true cut-off points (biases) were calculated. All these methods overestimated the true cut-off point, but the median biases of the methods were varying. For the unbalanced design, the same result was relevant but for the balanced design, the minimum P-value approach had a median bias as 0 while others have 1.
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Eguren, José Alberto, Aritz Esnaola, and Gorka Unzueta. "Modelling of an Additive 3D-Printing Process Based on Design of Experiments Methodology." Quality Innovation Prosperity 24, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.12776/qip.v24i1.1435.
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<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The implementation of additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D-printer manufacturing for technical prototyping, preproduction series and short production series can bring benefits in terms of reducing cost and time to market in product development. These technologies are beginning to be applied in different industrial sectors and have a great possibility of development. As these technologies are still in development, there is a need to define the capacity of the 3D machines to establish minimum standards for producing high-quality parts.</p><p><strong>Methodology/Approach:</strong> The proposed methodology is based on a design of experiments (DOE) approach, which serves as a guide for engineers when it comes to executing any experimental study. The following steps were followed (Unzueta et al., 2019): Phase 1: define; Phase 2: measure; Phase 3: plan; Phase 4: execute experimentation; Phase 5: analyse the results; Phase 6: improve via confirmation experiments; Phases 7-8: control and standardise.</p><p><strong>Findings:</strong> The proposed methodology is based on a design of experiments (DOE) approach, which serves as a guide for engineers when it comes to executing any experimental study. The following steps were followed (Unzueta et al., 2019): Phase 1: define; Phase 2: measure; Phase 3: plan; Phase 4: execute experimentation; Phase 5: analyse the results; Phase 6: improve via confirmation experiments; Phases 7-8: control and standardise.</p><strong>Originality/Value of paper:</strong> This study uses a methodological approach to demonstrate how the 3D printing technology can be enriched with statistical testing techniques (DOE). It defines numerical prediction models to obtain high-quality parts with a new AM technology, using a planning process with a minimum amount of experimentation.
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Ninkovic, Srdjan, Milan Stankovic, Dragan Savic, Radmila Matijevic, and Miroslav Milankov. "The surgical treatment of the recurrent dislocation on the shoulder joint with minimum invasion anterior approach." Medical review 61, no. 1-2 (2008): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0802049n.
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Shoulder joint is one of the spherical joints and one of the most movable but also the most unstable joint of locomotive apparatus. The aims of this work are to review and analyze the results of medical treatment of frontal recurrent dislocations on the shoulder with open surgery technique on the Clinic for Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology in Novi Sad in the period from 2002 to 2005. Twenty one patients with anterior recurrent dislocations of the shoulder were operated on, 19 men and 2 women. The average age of those patients was 24.8 (15-40 year-olds). Ten patients had an injury of the left and 11 patients the injury of the right shoulder. There were eight handball players, four fighting skills players; two of them played volleyball and one was a basketball player. Six of them were not sportsmen. The preoperational and post operational mean value of the modified Rowe scale showed a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Observing the patients after the operation in the period of 2 years, according to Neer scale, 3 patients (14.28%) had great results (grade over 90), 16 patients (76.19%) had a good result, (75-89), and only two patients (9.52%) had results less than 75. The measuring of the volume of movements after physical treatment in 12 patients (57.14%) has shown the decrease of the outside rotation. Open surgery treatment of the front unstable shoulder joint is reliable and time tested and it gives good clinical results in young sportsmen with undirected unstable, bigger number of dislocations and associated osseous defects. .
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Sari, Ropita, Mujahidatul Musfiroh, and Dyah Krisnawati Satia Pratiwi. "IMPROVING THE KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT WITH TRAINING BASIC EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC NEONATAL TO MIDWIFE IN SURAKARTA HEALTH CENTER." Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan dan Kebidanan 10, no. 2 (July 25, 2019): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.26751/jikk.v10i2.670.
