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Journal articles on the topic 'Minimization of release'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Johansson, J., W. A. Hapsari, S. Kelley, and G. Bodog. "Minimization of drive tests in 3GPP release 11." IEEE Communications Magazine 50, no. 11 (November 2012): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2012.6353680.

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2

Koulamas, Christos, and George J. Kyparisis. "Makespan minimization on uniform parallel machines with release times." European Journal of Operational Research 157, no. 1 (August 2004): 262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(03)00243-1.

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3

Yahya, Ahmad, Ata ul Razzaq Khan, Wahab Usaid Naeem, Sajid Bashir, Babar Murtaza, and Aqeel Aslam. "COST-MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS PHARMACEUTICAL ALTERNATIVES OF CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE." Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2, no. 1 (January 27, 2016): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22200/pjpr.2016137-41.

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Heart disease is widespread, and accounts for a quarter of all deaths in the US. Clopidogrel is used extensively for various cardiac conditions but has a high price. Cost-minimization analysis (CMA) differentiates alternative therapies based on price, given that all of the interventions have exactly the same health effects and must be bioequivalent when it comes to health benefits and adverse effects. Dissolution studies, using four marketed products, were conducted using a six stage, type II dissolution apparatus. Samples were analyzed at 240nm using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Concentration values of each sample, taken after 30 minutes were calculated from the calibration curve constructed with Clopidogrel Bisulfate RS. ANOVA was used to analyze any significant differences between the means of active dissolved. Plavix was found to have the highest percentage release of 97% but Ogrel had the least SEM of 3.9 with a percentage release of 95%. Lowplat and Pidogrel, although showed average percent releases of greater than 85%, their SEM and stand deviations were large showing widespread variations in unit contents. ANOVA gave a p>0.05, indicating a non-statistically significant difference between the means of active dissolved hence proving bioequivalence. CMA concluded that Ogrel may be used instead of the more expensive Plavix.

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4

Zhang, Steven, Molly Vora, Alex H. S. Harris, Laurence Baker, Catherine Curtin, and Robin N. Kamal. "Cost-Minimization Analysis of Open and Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release." Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 98, no. 23 (December 2016): 1970–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.16.00121.

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5

Kuz’min, A. M. "Minimization of Heat-Release Distribution Instability in Burning Nuclear Fuel." Atomic Energy 124, no. 6 (October 2018): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10512-018-0427-0.

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6

Cheng, T. C. Edwin, Mikhail Y. Kovalyov, and Natalia V. Shakhlevich. "Scheduling with controllable release dates and processing times: Makespan minimization." European Journal of Operational Research 175, no. 2 (December 2006): 751–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2005.06.021.

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7

Happach, Felix. "Makespan minimization with OR-precedence constraints." Journal of Scheduling 24, no. 3 (May 29, 2021): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10951-021-00687-6.

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AbstractWe consider a variant of the NP-hard problem of assigning jobs to machines to minimize the completion time of the last job. Usually, precedence constraints are given by a partial order on the set of jobs, and each job requires all its predecessors to be completed before it can start. In this paper, we consider a different type of precedence relation that has not been discussed as extensively and is called OR-precedence. In order for a job to start, we require that at least one of its predecessors is completed—in contrast to all its predecessors. Additionally, we assume that each job has a release date before which it must not start. We prove that a simple List Scheduling algorithm due to Graham (Bell Syst Tech J 45(9):1563–1581, 1966) has an approximation guarantee of 2 and show that obtaining an approximation factor of $$4/3 - \varepsilon $$ 4 / 3 - ε is NP-hard. Further, we present a polynomial-time algorithm that solves the problem to optimality if preemptions are allowed. The latter result is in contrast to classical precedence constraints where the preemptive variant is already NP-hard. Our algorithm generalizes previous results for unit processing time jobs subject to OR-precedence constraints, but without release dates. The running time of our algorithm is $$O(n^2)$$ O ( n 2 ) for arbitrary processing times and it can be reduced to O(n) for unit processing times, where n is the number of jobs. The performance guarantees presented here match the best-known ones for special cases where classical precedence constraints and OR-precedence constraints coincide.

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8

Hezaveh, Hadi, and Ida Idayu Muhamad. "Controlled drug release via minimization of burst release in pH-response kappa-carrageenan/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 91, no. 3 (March 2013): 508–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2012.08.014.

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9

Haidar, Ziyad S. "Mathematical Modeling for Pharmacokinetic Predictions from Controlled Drug Release Nano Systems: A Comparative Parametric Study." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 11, no. 4 (December 25, 2018): 1801–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1552.

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In the present work, several mathematical models well-known in the literature for simulating drug release kinetics are compared using available experimental data sets obtained in real systems with different drugs and nano-sized carriers. Herein, the χ2 minimization method, is employed concluding that the Korsmeyer-Peppas model provides the best-ﬁt in all cases. Hence, (i) better understanding of the exact mass transport mechanism(s) involved in drug(s) release, and (ii) quantitative prediction of the drug release kinetics, can be computed.

