Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'MIMMS'
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Cato, Denys, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "An examination of the 'all hazards' approach to disaster management as applied to field disaster management and pre-hospital care in Australia." Deakin University. School of Health Sciences, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051017.140738.
Full textEl-Hajjar, Mohammed H. "Near-capacity MIMOs using iterative detection." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/64487/.
Full textBelghiti, Touria. "Synthèse de glycophanes mimes de cyclodextrines." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN10011.
Full textProbin, Jamie. "How ideal is the Mimas-Tethys resonance?" Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367166.
Full textHalie, Delphine. "Synthèse diastéréosélective de mimes du peptide RGD." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05P639.
Full textMoris, Marc-Antoine Schlewer Gilbert. "Synthèse d'analogues de phosphates d'inositol mimes de l'adénophostine." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2006. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/505/01/MORIS2006.pdf.
Full textMoris, Marc-Antoine. "Synthèse d'analogues de phosphates d'inositol mimes de l'adénophostine." Strasbourg 1, 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/MORIS_Marc-Antoine_2006.pdf.
Full textThe aim of this work was the synthesis and the study of the pharmacological properties of adenophostin mimes Ins(1,4,5)P3 analogues. The biological function and targets of Ins(1,4,5)P3 and adenophostin as well as their structure/activity relationships are reported. The therapeutic potential linked to the inositol phosphates cycle is mentioned. The use of a myo-inositol orthoester, inverting the inositol chair conformation, permitted the activation of the position 2 and the introduction of the lateral chains. This work describes an innovative synthetic pathway of adenophostin mimes Ins(1,4,5)P3 analogues possessing a purinylated butylic arm. The pharmacological properties of our analogues are matching those of the Ins(1,4,5)P3. This is more noticeable if we consider the fact that our compounds are racemic. These results support those of previous studies indicating that the position 2 tolerates some substitution, as indicated by the commonly admitted pharmacophore model
Zagiel, Benjamin. "Chimie combinatoire dynamique pour l’identification de mimes de protéines." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS520.
Full textProtein protein interactions (PPI) are therapeutic targets of prime interest but the complexity of their interaction interfaces makes difficult the development of PPIs inhibitors. Peptides display great potential for targeting PPIs but without a defined 3D structure, they usually show no affinity. Constrained peptides with a controlled conformation or scaffolds constitute an effective solution but their design requires a significant comprehension of the protein complex at the epitope scale.This work aims at developing a dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) approach to functionalize peptide scaffolds. This approach allows to generate dynamic libraries thanks to equilibrated reversible reactions between molecular building blocks. These dynamic systems being stimuli-responsive, it is therefore possible to introduce a relevant target to screen them in one step. This thesis presents the design and the synthesis of the building blocks and scaffolds for this DCC strategy. The development of the DCC methodology is then presented in a step by step approach up to an application attempt with heparin as the target. Next, the mass spectrometry method for the analysis of the DCC generated compounds and its setting up is addressed. Finally, the analysis of the peptide scaffolds structure and the influence of their functionalization on it is broached
Manzoor, Suryyia 1984. "Materiais impressos molecularmente (MIMs) : síntese, caracterização e avaliação." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250225.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química
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Resumo: Este trabalho envolveu um estudo elaborado da técnica de impressão molecular para síntese, caracterização e avaliação de materiais impressos molecularmente (MIMs) para fluconazol (FLU), cafeína (CAF) e antocianinas (ACYs). O polímero de impressão molecular para FLU (FLUMIP) foi sintetizado utilizando-se ácido metacrílico (monômero funcional), etilenoglicoldimetacrilato (EGDMA) (agente reticulador) e acetonitrila em polimerização térmica. O FLUMIP foi caracterizado e aplicado como sorvente em cartuchos de extração em fase sólida (SPE). Sua capacidade de interação seletiva com o analito foi avaliada, obtendo-se alta afinidade para FLU, em comparação com análogos estruturais, com limite de detecção menor que 1,63X10 mmol/L com cromatografia de ultra alta eficiência acoplada com espectrometria de massas. Este MIP foi usado em cartuchos de SPE para extrair o analito de medicamento em cápsula, com recuperação de 91±10 % (n=9). Outro MIM obtido foi uma sílica organicamente modificada (ORMOSIL) para extração de CAF, a partir da reação de metacrilato de 3- (trimetoxisilil) propila e acetato de vinila, seguindo-se condensação e hidrólise com tetraetilortosilicato usando CAF como molécula modelo. Este ORMOLSIL foi caracterizado e testado quanto à sua eficácia de extrair CAF de amostras de café, com recuperação de 88±5 % (n=9); ele atuou como grupo seletivo com alta porcentagem de recuperação para teofilina (77 %) e teobromina (82 %). Limites de detecção e quantificação 5,14x10 e 1,71x10 mmol/L respectivamente foram obtidos com cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. Também foi sintetizado um MIP usando rutina molécula modelo (RUTMIP), acrilamida (monômero funcional), EGDMA (agente reticulador) e tetraidrofurano por polimerização em bulk. Embora tenha sido alcançada impressão bem sucedida de rutina, confirmada pela comparação de afinidade de RUTMIP em aplicação de SPE (12 vezes maior que afinidade do polímero não impresso), não se alcançou a seletividade esperada para ACYs utilizando o RUTMIP
Abstract: This work involves an elaborative study of molecularly imprinting technique. Keeping in view its robustness and selectivity, this technique was applied for the synthesis of molecularly imprinted materials for the extraction of fluconazole (FLU), caffeine (CAF) and anthocyanins (ACYs). Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for FLU (FLUMIP) was synthesized using methacrylic acid (functional monomer), ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate (crosslinker) and acetonitrile through thermal polymerization. The FLUMIP was characterized and applied as sorbent in solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges. It was then evaluated for its ability to selectively interact with the analyte and presented an apparent affinity for FLU, which was confirmed by comparing it with structural analogues. The application of ultra high performance liquid chromatography with spectrometer mass detection, allowed a limit of detection 1.63x10 mmol/L. Furthermore, the SPE procedure was applied to extract FLU from medicine samples with recovery of 91±10 % (n=9). An organically modified silica (ORMOSIL) for CAF was also synthesized by reacting vinyl acetate and 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate, followed by the condensation and hydrolysis with tetraethyl orthosilicate, using CAF as template molecule. The ORMOSIL was characterized and tested for its efficiency to extract the analyte from coffee samples and the percentage recovery of 88±5 % (n=9) was obtained. The cross reactivity studies for theophylline and theobromine showed high recovery (77 % and 82% respectively). The limit of detection and quantification, 5.14x10 and 1.71x10 mmol/L respectively, were achieved using high performance liquid chromatography. Also, a MIP for ACYs (RUTMIP) was synthesized using rutin (template molecule), EGDMA (cross linker) and tetrahydrofuran by the bulk polymerization method. A successful imprinting of rutin was attained. This can be confirmed by the high affinity of rutin for MIP (12 times greater than non imprinted polymer) during SPE procedure; however, the RUTMIP was not efficient enough to selectively extract ACYs from vegetal extracts
Doutorado
Doutora em Ciências
Hernout, Olivier. "Mimes saccharides d'Inositol Phosphate Glycanne : synthèse et propriétés insulo-mimétiques." Nancy 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN10014.
