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Academic literature on the topic 'Mine residues'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Mine residues"

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Zhou, Huaijin, Ryan Schulze, Sandra Cox, Cristian Saez, Zonglin Hu, and Joe Lutkenhaus. "Analysis of MinD Mutations Reveals Residues Required for MinE Stimulation of the MinD ATPase and Residues Required for MinC Interaction." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 2 (January 15, 2005): 629–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.2.629-638.2005.

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ABSTRACT The MinD ATPase is critical to the oscillation of the Min proteins, which limits formation of the Z ring to midcell. In the presence of ATP, MinD binds to the membrane and recruits MinC, forming a complex that can destabilize the cytokinetic Z ring. MinE, which is also recruited to the membrane by MinD, displaces MinC and stimulates the MinD ATPase, resulting in the oscillation of the Min proteins. In this study we have investigated the role of lysine 11, present in the deviant Walker A motif of MinD, and the three residues in helix 7 (E146, S148, and D152) that interact electrostatically with lysine 11. Lysine 11 is required for interaction of MinD with the membrane, MinC, MinE, and itself. In contrast, the three residues in helix 7 that interact with lysine 11 are not required for binding to the membrane or activation of MinC. They are also not required for MinE binding; however, they are required for MinE to stimulate the MinD ATPase. Interestingly, the D152A mutant self-interacts, binds to the membrane, and recruits MinC and MinE in the presence of ADP as well as ATP. This mutant provides evidence that dimerization of MinD is sufficient for MinD to bind the membrane and recruit its partners.
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Zhou, Huaijin, and Joe Lutkenhaus. "Membrane Binding by MinD Involves Insertion of Hydrophobic Residues within the C-Terminal Amphipathic Helix into the Bilayer." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 15 (August 1, 2003): 4326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.15.4326-4335.2003.

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ABSTRACT MinD binds to phospholipid vesicles in the presence of ATP and is released by MinE, which stimulates the MinD ATPase. Membrane binding requires a short conserved C-terminal region, which has the potential to form an amphipathic helix. This finding has led to a model in which the binding of ATP regulates the formation or accessibility of this helix, which then embeds in the membrane bilayer. To test this model, we replaced each of the four hydrophobic residues within this potential helix with tryptophan or a charged residue. Introduction of a negatively charged amino acid decreased membrane binding of MinD and its ability to activate MinC. In contrast, mutants with tryptophan substitutions retained the ability to bind to the membrane and activate MinC. Fluorescence emission spectroscopy analysis of the tryptophan mutants F263W, L264W, and L267W confirmed that these tryptophan residues did insert into the hydrophobic interior of the bilayer. We conclude that membrane binding by MinD involves penetration of the hydrophobic residues within the C-terminal amphipathic helix into the hydrophobic interior of the bilayer.
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Shim, Choon Hee, Woo Keun Lee, and Hyo Jon Ban. "Preparation of Adsorbent from Mine Residues." Materials Science Forum 544-545 (May 2007): 597–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.544-545.597.

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The object of this study is to prepare adsorbents to remove heavy metals from abandoned mine residues. There are many factors that affect the adsorptivity of prepared adsorbents. The adsorptivity of prepared adsorbents is evaluated by cation exchange capatity(CEC). The maxium CEC value is obtained by Dongwon mine residues treated with NaOH. The optimum condition at that time is 75/25 wt% of mixing ratio of Dongwon mine residues and NaOH under N2 atmosphere at the activation temperature of 500°C. The CEC value was 95meq/100g at this condition. 99.5% of Pb was removed under the condition of 50 mg/L, pH 5 and reaction time of 1hr.
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Cai, Mengli, Ying Huang, Yang Shen, Min Li, Michiyo Mizuuchi, Rodolfo Ghirlando, Kiyoshi Mizuuchi, and G. Marius Clore. "Probing transient excited states of the bacterial cell division regulator MinE by relaxation dispersion NMR spectroscopy." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 51 (November 26, 2019): 25446–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915948116.

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Bacterial MinD and MinE form a standing oscillatory wave which positions the cell division inhibitor MinC, that binds MinD, everywhere on the membrane except at the midpoint of the cell, ensuring midcell positioning of the cytokinetic septum. During this process MinE undergoes fold switching as it interacts with different partners. We explore the exchange dynamics between major and excited states of the MinE dimer in 3 forms using15N relaxation dispersion NMR: the full-length protein (6-stranded β-sheet sandwiched between 4 helices) representing the resting state; a 10-residue N-terminal deletion (Δ10) mimicking the membrane-binding competent state where the N-terminal helix is detached to interact with membrane; and N-terminal deletions of either 30 (Δ30) or 10 residues with an I24N mutation (Δ10/I24N), in which the β1-strands at the dimer interface are extruded and available to bind MinD, leaving behind a 4-stranded β-sheet. Full-length MinE samples 2 “excited” states: The first is similar to a full-length/Δ10 heterodimer; the second, also sampled by Δ10, is either similar to or well along the pathway toward the 4-stranded β-sheet form. Both Δ30 and Δ10/I24N sample 2 excited species: The first may involve destabilization of the β3- and β3′-strands at the dimer interface; changes in the second are more extensive, involving further disruption of secondary structure, possibly representing an ensemble of states on the pathway toward restoration of the resting state. The quantitative information on MinE conformational dynamics involving these excited states is crucial for understanding the oscillation pattern self-organization by MinD–MinE interaction dynamics on the membrane.
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Chen, Yanrong, Haojie Li, Zhongqing Yang, and Hu Fan. "Co-utilization of two coal mine residues." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 7, no. 9 (September 11, 2015): 168781401560638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814015606380.

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Szeto, Jason, Sudeep Acharya, Nelson F. Eng, and Jo-Anne R. Dillon. "The N Terminus of MinD Contains Determinants Which Affect Its Dynamic Localization and Enzymatic Activity." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 21 (November 1, 2004): 7175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.21.7175-7185.2004.

