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Journal articles on the topic 'Miniaturized pneumatic artificial muscles'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Díaz-Zagal, S., C. Gutiérrez-Estrada, E. Rendón-Lara, I. Abundez-Barrera, and J. H. Pacheco-Sánchez. "Pneumatic Artificial Mini-Muscles Conception: Medical Robotics Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 15 (August 2009): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.15.49.

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Actually, the pneumatic artificial muscles of McKibben type [1] show a great functional similarity with the skeletal muscle. A detailed analysis of the system has been performed to better characterize this similarity with the analogous dynamic behavior of the organic system. Such analysis has shown that the McKibben-type artificial muscle can be adapted to the Hill fundamental model [2]. Research regarding pneumatic artificial muscle with application to robotics has recently focused on mini-actuators for miniaturized robotics systems. This is specially true in the area of medical robotics, but an extension of miniactuator technology to other applications may be feasible, such as the development of artificial fine-motion limbs (hands and/or fingers). The present work details the artificial muscle miniaturization process developed in the LESIA laboratory, their behavior, their position and force control characteristics, as well as the possible applications of this technology to medical robotics.

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2

Zabihollah, Shakila, Seyed Alireza Moezi, and Ramin Sedaghati. "Design Optimization of a Miniaturized Pneumatic Artificial Muscle and Experimental Validation." Actuators 12, no. 6 (May 25, 2023): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act12060221.

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Miniaturized pneumatic artificial muscles (MPAMs) are widely utilized in various applications due to their unique characteristics, such as a high power-to-weight ratio, flexibility, and compatibility with the human environment, as well as being compact enough to fit within small-scale mechanical systems. Maximizing the amount of force generated by these actuators while keeping their dimensions minimized can greatly affect their efficiency. In this study, a formal design optimization problem was formulated to identify optimal sizes of MPAMs while maximizing their blocked force as a novel approach to address the issue of low force outputs of these actuators. A force model for an MPAM including various correction terms was derived to better predict the response behavior of the actuator. The optimization results reveal that an MPAM with a bladder that has an outer diameter of 6 mm and a thickness of 0.7 mm, as well as a braid angle of 72 degrees, can produce up to almost 239 N of blocked force if the inlet pressure is increased to 600 kPa. An MPAM with optimal parameters was subsequently fabricated and experimentally tested to evaluate its quasi-static response behavior and to validate the theoretical optimization results. Experimental tests were conducted under a wide range of pressures (0–300 kPa) to evaluate the variation of the generated blocked force versus inlet pressure. The overall error between the simulation and the experimental blocked forces was found to be less than 10%. This study represents a significant contribution to the design optimization of MPAMs, and the resulting optimal design offers potential applications in various fields, from soft robots to medical devices.

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3

Ashwin, K. P., and Ashitava Ghosal. "Static Modeling of Miniaturized Pneumatic Artificial Muscles, Kinematic Analysis, and Experiments on an Endoscopic End-Effector." IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics 24, no. 4 (August 2019): 1429–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmech.2019.2916783.

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4

Tiwari, Rashi, Michael A. Meller, Karl B. Wajcs, Caris Moses, Ismael Reveles, and Ephrahim Garcia. "Hydraulic artificial muscles." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 23, no. 3 (February 2012): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x12438627.

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This article presents hydraulic artificial muscles as a viable alternative to pneumatic artificial muscles. Despite the actuation mechanism being similar to its pneumatic counterpart, hydraulic artificial muscles have not been widely studied. Hydraulic artificial muscles offer all the same advantages of pneumatic artificial muscles, such as compliance, light weight, low maintenance, and low cost, when compared to traditional fluidic cylinder actuators. Muscle characterization in isometric and isobaric conditions are discussed and compared to pneumatic artificial muscles. A quasi-static model incorporating the effect of mesh angle, friction, and muscle volume change throughout actuation is presented. This article also discusses the use of hydraulic artificial muscles for low-pressure hydraulic mesoscale robotic leg.

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5

Tóthová, Mária, Ján Piteľ, and Jana Boržíková. "Operating Modes of Pneumatic Artificial Muscle Actuator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 308 (February 2013): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.308.39.

