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1
Nelsen, Jacqueline Laura. "Social License to Operate : integration into mine planning and development." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31783.
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This thesis is a compilation and analyses of research into Social License to Operate as applied to the mining industry. Mining companies have increasingly been criticized for their conduct, primarily as a result of high profile environmental mishaps, the cyclicality of the business (boom & bust) and the resultant socio-economic impacts resulting from mine closures. The purpose of this thesis is to advance the understanding of social license to operate, as well as assist the understanding of how it is acquired and maintained. The key aspects of the research relate to understanding several key issues: what is a social license to operate; how mining companies earn and maintain it; who gives a social license to operate; why a social license to operate is important and why companies are eager to obtain it; and how social license to operate principles are placed into practice. The research was based on an extensive literature review of both published and unpublished documents, as well as qualitative data from field studies and data from a social license survey conducted in 2005/2006. This thesis presents key findings from an industry survey which was the starting point to identify what social license is, how it is earned, maintained and monitored at each phase of mine development. It also identified companies or projects recognized for being a role model for leading in the development of social license principles. The thesis reviews some of the identified companies in order to further elaborate on key aspects of social license. The thesis also explores Situational Analysis and its importance to social license to operate. A brief discussion also outlines the potential future use and benefits of social license as a Real Option to enhance project flexibility and assist in the decision making process with respect to the investment in a new mine. The research led to the following conclusions: 1. Stakeholders are increasingly demanding a more participatory role in decisions affecting their neighborhoods and environments. 2. Social license is vital to ensuring business continuity and success, and provides a significant competitive advantage to those companies who have earned it. 3. Many companies have learned that voluntary initiatives beyond regulatory compliance are a key element to earning a social license. 4. Industry is generally well aware of the changing value systems surrounding mining, and recognizes that project success is primarily based on stakeholder and economic approval. 5. Although there is a high level of awareness and a significant level of implementation with respect to social license, there is no real consensus with respect to the means and effectiveness of the implementation. 6. Project success appears to be based on building and maintaining sustainable relationships. A participatory approach with adaptive and co-management strategies appear to be fundamental to this success. The key projects or mines identified by survey respondents as being role models for and/or leading in the development of social license are large, world leaders and internationally diversified, with the experience and financial resources dedicated to earning a social license. However, the data showed that small companies do have an almost equal opportunity to earn a social license as well as their larger peers. Industry in general is becoming well aware of the need to earn community support to advance their projects. The use of situational analysis appears to be an effective tool to provide exploration and mining companies with the foundation from which to build a strategy for the acquisition of a social license. Social license forms the basis of 'Reputational Capital', thereby offering to reduce business risk and uncertainty, resulting in long-term stakeholder value. This thesis indicates that there are three recommended tasks for further research. One is to further derive and test methodologies for quantitative and/or qualitative evaluation of social license. The second is to test situational analysis methods with more field case studies, and adapt them as necessary towards developing a scorecard methodology. The third is to characterize the transferability of social license, for example, from the target company to the acquiring company, following a merger or acquisition.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Mining Engineering, Keevil Institute of<br>Graduate
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Almgren, Torgny. "An approach to long range production and development planning with application to the Kiruna Mine, Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 1994. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-25790.
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The mining industry is increasingly oriented towards large scale mining and the planning concept of "Just in Time", which means activities starting and ending as late as possible without jeopardising production. The buffers, consisting of production blocks and development ahead of production, are then minimi. This, however, leads to a larger dependency on the quality of the output from the production systems. The Kiruna mine, Sweden, is a large scale mine and has a number of potential ore blocks with a content that varies in quality (Fe, P, K) and in quantity (ore tonnage). Ore production is restricted by operative and block sequencing constraints as well as by production requirements. A computerized planning model, based on operations research (multi period scheduling) has been developed to meet future demands on ore qualities and quantities. The model uses long range objectives, but can satisfy temporary short range demands without jeopardising the long range goals. A sub-optimal plan, made using the model, has been compared with a truly optimal plan. It is shown that, due to the unreliable information concerning the ore, the sub-optimal plan performs as well as the optimal one. The simulation process that was developed for this comparison is also used to estimate the need for production buffer blocks. Another buffer planning model is developed to determine when development work should take place in order to minimize the risk of additional costs, caused by an inability to start production on time. This algorithm considers the uncertainties in activity durations and is based on a Monte Carlo simulation using project networks and estimates the optimum development buffer.<br>Godkänd; 1994; 20070429 (ysko)
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Meyer, Lambertus Daniel. "The development of an improved labour planning model for mines / Bertie Meyer." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4173.
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The mining industry is the largest source of foreign income for South Africa. It is also the main source of employment in the country, for example Anglo Platinum employs approximately 40 000 employees and contractors. As a result labour cost in South African mines makes up nearly 50% of total mine costs. The focus of this study was to investigate the current underground labour planning models used in the platinum mining industry and to design a mine labour planning model to optimize the labour - Anglo Platinum specific. This would minimise all of the mining-related risks in a direct or indirect manner. Financial modelling showed an annual improvement of R38 million for Rustenburg Platinum Mines. If this new approach could be extended to the rest of Anglo Platinum, a saving of R151 million could be realised by increasing revenue and a decreasing labour cost. The optimum labour output level of underground mines was determined from a mining, services and engineering perspective and the GAP (or production output potential compared to the current output levels) was established.
One of the main objectives was the determination of the existing labour supply GAP, and thus the requirements to fill this GAP. For this purpose, specific checklists were designed to capture all the relevant information. Site personnel were involved throughout the entire process to ensure ownership of the new model. This buy-in was achieved through planning workshops, interactive presentations and discussions. Between the different operations the GAP ranged between an oversupply of labour by 5%, and a 5% undersupply below the optimum potential. The improved frequency of daily bJasts validated the correct amount and mix of the labour force.
Reef deposits are not replaceable and it is in the interest of all stakeholders to extract every portion in the most efficient manner. Mines require vast amounts of capital and with risks, like fluctuating metal prices, exchange rates, rising costs, labour unrest and geological uncertainties, it is important to have optimum labour planning model and labour management systems in place. The new model has been successfully implemented in RPM with the benefits described above.<br>Thesis (M. Ing. (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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Gyogluu, Sarah. "Planning and development of mining towns in Ghana: an exploration of mining and urban development frameworks and practices." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1446.
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Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
Master of Technology: Town and Regional Planning
in the Faculty of Informatics and Design
at the Cape Peninsula University Of Technology
2013<br>Ghana has had a long history of mining especially with respect to gold, dating back to the Trans-Saharan Trade where gold precipitated civilisations and was a main commodity of trade among Europeans, merchants and ancient kingdoms. In the 21st century, globalisation coupled with increasing urbanisation has been driving demand for mineral resources and thus the resurging commodity booms. This increases foreign direct investment (FDI) in mining countries like Ghana resulting in not only growth in gross domestic product (GDP) but impacts that transcend macro-level and have direct and indirect impacts on communities in mining regions. The result is often that livelihoods are altered, spin-offs on the local economy emerge and the attendant settlement functions impact on the efficacy of existing mining and development planning and regulatory frameworks. Tarkwa is one of Ghana’s traditional gold mining towns and is the substantive context of the research.
The main objectives of the research were:
To identify the existing key mining and development planning regulations, gaps present and how these have impacted on the efficacy of governments management practices in responding to consequences of mining-led development.
To analyse the urban household’s perceptions of mining impacts on livelihoods, business enterprises and livelihood coping strategies and mechanisms.
To assess the implications of these emerging planning and development frameworks and trends for the effective planning and development of mining towns in Ghana
The highlights of the findings of the research in relation to the above objectives included:
The research revealed that urban households’ perception of mining on their livelihoods was mixed. One of the perceived negative impacts of mining that stuck out from overall responses was scarcity of land for purposes of farming and building.
With respect to coping with mining impacts, respondents largely employed a combination of assets to survive the mining environment. However, respondents’ dependence on human capital-that is, their ability to work and generate income underpinned all livelihoods capitals.
Over 96 percent of business enterprises, perceived purchasing power of people and related available or potential market as the most positive spin-off from mining yet. The informal economy was dominant in terms of business enterprise ownership with informal trading as the most principal form of business enterprise in the informal economy.
The research findings have significant meaning within the broad context of mining-led urban development and with implications for theory, the development and planning for resource-driven settlements (practice) and for further research. For example, with regard to development and planning practice, some glaring challenges include the lack of a proper land management system, “superiority” of some institutions (mine houses)in dealing with the Town and Planning Department and Municipal Assembly, lack of effective collaboration between related institutions, gaps in planning legislations make planning near impossible in Tarkwa.
The effect being that Tarkwa is growing (spatially to accommodate businesses and people coming in) but without an effective and responsive development planning system to effectively channel and coordinate this growth so that long term development is sustained.