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ABSTRACT MinD is involved in regulating the proper placement of the cytokinetic machinery in some bacteria, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Escherichia coli. Stimulation of the ATPase activity of MinD by MinE has been proposed to induce dynamic, pole-to-pole oscillations of MinD in E. coli. Here, we investigated the effects of deleting or mutating conserved residues within the N terminus of N. gonorrhoeae MinD (MinDNg) on protein dynamism, localization, and interactions with MinDNg and with MinENg. Deletions or mutations were generated in the first five residues of MinDNg, and mutant proteins were evaluated by several functional assays. Truncation or mutation of N-terminal residues disrupted MinDNg interactions with itself and with MinE. Although the majority of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-MinDNg mutants could still oscillate from pole to pole in E. coli, the GFP-MinDNg oscillation cycles were significantly faster and were accompanied by increased cytoplasmic localization. Interestingly, in vitro ATPase assays indicated that MinDNg proteins lacking the first three residues or with an I5E substitution possessed higher MinENg-independent ATPase activities than the wild-type protein. These results indicate that determinants found within the extreme N terminus of MinDNg are implicated in regulating the enzymatic activity and dynamic localization of the protein.
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Chen, Yi, Haifeng Dou, Qiaoying Chang, and Chunlin Fan. "PRIAS: An Intelligent Analysis System for Pesticide Residue Detection Data and Its Application in Food Safety Supervision." Foods 11, no. 6 (March 8, 2022): 780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11060780.

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Pesticide residue is a prominent factor that leads to food safety problems. For this reason, many countries sample and detect pesticide residues in food every year, which generates a large amount of pesticide residue data. However, the way to deeply analyze and mine these data to quickly identify food safety risks is still an unresolved issue. In this study, we present an intelligent analysis system that supports the collection, processing, and analysis of detection data of pesticide residues. The system is first based on a number of databases such as maximum residue limit standards for the fusion of pesticide residue detection results; then, it applies a series of statistical methods to analyze pesticide residue data from multiple dimensions for quickly identifying potential risks; it uses the Apriori algorithm to mine the implicit association in the data to form pre-warning rules; finally, it applies Word document automatic generation technology to automatically generate pesticide residue analysis and pre-warning reports. The system was applied to analyze the pesticide residue detection results of 42 cities in mainland China from 2012 to 2015. Application results show that the system proposed in this study can greatly improve the depth, accuracy and efficiency of pesticide residue detection data analysis, and it can provide better decision support for food safety supervision.
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Kray, Claudio Henrique, Marino José Tedesco, Carlos Alberto Bissani, Clesio Gianello, and Kelly Justin da Silva. "Tannery and coal mining waste disposal on soil." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 32, spe (December 2008): 2877–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832008000700035.

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Tannery residues and coal mine waste are heavily polluting sources in Brazil, mainly in the Southern States of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. In order to study the effects of residues of chrome leather tanning (sludge and leather shavings) and coal waste on soybean and maize crops, a field experiment is in progress since 1996, at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Experimental Station, county of Eldorado do Sul, Brazil. The residues were applied twice (growing seasons 1996/97 and 1999/00). The amounts of tannery residues were applied according to their neutralizing value, at rates of up to 86.8 t ha-1, supplying from 671 to 1.342 kg ha-1 Cr(III); coal waste was applied at a total rate of 164 t ha-1. Crop yield and dry matter production were evaluated, as well as the nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn) and Cr contents. Crop yields with tannery sludge application were similar to those obtained with N and lime supplied with mineral amendments. Plant Cr absorption did not increase significantly with the residue application. Tannery sludge can be used also to neutralize the high acidity developed in the soil by coal mine waste.
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Rutherford, P. M., and J. M. Arocena. "Organic Amendments and Earthworm Addition Improve Properties of Nonacidic Mine Tailings." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/395964.

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In many mined areas, lack of topsoil limits conversion of disturbed landscapes to former or other productive uses. We examined the use of biosolids (10 or 20% by dry mass), with or without sawdust, pulp sludge, and the contribution of an earthworm species (Dendrobaena veneta) to improve the properties of nonacidic mine tailings. Pulp sludge more rapidly immobilized excessiveNH4 +concentrations from biosolids early in the study; however, total mineral N concentrations were similar in pulp sludge and sawdust treatments by week 29. AlthoughNO3 −-N concentrations were generally greater in treatments with earthworms, these trends were not statistically significant (P>0.05). In general, Bray P concentrations were greater in the presence of earthworms. Soil thin sections showed that earthworms mixed organic residues into elongated spherical units within mine tailings. Organic residues in combination with earthworm addition may improve the chemical and microstructural properties of non-acidic mine tailings, producing a substrate conducive for plant establishment.
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Schmotz, Walter, and Annika Peters. "Contaminated site, abandoned mine, landfill Morgenstern." at - Automatisierungstechnik 70, no. 10 (October 1, 2022): 919–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auto-2022-0070.

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Abstract The contaminated site “Morgenstern” in the German federal state Lower Saxony is an example of a complex case of remediation. The measures illustrated in this article are carried out in a conventional manner but represent a potential scope of application for robotic systems. Objective is the removal of a deposition of soil contaminated with drum residuals and chemical waste at the edge of an open pit within an abandoned iron ore mine. The slope angle of the area of operation is 45 degrees. Gas emissions from the depository above as well as organic substance residues in the contaminated layer below lead to a toxic and explosive atmosphere. In addition, the site’s critical structural integrity poses further risks so that manual operations presuppose maximum occupational health and safety measures.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mine residues"

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Peralta, Genandrialine Laquian. "Characterization, leachability and acid mine drainage potential of geothermal solid residues." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ28036.pdf.

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Mariga, Valentina. "Sustainability analysis in the mining sector: a case study on new recycling technologies for sulphidic mine residues valorisation." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23270/.