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AbstrakPengetahuan bidan yang baik dan tepat sangat mendukung upaya pelayanan ibu dan anak yang komprehensif. Pengetahuan tentang Pelayanan Obstetrik Neonatal Emergensi Dasar (PONED) memberikan dasar pada bidan untuk mengidentifikasi komplikasi atau kegawatdaruratan kehamilan, persalinan, nifas dan neonatal. Salah satu upaya peningkatan pelayanan kebidanan, melalui pelatihan PONED pada bidan di puskesmas agar bisa menurunkan risiko kesakitan dan kematian pada ibu dan bayi. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan bidan tentang penanganan kegawatdaruratan ibu dan bayi. Metode penelitian secara observasional analitik dengan rancangan The One Group Pretest Post Test dan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini perwakilan bidan Puskesmas rawat inap dan rawat jalan sebanyak 17 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara Proporsional Random Sampling, sampel acak dengan proporsi bidan yang bekerja di Puskesmas di Surakarta. Sampel yang memenuhi kriteria retriksi 17 responden. Hasil 1 bidan pengetahuan lebih jelek setelah di beri pelatihan, 2 bidan berpengetahuan tetap sebelum maupun setelah pelatihan, 14 bidan mempunyai pengetahuan lebih baik setelah pelatihan. Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan rerata pretes = 73.41, median = 71.4, nilai maksimum = 82.8 dan nilai minimum = 65.7. Hasil posttest menunjukkan rerata = 81.14, median = 80, nilai maksimum = 88.5, nilai minimun = 74.2. Hasil penelitian bivariat Uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan nilai p = 0,001, signifikan (p < 0,05). Secara statistic terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan yang bermakna antara sebelum pelatihan dibandingkan setelah pelatihan. Kata Kunci:Pengetahuan bidan, pelatihan PONED, bidan puskesmas AbstractKnowledge of good and appropriate midwives strongly supports comprehensive maternal and child care efforts. Knowledge of Basic Emergency Obstetric Neonatal Services (PONED) provides a basis for midwives to identify complications or emergencies of pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and neonatal. One effort to improve midwifery services, through PONED training for midwives in health centers so as to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality in mothers and infants. The Aim : This study aims to improve the knowledge of midwifery about handling maternal and neonatal emergencies. Methods : The design of this study was observational analytic with one group pretest and posttest and cros sectional approach. The population of the study was 17 representatives midwives in inpatient and outpatient health care. The sampling technique used proportional random sampling, the random sampling was taking by accounted the number of midwives who work in primary health care in Surakarta. The sample that include in restriction criteria was 17 respondents. Result : The results of 1 knowledge midwife were worse after being given training, 2 knowledgeable midwives remained before and after the training, 14 midwives had better knowledge after training. The results of univariate analysis showed a mean pretest = 73.41, median = 71.4, maximum value = 82.8 and minimum value = 65.7. The posttest results showed a mean = 81.14, median = 80, maximum value = 88.5, minimum value = 74.2. The bivariate results of the Wilcoxon Test showed p value = 0.001, significant (p <0.05). Statistically there were significant differences in knowledge between before training compared to after training.Keywords:The midwife knowledge, PONED training, midwife on the health center
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Madaan, Jyoti, and Indu Kashyap. "A Novel Handoff Necessity Estimation Approach Based on Travelling Distance." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v7.i2.pp105-116.
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<p><em>Mobility management is one of the most important challenges in Next Generation Wireless Networks (NGWNs) as it enables users to move across geographic boundaries of wireless networks. Nowadays, mobile communications have heterogeneous wireless networks offering variable coverage and Quality of Service (QoS). The availability of alternatives generates a problem of occurrence of unnecessary handoff that results in wastage of network resources. To avoid this, an efficient algorithm needs to be developed to minimize the unnecessary handoffs. Conventionally, whenever Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) connectivity is available, the mobile node switch from cellular network to wireless local area network to gain maximum use of high bandwidth and low cost of wireless local area network as much as possible. But to maintain call quality and minimum number of call failure, a considerable proportion of these handovers should be determined. Our algorithm makes the handoff to wireless local area network only when the Predicted Received Signal Strength (PRSS) falls below a threshold value and travelling distance inside the wireless local area network is larger than a threshold distance.Through MATLAB simulation, we show that our algorithm is able to improve handover performance.<strong> </strong></em></p>
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Ranti, Neva Bunga Putri, Lintje Boekoesoe, and Zul Fikar Ahmad. "Kebiasaan Konsumsi Kopi, Penggunaan Gadget, Stress dan Hubungannya dengan Kejadian Insomnia pada Mahasiswa." Jambura Journal of Epidemiology 1, no. 1 (April 25, 2022): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37905/jje.v1i1.15027.
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Insomnia is a condition experienced by a person who has chronic difficulty falling asleep, frequently awakening from sleep, and having a short sleep or non-restorative sleep. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated with the incidence of insomnia in final-year students. This research is a quantitative analytic study with a Cross-Sectional Study approach. The population in this study is the number of final year students of the sports and health faculty of the Gorontalo State University for the 2021/2022 academic year as many as 834 students. The minimum sample size required in the study is 270 final-year students. Factors associated with the incidence of insomnia were assessed by Chi-Square test. The results of statistical tests showed that the habit of drinking coffee (p-value = 0.000), playing with gadgets (p-value = 0.000) and stress (p-value = 0.000) were found to have a significant relationship with the incidence of insomnia. It is recommended for students to improve a healthy lifestyle such as getting enough rest and sleep and consuming healthy and nutritious food drinks.