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The paper describes operating modes of the PAM based actuator consisting of two pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) in antagonistic connection. The artificial muscles are acting against themselves and resultant position of the actuator is given by equilibrium of their forces according to different pressures in muscles. The main requirement for operation of such pneumatic actuator is uniform movement and accurate arm position control according to input desired variable. There are described in paper operation characteristics of the pneumatic artificial muscle in variable pressure and then operation characteristics of the pneumatic artificial muscle actuator consisting of two muscles in antagonistic connection.

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6

Wirekoh, Jackson, and Yong-Lae Park. "Design of flat pneumatic artificial muscles." Smart Materials and Structures 26, no. 3 (February 7, 2017): 035009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/aa5496.

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7

Sorge, Francesco. "Dynamical behaviour of pneumatic artificial muscles." Meccanica 50, no. 5 (December 18, 2014): 1371–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11012-014-0084-x.

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8

Gyeviki, János, József Sárosi, Antal Véha, and Péter Toman. "Experimental investigation of characteristics of pneumatic artificial muscles." Jelenkori Társadalmi és Gazdasági Folyamatok 5, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2010): 244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/jtgf.2010.1-2.244-248.

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The characteristics of pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) make them very interesting for the development of robotic and prosthesis applications. The McKibben muscle is the most popular and is made commercially available by different companies. The aim of this research is to acquire as much information about the pneumatic artificial muscles as we can with our test-bed that was developed by us and to be able to adopt these muscles as a part of prosthesis. This paper presents the set-up constructed, and then describes some mechanical testing results for the pneumatic artificial muscles.

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9

Verrelst, Bj�rn, Ronald Van Ham, Bram Vanderborght, Frank Daerden, Dirk Lefeber, and Jimmy Vermeulen. "The Pneumatic Biped ?Lucy? Actuated with Pleated Pneumatic Artificial Muscles." Autonomous Robots 18, no. 2 (March 2005): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10514-005-0726-x.

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10

Versluys, Rino, Kristel Deckers, Michaël Van Damme, Ronald Van Ham, Gunther Steenackers, Patrick Guillaume, and Dirk Lefeber. "A Study on the Bandwidth Characteristics of Pleated Pneumatic Artificial Muscles." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 6, no. 1 (2009): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/298125.

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Pleated pneumatic artificial muscles have interesting properties that can be of considerable significance in robotics and automation. With a view to the potential use of pleated pneumatic artificial muscles as actuators for a fatigue test bench (high forces and small displacements), the bandwidth characteristics of a muscle-valve system were investigated. Bandwidth is commonly used for linear systems, as the Bode plot is independent of the amplitude of the input signal. However, due to the non-linear behaviour of pleated pneumatic artificial muscles, the system's gain becomes dependent on the amplitude of the input sine wave. As a result, only one Bode plot is insufficient to clearly describe or identify a non-linear system. In this study, the bandwidth of a muscle-valve system was assessed from two perspectives: a varying amplitude and a varying offset of the input sine wave. A brief introduction to pneumatic artificial muscles is given. The concept of pleated pneumatic artificial muscles is explained. Furthermore, the different test methods and experimental results are presented.

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11

Zhang, Xiaotian, and Girish Krishnan. "A nested pneumatic muscle arrangement for amplified stroke and force behavior." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 29, no. 6 (September 22, 2017): 1139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x17730920.

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This article presents a compact nested architecture to amplify the displacement and forces of pneumatic artificial muscles for potential use in human assistive devices and other robotic applications. The nested architecture consists of several levels in series, and each level is made up of contracting pneumatic muscles, passive force transfer members, and additively manufactured interconnects. The stroke obtained from the nested pneumatic artificial muscle architecture is not always beneficial and is limited by the length-dependent behavior of pneumatic artificial muscles and other practical manufacturing constraints such as the size of the interconnects. Thus, this article studies the effect of the pneumatic artificial muscle length on its stroke using a modified constrained volume maximization formulation, which predicts the actual shape of the deformed pneumatic artificial muscle, and models additional stiffness due to membrane bending. Using this formulation, a framework is presented to optimally design the number of nested levels and individual actuators in each level to obtain a required stroke. Such a system is designed to actuate the human elbow by an angle of 80°, where almost 40% contraction is obtained using custom-manufactured pneumatic artificial muscles inherently capable of contracting upto 17% of its length. The framework can be used to amplify the stroke and forces of any pneumatic artificial muscle actuator and adapt it to different application requirements.