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Research has demonstrated that mining activities can cause serious impacts on the environment, as well as the surrounding communities, mainly due to the unsafe storage of mine tailings. This research focuses on the sustainability assessment of new technologies for the recovery of metals from mine residues. The assessment consists in the evaluation of the environmental, economic, and social impacts through the Life Cycle based methods: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC), and Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA). The analyses are performed on the Mondo Minerals bioleaching project, which aim is to recover nickel and cobalt from the Sotkamo and Vuonos mine tailings. The LCA demonstrates that the project contributes to the avoided production of nickel and cobalt concentrates from new resources, hence reducing several environmental impacts. The LCC analysis shows that the company’s main costs are linked to the bioleaching process, caused by electricity consumption and the chemicals used. The SLCA analyses the impacts on three main stakeholder categories: workers, local community, and society. The results demonstrated that a fair salary (or the absence of it) impacts the workers the most, while the local community stakeholder category impacts are related to the access to material resources. The health and safety category is the most impacted category for the society stakeholder. The environmental and economic analyses demonstrate that the recovery of mine tailings may represents a good opportunity for mine companies both to reduce the environmental impacts linked to mine tailings and to increase the profitability. In particular, the project helps reduce the amounts of metals extracted from new resources and demonstrates that the use of the bioleaching technology for the extraction of metals can be economically profitable.
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Anderson, Jonathan D. "Impacts of amending bauxite residue sands with residue fines for the establishment of vegetation on residue disposal areas /." Murdoch University Digital Theses Program, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090831.155453.

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Ackah, Louis A. "SYNERGISTIC APPLICATION OF A MUNICIPAL WASTE MATERIAL AND PHYTOREMEDIATION TECHNIQUE FOR REMEDIATING ACID MINE DRAINAGE AND IMPACTED SOIL." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1568.

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Major impacts of current and pre-regulatory mining activities on the environment include the generation of acid mine drainage (AMD) and metal(loid)-laden acid sulfate soils. Current remediation techniques are mostly cost prohibitive due to high energy, material, and labor requirement. This study investigated two complementary low-cost methods that harnessed the metal(loid)-removing and acid-neutralizing properties of drinking water treatment residuals (WTRs) and the uptake (phytoremediation) potential of vetiver (Vetiviera zizanioides L.) and pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) to attenuate and immobilize metal(loid)s from natural AMD and metal(loid)-contaminated soil. Metals were removed from AMD by using a reverse flow fluidized column filter and hydroponic phytoremediation with vetiver and pokeweed. Metals were immobilized in soil through the amendment with Fe and Ca-WTR complimented by the uptake and translocation of metals by vetiver and pokeweed. Experiments were performed under controlled greenhouse conditions as well as under natural Illinois environment in simulated field conditions. Furthermore, the integrated effects of WTR application and the growth of vetiver on soil erosion were also studied. Physicochemical analysis of AMD and soil samples from the Tab-Simco abandoned mine in the Illinois Coal Basin, U.S.A, showed significant concentrations of major metals and metalloids such as Fe, Al, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu and As at acidic pH levels. The degree of soil contamination at the site was spatially variable with respect to the location of the main AMD seep. Physical, chemical, agronomic and mineralogical characterization of locally acquired water treatment residuals (WTR) showed that the silty and alkaline (pH ≈ 7.0-9.1) materials also contained significant amounts of plant required micronutrients. The presence of amorphous phases of mostly metal (oxy)hydroxides, alkalinity, and porosity of the WTRs suggested the potential to neutralize acidity and capability to remove metal(loid)s in contaminated soils and AMD. Recorded metal removal (%MR) rate by WTR was rapid in the first 80 min in a batch agitation study, except for Mn. Thus, high metal removal ranging from 99.8% to 84.9% at selectivity sequence of Al>Fe>Cu>Zn and Mn (9.6%) was obtained at equilibrium. The pH of the AMD was also increased from 2.6 to 6.7. Analysis of leachate samples from gravity-drained columns following simulated rain events in a greenhouse study showed reduced concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, As and Pb at sustained neutral pH compared with unamended control columns during the 12 weeks study period. Metal immobilization in soil by the lower amendment rates of WTR was comparable to the higher application rates and also showed lower oxalate extractability of metals. Tissue analysis of pokeweed and vetiver hyperaccumulators showed appreciable uptake of relevant elements although translocation was relatively low in both. The analytical results at the greenhouse scale was reproducible in a simulated field scale study under natural Illinois environmental condition where the best amendment rate including 50 g/kg Fe-WTR and 15 g/kg of Ca-WTR and manure helped to improve metal(loid) retention, soil structure and enhanced vetiver growth which subsequently aided in reducing the rate of erosion to levels comparable to bermudagrass which was used as control. The developed integrated WTR fluidized column and phytoremediation technique with vetiver and pokeweed under hydroponic conditions sequentially removed significant quantities of most heavy metals from AMD. Thus, the overall findings showed that the locally collected WTRs - the otherwise waste materials, showed high metal-removing and acidity-reducing capabilities in AMD and contaminated soil treatment applications. The similarity between the results obtained from the laboratory and simulated field study also showed that laboratory/greenhouse experiments may serve as reliable proxies for field responses in applications such as soil and water conservation in agricultural environments, remediation of abandoned mine lands, as well as wastewater treatment systems.
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Hendricks, Nicolette Rebecca. "The application of high capacity ion exchange adsorbent material, synthesized from fly ash and acid mine drainage, for the removal of heavy and trace metal from secondary Co-disposal process waters." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/1455.