The study concludes and recommends that, there is need for a rethink in the way mining towns are planned for and developed in Ghana and should include: a review of the Minerals and Mining law (Act 703) to engender more rights and protection to the communities, a constant review of concession and other agreements to reflect a constantly changing world order, institutional collaboration for planning and development, and long term planning which synchronises spatial and economic planning to capture advantages of agglomeration in and around the Tarkwa mining region.
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Watungwa, Ostern. "An investigation into strategy implementation : the case of the Zimbabwe mining development corporation." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95971.
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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to investigate the challenges to effective strategy implementation at the Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation (ZMDC). Strategic planning is argued to have overshadowed the area of actual strategic implementation. Organisations put a lot of effort into drafting good plans, but do not put equal effort into their realisation. It was assumed that there is a big gap between strategic planning and implementation. This is what drove the researcher to go into the field and explore the situation at the ZMDC in greater depth in a bid to bridge the gap through research on the subject matter.
Literature on strategy and strategy implementation was analysed critically. The research was guided by the post-positivism research philosophy. This research paradigm enabled the use of qualitative methods, which facilitated the interaction with respondents. The case study research design was adopted, as the research sought to discover the impediments to strategy implementation and the best way forward in turning the strategies on paper into action.
The major findings were that there indeed were loopholes in strategy implementation at the ZMDC. The challenges to the strategy implementation process at the ZMDC were noted to be poor delegation, lack of training and development, poor ethical values, limited resources, low motivation of employees, poor communication and coordination, lack of control and poor teamwork. The organisation was noted to have deficient communication processes, which contributed to the challenges facing strategy implementation. The findings brought to light the fact that strategic planning starts with the executive management, hence the need for their commitment to owning the entire process of strategic planning and execution. The study revealed limited involvement of staff in the initial stages of developing strategy. In order to enhance the implementation of strategies, it was recommended that motivational leadership at the ZMDC had to be ensured. Leadership, ownership and drive are required to compete effectively and to deliver growth. Management should adopt the „Strategy into Action‟ planning approach, charting a course through performance factors, linking strategic thrusts to projects, as well as departmental and individual activity, with the ultimate goal being to enable the ZMDC to effectively translate strategic goals into results in a clear and inclusive process. To turn strategic desires into action that drives results, the ZMDC leaders need to develop strategic thrusts and broad-based action plans, putting the vision to light, and picturing to everyone what would be viewed as strategic success and what it takes to achieve and measure the desired outcomes.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie navorsing was om ondersoek in te stel na die uitdagings vir doeltreffende strategie-implementering by die Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation (ZMDC). Daar word aangevoer dat strategiese beplanning wesenlike strategiese implementering oorskadu. Organisasies werk hard aan die opstel van goeie planne, maar werk nie ewe hard aan die verwesenliking daarvan nie. Die aanname is gemaak dat daar ʼn groot gaping tussen strategiese beplanning en implementering is. Dit het die navorser aangemoedig om die situasie by ZMDC prakties en op diepgaande wyse te ondersoek ten einde hierdie gaping deur navorsing oor die onderwerp te oorbrug.
Die literatuur oor strategie en strategie-implementering is krities ontleed. Die navorsing is gerig deur ʼn post-positivisme-navorsingsfilosofie. Hierdie navorsingsparadigma het die gebruik van kwalitatiewe metodes moontlik gemaak, wat interaksie met die respondente in die hand gewerk het. ʼn Gevallestudie-navorsingsontwerp is gebruik, aangesien die doel van die navorsing was om die struikelblokke tot strategie-implementering en die beste pad vorentoe om strategie op papier in aksie oor te skakel, te bepaal.
Die vernaamste bevindings was dat daar wel skuiwergate in strategie-implementering by ZMDC is. Die uitdagings rakende die strategie-implementeringsproses by ZMDC is geïdentifiseer as swak delegering, gebrek aan opleiding en ontwikkeling, swak etiese waardes, beperkte hulpbronne, lae motivering van werknemers, swak kommunikasie en koördinering, gebrek aan beheer en swak spanwerk. Daar is gemerk dat die organisasie gebrekkige kommunikasieprosesse het, wat tot die uitdagings vir strategie-implementering bydra. Die bevindings het aan die lig gebring dat strategiese beplanning by die uitvoerende bestuur begin, en dus is hul toewyding tot eienaarskap van die algehele strategiese beplannings- en uitvoeringsproses noodsaaklik. Die studie het beperkte betrokkenheid van personeel by die aanvanklike fases van strategie-ontwikkeling getoon. Ten einde die implementering van strategieë te bevorder, is die aanbeveling om motiveringsleierskap by ZMDC te verseker. Leierskap, eienaarskap en dryfkrag is nodig om doeltreffend mee te ding en te groei. Die bestuur moet die beplanningsbenadering van „Strategie in Aksie‟ aanneem, wat die weg deur prestasiefaktore aantoon en strategiese dryfkragte aan projekte asook aan departementele en individuele aktiwiteit koppel. Die uiteindelike doelwit is om ZMDC in staat te stel om strategiese doelwitte doeltreffend in ʼn duidelike en insluitende proses in resultate om te skakel. Ten einde strategiese strewes in aksie wat resultate lewer om te skakel, moet ZMDC se leiers strategiese dryfkragte en breedgebaseerde aksieplanne ontwikkel, waardeur die visie duidelik gemaak word en almal duidelikheid het oor wat as strategiese sukses beskou word en wat dit verg om die gewenste uitkomste te bereik en te meet.
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Lau, Kam Hong Chloe. "MICE and local economic development in New Zealand defining a role for the Web : [a dissertation [thesis] submitted to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business, 2004]." Full thesis. Abstract, 2004.
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Chen, Tingting. "Optimization routes of planning and implementation in large-scale urban development projects : some learning from France for China." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100101.
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L’idée majeure de cette thèse de Doctorat part d’un regard sur les réalités en Chine. L’objectif majeur de cette thèse est celui d’essayer d’offrir des suggestions pour les villes chinoises à partir de l’expérience française en matière d’aménagement et de mise en œuvre de projets de développement urbain à large échelle. Comprendre le contexte, le mécanisme et la politique d’aménagement urbain au sein des pays développés peut être utile pour mieux répondre aux problèmes dans notre pays et, ainsi, à mieux construire les villes en Chine.D’abord, la dissertation fait une définition sur les concepts de base, le contenu et la structure de travail des projets de développement urbain à large échelle.L’origine des problèmes et les difficultés trouvées dans ce type d’opération seront alors débattues. Ancrée sur une étude empirique, la dissertation analyse quelques projets de développement urbain à large échelle en référence.Dans les sociétés modernes, les aménageurs doivent considérer plusieurs indicateurs d’incertitude dans le développement urbain. Ils doivent également être opérationnels en ce qui concerne la régulation de l’espace et coordonner les enjeux d’intérêt propres au développement urbain à large échelle. La thèse repère un cadre théorique de base selon ces trois aspects et travaille sur les moyens que les projets de développement urbain à large échelle en France mènent vis-à-vis de tous ces enjeux. Au travers de trois conduites qui sont la reforme du zoning et les droits du sol, une régulation plus stricte de l’espace urbain et une nette amélioration du cadre de coordination, l’aménagement et la mise en œuvre de ce type d’opération en France ont été optimisés. Au travers de réformes, de quelques modifications et améliorations, plusieurs projets français ont bien réussi à aboutir aux objectifs du plan. Les conséquences sociales, économiques et environnementales ont été également bien cadrées. Les Plans Locaux d’Urbanisme (PLU) ont été étudiés pour la reforme de la politique d’usage des sols. Le cahier des charges et le rôle de l'architecte Coordinateur ont été analysés pour la régulation des espaces urbains. Les ZAC, les SEM (Société d’Economie Mixte) et la participation institutionnelle ont été étudiées en terme de coordination d’institution. En partant d’une étude comparative entre la situation en Chine et l’expérience réussie en France, des suggestions ont été proposées pour optimiser les projets de développement urbain de large échelle en Chine. Les trois conduites d’optimisation sont bien connectées, ce qui signifie qu’ils ont une influence directe sur la construction urbaine. Une conduite isolée ne peut pas résoudre les défis. Ainsi, la dissertation suggère un ensemble de conduites d’optimisation pour les grands projets de développement urbain en Chine. La réforme de l’aménagement urbain et la mise-en-place institutionnelle devraient perfectionner les plans d’usage des sols, la régulation de l’espace urbain et les mécanismes de coordination dans son ensemble. L’aménagement urbain et le système de management devraient être orientés vers un perfectionnement intégré<br>The main ideas of this thesis come from realities in China. The main objective ofthis thesis is trying to offer some suggestions for cities in China by learning fromFrance, on the topic of planning and implementation of large-scale urbandevelopment projects. Understanding the background, mechanism and policy ofurban planning in developed countries may help to cope with problems in ourcountry and then to better construct Chinese cities. Firstly, the dissertation defines the basic concepts, contents and framework of large-scale urban development projects. The origin of problems and difficulties in large-scale urban development projects is then discussed. Based on empirical study, the dissertation analyzes some typical large-scale urban development projects in France and then evaluates them. In modern society, planners should consider many uncertain indicators in urban development. They should also be effective in regulation of space and coordinate conflict of interests in large-scale urban development. The dissertation raises a basic theoritical framework in those three aspects and explores how French largescale urban development projects cope with these challenges. By three optimizing routes which are reforming of land-use planning, strengthen regulation of urban space and improvement of coordination mechanism, the planning and implementation of large-scale urban development project in France have been optimized. By continuous reforming, adjustment and improvement, many French large-scale urban development projects successfully finished the planning objectives. The social, economic and environment effects have also been well embodied.PLU (Plans Locaux d’Urbanisme) has been studied for the reform of land-use planning. Le "cahier des charges "and the role of the "Architect Coordinateur" have been analyzed for the regulation of urban space. ZAC (Zone d’Aménagement Concerte), SEM (Société d’Ecoonomie Mixte) and public participation institution have been studied in aspect of coordination institution. Based on comparativestudy of situation in China and successful experience in France, suggestionshave been made for optimizing Chinese large-scale urban development projects.The three optimizing routes are connected tightly, which means they influencethe course of urban construction together. Isolated route could not solve theproblems. Therefore, the dissertation suggests an ensemble optimizing route inChinese large-scale urban development projects. The reform of urban planningand implementation institution should improve land-use planning, regulation ofurban space and coordination mechanism all together. The urban planning andmanagement system should be in a direction of integrative improvement
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Knight, Nancy. "Mega-project planning and economic welfare : a case study of British Columbia's North East Coal Project." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30847.