Full textThat work deals with the synthesis of O- and C-disaccharide analogues of PIG (Phosphate Inositol Glycan) in order to have a better understanding of its role in the signalisation of insulin. Firstly, th synthesis of eight O-disaccharides, in which the aglycon part (lyxose, arabinose and ribose) includes a cyclic phosphate. Secondly, we present th total synthesis in thirteen steps of C-disaccharide which also includes a cyclic phosphate. The biological activity of those compounds on the cellular growth was measured on human colon adenocarcinomae cells and on dermic fibroblasts. The insulino-mimetic effects of those compounds were evaluated on the glucose uptake in adipocytes
Mendes, Maria Anita. "Tecnicas avançadas em espectrometria de massas - MIMS e suas derivadas CT-MIMS : aplicação na analise de compostos organicos volateis em matrizes ambientais." [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/248669.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Doutorado
Bonnet, Romaric. "Synthèse et utilisation de mimes de quadruplexes pour l'évaluation de ligands." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824972.
Full textWade, G. A., C. Neiner, E. Alecian, H. H. Grunhunt, V. Petit, B. Batz, D. A. Bohlender, et al. "The MiMeS Survey of Magnetism in Massive Stars: Introduction and Overview." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2723.
Full textRodrigues, Sheila Silva. "Biologia e sucesso reprodutivo de Mimus saturninus (aves: mimidae) no cerrado." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2009. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/4585.
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O Sabiá-do-campo, Mimus saturninus (Mimidae) é bastante comum em cerrados, campos, pastos com árvores e arbustos esparsos, além de ser freqüentemente observado em ambientes urbanos. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de estudar aspectos da sua biologia e sucesso reprodutivo em uma área natural de cerrado. A coleta de dados ocorreu na Estação Ecológica de Águas Emendadas (ESECAE) entre os anos de 2003 e 2008. Localizamos 64 ninhos da espécie para os quais, foi possível determinar o destino de 55 deles. Foram utilizados 45 ninhos para análise do sucesso reprodutivo e sobrevivência dos ninhos. A maioria dos ninhos foi encontrada em Cerrado ralo (50%). A incubação é assincrônica e a reprodução ocorre de agosto a dezembro. O ninho é em formato de tigela, constituído de gravetos, confeccionado principalmente em arbustos de Davilla elliptica (Dilleniaceae). A altura média do ninho em relação ao solo foi de 1,3 0,6 m. O tamanho da ninhada variou de um a seis ovos, com predominância de ninhadas de três ovos. Tanto o período médio de incubação como o de permanência dos ninhegos no ninho foram estimados em 14 0,27 dias. Encontramos apenas um ninho parasitado por Chopim, Molothrus bonariensis. O sucesso reprodutivo aparente, o sucesso de eclosão dos ovos e o sucesso estimado pelo método de Mayfield foram de 54,5; 40,5 e 54,6 %, respectivamente. A predação foi atribuída como a principal causa do fracasso reprodutivo (88%). Dentre os ninhos predados, 86,4% foram perdidos na fase de ninhego e 13,6% na de incubação. A infestação dos ninhegos por larvas de dípteras foi freqüente, porém nenhuma perda foi atribuída a esse fator. A probabilidade de sobrevivência dos ninhos, modelada pelo método de exposição logística, mostra que a sobrevivência pode variar de acordo com a idade do ninho e o tamanho da ninhada. Ninhadas maiores apresentam sobrevivência diária relativamente maior do que ninhadas pequenas. Ninhos no fim da fase de incubação sofrem um decréscimo na sobrevivência diária e as menores probabilidades de sobrevivência foram encontradas nos primeiros dias da fase de ninhego seguidas por um aumento no fim do mesmo período. A sobrevivência diária dos ninhos não foi afetada pelas fitofisionomias escolhidas para a nidificação e ao longo da estação reprodutiva. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The Chalk-browed Mockingbird, Mimus saturninus (Mimidae) is a very common bird in cerrados, grasslands, and pasturelands with scattered trees or shrubs, also occurring in urban environments. Here I studied aspects of its breeding biology and success in a natural cerrado. Data was collected at Estação Ecológica de Águas Emendadas (ESECAE) from 2003 to 2008. I monitored 64 nests of which 55 had a known fate. I used 45 nests for the reproductive success and nest survival analyses. Most nests (50%) were found at open cerrado. Incubation was asynchronic and nesting lasted from August to December. Nests were an open-cup built with twigs usually on a Davilla elliptica (Dilleniaceae) shrub. Mean nest height above the ground was 1.3 0.6 m. Clutch size was invariably of three, but ranging from one to six eggs. Both the incubation and the nestling period lasted 14 0.3 days. Only one nest was parasited by the Shiny Cowbird, Molothrus bonariensis. The apparent success, the success of eggs and the Mayfield success were 54.5, 40.5 and 54.6 %, respectively. Predation was the main cause of nest failure, accounting for 88% of loses. Among the predated nests, 86.4% were lost during the nestling phase and only 13.6% were lost during the incubation phase. Nestling infestation by botflies was common but did not cause the death of nestlings. Nest survival rates, modeled by the logistic exposure method, showed that they could vary according to nest age and clutch size. Larger clutch sizes had higher survival rates than smaller clutch sizes. Nests at the end of incubation phase had a decrease in survival, had the lowest success in the first days of the nestling phase and increased again at the end of the nestling phase. Nests daily survival rates were not affected by vegetation type or by time of the season.
Morisset, Vanessa. "Peinture et cinéma dans l'oeuvre de Mimmo Rotella autour de 1960." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH037/document.