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In South Africa, being the second largest global coal exporter, coal mining plays a pivotal role in the growth of our economy, as well as supplying our nation’s ever increasing electricity needs; while also accounting for more than 10% of the 20 x 109 m3 water used annually in the country. Coal mining may thus be classified as a large-scale water user; known to inevitably generate wastewater [acid mine drainage (AMD)] and other waste material, including fly ash (FA). Current and conventional AMD treatment technologies include precipitation–aggregation (coagulation/flocculation) – settling as hydroxides or insoluble salts. The process stream resulting from these precipitation processes is still highly saline, therefore has to undergo secondary treatment. The best available desalination techniques include reverse osmosis (RO), electro dialysis (ED), ion exchange and evaporation. All available treatment methods associated with raw AMD and its derived process stream fall prey to numerous drawbacks. The result is that treatment is just as costly as the actual coal extraction. In addition, remediation only slows the problem down, while also having a short lifespan. Research conducted into converting fly ash, an otherwise waste material, into a marketable commodity has shown that direct mixing of known ratios of FA with AMD to a pre-determined pH, erves a dual purpose: the two wastes (AMD and FA) could be neutralized and produced a much cleaner water (secondary co-disposal [FA/AMD]-process water), broadly comparable to the process water derived from precipitation-aggregation treated AMD. The collected post process solid residues on the other hand, could be used for production of high capacity ion exchange material (e.g. zeolite A, faujasite, zeolite P, etc.). The produced ion exchange material can subsequently be utilized for the attenuation of metal species in neutralized FA/AMDprocess waters.
Magister Scientiae - MSc
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Benaiges-Fernandez, Robert. "Bioreduction of iron (hydr)oxides from mine tailings under marine conditions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673411.

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Mining industry faces environmental problems concerning waste management. Given the environmental issues associated with storage of mine wastes on land, one disposal option that has gained attraction is submarine tailings disposal (STD). This practice involves disposal of mine tailings under seawater through underwater pipelines. Discharged mine wastes may be geochemically altered by microbial communities that living in the seabed have an ecophysiology that is compatible with the mine tailings. These communities (e.g., Shewanella, Geobacter) would be able to reduce the structural Fe(III) of oxides and oxyhydroxides (henceforth referred to as (hydr)oxides) of iron contained in the tailings, leading to a release of Fe(II) and Trace Elements (TEs) into the marine environment. The present study aimed at understanding the reaction of bioreduction of iron (hydr)oxides that are contained in mine tailings and assessing the environmental impact of STD. For this purpose, different samples of iron (hydr)oxides and mine tailings were reacted in batch and column experiments in the presence of Shewanella loihica, a dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria. The release of Fe(II) and TE was monitored throughout the experiments, and the surface of the reacted oxides were examined. Geochemical simulations of the experimental data were used to quantify the extent of the overall reductive dissolution reaction. Furthermore, to understand the influence of aqueous iron in the ocean’s nitrogen cycle, a series of experiments were carried out with Fe(II) released from bioreduced iron oxides in the presence of nitrite. Results showed that Shewanella loihica bioreduces Fe(III) from the iron (hydr)oxides contained in the mine tailings under marine conditions. The dissolution process leads to a release of Fe(II) and TEs, which are harmful for the marine environment. It was deduced that the reactive surface area of the iron (hydr)oxides is a key factor in the bioreduction process as it provides available Fe(III) and available surface, on which Shewanella loihica attach for electron transferring. However, adsorption of some of released Fe(II) onto the surface leads to a decrease in the reactive surface area, which lowers the total available Fe(III), and to a transformation of the former oxide to a new biogenic phase containing Fe2+/Fe3+ (i.e. magnetite). Moreover, it was demonstrated that the Fe(II) released promotes a nitrite removal, interfering thus with the nitrogen cycle of the ocean. The nitrite removal was characterized using chemical and isotopic analyses, which allowed a better understanding of the mechanisms controlling the Fe(II)-N interaction and an identification of the source of nitrite reduction in the sea. From the results, it is inferred that STD can become a major environmental concern because (1) the Fe(II) released may lead to fertilization and eutrophication of disposal sites, resulting in an oxygen depletion and an expansion of the oxygen minimum zone and (2) the TEs released bioaccumulate in the environment and trophic webs, ultimately affecting human health and social economic development.
La indústria minera s’encara a un problema de gestió dels residus produïts. Degut als problemes mediambientals que provoca l’emmagatzematge terrestre de les cues mineres, la deposició submarina de les cues (STD) és una opció que ha guanyat interès en els darrers anys. Aquesta pràctica implica el dipòsit dels residus al fons marí mitjançant canonades submergides des de les indústries mineres. Aquestes cues es poden veure afectades geoquímicament per les poblacions microbianes que viuen en el fons marí i que poden tenir una ecofisiologia compatible amb els residus. Aquestes comunitats (per exemple, Shewanella, Geobacter) poden bioreduir el ferro fèrric dels òxids i/o hidròxids continguts en els residus miners, alliberant Fe (II) i elements traça (TE) al medi marí. El principal objectiu d’aquest treball va ser entendre el procés de bioreducció dels òxids i hidròxids de ferro presents en els residus miners i avaluar les conseqüències mediambientals dels dipòsits de residus al fons marí. Per dur a terme aquest propòsit, es van fer experiments de tipus batch i de columna amb diverses mostres d’òxids i hidròxids de ferro i de residus miners, les quals van reaccionar amb Shewanella loihica, un bacteri desassimilatori del ferro capaç de dur a terme la dissolució reductiva del ferro. Es va monitoritzar l’alliberament de Fe(II) i de TEs, es van observar les superfícies dels sòlids reaccionats i es va fer un model geoquímic per quantificar la bioreducció. A més a més, per tal d’entendre millor la influència del ferro en el cicle del nitrogen de l’oceà es van dur a terme uns experiments batch on el ferro bioreduït interaccionava amb nitrit. Els resultats han demostrat que la Shewanella loihica pot bioreduir els òxids i/o hidròxids de ferro continguts en residus miners en condicions semblants a les del fons marí. Aquesta dissolució bioreductiva comporta l’alliberament de Fe(II) i de TEs que poden arribar a ser perjudicials per l’ambient. S’ha deduït que la superfície reactiva dels òxids i/o hidròxids é un factor clau en la bioreducció perquè proveeix Fe(III) per bioreduir i superfície perquè els bacteris transfereixin electrons.. Ara bé, l’adsorció de Fe(II) en la superfície comporta, per una banda, la disminució de la superfície reactiva i del Fe(III) disponible i, per altra banda, la formació d’una nova fase mineral biogènica que conté Fe2+/Fe3+, és a dir una transformació a magnetita També s’ha demostrat que el Fe(II) alliberat per la bioreducció pot interferir, amb el cicles biogeoquímic del nitrogen de l’oceà. Així, el Fe(II) bioproduït desencadena l’eliminació del nitrit en el mar. Aquest procés s’ha caracteritzat utilitzant anàlisis químiques i isotòpiques. Les dades isotòpiques han servit per entendre millor els mecanismes que regulen la interacció Fe(II)-nitrogen, i per identificar l’origen de la reducció de nitrit en el medi marí. A partir dels resultats obtinguts, es dedueix que el dipòsit de residus miners al mar (STD) és un problema mediambiental perquè (1) l’alliberament de Fe(II) pot provocar una fertilització i eutrofització dels llocs on es dipositin els residus amb una disminució de l’oxigen dissolt i una expansió de la zona mínima d’oxigen i (2) l’alliberament d’ETs pot provocar una bioacumulació d’aquests elements a les xarxes tròfiques. Tot plegat afecta no només l’equilibri d’altres cicles biogeoquímics a l’oceà sinó també la salut humana i l’economia de la societat.
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Adler, Matthew. "Evaluation Of Water Treatment Residuals and Vetiver Grass for Treating Acid Mine Drainage." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1670.