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Samuel, Folake Olukemi, Bolanle Aishat Akinwande, Rachel Oluwatoyin Opasola, Lukuman Akande Azeez, and Adebayo Busura Abass. "Food intake among smallholder cassava value chain households." Nutrition & Food Science 49, no. 6 (November 11, 2019): 1051–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-11-2018-0310.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to compare food consumption and dietary diversity in smallholder cassava value chain households (CVCHs) and non-cassava value chain households (non-CVCHs). Design/methodology/approach A total of 572 rural households were selected using multi-stage sampling from Oyo and Kwara states, Southwest Nigeria. Socio-demographic, 24 h dietary recall and food frequency questionnaires were used to collect data. Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) and the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women of Reproductive Age (MDD-W) were measured. Findings The mean age of respondents was 49.1 ± 17.3 years, 68.3 per cent were female, household sizes ranged from 2-20 with an average of 8 members. Most households consumed monotonous staple-based diets mainly from roots and tubers, cereals and legumes. There was no significant difference in HDDS (6.70 ± 1.37 and 6.77 ± 1.12; p = 0.12) and MDD-W (4.78 ± 1.12 and 4.95 ± 1.16; p = 0.09) for CVCH and non-CVCH respectively. About one-third of all women did not achieve the MDD-W score required for micronutrient adequacy, with the main dietary gap being vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables. Practical implications The findings suggest that there was no influence of households’ involvement in cassava value chain activities on their pattern of food consumption and dietary diversity. Originality/value While cassava value chain activities have potential for improved livelihoods among its actors, a nutrition-sensitive approach needs to be incorporated to translate this into their improved food consumption, dietary diversity and nutritional (particularly micronutrient) status.
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Ma, Lucy Xiaolu, Jonathan M. Loree, Derek J. Jonker, Hagen Fritz Kennecke, Scott R. Berry, Felix Couture, Chaudhary E. Ahmad, et al. "Plasma phosphocreatine (PC) as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibition in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Analysis of the CCTG CO.26 trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2023): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.183.
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183 Background: In response to energetic stress, colorectal cancer cells secrete creatine kinase brain-type (CKB). CKB converts creatine and ATP from the extracellular matrix to PC, which is imported intracellularly to sustain survival and metastatic spread. In addition, PC modulates immune cell functions and may play a role in mediating responses to immune checkpoint inhibition. CO.26 was a phase II trial (NCT02870920) that randomized patients (pts) with refractory mCRC to durvalumab plus tremelimumab (D+T) versus best supportive care (BSC). In an exploratory, post-hoc analysis, we investigated the role of plasma PC as a predictive biomarker for response to D+T. Methods: PC concentrations were determined from pre-treatment blood samples with HPLC-tandem mass spectrometer. A minimum p-value approach was used to select an optimum cut-off value which dichotomized patients into low (< 95.6 ng/ml) versus high (≥ 95.6 ng/ml) groups predictive for benefit. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze predictive impacts of PC on progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Of 180 pts enrolled, pre-treatment blood samples were available for 162 pts (N =115 for D+T; 47 BSC). Pre-treatment PC was low in 15% (N=24) and high in 85% (N=138). There were no differences in baseline characteristics between pts included in this analysis and the total study pts, or PC low and high pts. D+T improved OS significantly in PC low pts (median OS 4.7 months vs 2.3 months; Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.11 – 0.95, p = 0.03). There was no improvement in PC high pts with D+T (median OS 6.8 vs 5.2 months; HR 0.80, 95% CI: 0.55 – 1.17, p = 0.24. Interaction p < 0.0001). Plasma PC values had no impact on PFS and rates of disease control. Conclusions: Pts with low plasma PC derived more benefit from immune checkpoint inhibition with D+T in pts with refractory mCRC. Further prospective validation studies are needed. Predictive analysis for OS with pre-treatment PC levels dichotomized by minimum p approach. [Table: see text]
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Wong, Sui, Aviva Petrie, and Gordon Plant. "OCULAR MG IN 101 CASES: TOWARDS A RISK OF GENERALISATION (‘ROG’) SCORE." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 86, no. 11 (October 14, 2015): e4.2-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2015-312379.10.
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BackgroundThere is no prognostic test to predict generalized myasthenia gravis (GMG) risk in patients with ocular disease. We aimed to create a predictive risk score.MethodMulti-centre retrospective cohort study: OMG for minimum 3 months, untreated with immunosuppression for minimum 2 years or until GMG onset.Results101 (57F) patients included. Median follow-up 8.4 y(2–42) from onset. 31 developed GMG at median 1.31 y (3.5 mo–20.2 y); 19 within 2 y.3 significant predictors from univariable logistic regression analysis (p<0.10); adjusted ORs in multivariable model (Chi-square p=0.001): seropositivity 5.63 (1.42,22.33); presence of ≥1 comorbidity including autoimmune disorders 5.56 (0.66,46.62); thymic hyperplasia 6.66 (0.45,98.01).Prognostic score derived from the coefficients of the logistic model: sum of the points(one point for presence of each of the above predictive factors); classified ‘low risk’ if ≤1, ‘high risk’ if ≥2. Predicted probabilities: 0.07 (SD 0.03) for ‘low risk’, 0.39(SD 0.09) for ‘high risk’. Negative predictive value 91%(79,98), positive predictive value 38% (23,54), area under ROC curve 0.74 (0.64,0.85).ConclusionsWe present one of the few natural history studies on OMG and create the first predictive score to prognosticate the risk of GMG. This approach of risk stratification moves us towards addressing the question of modifying GMG risk in high-risk patients.
