Journal articles: 'Mineral bioweathering'

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Mapelli, Francesca, Ramona Marasco, Annalisa Balloi, Eleonora Rolli, Francesca Cappitelli, Daniele Daffonchio, and Sara Borin. "Mineral–microbe interactions: Biotechnological potential of bioweathering." Journal of Biotechnology 157, no. 4 (February 2012): 473–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.11.013.

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Burford, E. P., M. Fomina, and G. M. Gadd. "Fungal involvement in bioweathering and biotransformation of rocks and minerals." Mineralogical Magazine 67, no. 6 (December 2003): 1127–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0026461036760154.

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AbstractIn the Earth’s lithosphere, fungi are of fundamental importance as decomposer organisms, animal and plant pathogens and symbionts (e.g. lichens and mycorrhizas), being ubiquitous in sub-aerial and subsoil environments. The ability of fungi to interact with minerals, metals, metalloids and organic compounds through biomechanical and biochemical processes, makes them ideally suited as biological weathering agents of rock and building stone. They also play a fundamental role in biogeochemical cycling of nutrients, (e.g. C, N, P and S) and metals (e.g. Na, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Co and Ni) essential for the growth of living organisms in the biosphere. In addition they play an integral role in the mobilization and immobilization of non-essential metals (e.g. Cs, Al, Cd, Hg and Pb). Most studies on mineral-microbe interactions and microbial involvement in geological processes have concentrated on bacteria and archaea (Prokaryota): fungi (Eukaryota) have, to a certain extent, been neglected. This article addresses the role of fungi in geomicrobiological processes, emphasizing their deteriorative potential on rock, building stone and mineral surfaces and involvement in the formation of secondary mycogenic minerals. Such roles of fungi are also of importance for the global carbon reservoir and have potential biotechnological applications, e.g. in the bioremediation of xenobiotic-, metal- and/or radionuclide-contaminated soils and wastes, and metal/radionuclide recovery.

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Wei, Zhan, Martin Kierans, and Geoffrey M. Gadd. "A Model Sheet Mineral System to Study Fungal Bioweathering of Mica." Geomicrobiology Journal 29, no. 4 (May 2012): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2011.558567.

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SANZ-MONTERO, M. ESTHER, and J. PABLO RODRÍGUEZ-ARANDA. "Silicate bioweathering and biomineralization in lacustrine microbialites: ancient analogues from the Miocene Duero Basin, Spain." Geological Magazine 146, no. 4 (February 3, 2009): 527–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756808005906.

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AbstractThe Miocene dolomite-chert microbialites studied here offer a complete record of the geochemical cycles of silicate weathering and the subsequent formation of secondary products. The microbialites were formed in lacustrine systems during the Miocene of the Duero Basin, central Spain. Mineralogical, chemical and petrographic results provide evidence of the mediation of microbes in early weathering and by-product formation processes. Irrespective of the composition, the surfaces of the grains were subject to microbial attachment and concomitant weathering. Palaeo-weathering textures range from surface etching and pitting to extensive physical disaggregation of the minerals. Extreme silicate weathering led to the complete destruction of the silicate grains, whose prior existence is inferred from pseudomorphs exhibiting colonial textures like those recognized in the embedding matrix. Detailed petrographic and microanalytical examinations of the weathering effects in K-feldspars show that various secondary products with diverse crystallinity and chemical composition can coexist in the interior of a mineral. The coexistence of by-products is indicative of different microenvironmental conditions, likely created by microbial reactions. Thus, the presence of varied secondary products can be used as a criterion of biogenicity. Intensive alteration of P-bearing feldspars suggests that mineral weathering may have been driven by the nutrient requirements of the microbial consortium involved in the precipitation of dolomite. The rock record provides useful information on mineral weathering mediated by microbes.

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David, Sébastien R., and Valérie A. Geoffroy. "A Review of Asbestos Bioweathering by Siderophore-Producing Pseudomonas: A Potential Strategy of Bioremediation." Microorganisms 8, no. 12 (November 26, 2020): 1870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121870.

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Asbestos, silicate minerals present in soil and used for building constructions for many years, are highly toxic due primarily to the presence of high concentrations of the transition metal iron. Microbial weathering of asbestos occurs through various alteration mechanisms. Siderophores, complex agents specialized in metal chelation, are common mechanisms described in mineral alteration. Solubilized metals from the fiber can serve as micronutrients for telluric microorganisms. The review focuses on the bioweathering of asbestos fibers, found in soil or manufactured by humans with gypsum (asbestos flocking) or cement, by siderophore-producing Pseudomonas. A better understanding of the interactions between asbestos and bacteria will give a perspective of a detoxification process inhibiting asbestos toxicity.