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Surface mining is important to our modern way of life and to coal mining in the United States of America. Unfortunately old and new surface mining sites produce a metal-rich acidic solution termed acid mine drainage (AMD), which contaminates water and soil. Acid sulfate soil is unstable and prone to erode, and spreading this acidic sulfate–rich liquid across mine sites may increase the amount of AMD that can be generated. The current study focused on evaluating two affordable passive treatments of AMD and AMD-impacted water which could be used together to construct a semipermeable membrane for erosion control of acidic soils, immobilization of heavy metals, and to increase the pH. The first treatment was the land application of an inexpensive industrial by-product, drinking water treatment residuals (WTRs) to treat AMD with its alkalinity and metal binding affinity. The second treatment, intended for placement behind the WTR to clean metal-contaminated water and provide erosion control was the perennial grass, sunshine vetiver (Chrysopogon Zizanioides). Sunshine vetiver is fast-growing, non-invasive, extremely tolerant of adverse AMD conditions, and a hyperaccumulator of some metals. In this experiment, all the sunshine vetiver grasses were able to grow in the practical mixtures of WTR and AMD-soil considered. With exposure to acidity the investigated WTRs released greater amounts of toxic heavy metals, the RCRA8 metals and aluminum, than ideal for use as a soil amendment on AMD sites. i
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Montesinos, León Mayra Inés. "Caracterización de efluentes de mina para elección de la alternativa óptima de tratamiento." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/7885.

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La presente tesis tiene como propósito identificar la alternativa óptima de tratamiento de efluentes de mina tomando como base la caracterización física-química de los drenajes, la caracterización geoquímica de materiales mineros y la evaluación en laboratorio de alternativas de tratamiento. En el Capítulo 1 a modo de Introducción se realiza una breve descripción de la situación actual del país respecto de los drenajes de mina, abarcando desde el daño ambiental producido por pasivos mineros hasta los distintos conflictos sociales que hoy en día han detenido más de 20,000 millones de dólares de inversiones en el sector. En el Capítulo 2 se desarrolla el Marco Teórico del tema donde se describe los mecanismos de formación del drenaje ácido, su caracterización, control y la descripción de sus distintos tratamientos tanto activos como pasivos. En el Capítulo 3 se describe el Marco Legal actual del país en relación al manejo de efluentes en el Sector Minero. Teniendo en cuenta que para el desarrollo de la tesis se han utilizado materiales y efluentes de dos unidades mineras, en el Capítulo 4 se describe la ubicación de estas y sus características ambientales más representativas. En el Capítulo 5 se describe el Desarrollo Experimental de la tesis que abarca la caracterización de materiales y efluentes provenientes de cada unidad minera, los ensayos de laboratorio a los que fueron sometidos los efluentes para determinar los rangos de operación de los procesos de neutralización, precipitación y remoción de las fases solidas formadas y la elección de la alternativa de tratamiento óptima para cada efluente. Para finalizar en el Capítulo 6 se plasman las conclusiones y recomendaciones planteadas luego del desarrollo de la presente tesis.
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Morokane, Tebogo Molefe Shadrack. "The impact of gold and coal mine residue on water resources in the Roodepoort and Newcastle areas." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30818.

