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1
BARTON, ISABEL. "MINING, ALCHEMY, AND THE CHANGING CONCEPT OF MINERALS FROM ANTIQUITY TO EARLY MODERNITY." Earth Sciences History 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-41.1.1.
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ABSTRACT This paper analyzes how the Western concept of minerals evolved over time. Greco-Roman philosophers saw minerals as a form of plant that yielded useful metals or medicines. Most of their data came from mines and focused on ore minerals, but medicinal uses were more highly regarded and were the principal intentional focus of early mineral literature. As mining waned in the early medieval period, the focus of mineral literature shifted to emphasize gemstones rather than ores and mysticism rather than metallurgy, while medicine continued to be prominent. Descriptions from firsthand observation became rare. Starting in the 9th century AD, an inorganic concept of minerals as chemicals began to arise from alchemical experiments in the Middle East. The alchemical mineral literature demonstrated that minerals differed from plants in being separable into constituent ingredients by chemical processes, focusing on ores. The sulfur-mercury model of mineral origin also reflects a strong emphasis on metal ores at the expense of other minerals. As mining rates increased again in Europe after the 10th century, this alchemical concept of minerals caught on. However, the alchemical model acquired a spiritual gloss, leading to a divide in the 16th century between a spiritualized organic model of minerals and an inorganic or mechanical alternative, both focused mainly on ores. Eventually the concept of spiritual or living minerals diverged from the mineral to the alchemical literature in the 16th century, as the mechanical model evolved into the modern chemical identification of minerals.
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Silva, Samanthi, and Stefan Schaltegger. "Social assessment and management of conflict minerals: a systematic literature review." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 10, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 157–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-02-2018-0029.
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Purpose The necessity to assess and manage supply chains to be free from social problems such as human and labour rights abuses has become particularly apparent since the introduction of conflict minerals regulations in the United States (Dodd-Frank Act) and the European Union. Similarly, stakeholders demand that products are free from social problems. Ever more companies are therefore challenged to assess and manage social issues in their supply chains. At the same time, the increasing literature on assessment and management of social issues is disperse and an overview missing. This paper aims to provide an overview of the existing literature on social assessment and management approaches relating to conflict minerals and connected to social issues in supply chains. Design/methodology/approach A review of the academic literature on social assessment and management of conflict minerals to provide an overview is currently missing. This paper addresses this gap by systematically reviewing the existing research literature on approaches for the social assessment and management of conflict minerals from a supply chain perspective. Findings The systematic literature review found 21 social assessment and 30 social management approaches with reference to conflict minerals, with the most referenced approach being the OECD guidelines. Overall, the conflict mineral related literature discusses rather general social assessment and management approaches, such as codes of conduct, while the effectiveness of the approaches is not analysed in depth. The paper finds that an analysis of the effectiveness and interlinkages of different approaches is missing. The large variety of social and human rights issues addressed in the academic literature ranges from corruption to violence, going beyond the scope of regulations focused on conflict minerals. This indicates that regulations on conflict minerals and the consequences for management are seen as a specific case with wider implications for future regulations and the necessity for management to solve social problems in supply chains in an effective way. Research limitations/implications The review paper is conceptual and develops a framework to classify social assessment and management approaches for conflict minerals, drawing on the supply chain management literature. Practical implications The overview reveals that research refers to broader social assessment and management approaches indicating wider implications for assessing and managing social issues in supply chains in general, irrespective of whether they are conflict mineral related. Research has, however, so far not addressed the effectiveness and interlinkages between social assessment and management approaches. The aim of the emerging regulations, however, is to foster more effective management of social issues in supply chains. Management is therefore challenged to develop and implement innovative approaches to effectively reduce social problems in supply chains beyond conflict minerals. Conclusions are drawn for management and research. Social implications The paper highlights the need for collaboration with NGOs, industry associations and suppliers, recommending to engage in supplier development. Originality/value The paper conducts the first systematic review of academic literature on conflict mineral related social assessment and management approaches. A framework is proposed to classify social assessment and management approaches based on supply chain management literature. While conflict minerals often represent a small fraction of components in a product, they can have huge and costly implications for companies, which require (potentially) large changes for the sourcing and supply strategy of a company. Conflict mineral regulations represent the first attempt to regulate social and human rights abuses in supply chains holding companies responsible for misconduct caused by suppliers abroad.
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Tako, Elad. "Dietary Trace Minerals." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (November 19, 2019): 2823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112823.
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Dietary trace minerals are pivotal and hold a key role in numerous metabolic processes. Trace mineral deficiencies (except for iodine, iron, and zinc) do not often develop spontaneously in adults on ordinary diets; infants are more vulnerable because their growth is rapid and intake varies. Trace mineral imbalances can result from hereditary disorders (e.g., hemochromatosis, Wilson disease), kidney dialysis, parenteral nutrition, restrictive diets prescribed for people with inborn errors of metabolism, or various popular diet plans. The Special Issue “Dietary Trace Minerals” comprised 13 peer-reviewed papers on the most recent evidence regarding the dietary intake of trace minerals, as well as their effect toward the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases. Original contributions and literature reviews further demonstrated the crucial and central part that dietary trace minerals play in human health and development. This editorial provides a brief and concise overview that addresses and summarizes the content of the Dietary Trace Minerals Special Issue.
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Smith, D. G. W., and E. H. Nickel. "Codification of unnamed minerals." Mineralogical Magazine 71, no. 5 (October 2007): 587–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2007.071.5.587.
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AbstractThe Subcommittee for Unnamed Minerals of the IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC, formerly CNMMN) has developed a codification system that includes the year of publication and qualitative chemical composition for unnamed minerals reported in the literature. Such minerals are divided into two categories: (1) those regarded as being ‘valid as unnamed minerals’ are those that do not correspond to existing species, have not been reported previously and whose published descriptions enable them to be recognized if found elsewhere. (2) Unnamed minerals regarded as being ‘invalid as unnamed minerals’ are those whose published descriptions are inadequate for their confident recognition if found elsewhere, or which correspond to existing mineral species or unnamed minerals published previously.
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Boetzkes, Amanda, and Jeff Diamanti. "Geofetishism and the Tender Violence of Rare Earths." SubStance 52, no. 3 (2023): 9–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sub.2023.a913888.
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Abstract: This article addresses the geospeculation of Kuannersuit, a mountain in southwest Greenland that holds a major deposit of rare earth minerals, including uranium. Through the concepts of “geofetishism” and “tender violence,” we consider the history of mineral speculation in Greenland, and how its colonial history bears on the now independent (Inuit) Greenlandic government, and the township of Narsaq. With a focus on the anti-uranium activist group, Urani? Naamik! , we show the challenges posed to Greenlanders in their resistance to the mobilization of their mineral resources by the Australian mining company, Greenland Minerals and Energy (now renamed Energy Transition Minerals). A highlight of this resistance, in our view, is Urani Naamik’s counter-analysis of GME’s environmental assessment report.
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Ku, Lam Ian, Liza Forbes, and Susana Brito e Abreu. "An Efficient Peptide Screening Method for Mineral-Binding Peptides." Minerals 14, no. 2 (February 17, 2024): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14020207.