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Kolo, Kamal, and Alain Préat. "In Vitro Experimental Observations on Fungal Colonization, Metalophagus Behavior, Tunneling, Bioleaching and Bioweathering of Multiple Mineral Substrates." Minerals 13, no. 12 (December 12, 2023): 1540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13121540.

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This study reports on experimental observations during fungi–mineral substrate interactions. Selected mineral substrates of biotite, muscovite, bauxite, chromite, galena, malachite, manganite, and plagioclase were exposed in vitro to free fungal growth under open conditions. The interaction produced strong biochemical and biomechanical alterations to the mineral substrates. Specifically, reported here is a three-dimensional thigmotropic colonization pattern of the mineral surfaces that suggested a possible pattern of fungal metalophagus behavior. Authigenic secondary mineral biomineralization occurred: Ca- and Mg-Oxalates such as weddellite: CaC2O4·2H2O, whewellite: CaC2O4·H2O, and glushinskite: MgC2O4·2H2O; struvite: (NH4) MgPO4·6H2O; gibbsite: Al(OH)3; and gypsum: CaSO4·2H2O. The bioleached elements included Fe, Pb, S, Cu, and Al, which formed single crystals or aggregates, amorphous layers, amorphous aggregates, and linear forms influenced by the fungal filaments. The fungi bioleached Fe and Al from bauxite and Mn from manganite and deposited the metals as separate mineral species. Gypsum was deposited during the interaction with the manganite substrate, indicating a source of Ca and S either within manganite impurities or within the fungal growth environment. Other biochemical and biomechanical features such as tunneling, strong pitting, exfoliation, dissolution, perforations, and fragmentation of the mineral surfaces were also produced. The results of this study, besides emphasizing the role of fungi in bioweathering and mineral alteration, also show that, to produce these alterations, fungi employ a 3D fungal colonization pattern of mineral surfaces guided by thigmotropic and possible metalophagus behavior.

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Gadd, Geoffrey Michael. "Metals, minerals and microbes: geomicrobiology and bioremediation." Microbiology 156, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 609–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.037143-0.

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Microbes play key geoactive roles in the biosphere, particularly in the areas of element biotransformations and biogeochemical cycling, metal and mineral transformations, decomposition, bioweathering, and soil and sediment formation. All kinds of microbes, including prokaryotes and eukaryotes and their symbiotic associations with each other and ‘higher organisms’, can contribute actively to geological phenomena, and central to many such geomicrobial processes are transformations of metals and minerals. Microbes have a variety of properties that can effect changes in metal speciation, toxicity and mobility, as well as mineral formation or mineral dissolution or deterioration. Such mechanisms are important components of natural biogeochemical cycles for metals as well as associated elements in biomass, soil, rocks and minerals, e.g. sulfur and phosphorus, and metalloids, actinides and metal radionuclides. Apart from being important in natural biosphere processes, metal and mineral transformations can have beneficial or detrimental consequences in a human context. Bioremediation is the application of biological systems to the clean-up of organic and inorganic pollution, with bacteria and fungi being the most important organisms for reclamation, immobilization or detoxification of metallic and radionuclide pollutants. Some biominerals or metallic elements deposited by microbes have catalytic and other properties in nanoparticle, crystalline or colloidal forms, and these are relevant to the development of novel biomaterials for technological and antimicrobial purposes. On the negative side, metal and mineral transformations by microbes may result in spoilage and destruction of natural and synthetic materials, rock and mineral-based building materials (e.g. concrete), acid mine drainage and associated metal pollution, biocorrosion of metals, alloys and related substances, and adverse effects on radionuclide speciation, mobility and containment, all with immense social and economic consequences. The ubiquity and importance of microbes in biosphere processes make geomicrobiology one of the most important concepts within microbiology, and one requiring an interdisciplinary approach to define environmental and applied significance and underpin exploitation in biotechnology.

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Ceci, Andrea, Martin Kierans, Stephen Hillier, Anna Maria Persiani, and Geoffrey Michael Gadd. "Fungal Bioweathering of Mimetite and a General Geomycological Model for Lead Apatite Mineral Biotransformations." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 15 (May 15, 2015): 4955–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00726-15.