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Large quantities of tailings are produced during gold and coal mining activities. These tailings consist of ash dumps, waste rock dumps, in-pit deposits and any other heap, pile or accumulation of residue in the tailings or slimes dams. It has been reported that these tailings can have a significant impact on water quality in the vicinity of gold and coal residues in South Africa. Water quality deterioration in the vicinity of gold and coal mines in the Johannesburg and other areas has been reported. However, little information is available on the potential impact of residues on water quality near Roodepoort and Newcastle where gold and coal, respectively, are mined. The objective of this investigation was therefore to determine the potential impact of gold and coal mine residues on the environment in the vicinity of Roodepoort and Newcastle. Secondary objectives were to identify the metal constituents of gold and coal mine residues, to evaluate and define the current knowledge with regard to the short-term water quality impact of gold and coal residues in terms of concentration of metals leaching from the residues, to assess the potential impact of gold and coal tailings on the water environment within the study areas and to suggest methods to prevent pollution from taking place. Acid Base Accounting (ABA), Toxicity Characteristics Leaching (TCLP), Acid Rain Leaching Procedure (ARLP) and Inductively Plasma Coupled – Mass Spectrometry (IPC-MS) were used as tools to determine the potential impact of gold and coal tailings on the environment. Acid Base Accounting comprises two components that show the potential of the mine residue to produce acid mine drainage, that is, the total sulphur and the net neutralisation potential (NNP). It has been reported that any pyrite mine residue containing more than 0.5% total sulphur may generate acid mine drainage. Mine residues with a net neutralisation potential of less than zero ppt CaCO3 produce acid drainage. The acid base accounting results show that the gold and coal mine residues contain sulphur which has the potential to produce acid mine drainage. Lithium (Li), sodium (Na) magnesium (Mg), aluminium (Al), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni) were identified to be present in the gold mine residue. The concentrations of some of the metals that leached from the gold residue according to the TCLP tests were as follows: Al (22 mg/L); Ca (242 mg/L); Fe (29 mg/L); Mn (88 mg/L) and Ni (87 mg/L). The metals that leached from the gold residue according to the ARLP results were as follows: Na (43 mg/L); Al (169 mg/L); Ca (246 mg/L); Fe (771 mg/L); Mn (16 mg/L) and Ni (11 mg/L). Higher concentrations of metals generally leached from the gold residue with the ARLP test than with the TCLP test. The sulphate concentration up-stream of the gold residue was determined at 225 mg/L. This concentration increased to 3 490 mg/L at the decanting point and to 11 577 mg/L downstream of the decanting point. The surface and possibly groundwater are therefore polluted with sulphates. Lithium (Li), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), aluminium (Al), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni) were identified to be present in the coal mine residue. The concentrations of some of the metals that leached from the coal residue according to the TCLP tests were as follows: Al (3 mg/L); Ca (56 mg/L); Fe (0.21 mg/L); Mn (1 mg/L) and Ni (0.082 mg/L). The metals that leached from the coal residue according to the ARLP test results were as follows: Na (3 mg/L); Al (15 mg/L); Ca (136 mg/L); Fe (0.91 mg/L); Mn (1 mg/L) and Ni (0.07 mg/L). Higher concentrations of metals generally leached from the coal residue with ARLP test than with the TCLP test. The sulphate concentration up-stream of the coal residue was determined at 26 mg/L. This concentration increased to 3 615 mg/L at the decanting point and to 6 509 mg/L downstream of the decanting point. The surface and possibly groundwater are therefore polluted with sulphate. The upstream Na (26 mg/L), Ca (41 mg/L), Fe (0,02 mg/L), Mn (3 mg/L) and Ni (0.065 mg/L) concentrations were low in the case of the gold residues. These concentrations at the decanting point were: Na (289 mg/L); Ca (266 mg/L); Fe (0.2 mg/L); Mn (0.01 mg/L) and Ni (2 mg/L). Fifty metres downstream these concentrations were: Na (140 mg/L); Ca (389 mg/L); Fe (722 mg/L); Mn (395 mg/L) and Ni (15 mg/L). There was a significant increase in the metal concentration from up-stream of the gold residue, to the decanting point and further downstream of the gold residue. The surface and possibly ground water are therefore polluted by the metals leaching from the gold residue. The upstream Na (5 mg/L), Ca (8 mg/L), Fe (0,12 mg/L), Mn (0.015 mg/L) and Ni (0.05 mg/L) concentrations were low in the case of the coal residues. These concentrations at the decanting point were: Na (189 mg/L); Ca (337 mg/L); Fe (68 mg/L); Mn (13 mg/L) and Ni (0.06 mg/L). Fifty metres downstream these concentrations were: Na (65 mg/L); Ca (129 mg/L); Fe (0.48 mg/L); Mn (5 mg/L) and Ni (0.06 mg/L). There was a significant increase in the metal concentration from up-stream of the coal residue, to the decanting point and further downstream of the coal residue. The surface and possibly ground water are therefore polluted by the metals leaching from the coal residue. The gold and coal mine residues are polluting the surface and possibly ground water. Therefore, in order to ameliorate the current status within the Roodepoort and Newcastle catchments, mitigation and management measures such as that the residues should be covered and capped with soil material that would prevent infiltration of the oxygen and rain water into the soil, are recommended. A more comprehensive water quality analysis of the surroundings of the residues is also suggested to be able to better quantify the extent of the problem. Copyright
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Chemical Engineering
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Kopittke, Peter Martin. "Limitations to plant root growth in highly saline and alkaline bauxite residue /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20040913.094109/index.html.

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Books on the topic "Mine residues"

1

Saini, Pradeep. Nitrogen transformations and nitrate leaching in mine soils reclaimed with sewage sludge and coal combustion residues. Morgantown, WV: College of Agriculture and Forestry, West Virginia University, 1994.

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Kim, Ann G. Disposal of coal combustion residues in inactive surface mines. S.l: s.n, 1994.

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Burnett, Mackenzie. Pneumatic backfilling of coal combustion residues in underground mines. Springfield, IL: Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, Coal Combustion Residues Management Program, 1994.

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K, O'Connor William, and ASME Research Committee on Industrial and Municipal Wastes. Subcommittee on Ash Vitrification., eds. ASME/U.S. Bureau of Mines investigative program report on vitrification of residue (ash) from municipal waste combustion systems. New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994.

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Hettler, Jörg. Environmental impact of large-scale mining in Papua New Guinea: Mining residue disposal by the Ok Tedi Copper-Gold Mine. Berlin: Selbstverlag Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, FU Berlin, 1995.

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Mallick, K. Bouguer Gravity Regional and Residual Separation: Application to Geology and Environment. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012.

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(US), National Research Council. Managing Coal Combustion Residues in Mines. National Academies Press, 2006.

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International Atomic Energy Agency; IAEA. Monitoring and Surveillance of Residues from the Mining and Milling of Uranium and Thorium. International Atomic Energy Agency, 2003.

