Academic literature on the topic 'Mimic-effect'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mimic-effect"
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Gottlieb, S. "Smoking may mimic effect of antidepressants." BMJ 323, no. 7315 (2001): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.323.7315.713.
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Tsai, Jessica Chia-Chin, Natalie Sebanz, and Günther Knoblich. "The GROOP effect: Groups mimic group actions." Cognition 118, no. 1 (2011): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2010.10.007.
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Cao, Chunhua, Eun Sook Kim, Yi-Hsin Chen, John Ferron, and Stephen Stark. "Exploring the Test of Covariate Moderation Effects in Multilevel MIMIC Models." Educational and Psychological Measurement 79, no. 3 (2018): 512–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013164418793490.
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In multilevel multiple-indicator multiple-cause (MIMIC) models, covariates can interact at the within level, at the between level, or across levels. This study examines the performance of multilevel MIMIC models in estimating and detecting the interaction effect of two covariates through a simulation and provides an empirical demonstration of modeling the interaction in multilevel MIMIC models. The design factors include the location of the interaction effect (i.e., between, within, or across levels), cluster number, cluster size, intraclass correlation (ICC) level, magnitude of the interaction effect, and cross-level measurement invariance status. Type I error, power, relative bias, and root mean square of error of the interaction effects are examined. The results showed that multilevel MIMIC models performed well in detecting the interaction effect at the within or across levels. However, when the interaction effect was at the between level, the performance of multilevel MIMIC models depended on the magnitude of the interaction effect, ICC, and sample size, especially cluster number. Overall, cross-level measurement noninvariance did not make a notable impact on the estimation of interaction in the structural part of multilevel MIMIC models when factor loadings were allowed to be different across levels.
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Tran, Kim Ngan, and Jong-il Choi. "Mimic microgravity effect on muscle transcriptome under ionizing radiation." Life Sciences in Space Research 32 (February 2022): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2021.12.002.
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Toker, Lilach, Yuly Bersudsky, Inbar Plaschkes, et al. "Inositol-Related Gene Knockouts Mimic Lithium’s Effect on Mitochondrial Function." Neuropsychopharmacology 39, no. 2 (2013): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2013.194.
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Muszyńska-Pytel, M., P. Mikołajczyk, M. A. Pszczółkowski, and B. Cymborowski. "Juvenilizing effect of ecdysone mimic RH 5849 inGalleria mellonella larvae." Experientia 48, no. 10 (1992): 1013–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01919156.
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Azanza, Maria J. "Steady magnetic fields mimic the effect of caffeine on neurons." Brain Research 489, no. 1 (1989): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(89)90025-5.
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Huang, Suning, Rongquan He, Minhua Rong, Yiwu Dang, and Gang Chen. "Synergistic Effect of MiR-146a Mimic and Cetuximab on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/384121.
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Previously, we found that the expression of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) was downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues compared to the adjacent noncancerous hepatic tissues. In the current study, we have explored thein vitroeffect of miR-146a on the malignant phenotypes of HCC cells. MiR-146a mimic could suppress cell growth and increase cellular apoptosis in HCC cell lines HepG2, HepB3, and SNU449, as assessed by spectrophotometry, fluorimetry, and fluorescence microscopy, respectively. Furthermore, western blot showed that miR-146a mimic downregulated EGFR, ERK1/2, and stat5 signalings. These effects were less potent compared to that of a siRNA targeting EGFR, a known target gene of miR-146a. Moreover, miR-146a mimic could enhance the cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction impact of various EGFR targeting agents. The most potent combination was miR-146a mimic with cetuximab, presenting a synergistic effect. In conclusion, miR-146a plays a vital role in the cell growth and apoptosis of HCC cells and inducing miR-146a level might be a critical targeted molecular therapy strategy for HCC.
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Jamali, Jamshid, Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Ayatollahi, and Peyman Jafari. "The Effect of Small Sample Size on Measurement Equivalence of Psychometric Questionnaires in MIMIC Model: A Simulation Study." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7596101.