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10

Liu, Lu, Yang Tao Xu, Na Yin, and Ji Bo Wang. "Single Machine Group Scheduling Problem with Deteriorating Jobs and Release Dates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 2145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.2145.

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The paper deals with a single machine scheduling problem with deteriorating jobs and group technology (GT) assumption. By deteriorating jobs and group technology assumption, we mean that the group setup times and job processing times are both simple linear functions of their starting times. We show that the makespan minimization problem with release dates can be solved in polynomial time.

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11

Hsu, Chia-Chang, Owen RT Thomas, and Tim W. Overton. "Periplasmic expression in and release of Fab fragments fromEscherichia coliusing stress minimization." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 91, no. 3 (March 21, 2015): 815–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.4672.

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12

Cheng, T. C. Edwin, Mikhail Y. Kovalyov, and Natalia V. Shakhlevich. "Scheduling with controllable release dates and processing times: Total completion time minimization." European Journal of Operational Research 175, no. 2 (December 2006): 769–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2005.06.072.

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13

M. E. Teske and H. W. Thistle. "POULTRY A SIMULATION OF RELEASE HEIGHT AND WIND SPEED EFFECTS FOR DRIFT MINIMIZATION." Transactions of the ASAE 42, no. 3 (1999): 583–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.13218.

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14

TOGO, Norihisa, Toru EGUCHI, and Takeshi MURAYAMA. "S1440104 Lead Time Minimization Using a Release Time Decision Method Based on Scheduling." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2015 (2015): _S1440104——_S1440104—. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2015._s1440104-.

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15

Bai, Danyu, Xiaoyuan Bai, Jie Yang, Xingong Zhang, Tao Ren, Chenxi Xie, and Bingqian Liu. "Minimization of maximum lateness in a flowshop learning effect scheduling with release dates." Computers & Industrial Engineering 158 (August 2021): 107309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2021.107309.

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16

Knees, Dorothee, and Matteo Negri. "Convergence of alternate minimization schemes for phase-field fracture and damage." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 27, no. 09 (May 23, 2017): 1743–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202517500312.

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We consider time-discrete evolutions for a phase-field model (for fracture and damage) obtained by alternate minimization schemes. First, we characterize their time-continuous limit in terms of parametrized [Formula: see text]-evolutions, introducing a suitable family of “intrinsic energy norms”. Further, we show that the limit evolution satisfies Griffith’s criterion, for a phase-field energy release, and that the irreversibility constraint is thermodynamically consistent.

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17

Karmakar, B., MM Rahman, MAR Sarkar, MAA Mamun, MC Rahman, B. Nessa, MU Salam, and MS Kabir. "Adoption Lag Minimization for Increasing Rice Yield." Bangladesh Rice Journal 25, no. 1 (August 25, 2021): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v25i1.55180.

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Sustainable adoption of promising technology leads to increase yield and productivity of rice significantly. Yield gap reduction through minimization of adoption cycle of rice technologies is essential to increase food security of Bangladesh. Adoption of promising rice variety required 16±3 years to reach its adoption peak at farm level following the existing dissemination protocol. The specific objective is to find out the ways and means to curtail adoption lag of variety, management practices and rice based technologies for sustainable food security of Bangladesh. The study is accomplished accordingly by reviewing previous works completed on technology adoption; calculation and estimation of future seed demand and supply. Our findings reveal that the average yield gap between actual farm yield and potential farm yield is 20.7%. Seed retention and motivated farmers estimated from the frontline demonstrations of BRRI were 18 and 20%, respectively. Sufficient amounts (128 kg/variety) of breeder seed need to be produced by the concerned research organizations concurrently the variety release process. The seed will be used to execute action plan by setting up 64 adaptive trials (AT) in 64 districts to select location specific suitable variety(s) for rapid dissemination. In the 2nd and 3rd years, 256 kg quality seeds per variety will be required to conduct 128 AT/SPDP in 64 districts. The seed of farmers’ chosen variety(s) will be collected, stored, and marketed by the local seed producer or farmers group; and they will provide this information to the extension organization and BRRI. At least 10 to 20% seed selling information will be checked by the concerned scientist of BRRI every year and total seed selling data will be calibrated based on the checked data. Similarly, the next two years’ trial data will be collected from conducted trials and associated seed producer/dealer/farmers’ club/groups. Then, the concerned research institute will be able to provide a projection of diffusion rate and demand of newly released variety(s) compiling three years data. Based on the authentic reports, the concerned organizations will conduct block, frontline and follow-up demonstrations in collaboration with all the stakeholders. Action plan of research and extension; large scale frontline demonstration of the selected variety(s) with more stakeholders followed by field day, training, and workshop would be the key drivers for effective and sustainable dissemination of technology lead to reduce adoption lag effectively. Combined initiatives and integrated approaches need to be taken nationally to execute the adoption lag minimization plans and model for rapid dissemination of promising technology to doubling the rice productivity. Therefore, popularization and adoption of new technology would be possible within five to seven years instead of 16±3 years. Bangladesh Rice J. 25 (1) : 75-88, 2021

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18

Wang, Dan, and Na Yin. "Single Machine Scheduling with Resource-Dependent Ready Times and Positional Deterioration Effect." Applied Mechanics and Materials 481 (December 2013): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.481.207.