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This research investigates the characteristics of natural resource mega-project planning processes. The implications of staple theory and selected characteristics of natural resource mega-projects are used to construct eleven characteristics of such planning processes. Staple theory suggests that optimistic expectations will be a fundamental characteristic of resource development planning in Canada, and that the state's role will be to facilitate, rather than evaluate, staple production. The size, complexity, visibility, and meaning of mega-projects may create momentum around them that weakens rational analysis and stampedes the planning process. Overall, the planning process may focus on narrow, technical issues concerned with constraints facing the mega-project. Alternatives may not be considered, overly optimistic expectations may not be checked, and risk and uncertainty may be inadequately addressed.
These proposed planning process characteristics are investigated in a case study of British Columbia's North East Coal Project (NECP). The institutional structure of the planning and implementing organizations are investigated, and the major planning issues are identified. The expectations generated within the planning process regarding the mega-project's contribution to regional economic growth and development, and its economic viability are reviewed, and then evaluated by comparing them to information available at the time from sources within the planning process and from sources outside the planning process, and to actual outcomes.
The case study findings support many of the eleven proposed characteristics of natural resource mega-project planning processes. The NECP's public planning process focused on identifying and overcoming constraints that would prevent the mega-project proceeding, and on minimizing the costs of the public sector's infrastructure responsibilities in the mega-project. The terms of reference for the various Sub-Committees requested analyses of constraints in most cases. The absence of a Regional Development Sub-Committee in the organization of the planning task force suggests that longer term planning issues were not perceived to be as important as the infrastructure issues. Sixty percent of the official public planning budget was allocated to transportation and townsite studies. The mandate, structure and operations of the government's implementing organization focused on controlling project costs. Finally, the benefit-cost analysis of the mega-project did not consider any alternatives to the NECP.
The expectations regarding the NECP's contribution to regional economic growth and development were overly optimistic given the information available at the time, and far exceed the actual outcomes to date. The NECP stabilized the South Peace region during the recession of the early 1980s, and produced some growth in employment, population, and income levels. Also, education levels increased and some entrepreneurial development occurred. However, the mega-project did not alleviate the unemployment situation in the region, did not improve the distribution of income, and it did not diversify the regional economic structure. Despite the early planning emphasis given to the opportunities that the NECP could provide to members of regional target groups such as Natives and women, few individuals from these groups obtained mining employment. In 1986, most of the direct economic benefits associated with the NECP, such as the new employment opportunities, high incomes, and training opportunities, had been captured by in-migrants to the region.
The expectations regarding the NECP's economic viability were also overly optimistic given information available at the time. The possibility of capital cost overruns were not considered despite ample indication that they were highly probable. Continuing high prices were assumed despite historical evidence that periods of high prices had been consistently followed by sustained periods of low prices, and expert advice that structural forces would contribute to a continual decline in the Japanese demand for metallurgical coal. The pre-project analysis projected that the NECP's net present value would be $464 million (1980$C), but the ex post analysis suggests that the NECP will generate $955 million (1980$C) in net economic losses for the Canadian economy.
The overly optimistic expectations regarding the NECP's economic viability were formed early in the planning process and were based on a period of enormous increases in metallurgical coal prices. As market conditions changed, the group within the planning task force responsible for the NECP's economic evaluation lowered their expectations, but their concerns were apparently insufficient to counter the momentum that had been established around the NECP. This momentum was reinforced by the meaning attached to the NECP, which was portrayed as a fundamental component of BC's economic development strategy.
Risk and uncertainty were inadequately addressed within the planning process and within the technical analyses of this mega-project's regional economic impacts and economic viability. No sensitivity analyses were completed in the analysis of the NECP's regional economic impacts. The sensitivity analyses in the pre-project benefit-cost analysis all considered positive adjustments to the base case scenario, save one. Problems of geological uncertainty, and the lack of experience of the project proponents in coal mining were ignored.
Mega-project planning processes must be carefully designed to counter the characteristics suggested by this research. At a minimum, a full public review of the mega-project should be conducted before the decision to proceed is taken. Consideration should be given to developing a formal, required mega-project planning process based on the two-tiered structure. The first tier would include a policy assessment addressing broad questions such as alternative regional development strategies. If the outcome of the first tier was a decision to proceed with a mega-project, the second tier would address mega-project planning and regulatory issues such as infrastructure options and impact management strategies.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of<br>Graduate
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Carvelas, Wray Anthony. "The development of a strategic business plan to grow the mining and minerals division of Kellogg Brown & Root into Sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4906.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 1999.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Globally the mining and minerals market is experiencing a decline. With this decline, focus is turning to Africa as an unexplored mineral wealth. In terms of global exploration expenditure, Africa is said to be experiencing the highest percentage growth of any other regional budget.
The Halliburton company is reputed to be the premier source for the engineering and construction of refineries, chemical plants, and pipelines along with office buildings, infrastructure systems, government facilities, and much more. The South African office has recently established a mining and minerals division, which has experienced certain measures of success, however, a failure of the division appears to be the total lack of a
significant growth strategy. This has resulted in the division becoming a one-client business.
The Sub-Saharan market is characterised by unique challenges, which require a strong culture aligned with its market environment, strategic choice and distinctive competencies to be successful in the market. The purpose of this study project is primarily to make a contribution to the formulation of strategic direction in order to obtain practical implementation guidelines given the unique opportunities and challenges presented in this market.
The formulation of the strategy for the mining and minerals business unit is achieved firstly be analysing the Sub-Saharan market, the dominant economic traits, and conducting a full industry and competitive analysis. Secondly, organisation situation analysis of Kellogg Brown & Root is conducted in order to assess the competitive positioning of the firm and distinct capabilities that the firm possesses, and those necessary for success in the market.
This will include conducting an analysis of the internal strengths and weaknesses, of the company, and the external opportunities and threats facing the company.
From the analyses conducted, strategic challenges are identified and suggestions are made to address these challenges. A strategic intent is proposed together with a mission statement, and a strategic and financial statement of objectives is developed. These statements of intent are not intended to prescribe to the firm and it's employees what the
strategic approach should be, but to form the basis of further discussions and research and should not give way to misleading and unwarranted interpretations.
The strategy formulated is superimposed onto the corporate strategy and no major discordance is evident.
From the analyses conducted and strategy formulation process, suggestions are made that could provide manageable guidelines for the final implementation of the strategic business plan for the minerals division.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tans word 'n afname in die mynbou en minerale mark wêreldwyd ondervind. As gevolg van hierdie afname het die fokus na Afrika as 'n onverkende minerale rykdom verskuif. In terme van wêreldwye eksplorasie besteding, word beweer dat Afrika die hoogste persentasie groei ten opsigte van enige ander streeksbegroting ondervind.