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In mineral processing, arsenic-bearing minerals are particularly difficult to separate from their non-arsenic counterparts because they possess similar surface properties. Peptides are well known for their target specificity and can offer a ‘green’ alternative to traditional flotation reagents. However, the use of peptide technologies in mineral processing for developing novel flotation reagents has not been explored. Hence, this work aims to develop a screening method to identify mineral-binding peptides as potential reagent candidates. It is hypothesised that peptides can selectively adsorb onto mineral surfaces, and this method can efficiently identify mineral-binding peptides with high specificity toward the target minerals. The methodology presented involves a selection of peptide candidates from existing literature that show affinity toward arsenic species. These peptides were tested for their adsorption performance onto selected mineral surfaces to evaluate their mineral selectivity under flotation conditions. The study demonstrates that the screening method developed is effective in identifying peptides that have an affinity for target minerals, in this case, arsenic minerals. The screening method can be applied to other minerals, thus, unlocking the potential for developing new reagent chemistries for use in mineral processing.
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Sasongko, Nugroho Adi, Ulul Azmi, Sri Murtiana, and Martin Anda. "Trend of critical minerals utilization for Indonesia’s Sustainable Energy Transition: A review." E3S Web of Conferences 513 (2024): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202451304004.
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The European Union calculates supplies of essential minerals using an economic significance index, a supply risk index and an environmental risk index. The U.S. Geological Survey uses three indicators to assess critical mineral risks in the country: foreign ownership of mineral assets and activities, trade dependence, and indirect trade dependence. Indonesia has a history of strong mineral production, and new prospects in the critical minerals sector are developing rapidly. Positioned as a major producer of nickel, the main component of lithium-ion batteries used in electric cars. This supports technological innovation that can improve infrastructure and support sustainable development, which is in line with SDG 9. Indonesia is increasing its capacity to produce other important minerals, such as rare earth elements and cobalt, in addition to nickel production. This research uses the literature study method. The aim is to review the development of essential minerals towards sustainable development.
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Setyaningtyas, Stefania Widya, Dominikus Raditya Atmaka, Qonita Rachmah, Nila Reswari Haryana, Mahmud Aditya Rifqi, Rian Diana, Aliffah Nurria Nastiti, and Asri Meidyah Agustin. "The Role of Mineral and Synbiotic to Enhance Immunity During Covid-19 Pandemic : A Literature Review." Media Gizi Indonesia 18, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 226–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mgi.v18i3.226-235.
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COVID-19 has become a pandemic in the last 3 years worldwide and cases cause high mortality and morbidity. To reduce COVID-19 infection, we need to keep our immune system healthy. Several nutrients have been shown to have specific abilities to increase the power of the immune system, but their use in the treatment of COVID-19 is still being debated. This review aims to determine the role of minerals and synbiotics in increasing immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specific minerals such as zinc, selenium, iron and copper have promising potential to treat COVID-19 by reducing clinical impact, markers of inflammation, and improving immunological biomarkers. In addition to increasing mineral intake, maintaining a healthy immune system can also be done by improving the health of the gut microbiota. One of the therapies that is considered to have a positive impact on handling COVID-19 is using synbiotics (a combination of prebiotics and probiotics). However, the safety and efficacy of mineral and synbiotic supplementation in COVID-19 patients as adjunctive therapy still requires further research. Minerals and synbiotics can help boost the immune system and reduce symptoms during a COVID-19 infection.
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Agusdinata, Datu Buyung, Hallie Eakin, and Wenjuan Liu. "Critical minerals for electric vehicles: a telecoupling review." Environmental Research Letters 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 013005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac4763.
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Abstract The rapid growth of electric vehicles adoption, which plays a crucial role to reduce transportation carbon emissions, is leading to a surge in demand for critical minerals such as cobalt, nickel, lithium, and rare earths. Efforts to systematically address the emerging sustainability issues associated with critical minerals have been challenged by complex mineral supply chains, and the distal and geographically dispersed nature of social-ecological impacts from mineral extraction and processing and eventual use. In this review, we apply a bibliometric analysis of the literature in the 2010–2020 period to analyze the state of research on the issues of critical mineral extraction impacts and the global governance responses. We use the concept of telecoupling to structure our literature search and analysis across four themes: (a) critical minerals global trade and supply chain, (b) sustainability and resource policy and governance, (c) mining corporate social responsibility, and (d) information feedback and public discourse. We find a growing attention to the social-ecological implications of critical mineral extraction, but also fragmentation among thematic domains that could impede progress towards more coordinated system governance. Based on the analyses, the paper concludes with a definition of some research and engagement opportunities around the telecoupling themes.
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Kuna, Anna, and Anna Katarzyna Wrońska. "Minerals and their role in the optimal functioning of the immune system – literature review." Polish Journal of Sports Medicine 39, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.8765.
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An adequate supply of minerals in the diet is crucial for the proper functioning of the immune system. This applies to both the mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity, and in particular, the pro- and anti-inflammatory balance of the body. For most people, a balanced diet is sufficient to provide the body with adequate amounts of minerals. However, certain groups are particularly at risk of deficiencies in these nutrients. These include people who perform frequent and intense sports training when the body does not have an opportunity to regenerate properly. The aim of this paper was to discuss the role of minerals in the suitable functioning of the immune system. The following review of the latest literature focuses on the role of magnesium, zinc, iron and selenium as the components of greatest importance in immunology. The effects of a deficiency of these minerals and their impact on the maturation and function of immunocompetent cells, antibody production, cytokine production and immune pathways are discussed. The review was based on the available data collected in the PubMed database and in the Google Scholar search engine using the keywords: “the role of magnesium in the immune system”, “the role of zinc in the immune system”, “the role of iron in the immune system”, the role of selenium in the immune system”, “mineral deficiencies in athletes”, “impact of intense physical exercise on the immune system”.
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Borges, Boniek, Mariana Vale, Felipe Afonso, and Isauremi Assunção. "Can Enhanced Peroxides Decrease the Side Effects of Tooth Bleaching? A Systematic Review of the Literature." International Journal of Experimental Dental Science 3, no. 2 (2014): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10029-1077.
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ABSTRACT Adverse effects of tooth bleaching on dental structures remain a topic of discussion in the literature, and the search for protocols that reduce such reported adverse effects is ongoing. The goal of this systematic literature review was to determine whether the use of tooth bleaching gels with added minerals, such as fluoride, calcium, hydroxyapatite, potassium nitrate, amorphous calcium phosphate, and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, reduced the occurrence of the main adverse effects of tooth bleaching. The electronic database search identified 16 studies that evaluated the effects of bleaching gels with added minerals on enamel hardness and/or roughness, mineral loss, post-treatment sensitivity, morphological changes, and/or cohesive enamel strength. The findings of this review suggest that the addition of minerals to bleaching gels can contribute to the reduction of most adverse effects, mainly sensitivity, without affecting treatment efficiency. How to cite this article Borges B, Vale M, Afonso F, Assunção I. Can Enhanced Peroxides Decrease the Side Effects of Tooth Bleaching? A Systematic Review of the Literature. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2014;3(2):84-91.
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Kumar, Pradeep, Yuvraj Singh Negi, and Surendra Pal Singh. "Filler loading in the lumen or/and cell wall of fibers – A literature review." BioResources 6, no. 3 (June 2, 2011): 3526–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.3.3526-3546.
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A review of the literature reveals potential advantages that papermakers can achieve by placing minerals in the lumens or cell walls of fibers before the pulp is formed into paper. Loading of filler into the fiber lumen by mechanical deposition or within the cell wall by in-situ precipitation has been reported to generally result in a moderate reduction in light scattering coefficient and increased strength properties of laboratory handsheets, as well as in paper manufactured with pilot plant equipment, when compared to conventional addition of filler. However, there are some exceptions to this general observation, where the fiber loading is reported to decrease the tensile strength of paper. Some related effects can be achieved by either precipitating mineral onto fiber surfaces or co-flocculating mineral particles with cellulosic fines. Challenges remain with respect to the implementation of fiber-loading concepts at a commercial scale. Also, there is a need for further research aimed at establishing high-end applications in which it may be an advantage to load cellulosic fiber cell walls or lumens with minerals or other substances.