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Asmara, Ely, and Bonivasius Prasetya Ichtiarto. "Penerapan p-Median terhadap optimasi alokasi dan lokasi distribution center pada Sistem Logistik Pedesaan di Indonesia." Operations Excellence: Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering 13, no. 2 (August 5, 2021): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/oe.2021.v13.i2.020.
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Every village has Village Superior Products (Prudes) which have economic value that can advance the economy of rural communities. However, the consolidation of the Prudes results is still not optimal, it can be seen from the poverty rate in rural areas which is still high when compared to the level of poverty in the city. To overcome this, it requires the efficiency and effectiveness of distribution centers in rural supply chain systems in order to consolidate the Prudes products from a number of villages to a number of customers/consumers. However, the main problem is how many distribution centers are needed and where are the distribution centers located in an area that has the same type of Prudes. Therefore, the aim of this research is to find the best location P from a number of candidates distribution centers (N = 59 villages) where P ≤ N. To achieve the objectives of this study, the P-Median method is used with the help of AMPL software as a data processing tool. in order to complete the model of the P-Median. The objective function of the P-Median model is to find the minimum value of the total cost based on distance (), production volume (), shipping costs (), and fixed cost () at a number of DC facilities. In the process before the completion of the P-Median model, the approach is first carried out proximity analysis which consists of the pre-qualification and qualification processes in determining candidate facility candidates distribution center. This approach was taken to cover the limitations of APML software in processing data. The result of this research is that the optimal number of DC facilities in five DC facilities with a total cost minimum of IDR 91.80 billion. Meanwhile, the facilities are distribution center located in the village of Sanuanggamo, North Tongauna District (P11), Awuliti Village, Lambuya District (P17), Mumundowu Village, Pondidaha District (P36), Duriasi Village, Wonggeduku District (P44), and Puday Village, West Wonggeduku District (P53).
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Bishwash, Bhandari, De Tapas Kumar, Sah Sanjay Kumar, and Sanyam Sandip Das. "Normative value of photostress recovery time among various age groups in southern India." Medical Hypothesis, Discovery & Innovation in Optometry 1, no. 1 (August 31, 2020): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry102.
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Background: To determine the normative data and reference value for photostress recovery time (PSRT) following exposure of the macula to light, in various age groups within the Indian population.
Methods: Cross-sectional observational study performed from November 2015 to July 2016 in the Bangalore district of Karnataka state in India. We examined a total of 1,282 eyes of 641 participants and included those with corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) scoes lower than or equal to 0.4 Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution (LogMAR). We performed the photostress procedure under standard conditions using the same approach.
Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the participants’ age was 32.04 ± 15.80, with an age range of 8 to 70 years. The PSRT in participants below 16 years and above 45 years of age were significantly different compared to the 16–25-year-old age group (P < 0.0001 for both). The PSRT values were significantly different between males and females in the reproductive age group (16 to 45 years old) (P < 0.0001), but not in the other age groups.
Conclusions: The PSRT values were significantly different in children and older patients compared to the 16 to 25 years age group. We found that as age increased, PSRT increased significantly.
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Brown, Chloe, Anna Daniels, Doreen S. Boyd, Andrew Sowter, Giles Foody, and Siddharth Kara. "Investigating the Potential of Radar Interferometry for Monitoring Rural Artisanal Cobalt Mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (November 24, 2020): 9834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12239834.
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Greater awareness of the serious human rights abuses associated with the extraction and trade of cobalt in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has applied increasing pressure for businesses to move towards more responsible and sustainable mineral sourcing. Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) activities in rural and remote locations may provide heightened opportunities to conceal the alleged human rights violations associated with mining, such as: hazardous working conditions, health impacts, child labour, child trafficking, and debt bondage. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of the Intermittent Small Baseline Subset (ISBAS) interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) method, teamed with high temporal frequency Sentinel-1 imagery, for monitoring ASM activity in rural locations of the “Copperbelt”, the DRC. The results show that the ISBAS descriptive variables (mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum) were significantly different (p-value = ≤ 0.05) between mining and non-mining areas. Additionally, a significant difference was found for the ISBAS descriptive variables mean, standard deviation, and minimum between the different mine types (industrial, surface, and tunnels). As expected, a high level of subsidence (i.e., negative ISBAS pixel value) was a clear indicator of mine activity. Trial activity thresholds were set for the descriptive variables mean (-2.43 mm/yr) and minimum (-5.36 mm/yr) to explore an ISBAS approach to active mine identification. The study concluded that the ISBAS method has great potential as a monitoring tool for ASM, with the ability to separate mining and non-mining areas based on surface motion values, and further distinguish the different mine types (industrial, surface, and tunnel). Ground data collection and further development of ISBAS analysis needs to be made to fully understand the value of an ISBAS-based ASM monitoring system. In particular, surrounding the impact of seasonality relative to longer-term trends in ASM activity.
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Chaudhary, Tarun, Manoj Kumar Chaudhary, and Bhawani Datta Joshi. "A Theoretical Study on Charge Transfer and Hyperpolarizability of (S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-propanoic Acid." Journal of Nepal Physical Society 8, no. 1 (December 13, 2022): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnphyssoc.v8i1.48280.