Full textSince its invention, cinema has transformed culture, to the point that studies have recurrently questioned the influence it has had on the thinking of prominent intellectuals, for example on Michel Foucault or Erwin Panofsky. But what of the influence of cinema in the work of artists? Mimmo Rotella (1918-2006), a painter from Calalabria who settled in post-war Rome, and an avid filmgoer with a passion for cinema, evokes a large number of films in a corpus of works produced around 1960: canvases based on movie posters, mostly of popular genres, torn off the city walls. Thus, at this precise time, in the context of the glory years of the Cincecittà studios and a peak of cinema attendance unequalled in Europe, the relationship between painting and cinema took a particular turn, reflecting a broadening of the art to unexpected references. But in embracing cinema, were Rotella's works not in danger of merely being a symptom of an emerging cultural practice, juggling sometimes cultivated and sometimes popular references, something which Hal Foster would later dub nobrow or Richard Peterson omnivorousness, or do they represent a genuine democratisation of art?Articulated around the high point of the 1962 monographic exhibition entitled Cinecittà, the various sections of the thesis illuminate aspects of the work of the artist who introduced cinema into the field of art. Two moments in time – a trip to the United States that diverted Rotella from painting in 1952-53 and a prison stay in 1964 that caused him to flee Italy, distancing him from the Roman scene and subsequently cutting him off from what was happening in Italian art – are critical to the nature and the content of the corpus of works studied.We begin by considering the social and cultural context in which Rotella's artistic act emerged. We then undertake a precise characterisation of the films he chose through the posters to analyse popular cinema's intrusion into art. Then, in the central part, the Cinecittà exhibition is studied from its conception to its reception. The thesis subsequently examines the consequences of this exhibition in the work of the artist, who begins to turn to more recognized films, for example by focusing increasingly on stars. Another aspect of popular culture stemming from cinema then enters the art world, the sociological phenomenon of the fan, although, strangely, no reference is made to Italian cinema, which in that very period was enjoying its golden age. This leads to a reflection on the love of cinema confronted with the conception of “the common man of cinema” as Jean-Louis Schefer puts it.Interspersed with images that appear at the head of the parts and chapters of the thesis, the text of volume 1 discusses the works and describes them with reference to a set of plates in the appendix in volume 2. These incursions into the iconography recall that the works are the source of the entire thesis.Thus the corpus studied is the starting point for a reflection on the way film and media culture were introduced into the Italian art of the 1950s-1960s, while extending beyond this context: it points to how, from that time to the present day, certain media references have constituted the foundation of a common culture shared by the public and artists
Francois-Heude, Marc. "Mimes de Haut-Mannoses : synthèse, caractérisation et reconnaissance par les lectines." Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIE0100.
Full textHigh-mannoses are natural N-glycan type oligomannoses which are covalently linked to definite proteins and are involved in diverse biological mechanisms. Their synthesis remains difficult and expensive, and the quantities obtained do not allow considering a large scale-up for therapeutic applications. The cheaper and faster mimic production can thus be seen as an alternative. The goal of our mimic (pseudo oligomannose) synthesis strategy is to conserve as much as possible the tridimensional features of natural High-mannoses. It is based on the substitution of the three internal mannose residues by 1,2,3 triazole units allowing the addition of six mannoses/pseudo-mannoses terminal residues in a single 1,3 dipolar cycloaddition step. A mimic library has been generated including the low molecular weight PMan3 (pseudo tri-mannose), PMan4 and PMan5 analogues. In a similar manner the PMan8 and PMan9 have been synthetized at the 100 mg scale. Biochemical ELLA assays using either the Concanavalin A (Con A) or the human macrophage lectin (rhMMR) have shown very similar IC50 values between the natural Man9 and its PMan9 mimic (3 and 7,1 M by using Con A, and 4 et 5,5 M by using rhMMR respectively). The dissociation constants of natural High-mannoses toward Con A have been determined by mass spectrometry and the same analyses are on-going for their mimic counterparts. Moreover, the crystal structure of the PMan9/Con A complex has been resolved and has shown that the terminal mannoses are recognized in a similar manner as the natural oligomannoses. Altogether, our results confirmed that our synthesis strategy leads easily to the production of high-mannose mimics whose biochemical and structural features are closed to their natural counterparts
Perato, Serge. "Synthèse et études structurales de nouvelles oligophénylpyridines comme mimes d'hélice α." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN4079.
Full textFoldamers are oligomers that fold into a conformationally ordered spatial state similar to the protein secondary structures. Two kind of foldamères can be identified, biotic foldamers whose structure is inspired by biomolecules and abiotic foldamers characterized by various structures. We are particularly interested in abiotic foldamères with an oligophenylpyridyl structure which can be obtained by the implementation of Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. The study of the influence of different partners and coupling conditions in the case of synthesis of bi(het)aryl has been accurately carried out. Taking into account the laboratory’s experience in this field, this work has allowed us to develop original synthetic routes to create a chemical library of over 70 variously substituted oligophenylpyridines. Molecular modeling, crystallography X-ray diffraction and NMR studies were undertaken to assess the ability of oligophenylpyridines to mimic the α–helix. Moreover, biological evaluation of our compounds was carried out and the first encouraging results show that oligophenylpyridines are able to disrupt protein-protein interactions involved in signaling pathways of apoptosis and in particular of Bcl-2 family proteins. The experimental section describes procedures and physico-chemical properties of all new synthesized derivatives. Finally, nearly 150 references situate this study in its chemical and biological context
Terrien, Anaïs. "Synthèse et étude structurale multi-échelle de peptides mimes de collagène." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066647/document.
Full textThe collagen is omnipresent in the human body and many diseases are associated with its structural anomalies, these are the main reasons to study its stability. Collagen has in its primary sequence many pyrrolidine cycles, which stabilize a secondary structure such polyproline II (PPII), and a triple helix structure where three left-handed helical polypeptide chains are supercoiled. In this work, we focused on the synthesis and structural characterization of collagen model peptides (CMP), alone or in the presence of type I collagen. To understand the different levels of CMP structuration: local conformation, secondary structures, trimeric and supramolecular assemblies, we favoured a multi-scale approach. The studies we conducted by circular dichroism and NMR aimed to analyze the relationship between triple helices and the different monomeric species present in solution. Through the use of labeled peptides models, we were able to measure NMR local structural parameters and compare them to molecular dynamics simulations. The presence of supramolecular assemblies was demonstrated and analyzed from a qualitative, quantitative and kinectics point of view by DLS, NMR and different microscopies approaches. Finally, all of our observations have led us to propose new CMP molecules. We undertook the synthesis of fluorinated peptidomimetics to improve the kinetics formation and stability of the triple helix, and also promote ordered supramolecular assemblies
Cendret, Virginie. "Mimes de haut-mannose et glycoclusters pour l’étude des interactions sucres-lectines." Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0116.