Die Halliburton maatskappy word beskou as 'n vername bron vir die ontwikkeling en konstruksie van raffinaderye, chemiese aanlegte, pyplyne, geassosieerde kantoor geboue, infrastrukture, regerings fasiliteite en vele meer. Die Suid Afrikaanse kantoor het onlangs 'n mynwese en minerale afdeling op die been gebring wat al 'n mate van sukses ondervind het. Dit wil egter voorkom asof 'n tekortkoming van die afdeling 'n gebrek aan 'n
doelgerigte groei strategie is. Dit het tot gevolg gehad dat die afdeling tot 'n een-kliënt-saak verval het.
Die Sub-Sahara mark word gekenmerk deur unieke uitdagings wat 'n sterk kultuur inlyn met die mark omgewing, strategiese keuses en relevante bevoegdhede verg om suksesvol in die mark te wees. Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie is om 'n bydrae te maak tot die formulering van 'n strategiese koers met die doel om praktiese implementerings riglyne daar te stel, met inagneming van die unieke geleenthede en uitdagings wat in die mark
bestaan.
Die formulering van 'n strategie vir die mynwese en minerale besigheidsektor word eerstens verkry deur 'n analise van die Sub-Sahara mark, dominerende ekonomiese eienskappe en 'n ontleding van die industriele en mededingende omgewing. Tweedens word 'n organisaie situasie analise van Kellogg Brown & Root uitgevoer om die kompeterings posisie, huidige kenmerkende bekwaamhede en die wat benodig word vir sukses in die mark, van die maatskappy vas te stel. Dit sluit 'n ontleding van die interne swak en sterk punte van die maatskappy, asook die eksterne geleenthede en bedreigings vir die maatskappy in.
Vanuit hierdie analise word strategiese uitdagings geidentifiseer en word voorstelle gemaak om hierdie uitdagings aan te spreek. 'n Strategiese oogmerk, tesame met 'n doelwitstelling word voorgestel, en 'n strategiese en finansiele doelstelling word ontwikkel. Die doel van hierdie studie projek is nie om aan die maatskappy en sy werknemers 'n strategiese benadering voor te skryf nie, maar om die basis te vorm vir verdere bespreking en navorsing. Die studie moet nie aanleiding gee tot verkeerde en misleidende vertolkings
nie.
Die geformuleerde strategie is ook met die huidige korporatiewe strategie vergelyk en geen noemenswaardige verskille is ooglopend nie.
Vanuit die analise en die strategiese formuleringsproses word praktiese riglyne voorgestel vir die implementering van die strategiese besigheidsplan vir die mynwese en minerale afdeling.
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UGWOKE, BLESSING ONYECHE. "The Integrated Rural Renewable and Sustainable Energy Planning Framework for Low-Income Countries: A Nigerian case study." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2907016.
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Cooper, S. M. "Computer aided mine surveying and planning." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381205.
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Janssen, Edwin, Selene Kfoury, and Rutger Verkouw. "Mind the Gap! Strategically Driving GRI Reporting Towards Sustainability." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2438.
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Sustainability reporting is a vital tool to communicate an organisation’s sustainability performance to stakeholders. Sustainability reporting also allows an organisation to communicate its vision, goals and strategic plans. In order to be strategic towards sustainability, an organisation should have a vision of where it wants to go, and assess where it is today, so as to take the right initiatives towards its vision. This thesis focuses on how GRI sustainability reporting and strategic planning towards sustainability can be combined in an integrated process to help organisations move towards sustainability. The Integrated Process allows an organisation to gain a better understanding of its sustainability context; design resilient strategies in light of that context using a backcasting from Sustainability Principles approach; and report its sustainability performance and progress in bridging the gap towards sustainability, transparently to internal and external stakeholders.<br><p>Edwin Janssen +31626078987 Rutger Verkouw +31624155241 Selene Kfoury +551138138481</p>
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Watson, Ingrid. "De Beers, diamonds and Angola : developing an understanding of the role of sustainable development and corporate citizenship in De Beers' exploration strategy /." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/330.
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Anderson, J. Michael. "Open pit mine planning using simulated gold grades." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0016/MQ54442.pdf.
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Williams, C. T. P. "Ore estimation and mine planning at Panasqueira, Portugal." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37897.
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Morin, Mario. "Underground hardrock mine design and planning, a system's perspective." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ63440.pdf.
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Alderson, J. S. "Application of computer graphics to mine surveying and planning." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371266.
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Jones, T. M. "The application of controlled recirculation to mine ventilation planning." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378769.
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Mireku-Gyimah, Daniel. "Computer-aided mine design and planning at Panasqueira, Portugal." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47183.
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Collins, Benjamin C. "Mine closure planning with First Nations communities : the Stk'emlupsemc te Secwepemc Nation and the New Afton Mine." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54759.
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The goal of this research is to understand how the traditional knowledge of the Stk’emlupsemc te Secwepemc Nation can be used to improve reclamation and closure planning of the New Afton mine. Furthermore, this research will provide insight into consultation with First Nation communities for closure and reclamation planning. The New Afton Mine site, located ten kilometers west of Kamloops, BC is on the traditional territory of the Tk’emlúps te Secwepemc and Skeetchestn Indian Bands. The application of traditional knowledge for closure is a relatively new field. As such, the application of the findings of this research are at a conceptual level. Interviews with traditional knowledge keepers were conducted to understand the relationship between plant life, wildlife, water sources and the traditional use pattern in the area. Site visits to both the Stk’emlupsemc te Secwepemc Nation and New Afton Mine site have taken place during this research study. Visits to the New Afton property focused on determining and understanding the different areas of disturbance. Visits with the Stk’emlupsemc te Secwepemc members were aimed at engaging, recognizing, and understanding their objectives for the long term post-closure use of the mine site. This research found an extremely strong connection between the community’s culture and natural environment. In addition, hunting, fishing, medicinal and nutritional plant gathering were considered as the key traditional land uses in the area. The New Afton Mine was known as an old stop-over ground for travelers in the region. Concerns relating to the impacts of tailings and possible contaminants to the environment (water, wildlife and plant life) were indicated. Reclaiming the land to a natural state was outlined as the most desirable outcome for closure. The technical constraints of the property were also discussed (subsidence zones, semi-arid conditions, etc.) and how the property, considered as a brownfield development, impacts the closure and reclamation outcomes. Finally, through the interviews and field notes, it was found that successful consultation and collaboration with First Nations communities requires: respect and understanding of the community’s culture and history, well established trust, and an ability to be flexible to the needs of the community.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Mining Engineering, Keevil Institute of<br>Graduate
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Sridhar, Chaluvadi K. "A CAD approach to optimize underground mine design and planning." Ohio : Ohio University, 1986. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1183146777.
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Chakraborty, Amal. "An integrated computer simulator for surface mine planning and design." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90920.
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In the increasingly competitive coal market, it is becoming more important for coal operators to develop mathematical models for surface mining which can estimate mining costs before the actual mining begins. The problem becomes even more acute with the new reclamation laws, as they affect surface coal mining methods, productivity, and costs.
This study presents a computer simulator for a mountaintop removal type of surface mining operation. It will permit users to compare the costs associated with different overburden handling and reclamation plans. It may be used to minimize productivity losses, and, perhaps, to increase productivity and consequently to reduce operating costs through design and implementation of modified mountain top removal methods.<br>M.S.
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Clarke, Michael P. "A decision support system for strip mine design." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279918.
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Lanke, Amol. "Mine Production Assurance Program- Development and Application." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Drift, underhåll och akustik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-61123.
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ssuring production forms a crucial part of mining business profitability. Factors related to various mine operations, activities and business processes can threaten required/planned mine production. To address problems and ensure production level in mining, it is necessary to implement a mine production assurance program (MPA). In order to propose a guideline and its component, this study started by reviewing four such techniques used in process industries. Comparing the tools, techniques and focus with mining productivity and production factors, it was observed that applicability of these methods for mining is limited due to lack of focus on equipment focus, cost focus and other parameters. Similarity of objectives and requirements of equipment focus lead to conclusion that PAP from oil and gas industry seems to be method which can guide MPA.\parAs a basis of MPA, an index is required to create a clear relationship between different situations which can occur in mining operation and production loss. A literature review on mining productivity improvement methods shows availability, utilisation and production performance of equipment are the key factors in determining overall production. A single index applicable for chain operation in mining is needed. A Mine Production index (MPi) is thus proposed. This index involves all three parameters for equipment productivity mentioned above. Weights associated with MPi calculation for bottleneck equipment can point out critical factors in equipment operation. Once bottleneck equipment and relevant critical factors are known, further analysis can be carried out to determine the possible causes of production loss. By using MPi for machine operations, it is possible to rank machines in terms of production effectiveness. When the study applied MPi to chain operations in a mining case study, a crusher was determined as bottleneck equipment.\parMining operation is heavily influenced by internal and external uncertainties. Operational uncertainties related to equipment includes its key factors leading to production i.e. availability, utilisation and performance. These factors are in turn dependent upon downtime, idle time, rated capacities. External parameters related to weather are based upon location of mining operation. Influence of these factors on production volume, could be used for better decision making during mining operations optimization. To effectively propose a method for correlating internal and external parameters with production volume, case studies in an open pit mine were conducted. During these case studies a multi-regression modelling methodology is used. It was found that at system level availability is important criteria for increasing production. At level of shovel and truck fleet, availability and utilisation are most important characteristics to be focused for reduction in production uncertainty. Environmental factors are although correlate to less variation in production volume compared to operational factors. Amongst considered environmental factors snowfall is highly influencing followed by rainfall. At system level use of maximum capacities of equipment and availability are key point for increasing production. Based on analysis of internal operational factors, it was concluded that capacity of shovel and trucks is underutilised. For shovels availability and idle time are influential factors. For trucks utilisation is highly correlated to production volume generated. Analysis of environmental factors concluded that, period of zero snowfall and rainfall are perfect condition for equipment production increase. Period when either snowfall or rainfall stabilisation are also equivalent to achieve higher production. Although these production levels are significantly less than period without snow and rain
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Sontamino, Phongpat. "Decision support system of coal mine planning using system dynamics model." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-159919.