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The DFT approach was used to investigate the antihypertensive molecule (S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)- 2-methyl-propanoic acid at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. The electron-hole analysis of three excited states has been performed, in which the maximum charge transfer length (2.727Å) has been calculated for the first excited state and the minimum for the third excited state (1.626 Å). On the other hand, the electron-hole overlap is found to be almost negligible for the first excited state and it is found to be maximum for the second excited state. The variation of thermodynamic properties with temperature is studied. The correlation graphs are obtained between the thermodynamic quantities (heat capacity, enthalpy, entropy) and temperature with a very high value of R2 (>0.99). The values of dipole moment, mean polarizability, anisotropy of polarizability, first hyperpolarizability and second hyperpolarizability are found to be 3.5250 Debye, 12.6980×10−24esu, 19.8162×10−24esu, 0.9017×10−30esu and -0.0412×10−35esu, respectively. These values are higher than the value of urea.
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Fernández, Eugenio, Alicia Valero, Juan José Alba, and Abel Ortego. "A New Approach for Static NOx Measurement in PTI." Sustainability 13, no. 23 (December 3, 2021): 13424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132313424.
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NOx emissions in vehicles are currently only controlled through the homologation process. There is a lack of knowledge to assess and control real NOx emissions of vehicles reliably. Even if vehicles in EU-27 are subject to Periodical Technical Inspection (PTI), NOx are not among the pollutants currently being controlled. For PTIs, tests need to be simple, quick, inexpensive, representative, and accurate. Ideally, tests need to be carried out under static conditions, without the need for a power bench or complex equipment. In this paper, a new approach for measuring NOx in PTI is proposed. The method has been developed and validated at a PTI Spanish station to ensure feasibility and repeatability. This method is based on the relationship between the “% engine load” value and exhaust NOx concentration at idle engine speed. Starting from the state of minimum possible power demand in a vehicle (idling and without any consumption), a load state with an average 98% increase in engine power demand is generated by connecting elements of the vehicle’s equipment. The relationship between power demand (through the “% engine load” value) and NOx concentration is then analyzed. The quality and representativity of this relationship have been checked with a p-value lower than 0.01. The method has been compared with a different NOx measurement technique, based on the simulation on a test bench and the ASM 2050 cycle, showing better performance in terms of repeatability and representativeness. The “% engine load” dispersion with the new approach is 7%, which ensures the reliability and repeatability of the method. The results show that the proposed method could be a valuable tool in PTI to detect high NOx emitting vehicles and to obtain information from the diesel vehicles fleet.
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Radzevich, Stephen P. "A Novel Approach for Computation of Constraints on Parameters of Modification of the Tooth Addendum of Precision Involute Hobs." Journal of Mechanical Design 128, no. 4 (September 10, 2005): 803–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2202879.
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In this paper a novel modified scheme and effective computer representation for hobbing operation of precision involute gears is presented. The specific goals of the paper are as follows: (a) to provide a comprehensive understanding of the principal features of addendum modification of an involute gear hob tooth, (b) to come up with a novel approach for the computation of parameters of modification of the hob tooth addendum, (c) to determine the applicability and advantages of the application of the developed approach. The key concept in this paper is satisfaction of the necessary conditions of proper part surface generation (Radzevich, S. P., 2002, Computer Aided Design, 34, pp. 727–740) in gear hobbing operation. The research is performed with the application of the novel DG∕K approach of surface machining earlier developed by the author. The DG∕K approach of surface generation is based on fundamental results obtained in differential geometry of surfaces, and in kinematics of multiparametric motion of a rigid body in E3 space. The interested reader may wish to go to the monographs (Radzevich, S. P., 2001, Monograph Kiev, Rastan; 1991, Monograph, Kiev, Vishcha Shkola Publishing) for details. Both of the monographs are available from The Library of Congress. A novel approach for the computation of constraints on the actual values of addendum modification of an involute hob is reported in this paper. The advantages of the developed approach are threefold. It yields the computation: (a) of the minimum and the maximum allowed value of the normal pressure angle; (b) of the maximum allowed value of addendum modification of an involute hob, and (c) of the maximum allowed reduction of addendum of a gear hob. In the way of implementation is also described.
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Heidsma, Charlotte M., Diamantis I. Tsilimigras, Flavio Rocha, Daniel E. Abbott, Ryan Fields, George A. Poultsides, Clifford S. Cho, et al. "Identifying Risk Factors and Patterns for Early Recurrence of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Multi-Institutional Study." Cancers 13, no. 9 (May 7, 2021): 2242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13092242.