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Megawati, Ega, Sriwidodo Bardi, and Iwan Setyabudi. "Potential Combination of Bittern Water with Vitamin B Complex for Mineral Deficiency Therapy in Cattle: A Literature Study." Jurnal Medik Veteriner 4, no. 1 (April 15, 2021): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jmv.vol4.iss1.2021.137-154.
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Bittern water is a byproduct of the crystallization process from the manufacture of salt which have high concentrations of magnesium, calcium, potassium and other trace minerals Bittern water is known to treat osteoporosis, postprandial hyperlipidemia, oral infections and increase salivary secretion. The mineral content in bittern water is not only beneficial for humans but also for animal health. Cows are one of the animals that are prone to various health problems such as mineral balance and metabolism disorders in the body, especially during pregnancy and after giving birth. In addition to minerals, vitamin B complex is often used to improve the health quality of cows. However, until now, the use of bittern water and the combination with vitamin B complex for animal treatment is still very rare. The formulation of multivitamin-mineral preparations is quite complex to do so that there are several things that need to be considered in order to obtain a good and quality formula. This review article was created to gather information regarding the benefits of the mineral content contained in bittern water and vitamin B complex as a treatment to treat various health problems for cattle, as well as what important factors should be considered in multivitamin-mineral preparations. Based on literature search, it was found that the combination of bittern water and vitamin B complex has the potential to overcome health problems in cows, where the main minerals in bittern water are proven to improve magnesium status in the blood, increase calcium intake and reduce the incidence of milk fever, increase milk production and components, and improve immune status. While vitamin B complex is widely used as a supplement to increase metabolism, energy status in cows balances rumen pH, maintains microbiota balance in riumen and helps increase milk production. The combination of bittern water and vitamin B complex can synergistically improve mineral status, energy, and immune response, as well as improve disease symptoms. There are also important factors that must be considered in multivitamin-mineral dosage formulations for animals, namely bioavailability, stability, and dosage form.
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Baker, Danial E., and R. Keith Campbell. "Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus." Diabetes Educator 18, no. 5 (October 1992): 420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014572179201800510.
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Most patients with diabetes generally do not require routine vitamin and mineral supplementation, just like the rest of the population. However, based on the published medical literature, it would appear that some degree of supplementation with certain vitamins (eg, vitamins C and E) and minerals (eg, magnesium) may be worthwhile and become more commonly recommended in the future. The role of vitamins and minerals in controlling blood glucose levels in the patients with diabetes also is discussed.
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Rasool, Muhammad Hammad, and Maqsood Ahmad. "Reactivity of Basaltic Minerals for CO2 Sequestration via In Situ Mineralization: A Review." Minerals 13, no. 9 (August 31, 2023): 1154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13091154.
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The underground storage of CO2 (carbon dioxide) in basalt presents an exceptionally promising solution for the effective and permanent sequestration of CO2. This is primarily attributed to its geochemistry and the remarkable presence of reactive basaltic minerals, which play a pivotal role in facilitating the process. However, a significant knowledge gap persists in the current literature regarding comprehensive investigations on the reactivity of basaltic minerals in the context of CO2 sequestration, particularly with respect to different basalt types. To address this gap, a comprehensive investigation was conducted that considered seven distinct types of basalts identified through the use of a TAS (total alkali–silica) diagram. Through a thorough review of the existing literature, seven key factors affecting the reactivity of basaltic minerals were selected, and their impact on mineral reactivity for each basalt type was examined in detail. Based on this analysis, an M.H. reactivity scale was introduced, which establishes a relationship between the reactivity of dominant and reactive minerals in basalt and their potential for carbonation, ranging from low (1) to high (5). The study will help in choosing the most suitable type of basalt for the most promising CO2 sequestration based on the percentage of reactive minerals. Additionally, this study identified gaps in the literature pertaining to enhancing the reactivity of basalt for maximizing its CO2 sequestration potential. As a result, this study serves as an important benchmark for policymakers and researchers seeking to further explore and improve CO2 sequestration in basaltic formations.
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Safronov, P. P., and N. V. Moiseenko. "SILVER MINERALIZATION OF THE KHOROGOCHI MOTHER LODE (STANOVAYA GRANITE-GREENSTONE AREA, UPPER AMUR REGION)." Geology and mineral resources of Siberia, no. 1 (March 2022): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.20403/2078-0575-2022-1-80-91.
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The morphology and chemical composition of minerals of the Khorogochi silver ore occurrence (Upper Amur region) were studied by the analytical scanning electron microscopy. The mineral association is represented by high-grade native silver, basically silver minerals (silver sulphide, sulphoantimonites and silver sulfoarsenides), Ag-containing (fahl ore and galenite), as well as a number of associated minerals (pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, loellingite, ankerite, hydromica-smectite, etc.). Based on the revealed chemical composition of silver minerals and associated minerals, the features of their spatial relationship, as well as experimental data known from the literature on the resistance of silver-containing systems, the formation temperatures of silver mineralization, which fit into the range of 300–100 oC, and the order of crystallization of its constituent minerals were estimated – from multicomponent compositions with a low silver content (Agtennantite-tetrahedrite, proustite) to compositions with a high content of noble metal (stephanite, polybasite, pearceite, acanthite, native silver). The ore body of silver mineralization in the ore-placer cluster Khorogochi-2 is spatially dissociated from the ore sources of gold-silver mineralization.
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Benayad, Asmaa, and Youssef Aboussaleh. "Mineral Composition of Lentils: Physiological Functions, Antinutritional Effects, and Bioavailability Enhancement." Journal of Food Quality 2021 (May 24, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5515654.
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Lentil (Lens culinaris) is an important nutritious crop, grown and consumed throughout the world due to its high macro- and micronutrients contents, including minerals. Minerals have several beneficial influences on human health. Thus, lentils play a major role in food security, particularly among low-income countries. The current review aims to highlight the present knowledge on the mineral composition of lentils, compare it with the recommended dietary allowance and adequate intake of minerals, investigate the literature regarding its physiological role, give detailed information on different antinutritional factors preventing its bioavailability, and present adopted solutions to enhance the bioavailability of minerals in lentil seeds. Thereby, a literature search was conducted using reliable sources: Elsevier, Springer, PubMed, and CrossRef. Based on the previous studies, 100 g of cooked lentils, for example, may be enough to cover the recommended dietary allowance/adequate intake of iron in infants under six months and children aged one to three years. One hundred grams of cooked lentils may also cover the recommended dietary allowance/adequate intake of zinc and magnesium in infants and children aged one to three years. Hence, it is imperative that the scientists continue to show the significance of pulses as a mineral source and their effects on human health. Indeed, lentils should be exploited for a variety of purposes, mainly towards eliminating malnutrition, on the condition of being well-balanced. Lentils should be incorporated either in snacks or while preparing household, school, or hospital meals, particularly in developing countries.
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Olowoyeye, Janet Chinwe. "Requirement, Dietary Sources, and Efficiency of Absorption of Major Minerals by Farm Animals: From an Educational Perspective." Indonesian Journal of Teaching in Science 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijotis.v2i1.46139.