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The paper deals with the single machine scheduling problems with positional deterioration effect. It is assumed that the release time of a job is a positive strictly decreasing continuous function of the amount of consumed resource. We present a polynomial solution for the total resource consumption minimization problem under the constraint that the makespan does not exceed a given limit.

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19

Surender Reddy, S. "Multi-objective optimization considering cost, emission and loss objectives using PSO and fuzzy approach." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3 (July 20, 2018): 1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.11203.

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A novel approach to solve multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem which aims at minimizing fuel cost, emission release and real power loss of the system simultaneously has been proposed in this paper. Conventional minimum cost operation cannot be the only basis for generation dispatch; emission release minimization and loss minimization must also be taken care of. Power system must be operated in such a way that both active and reactive powers are optimized simultaneously. Reactive powers should be optimized to provide better volt-age profile as well as to reduce system losses. In this paper, the proposed multi-objective optimal power flow (MO-OPF) problem is solved using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Fuzzy satisfaction maximization approach. In this paper, it is assumed that the decision maker has imprecise or fuzzy goals of satisfying all the objectives, and the proposed problem is thus formulated as a fuzzy satisfaction maximization problem which is basically a min-max problem. It is an efficient technique to obtain trade-off solution for the proposed optimization problem. The MO-OPF problem is tested on IEEE 30 bus, 6 generator system. The obtained results are found to be effective for the MO-OPF problem.

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20

Kachru, N., and S. S. Sansgiry. "Once-a-day extended-release versus two-times-daily immediate-release methylphenidate for the treatment of adhd - A cost minimization study." Value in Health 16, no. 3 (May 2013): A62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2013.03.1586.

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21

Vlachou, Marilena, Efthymia Geraniou, and Angeliki Siamidi. "Modified release of furosemide from Eudragits® and poly(ethylene oxide)-based matrices and dry-coated tablets." Acta Pharmaceutica 70, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acph-2020-0010.

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AbstractModified release of furosemide from tablet formulations is preferred by patients, because of physiological problems, acute diuresis being the most serious, compared to the forms designed for immediate release. With this in view, we aimed at achieving furosemide’s longer gastric retention and waste minimization by preparing matrix and compression coated tablets incorporating different grades of Eudragit® and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and lactose monohydrate. Dissolution profiles of the new formulations were compared with that of the main stream drug Lasix®, 40 mg tablets. The results indicate that the use of Eudragit® in conjunction with either PVP or lactose monohydrate led to a slower release rate in the intestinal fluids compared to Lasix®. Moreover, furosemide release in the intestinal pH from matrix tablets and compression coated tablets was not noticeably different. Formulations incorporating PEO led to sustained release, in intestinal fluids, which depended on the molecular weight of PEO.

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22

Akande, Saheed, Ayodeji Emmanuel Oluleye, and Elkanah Oyetunji. "Minimization of Total Tardiness and Total Flowtime on Single Machine with Non-Zero Release Dates." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 29 (March 2017): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.29.154.

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This paper considers the bicriteria scheduling problem of minimizing the composite function of total tardiness and total flow time on single machine with non-zero release dates. The problem is strongly Non Polynomial (NP). Thus, two heuristics SA7 and SA8 were proposed to solve the problem. The generalized algorithm and the branch and bound procedure were also implemented. The four solution methods were tested on a total of 800 randomly generated problems ranging from 5 to 1000 jobs. Results based on effectiveness and efficiency show that the SA7 heuristic is the most suited solution method to solve the problem.

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23

Kononov, Alexander, and Maxim Sviridenko. "A linear time approximation scheme for makespan minimization in an open shop with release dates." Operations Research Letters 30, no. 4 (August 2002): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6377(02)00115-3.

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24

Baker, S., S. C. Brooks, and D. M. Walker. "The Release of Residual Monomeric Methyl Methacrylate from Acrylic Appliances in the Human Mouth: An Assay for Monomer in Saliva." Journal of Dental Research 67, no. 10 (October 1988): 1295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345880670101001.

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A gas-liquid chromatography assay has been developed for the estimation of methyl methacrylate monomer (MMA) in whole saliva, with a lower limit of detection in the order of 1μg/mL. Healthy human dentate subjects wore recently made autopolymerized or heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) palatal appliances. MMA released into saliva was detected for up to one week after insertion of autopolymerized appliances, with a maximum concentration of 45 μg/mL in whole saliva or 180 μg/mL in the salivary film on the fitting surface. The MMA was not detected in blood or urine. MMA was also present in the saliva of volunteers wearing appliances which had been heat-polymerized at 70°C for one hr but not cured at 70°C for three hr. The maximum amount of monomer released by an autopolymerized base plate was 29.5 μg in the first hour, which, while not a toxic or primary irritant dose, could possibly sensitize patients or elicit an allergic reaction. For minimization of monomer release, autopolymerized appliances should be immersed for 24 hr in water before being worn.