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Background: Identifying patients at risk for early recurrence (ER) following resection for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) might help to tailor adjuvant therapies and surveillance intensity in the post-operative setting. Methods: Patients undergoing surgical resection for pNETs between 1998–2018 were identified using a multi-institutional database. Using a minimum p-value approach, optimal cut-off value of recurrence-free survival (RFS) was determined based on the difference in post-recurrence survival (PRS). Risk factors for early recurrence were identified. Results: Among 807 patients who underwent curative-intent resection for pNETs, the optimal length of RFS to define ER was identified at 18 months (lowest p-value of 0.019). Median RFS was 11.0 months (95% 8.5–12.60) among ER patients (n = 49) versus 41.0 months (95% CI: 35.0–45.9) among non-ER patients (n = 77). Median PRS was worse among ER patients compared with non-ER patients (42.6 months vs. 81.5 months, p = 0.04). On multivariable analysis, tumor size (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05–1.37, p = 0.007) and positive lymph nodes (OR: 4.69, 95% CI: 1.41–15.58, p = 0.01) were independently associated with ER. Conclusion: An evidence-based cut-off value for ER after surgery for pNET was defined at 18 months. These data emphasized the importance of close follow-up in the first two years after surgery.
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Della Pepa, Giuseppe M., Vito Stifano, Quintino Giorgio D'Alessandris, Grazia Menna, Benedetta Burattini, Michele Di Domenico, Alessandro Izzo, et al. "SURG-34. INTRAOPERATIVE CORTICOBULBAR MOTOR EVOKED POTENTIALS RELIABLY PREDICT FACIAL NERVE FUNCTION IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH CEREBELLOPONTINE ANGLE TUMORS. A CLINICAL AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGY STUDY." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (November 1, 2022): vii259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.999.
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Abstract BACKGROUND Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) surgery for extra-axial lesions in elderly patients could be hampered by concerns regarding functional outcomes. However, an overall ageing society warrants an improved approach. Intraoperative neuromonitoring is crucial for facial nerve (FN) preservation: intraoperative cortico-bulbar facial motor evoked potentials (FMEPs) can be effectively coupled to standard techniques. In a previous work, we validated the use of FMEPs as preditors of early and late post-operative FN function (FNF). Aim of this study was to re-evaluate FMEP role in patients beyond 65 years of age. METHODS An institutional series of 83 patients was reported. A pair of needle electrodes was used to record FMEP from orbicularis oculi (OOc) and orbicularis oris (OOr) muscles; baseline, final and minimum values were recorded. From FMEP amplitudes, minimum-to-baseline (MBR) and final-to-baseline (FBR) amplitude ratios, and recovery value (RV=FBR-MBR), were calculated. These indices were correlated to early (at discharge) and late (at 1-year) post-operative FNF. RESULTS 23 (27.7%) patients were older than 65 years. Among these, 52.2% and 81% had a good early and late FNF, respectively. Early and late FNF were not associated to age (p > 0.99 and p=0.72, respectively). In elderly patients, higher FBR (from OOc and OOr) and MBR (from OOc) were associated to a good early FN recovery (p=0.01, p=0.009, and p=0.03, respectively). Conversely, MBR from OOr was the only parameter significantly associated with late FN function (p=0.049). ROC analysis confirmed that, in elderly patients, the most accurate index for predicting late FN function was MBR as measured from OOr (AUC=0.869, cut-off value 12.5%). The most accurate index for predicting early FN function was FBR from OOc (AUC=0.865). CONCLUSION Cortico-bulbar FMEPs are reliable predictors of early and late post-operative FNF in elderly patients and allow a safe and feasible surgery in this important cohort.
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Mulyani, Indri, and Nurul Fatwati Fitriana. "Pengaruh Pemberian Edukasi Menggunakan Audio Visual (Video) pada Ibu terhadap Pengetahuan Penanganan Tersedak Balita." JURNAL KEPERAWATAN MUHAMMADIYAH BENGKULU 8, no. 2 (October 12, 2020): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36085/jkmu.v8i2.885.
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Choking can result in death if handled inappropriately. The accuracy of handling is based on sufficient knowledge. Lack of knowledge for mothers who have toddlers in handling choking results in mothers under five still wrongly handling choking. To find out the effect of providing education using audio visual (video) to housewives on the knowledge of toddler choking handling, to find out differences in maternal knowledge before and after it is done education using audio visual (video). This study used a pre-experimental design technique with a one group pre-test-post-test design approach. Data collection using a questionnaire and data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the average value of knowledge obtained by 69 respondents before being given audio-visual education (video) was 15.06, with a minimum value of 6 to a maximum of 19, and after being given audio-visual education (video) was 18.00, with a minimum value. 12 maximum 21. The results of bivariate analysis using the Wilcoxon test obtained p value 0.000. In conclusion, there is an effect of providing education using audio visual (video) to housewives on the knowledge of choking handling for toddlers in Pajerukan. It needs to be developed by adding variables and using different research designs and using qualitative research types. Keywords: Audio Visual Education (Video), Knowledge, Handling Choking
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Onoe, Shunsuke, Atsuyuki Maeda, Yuichi Takayama, Yasuyuki Fukami, Takamasa Takahashi, Masahito Uji, and Yuji Kaneoka. "The Prognostic Impact of the Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio in Resected Pancreatic Head Adenocarcinoma." Medical Principles and Practice 28, no. 6 (2019): 517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000501017.