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Coal is a fossil fuel mineral, which is presently a major source of electricity and energy to industries. From past to present, there are many coal reserves around the world and large scale coal mining operates in various areas such as the USA, Russia, China, Australia, India, and Germany, etc. Thailand’s coal resources can be found in many areas; there are lignite mining in the north of Thailand, the currently operational Mae Moh Lignite Mine, and also coal reserves in the south of Thailand, such as Krabi and Songkhla, where mines are not yet operating. The main consumption of coal is in electricity production, which increases annually. In 2019, the Thai Government and Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) plans to run a 800 MW coal power plant at Krabi, which may run on imported coal, despite there being reserves of lignite at Krabi; the use of domestic coal is a last option because of social and environmental concerns about the effects of coal mining. There is a modern trend in mining projects, the responsibility of mining should cover not only the mining activity, but the social and environmental protection and mine closure activities which follow. Thus, the costs and decisions taken on by the mining company are increasingly complicated.
To reach a decision on investment in a mining project is not easy; it is a complex process in which all variables are connected. Particularly, the responsibility of coal mining companies to society and the environment is a new topic. Thus, a tool to help to recognize and generate information for decision making is in demand and very important. In this thesis, the system dynamics model of coal mine planning is made by using Vensim Software and specifically designed to encompass many variables during the period of mining activity until the mine closure period. The decisions use economic criteria such as Net Present Value (NPV), Net Cash Flow (NCF), Payback Period (PP), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR), etc.
Consequently, the development of the decision support system of coal mine planning as a tool is proposed. The model structure covers the coal mining area from mine reserves to mine closure. It is a fast and flexible tool to perform sensitivity analysis, and to determine an optimum solution. The model results are clear and easily understandable on whether to accept or reject the coal mine project, which helps coal mining companies make the right decisions on their policies, economics, and the planning of new coal mining projects.
Furthermore, the model is used to analyse the case study of the Krabi coal-fired power plant in Thailand, which may possibly use the domestic lignite at Krabi. The scenario simulations clearly show some potential for the use of the domestic lignite. However, the detailed analysis of the Krabi Lignite Mine Project case shows the high possible risks of this project, and that this project is currently not feasible. Thus, the model helps to understand and confirm that the use of domestic lignite in Krabi for the Krabi Coal Power Plant Project is not suitable at this time. Therefore, the best choice is imported coal from other countries for supporting the Krabi Coal Power Plant Project.
Finally, this tool successfully is a portable application software, which does not need to be installed on a computer, but can run directly in a folder of the existing application. Furthermore, it supports all versions of Windows OS.
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Farrelly, Christopher Terence. "Risk quantificaiton in ore reserve estimation and open pit mine planning /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16453.pdf.
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Mai, Ngoc Luan. "A New Mine Planning Methodology using Topcone Algorithm and Mathematical Programming." Thesis, Curtin University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/59006.
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The PhD study focuses on developing new optimisation models for the open pit mine planning and production scheduling using TopCone Algorithm and mathematical programming techniques. Specifically, TopCone Algorithm is a new block aggregation algorithm formulated to significantly reduce the scale of data fed into downstream mathematical programming-based production scheduling models. In addition, geological uncertainty of mineral deposits is integrated into the optimisation process to minimise its impact on meeting production targets.
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Moreby, R. G. "Planning and control of the environment in multi-level, narrow lode mines." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379261.
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Matthäus, Antje, and Markus Dammers. "Computational underground short-term mine planning: the importance of real-time data." Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-231345.
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Short-term mine plans are the key operational basis for ore production targets ranging from shift to weekly or monthly targets. Short-term plans cover detailed operational subprocesses such as development, extraction and backfill schedules as well as materials handling and blending processes. The aim is to make long-term goals feasible by providing a constant plant feed that complies with quality constraints. Short-term mine planning highly depends on the accuracy of the resource model as well as the current production status and equipment fleet. Most of these parameters are characterized by uncertainties due to a lack of information and equipment reliability. At the same time, concentrate production and quality must be kept within acceptable ranges to ensure productivity and economic viability of the operation.
Within the EU-funded Real-Time Mining project, the reduction of uncertainty in mine planning is carried by using real-time data. Ore and rock characteristics of active faces and equipment data are iteratively integrated in a simulation-based optimization tool. Therefore, predicted processing plant efficiencies can be met by delivering constant ore grades. Hence, a constant concentrate quality is ensured and long-term targets can be fulfilled. Consequently, a more reliable exploitation plan of the mineral reserve is facilitated.
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Matthäus, Antje, and Markus Dammers. "Computational underground short-term mine planning: the importance of real-time data." TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 2017. https://tubaf.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23194.
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Short-term mine plans are the key operational basis for ore production targets ranging from shift to weekly or monthly targets. Short-term plans cover detailed operational subprocesses such as development, extraction and backfill schedules as well as materials handling and blending processes. The aim is to make long-term goals feasible by providing a constant plant feed that complies with quality constraints. Short-term mine planning highly depends on the accuracy of the resource model as well as the current production status and equipment fleet. Most of these parameters are characterized by uncertainties due to a lack of information and equipment reliability. At the same time, concentrate production and quality must be kept within acceptable ranges to ensure productivity and economic viability of the operation.
Within the EU-funded Real-Time Mining project, the reduction of uncertainty in mine planning is carried by using real-time data. Ore and rock characteristics of active faces and equipment data are iteratively integrated in a simulation-based optimization tool. Therefore, predicted processing plant efficiencies can be met by delivering constant ore grades. Hence, a constant concentrate quality is ensured and long-term targets can be fulfilled. Consequently, a more reliable exploitation plan of the mineral reserve is facilitated.
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Wirstam, Hans. "A probabilistic decision model for ore charcterization and mine planning : Ramp location." Licentiate thesis, Luleå, 1990. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-25663.
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Reyes, Jara Manuel Rolando. "Operative mine planning, design and geological modeling: Integration based on topological representations." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/146660.
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Doctor en Ingeniería de Minas<br>Scientific and engineering efforts in mine planning theory are focused on improving the speed and size capacity of existing algorithms. They look for changing from minutes to seconds, and hundreds of thousands to million blocks of an ore body representation. However, mining practices are so full of manual work and personal decisions, that algorithmic solutions are changed considerably by the mine planner, lasting weeks in this process to achieve operative final results.
This thesis proposes a different point of view, joining some of such hand work decisions, like design and ore body modeling.
The developed work concentrates on parametric representations of mine design and an ore body model, through volumes and morphological tools, optimized by simulated annealing. It is shown that it is possible to model and optimize a final open pit, with road, benches and switch-backs design and to fit an ore body with parametric volumes, which include geological knowledge.
The principal applications of such results are: mine design could be obtained in minutes instead of weeks, the project value will not change because of handmade decisions, mine operation and geological units will have a common language through parametric volumes, geostatistical predictions will depend on geological knowledge and fitted data, geological uncertainty would be modeled from parameter stochasticity, so stochastic optimization could be implemented from simulations. In fact, mine planning algorithm inputs would no longer be a block model, but directly drill hole data.
Despite that some numeral examples were developed, real cases were not the scope of this thesis work. The value of this work concentrates on proposing ideas and a new field of investigation in mine planning, focused on more realistic mining needs and bringing different tools, as those that until today were the paradigm, and trying to join professional areas that work separately.
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Leedal, John Matthew. "The nature and evolution of consultation and participation for opencast coal mine planning." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312737.
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Van, Greunen George. "Crafting and executing : an operational strategic plan for styldrift mine technical services." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97288.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A sound strategic approach to the management of the Mine Technical Services (MTS) department
at Styldrift is critical. There are numerous areas of influence that play a role in the success or
failure of the department. All these influences have an impact on each other and these influences
need to be carefully understood. Within the MTS department there are also several subdepartments
that have to be staffed, equipped and managed very well in order to get the best
interdependent relationship between departments as possible. It is only through this
interdependent relationship that the department can function complementarily and excel in
achieving its strategic goals.