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25

Köksoy, Gözde T., and F. Dilek Sanin. "Effect of digester F/M ratio on gas production and sludge minimization of ultrasonically treated sludge." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 7 (October 1, 2010): 1510–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.447.

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Sludge pretreatment by mechanical, chemical or thermal methods before anaerobic digestion has been applied to increase the digestability of excess sludge. Pretreatment processes rely on their ability to disrupt cell membranes and to release organic materials from the cells into the aqueous phase. Pretreatment by mechanical disintegration has grown rapidly in recent years in parallel with the advances in technology. Ultrasonic sludge disintegration –one of the most commonly used mechanical pretreatment methods- enables the occurrence of cavitation bubbles for the break-up of microorganism cells to extract intracellular materials. The purpose of this study was to conduct disintegration experiments to optimize sonication parameters and to operate subsequent batch anaerobic digesters to examine the effect of food to microorganism ratio (F/M) in sonicated and unsonicated samples. Results showed that high sonication powers and longer treatment times were effective in sludge disintegration in terms of soluble chemical oxygen demand release. Sonicated sludge digested in batch reactors with higher initial F/M ratio caused higher methane generations, higher sludge reductions and had better dewatering characteristics.

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26

Rudek, R. "Computational complexity of the single processor makespan minimization problem with release dates and job-dependent learning." Journal of the Operational Research Society 65, no. 8 (August 2014): 1170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.2013.19.

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27

Kacem, Imed, Nizar Souayah, and Mohamed Haouari. "Branch-and-bound algorithm for total weighted tardiness minimization on parallel machines under release dates assumptions." RAIRO - Operations Research 46, no. 2 (April 2012): 125–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2012010.

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28

Lin, Shih-Wei, Zne-Jung Lee, Kuo-Ching Ying, and Chung-Cheng Lu. "Minimization of maximum lateness on parallel machines with sequence-dependent setup times and job release dates." Computers & Operations Research 38, no. 5 (May 2011): 809–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2010.09.020.

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29

Archetti, Claudia, Dominique Feillet, Andrea Mor, and M. Grazia Speranza. "An iterated local search for the Traveling Salesman Problem with release dates and completion time minimization." Computers & Operations Research 98 (October 2018): 24–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2018.05.001.

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30

Parejiya, P. B., B. S. Barot, and P. K. Shelat. "Development of Prolonged Delivery of Tramadol and Dissolution Translation by Statistical Data Treatment." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 4, no. 1 (May 31, 2011): 1331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2011.4.1.5.

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The present study was carried out to fabricate a prolonged design for tramadol using Kollidon SR (Polyvinyl acetate and povidone based matrix retarding polymer). Matrix tablet formulations were prepared by direct compression of Kollidon SR of a varying proportion with a fixed percentage of tramadol. Tablets containing a 1:0.5 (Drug: Kollidon SR) ratio exhibited a rapid rate of drug release with an initial burst effect. Incorporation of more Kollidon SR in the matrix tablet extended the release of drug with subsequent minimization of the burst effect as confirmed by the mean dissolution time, dissolution efficiency and f2 value. Among the formulation batches, a direct relationship was obtained between release rate and the percentage of Kollidon SR used. The formulation showed close resemblance to the commercial product Contramal and compliance with USP specification. The results were explored and explained by the difference of micromeritic characteristics of the polymers and blend of drug with excipients. Insignificant effects of various factors, e.g. pH of dissolution media, ionic strength, speed of paddle were found on the drug release from Kollidon-SR matrix. The formulation followed the Higuchi kinetic model of drug release. Stability study data indicated stable character of Batch T6 after short-term stability study.

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31

LAZZARONI, GIULIANO, and RODICA TOADER. "A MODEL FOR CRACK PROPAGATION BASED ON VISCOUS APPROXIMATION." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 21, no. 10 (October 2011): 2019–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202511005647.

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In the setting of antiplane linearized elasticity, we show the existence of quasistatic evolutions of cracks in brittle materials by using a vanishing viscosity approach, thus taking into account local minimization. The main feature of our model is that the path followed by the crack need not be prescribed a priori: indeed, it is found as the limit (in the sense of Hausdorff convergence) of curves obtained by an incremental procedure. The result is based on a continuity property for the energy release rate in a suitable class of admissible cracks.

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32

Jia, Zhao-Hong, Ting-Ting Wen, Joseph Y.-T. Leung, and Kai Li. "Effective heuristics for makespan minimization in parallel batch machines with non-identical capacities and job release times." Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization 13, no. 2 (2017): 977–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/jimo.2016057.