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Peralta, Genandrialine Laquian. Characterization, leachability and acid mine drainage potential of geothermal solid residues. 1997.

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Zhu, Chen. Studies on insoluble residues of the Bonneterre carbonate rocks at the Buick Mine, Viburnum Trend, S.E. Missouri and implications for geochemistry of lead-zinc mineralization. 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mine residues"

1

Shim, Choon Hee, Woo Keun Lee, and Hyo Jon Ban. "Preparation of Adsorbent from Mine Residues." In Materials Science Forum, 597–600. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-431-6.597.

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Wolkersdorfer, Christian. "Post-mining Usage of Mine Sites or Residues of the Treatment Process." In Mine Water Treatment – Active and Passive Methods, 227–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65770-6_7.

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Herbert, Roger B., Linda Höckert, Mattias von Brömssen, Helen Friis, and Gunnar Jacks. "Mine Waste Stabilization with Biosludge and Ca Carbonate Residues: Column Experiments." In Advanced Materials Research, 291–94. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-452-9.291.

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Li, Yuancheng, Yufei Bao, Shaofa Shang, and Mei Wang. "Face Recognition Based on Inverted Residual Network in Complex Environment of Mine." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 287–98. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7943-9_25.

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Papas, T. S., D. K. Watson, N. Sacchi, S. J. O’Brien, and R. Ascione. "The Mammalian ETS Genes: Two Unique Chromosomal Locations in Cat, Mice and Man and Novel Translocated Position in Human Leukemias." In Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia 1986, 23–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4273-8_3.

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Mulligan, C. N., R. Galvez-Cloutier, and N. Renaud. "Biological leaching of copper mine residues by Aspergillus niger." In Biohydrometallurgy and the Environment Toward the Mining of the 21st Century - Proceedings of the International Biohydrometallurgy Symposium, 453–61. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1572-4409(99)80046-7.

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Keefer, R. F., D. K. Bhumbla, and R. N. Singh. "Accumulation of Mo in Wheat and Alfalfa Grown on Fly Ash-Amended Acid Mine Spoils." In Trace Elements in Coal and Coal Combustion Residues, 239–58. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003070139-16.

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Brambilla, D., L. Longoni, M. Papini, D. Arosio, and L. Zanzi. "The residual risk of an abandoned mine." In Rock Mechanics for Resources, Energy and Environment, 569–73. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15683-95.

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Bui, Long T. "Empire’s Residuals." In Returns of War, 169–200. NYU Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479817061.003.0005.

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This chapter argues that Ho Chi Minh City (also called Saigon) manifests the contradictory historical processes that shaped the city, once the capital of South Vietnam, into the economic hub it is today. For historical context, it first gives a brief summary of urbanization and class transformation under U.S. military rule in Saigon, especially during the time of Vietnamization, and how this period arguably produced a form of “neocolonialism” as many of its critics claimed which never dissipated after the Americans left. By tracking the migration of overseas Vietnamese or Viet Kieu back to the homeland, we can view the ways global change is localized. Through a cultural geography and ethnographic lens, the chapter involves participant observation and interviews with locals and former exiles. Scholars who write about Ho Chi Minh City today tend to focalize contemporary industrialization and globalization processes as manifestations of state governmental reforms or foreign corporate encroachment. This chapter provides this same focus but make connections between current urbanizing developments to the city’s history of war.
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Dayan, Colin. "Punishing the Residue." In The Law Is a White Dog. Princeton University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691070919.003.0003.

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This chapter argues that to the extent that probable cause and due process protections of the Constitution were ignored and abolished in service to the war on terror, the directive achieving such ends is illegal by any post-Magna Carta standard. Yet, today, legal boundaries are equated with the legitimacy of the government's goals. It is not an absence of law but an abundance of it that allows government to engage in seemingly illegal practices. The chapter then explores this hyperlegal negation of civil existence. The negation of civil existence requires that a person be made “superfluous.” To be made superfluous is to be outside the pale of human empathy. It is in the mind-destroying setting of the supermax penitentiary that the state attempts to take away awareness, will, and responsibility and thereby institute the superfluousness sanctioned by law.
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Conference papers on the topic "Mine residues"

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Xenidis, Anthimos, and Dimitrios Boufounos. "Dry Disposal of Bauxite Residues in Abandoned Mine Open Pits." In GeoCongress 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40970(309)5.

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Paulo, Carlos, Ian M. Power, Amanda R. Stubbs, Nina Zeyen, and Siobhan A. Wilson. "Predicting CO2 Mineralization in Mine Residues: Insights from Leaching and Geochemical Modeling." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2049.

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Kastyuchik, Alexey. "EFFECTIVENESS OF EGGSHELL RESIDUES MIXED WITH ALKALINE AMENDMENTS IN ACID MINE DRAINAGE REMEDIATION." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on ENERGY AND CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b42/s18.009.

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Fair, Richard B., Michael Pollack, and Vamsee K. Pamula. "MEMS devices for detecting the presence of explosive material residues in mine fields." In Aerospace/Defense Sensing and Controls, edited by Abinash C. Dubey, James F. Harvey, and J. Thomas Broach. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.324214.

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Paulo, Carlos, Khangeziwe Senzani, Andrew Vietti, Senzeni Ndlovu, Amanda Stubbs, Henry May, and Ian Power. "Effects of mineral reactivity and seasonality on enhanced rock weathering of kimberlite mine residues." In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.5357.

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Zeyen, Nina, Baolin Wang, Siobhan Wilson, Wyatt Russell, Maria Arizaleta, Jared Janzen, Sydney Evans, et al. "Microbial CO2 removal into carbonate sediments using cation exchange leachates from kimberlite mine residues — Results from Project CarbonVault." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.10973.

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Williams, Lukash, J. Williams, Kennneth Evans, and David Leclerc. "An innovative approach to bauxite residue site remediation: a case study reviewing the dewatering, reprofiling and revegetation of a closed bauxite residue site in Jamaica." In Mine Closure 2022: 15th Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/2215_39.