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Evaluating measurement equivalence (also known as differential item functioning (DIF)) is an important part of the process of validating psychometric questionnaires. This study aimed at evaluating the multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) model for DIF detection when latent construct distribution is nonnormal and the focal group sample size is small. In this simulation-based study, Type I error rates and power of MIMIC model for detecting uniform-DIF were investigated under different combinations of reference to focal group sample size ratio, magnitude of the uniform-DIF effect, scale length, the number of response categories, and latent trait distribution. Moderate and high skewness in the latent trait distribution led to a decrease of 0.33% and 0.47% power of MIMIC model for detecting uniform-DIF, respectively. The findings indicated that, by increasing the scale length, the number of response categories and magnitude DIF improved the power of MIMIC model, by 3.47%, 4.83%, and 20.35%, respectively; it also decreased Type I error of MIMIC approach by 2.81%, 5.66%, and 0.04%, respectively. This study revealed that power of MIMIC model was at an acceptable level when latent trait distributions were skewed. However, empirical Type I error rate was slightly greater than nominal significance level. Consequently, the MIMIC was recommended for detection of uniform-DIF when latent construct distribution is nonnormal and the focal group sample size is small.
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MATSUBARA, Teruhiko, Ai ONISHI, Tomomi SAITO, Daisuke YAMAGUCHI, and Toshinori SATO. "Multivalent Effect in Influenza Hemagglutinin-Binding Activity of Sugar-Mimic Peptide." KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 73, no. 1 (2016): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/koron.2015-0052.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Mimic-effect"
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VITALI, MICHELE. "Dynamics of nanoparticle-protein corona: formation, evolution and insight on protein structure." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/199091.
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In tamponi fisiologici, le proteine formano complessi transitori con nanoparticelle (NP), mediati da adsorbimento competitivo alla superficie di quest’ultime, fino alla formazione di una corona proteica stabile (HPC). Lo studio della dinamica d’interazione è fondamentale per ideare terapie basate su NP, in quanto l'HPC determina l'identità biologica delle NP in vivo. La forte affinità tra superfici di NP e proteine può compensare la destabilizzazione che le NP sperimentano in tamponi ad elevata forza ionica, stabilizzandole. Quest’interazione è immediata (soft -non stabile -PC) ma evolve nel tempo (HPC).
Numerosi approcci volti a studiare la composizione dell'HPC hanno raffigurato uno scenario confuso, a causa delle dimensioni delle NP (comparabili con proteine) e della complessità composizionale del siero. Molti di questi studi non offrono un metodo affidabile per determinare la composizione dell'HPC e in alcuni casi sono contraddittori. La scarsa conoscenza della risposta dei nanomateriali in mezzi biologici è un punto chiave di queste controversie. Numerosi parametri, come l’aggregazione, sono sottostimati, ma risultano critici per comprendere la formazione dell'HPC. È necessario quindi sviluppare un protocollo semplice ma efficiente ed affidabile per studiare questi processi.
In questo lavoro si è studiata la formazione di NP-PC con un approccio semplice e attendibile, al fine di determinare composizione e proprietà fisicochimiche dell'HPC oltre alle propriteà strutturali delle proteine adsorbite.
Nella prima parte è studiato l’evoluzione nel tempo del PC su NP di oro 20 nm, come modello di NP metalliche utilizzato in medicina, monitorando evoluzione di proprietà fisicochimiche del PC con spettroscopia UV-Vis, Dynamic Light Scattering, Z-Potential. L’evoluzione dell’HPC proveniente dall'incubazione in siero è confrontata con quella risultante dall'incubazione con solo albumina o IgG, le proteine sieriche più abbondanti. L'evoluzione del PC quando coniugato con una proteina, è inteso come un'impronta digitale dell'adsorbimento di quella specifica proteina. Pertanto, questo confronto suggerisce la composizione finale dell'HPC. La dinamica del PC proveniente dal siero esibisce la dominanza fisicochimica dell'albumina, con poche differenze forse collegate alla presenza di composti minori nell’HPC. L'analisi proteomica conferma il risultato. L'HPC mantiene le sue caratteristiche nel tempo ed esercita un effetto protettivo sul nucleo della NP se introdotte in condizioni di attacco chimico (NaCN e HNO3) che mimano la degradazione metabolica del PC. La proteolisi limitata dell’HPC indica un’alterata metabolizzazione proteica all'interno dell'HCC, probabilmente dovuta ad una sua variazione strutturale.