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12

Sárosi, József, János Gyeviki, and Sándor Csikós. "Mesterséges pneumatikus izomelemek modellezése és paramétereinek szimulációja MATLAB környezetben." Jelenkori Társadalmi és Gazdasági Folyamatok 5, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2010): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/jtgf.2010.1-2.273-277.

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Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) are becoming more commonly used as actuators in modern robotics. The most made and common type of these artificial muscles in use is the McKibben artificial muscle that was developed in 1950's. The braided muscle is composed of gas-tight elastic bladder, surrounded by braided sleeves. Typical materials used for the membrane constructions are latex and silicone rubber, while nylon is normally used in the fibres. This paper presents the geometric model of PAM and different MATLAB models for pneumatic artificial muscles. The aim of our models is to relate the pressure and length of the pneumatic artificial muscles to the force it exerts along its entire exists.

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13

Saga, N., J. Nagase, and T. Saikawa. "Pneumatic Artificial Muscles Based on Biomechanical Characteristics of Human Muscles." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 3, no. 3 (2006): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/427569.

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This article reports the pneumatic artificial muscles based on biomechanical characteristics of human muscles. A wearable device and a rehabilitation robot that assist a human muscle should have characteristics similar to those of human muscle. In addition, since the wearable device and the rehabilitation robot should be light, an actuator with a high power to weight ratio is needed. At present, the McKibben type is widely used as an artificial muscle, but in fact its physical model is highly nonlinear. Therefore, an artificial muscle actuator has been developed in which high-strength carbon fibres have been built into the silicone tube. However, its contraction rate is smaller than the actual biological muscles. On the other hand, if an artificial muscle that contracts axially is installed in a robot as compactly as the robot hand, big installing space is required. Therefore, an artificial muscle with a high contraction rate and a tendon-driven system as a compact actuator were developed, respectively. In this study, we report on the basic structure and basic characteristics of two types of actuators.

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14

Zhetenbaev, N. T., Y. S. Nurgizat, G. K. Balbayev, B. T. Shingissov, and G. D. Yestemessova. "Research and application of pneumatic artificial muscles." Vestnik KazNRTU 143, no. 1 (2021): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51301/vest.su.2021.v143.i1.27.

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15

Chettouh, M., S. Boudoua, M. Belhocine, and M. Hamerlain. "Chatter Attenuation for Pneumatic Artificial Rubber Muscles." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 42, no. 13 (2009): 617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20090819-3-pl-3002.00107.

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16

Ning, Feng, Yingli Chang, and Jingze Wang. "Variable Stiffness Structures Utilizing Pneumatic Artificial Muscles." MATEC Web of Conferences 256 (2019): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925601005.

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Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) can offer excellent force-to-weight ratios and act as shape-changing actuator under injecting the actuation fluid into their bladders. PAMs could be easily utilized for morphing structures due to their millimeter-scale diameter. The pressurized PAM can serve not only as artificial muscle actuator which obtains contraction deformation capability but also as a spring system with variable stiffness. In this study, the stiffness behaviors of pressurized PAMs and a variable stiffness structure are investigated. By taking advantage of the designed PAMs which was conducted by the non- linear quasi-static model, significant changes in the spring stiffness can be achieved by air pressure control. A case study is presented to explore the potential behavior of a structure with circular permutation PAMs. The structure used in this case consists of sixteen PAMs with circular homogeneous distribution and a circular supporter with sixteen slide way runners. The stiffness of presented structure can vary flexibly in wide range through controlling the air pressure levels and slide deformation respectively.

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17

Takosoglu, Jakub. "Angular position control system of pneumatic artificial muscles." Open Engineering 10, no. 1 (July 11, 2020): 681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0077.

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AbstractThis article presents a test stand used to determine the angle control of a pair of pneumatic artificial muscles PAM, which work antagonistically like natural muscles, e.g. in the human arm. The muscles were designed and produced at the Kielce University of Technology. The technical and functional parameters of the muscles were determined on the basis of experimental research. The Ziegler-Nichols method of tuning a PID controller on the basis of the step response measurement of the open system is also presented for the analysed problem. Experimental research was performed on angle control of a pair of pneumatic muscles with a PID controller.

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18

More, Marcel, Ondrej Líška, and Juraj Kováč. "Experimental Verification of Force Feedback for Rehabilitation Robot." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 18 (October 2015): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.18.123.