Mineral resources at a mine are managed through the services from the mine technical team.
There are few strategic documents in the mineral resource management (MRM) field that provide a
guideline to set up a department successfully. Departments throughout the country operate on
different levels with different standards without the knowledge shared from the one section to the
next. For the purpose of this assignment, some of the ground principles were investigated and
documented to create a link between departments, mines and companies to enable the move
towards operational excellence within the MTS.
Through the application of relevant literature, research was conducted on the industry to determine
best practices. The industry best practices are discussed and referenced to Styldrift Specific. The
strategy and management philosophy were evaluated and are highlighted in this assignment. With
the literature firmly understood and the required direction from the company placed in perspective,
the strategy for the MTS department could be crafted to an extent that it can be executed. Each
department was broken down to manageable elements to understand the functioning of the
department. The fundamental OR requirements were evaluated and are stipulated in this paper.
The MTS department was then dissected through the available theory to guide the process of
crafting and executing the departmental strategy. The journey through to operational excellence
and the fundamental guideline of crafting and executing a strategic plan for an MTS department to
manage mineral resources become clearer as the chapters of the assignment are completed. The
end goal of the project was to have a document that can guide staffing, equipping and
management of the MTS department at Styldrift in order to ensure success for the project, mine
and surrounding communities.
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Haciosmanoglu, Esenay Meryem. "Development Of A Subsidence Model For Cayirhan Coal Mine." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605481/index.pdf.
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In this study, subsidence analyses were carried out for panels B14, B12, B10, B02, C12, C10, C08 of Ç<br>ayirhan Lignite Mine using in-situ subsidence measurements.
Using the measurements from stations, installed both parallel and perpendicular to panel-advance direction, subsidence profiles were plotted as a function of time and distance from panel center. Horizontal displacement and strain curves were also plotted and compared with subsidence profiles.
There are various methods used for subsidence prediction. In this study however, a subsidence model was developed based on empirical model obtained from nonlinear regression analysis. During the analyses SPSS (V.10.0) software was used and the unknown parameters associated with subsidence function were determined for the stations above B14 panel. Since it was too complicated to take all the affecting factors into consideration, only the parameters which could be estimated by statistical evaluation were taken into account during analyses.
One significant contribution of this study to subsidence subject was the comparison of the subsidence values measured during this investigation with the values predicted by some other empirical methods.
In this study, the structural damages to the pylons installed on ground surface above retreating longwall panels were also investigated by the use of previous studies. Slope as well as horizontal strain changes caused by ground movements
due to underground mining were determined.
Last but not least, it should be stated another significant contribution of this study to engineering was the collection of a significant database obtained from field measurements.
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Allison, Jacqueline. "A computer-based mine development and production management game." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28658.
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A model of the sequence of decisions required for mine development and production has been formulated and is operated as a computer-based game. The Mine Manager is an operations research game in which the user assumes the role of mine management in the exploitation of a mineral deposit. Potential applications of the game lie in experimentation, policy formulation and education in mine economics. The Mine Manager is described using the terminology of games.<br>The selection of parameters and of the level of detail in the model reflects a compromise between realism and simplicity. At the development stage, the selection of project specifications concerns the mining method and capacity installation. Decisions on cut-off grade and/or cut-off value, capacity utilization, the sequence of mining, stockpiling and expansion are made during the mine life. Decision making takes place within a framework provided by an abstraction of the operating environment of a mine, and must comply with a set of rules. These rules ensure that only feasible decisions are made. Within this constraint, the model offers a high degree of flexibility in setting the values of the decision variables.<br>The Mine Manager combines elements of geology, mining, management and gaming. Conditional simulation is used to generate grades of copper, zinc and gold in a massive sulphide deposit. Mining operations in both underground and open-pit mines are modelled, and hypothetical capital and operating cost functions are developed for the mine and mill. A pricing model generates new price series for each run of the game.<br>The Mine Manager is operated interactively on a microcomputer through the use of modular software. The user interface and a sample run of the game are described, and the information displays created by the game are presented.
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Hanskov, Palm Jakob. "Route Planning and Design of Autonomous Underwater Mine Reconnaissance Through Multi-Vehicle Cooperation." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fordonssystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-172015.
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Autonomous underwater vehicles have become a popular countermeasure to naval mines. Saab’s AUV62-MR detects, locates and identifies mine-like objects through three phases. By extracting functionality from the AUV62-MR and placing it on a second vehicle, it is suggested that the second and third phases can be performed in parallel. This thesis investigates how to design the second vehicle so that the runtime of the mine reconnaissance process is minimized. A simulation framework is implemented to simulate the second and third phases of the mine reconnaissance process in order to test various design choices. The vehicle design choices in focus are the size and the route planning of the second vehicle. The route-planning algorithms investigated in this thesis are a nearest neighbour algorithm, a simulated annealing algorithm, an alternating algorithm, a genetic algorithm and a proposed Dubins simulated annealing algorithm. The algorithms are evaluated both in a static environment and in the simulation framework. Two different vehicle sizes are investigated, a small and a large, by evaluating their performances in the simulation framework. This thesis takes into account the limited travelling distance of the vehicle and implements a k-means clustering algorithm to help the route planner determine which mine-like objects can be scanned without exceeding the distance limit. The simulation framework is also used to evaluate whether parallel execution of the second and third phases outperforms the current sequential execution. The performance evaluation shows that a major reduction in runtime can be gained by performing the two phases in parallel. The Dubins simulated annealing algorithm on average produces the shortest paths and is considered the preferred route-planning algorithm according to the performance evaluation. It also indicates that a small vehicle size results in a reduced runtime compared to a larger vehicle.
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Giannini, Luciano Mario. "Optimum design of open pit mines." Thesis, Curtin University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1342.
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A fundamental problem in open pit mine planning is that of determining the optimum ultimate pit limits of the mine. These limits are that pit contour which is the result of extracting a volume of material which maximizes the difference between the value of extracted ore and the total extraction cost of ore and waste whilst satisfying certain practical operational requirements, such as. safe wall slopes. The determination of the optimum pit contour provides information which is essential in the evaluation of the economic potential of the mineral deposit.A number of optimization techniques have been proposed for determining the optimum pit contour. Of these techniques, those based on graph theory, linear programming and dynamic programming are mathematically rigorous, but only those based on graph theory are more suited to solving the three-dimensional problem. Unfortunately, direct application of these techniques to large ore- bodies may cause considerable difficulties because of the exceptionally high demand on computer storage and time requirements. Indeed, 25 years of research effort has not satisfactorily resolved these computational problems.A major contribution of the work presented in this thesis is the successful implementation of a system of techniques to solve the graph theoretic model, particularly when applied to large ore- bodies. A measure of this success is the fact that pits, as much as seven times larger may be designed with a given amount of computer storage, at a fraction of the time required by current software packages. The solution strategy presented involves the application of a modified Dinics Maximum Flow algorithm, together with an efficient data reducing technique. Computational results of these techniques applied on data from gold producing mines in Western Australia are used to demonstrate the success of this strategy.The relationships between the rigorous pit optimization techniques are also considered in this work. In particular, the Lerchs-Grossman graph-theoret ic method is shown to be stepwise equivalent to a modified version of the Dual-Simplex Linear Programming technique and not as efficient as the Network Flow method.
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Conocimiento, Dirección de Gestión del. "Tourism Planning & Development." Taylor & Francis Group, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655395.
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Sethi, Manas Ranjan. "Risk based mine planning price uncertainty." Thesis, 2012. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/3338/1/RISK_BASED_MINE_PLANNING_ACCOUNTING_PRICE_UNCERTANITY.pdf.
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Production scheduling of an open pit mine is a process of assigning mining blocks to different production periods so that the total profit from the mine can be maximized over the life of the mine. Long term mine plans are based on a single price value, but by the time development is put in place, production plan may have been proved wrong and production plan may not achieve the desired objective. So, the production plan is changed again which results in inefficient use of capital with low returns to investors.
The proposed stochastic version of the conventional (deterministic) network flow algorithm is based on the use of multiple simulated realizations of metal selling price uncertainties. In comparison to the conventional pit optimization methods, where only one estimated or average type model of the deposit are used, the use of multiple scenario results in the ability to generate greater risk profiles in terms of metal price for pit design and production scheduling for greater profit making throughout the entire life of mine.
The method is applied for optimizing the annual production scheduling at an Iron ore mine, and compared against a traditional scheduling method using the traditional single “average type” assessment of the mineral resources. In the case study presented here in, the schedule generated using the proposed SIP model resulted in approximately 5% higher NPV than the schedule derived from the traditional approach.