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The necessity of the inclusion of major minerals in the diet of farm animals cannot be overemphasized. The production of the much-needed animal protein can be severely hampered when unrecognized conditions of deficiency, oversupply, or in-balance of minerals exist and interfere with the intensification of livestock production. Here, the purpose of this study was to explain this matter based on an educational perspective. This paper is a literature survey. This paper is important to make farmers understand the requirement, dietary sources, and efficiency of absorption of major minerals by farm animals. For the best production of any livestock, the requirement for each mineral must be known. Lack of adequate minerals in the diet of farm animals is associated with late maturity, prolonged breeding period, reproductive disorders, poor growth, anemia, and a high rate of mortality.
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Bao, Y. M., and M. Choct. "Trace mineral nutrition for broiler chickens and prospects of application of organically complexed trace minerals: a review." Animal Production Science 49, no. 4 (2009): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08204.
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This review critically examines the literature on the current status of trace mineral nutrition and the effect of organically complexed trace minerals, focusing on copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn), on broiler chicken production. The requirements of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn by broiler chickens need to be redefined due to today’s fast growing birds and the availability of organic trace minerals. Zn is one of the key trace minerals for chickens and although it maintains a relatively stable tissue concentration, dietary deficiency of Zn strongly depresses the feed intake, and hence the growth, of broiler chickens. Based on studies using a semiconventional diet, it is reasonable to conclude that the total Zn requirement for broiler chickens is around 60 mg/kg up until day 14 and 70 mg/kg from 14 day onwards, including the Zn content in the basal diet. However, it is difficult to determine the requirements of other organic trace minerals such as Cu, Fe and Mn because under a Zn adequate condition, it is impossible to produce deficient symptoms of these minerals on the basis of growth response. It also identifies gaps in knowledge of inorganic and organic trace mineral nutrition for the modern broiler chicken.
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Byrne, Laurann, and Richard A. Murphy. "Relative Bioavailability of Trace Minerals in Production Animal Nutrition: A Review." Animals 12, no. 15 (August 4, 2022): 1981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12151981.
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The importance of dietary supplementation of animal feeds with trace minerals is irrefutable, with various forms of both organic and inorganic products commercially available. With advances in research techniques, and data obtained from both in-vitro and in-vivo studies in recent years, differences between inorganic and organic trace minerals have become more apparent. Furthermore, differences between specific organic mineral types can now be identified. Adhering to PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, we carried out an extensive literature search on previously published studies detailing performance responses to trace minerals, in addition to their corresponding relative bioavailability values. This review covers four of the main trace minerals included in feed: copper, iron, manganese and zinc, and encompasses the different types of organic and inorganic products commercially available. Their impact from environmental, economic, and nutritional perspectives are discussed, along with the biological availability of various mineral forms in production animals. Species-specific sections cover ruminants, poultry, and swine. Extensive relative bioavailability tables cover values for all trace mineral products commercially available, including those not previously reviewed in earlier studies, thereby providing a comprehensive industry reference guide. Additionally, we examine reasons for variance in reported relative bioavailability values, with an emphasis on accounting for data misinterpretation.
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Su, Qing Hua, Yan Zhao, Kui Yang, and Shao Chen Zhang. "Automatic Analysis of Mineral’s Abundance." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 2369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.2369.
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The mineral is the important data in the Lunar Exploration. The main objective of this work is to segmentation lunar craters with the C-V Model, and to quantify the images terrain and the abundance of lunar surface minerals based on Crater distribution law and Soil Characterization Consortium data set with Hapke model and lunar surface reflectance. Actual lunar images of mare region as an example, this method analysis result of the minerals abundance are basically same with published literature. This method can be simple rapid in-time implemented in real-time lunar exploration.
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Kasatkin, A. V., S. Yu Stepanov, M. V. Tsyganko, R. Skoda, Nestola F., J. Plasil, Makovicky E., and A. A. Agakhanov. "Mineralogy of the Vorontsovskoe gold deposit (Northern Urals). Part 1: history of study, mineral assemblages, list of minerals." МИНЕРАЛОГИЯ (MINERALOGY), no. 3 (December 2020): 3–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35597/2313-545x-2020-6-4-1.
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This work is the frst paper in a series of publications dedicated to mineralogy of the Vorontsovskoe gold deposit in the Northern Urals. The deposit is unique for both Russia and world with regard to the diversity and originality of Tl–Hg–Mn–As–Sb–S mineralization. Based on available literature and our data, we compiled an exhaustive list of 209 mineral species of the deposit, including eight new minerals found by the authors: vorontsovite, ferrovorontsovite, tsygankoite, gladkovskyite, luborzakite, pokhodyashinite, gungerite and auerbakhite. In addition, 40 and 89 minerals are found for the frst time in Russia and the deposit, respectively. Systematic studies of ores revealed nine main mineral assemblages, seven of which are confned to carbonate breccias. They contain more than 70 rare sulfdes, tellurides and sulfosalts including 30, 12 and 9 minerals, where Tl, Hg and Mn are species-defning elements, respectively. In this paper, we characterize the history of study of the deposit, its geological position and structure, ore types, mineral assemblages, and analytical methods.
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Samtiya, Mrinal, Rotimi E. Aluko, Anil Kumar Puniya, and Tejpal Dhewa. "Enhancing Micronutrients Bioavailability through Fermentation of Plant-Based Foods: A Concise Review." Fermentation 7, no. 2 (April 20, 2021): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7020063.
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Plant-based foods are rich sources of vitamins and essential micronutrients. For the proper functioning of the human body and their crucial role, trace minerals (iron, zinc, magnesium, manganese, etc.) are required in appropriate amounts. Cereals and pulses are the chief sources of these trace minerals. Despite these minerals, adequate consumption of plant foods cannot fulfill the human body’s total nutrient requirement. Plant foods also contain ample amounts of anti-nutritional factors such as phytate, tannins, phenols, oxalates, etc. These factors can compromise the bioavailability of several essential micronutrients in plant foods. However, literature reports show that fermentation and related processing methods can improve nutrient and mineral bioavailability of plant foods. In this review, studies related to fermentation methods that can be used to improve micronutrient bioavailability in plant foods are discussed.
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Maierhofer, D., I. Zögl, M. Ruschi Mendes Saade, and A. Passer. "The carbon dioxide storage potential of building materials: a systematic literature review." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2600, no. 16 (November 1, 2023): 162003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2600/16/162003.
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Abstract This study assesses the carbon dioxide storage ranges within new and innovative building materials. We conduct a Systematic Literature Review and gather data for carbon dioxide storage in building materials from 27 studies. The obtained values are classified into derived Eurostat categories ‘biomass - fast growing’, ‘biomass - slow growing’, ‘non-metallic minerals - industrial’ and ‘non-metallic minerals - natural’ and harmonized to the unit of gram carbon dioxide storage per kilogram of material (gCO2/kg). Based on the systematic review, the mean value of carbon dioxide storage for the category ‘biomass - fast growing’ results in 1758.0 gCO2/kg and for the category ‘biomass - slow growing’ in 1787.0 gCO2/kg, while the mean value for ‘non-metallic minerals - industrial’ results in 137.7 gCO2/kg and for ‘non-metallic minerals - natural’ in 574.1 gCO2/kg. The obtained statistical summaries provide a basis for future research on the path towards a net-zero carbon built environment.
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Yanikkaya, H., T. Turan, and H. A. Özer. "The Impact of Mineral Global Value Chains on Sectoral Value-Added Growth." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1269, no. 1 (November 1, 2023): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1269/1/012014.