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ABSTRACTFungi play important roles in biogeochemical processes such as organic matter decomposition, bioweathering of minerals and rocks, and metal transformations and therefore influence elemental cycles for essential and potentially toxic elements, e.g., P, S, Pb, and As. Arsenic is a potentially toxic metalloid for most organisms and naturally occurs in trace quantities in soil, rocks, water, air, and living organisms. Among more than 300 arsenic minerals occurring in nature, mimetite [Pb5(AsO4)3Cl] is the most stable lead arsenate and holds considerable promise in metal stabilization forin situandex situsequestration and remediation through precipitation, as do other insoluble lead apatites, such as pyromorphite [Pb5(PO4)3Cl] and vanadinite [Pb5(VO4)3Cl]. Despite the insolubility of mimetite, the organic acid-producing soil fungusAspergillus nigerwas able to solubilize mimetite with simultaneous precipitation of lead oxalate as a new mycogenic biomineral. Since fungal biotransformation of both pyromorphite and vanadinite has been previously documented, a new biogeochemical model for the biogenic transformation of lead apatites (mimetite, pyromorphite, and vanadinite) by fungi is hypothesized in this study by application of geochemical modeling together with experimental data. The models closely agreed with experimental data and provided accurate simulation of As and Pb complexation and biomineral formation dependent on, e.g., pH, cation-anion composition, and concentration. A general pattern for fungal biotransformation of lead apatite minerals is proposed, proving new understanding of ecological implications of the biogeochemical cycling of component elements as well as industrial applications in metal stabilization, bioremediation, and biorecovery.

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Parnell, John, Temitope O. Akinsanpe, John W. Still, Andrea Schito, Stephen A. Bowden, David K. Muirhead, and Joseph G. T. Armstrong. "Low-Temperature Fluorocarbonate Mineralization in Lower Devonian Rhynie Chert, UK." Minerals 13, no. 5 (April 25, 2023): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13050595.

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Rare earth element (REE) fluorocarbonate mineralization occurs in lacustrine shales in the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert, Aberdeenshire, UK, preserved by hot spring silicification. Mineralization follows a combination of first-cycle erosion of granite to yield detrital monazite grains, bioweathering of the monazite to liberate REEs, and interaction with fluorine-rich hot spring fluids in an alkaline sedimentary environment. The mineral composition of most of the fluorocarbonates is referable to synchysite. Mineralization occurs at the surface, and the host shales subsequently experience maximum temperatures of about 110 ℃. Most fluorocarbonate mineralization originates at much higher temperatures, but the Rhynie occurrence emphasizes that low-temperature deposits are possible when both fluorine and REEs are available from granite into the sedimentary environment.

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Adamo, P., A. Marchetiello, and P. Violante. "The Weathering of Mafic Rocks by Lichens." Lichenologist 25, no. 3 (July 1993): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1993.1033.

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AbstractThe weathering phenomena resulting from the growth of six foliose and crustose lichens (Parmelia subrudecta, Xanthoria ectaneoides, Parmelia conspersa, Aspicilia radiosa, Caloplaca sp. and Ochrolechia parella) on three mafic rocks have been studied. The bioweathering results in more or less extensive fragmentation and corrosion of the mineral surfaces immediately beneath the lichen thalli and in the formation, in the thallus or at the rock-lichen interface, of secondary products. The significant amounts of whewellite found in all interfaces, and the bipiramids of weddellite detected at the serpentine rock-Ochrolechia parella interface, suggest that the oxalic acid secreted by the mycobiont is the chemical substance principally involved. The capacity of the lichens to alter their rock substrata does not appear to be related to their thallus morphology.

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Kolo, K., and Ph Claeys. "In vitro formation of Ca-oxalates and the mineral glushinskite by fungal interaction with carbonate substrates and seawater." Biogeosciences 2, no. 3 (October 26, 2005): 277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-2-277-2005.