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Unlike conventional robots, the equipment provided with pneumatic artificial muscles cannot integrate standard systems for force measurement. Applied measurement system involves specific attributes and requirements for pneumatic muscles. Force feedback of rehabilitation device equipped with pneumatic muscles was experimentally verified under the laboratory condition.

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19

Saga, N., J. Nagase, and T. Saikawa. "Pneumatic artificial muscles based on biomechanical characteristics of human muscles." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 3, no. 3 (January 2006): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/abbi.2006.0028.

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20

Chakarov, Dimitar, Ivanka Veneva, Mihail Tsveov, and Pavel Venev. "Powered Upper Limb Orthosis Actuation System Based on Pneumatic Artificial Muscles." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 48, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jtam-2018-0002.

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AbstractThe actuation system of a powered upper limb orthosis is studied in the work. To create natural safety in the mutual “man-robot” interaction, an actuation system based on pneumatic artificial muscles (PAM) is selected. Experimentally obtained force/contraction diagrams for bundles, consisting of different number of muscles are shown in the paper. The pooling force and the stiffness of the pneumatic actuators is assessed as a function of the number of muscles in the bundle and the supply pressure. Joint motion and torque is achieved by antagonistic actions through pulleys, driven by bundles of pneumatic muscles. Joint stiffness and joint torques are determined on condition of a power balance, as a function of the joint position, pressure, number of muscles and muscles

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21

Takosoglu, Jakub. "Static characteristics of the new artificial pneumatic muscle." EPJ Web of Conferences 269 (2022): 01061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226901061.

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The pneumatic artificial muscles are used as driving elements of mobile, anthropomorphic, bionic and humanoid robots as well as rehabilitation and physiotherapeutic manipulators. The PAMs are also increasingly used for the automation of industrial processes. The article presents test stands and methods used to determine the static, isobaric, isotonic and isometric characteristics of the new pneumatic artificial muscles. The muscles have been designed and developed at the Kielce University of Technology. Comparative tests of technical parameters of the designed muscle with the muscles available on the market have been performed.

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22

Šmeringai, Peter, Miroslav Rimár, Marcel Fedák, and Štefan Kuna. "Real Time Pressure Control in Pneumatic Actuators." Key Engineering Materials 669 (October 2015): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.669.335.

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This paper explains the design of real-time control system for drives which use a pneumatic artificial muscles. Described is the design of hardware and software equipment, as well as design of these components involvement in the experimental facility with artificial muscles. In this paper are referred experimental measurements on the device aimed at monitoring the changes in observed PAMs characteristics caused by pressure changes in artificial muscles during their operation.

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23

Saga, Norihiko, Kunio Shimada, Douhaku Inamori, Naoki Saito, Toshiyuki Satoh, and Jun-ya Nagase. "Smart Pneumatic Artificial Muscle Using a Bend Sensor like a Human Muscle with a Muscle Spindle." Sensors 22, no. 22 (November 19, 2022): 8975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22228975.

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Shortage of labor and increased work of young people are causing problems in terms of care and welfare of a growing proportion of elderly people. This is a looming social problem because people of advanced ages are increasing. Necessary in the fields of care and welfare, pneumatic artificial muscles in actuators of robots are being examined. Pneumatic artificial muscles have a high output per unit of weight, and they are soft, similarly to human muscles. However, in previous research of robots using pneumatic artificial muscles, rigid sensors were often installed at joints and other locations due to the robots’ structures. Therefore, we developed a smart actuator that integrates a bending sensor that functions as a human muscle spindle; it can be externally attached to the pneumatic artificial muscle. This paper reports a smart artificial muscle actuator that can sense contraction, which can be applied to developed self-monitoring and robot posture control.

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24

Mižáková, Jana, Ján Piteľ, and Mária Tóthová. "Pneumatic Artificial Muscle as Actuator in Mechatronic System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 460 (November 2013): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.460.81.

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The paper describes basic characteristics of pneumatic artificial muscles (PAM) for using as actuator in mechatronic system. The previous parameters research of individually connected artificial muscles shows, that it is significantly nonlinear system with time delay. Availing these results, problem of using of static and dynamic characteristics of PAMs for control and modeling electropneumatic mechatronic systems based on the artificial muscles occurs. To solve this problems, the paper also deals with design of some models.