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Abstract While there is a burgeoning body of literature investigating the economic implications of participation in GVCs on growth and other key macroeconomic indicators, there remains a paucity of studies that specifically explore how natural resources interact within the context of GVCs in both developing and developed countries. This paper seeks to address the current gap by conducting an investigation into the impact of resource-based GVC participation, specifically for the industries of fuels and minerals, on the growth of value-added. Utilizing a unique dataset that spans the period from 1990 to 2016 and contains 133 countries, we employ the fixed effects method to capture unobserved individual heterogeneity. Our empirical findings reveal that, for our full sample, mineral (fuels) backward (forward) GVC participation has a positive and significant impact on the growth of the industry. Also, forward GVC participation exerts a favorable influence on value-added growth in the fuels and minerals sectors in developed countries. Finally, participating in minerals backward participation favors the mineral value-added growth in only developing countries.
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Jordan, Brett. "Economics literature on joint production of minerals: A survey." Resources Policy 55 (March 2018): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2017.10.002.
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Sheth, Sachin S., Shardul P. Chavan, and Kiran Sudhakar Darade. "REVIEW OF LITERATURE OF RAMBAN RASA A HERBO MINERAL FORMULATION." December 2020 8, no. 12 (December 18, 2020): 5359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj2608122020.
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Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana is a branch of Ayurveda that deals with the pharmaceutical pro-cessing, preparation of compound medicines and therapeutic utility of herbal drugs, metals and minerals. Ramban Rasa is one such Kharaliya herbo-mineral formulation mentioned in various Ayurvedic texts. One formulation prepared by Sidhant of Pachan. Ramban Rasa is commonly indicated in Jwara Chikitsa (Fe-ver). Even there are references to be used in disease such as Prameha (Diabetes mellitus), Agnimandya (Indigestion), Aamvata (Rhumatism), Ajirna (Indigestion), Grahani (Irritability bowel syndrome), Rasayana (Immunity booster), Vatvyadhi (Diseases of Vata). Variation found in Dravya, Bhavana dravya, size of formulation, Dose, Anupana, and Rogadhikar of Ramban Rasa among all classics. Compilation of these will help to study in comparative manner.
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Chanturiya, Valentine A., Eugenia A. Krasavtseva, and Dmitriy V. Makarov. "Electrochemistry of Sulfides: Process and Environmental Aspects." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 8, 2022): 11285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811285.
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One of the main sources of non-ferrous and precious metals is sulfide ores. This paper presents a review of the existing literature on the electrochemical properties of some of the most common industrial sulfides, such as pentlandite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, pyrrhotite, pyrite, etc. The study results of the surface redox transformations of minerals, galvanic effect, cathodic oxygen reduction reaction on the surface of sulfides are presented. The electrochemical properties of sulfide minerals are manifested both in the industrial processes of flotation and hydrometallurgy and in the natural geological setting or during the storage of sulfide-containing mining, mineral processing, and metallurgical industry waste.
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Z.Al-Kindy, Salma M., Abdulrahman O. Abdulnour, and Maryam M. Al-Rasbi. "Determination of Sugar and Mineral Contents in some Omani Fruits." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 6, no. 1 (December 1, 2001): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol6iss1pp39-44.
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Omani fruits were analyzed for their reducing sugar, total sugar contents and some minerals. Among the minerals studied were Ca, Mg, Na, K and P. The amounts of total sugar and reducing sugar were within the range of values reported in the literature for the analysis of fruits conducted elsewhere. The amounts of the minerals differ from the reported literature values. This may be attributed to soil composition, climate and type of cultivar.
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Joussein, E., S. Petit, J. Churchman, B. Theng, D. Righi, and B. Delvaux. "Halloysite clay minerals — a review." Clay Minerals 40, no. 4 (December 2005): 383–426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0009855054040180.
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AbstractHalloysite clay minerals are ubiquitous in soils and weathered rocks where they occur in a variety of particle shapes and hydration states. Diversity also characterizes their chemical composition, cation exchange capacity and potassium selectivity. This review summarizes the extensive but scattered literature on halloysite, from its natural occurrence, through its crystal structure, chemical and morphological diversity, to its reactivity toward organic compounds, ions and salts, involving the various methods of differentiating halloysite from kaolinite. No unique test seems to be ideal to distinguish these 1:1 clay minerals, especially in soils. The occurrence of 2:1 phyllosilicate contaminants appears, so far, to provide the best explanation for the high charge and potassium selectivity of halloysite. Yet, hydration properties of the mineral probably play a major role in ion sorption. Clear trends seem to relate particle morphology and structural Fe. However, future work is required to understand the possible mechanisms linking chemical, morphological, hydration and charge properties of halloysite.
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Mathur, Ryan, Christopher Emproto, Adam C. Simon, Linda Godfrey, Charles Knaack, and Jeffery D. Vervoort. "A Chemical Separation and Measuring Technique for Titanium Isotopes for Titanium Ores and Iron-Rich Minerals." Minerals 12, no. 5 (May 20, 2022): 644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12050644.
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Ti-isotope fractionation on the most Ti-rich minerals on Earth has not been reported. Therefore, we present a chemical preparation and separation technique for Ti-rich minerals for mineralogic, petrologic, and economic geologic studies. A two-stage ion-exchange column procedure modified from the previous literature is used in the current study to separate Ti from Fe-rich samples, while α-TiO2 does not require chemical separation. Purified solutions in conjunction with solution standards were measured on two different instruments with dry plasma and medium-resolution mode providing mass-dependent results with the lowest errors. 49/47TiOL-Ti for the solution and solids analyzed here demonstrate a range of >5 far greater than the whole procedural 1 error of 0.10 for a synthetic compound and 0.07 for the mineral magnetite; thus, the procedure produces results is resolvable within the current range of measured Ti-isotope fractionation in these minerals.
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Auld, Graeme, Michele Betsill, and Stacy D. VanDeveer. "Transnational Governance for Mining and the Mineral Lifecycle." Annual Review of Environment and Resources 43, no. 1 (October 17, 2018): 425–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-102017-030223.
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This review focuses on transnational governance in the minerals and mining sector. Although several initiatives have emerged to address specific governance challenges in this sector, knowledge of these efforts is piecemeal and little is known about patterns in transnational governance development across this issue area. We address these gaps by reviewing the extant research literature and analyzing empirical examples of transnational minerals and mining governance, using the gold sector as an illustrative case. We identify the social, humanitarian, security, and environmental problems manifest along the mineral lifecycle and consider the extent to which existing transnational governance initiatives address these issues. We call for future scholarship that addresses the diversity of transnational governance practices in the minerals and mining sector and explains emergent patterns in the particular forms of governance that dominate this issue area, as well the types of problems that have (and have not) received attention.
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Rybak, O. M., O. O. Paryshev, and N. O. Grishchenko. "NEW DATA ON SEASONAL MINERALS OF MUD VOLCANOES IN AZERBAIJAN." Geology and Mineral Resources of World Ocean 16, no. 4 (2020): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/gpimo2020.04.014.
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The article discusses the morphology and material composition of seasonal minerals of mud volcanoes in Azerbaijan Mud volcanism is a complex and rather unexplored geological phenomenon. Mud volcanoes are known in Turkmenistan, Dagestan, Georgia, Sakhalin, Taman Peninsula, Crimea, Azerbaijan and many regions of the World. In the geological literature, this phenomenon has been widely reflected. The bibliography of scientific works on mud volcanism has hundreds of titles. One of the classic areas of mud volcano development is Azerbaijan. In the process of geological research in recent decades, a huge geological material has been accumulated on the mud volcanism of Azerbaijan. The described types of mud volcanoes eruptions and the material composition of the mound breccia, it was possible to discover new interesting facts of unusual mineralogical finds. Of particular interest are authigenic minerals formed directly from the water phase of mud volcanoes and are seasonal. Their formation indicates that mineral formation processes are active in these natural sites. The occurrence of seasonal minerals is controlled by several factors, including the climatic conditions of the region. Main part of such minerals crystallizes only in dry and warm weather, which makes their systematic research much more difficult. The sodium hydroxide described in the article, which is very unstable under natural conditions, is a confirmation of this. However, even for a short interval of the existence of seasonal minerals, studying the features of their composition, one can obtain important information for genetic constructions. In addition to exogenous minerals of the weathering zone, the article also describes molybdenite associated with hydrothermal processes. The study of the mineral component of both endogenous and exogenous processes makes it possible to assess their evolution, the direction of the geological development of mud volcanoes in the region.