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Objective: Although the prognostic significance of systematic inflammation-based scores, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), has been explored in pancreatic cancers, few reports have investigated the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR). We aimed to retrospectively investigate the prognostic value of the preoperative LMR in patients with resectable pancreatic head cancer (PHC). Methods: From 2005 to 2016, 165 patients underwent pancreatoduodenectomy for PHC. All samples of peripheral blood were collected within 2 weeks prior to surgery. The best cutoff values of the LMR for predicting survival were determined by using a minimum p value approach (cut-off value: 2.8). The clinicopathological features of LMR <2.8 (n = 25) and ≥2.8 (n = 140) were compared. Results: Patients with LMR ≥2.8 showed significantly lower NLR and PLR, and significantly higher PNI. Levels of CEA and CA19-9 were similar, and the pathological findings were comparable between the groups. The overall survival of patients with LMR ≥2.8 (66.2% at 1 year) was superior to that of patients with LMR <2.8 (36.1% at 1 year, p = 0.015). Multivariate analysis identified LMR <2.8 (hazard ratio 1.72, 95% CI 1.02–2.89, p = 0.042), lymphatic and venous invasion and positive surgical margin as independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: LMR may carry important prognostic information for patients with resectable PHC. Preoperative LMR may be considered for use in risk stratification for individual patients with PHC.
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Juwariyah, Titik, Nanang Bagus Witjayanto Joyo, and Winanda Rizki Bagus Santosa. "Relationship Between Caring Behavior of Nurse with Patient Satisfaction in VCT Clinic Gambiran Hospital with Watson Theory Approach." Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) 1, no. 3 (December 1, 2014): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26699/jnk.v1i3.art.p177-183.
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Caring can be seen through the attitude and action that are characteristic of the behavior. As the health care service, caring so important for patient. Patient satisfaction is indicator of quality insurance of hospital. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of caring behavior of nurse with patient satisfaction in VCT clinic Gambiran hospital with Watson theory approach. Methode: Research study was analytic corelational design. Research samples was 50 of patient at VCT clinic Gambiran hospital. Data collected at July to September 2014 by using questionnaire and proceeded by Spearman Rho test. The result of this study was that caring behavior nurse correlated with patient satisfaction with p-value=0,000. According the result of this study are expected to be the input for hospitals to improve quality of service by apply minimum standart service that are caring behavior.
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Bhattarai, Naba Raj, and Rajan Binayek Pasa. "ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTION OF LOCAL GOVERNANCE IN GODAWARI MUNICIPALITY, LALITPUR, NEPAL." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): 195–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i4.2021.3835.
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This study explains administrative functions of local governance in Godavari municipality of district. For that purpose, the quantitative research approach and instrumental case study in multi-site research design has been applied. The required data were collected from 234 respondents (Administrative staffs 12 elected representatives and local intellectuals 30 and service receivers 192) through institutional survey and exit poll survey techniques selected by , cluster and stratified random sampling methods. This study found that average value of administrative functions related variables was 1.88 to 2.14 or perceptions of the respondents over studied variables felled between "strongly agree and agree". And the average value of quality of administrative functions related variables also found 1.96 to 2.76 (strongly agree and nearer to neutral" with 0.60 to 1.44 standard deviation and 0.15 standard errors for the . However, Pearson correlation coefficient between administrative function index (maximum 35, minimum 7, mean 24.08 and standard deviation 3.41) and quality of administrative function index (maximum 28, minimum 4, mean 14.26 and standard deviation 2.57), r= 0.88, > r2= 0.05 and p=0.00 found significant (strong positive correlation)
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Kolomietz, V. M., and S. V. Lukyanov. "Diffuse approximation to the kinetic theory in a Fermi system." International Journal of Modern Physics E 24, no. 04 (April 2015): 1550023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301315500238.
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We suggest the diffuse approach to the relaxation processes within the kinetic theory for the Wigner distribution function. The diffusion and drift coefficients are evaluated taking into consideration the interparticle collisions on the distorted Fermi surface. Using the finite range interaction, we show that the momentum dependence of the diffuse coefficient Dp(p) has a maximum at Fermi momentum p = pF whereas the drift coefficient Kp(p) is negative and reaches a minimum at p ≈ pF. For a cold Fermi system the diffusion coefficient takes the nonzero value which is caused by the relaxation on the distorted Fermi surface at temperature T = 0. The numerical solution of the diffusion equation was performed for the particle-hole excitation in a nucleus with A = 16. The evaluated relaxation time τr ≈ 8.3 ⋅ 10-23 s is close to the corresponding result in a nuclear Fermi-liquid obtained within the kinetic theory.
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Ahmed, Irfan, Bo Feng, Daud Abdul, and Junwen Feng. "A Hybrid Fuzzy AHP/VIKOR Approach to Funding Strategy Selection for Advanced Prosthetic and Orthotic Medical Devices in Low-Income Countries: A Case of Pakistan." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (October 13, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2153940.