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25

Mi, Juncheng, Guoqin Huang, and Jin Yu. "Characterization and Joint Control Study of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles." Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2023): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13021075.

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Physical dynamic characteristics and control studies were conducted for pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM), the core component of the drive of lower limb rehabilitation robots. Firstly, a static model and a dynamic model of the pneumatic artificial muscle were established. Then a test bench was designed to perform dynamic characteristic test simulations and experiments. After that, the pneumatic artificial muscle test bench was designed to simulate and test its dynamic characteristics. Finally, a typical PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) controller was built to perform control simulations and step control experiments for the pneumatic artificial muscle. Experiments show that the PID can achieve stable and accurate tracking of the signal and meet the application requirements of PAM.

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26

Noritsugu, Toshiro, Masahiro Takaiwa, and Daisuke Sasaki. "Development of Power Assist Wear Using Pneumatic Rubber Artificial Muscles." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 21, no. 5 (October 20, 2009): 607–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2009.p0607.

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In the future, when the average age of the members of society becomes advanced, an innovative technology to assist the activities of daily living of elderly and disabled people and to assist in the heavy work in nursing will be desired. To develop such a technology, an actuator that is safe and user-friendly is required. It should be small, lightweight, and sufficiently soft. Such an actuator is available in artificial muscle made of pneumatic rubber. We have developed some types of pneumatic rubber artificial muscles and applied them to wearable power assist devices. A wearable power assist device is fitted to the human body to assist the power of muscles that support the activities of daily living, rehabilitation, training, and so on. In this paper, some types of pneumatic rubber artificial muscles developed and manufactured in our laboratory are presented. Furthermore, two kinds of wearable power assist devices driven by the rubber artificial muscles are described. Finally, some evaluations clarify the effectiveness of pneumatic rubber artificial muscle for innovative human assistance technologies.

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27

Yong Kwun Lee and Isao Shimoyama. "A skeletal framework artificial hand actuated by pneumatic artificial muscles." Advanced Robotics 13, no. 3 (January 1998): 349–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156855399x00838.

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28

Shimoyama, Isao. "A skeletal framework artificial hand actuated by pneumatic artificial muscles." Advanced Robotics 13, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 349–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156855399x01639.

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29

URABE, Kentaro, Ryo NAITO, and Kiminao KOGISO. "Experimental Validation on McKibben Pneumatic Artificial Muscles Models." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 51, no. 4 (2015): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr.51.267.

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30

BAO, Gang. "Force feedback dataglove based on pneumatic artificial muscles." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (English Edition) 19, no. 04 (2006): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/cjme.2006.04.588.

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31

Ching-Ping Chou and B. Hannaford. "Measurement and modeling of McKibben pneumatic artificial muscles." IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation 12, no. 1 (1996): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/70.481753.

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32

Pillsbury, Thomas E., Norman M. Wereley, and Qinghua Guan. "Comparison of contractile and extensile pneumatic artificial muscles." Smart Materials and Structures 26, no. 9 (August 9, 2017): 095034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/aa7257.

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33

ZHONG, JUN, DONGKAI HE, CHUN ZHAO, YUE ZHU, and QIANZHUANG ZHANG. "AN REHABILITATION ROBOT DRIVEN BY PNEUMATIC ARTIFICIAL MUSCLES." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 20, no. 09 (September 16, 2020): 2040008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519420400084.

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Rehabilitation robots are playing an important role in restoring movement ability of hemiplegic patients. However, most of these robots adopt motors as actuators. Considering human body is a flexible organism, rigid motors lack compliance when getting in touch with patients. This paper designs an ankle rehabilitation robot by employing pneumatic muscle actuators which are soft and have similar compliance with biological muscles. Analysis of motion characteristics of human ankle is performed, and relationship between angle and torque of human ankle acquired from experiment is studied. Driving mechanism using pneumatic muscle actuators is addressed carefully and ankle-rehabilitation robot is designed. Then, dynamics of the robot is established and structure optimization of the driving mechanism is performed. Consequently, prototype is manufactured and assembled.

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34

Li, XueAi, Kui Sun, Chuangqiang Guo, Teng Liu, and Hong Liu. "Enhanced static modeling of commercial pneumatic artificial muscles." Assembly Automation 40, no. 3 (January 10, 2020): 407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-04-2019-0060.