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Cunha, Robson, Pollyana Trigueiro, María del Mar Orta Cuevas, Santiago Medina-Carrasco, Thiago M. Duarte, Luzia M. de C. Honório, Dihêgo H. L. Damacena, Maria Gardennia Fonseca, Edson C. da Silva-Filho, and Josy A. Osajima. "The Stability of Anthocyanins and Their Derivatives through Clay Minerals: Revising the Current Literature." Minerals 13, no. 2 (February 14, 2023): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13020268.
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In recent years, anthocyanins, natural dyes, have promoted great scientific and technological interest. Their intrinsic antioxidant properties and health benefits make them ideal representatives of natural dyes as replacements for synthetic dyes. However, their instability can limit their use. A promising strategy to increase the color stability of anthocyanins is their interaction with clay minerals structures. Clay minerals have characteristics favorable to the stabilization of natural dyes, such as adsorption capacity, good surface chemistry, ion exchange capacity, abundance, non-toxicity, and environmental compatibility. This review summarizes relevant works that present different clays or clay minerals as robust inorganic matrices for incorporation, improved stability, and increased resistance against the thermal- and photodegradation of anthocyanins. In addition, several authors propose different applications for the formed anthocyanin-based hybrids.
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Oliveira, Dalila Cunha, Amanda Nogueira-Pedro, Ed Wilson Santos, Araceli Hastreiter, Graziela Batista Silva, Primavera Borelli, and Ricardo Ambrósio Fock. "A review of select minerals influencing the haematopoietic process." Nutrition Research Reviews 31, no. 2 (July 9, 2018): 267–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954422418000112.
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AbstractMicronutrients are indispensable for adequate metabolism, such as biochemical function and cell production. The production of blood cells is named haematopoiesis and this process is highly consuming due to the rapid turnover of the haematopoietic system and consequent demand for nutrients. It is well established that micronutrients are relevant to blood cell production, although some of the mechanisms of how micronutrients modulate haematopoiesis remain unknown. The aim of the present review is to summarise the effect of Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Co, iodine, P, Se, Cu, Li and Zn on haematopoiesis. This review deals specifically with the physiological requirements of selected micronutrients to haematopoiesis, showing various studies related to the physiological requirements, deficiency or excess of these minerals on haematopoiesis. The literature selected includes studies in animal models and human subjects. In circumstances where these minerals have not been studied for a given condition, no information was used. All the selected minerals have an important role in haematopoiesis by influencing the quality and quantity of blood cell production. In addition, it is highly recommended that the established nutrition recommendations for these minerals be followed, because cases of excess or deficient mineral intake can affect the haematopoiesis process.
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Hasria, Masri, Suryawan Asfar, Arisona, Ali Okto, La Ode Restele, La Ode Ngkoimani, and Rika Yustika. "Characteristics of Chromite Deposits at North Kabaena District, Bombana Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia." Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology 6, no. 2 (June 8, 2021): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/jgeet.2021.6.2.6424.
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The study area is located in North Kabaena District, Bombana Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. This paper is aimed to describe characacristics of chromite deposits. This study is conducted in three stages, three stages including desk study, field work and laboratory analysis. Desk study mainly covers literature reviews. Field work includes mapping of surface geology and sampling of representative rocks types. Laboratory analysis includes the petrologic observation of handspecimen samples, petrographic analysis of the thin section and ore microscopy for polished section. The results of petrographic analysis show that olivine minerals are generally replaced by minerals orthopyroxene and has been alterated by lizardite type serpentine veins with a fractured structure. The mineral olivine is also replaced by the mineral chrysotile as a secondary mineral with a fibrous structure. Based on ore microscopy analysis show that chromite has generally experienced a lateritification process and has been replaced by magnetite, hematite and geotite minerals. Chromite has experience process of weathering and alteration from its source rock caused by tectonics that occurred in the study area. The results shows that the characteristics of chromite deposits in North Kabaena District Chromite deposits has generally encountered in peridotite rock which have a grain size of 0.3-20 cm. Furthermore, chromite deposits in the study area are also encountered in podiform deposits, distributed locally and shows podiform to tubular shape with the dimensions of 30-60cm.
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Williams, RR. "Mineral Nutrition In vitro ̵1 a Mechanistic Approach." Australian Journal of Botany 41, no. 2 (1993): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9930237.
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The supply of minerals in the medium is an essential part of plant tissue culture systems. Currently used media are largely based on empirical modifications to a few basic formulations. Optimum requirements vary widely between plant genotypes and culture systems and, as yet, it is not possible to predict the mineral requirements of untried species. A more mechanistic approach is presented which may improve this situation. Published literature and some current research aimed at a better understanding of the process of mineral nutrition in vitro are reviewed.
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Le Pape, Yann, Mustafa H. F. Alsaid, and Alain B. Giorla. "Rock-Forming Minerals Radiation-Induced Volumetric Expansion – Revisiting Literature Data." Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology 16, no. 5 (May 29, 2018): 191–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/jact.16.191.
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Ma, X., and W. J. Bruckard. "Rejection of arsenic minerals in sulfide flotation — A literature review." International Journal of Mineral Processing 93, no. 2 (October 2009): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2009.07.003.
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Hasibuan, Monalisa, Anton Suprojo Hadiyanto, and Indra Agus Lukman. "KAJIAN POTENSI GALIAN MINERAL KAOLIN DI KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR PROVINSI RIAU." Selodang Mayang: Jurnal Ilmiah Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir 10, no. 1 (April 8, 2024): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47521/selodangmayang.v10i1.349.
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Riau Province is rich in natural resources in the form of minerals, coal, oil, gas, and alternative energy sources. For natural resources to be utilized more optimally, careful planning is needed in their management. As is known, wealth in the mining and energy sectors is generally a non-renewable natural resource and therefore needs to be managed properly and correctly, so that it can provide benefits for development and prosperity to the community. The development of minerals, especially non-metallic minerals, needs to be packaged in an integrated systematic manner in the mineral resource management system as one of the basic capital to produce optimal added value to increase regional income in Indragiri Hilir Regency. This research aims to determine the potential distribution of Kaolin mineral minerals obtained from a survey conducted by the Riau Province Energy and Mineral Resources Service in Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province. This research method is based on a study of secondary data obtained from the results of a survey carried out by the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources in 2013. Literature search for journal articles that support this research and statutory regulations. The potential of kaolin minerals in Kab. Indragiri Hilir is located in Lubuk Besar Village, District. Keritang and Sencalang Village, District. Reteh. The total volume of hypothetical kaolin resources at the two locations is 1,100,000 m3.