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Abstract. This study investigates the in vitro formation of Ca-oxalates and glushinskite through fungal interaction with carbonate substrates and seawater as a process of biologically induced metal recycling and neo-mineral formation. The study also emphasizes the role of the substrates as metal donors. In the first experiment, thin sections prepared from dolomitic rock samples of Terwagne Formation (Carboniferous, Viséan, northern France) served as substrates. The thin sections placed in Petri dishes were exposed to fungi grown from naturally existing airborne spores. In the second experiment, fungal growth and mineral formation was monitored using only standard seawater (SSW) as a substrate. Fungal growth media consisted of a high protein/carbohydrates and sugar diet with demineralized water for irrigation. Fungal growth process reached completion under uncontrolled laboratory conditions. The newly formed minerals and textural changes caused by fungal attack on the carbonate substrates were investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The fungal interaction and attack on the dolomitic and seawater substrates resulted in the formation of Ca-oxalates (weddellite CaC2O4·2(H2O), whewellite (CaC2O4·(H2O)) and glushinskite MgC2O4·2(H2O) associated with the destruction of the original hard substrates and their replacement by the new minerals. Both of Ca and Mg were mobilized from the experimental substrates by fungi. This metal mobilization involved a recycling of substrate metals into newly formed minerals. The biochemical and diagenetic results of the interaction strongly marked the attacked substrates with a biological fingerprint. Such fingerprints are biomarkers of primitive life. The formation of glushinskite is of specific importance that is related, besides its importance as a biomineral bearing a recycled Mg, to the possibility of its transformation through diagenetic pathway into an Mg carbonate. This work is the first report on the in vitro formation of the mineral glushinskite through fungal interaction with carbonate and seawater substrates. Besides recording the detailed Raman signature of various crystal habits of Mg- and Ca-oxalates, the Raman spectroscopy proved two new crystal habits for glushinskite. The results of this work document the role of microorganisms as metal recyclers in biomineralization, neo-mineral formation, sediment diagenesis, bioweathering and in the production of mineral and diagenetic biomarkers. They also reveal the capacity of living fungi to interact with liquid substrates and precipitate new minerals.

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Pawlowska, Agnieszka, and Zygmunt Sadowski. "Effect of Schwertmannite Surface Modification by Surfactants on Adhesion of Acidophilic Bacteria." Microorganisms 8, no. 11 (November 4, 2020): 1725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111725.

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Bacterial cell adhesion onto mineral surfaces is important in a broad spectrum of processes, including bioweathering, bioleaching, and bacterial cell transport in the soil. Despite many research efforts, a detailed explanation is still lacking. This work investigates the role of surface-active compounds, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and pure rhamnolipid (RH), in the process of bacteria attachment on the schwertmannite surface. The surface energy was calculated based on the wettability of the tested systems, and for bacteria it was 54.8 mJ/m2, schwertmannite-SDS 54.4 mJ/m2, schwertmannite-CTAB 55.4 mJ/m2, and schwertmannite-RH 39.7 mJ/m2. The total energy of adhesion estimated based on thermodynamic data was found to be negative, suggesting favorable conditions for adhesion for all examined suspensions. However, including electrostatic interactions allowed for a more precise description of bacterial adhesion under the tested conditions. The theoretical analysis using the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) approach showed a negative value of total adsorption energy only in bacteria-mineral suspensions, where SDS and rhamnolipid were added. The calculated data were in good agreement with experimental results indicating the significance of electrostatic forces in adsorption.

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Abdulla, Hesham. "Bioweathering and Biotransformation of Granitic Rock Minerals by Actinomycetes." Microbial Ecology 58, no. 4 (July 10, 2009): 753–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-009-9549-1.

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Gadd, Geoffrey M. "Geomycology: biogeochemical transformations of rocks, minerals, metals and radionuclides by fungi, bioweathering and bioremediation." Mycological Research 111, no. 1 (January 2007): 3–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2006.12.001.

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Potysz, Anna, and Wojciech Bartz. "Bioweathering of minerals and dissolution assessment by experimental simulations—Implications for sandstone rocks: A review." Construction and Building Materials 316 (January 2022): 125862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125862.

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Camprubí, Antoni, Edith Fuentes-Guzmán, Pilar Ortega-Larrocea, María Colín-García, Janet Gabites, Luis F. Auqué, Vanessa Colás, and Eduardo González-Partida. "The Pliocene Ixtacamaxtitlán low sulfidation epithermal deposit (Puebla, Mexico): A case of fossil fungi consortia in a steam-heated environment." Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 72, no. 3 (November 28, 2020): A140420. http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/bsgm2020v72n3a140420.