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33

Chupin, Maxime, Thomas Haberkorn, and Emmanuel Trélat. "Low-thrust Lyapunov to Lyapunov and Halo to Halo missions with L2-minimization." ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis 51, no. 3 (April 14, 2017): 965–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/m2an/2016044.

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In this work, we develop a new method to design energy minimum low-thrust missions (L2-minimization). In the Circular Restricted Three Body Problem, the knowledge of invariant manifolds helps us initialize an indirect method solving a transfer mission between periodic Lyapunov orbits. Indeed, using the PMP, the optimal control problem is solved using Newton-like algorithms finding the zero of a shooting function. To compute a Lyapunov to Lyapunov mission, we first compute an admissible trajectory using a heteroclinic orbit between the two periodic orbits. It is then used to initialize a multiple shooting method in order to release the constraint. We finally optimize the terminal points on the periodic orbits. Moreover, we use continuation methods on position and on thrust, in order to gain robustness. A more general Halo to Halo mission, with different energies, is computed in the last section without heteroclinic orbits but using invariant manifolds to initialize shooting methods with a similar approach.

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34

Panotopoulos, Grigorios P., and Ziyad S. Haidar. "Mathematical Modeling for Pharmaco-Kinetic and -Dynamic Predictions from Controlled Drug Release NanoSystems: A Comparative Parametric Study." Scientifica 2019 (January 6, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9153876.

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Predicting pharmacokinetics, based on the theory of dynamic systems, for an administered drug (whether intravenously, orally, intramuscularly, etc.), is an industrial and clinical challenge. Often, mathematical modeling of pharmacokinetics is preformed using only a measured concentration time profile of a drug administered in plasma and/or in blood. Yet, in dynamic systems, mathematical modeling (linear) uses both a mathematically described drug administration and a mathematically described body response to the administered drug. In the present work, we compare several mathematical models well known in the literature for simulating controlled drug release kinetics using available experimental data sets obtained in real systems with different drugs and nanosized carriers. We employed the χ2 minimization method and concluded that the Korsmeyer–Peppas model (or power-law model) provides the best ﬁt, in all cases (the minimum value of χ2 per degree of freedom; χmin2/d.o.f. = 1.4183, with 2 free parameters or m = 2). Hence, (i) better understanding of the exact mass transport mechanisms involved in drugs release and (ii) quantitative prediction of drugs release can be computed and simulated. We anticipate that this work will help devise optimal pharmacokinetic and dynamic release systems, with measured variable properties, at nanoscale, characterized to target specific diseases and conditions.

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35

Hiley, Michael J., and Maurice R. Yeadon. "The Effect of Cost Function on Optimum Technique of the Undersomersault on Parallel Bars." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 28, no. 1 (February 2012): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.28.1.10.

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The undersomersault, or felge, to handstand on parallel bars has become an important skill in Men’s Artistic Gymnastics as it forms the basis of many complex variations. To receive no deductions from the judges, the undersomersault must be performed without demonstrating the use of strength to achieve the final handstand position. Two male gymnasts each performed nine undersomersaults from handstand to handstand while data were recorded using an automatic motion capture system. The highest and lowest scoring trials of each gymnast, as determined by four international judges, were chosen for further analysis. Three optimization criteria were used to generate undersomersault technique during the swing phase of the skill using a computer simulation model: minimization of peak joint torques, minimization of horizontal velocity before release, and maximization of angular momentum. The techniques used by both gymnasts could be explained using the second optimization criterion which facilitated further skill development. The first optimization criterion generated a technique advocated for beginners where strength might be expected to be a limiting factor. The third optimization criterion resulted in a different type of undersomersault movement of greater difficulty according to the FIG Code of Points.

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36

Belyaev, A. F., and G. E. Piskunova. "Comparative analysis of changes of bioelectrical activity of the brain during the neutral touch and during the performance of the myofascial release technique." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 1-2 (August 8, 2018): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2018-1-2-46-55.

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Introduction. One of the main tools of an osteopath are soft tissue techniques, which have a number of particular qualities such as minimization of force and duration of indirect techniques with an emphasis on muscle and ligamentous structures; combination of gestures, tendency to maximal relaxation and exclusion of direct action on pathological symptoms such as tension, overtone and pain. Minimization of the force applied during the performance of soft tissue techniques often invites a question whether there are differences between the usual touch and the therapeutic touch of an osteopath.Goal of research - to reveal the changes in the bioelectrical activity of the cerebral cortex arising in the process of osteopathic treatment in order to prove its speciﬁ city in comparison with nonspeciﬁ c tactile stimulation (neutral touch).Materials and methods. 75 people were examined with the use of multiparameter analysis of multichannel EEG in different times. 25 patients were clinically healthy adults, whereas 50 patients had signs of somatic dysfunctions.Results. Computer encephalography permits to perceive the difference between the neutral touch and the therapeutic action. An identiﬁ cation reaction is a response to the neutral touch (changes in brain bioelectrical activity with an increase in statistically signiﬁ cant connections in the temporal lobes), whereas the therapeutic action provokes the state of purposeful brain activity during still point (intensiﬁ cation of frontooccipital interactions).Conclusions. Osteopathic action causes additional tension in the processing of incoming information, which requires participation of different brain regions, including interhemispheric mechanisms associated with analysis, maintenance of attention and regulation of targeted activities.