Provinsi Riau kaya akan sumber daya alam berupa bahan galian mineral, batubara, minyak, gas dan sumber energi alternatif. Sumber daya alam agar dimanfaatkan lebih optimal, diperlukan perencanaan yang matang dalam pengelolaannya. Sebagaimana diketahui bahwa kekayaan di sektor pertambangan dan energi pada umumnya merupakan sumber daya alam yang tidak dapat diperbaharui, untuk itu perlu dikelola dengan baik dan benar, agar dapat memberikan manfaat bagi pembangunan dan kemakmuran kepada masyarakat. Pengembangan mineral, khususnya mineral non logam perlu dikemas secara sistemis terpadu dalam sistem manajemen sumber daya mineral sebagai salah satu modal dasar untuk menghasilkan nilai tambah secara optimal guna peningkatan pendapatan daerah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi sebaran galian mineral Kaolin yang diperoleh dari survey yang telah di lakukan Dinas Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Provinsi Riau di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Provinsi Riau. Metode penelitian ini berdasarkan kajian data sekunder yang diperoleh dari hasil survey yang dilaksanakan oleh Dinas Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral tahun 2013. Penelusuran literatur artikel jurnal yang mendukung penelitian ini dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Potensi mineral kaolin di Kab. Indragiri Hilir terdapat di Desa Lubuk Besar, Kec. Keritang dan Desa Sencalang, Kec. Reteh. Total volume sumberdaya hipotetik kaolin pada kedua lokasi tersebut yaitu 1.100.000 m3.
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Dal Bo, Fabrice, Frédéric Hatert, and Simon Philippo. "Supergene Uranyl Mineralization of the Rabejac Deposit, Lodève, France." Minerals 8, no. 9 (September 18, 2018): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8090414.
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The Rabejac uranium deposit that is located in the Lodève region, France, is the type locality for three uranyl minerals species (fontanite, seelite, and rabejacite). In addition, this deposit shows an extraordinary supergene uranyl mineralization characterized by the presence of many rare secondary uranyl species. In the present study, a mineralogical description as well as new chemical and crystallographic data are reported on (meta)zeunerite, (meta)nováčekite, (meta)uranospinite, heinrichite, nováčekite-I, arsenuranospathite, umohoite, calcurmolite, becquerelite, billietite, and liebigite. The chemical data indicate that the arsenate members of the autunite/meta-autunite group incorporate a significant amount of phosphorus. Moreover, the uranospinite samples usually exhibit high Mg content, thus moving toward the nováčekite end-member composition. The refined unit-cell parameters for all of the investigated mineral species are in agreement with the previous data reported in the literature. Finally, a model describing the alteration of the primary uraninite and the formation of secondary uranyl minerals is proposed in agreement with the observed mineral assemblages.
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Missen, Owen P., Michael S. Rumsey, Anthony R. Kampf, Stuart J. Mills, Malcolm E. Back, and John Spratt. "The discreditation of oboyerite and a note on the crystal structure of plumbotellurite." Mineralogical Magazine 83, no. 6 (October 4, 2019): 791–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2019.63.
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AbstractThe mineral ‘oboyerite’, first described in 1979 from the Grand Central mine, Tombstone, Cochise County, Arizona, USA, has been re-examined. The type specimen from the Natural History Museum, London and a specimen from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (traceable to S. A Williams, who first described ‘oboyerite’) were analysed in this study. The discreditation of ‘oboyerite’ as a valid mineral species has been approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (Proposal 19-D). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis and scanning electron microscopy were all employed to show that ‘oboyerite’ is formed of at least two distinct phases, including the lead–tellurium oxysalt minerals ottoite and plumbotellurite. During the course of the discreditation, plumbotellurite was confirmed to be identical to the synthetic compound α-Pb2+Te4+O3. Previously, in some mineralogical literature plumbotellurite was described as orthorhombic with no known crystal structure.
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DE SOUZA, Marcelo Kehl; ;. ;. ;., Marcos Antônio KLUNK, Soyane Juceli Siqueira XAVIER, Mohuli DAS, and Sudipta DASGUPTA. "SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS TO DETERMINATION OF GEOTHITE IN KAOLINITE." Periódico Tchê Química 17, no. 35 (July 20, 2020): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n35.2020.27_klunk_pgs_303_314.pdf.
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One of the main contaminants of kaolinite, the iron, directly impacts quality in its commercial value. The spectroscopic monitoring, measured the depth of absorption of kaolinite, is compared with the literature in order to identify possible contaminants. The occurrence of kaolinite is due to the formation of primary minerals after the partial release of cations and silicon. This clay-mineral has a simple shape, with variable crystallographic imperfections, especially in the presence of iron, which replaces aluminum in the mineral chain, causing various structural disorganizations. The extraction of industrial minerals combined with geological studies, allows the development of new sources of energy, such as clay minerals, in particular kaolinite. Depending on the origin of the kaolinites, the presence of iron oxides in its structure, Fe2O3 and FeO(OH), are common. By comparing the results of spectroscopy (X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, RAMAN) and imaging using SEM-EDS, it was possible to identify kaolinite, with a higher determination coefficient, when the proportion of kaolinite reaches 60% or more in the mix. Kaolinite can be identified and quantified with a high correlation in the mixture from the sample absorption. Thus, the method has great potential to assist in quantifying and, consequently, in discriminating the quality of kaolinite.
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Saldaña, Manuel, Edelmira Gálvez, Pedro Robles, Jonathan Castillo, and Norman Toro. "Copper Mineral Leaching Mathematical Models—A Review." Materials 15, no. 5 (February 25, 2022): 1757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051757.
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Mineral leaching is the key unit operation in metallurgical processes and corresponds to the dissolution of metals. The study of leaching is carried out in many areas, such as geology, agriculture and metallurgy. This paper provides an introduction to the theoretical background regarding the mathematical modelling of the leaching process of copper minerals, establishing an overall picture of the scientific literature on technological developments and the generation of representative mathematical and theoretical models, and indicating the challenges and potential contributions of comprehensive models representing the dynamics of copper mineral leaching.
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Koukouzas, N., H. Ziock, F. Ziogou, and I. Typou. "MINERAL CARBONATION AS A POTENTIAL CARBON DIOXIDE STORAGE OPTION FOR THE REGION OF WESTERN MACEDONIA, GREECE." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 40, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 872. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16735.
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The long-term storage of the greenhouse gas C02 generated by fossil fuel-fired power plants in the form of stable mineral carbonates appears to be a promising option for reducing global CO2 emissions. In the case of mineral carbonation captured gaseous CO2 is chemically stored in an exothermic reaction by the carbonation of magnesium or calcium silicate minerals, forming environmentally benign and thermodynamically stable products. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the carbon dioxide storage by mineral carbonation and to examine the feasibility of this sequestration option in the region of Western Macedonia. The main candidate minerals for carbonation and their sequestration capacity are presented. Furthermore, the most promising mineral carbonation process routes as well as the thermodynamics and kinetics of carbonation reaction are addressed, based on a review on the published literature. In Greece abundant magnesium-rich ultramafic rocks exist that probably could support the national CO2 emissions abatement policy. The attractiveness stems from the favourable geographical relationship between large stationary CO2 emission sources and potential magnesium silicate deposits. Thus, a roughly description of the olivine deposits and their quality in the region of Western Macedonia will be provided
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Raj K, Manju, and Sanila V.K. "Literature Review on the Herbo Mineral Preparation Kravyada Rasa." International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga 06, no. 05 (2023): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47223/irjay.2023.6512.