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In the context of advanced prosthetic and orthotic medical devices, funding is a major challenge, especially in low-income countries. This research aims to investigate the best funding solution for such medical devices to offer disabled people a better quality of life and improve their health and economic situation. This is the first time such methods are being used in a study based on related research involving a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP)/VIekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje (VIKOR) model to find the best funding source. A survey questionnaire created by the author and completed by Pakistan subject experts was used to analyze data via a weightage value ranking system as an assessment tool. Prioritization of funding alternatives was based on main criteria and subcriteria. Limitations include sample number of study participants, amount of data collected, number of models used, and time constraints. Potential funding sources were ranked based on a VIKOR weightage value model using a hybrid decision-making process that showed results as “private insurance” having a weightage value of (0.1956) as being the best funding source since they are having the minimum weightage and then next from best to least they were “need-based” with a weightage value of (0.2510), “self-pay” with a weightage value of (0.7970), and finally “government-based” having a weightage value of (0.9636). Implications of this study conclude that the proposed model efficiently finds the best funding sources for advanced prosthetic and orthotic (P&O) medical devices in low-income countries. Executing this model in low-income countries such as Pakistan can help solve P&O medical device coverage challenges and offer disabled people better opportunities to work and contribute to their quality of life and economy.
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Palumbo, Diego, Martina Mori, Francesco Prato, Stefano Crippa, Giulio Belfiori, Michele Reni, Junaid Mushtaq, et al. "Prediction of Early Distant Recurrence in Upfront Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A Multidisciplinary, Machine Learning-Based Approach." Cancers 13, no. 19 (September 30, 2021): 4938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13194938.
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Despite careful selection, the recurrence rate after upfront surgery for pancreatic adenocarcinoma can be very high. We aimed to construct and validate a model for the prediction of early distant recurrence (<12 months from index surgery) after upfront pancreaticoduodenectomy. After exclusions, 147 patients were retrospectively enrolled. Preoperative clinical and radiological (CT-based) data were systematically evaluated; moreover, 182 radiomics features (RFs) were extracted. Most significant RFs were selected using minimum redundancy, robustness against delineation uncertainty and an original machine learning bootstrap-based method. Patients were split into training (n = 94) and validation cohort (n = 53). Multivariable Cox regression analysis was first applied on the training cohort; the resulting prognostic index was then tested in the validation cohort. Clinical (serum level of CA19.9), radiological (necrosis), and radiomic (SurfAreaToVolumeRatio) features were significantly associated with the early resurge of distant recurrence. The model combining these three variables performed well in the training cohort (p = 0.0015, HR = 3.58, 95%CI = 1.98–6.71) and was then confirmed in the validation cohort (p = 0.0178, HR = 5.06, 95%CI = 1.75–14.58). The comparison of survival curves between low and high-risk patients showed a p-value <0.0001. Our model may help to better define resectability status, thus providing an actual aid for pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients’ management (upfront surgery vs. neoadjuvant chemotherapy). Independent validations are warranted.
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Salisu, Sani, Mohd Wazir Mustafa, and Mamunu Mustapha. "A Wavelet Based Solar Radiation Prediction in Nigeria Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Approach." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 12, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 907. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i3.pp907-915.
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<p><span>In this study, a hybrid approach combining an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Wavelet Transform (WT) is examined for solar radiation prediction in Nigeria. Meteorological data obtained from NIMET Nigeria comprising of </span><span lang="EN-MY">monthly mean minimum temperature, maximum temperature, relative humidity and sunshine hours were used as inputs to the model and monthly mean solar radiation was used as the model output. The data used was divided into two for training and testing, with 70% used during the training phase and 30% during the testing phase. The hybrid model performance is assessed using three statistical evaluators, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Coefficient of determination </span><span lang="EN-SG">(R<sup>2</sup>). According to the results obtained, a very accurate prediction was achieved by the WT- ANFIS model by improving the value of (R<sup>2</sup>) by at least 14% and RMSE by at least 78% when compared with other existing models. And a MAPE of 2% is recorded using the proposed approach. The obtained results prove the developed WT-ANFIS model as an efficient tool for solar radiation prediction.</span></p>
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Kudithi, Nageswara Rao, and Sakda Somkun. "Power flow management of triple active bridge for fuel cell applications." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i2.pp672-681.
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<p>The power conditioning circuits which are used in fuel cell systems should carefully be designed to prolong the life span of the system, for the reason of the dynamic nature, such that the unexpected and extreme changes in load decreases the life of the fuel cells. This paper presents the triple active bridge (TAB) and it’s average small signal modelling, which is used for design of the system controllers for stable operation. The extended symmetrical optimum method is used for realized the proportional integral (PI) controller, to control the output/Load voltage and power flow in the fuel cell/Source with a guaranteed minimum phase margin for the system with a variable process gain in addition to other accepted desired performances. This method ensures the maximum phase margin at a minimum required value at the desired gain crossover frequency with a compromise between system’s peak overshoot, rise time and settling time. This model and this approach helps in designing TAB suitable for healthy and uninterrupted fuel cell power generation systems as a part of a renewable /clean energy system. MATLAB/Simulink is used to simulate the proposed controllers with TAB.</p>