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Arroyo, José Elias C., Joseph Y. T. Leung, and Ricardo Gonçalves Tavares. "An iterated greedy algorithm for total flow time minimization in unrelated parallel batch machines with unequal job release times." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 77 (January 2019): 239–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2018.10.012.

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38

Marozsán, Marianna. "Examination of the possible role of biofertilizers and wood ash in the nutrient supply of plants." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 36 (November 2, 2009): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/36/2797.

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Some physiological effects of bacteria containing fertilizer and some wood ash were examined in the experiments. The minimization of the use of chemicals in agriculture has been an ongoing challenge. One option lies in the intenzification of soil life. The release of organic matters by the roots and bacteria play a significant role in the uptake of minerals. The main problem to usilize wood ash in agriculture is its heavy metal contents. The solubility of heavy metals is very low, therefore there is no risk to use the wood ash in the agriculture and in the horticulture according to our experiments. The wood ash and biofertilizer contains several micronutrients in an optimum composition for forestry and agricultural plants.

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Marianna Marozsán. "The special questions of nutrition of forest plants." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 41 (December 15, 2010): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/41/2685.

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Some physiological effects of bacteria containing fertilizer and some wood ash were examined in the experiments. The minimization of the use of chemicals in agriculture has been an ongoing challenge. One option lies in the intenzification of soil life. The release of organic matters by the roots and bacteria play a significant role in the uptake of minerals. The main problem to usilize wood ash in agriculture is its heavy metal contents. Thesolubility of heavy metals is very low, therefore there is no risk to use the wood ash in the agriculture and in the horticulture according to our experiments. The wood ash and biofertilizer contains several micronutrients in an optimum composition for forestry and agricultural plants.

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Vlachou, Marilena, Angeliki Siamidi, and Yannis Dotsikas. "Utilization of a Single Experimental Design for the Optimization of Furosemide Modified-Release Tablet Formulations." Current Drug Delivery 16, no. 10 (December 27, 2019): 931–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201816666191029130324.

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Background: The loop diuretic drug furosemide is widely used for the treatment of edema in various conditions, such as pulmonary, cardiac and hepatic edema, as well as cardiac infarction. Furosemide, due to its poor water solubility and low bioavailability after oral administration of conventional dosage form, is categorized as class IV in the biopharmaceutical classification system. Objective: In the case of furosemide, this release profile is responsible for various physiological problems, acute diuresis being the most serious. This adverse effect can be circumvented by the modified release of furosemide from tablet formulations compared to those forms designed for immediate release. Method: In this report, a D-optimal combined experimental design was applied for the development of furosemide containing bilayer and compression coated tablets, aiming at lowering the drug’s burst release in the acidic environment of the stomach. A D-optimal combined design was selected in order to include all requirements in one design with many levels for the factors examined. The following responses were selected as the ones reflecting better criteria for the desired drug release: dissolution at 120 min (30-40%), 300 min (60-70%) and 480 min >95%. The new formulations, suggested by the Doptimal combined design, incorporated different grades of Eudragit ® polymers (Eudragit® E100 and Eudragit® L100-55), lactose monohydrate and HPMC K15M. The dissolution profile of furosemide from these systems was probed via in vitro dissolution experiments in buffer solutions simulating the pH of the gastrointestinal tract. Results: The results indicate that the use of Eudragit® E100 in conjunction with lactose monohydrate led to 21.32-40.85 % drug release, in the gastric medium, in both compression-coated and bilayer tablets. This is lower than the release of the mainstream drug Lasix® (t=120 min, 44.5% drug release), implying longer gastric retention and drug waste minimization. Conclusion: Furosemide’s release in the intestinal environment, from compression coated tablets incorporating Eudragit® L100-55 and HPMC K15M in the inner core or one of the two layers of the bilayer tablets, was delayed, compared to Lasix®

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Bhowmick, Aditi, Tushar Saha, James Regun Karmoker, and Md Selim Reza. "Design of Experiment (DoE) Approach to Prepare, Characterize and Optimize the Gastroretentive Mucoadhesive Microspheres of Repaglinide." Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22, no. 2 (July 21, 2019): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v22i2.42297.