Nella seconda parte, HPC è studiato su NP di SiO2 di 50 nm, come modello di NP di ossido utilizzato in nanomedicina, utilizzando sia proteine globulari che intrinsecamente disordinate (IDP), con lo scopo di indagare cambiamenti conformazionali indotti dall'interazione con NP. Le IDP esistono in soluzione in un insieme conformazionale, le cui caratteristiche in presenza di NP sono sconosciute. Tre IDP, a-caseina, Sic1 e a-sinucleina sono state analizzate rispetto a lisozima e transferrina (proteine globulari modello). Le struttura nell’HPC è studiata mediante dicroismo circolare e spettroscopia infrarossa a trasformata di Fourier. I risultati indicano che le IDP mantengono il disordine strutturale all'interno dell'HPC, sperimentando minori transizioni conformazionali ma essendo stabilizzate contro variazioni dell’intorno. Le globulari, invece, tendono a perdere la loro struttura ordinata. Le proteine nell'HPC sono visualizzate mediante elettroforesi mentre microscopia elettronica mostra un HPC formato da un singolo strato di molecole proteiche.
Quest'ultima parte apre ampie prospettive sull'uso di NP come agenti che imitano partner molecolari.<br>In complex physiological media proteins form transient complexes with nanoparticles (NPs), mediated by competitive binding between proteins and NP surfaces, leading to the formation of a stable (hard) protein corona (HPC). Understanding the formation and the dynamics of this interaction is crucial for designing NP-based therapies, since HPC determines the biological identity of the NPs in vivo. The strong affinity between NPs surfaces and proteins can compensate the destabilization forces that colloidal NPs experience in high ionic strength media, stabilizing them. This interaction is immediate (soft -non stable –PC) and evolves with time (HPC). Nowadays, different studies regarding HPC composition show contradictory results. The complexity of serum composition, being NP size in the same range of proteins, and lack of reliable methods to determine composition of HPC, are behind these controversies. Several underestimated parameters regarding the response of NPs in physiological media (aggregation, dissolution) are critical determinants to be carefully addressed to better understand the formation of the HPC. In this context, it is necessary to develop simple but efficient and reliable protocols to study these processes. In this work, consequences of NP-PC formation providing a simple and reliable approach for determining both composition and physicochemical characterization of the HPC, and the implication for protein structures, is shown. In the first part, the hardening of the PC on 20 nm AuNPs, as a model case of metallic NP widely used in medicine, was monitored over time by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering and Z-Potential. Results of the process of HPC formation with only albumin or IgG were compared to results of HPC formation in serum. Time evolution of the NP-PC when conjugated with one protein can be understood as a fingerprint of the adsorption of that specific protein. Thus, the study of the PC evolution in serum provided information about the final composition of the HPC. Results showed similar pattern as when incubated when only albumin. Proteomic analysis confirmed the results. In addition, experiments mimicking the natural metabolic degradations of bioconjugates using etching agents (NaCN and HNO3), indicated that HPC exert protective effect on the NP core. Finally, limited proteolysis experiments indicated an altered metabolization of the protein inside the HPC, which can be related to a protein altered conformation in this adsorbed state. In the second part, HPC was studied on 50 nm SiO2 NPs, as a model case of metal oxide NP widely used in nanomedicine, by using either globular and intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), with the aim to investigate conformational changes induced by the interaction with NPs. IDPs exist in solution as conformational ensembles, whose features in the presence of NPs are still unknown. Three IDPs, acasein, Sic1 and asynuclein, were analyzed compared to lysozyme and transferrin (globular proteins model), describing conformational properties inside the HPC by circular dichroism and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Results indicated that IDPs maintain structural disorder inside HPC, experiencing minor, protein-specific, induced folding and stabilization against further conformational transitions. Oppositely, the analyzed globular proteins displayed the tendency to lose their ordered structure. Finally, the Transferrin-Tb complex, was also used in the HPC formation. The detection of the fluorescent properties of Tb upon HPC preparation is reported. By electrophoresis it was observed all the proteins forming the HPC and electron microscopy showed an HPC of a single layer of protein molecules. This latter part of work opens broad perspectives on the use of NP as agents that mimic macromolecular partners, allowing the comprehension of the effect of different factors affecting the interaction by rational design of NP surfaces.
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Cao, Chunhua. "Exploring the Test of Covariate Moderation Effect and the Impact of Model Misspecification in Multilevel MIMIC Models." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6688.