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Visser, Renier. "Mine planning - a study in developing a life of mine plan." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7879.
Full textAbstract:
M.Phil.<br>A research report, such as provided for Kenya Fluorspar, plays an integral part of the life of mine or project and creates a practical plan of running and developing the mine. This research report is used by the client as a practical strategic mine plan, and thus if followed as stipulated, will in the end not only pro-long the life of the mine but will achieve targeted value and tonnes for the specific plant. In many cases the smaller mining companies will attack an ore body and will as is called “pick the eyes out” of that specific ore body, thus mining just the high grade ore, make your money and get out. But if it comes to a mine that needs to pro-long the life of the mine due to community responsibility and the creation of work, then it is of essential value to do a technical strategic planning study on the ore body, creating different scenarios as to mine the ore body with emphasis on Life of the mine and in the same breath the economic viability of mining in the chosen scenario. The research report have a look at four different scenarios whereby there are certain constraints applied, and the outcome of the schedules are used to make a calculated decision on the best way of mining this specific ore body. Pit designs have been created from Whittle optimized pitshells which then have been incorporated within the schedules. It has been found that Scenarios 1 and 2 will have some years with very high waste removal, which will be above the current fleet capacity, but the required plant feed and grade would be possible from period one. Scenario 3 have proven that if fleet capacity is the main constraint then steady state of feed to the plant can only be achieved in the 7th year of production, but render no extra fleet requirements. As recommended, Scenario 4 stood to be the best if the acquisition of extra equipment is possible, and then steady state in the plant can be achieved in the 4th year with the lowest production percentage of 84% in the first year.
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Gangawat, J. "Optimization of production planning in underground mining." Thesis, 2014. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/6202/1/E-27.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Use of Integer programming (IP) or mixed integer programming (MIP) for formulation of mine optimization problem is best suited modelling approach for underground mining. Optimization algorithm for underground stope design problems cannot be generalised as geotechnical constraints for each method is different. This project concentrates on optimization model for open stoping mining method. The stope design model maximizes Net cash flow of the stope while adhering to the stope constraints. The methodology considers open stoping sequence, in which every block is moved towards the cross-cuts at the lower level. In this thesis, stopes are designed to maximize the undiscounted cash flow from the stope after satisfying stope height and extraction angle constraints. An integer programming formulation is developed and solved using CPLEX solver for single stope. The proposed algorithm is solved for first stope and then blocks for the crown pillar for first stope is identified. After eliminating the first stope and respective crown pillar data from the data set, algorithm is solved again for the second stope from the remaining data set. After stope design, production scheduling is done by applying heuristic approaches. Blocks from the stopes are extracted heuristically satisfying extracting angle, mining and processing constraints. Initially blocks from the first stope are selected and then to fulfil the constraints, some of the blocks from the second stope are selected. A study is carried out on the part of the Zinc mine data of India which contains 4992 number of blocks. Total 3 numbers of stopes are designed. The NPV of the considered data is found to be 7313.346 million rupees in 3 periods with total tonnage of 1.103 million tonnes. Metal content in 3 periods is found to be 86.485 thousand Tonnes. The overall dilution is found to be 3.82% with average dilution of 2.692%
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McQueen, Donald K., E. C. Wenzel, J. C. Bateman, and B. Hartley. "Integration of mine development planning and reclamation at a plains coal strip mine : the Highvale Mine experience." 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12583.
Full textAbstract:
The Highvale Mine is located in Central Alberta, 65 km west of Edmonton. It is
the largest of several coal strip mines operating in agricultural areas of Alberta.
Government guidelines require that mined land be returned to a capability equivalent to
or better than that which existed before mining.
Mine development planning, driven primarily by the economic extraction of coal,
must also incorporate the goal of satisfactory reclamation. Satisfactory reclamation can
only be achieved where land capability objectives are clearly stated along with the system
by which it is measured.
Planning at the Highvale Mine incorporates an assessment of premine capability
in order to establish targets for the reclaimed landscape. To achieve these capability
targets significant efforts are made in preparing soil material handling plans which achieve
the dual goals of economic extraction of coal, and return of mined land to an acceptable
capability. Optimization of soil handling, especially through reduction of soil transport or
storage, has been effectively integrated into mine development plans with the use of a
geographic information system.
Current research into alternative methods of salvage combined with continued
assessment of the suitability of overburden material points to success.
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Kumar, A. "Production scheduling and mine fleet assignment using integer programming." Thesis, 2014. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/6077/1/E-201.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Production Scheduling, extraction sequence of mining blocks in different production periods to maximize profit over the life of the mine and subjected to different constraints, is an important aspect of any mining activity. Mine production scheduling problem can be solved using various approaches, but the best approach is one which can give an optimal result. Production scheduling solely cannot result in a proper planning thus, fleet assignment problem needs to be incorporated into production scheduling problem to have a realistic mine plan. Proper fleet assignment ensures that the fleet is not under or over utilized. Fleet assignment problem is integer type programming since, size of fleet cannot be a floating number. In this thesis, production scheduling and fleet assignment problem are solved using branch and cut algorithm. Production schedule for 4736 blocks from a case study of coal mine is done with a production period of 5 years. Solution time for solving the production scheduling problem was 48.14 hours with an NPV value of Rs 4.45938x1011. Short terms production scheduling is done for one year and the NPV value obtained was Rs 7.59796x1010 with a solution time of 57.539 minutes. Fleet assignment is done for first year and is observed that the size of dumper fleet can be reduced to 30 thus saving huge amount of initial capital investment.
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Nandan, Seethiraju Eswar. "Performance Assessment of Surface Miner in Indian Coal Mines." Thesis, 2015. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/6828/2/PERFORMANCE_Nandan_2015.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Over the past few decades, opencast coal mining in India has become more prevalent than underground mining, this is mainly because of rising demand for coal. So, in order to fulfil this rising demand, application of larger equipment’s (Dragline, BWE, Surface-miner etc.) in opencast mines has grown significantly. Surface miner is one such equipment which is becoming more popular day by day because of its application in mines where conventional mining is prohibited or in mines where selective mining is required and it also have advantages like less mineral loss, better mineral recovery and better fragmentation of minerals. Globally in different mines around 300 surface miners of different make and specifications are being used for mining of minerals. In Indian Mines, Surface Miners have been introduced in 1996, so, it is still a relatively new technology. It involves intensive capital investment i.e. its initial cost of deployment is high. In order to compensate its high cost, productivity should be improved so that cost per tonne of production will be low and the mine operates profitably. In order to improve the productivity we need to utilize the surface miner as effectively as possible. Therefore, the precise estimation of equipment effectiveness plays a key role in increasing the productivity. There may be a number of measures available, which are used to indicate performance using different parameters. But, the most commonly used measure to determine performance against ability of the equipment is Overall Equipment Effectiveness which is often referred to as OEE. It uses parameters like availability, performance and quality for the estimation of equipment effectiveness.
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Pai, A. Ashwin. "Development of a Slope Monitoring System With Long Distance Signalling." Thesis, 2018. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/9478/2/2018_MT_216MN1459_APAI_Development.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This work genuinely demonstrates the application of Micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) technology to solve the slope stability problems using 3-Axis Accelerometers. The device developed here is more emphasized as an indicator or a safety warning system for those dangerously high slopes which are found to be unstable in most probable cases. Until now there are a lot of developments in this field of research only to minimise but not to eliminate this problem of uneven and unstable slope stabilities and all these instruments developed are upto a certain stage are reliable but not in a substantial way.To this date, unfortunately there has been no successful development of ideas that can work as a slope monitoring system as detectors or indicators to prevent slope stability. This paper concentrates thoroughly on the continuous monitoring of slope stability by using a3-Axis Accelerometer and the transmission of this data for a long distance normally ranging upto 200-300m wirelessly using the cutting edge technology of X-Bee.So the icing on cake of this work is the slope stability measurement as well as the transmission part which mainly highlights on the safety of the personnel working in mines as well as the property. The other strong point associated with this work is the inexpensive and the efficiency of the device developed. Even the physical hindrances or the climatic variations won’t interrupt the successful working of this device.An array of 3-axis accelerometer is placed on the slope which is found to be unstable and the continuous monitoring of the accel erometer data takes place. The 3-Axis Accelerometer normally outputs the data in the form of gravity (g=9.8m/s2) and the variation happening in X,Y and Z axis are continually monitored. This data is transmitted to a remote location where the operator updates them in regular intervals and any variation or abrupt change in the accelerometer data indicates or warns about the verge of slope stability happening in the particular field of research. The transmission part is done by using the Xbee modules which are efficient in transmitting the data for a distance of nearly 200-300 meter and depending upon the advanced type of the family of these modules,a distance upto 30 kms can be covered .The Xbee modules normally offer the advantage of long peer to peer communication with increased bandwidth and eliminating the drawback of obstacle interference. The 3-Axis Accelerometers normally offer the advantage of having greater sensitivity, so more precise in the movement detection.The device designed and developed here detects the motion of the soil mass of irrespective conditions and 7+the crux of the matter is that the sensor used for soil movements only detects the variation when there is any tilt movement in the soil mass. So this device can be considered to be very superior to the other conventional methods used like tilt meters, inclinometers etc. The device was tested in the laboratory using a mould made in the form of a bench with different compositions of soil placed and the variation in the data whenever a distur bance occurs was observed and analysed. Graphs were plotted and any fluctuation from the normal behaviour of the data were noted and used to indicate the abnormal behaviour of the slope condition.