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In this present investigation, gastroretentive mucoadhesive microspheres of Repaglinide was formulated, characterized and optimized by applying the design of experiment (DoE) for better release profile and sustain action of the drug. Solvent evaporation technique was used to prepare microspheres, where Methocel K15M CR (X1), Eudragit L 100 (X2) and rpm (X3) were used as independent variables whereas percent cumulative drug release at 8 hours (Y1), bond strength (Y2) and swelling at 8 hours (Y3) were used as dependent variables. Particle size, surface morphology, mucoadhesive bond strength, swelling study, and drug entrapment efficiency were determined to characterize the prepared microspheres. In vitro dissolution study was performed in 0.1N HCl (pH 1.2) media for 8 hours. Response surface of dependent variables was calculated by design expert software and it was found that most of the responses were fitted to the quadratic model. Percent cumulative drug release at 8 hours was found minimum 61.34% and maximum 87.29%, the minimum and maximum range of mucoadhesive bond strength was found 426.02 to 13335.74 N/m2 and in case of swelling at 8 hours, it was found 157.43 and 230.22%. After analyzing the responses, proposed formula was obtained from which minimization of percent cumulative drug release at 8 hours as well as swelling and maximization of bond strength was obtained. Thermal behavior was investigated by DSC study and no interaction was found between drug and excipients from FTIR study. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(2): 135-145, 2019

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Mrad, Mehdi, Sabrine Chalghoumi, Talel Ladhari, and Anis Gharbi. "Enhanced lower bounds and exact procedures for total completion time minimization in a two‐machine permutation flowshop with release dates." International Transactions in Operational Research 26, no. 6 (May 17, 2017): 2432–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/itor.12421.

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Zhang, Ming yang, Yun Xiang, and Jian wei Du. "A Novel Rotating Disk System for Disintegration of Excess Sludge." Journal of Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1563560.

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Conventional activated sludge treatment process has been widely employed to deal with a variety of municipal and industrial waste water, but the production of sludge by this method is considerable. It is urgent to find an appropriate method which can solve this problem. Shear force produced by rotating disk system (a cell lysis system) was employed to break cell wall of sludge microorganism in order to release intracellular materials which can be reused as nutrient materials for metabolism of other sludge microorganisms in this study. Special feature on surfaces of disks had been proved to be a novel improvement which can improve disintegration effect apparently. Ultrasonic system can further promote minimization of excess sludge after treatment by rotating disk system in shorter time.

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Romanuke, Vadim. "A Heuristic’s Job Order Gain in Pyramidal Preemptive Job Scheduling Problems for Total Weighted Completion Time Minimization." Information Technology and Management Science 22 (December 23, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/itms-2019-0001.

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A possibility of speeding up the job scheduling by a heuristic based on the shortest processing period approach is studied in the paper. The scheduling problem is such that the job volume and job priority weight are increasing as the job release date increases. Job preemptions are allowed. Within this model, the input for the heuristic is formed by either ascending or descending job order. Therefore, an estimator of relative difference in duration of finding an approximate schedule by these job orders is designed. It is ascertained that the job order results in different time of computations when scheduling at least a few hundred jobs. The ascending-order solving becomes on average by 1 % to 2.5 % faster when job volumes increase steeply. As the steepness of job volumes decreases, this gain vanishes and, eventually, the descending-order solving becomes on average faster by up to 4 %. The gain trends of both job orders slowly increase as the number of jobs increases.

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Kott, Alexander, Paul Théron, Luigi V. Mancini, Edlira Dushku, Agostino Panico, Martin Drašar, Benoît LeBlanc, et al. "An introductory preview of Autonomous Intelligent Cyber-defense Agent reference architecture, release 2.0." Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology 17, no. 1 (November 8, 2019): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548512919886163.

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The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Research Task Group IST-152 developed a concept and a reference architecture for intelligent software agents performing active, largely autonomous cyber-defense actions on military assets. The group released a detailed report, briefly reviewed in this article, where such an agent is referred to as an Autonomous Intelligent Cyber-defense Agent (AICA). In a conflict with a technically sophisticated adversary, NATO military networks will operate in a heavily contested battlefield. Enemy malware will likely infiltrate and attack friendly networks and systems. Today’s reliance on human cyber defenders will be untenable on the future battlefield. Instead, artificially intelligent agents, such as AICAs, will be necessary to defeat the enemy malware in an environment of potentially disrupted communications where human intervention may not be possible. The IST-152 group identified specific capabilities of AICA. For example, AICA will have to be capable of autonomous planning and execution of complex multi-step activities for defeating or degrading sophisticated adversary malware, with the anticipation and minimization of resulting side effects. It will have to be capable of adversarial reasoning to battle against a thinking, adaptive malware. Crucially, AICA will have to keep itself and its actions as undetectable as possible, and will have to use deceptions and camouflage. The report identifies the key functions and components and their interactions for a potential reference architecture of such an agent, as well as a tentative roadmap toward the capabilities of AICA.

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Romanuke, V. V. "JOB ORDER INPUT FOR EFFICIENT EXACT MINIMIZATION OF TOTAL TARDINESS IN TIGHT-TARDY PROGRESSIVE SINGLE MACHINE SCHEDULING WITH IDLING-FREE PREEMPTIONS." Proceedings of the O.S. Popov ОNAT 1, no. 1 (August 27, 2020): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33243/2518-7139-2020-1-1-19-36.