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The Ixtacamaxtitlán area in northern Puebla (central Mexico) contains middle Miocene Cu-Mo-Au porphyry/skarn and Pliocene low-sulfidation Au-Ag epithermal deposits that are geologically associated with the evolution of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). In this paper, a new 40Ar/39Ar age (2.87 ± 0.41 Ma) is provided for rhombohedral alunite from a kaolinite + alunite ± opal ± cristobalite ± smectite advanced argillic alteration assemblage. This age contributes to the definition of a metallogenic province that is confined to the TMVB, a relevant feature for regional exploration. A ~12 My gap is established between the formation of the Cu-Mo-Au porphyry/skarn and low-sulfidation Au-Ag epithermal deposits, which rules out the possibility that their overlapping was the result of telescoping. Advanced argillic alteration is conspicuous throughout the mineralized area. This alteration assemblage consists of a widespread kaolinite-rich blanket that underlies silica sinters, polymictic hydrothermal breccias, and an alunite-rich spongy layer that consists of vertical tubular structures that are interpreted as the result of gas venting in a subaerial environment. The above indicate a shallow hypogene origin for the advanced argillic alteration assemblage—that is, formation by the partial condensation within a phreatic paleoaquifer of acidic vapors that were boiled-off along fractures that host epithermal veins at depth. The formation of the spongy alunite layer and silica sinters is interpreted to have been synchronous. Within the alunite-rich spongy layer, tubular structures hosted microbial consortia dominated by fungi and possible prokaryote (Bacteria or Archaea) biofilms. Such consortia were developed on previously formed alunite and kaolinite and were preserved due to their replacement by opal, kaolinite, or alunite. This means that the proliferation of fungi and prokaryotes occurred during a lull in acidic gas venting during which other organisms (i.e., algae) might have also prospered. Periodic acidic gas venting is compatible with a multi-stage hydrothermal system with several boiling episodes, a feature typical of active geothermal systems and of low-sulfidation epithermal deposits. The microstructures, typical for fungi, are mycelia, hyphae with septa, anastomoses between branches, and cord-like groupings of hyphae. Possible evidence for skeletal remains of prokaryote biofilms is constituted by cobweb-like microstructures composed of <1 µm thick interwoven filaments in close association with hyphae (about 2.5 µm thick). Bioweathering of previously precipitated minerals is shown by penetrative biobrecciation due to extensive dissolution of kaolinite by mycelia and by dissolution grooves from hyphae on alunite surfaces. Such bioweathering was possibly predated by inorganically driven partial dissolution of alunite, which suggests a lull in acidic gas venting that allowed living organisms to thrive. This interpretation is sustained by the occurrence of geometrical dissolution pits in alunite covered by hyphae. Fungal bioweathering is particularly aggressive on kaolinite due to its relatively poor nutrient potential. Such delicate microstructures are not commonly preserved in the geological record. In addition, numerous chalcopyrite microcrystals or microaggregates are found within the alunite layer, which could be related to sulfate reduction due to bacterial activity from the sulfate previously released by fungal bioweathering of alunite. Hydrogeochemical modeling constrains pH to between ~3.2 and ~3.6 and temperature to between 53 and 75 °C during the stage in which fungi and other organisms thrived. These waters were cooler and more alkaline than in earlier and later stages, which were characterized dominantly by steam-heated waters. The most likely process to account for this interlude would be mixing with meteoric water or with upwelling mature water that did not undergo boiling.

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Włodarczyk, Agnieszka, Agata Szymańska, Aleksandra Skłodowska, and Renata Matlakowska. "Determination of factors responsible for the bioweathering of copper minerals from organic-rich copper-bearing Kupferschiefer black shale." Chemosphere 148 (April 2016): 416–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.062.

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Flemming, H. C., and J. Wingender. "Relevance of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) - Part II: Technical aspects." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 6 (March 1, 2001): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0328.

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Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) are involved in both detrimental and beneficial consequences of microbial aggregates such as biofilms, flocs and biological sludges. In biofouling, they are responsible for the increase of friction resistance, change of surface properties such as hydrophobicity, roughness, colour, etc. In biocorrosion of metals they are involved by their ability to bind metal ions. In bioweathering, they contribute by their complexing properties to the dissolution of minerals. The EPSs represent a sorption site for pollutants such as heavy metal ions and organic molecules. This can lead to a burden in wastewater sludge; on the other hand, the sorption properties can be used for water purification. Other biotechnological uses of EPS exploit their contribution to viscosity, e.g., in food, paints and oil-drilling ‘muds’; their hydrating properties are also used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, EPSs may have potential uses as biosurfactants, e.g., in tertiary oilproduction, and as biological glue. EPSs are an interesting component of all biofilm systems and still hold a large biotechnological potential.