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Purpose This paper aims to propose an enhanced static model of commercial braided pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs), which is fully analytical without the need for experimentally determined parameters. Design/methodology/approach To address the highly nonlinear issues of PAMs, the enhanced model is derived considering the irregular shapes close to their end-fittings, as well as the elastic energy stored in both their braids and rubber bladders. The hysteresis characteristics of PAMs are also explored by analyzing the friction in the crossovers of the interlacing braided strands, together with that between the strands and their surrounding bladders. The isobaric and isometric experiments of a commercial PAM are conducted to demonstrate the enhancement, and the model accuracy is evaluated and compared with some existing models in terms of root mean square errors (RMSEs). Additionally, the proposed model is simplified to facilitate the applications that entail high computational efficiency. Findings The proposed model agrees well with the experimental results, which indicates its viability to accurately predict the static behaviors. An overall RMSE of 5.24 N shows that the enhanced model is capable of providing higher accuracy than the existing analytical models, while keeping the modeling cost at a minimum. Originality/value The proposed model, taking account of non-cylindrical shapes, elastic energy and friction, succeeds in enhancing the static predictions of commercial PAMs. The fully analytical model may accelerate the development of novel PAM-based robots for high-precision control, while giving a deeper understanding of commercial PAMs.

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35

Noritsugu, Toshiro. "Special Issue on Pneumatics for Innovative Machine Design." International Journal of Automation Technology 5, no. 4 (July 5, 2011): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2011.p0471.

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Pneumatics has greatly progressed as convenient multifunctional automation technology. One typical application is in compact light-weight highperformance pneumatic actuators. The introduction of control theory has also enabled useful pneumatic servosystems. New actuators include pneumatic artificial rubber muscles, which are small, light-weight, and soft. These are used for applications in the medical, welfare, and nursing fields. This special issue focuses on actuator development in drive-circuit analysis and design. Issues in these areas include pneumatic actuators, pneumatic rubber muscles, pneumatic circuit analysis and design, energy-saving, pneumatic servocontrol, advanced control systems, industrial applications, automation, vehicles, entertainment, medical, welfare and nursing applications, and education. This special 13-article issue is divided into (i) control design and pneumatic cylinder and bellows applications and (ii) the development and applications of soft pneumatic actuators. Some types of soft pneumatic actuators use artificial rubber muscles for welfare and rehabilitation equipment. This special issue should prove useful in understanding state-of-the-art of pneumatic technology applicable to analysis, design, control, and application in innovative machine design. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to all of the authors and reviewers for their invaluable effort.

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36

Ferris, Daniel P., Joseph M. Czerniecki, and Blake Hannaford. "An Ankle-Foot Orthosis Powered by Artificial Pneumatic Muscles." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 21, no. 2 (May 2005): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.21.2.189.

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We developed a pneumatically powered orthosis for the human ankle joint. The orthosis consisted of a carbon fiber shell, hinge joint, and two artificial pneumatic muscles. One artificial pneumatic muscle provided plantar flexion torque and the second one provided dorsiflexion torque. Computer software adjusted air pressure in each artificial muscle independently so that artificial muscle force was proportional to rectified low-pass-filtered electromyography (EMG) amplitude (i.e., proportional myoelectric control). Tibialis anterior EMG activated the artificial dorsiflexor and soleus EMG activated the artificial plantar flexor. We collected joint kinematic and artificial muscle force data as one healthy participant walked on a treadmill with the orthosis. Peak plantar flexor torque provided by the orthosis was 70 Nm, and peak dorsiflexor torque provided by the orthosis was 38 Nm. The orthosis could be useful for basic science studies on human locomotion or possibly for gait rehabilitation after neurological injury.

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37

Piteľ, Ján, and Mária Tóthová. "Operating Characteristics of Antagonistic Actuator with Pneumatic Artificial Muscles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 616 (August 2014): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.616.101.

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Nonconventional actuators based on the pneumatic artificial muscles can be used in manipulators mainly for their lower energy consumption and higher performance at lower weight. In the paper there are compared the dynamic operating characteristics of the antagonistic actuator with the pneumatic artificial muscles obtained by simulation of the different muscle models in Matlab / Simulink environment with the real measured data on the experimental actuator. The results of these simulations and measurements confirmed highly nonlinear operating characteristics of such actuator and also right approach to the design of the actuator model using different muscle models.