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In multilevel MIMIC models, covariates at the between level and at the within level can be modeled simultaneously. Covariates interaction effect occurs when the effect of one covariate on the latent factor varies depending on the level of the other covariate. The two covariates can be both at the between level, both at the within level, and one at the between level and the other one at the within level. And they can create between level covariates interaction, within level covariates interaction, and cross level covariates interaction. Study One purports to examine the performance of multilevel MIMIC models in estimating the covariates interaction described above. Type I error of falsely detecting covariates interaction when there is no covariates interaction effect in the population model, and the power of correctly detecting the covariates interaction effect, bias of the estimate of interaction effect, and RMSE are examined. The design factors include the location of the covariates interaction effect, cluster number, cluster size, intra-class correlation (ICC) level, and magnitude of the interaction effect. The results showed that ML MIMIC performed well in detecting the covariates interaction effect when the covariates interaction effect was at the within level or cross level. However, when the covariates interaction effect was at the between level, the performance of ML MIMIC depended on the magnitude of the interaction effect, ICC, and sample size, especially cluster size. In Study Two, the impact of omitting covariates interaction effect on the estimate of other parameters is investigated when the covariates interaction effect is present in the population model. Parameter estimates of factor loadings, intercepts, main effects of the covariates, and residual variances produced by the correct model in Study One are compared to those produced by the misspecified model to check the impact. Moreover, the sensitivity of fit indices, such as chi-square, CFI, RMSEA, SRMR-B (between), and SRM-W (within) are also examined. Results indicated that none of the fit indices was sensitive to the omission of the covariates interaction effect. The biased parameter estimates included the two covariates main effect and the between-level factor mean.
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Gohres, Rachel Ann. "ANALYSIS OF PROTEIN PRE-COATINGS AND THEIR EFFECT ON ENDOTHELIAL CELL ADHESION IN A TISSUE ENGINEERED BLOOD VESSEL MIMIC." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/961.
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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in developing countries. Because thousands of people are affected by this disease, medical device companies are constantly developing new intravascular devices in attempt to cure or alleviate the symptoms of the disease. However, before these devices can be brought to market or implanted in to patients, they must complete three stages of testing to receive FDA approval. These testing stages include: in vitro testing, in vivo testing, and clinical trials. Currently, there is a large gap between in vitro and in vivo testing because it is difficult to obtain physiologic information about a device during in vitro testing. Therefore, to obtain this information, most devices move on to in vivo testing , increasing the amount of time, money and animal models used during the approval process. In attempt to overcome this limitation of the approval process, Dr. Kristen Cardinal developed a tissue engineered blood vessel mimic (BVM) to bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo testing to efficiently test intravascular devices. However, before the BVM can be utilized to test intravascular devices, key limitations must be overcome. The limitation addressed in this thesis is the lack of endothelial cell adhesion to the PLGA scaffold used in the BVM. In attempt to overcome this limitation, protein pre-coatings were characterized in 6-well plates and then implemented in to the BVM to determine if endothelial cell adhesion could be increased.
The aim of this thesis was to analyze and compare the effects of different protein pre-coatings coatings on endothelial cell adhesion in 6-well plates and the BVM. The first phase of this thesis sought to characterize the coatings and their effects on cell attachment in a controlled and efficient setting. Different aspects of coating protocols were developed during this phase including the optimization of incubation periods and analysis protocols. The second phase of this thesis included the implementation of the most effective pre-coatings from the 6-well plate studies (Conditioning Media and ProNectin-F) in to the BVM to determine which coating was most effective in increasing cell attachment and reducing cell loss after flow exposure. Using fluorescent staining and image analysis, it was concluded that Conditioning Media was as effective as ProNectin-F in increasing cell attachment and retention in the BVM. While both coatings significantly increased the number of cells adhered compared to a non-coated scaffold, the endothelial lining in the lumen was not 100% confluent. Therefore, other coatings and/or combinations of coatings can be studied in the future to continue to improve cell attachment in the BVM system.
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Zhang, Yu. "Photothermal effect of PS coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles via near-infrared laser and effect of mimic body tissue depth on hyperthermic ablation of MDA-MB-231." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1445343075.
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Kittiponkul, Vipavadee. "Effect of oxidative stress on Escherichia coli sodA-sodB-: protection by the mimic of superoxide dismutase, Mn(III)-salophen." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11012008-063433/.
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Zoumpoulaki, Martha. "MnSOD Mimics : analytical mass spectrometry-based techniques to quantify their amount and biological effect in inflamed intestinal epithelial cells." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS518.