Full textCells surface oligosaccharides are at the heart of many recognition processes: they are anchors to which other cells or pathogenic agents can specifically bind. In the N-glycan family, high-mannose type oligosaccharides are for instance the first species involved whenever a virus or a parasite infects a host cell. For research studies, high-mannoses therefore constitute interesting targets. However, the synthesis of these oligosaccharides remains difficult and tedious. In this context, we undertook two projects in parallel. The first one was firstly aimed at the development of a methodology providing faster access to high-mannose analogues. In order to simplify the synthesis, we chose to replace mannosidic units by triazole groups. Thus, we combined the classical glycosylation with a click chemistry reaction and after exploring several routes, we achieved the synthesis of a pseudo-octamannoside. The second stage of this project, that is to say the evaluation of this compound as N-glycans mime, is about to start. The second project stemmed from collaboration between the Laboratoire des Glucides and Dr. Sébastien Vidal team and was devoted to the synthesis of multivalent glycoclusters. In this work, a trimannoside was coupled to multivalent scaffolds such as porphyrins and calixarenes by a click chemistry reaction. Four new glycoclusters were obtained. However, their final deprotection at the end proved non trivial. To solve this problem, the coupling was realized with the free oligosaccharide. The first results are encouraging and suggest that this approach is the most appropriate for the synthesis of the desired glycoclusters. At the end of the biological assays of these compounds, we will be able to conclude about the importance of the ligand density in the carbohydrates-lectins recognition process
Bar, Laure. "Etude et caractérisation du rituximab sur surface antigénique : conception de mimes d'anticorps." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAV061.
Full textAs they recognize tumor antigens in a very specific manner, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) became a major tool for the treatment of many cancers. Despite the improvement in remission rates, mAbs suffer from limitations that relate mainly to their high molecular weight, their high cost, and the polymorphism of their Fc region. The design of small synthetic mAb mimics is therefore an attractive way to bypass these problems. To design efficient and specific mimics, we studied in detail an antibody / antigen interaction, especially rituximab / CD20 interaction occurring in the treatment of some lymphoma. MAb mimics are macromolecular constructs composed of short peptide sequences included in the Rituximab paratope. The selection of the peptides deeply involved in the recognition of the tumor cell was carried out by using a surface sensitive technique called surface plasmon resonance (SPR - Biacore). To perform this selection, it was first necessary to develop an antigenic surface for peptide screening. The characterization of this surface by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), and SPR made it possible to acquire a lot of information such as the dependence of the inter-CD20 spacing on the mAb recognition process. Following the screening, the peptide sequences of the paratope areas involved in CD20 recognition could be determined with high precision, and then be used to prepare synthetic mAb mimics
Duckert, Jean-Frédéric. "Synthèses de mimes non peptidiques du glutathion, précurseurs d'analogues du leucotriène C4." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20037.
Full textTresse, Cédric. "Synthèse de mimes de mycolactones pour l’étude mécanistique de l’ulcère de Buruli." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MULH9274.
Full textThis research project focuses on mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli ulcer disease), a severe skin disease characterized by the formation of progressive necrotic lesions and the lack of an acute inflammatory response. Although neglected, this infection is the third most common mycobacteriosis after Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae, and cases are reported in more than 30 countries worldwide. Mycobacterium ulcerans secretes a complex polyketidic macrolide, called mycolactone A/B, which is directly involved in the biological effects of the disease. Since its discovery, the unusual biology triggered by this toxin has spurred research efforts. In this context, this research project aims at a better understanding of mycolactone A/B molecular interactions by using total synthesis as main tool. To this end, our research team has developed an efficient synthetic pathway allowing the preparation of different mimetics of the toxin. This synthesis has been used to prepare thirteen new mycolactone mimetics during this thesis. Moreover our team has also been interested in the synthesis of fluorinated mycolactone analogs. Such fluorinated mycolactones are of great interest to improve the interactions that occur between the toxin and its biological binding site. Work in this field led to the development of a simple and general method to introduce a trifluoromethyl group onto a terminal alkyne, allowing novel modulation of the structure of the toxin
Murray, Robert Ian. "Towards the performer-creator in contemporary mime, with specific reference to the physical theatre of Andrew Buckland, 1988-2000." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007720.
Full textPhilippe, Christine. "Conception et synthèse de mimes fluorés de peptidomimétiques et de ligands de récepteurs." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA114816.
Full textThe introduction of fluorine atoms into a bioactive molecule can improve it bioavailability and it affinity for the target. This was applied to the design and the synthesis of fluorinated peptidomimetics to be incorporated in protease inhibitors, and to fluorinated ligands of monoamines transporters
Tang, Lu. "Nanoparticules mimes des propriétés biologiques des GAGs : vers un inhibiteur sélectif de CXCL12." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS072.
Full textHéparan Sulfate (HS) is a linear polysaccharide that modulates the biological activities of numerous proteins. In order to elucidate the interaction between HS and proteins, the synthesis of HS is an invaluable tool, but the synthesis is sometimes difficult. Our group has demonstrated that the combinatorial mixtures obtained by self-assembly of different combinations of disaccharide derivatives (lactose and persulfated lactose) on gold plan surfaces could recognize specifically some HS binding proteins, such as the isoforms of the chemokine CXCL12 or IFNγ. Because of the toxicity of gold nanoparticles, we have also adapted this method to lipid nanoparticles. Using the conditions that have already improved during the synthesis of lactose and persulfated lactose derivatives, we have synthesized two other disaccharide derivatives, which were closer to the real structure of HS. These new derivatives were used to prepare the gold and lipid nanoparticles at the aim of comparing the properties with lactose and persulfated lactose. The tests of affinities with different proteins are in progress
Martin, Charlotte. "De la silaproline à la synthèse d'homopolypeptides mimes d'hélice polyproline de type II." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20246/document.