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Science of Ayurveda was introduced with the Branch of Rasasastra from 3 rd century onwards. Rasasastra is a pharmaceutical branch of Indian Systems of medicine which mainly deals with Metals, Minerals, Animal origin products, Toxic herbs and their use in therapeutics. These rasa dravyas are found to have instant effectiveness, minimal dose and extensive therapeutic utility irrespective of constitutional variation. After the development of Rasasastra, inclusion of many herbo mineral preparations can be noticed in the Ayurveda books. Kravyada rasa is one such formulation seen in latest books of Ayuveda with a unique blend of herbal and mineral drugs which is fortified by subjecting to bhaavana (levigation.) in different media. Kravyada rasa is indicated in context of Agni mandhya or Mandaagni or Ajeerna adhikara. The formulation includes Parada, Gandhaka,Loha bhasma, Tamra bhasma,Tankana, Vida lavana and Maricha subjected to levigation. in Jambira juice ,Panchakola kwatha,Amlavetasa and Chanakamla. Formulation is also unique in its preparation as Kajjali along with Tamra bhasma and Loha bhasma is made into Parpati (thin flake like) and then subjected to repeated levigation. after adding remaining ingredients. In this study an attempt is made to gather information on Kravyada rasa from various classics with insight into ingredients, dosage and mode of action, thereby enabling further studies on Kravyada rasa; a less exploited herbomineral formulation.
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Waterland, Nicole L., Youyoun Moon, Janet C. Tou, Moo Jung Kim, Eugenia M. Pena-Yewtukhiw, and Suejin Park. "Mineral Content Differs among Microgreen, Baby Leaf, and Adult Stages in Three Cultivars of Kale." HortScience 52, no. 4 (April 2017): 566–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci11499-16.
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Kale (Brassica oleracea L. and other species) is considered a rich source of important minerals. Kale at the early stage of leaf development is assumed to contain higher levels of minerals than at maturity. However, literature supporting this assumption is scarce. In this study, the concentrations of macronutrients [potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and phosphorus (P)] and micronutrients [sodium (Na), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu)] either essential to plant growth and development, or important to human health, were determined. Three kale cultivars (green leaf ‘Dwarf Blue Curled’ and red leaf ‘Scarlet’ in B. oleracea, and green leaf with purple midvein ‘Red Russian’ in Brassica napus) were evaluated at five different leaf developmental stages; cotyledon [microgreen 1 (MG1)], two true leaf [microgreen 2 (MG2)], four true leaf [baby leaf 1 (BL1)], six true leaf [baby leaf 2 (BL2)], and adult. As kale matured, total mineral (ash) decreased from 14.6–19.1% at the microgreen stages to 3.9–6.4% at the adult stage, on a dry weight (DW) basis. Microgreen kale contained higher concentrations of most minerals than adult kale, on a DW basis, in all cultivars. On a fresh weight (FW) (as consumed) basis, the highest level of total mineral concentration was detected at baby leaf stage 1 (1.3–1.7%) and there was no difference between microgreen and adult stages. Fresh microgreens generally contained lower K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn than fresh baby leaves, and lower concentrations of Ca and Mg and higher Na compared with fresh adult kale. Overall, water content deceased from 95.1% at MG1 stage to 80.0% at adult stage. The variation in water content and mineral accumulation during leaf development might contribute to the discrepancy. In addition, fresh leaves of ‘Scarlet’ contained higher concentration of total minerals than that of ‘Dwarf Blue Curled’ or ‘Red Russian’. Although ‘Dwarf Blue Curled’ and ‘Red Russian’ are different species, their mineral content profile during leaf development was similar. Together, cultivar and leaf developmental stage influenced mineral content in kale.
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Shibaeva, Darya N., Alena A. Kompanchenko, Victor V. Bulatov, and Danil A. Asanovich. "Express Assessment of Apatite Content in Apatite–Nepheline Ores of Ultrabasic Alkaline Complexes Based on Its Luminescent Properties (The First Study Stage)." Minerals 13, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13010037.
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The article presents the results of the first study stage aimed at analyzing the luminescent properties of the main and minor minerals composing the apatite–nepheline ores and host rocks in the deposits of the Khibiny rock massif (Kola Peninsula, Russia). The main purpose of the work was a search of a stable identification feature providing fast and safe determination of fluorapatite in the mineral mixture of apatite–nepheline ores and solving technological tasks, namely sampling the borehole walls in open pits. The first stage includes studies carried out on pure mono-fractions of four minerals occurring in fluorapatite deposits and possessing obvious luminescent properties: fluorapatite, nepheline, calcite, and sodalite. The authors have revealed luminescence spectra of these minerals and established correlation of their spectral characteristics with the literature data and their consistency. However, the high intensity of sodalite luminescence in a wide band can complicate identification of fluorapatite by the luminescence spectrum in many cases. Therefore, it is reasonable to use the color and intensity of luminescence rather than spectral characteristics.
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Tsolaki, Elena, and Sergio Bertazzo. "Pathological Mineralization: The Potential of Mineralomics." Materials 12, no. 19 (September 25, 2019): 3126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12193126.
Full textAbstract:
Pathological mineralization has been reported countless times in the literature and is a well-known phenomenon in the medical field for its connections to a wide range of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. The minerals involved in calcification, however, have not been directly studied as extensively as the organic components of each of the pathologies. These have been studied in isolation and, for most of them, physicochemical properties are hitherto not fully known. In a parallel development, materials science methods such as electron microscopy, spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and others have been used in biology mainly for the study of hard tissues and biomaterials and have only recently been incorporated in the study of other biological systems. This review connects a range of soft tissue diseases, including breast cancer, age-related macular degeneration, aortic valve stenosis, kidney stone diseases, and Fahr’s syndrome, all of which have been associated with mineralization processes. Furthermore, it describes how physicochemical material characterization methods have been used to provide new information on such pathologies. Here, we focus on diseases that are associated with calcium-composed minerals to discuss how understanding the properties of these minerals can provide new insights on their origins, considering that different conditions and biological features are required for each type of mineral to be formed. We show that mineralomics, or the study of the properties and roles of minerals, can provide information which will help to improve prevention methods against pathological mineral build-up, which in the cases of most of the diseases mentioned in this review, will ultimately lead to new prevention or treatment methods for the diseases. Importantly, this review aims to highlight that chemical composition alone cannot fully support conclusions drawn on the nature of these minerals.
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Воронов, Г. Г. "Chelated Forms of Minerals – a Step into the Future…" Рецепт, no. 1 (March 17, 2020): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2020.23.1.014.
Full textAbstract:
В статье представлена обзорная информация из литературных источников, посвященная актуальной проблеме обеспечения человеческого организма минеральными веществами, или минералами, особенно с точки зрения возможностей экзогенной коррекции их дефицитных состояний с помощью пищевых продуктов и биологически активных добавок. Особое внимание уделено вопросам усвояемости минералов, что во многом определяется физико-химическими особенностями минералов и их способностями образовывать комплексы с неорганическими и органическими лигандами. Уделено внимание вопросам хелатирования минералов с аминокислотами, что позволяет повысить их системную биодоступность в процессе всасывания в желудочно-кишечном тракте и снизить процент нежелательных реакций при их применении в качестве пищевых добавок. Отдельно рассмотрены биологическое значение для организма одного из органических лигандов, в частности глицина, его биотехнологическая роль в процессах получения хелатных форм минералов. The article provides overview information from literature devoted to the urgent problem of providing the human body with mineral substances or minerals, especially from the point of view of the possibilities of exogenous correction of their deficiency states using food products and biologically active additives. Particular attention is paid to the digestibility of minerals, which is largely determined by the physicochemical characteristics of minerals and their ability to form complexes with inorganic and organic ligands. Attention is paid to the chelation of minerals with amino acids, which makes it possible to increase their systemic bioavailability during absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and reducethepercentageofundesirablereactionswhenusedasfoodadditives.Thebiologicalsignificance for the organism of one of the organic ligands, in particular glycine, and its biotechnological role in the processes of obtaining chelated forms of minerals are considered separately.