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Scullett-Dean, Grace, K. Stockwell, Lance Myers, H. Nyeboer, and Talitha Santini. "Accelerating soil formation in bauxite residue: a solution for long-term tailings management and storage." In Mine Closure 2022: 15th Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/2215_75.

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Shrivathsa, Amrutha, and Stephanie Cooper. "An interjurisdictional approach to designing residual risk policy." In 13th International Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1915_42_cooper.

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Torgersrud, Oyvind, Gijsbert Breedveld, Gudny Okkenhaug, Bernt Malme, and Peter Cataldi. "Challenges for the closure and natural rehabilitation of bauxite residue disposal sites." In 13th International Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1915_08_torgersrud.

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Reports on the topic "Mine residues"

1

Haque, K. E., P. Maltby, and J. B. Mckenzie. Pressure Oxidation and Environmental Stability of Cyanide Leach Residues, Nerco Con Mine. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/133360.

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Horace K. Moo-Young and Charles E. Ochola. A Novel Treatment for Acid Mine Drainage Utilizing Reclaimed Limestone Residual. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/924117.

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Chugh, Y. P., Y. Zhang, A. K. Ghosh, and S. R. Palmer. Lightweight combustion residues-based structural materials for use in mines. Technical report, September 1--November 30, 1994. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/28256.

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Chugh, Y. P., Yuzhuo Zhang, A. K. Ghosh, S. R. Palmer, Suping Peng, and Y. Xiao. Lightweight combustion residues-based structural materials for use in mines. Quarterly report, 1 March 1995--31 May 1995. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/207071.

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Chugh, Yoginder P., Yuzhuo Zhang, A. K. Ghosh, S. R. Palmer, and Suping, Xiao, Y. Peng. Lightweight combustion residues-based structural materials for use in mines. Quarterly report, 1 December 1994--28 February 1995. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/211394.

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Brown, Donald W., M. A. Okuniewski, Thomas A. Sisneros, Bjorn Clausen, G. A. Moore, and L. Balogh. Neutron Diffraction Measurement of Residual Stresses, Dislocation Density and Texture in Zr-bonded U-10Mo ''Mini'' Fuel Foils and Plates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1136458.

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Carpenter, J. L., and E. M. Thomasson. Management of dry flue gas desulfurization by-products in underground mines. The development and testing of collapsible intermodal containers for the handling and transport of coal combustion residues. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/171279.

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Gerstl, Zev, Thomas L. Potter, David Bosch, Timothy Strickland, Clint Truman, Theodore Webster, Shmuel Assouline, Baruch Rubin, Shlomo Nir, and Yael Mishael. Novel Herbicide Formulations for Conservation-Tillage. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7591736.bard.

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The overall objective of this study was to develop, optimize and evaluate novel formulations, which reduce herbicide leaching and enhance agronomic efficacy. Numerous studies have demonstrated that CsT promotes environmental quality and enhances sustainable crop production, yet continued use of CsT-practices appears threatened unless cost effective alternative weed control practices can be found. The problem is pressing in the southern portion of the Atlantic Coastal Plain region of the eastern USA where cotton and peanut are produced extensively. This research addressed needs of the region’s farmers for more effective weed control practices for CsT systems. HUJI: CRFs for sulfentrazone and metolachlor were developed and tested based on their solubilizion in cationic micelles and adsorption of the mixed micelles on montmorillonite. A better understanding of solubilizing anionic and nonionic organic molecules in cationic micelles was reached. Both CRFs demonstrated controlled release compared to the commercial formulations. A bioassay in soil columns determined that the new sulfentrazone and metolachlor CRFs significantly improve weed control and reduced leaching (for the latter) in comparison with the commercial formulations. ARO: Two types of CRFs were developed: polymer-clay beads and powdered formulations. Sand filter experiments were conducted to determine the release of the herbicide from the CRFs. The concentration of metolachlor in the initial fractions of the effluent from the commercial formulation reached rather high values, whereas from the alginate-clay formulations and some of the powdered formulations, metolachlor concentrations were low and fairly constant. The movement of metolachlor through a sandy soil from commercial and alginate-clay formulations showed that the CRFs developed significantly reduced the leaching of metolachlor in comparison to the commercial formulation. Mini-flume and simulated rainfall studies indicated that all the CRFs tested increased runoff losses and decreased the amount of metolachlor found in the leachate. ARS: Field and laboratory investigations were conducted on the environmental fate and weed control efficacy of a commercially available, and two CRFs (organo-clay and alginate-encapsulated) of the soil-residual herbicide metolachlor. The environmental fate characteristics and weed control efficacy of these products were compared in rainfall simulations, soil dissipations, greenhouse efficacy trials, and a leaching study. Comparisons were made on the basis of tillage, CsT, and conventional, i.e no surface crop residue at planting (CT). Strip-tillage (ST), a commonly used form of CsT, was practiced. The organo-clay and commercial metolachlor formulations behaved similarly in terms of wash off, runoff, soil dissipation and weed control efficacy. No advantage of the organo-clay over the commercial metolachlor was observed. Alginate encapsulated metolachlor was more promising. The dissipation rate for metolachlor when applied in the alginate formulation was 10 times slower than when the commercial product was used inferring that its use may enhance weed management in cotton and peanut fields in the region. In addition, comparison of alginate and commercial formulations showed that ST can effectively reduce the runoff threat that is commonly associated with granular herbicide application. Studies also showed that use of the alginate CRF has the potential to reduce metolachlor leaching. Overall study findings have indicated that use of granular herbicide formulations may have substantial benefit for ST-system weed management for cotton and peanut production under Atlantic Coastal Plain conditions in the southeastern USA. Commercial development and evaluation at the farm scale appears warranted. Products will likely enhance and maintain CsT use in this and other regions by improving weed control options.
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