Full textUnnatural α-amino acids form a family of essential compounds for the design of peptidomimetics. More specifically, the use of silicon as an isostere of carbon on the side chain of α-amino acids has been widely reported in the literature, while demonstrating the importance of this modification. In particular, the fundamental role of proline in peptide structures, and the advantage of the silicon, promoted us to focus on the silaproline.After the development of a gram scale synthesis of silaproline, we prepared homopolypeptides of this particular residue. Firstly, monodisperse silaproline oligomers were synthesized. The structural study by NMR, CD and molecular modeling confirmed the conformational preference for polyproline type II helix (PPII). Then longer polymers were obtained by polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides. These new biopolymers were prepared, leading to more lipophilic PPII mimics.Finally, a new way of polymerization by reacting esters under mild conditions has been optimized for easy access to polypeptides
Lamotte, Yann. "Design, synthèse et évaluation biologique de mimes du paclitaxel dérivés de la proline." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066608/document.
Full textAmong the many therapeutic agents used in oncology, paclitaxel (Taxol®) is probably the one that generated the most interest. It is used clinically for the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers and acts as a mitotic spindle poison by promoting the assembly of tubulin into microtubules and stabilizing the polymer formed. Initially extracted from the Pacific yew (Taxus Brevifolia) and obtained by semi-synthesis from 10-deacetylbaccatin III, it is now produced by a biotechnological process of cell plant fermentation. Paclitaxel has a complex chemical structure based on a tetracyclic taxane skeleton. A process to replace the taxane skeleton with a simpler chemical structure was undertaken to identify paclitaxel mimics. The identification of a chemical fragment (fragment based drug design) derived from proline by a molecular modeling study has led to the design of a new series of paclitaxel mimics. Meanwhile, replacing the taxane skeleton by a cyclic peptide scaffold using proline derivatives was performed. Molecular modeling studies, synthesis of paclitaxel mimics and biological evaluation will be presented
Tsamba, Lucie. "Modélisation prédictive de la formation de sous-produits de chloration dans les ambiances confinées. Applications aux piscines couvertes." Thesis, Rennes, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENCR0053/document.
Full textThe formation of chlorination by-products in swimming pools depends on many kinetic and hydraulic parameters. This study presents the development of a predictive model for the formation of chlorination by-products as well as their water-to-air transfer. The model is based on the coupling of kinetic rates determined in batch with hydraulic models which describe the flows in the basin. A pilot pool unit has been built in order to collect experimental data for the calibration and validation of the models. Moreover an analytical method by Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry has been assessed. The representativeness and the reproducibility of experiments performed on the pilot pool unit have been described. Kinetic rates for chlorine consumption, chloroform formation and dichloroacetonitrile formation have been studied at lab scale, based on chlorination experiments of a Body Fluid Analogue, a mix of chemicals which reproduces human intakes in swimming pools. The hydraulic behavior of the basin has been modeled by a series of ideal reactors. The model has been validated by comparison with tracer-based experiments. Finally, water-to-air transfer rates have been determined and compared with models from the literature. The modeled parameters were satisfactorily modeled. Moreover the pilot pool unit has been demonstrated to be useful in calibrating models or in assessing treatment solutions
Martin, Vincent. "Synthèse d’oligomères de mimes contraints de dipeptides pour la vectorisation intracellulaire de molécules bioactives." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20168/document.
Full textThe synthesis of a new type of constrained dipeptide motif oligomers is described. Monomers used are the (3S)-amino-5-(carboxylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one (DBT), the 2-aminomethyl-phenyl-acetic acid (AMPA) and α-amino γ-lactams. The secondary structure of those architectures has been studied by NMR, IR, CD and X-ray spectroscopies. Firstly, we demonstrated that DBT oligomers are able to adopt stable and well defined ribbon like structures. Based on these structures, we designed new systems, far more versatile which are able to distribute various functions (basic, acidic, aromatic) on each side of the ribbon axis. An original strategy has been developed for this purpose. It consists in the direct conversion of peptidic sequences, incorporating methionine, in α-amino γ-lactams oligomers. They are able, as the DBT, to adopt ribbon like structures and to be internalized into cells. Finally, an in vivo study in mice showed the high anti-tumoral potency of a bioconjugate linking AMPA oligomers to an inhibitor of the cathepsin D, a lysosomal enzyme overexpressed and secreted by numerous solid tumors
Burzicki, Grégory. "Synthèse de nouvelles oligopyridines potentielles mimes d’hélice alpha et perturbatrices des interactions protéine-protéine." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN4068.
Full textIn order to obtain new non-peptidic scaffolds as potential alpha helix mimetics, we developed a convergent and highly flexible synthesis of new oligopyridines variously substituted by using iterative Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in a regioselective strategy named Garlanding. The first part presents chemical library and screening concepts. We focus on the chemical space concept and the exploration of new chemical spaces in order to discover new drugs. This is in this approach that our research program takes place, and particularly concerning protein-protein interactions and the “BH3” mimetics able to interact with the proteins of the Bcl-2 family. The second one describes the personal work of the author on the synthesis of bi-, ter-, quater-, quinque- and sexipyridines variously substituted, particularly by methyl or styryl groups. The molecular modelling studies and the first biological results of the compounds are presented in this part. Then experimental procedure and physico-chemical characteristics of all synthezised compounds are described. Finally, 265 bibliographical references replace this study in both its chemical and biological context
Champenois, Sylvain. "Dynamique de la résonance entre Mimas et Tethys, premier et troisième satellites de Saturne." Observatoire de Paris (1667-....), 1998. https://hal.science/tel-02094982.
Full textGaleotti, Nathalie. "Conception et synthèse de mimes peptidiques analogues de substrats de la protéase du VIH." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20002.
Full textPerdriau, Camille. "Stabilisation et mimes de structures secondaires peptidiques : applications aux hélices alpha et feuillets beta." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0308.
Full textRecent advances in molecular biology gave rise to the emergence of biologics (antibodies, hormones) as therapeutic agents. Peptides which are able to adopt secondary structures encountered in proteins and presenting intermediates features between small molecules and biologics are seen as potent therapeutics. The disadvantages of peptides lie in poor plasma stability and their poor cell membrane permeability as well as conformational flexibility, thus limiting their therapeutic potential. Stabilizing peptide secondary structures in their bioactive conformations and the development of non natural peptidomimetics became important tools to counteract those difficulties. Nowadays, several chemical approaches have been considered to stabilize α-helix folding such as the macrocyclization between two side chains of a peptide. The first project of this PhD thesis has focused on the design and the synthesis of new stapled peptides containing a guanidine motif. Several macrocyclized peptides with a guanidine bridge in (i, i+4) or in (i, i+7) positions have thus been obtained and some structural studies performed. Introduction the guanidine moiety could provide new properties to peptides such as improvement of their cell permeability. Notwithstanding their importance in biology, multi-stranded β-sheets, another protein secondary structure of interest, have comparatively been less studied by chemists probably because of their tendencies towards agregation and precipitation. To obtain stable peptidomimetics folded into βsheets it is possible to use non natural moieties such as foldamers. In this context, we have been interested in the design of a novel class of molecules programmed to fold into β-sheet structures through the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Foldamers alternating artificial strands and turns composed of diamine and diacid have been synthesized. Studies were performed in solution and in the solid state to confirm their folding into multi-stranded β-sheets architectures
Duru, Christiane. "Synthèse et études structurales d'oligomères de mimes contraints de dipeptide : recherche de nouveaux foldamères." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20120.