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Kachhap, S. "Waste Management in Mining and Allied Industries." Thesis, 2010. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/1952/1/Final_Thesis_of_10605036_21st_may.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Waste management is the systematic assessment of potential hazards, disposal and proper utilization of waste in mining and allied industries. Due to waste there is a great environmental concern and resource constraint. These wastes can affect the environment through it intrinsic property. Proper planning is essential to manage the waste. Management indicates managing wastes in such a way that it would be beneficial in any way. In view of associated environmental hazards and their impacts on public health and safety, efforts must be made to minimize waste generation, systematic disposal practices must be followed and sound waste management methodologies need to be adopted.
In mining and steel industry, wastes are generated in every stage of the operations and are required to handle properly. The types of waste generated from both the industries are solid, liquid and gaseous wastes. So, waste management involves solid, liquid and gaseous waste management. Therefore the waste generated can be utilized or can be reused as raw material for other processes if not has to be disposed safely so that it will not affect the environment.
The objective of the waste management in mining and steel industry is to assess the waste disposal techniques used in both the industries as well as their waste management techniques. Field studies have been carried out on waste management in different industries, which include an open-cast limestone and dolomite quarry (BSL) mine, an opencast coal mine ( Basundhara OCP) as well as an underground coal mine (Hirakhand Bundia) of Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL) and Rourkela Steel Plant. In the BSL opencast mines that major waste problem is from the generation of the overburden and dust emission. In open cast coal mines due to high production and high mechanization the volumes of waste generated is more. The waste generated is managed by efficient methods. Solid wastes that are generated in the mines are being efficiently utilized for backfilling and the mine waste water generated is used for fighting fire and used for dust suppression measures. In underground coal mines waste type generated is different, so technique of waste management differs. Depending on the types of various processes to produce steel, diverse amount of wastes are generated in RSP as compared to waste generated from mining industry. In steel industry wastes contain some valuable resource in it, generally for solid waste. These solid wastes generated can be raw material for other process and in many cases can be reused. Water analysis for the R.S.P. and a mine was carried out to ascertain impact of waste generation by the two industries on the quality of the water that has been tested. Similarly soil samples from two different mines were analyzed and their characteristics have been reported.
Water samples of BSL mines and RSP were analyzed. For BSL mine water it was found from the result that concentration of magnesium and ammonia in the water was found to be excess. For RSP water magnesium, ammonia and total hardness of the water was found to be in excess.
It was observed from the field that the mines as well as RSP were lacking somewhere in the waste management practices. Mines pay less attention in waste management as they are much concern with their production of ore or coal. Due to use of outdated technology in the mines management of waste generated is a problem. In steel plant disposal of fly ash was a big problem. The reasons were that their generation was very high as compared to its disposal, as land is a constraint and in other case they were not efficiently utilized.
Waste management scenario in the above industries can be improved by following best practices. These practices are to improve production methods to mitigate all types of waste, exploit the value of waste. There should be implementation of strategies to reuse, recycle and to prevent waste from being harmful and manage waste properly. Regulations should be followed strictly for disposal and management of waste.
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Panda, Nishith. "Uncertainty modeling of ore body and grades using single normal equation simulation and sequential gaussian simulation: an application to an iron ore mine." Thesis, 2013. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/5028/1/109MN0584.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
A conventional, deterministic orebody model would lead to over estimation or under-estimation of the grade, volume and other parameters related to a deposit. This will lead to improper mine planning and thus incur huge financial risk. A proper orebody and grade modeling provide better confidence to mine owners regarding financial decision. However, only using few number of borehole data it is always difficult to come up with such type of accurate decision. Always there are certain amount of risk are associated with the estimation as well as decision. This thesis aims at providing a better risk assessment at minimizing the grade and volumetric uncertainty of the ore body. The multipoint simulation algorithms eliminate the demerits of variogram based geostatistics modeling and preserve multi-point information borrowed from training image. In this thesis, a case study of iron ore deposit from India is performed to analyses the volumetric and grade uncertainty the volumetric and grade uncertainty. Single normal equation simulation (SNESIM), a multi-point categorical simulation algorithm, was performed to measure the volumetric uncertainty of orebody. Ore volume uncertainty was performed by generating. 10 equiprobable orebody simulated models are developed. The grade uncertainty modeling was performed by applying sequential Gaussian simulation (SGM) with orebody model generated by SNESIM algorithm. The result shows that if the training image –based multi-point simulation is applied for ore body modeling, there would have been 7 % increase in volume as compared to traditional method. The grade-tonnage uncertainty reveals that uncertainty-based generates more high grade ores when compared with ordinary kriging method.
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Moharaj, M. C., and Y. Wangmo. "Ore body modelling and comparison of different reserve estimation techniques." Thesis, 2014. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/6193/1/E-31.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Generally, size of the database is too bulky to manage studies with hand effort. Thus, numerical algorithm and mathematical approaches necessitate computer applications to overcome huge computational time and processes. Currently, many computer aided systems and software serve for geological modeling. The accuracy and speed of computers enable evaluation of various scenarios within reasonably short times. Computer systems have proved very essential for mining and geological studies. In this project, SURPAC software has been used for ore reserve estimation. The estimation has been done using three different methods i.e. inverse distance method (power2 and power 3); nearest neighbor method and ordinary krigging method. Keeping all other parameters same, the computational time for all the above techniques were found to be nearly same. Thus, the efficiency of reserve estimation using nearest neighbor and inverse distance methods were compared with the ordinary krigging method as it is known as the best linear unbiased estimation
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Ojha, Somanath. "Coal Handling System-Its Performance Monitoring & Suggestive Measures for Improvements." Thesis, 2015. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/6958/1/2015_Somanath_Mtech(r).pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The coal handling process involves a number of activities from loading and unloading to stockpile. This procedure can be carried out by coal conveying system which includes a large number of mechanical equipment. The important activities under coal handling include loading/unloading, dumping, transporting etc. which are done with the help of various mechanical equipment. Every organization wants to profit as much as possible and increases their production rate by using maximum effort for care and maintain. And it is possible if the equipment is running in good condition with zero breakdowns, zero accident, and zero wastage. This research work presents a practical analysis for monitoring the operational performance of equipment, which shows the two additional objectives: the first one is the identification of major causes of production losses which are born from malfunctions, breakdowns, and bad operating programme. And the second one is the implementation of a suitable and appropriate methodology for improvement of coal handling systems, which handling the coal from bunker to stockyard within an industry. The data are analyzed and compared with World class to Obtained OEE. During the operation, many reasons are there, which affect the production rate called six big losses. To minimize the six big losses and improve productivity, an accurate effective estimation of equipment is necessary and offers a suitable methodology.
For the purpose of the study, a case study methodology is applied in order to analyze in the depth of maintenance in a real context. The primary focus of this research work is to monitor the equipment performance in coal handling plants and its contribution to the company for overall operation. The OEE data are recorded through tables and compared to world class OEE considering the operational losses and also performance reports are briefly analyzed through figures in terms of equipment failures in different locations, idle time for materials, operators and speed loss time for minor stoppages like sensor blocked, cleaning/checking or component jamming. For minimizing the downtime and promote productivity, a suitable methodology is developed through tables for determining the status of coal handling equipment viz. Tippler, Side arm charger, Reversible apron feeder, Belt conveyor system, Stacker, Reclaimer.
This research work deals with the quantitative measurement of equipment performance in coal handling plant, which defines losses for many reasons. As a result, valuable information is provided concerning the performance monitoring of production equipment and implementing a suitable methodology for improvement of coal handling machinery operations viz tippler, side arm charger, reversible apron feeder, belt conveyor, stacker, reclaimer.
Introduce the estimation and evaluation of OEE procedure which is highly valid and accurate performance indicator and has become very popular in all the industries starting from mining area for excavation of material to harbour area for material handling. OEE shows a right metrics to analyze the ordinary issue and improving the whole process. There are many formulas, systems and metrics being used to improve the whole production process, but one and only OEE reduces complex problem into easy. The biggest advantage of OEE allows companies to have separate business functions by applying a single easy to understand the formula. OEE is by far the most effective benchmarking tool in making sound management and maintenance decisions.
The dissertation concludes with a summary of the contribution and the scope of further work.