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38

Zhou, Aiguo. "Model improvement and experiment validation of pneumatic artificial muscles." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (English Edition) 17, no. 01 (2004): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/cjme.2004.01.036.

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39

Shinohara, Hitomi, and Taro Nakamura. "Derivation of a mathematical model for pneumatic artificial muscles." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 39, no. 16 (2006): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20060912-3-de-2911.00048.

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40

Pathirana, Susantha Dedduwa, and Kenichi Yoshimoto. "Force/Torque Sensor Based Control of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 2, no. 1 (February 20, 1990): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1990.p0015.

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41

Noritsugu, Toshiro. "K111001 Power Assist Wear with Pneumatic Rubber Artificial Muscles." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2011 (2011): _K111001–1—_K111001–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2011._k111001-1.

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42

TAO, Guoliang. "Research Achievements and Development Trends of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 45, no. 10 (2009): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2009.10.075.

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43

Skorina, Erik H., Ming Luo, Wut Yee Oo, Weijia Tao, Fuchen Chen, Sina Youssefian, Nima Rahbar, and Cagdas D. Onal. "Reverse pneumatic artificial muscles (rPAMs): Modeling, integration, and control." PLOS ONE 13, no. 10 (October 12, 2018): e0204637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204637.

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44

Andrikopoulos, George, George Nikolakopoulos, and Stamatis Manesis. "Pneumatic artificial muscles: A switching Model Predictive Control approach." Control Engineering Practice 21, no. 12 (December 2013): 1653–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2013.09.003.

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45

Palko, Anton, and Juraj Smrček. "The use of pneumatic artificial muscles in robot construction." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 38, no. 1 (January 11, 2011): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01439911111097805.

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46

Daerden, Frank, and Dirk Lefeber. "The Concept and Design of Pleated Pneumatic Artificial Muscles." International Journal of Fluid Power 2, no. 3 (January 2001): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14399776.2001.10781119.

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47

DeLaHunt, Sylvie A., Thomas E. Pillsbury, and Norman M. Wereley. "Variable recruitment in bundles of miniature pneumatic artificial muscles." Bioinspiration & Biomimetics 11, no. 5 (September 13, 2016): 056014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/11/5/056014.

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48

GOTO, Takahiro, Keisuke NANIWA, Daisuke NAKANISHI, Yasuhiro SUGIMOTO, Yasushi YAGI, Yasushi MAKIHARA, Tomoya NAKAMURA, and Koichi OSUKA. "Characteristics verification of pneumatic artificial muscles for compressive load." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2022 (2022): 2A1—L04. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2022.2a1-l04.

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49

Sárosi, József, Ján Piteľ, Mária Tóthová, Alexander Hošovský, and István Bíró. "COMPARATIVE SURVEY OF VARIOUS STATIC AND DYNAMIC MODELS OF PNEUMATIC ARTIFICIAL MUSCLES." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 41, no. 5 (December 2017): 825–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2017-514.

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A lesser known type of pneumatic actuators is pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM) although these pneumatic actuators play an important role in industrial, medical and other applications. In this study a PAM model based on the assumption Euler’s law is developed, some static force models (geometric model-based static force model, static force model using maximum force of PAM and static force model using a polynomial function) are compared to Sárosi’s force model and two dynamic models based on Sárosi’s static force model and Hill’s muscle model are presented.

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50

Besoiu, Sorin, Vistrian Măties, and Donca Radu. "Mechatronic Design of a Planar Parallel Robot Actuated by Pneumatic Artificial Muscles." Solid State Phenomena 166-167 (September 2010): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.166-167.57.

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The pneumatic actuation is widely used in robotics. The actuators based on pneumatic artificial muscles are unconventional actuation systems which use the shortening by increase of the volume property which generate an axial force. They have a very good force/volume ratio and some advantages compared with conventional pneumatic actuation. This paper presents the mechatronic design of a PRRRP Biglide planar parallel robot actuated by four artificial muscles in antagonist configuration. The control system is based on an 8-bit microcontroller based development board and the position and force control is made by means of pressure regulation using proportional pressure regulators. It was determined the workspace of PRRRP Biglide parallel robot for different strokes of actuators using discretisation method in Matlab environment.

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