Full textTheillet, François-Xavier. "Comportements conformationnels et antigénicités de l'Ag-O de Shigella flexneri et de ses mimes." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066562.
Full textFrémaux, Juliette. "Foldamères peptidomimétiques à base d’urées : vers le développement de structures complexes mimes d’architectures biologiques." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14857/document.
Full textThe biological functions of proteins are mainly correlated to their tridimensional structure. For this reason a large number of chemists are interested in the synthesis of foldamers, which are bioinspired artificial molecules possessing well-defined folded conformations. In particular, in our laboratories we focused on the study of oligourea foldamers, which form well-defined and remarkably stable helical structures, analogous to the natural polypeptides α-helix. In order to develop artificial functional helices able to mimic biological structures, it is interesting to understand the rules governing their folding, for example by comparing different residues substitution patterns. During this thesis we have investigated the compatibility of the helix geometry with residues containing steric constraints, such as gem-dimethylated units or pyrrolidine cycle. We have developed a new segment condensation strategy based on these residues, which enabled the facile synthesis of long helical segments (up to 4 nm). The use of this novel approach, combined with the information acquired on helical stability allowed us to produce more complex architectures (quaternary structures) resulting from the controlled assembly of water soluble helices
Beniazza, Redouane. "Synthèse et désymétrisation de cycloheptatriènes silylés : application à la synthèse de mimes de sucres." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13898/document.
Full textThis work dealt with the synthesis of silylated cycloheptatrienes and their desymmetrisation toward the synthesis of sugar mimics. Calystegines analogues were synthesized and an unexpected rearrangement leading to an original nortropane skeleton was emphasized. In a second part, cycloheptatriene-norcaradiene (CHT-NCD) equilibrium was studied. Silylated cycloheptatriene were also shown to react through cycloaddition reaction with acylnitroso compounds, through cascade processes: electrocyclisation (CHT-NCD)-cycloaddition- cationique cyclopropane opening-cycloaddition, leading highly selectively to aminocarbasugars. Starting from methylsilylated CHT, 7 stereogenic centers, 5 C-O bonds and 2 C-N bonds were formed in only 3 steps. An enantioselective Hetero-Diels-Alder reaction was also developed
Meunier, Antoine. "Les foldamères comme mimes de la seconde sphère de coordination des hydrogénases [Fe-Fe]." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0826/document.
Full textThe ability to replicate enzymatic activity with a synthetic molecule is a highly sought after goal in modern chemistry. However, it remains a big challenge even in case of activation of small molecules. In the case of hydrogen, some bacteria can use it as energy carrier by means of enzymes called hydrogenases that can reversely make or break the bond of hydrogen molecules and are made of earth abundant metals. As hydrogen could be used for the same purpose of energy storage in our society, hydrogenases caught interest of scientific community. To date, most biomimetic hydrogenase models mainly focus on first coordination sphere modifications to fine-tune structure and physical properties. However, point mutation studies indicate that several of the amino acid residues surrounding the enzyme active site are required for structural stability or high turnover frequencies. It shows how mimicking second coordination sphere could improve the capabilities of synthetic catalysts. Our approach used aromatic oligoamide foldamers as helical scaffolds around an inspired 2Fe2S4cluster. Convergent synthesis of the final molecule and structural studies in the solid state (x-ray) and in solution (NMR, IR) as well as the dynamic behaviour are reported. Modifications of the first coordination sphere of the model complex in presence of the foldamer are also described, showing interactions between them
Wilhelmsen, Hanne. "Resilience in emergency management teams." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15049.
Full textJohansen, Arve. "Eksponering for ultrafine partikler (UFP), totalpartikler, polysykliske aromatiske hydrokarboner (PAH) og høyere aldehyder ved steking av flesk (bacon) på elektrisk komfyr og gassbluss." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15056.
Full textTresselt, Hanne Jahreie. "Filter loss study: loss of hydrocarbons from filter when sampling and storing oil mist and oil vapour samples." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15065.
Full textHanto, Jon Sveinung. "Praktisk bruk av sikkerhetsindikatorer relatert til samhandling : Utvikling og praktisk test av indikatorsett for integrerte operasjoner i olje- og gassnæringen." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15077.
Full textSaggi, Karan. "Evaluation of Approaches and Methods for Establishing a Good Safety Culture." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-16755.
Full textGerace, Salvadore. "A MODEL INTEGRATED MESHLESS SOLVER (MIMS) FOR FLUID FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2371.
Full textPh.D.
Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Mechanical Engineering PhD
Oliveira, Dami?o Valdenor de. "Biologia reprodutiva de Mimus gilvus (Aves: Mimidae) em ?rea de restinga no nordeste do Brasil." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2015. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/21238.