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Abstract. A schedule ensuring the exactly minimal total tardiness can be found with the respective integer linear programming problem. An open question is whether the exact schedule computation time changes if the job release dates are input into the model in reverse order. The goal is to ascertain whether the job order in tight-tardy progressive single machine scheduling with idling-free preemptions influences the speed of computing the exact solution. The Boolean linear programming model provided for finding schedules with the minimal total tardiness is used. To achieve the said goal, a computational study is carried out with the purpose of estimating the averaged computation time for both ascending and descending orders of job release dates. Instances of the job scheduling problem are generated so that schedules which can be obtained trivially, without the exact model, are excluded. As in the case of equal-length jobs, it has been ascertained that the job order really influences the speed of computing schedules whose total tardiness is minimal. Scheduling two to five jobs is executed on average faster by the descending job order input, where 1 to 3 % speed-up is expected. Further increment of the number of jobs to be scheduled cannot guarantee any speed-up even on average. This result is similar to that in the case of equal-length jobs, but there is no regularity in such an efficient job order input. Without any assurance for a single job scheduling problem, the efficient exact minimization of total tardiness by the descending job order input must be treated as on average only.

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Sarmento, Pedro, Elisa Delgado Mena, Bárbara Rojas-Ayala, and Sergi Blanco-Cuaresma. "Derivation of parameters for 3748 FGK stars using H-band spectra from APOGEE Data Release 14." Astronomy & Astrophysics 636 (April 2020): A85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936296.

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Context. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) has observed the H-band spectra of over 200 000 stars with R ∼ 22 000. Aims. The main motivation for this work is to test an alternative method to the standard APOGEE pipeline (APOGEE Stellar Parameter and Chemical Abundances Pipeline, ASPCAP) to derive parameters in the near-infrared for FGK dwarfs. Methods. iSpec and Turbospectrum are used to generate synthetic spectra matching APOGEE observations and to determine the parameters through χ2 minimization. Results. We present spectroscopic parameters (Teff, [M/H], log g, vmic) for a sample of 3748 main-sequence and subgiant FGK stars, obtained from their APOGEE H-band spectra. Conclusions. We compare our output parameters with the ones obtained with ASPCAP for the same stellar spectrum, and find that the values agree within the expected uncertainties. A comparison with the optical samples California Planet Survey, High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher – Guaranteed Time Observations, and PASTEL is also available, and median differences below 10 K for Teff and 0.2 dex for [M/H] are found. Reasons for these differences are explored. The full H-band line list, the line selection for the synthesis, and the synthesized spectra are available at the CDS, as are the calculated parameters and their estimated uncertainties.

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Beldar, Pedram, Jose M. Framinan, and Allahyar Ardakani. "Minimization of total completion time on a batch processing machine with arbitrary release dates: an effectual teaching–learning based optimization approach." Production Engineering 13, no. 5 (June 4, 2019): 557–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11740-019-00906-2.

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Lee, Dong Nyung. "Annealing Textures of Thin Films and Copper Interconnects." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.1.

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Vapor-, electro-, and electroless-deposits have usually strong fiber textures. When annealed, the deposits undergo recrystallization or abnormal grain growth to reduce their energy stored during deposition. The driving force for recrystallization is mainly caused by dislocations, whereas that for abnormal grain growth is due to the grain boundary, surface, interface, and strain energies. During recrystallization and abnormal grain growth, the texture change can take place. The recrystallization and abnormal grain growth textures are in general of fiber type. However, copper interconnects are subjected to non-planar stress state due to geometric constraints during room temperature and/or elevated temperature annealing. The annealing textures of the thin films and copper interconnects are discussed in terms of the minimization of the surface, interface, and strain energies, the grain boundary energy and mobility, and the strain-energy-release maximization.

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Yang, Lizhong, Haoxin Xu, Fabrizio Cola, Bakytzhan Akhmetov, Antoni Gil, Luisa F. Cabeza, and Alessandro Romagnoli. "Shell-and-Tube Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Design Methodology with Material Selection, Storage Performance Evaluation, and Cost Minimization." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (May 4, 2021): 4180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11094180.

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Shell-and-tube latent heat thermal energy storage units employ phase change materials to store and release heat at a nearly constant temperature, deliver high effectiveness of heat transfer, as well as high charging/discharging power. Even though many studies have investigated the material formulation, heat transfer through simulation, and experimental studies, there is limited research dedicated to the storage unit design methodology. This study proposes a comprehensive methodology that includes the material assessment with multi-attribute decision-making and multi-objective decision-making tools, epsilon-NTU method, and cost minimization using Genetic Algorithm. The methodology is validated by a series of experimental results, and implemented in the optimization of a storage unit for solar absorption chiller application. A unit cost of as low as USD 8396 per unit is reported with a power of 1.42 kW. The methodology proves to be an efficient, reliable, and systematic tool to fulfill the preliminary design of shell-and-tube LHTES before the computational fluid dynamics or detailed experimental studies are engaged.

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