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Le déséquilibre intracellulaire entre antioxydants et pro-oxydants est impliqué dans le développement de nombreuses pathologies, comme les maladies inflammatoires chroniques intestinales-MICI. Le fait que la superoxyde dismutase à manganèse (MnSOD) soit la première ligne de défense antioxydante nous a conduit à tester le rôle des mimes de SOD comme agents anti-inflammatoire dans le contexte des MICI. Mn1 est facilement synthétisé, stable, avec une bonne activité anti-superoxyde intrinsèque et anti-inflammatoire sur des cellules épithéliales intestinales (HT29-MD2) en situation de stress oxydant. La présence de Mn1 intact (ligand+Mn2+) à l'intérieur des HT29-MD2, créées pour étudier l'inflammation intestinale est démontrée avec une stratégie en spectrométrie de masse (IMS-MS). Après 6 h d'incubation avec 100 µM Mn1 et LPS 0.1 µg/mL, Mn1 a été détecté en forme intacte avec une concentration intracellulaire estimée à 10 µM. En utilisant la stratégie OcSILAC, qui permet de quantifier simultanément l’expression des protéines et le niveau d’oxydation de cystéines de l’ensemble du protéome, nous avons démontré qu’une oxydation est induite par le LPS dès 15min (dans la fraction organelles dont la mitochondrie) et qu’elle se résout après 6h-LPS, avec une surexpression de la MnSOD (dès 3h). Quand il est coincubé avec LPS, Mn1 est capable de limiter l’oxydation totale des protéines à 15 min (70% dans les membranes/organelles) et de remplacer l’action de la MnSOD à 6h. Mn1 également rétablit en leur niveau basal la majorité des protéines sous et surexprimées par l’activation au LPS. Nos résultats démontrent ainsi le potentiel du Mn1 comme nouvel agent thérapeutique contre les MICI<br>The intracellular imbalance between antioxidants and pro-oxidants is involved in the development of many pathologies (like chronic inflammatory bowel diseases-IBD). The fact that manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the first line of antioxidant defense led us to study the role of MnSOD mimics as anti-inflammatory agents in the context of IBD. Mn1 is easily synthesized, stable, with good intrinsic anti-superoxide activity and anti-inflammatory activity on intestinal epithelial cells (HT29-MD2). The presence of intact Mn1 (ligand+Mn2+) inside HT29-MD2, created to study intestinal inflammation, was demonstrated using mass spectrometry (IMSMS). After 6h of incubation with 100 µM Mn1 and with LPS 0.1 µg/mL, Mn1 was detected intact with an estimated intracellular concentration of 10 µM. Using the OcSILAC strategy, making possible to simultaneously quantify protein expression and oxidation at the proteome-wide cysteine level, it has been demonstrated that an oxidation was induced by LPS from 15min (in the organelles fraction, including mitochondria) and was resolved after 6h-LPS, with an overexpression of MnSOD (after 3h). When coincubated with LPS, Mn1 limited the total protein oxidation at 15min (70% in the membranes/organelles) and compensate for MnSOD at 6h. Mn1 also restored to their basal levels most of the proteins that were under and overexpressed upon LPS activation. Our results thus demonstrate the potential of Mn1 as a new therapeutic agent against IBD
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BENEŠ, Josef. "Effect of the search image on the lizard ability to reveal a Batesian mimic." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-204442.
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The effect of the search image on the ability of hand reared skinks (Chalcides sexlineatus) to reveal a "fake" Batesian mimic was tested with respect to their previous experience with palatable experimental prey (Guyana spotted cockroach Blaptica dubia) which served as a motivational prey as well as midsized mealworm beetle larvae (Tenebrio molitor). The red firebug (Pyrrhocoris apterus) was used as an aposematic model.
Books on the topic "Mimic-effect"
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Valenzuela, S. O., and T. Kimura. Experimental observation of the spin Hall effect using electronic nonlocal detection. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787075.003.0014.
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This chapter shows how the spin Hall effect (SHE) has been described as a source of spin-polarized electrons for electronic applications without the need for ferromagnets or optical injection. Because spin accumulation does not produce an obvious measurable electrical signal, electronic detection of the SHE proved to be elusive and was preceded by optical demonstrations. Several experimental schemes for the electronic detection of the SHE had been originally proposed, including the use of ferromagnetic electrodes to determine the spin accumulation at the edges of the sample. However, the difficulty of sample fabrication and the presence of spin-related phenomena such as anisotropic magnetoresistance or the anomalous Hall effect in the ferromagnetic electrodes could mask or even mimic the SHE signal in the sample layouts.
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Amanzio, Martina, and Sara Palermo. Conceptualizing Placebo as Active Component and Adjunct in Psychological Treatment. Edited by Sara Maltzman. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199739134.013.20.