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O sabi? da praia, Mimus gilvus (Aves: Mimidae) ? um passeriforme com ampla distribui??o na Am?rica Central e do Sul. No Brasil ocorre principalmente nas ?reas de restinga e vegeta??o pr?xima a praia. Muitos atributos de sua biologia reprodutiva s?o desconhecidos, principalmente em rela??o ao sucesso reprodutivo. Nesse sentido, durante os anos de 2010-2011, 2011-2012 e 2014-2015 foram feitas visitas ? ?rea de restinga no Centro de Lan?amento da Barreira do Inferno (CLBI), localizado entre os munic?pios de Natal e Parnamirim-RN (5?54?S e 35?10?W), onde foram feitas buscas sistem?ticas buscando descrever caracter?sticas da biologia reprodutiva de M. gilvus, estimar o seu sucesso reprodutivo utilizando o m?todo de Mayfield, e identificar os principais fatores que influenciam o seu sucesso reprodutivo em ambiente de restinga. Para isso, foram utilizados 45 ninhos ativos monitorados. Apenas durante a temporada reprodutiva de 2011-2012 e 2014-2015 foram feitas visitas sistem?ticas a ?rea de estudo. O per?odo reprodutivo variou de agosto a mar?o. O tamanho da ninhada variou de dois, tr?s e seis ovos (n = 22). Ninhadas de dois ovos foram mais frequentes, sendo a m?dia de ovos colocados por ninho de 2 ? 0,51 (n = 20 ninhos). O per?odo de incuba??o foi de aproximadamente 13 ? 1,9 dias (n = 11 ninhos ). O per?odo de perman?ncia dos filhotes no ninho foi de aproximadamente 11 ? 1,6 dias (n = 9 ninhos). O sucesso aparente foi de 37,8% e o sucesso estimado pelo m?todo de Mayfield foi de 26,6 %. A preda??o foi a principal causa da perda de ninhos na ?rea de estudo. As taxas de sobreviv?ncia di?ria (TSD) obtidas foram 0,9593 para o per?odo de incuba??o e 0,9313 para o per?odo de ninhego. As estimativas de sobreviv?ncia para cada per?odo foram 0,5827 para incuba??o e 0,4571 para ninhego respectivamente. A precipita??o m?dia acumulada para cada m?s influenciou negativamente as taxas de eclos?o dos ninhos de M. gilvus. Al?m disso, o n?mero de eclos?es entre o per?odo mais chuvoso (esta??o chuvosa) e o per?odo de menor precipita??o (esta??o seca) foram diferentes. O n?mero de ninhos perdidos de M. gilvus foi menor em moitas do que em cactos, o que pode justificar o maior n?mero de ninhos dessa esp?cie encontrados em moitas. As taxas de sobreviv?ncia no per?odo de ninhego foram menores em compara??o com o per?odo de incuba??o. M. gilvus parece evitar o per?odo mais chuvoso durante sua reprodu??o, concentrado a maior parte de seus ninhos no per?odo de menor precipita??o.
The thrush beach, Mimus gilvus (Aves: Mimidae) is a passerine widely distributed in Central and South America. In Brazil occurs mainly in the areas of the resting and vegetation near the beach. In southeastern Brazil this species has disappeared, mainly due to urbanization. Many attributes of their reproductive biology are unknown, especially in relation to reproductive success. During the years 2010-2011, 2011-2012 and 2014-2015 were made visits to the area of restinga forest in Centro de Lan?amento da Barreira do Inferno (CLBI), located between the cities of Natal and Parnamirim-RN (5 ? 54'S 35 ? 10'W ) where they were made systematic searches to trying describe reproductive biology of the characteristics of M. gilvus, estimate their reproductive success using the Mayfield method, and identify the main factors that influence their reproductive success in environment the resting. For this, forty fifth active nests monitored were used. Only during the breeding season of 2011-2012 and 2014-2015 were made systematic visits to the study area. The reproductive period ranged August to March. Clutch size ranged from two, three and six eggs (n = 22). Broods of two eggs were more common, with an average of eggs laid per nest of 2 ? 0,51 (n = 20 nests). The incubation period was approximately 13 ? 1,9 days (n = 11 nests). The period of stay of the nestlings was approximately 11 ? 1,6 days (n = 9 nests). With approximately 11 days old the nestlings were able to leave the nest. The apparent success was 37,8% and the success estimated by Mayfield method was 26,6%. Predation was the main cause of loss of nests in the study area. The daily survival rates (TDS) were obtained from 0,9593 incubation and 0,9313 for nestling period respectively. Survival estimates for each period was 0,5827 for incubation and 0,4571 for nestling period. The cumulative average rainfall for each month influenced negatively the hatching rates of M. gilvus nests. In addition, the number hatch eggs among the most rainy season (rainy season) and the period of lowest rainfall (dry season) were different. The number of lost nests of M. gilvus was lower in scrubs than cactus, which may account for the largest number of nests of this species found in scrubs. Survival rates in nestling period were lower compared with the incubation period. The fact that the survival rates nests of M. gilvus be lower in the nestling period compared to the incubation period may result from increased activity of adults during this phase of the nest, which in turn would increase predation rates. M. gilvus seems to avoid the rainy season during their reproduction, concentrated most of their nests in periods of low rainfall.
Villiers, Emilie. "Synthèses stéréocontrôlées de pseudodipeptides fluorés de mimes contraints de la proline, et d'analogues de l'Enalapril." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAM0034.
Full textThe Fluoroolefin moiety (CF=CH) can be used as an effective peptide bond mimic due to isoelectronic and isosteric properties. Moreover, this moiety provides better resistance to enzymatic degradation compared to native peptide bond. This thesis is part of our program aiming at developing new methodologies towards fluoropseudopeptides. In a first part, we apply various innovative strategies from the laboratory to the synthesis of an analog of neuropeptide 26RFa. In the second part is presented an overall strategy towards fluorinated pseudopeptide including a proline residue, an amino acid extremely important. Thus, the asymmetric synthesis of fluorinated dipeptide analogues AA-[(Z) or (E) CF=C]-Pro, under cisoid or transoid conformation, has been developed. Finally, we extend this methodology to the synthesis of an analogue of biologically active Enalapril®
Bernard, Anne-Sophie. "Etude de complexes de manganèse mimes de superoxyde dismutase sur des modèles cellulaires de l'inflammation." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066341.
Full textCarrel, Frédéric. "Vers de nouveaux agents anti-inflammatoires : synthèse de mimes C-saccharidiques de l'Acide Sialyl Lewis X /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=2766.