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Matlakowska, Renata, Aleksandra Skłodowska, and Krzysztof Nejbert. "Bioweathering of Kupferschiefer black shale (Fore-Sudetic Monocline, SW Poland) by indigenous bacteria: implication for dissolution and precipitation of minerals in deep underground mine." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 81, no. 1 (February 28, 2012): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01326.x.

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Souza-Egipsy, Virginia, Jacek Wierzchos, Jose Vicente García-Ramos, and Carmen Ascaso. "Chemical and Ultrastructural Features of the Lichen-volcanic/Sedimentary Rock Interface in a Semiarid Region (Almería, Spain)." Lichenologist 34, no. 2 (March 2002): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.2001.0371.

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AbstractThe chemical and ultrastructural features of the interface formed by different biotypes of saxicolous lichen species with their rock substrata were investigated in the semiarid habitat of the SE Iberian Peninsula and the relationships between the bioweathering patterns observed and lichen colonization selectivity towards the different rock substrata evaluated. Xanthoria parietina was able to fix to the rock substratum by the adherence of single cell walls from the lower cortex. Neofuscelia pulla used rhizines and loose groups of hyphae for attachment of the thallus to the rock. Colonization by the foliose lichen species was confined to the rock surface, while Diploschistes diacapsis was also able grow below the surface showing two types of hyphal growth. Minerals in close contact with cell walls were biochemically and biophysically weathered, but hyphae showing calcium oxalate crystals did not appear to be directly involved in the patterns observed. The textural characteristics of the substratum seemed to be related to the type of microorganism colonization: sedimentary rocks were more deeply colonized by lichens and other chasmolithic microorganisms than volcanic material. Calcium oxalate crystals were found in the medulla of N. pulla but not at the lichen-substratum interface. Crustose lichens such as D. diacapsis showed calcium oxalate crystals in the upper cortex and over the outside of fungal medullary hyphae but not in direct contact with the rock surface. Calcium oxalate precipitation seems to be related to the different metabolic activities of the mycobiont within the lichen thallus and to different species. D. diacapsis inhibits the growth of other microorganisms in close proximity to the thallus, whereas foliose species were associated with several communities of microorganisms.

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Mumtaz, Muhammad Zahid, Maqshoof Ahmad, Hassan Etesami, and Adnan Mustafa. "Editorial: Mineral solubilizing microorganisms (MSM) and their applications in nutrient bioavailability, bioweathering and bioremediation, volume II." Frontiers in Microbiology 14 (January 4, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1345161.

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Elert, Kerstin, Encarnación Ruiz-Agudo, Fadwa Jroundi, Maria Teresa Gonzalez-Muñoz, Barbara W. Fash, William L. Fash, Nieves Valentin, Alberto de Tagle, and Carlos Rodriguez-Navarro. "Degradation of ancient Maya carved tuff stone at Copan and its bacterial bioconservation." npj Materials Degradation 5, no. 1 (August 17, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41529-021-00191-4.

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AbstractMuch stone sculptural and architectural heritage is crumbling, especially in intense tropical environments. This is exemplified by significant losses on carvings made of tuff stone at the Classic Maya site of Copan. Here we demonstrate that Copan stone primarily decays due to stress generated by humidity-related clay swelling resulting in spalling and material loss, a damaging process that appears to be facilitated by the microbial bioweathering of the tuff stone minerals (particularly feldspars). Such a weathering process is not prevented by traditional polymer- and alkoxysilane-based consolidants applied in the past. As an alternative to such unsuccessful conservation treatments, we prove the effectiveness of a bioconservation treatment based on the application of a sterile nutritional solution that selectively activates the stone´s indigenous bacteria able to produce CaCO3 biocement. The treatment generates a bond with the original matrix to significantly strengthen areas of loss, while unexpectedly, bacterial exopolymeric substances (EPS) impart hydrophobicity and reduce clay swelling. This environmentally-friendly bioconservation treatment is able to effectively and safely preserve fragile stones in tropical conditions, opening the possibility for its widespread application in the Maya area, and elsewhere.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mineral bioweathering'

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