Full textMagalhães, Maria das Graças Sandi 1961. "Medos, mimos e cuidados. Leituras úteis para educar as mães = os guias maternos brasileiros (1919-1957)." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/251088.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: O mercado editorial brasileiro, em expansão nas primeiras décadas do século XX, incorporou, à sua maneira, os discursos produzidos tanto pelo movimento higienista como pelos que compreendiam a educação como forma de regenerar a nação e encaminhá-la em direção ao progresso e à modernidade. Escritos em sua maioria por pediatras, os guias maternos fizeram parte de coleções que se destinavam à educação da população. Apesar das referências nesses impressos aos procedimentos científicos em relação à criação dos filhos, a identificação dessas publicações como leituras úteis permitiu analisá-las enquanto uma das práticas médicas dirigidas às mulheres, para difundir modelos de comportamento familiar que garantissem a geração, o desenvolvimento saudável e a educação das crianças brasileiras. Este texto adota como principal referencial teórico as contribuições de Roger Chartier, em torno da história do livro e da leitura, e de Michel Foucault, no que se refere à compreensão dos mecanismos de poder sobre a população, definidos pelo autor como biopolítica. Os processos de produção e os indícios da circulação dos guias maternos foram considerados como elementos fundamentais para a compreensão da difusão das representações sobre as mulheres, as crianças e sua educação, nos moldes propostos pela medicina, como parte de um processo mais amplo de intervenção na sociedade brasileira. Ao mesmo tempo, a análise das prescrições de leitura, presentes nas características textuais e tipográficas desses impressos, permite uma aproximação das práticas propostas às mães. Por essa razão, os guias maternos que integram o corpus desta pesquisa, publicados entre 1919 e 1957, foram compreendidos tanto como objeto quanto como fonte de estudo. Entre as questões suscitadas, a principal interrogação refere-se ao espaço que esses impressos teriam ocupado no processo de difusão de práticas higiênicas que abrangiam tanto o cuidado com o corpo infantil como a educação da criança, com base nas recomendações médicas. O tratamento privilegiado dado à mulher leitora, a partir desse redimensionamento das funções maternais, em acordo com os princípios científicos, também permitiu indagar sobre as representações que teriam sido produzidas em torno da leitura feminina, veiculadas por autores e editores dos guias maternos estudados, a partir da inserção de diferentes dispositivos textuais e gráficos.
Abstract: The Brazilian publishing market in expansion since the first decades of the XX Century has incorporated at its own manner the speeches produced either by the hygienist movement as well as by those who understood upbringing as a way to regenerate a nation, leading it into progress and modernity. Written mostly by pediatricians, mother guidebooks were part of a collection that was intended for the education of the population. Despite the references contained in such publications regarding the scientific procedures related to children upbringing, identifying such publications as useful reading material allowed for analyzing them as one of the medical practices directed to women, in order to spread familial behavioral models that would guarantee the generation, the healthy development and upbringing of the Brazilian children. This work adopts, as its main theoretical reference, Roger Chartier's contributions about the history of books and reading, and Michel Foucalt's contributions to the understanding of power mechanisms over the populations, defined by the author as biopolitics. Production processes and indications of circulation of mother guidebooks were regarded to as fundamental elements to the understanding of the diffusion of representations over the women, the children and their upbringing, according to models proposed by medicine, as part of a bigger process of intervention in the Brazilian society. At the same time, the analysis of the reading prescriptions contained in the text and graphic characteristics of such printings allows for the approaching of the practices proposed to mothers. Due to this reason, mother guidebooks that form the corpus of this survey, published between 1919 and 1957, have been taken both as subject and as source of study. Among the raised issues, the main inquiry is concerned with how much space such printings might have taken in the process of diffusion of hygienic practices regarding either the care with the child's body as well as the child's upbringing based on medical recommendations. The privileged treatment given to woman readers beginning with the redesigning of maternal functions, according to scientific principles, also allowed for questioning the representations that might have been produced about the women's reading, published by authors and publishers of such guidebooks that have been studied, based on the insertion of different text and graphic devices.
Doutorado
Educação, Conhecimento, Linguagem e Arte
Doutor em Educação
Zanon, Mariana Santos. "Distribuição, tamanho populacional e conservação de Mimus gilvus (Aves: Mimidae) no Estado do Rio de Janeiro." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1566.
Full textA extensão da distribuição geográfica e a abundância local se combinam para determinar o tamanho populacional total das espécies. Entretanto, tais atributos são desconhecidos para a maioria das aves. Isso representa um problema para a conservação das espécies, baseada primariamente na manutenção do número e distribuição destas. A União Internacional para a Conservação da Natureza (IUCN), por exemplo, adota a distribuição geográfica e o tamanho populacional como critérios para avaliação de ameaça de extinção de espécies. Mimus gilvus, o sabiá-da-praia, é uma ave afetada por alterações no seu hábitat e captura. No litoral oriental brasileiro, habita exclusivamente restingas, e seu desaparecimento vem sendo divulgado para alguns remanescentes de restinga fluminenses. Essa ave é categorizada como Em Perigo em avaliações dos estados do Rio de Janeiro e Espírito Santo. O objetivo geral do presente estudo foi prover uma atualização da distribuição geográfica de M. gilvus no estado do Rio de Janeiro e fornecer uma estimativa do tamanho atual de sua população remanescente neste estado. Duas metodologias foram aplicadas: transecções lineares e amostragem por pontos (marcados ao longo de transecções). As transecções foram realizadas em 15 remanescentes de restinga. O esforço de busca pela espécie foi complementado por meio de visitas fortuitas, gerando uma soma de 21 áreas exploradas. Um total de 40 pontos foi amostrado em quatro remanescentes onde a presença da espécie havia sido confirmada. Os dados de presença e ausência permitiram a geração de um mapa de extensão de ocorrência atual de M. gilvus no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Adicionalmente, produziu-se um mapa de extensão de ocorrência original de M. gilvus, para comparação. A extensão de ocorrência da espécie foi calculada segundo definição da IUCN. A partir dos dados de abundância populacional gerados por transecções e pontos, calculou-se a densidade populacional de M. gilvus para cada remanescente onde a espécie esteve presente. A espécie foi encontrada em apenas quatro (19%) das 21 áreas amostradas. Sua densidade populacional média foi de 37 indivíduos/km2 (transecções) e de 52 indivíduos/km2 (pontos). Os valores de extensão de ocorrência estimados foram de 760 km2 (atual) e 2143 km2 (original). Combinando-se a extensão de ocorrência e a densidade média populacional, foram obtidos valores de tamanho populacional máximo de 29640 (transecções) e 39520 indivíduos (pontos) e mínimo considerando a probabilidade de ocorrência da espécie de 8299 (transecções) e 17784 indivíduos (pontos). No estado do Rio de Janeiro, M. gilvus sofreu redução dos limites de sua extensão de ocorrência ao leste, e surgiram vazios na porção central de sua extensão de ocorrência original. De acordo com as quantificações dos critérios propostos pela IUCN, confirmou-se a categoria regional de ameaça Em Perigo (EN) para M. gilvus. Isso reflete a intensa pressão antrópica sobre as restingas e, possivelmente, também está associado com a captura de ninhegos. Portanto, pressões antrópicas levam a espécie a uma situação de isolamento populacional e de extinções locais, provavelmente irreversível. Recomendam-se uma efetiva proteção formal dos remanescentes de restinga e educação ambiental para mitigar as pressões sobre a espécie e evitar mais extinções locais.