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Studies on placebo analgesic effects have shown that they can mimic the neurophysiological effects of active medication and can result in subjective pain relief. Classical conditioning and expectancy have been implicated as mechanisms mediating the placebo response. Given that the effects of placebo, psychological treatments, and active medications appear to be mediated by overlapping neurophysiological systems, intricate interactions of pharmacological and psychosocial factors must be assumed to converge at the neurobiological level. Study of the placebo response offers a paradigm and opportunity to study the effect of the psychosocial context per se, placebo treatment, psychotherapy, and active medication effects, thus offering exciting possibilities for improving the healthcare of patients and their ability to obtain the best possible health outcomes.
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Andrade, M. J. Tumours and masses. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199599639.003.0022.
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Transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography is the first-line diagnostic tool for imaging space-occupying lesions of the heart. Cardiac masses can be classified as tumours, thrombi, vegetations, iatrogenic material, or normal variants. Occasionally, extracardiac masses may compress the heart and create a mass effect. Cardiac masses may be suspected from the clinical presentation. This is the case in patients with an embolic event presumed of cardiac origin or in patients with infective endocarditis. Otherwise, a cardiac mass can be identified during the routine investigation of common, non-specific cardiac manifestations or as an incidental finding.In general, an integrated approach which correlates the patient’s clinical picture with the echocardiographic findings may reasonably predict the specific nature of encountered cardiac masses and, in the case of tumours, discriminate between primary versus secondary, and benign versus malignant. Furthermore, echocardiography alone or with complementary imaging modalities, can provide information to help decide on the resectability of cardiac tumours, enhance effective diagnosis and management of infective endocarditis, and assist in planning therapy and follow-up. Because several normal structures and variants may mimic pathological lesions, a thorough knowledge of potential sources of misinterpretation is crucial for a correct diagnosis. After surgical resection, histological investigation is mandatory to confirm the diagnosis.
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Andrade, Maria João, Jadranka Separovic Hanzevacki, and Ricardo Ronderos. Cardiac tumours. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0052.
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Transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography represent the first-line diagnostic tools for imaging space-occupying lesions of the heart. Cardiac masses can be classified as tumours, thrombi, vegetations, iatrogenic material, or normal variants. Occasionally, extracardiac masses may compress the heart and create a mass effect. Cardiac masses may be suspected from the clinical presentation. This is the case in patients with an embolic event presumed to be of cardiac origin or in patients with infective endocarditis. Otherwise, a cardiac mass can be identified during the routine investigation of common, non-specific cardiac manifestations or as an incidental finding. In general, an integrated approach which correlates the patient’s clinical picture with the echocardiographic findings may reasonably predict the specific nature of encountered cardiac masses and, in the case of tumours, discriminate between primary versus secondary, and benign versus malignant. Furthermore, echocardiography alone or with complementary imaging modalities, can provide information to decide on the resectability of cardiac tumours and assist on planning the therapy and follow-up. Because several normal structures and variants may mimic pathological lesions, a thorough knowledge of potential sources of misinterpretation is crucial for a correct diagnosis. After surgical resection, histological investigation is mandatory to confirm the diagnosis.
Book chapters on the topic "Mimic-effect"
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Chong, Deirdre, John Farhad Hanifzai, Hassan Adam, Jorge Garcia, and Jorge Ramón Fonseca Cacho. "Using Machine Learning to Process Filters and Mimic Instant Camera Effect." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70416-2_57.
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Al-Osaimi, Hanan, and Areej Althubiti. "Gestational Rheumatology." In Skills in Rheumatology. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8323-0_17.
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AbstractThere are changes that occur in the maternal organ systems due to increased demands of pregnancy. Most of the rheumatic disorders occur in the reproductive age group. The hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy may mimic the signs and symptoms of rheumatic disorders thereby making the diagnosis difficult. Rheumatological disorders need to be diagnosed and treated at least 6 months before the onset of pregnancy; otherwise they may have considerable effect on the prognosis of the disease. This is particularly evident in cases of SLE and anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome. Therefore, pregnancy is a crucial issue that needs to be clearly addressed in details in all female patients in the reproductive age group having some of the rheumatological disorders.
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Vartanian, Oshin, Cathy Boscarino, Jerzy Jarmasz, and Vlad Zotov. "Training-Related Stress and Performance in the Military." In Handbook of Military Sciences. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02866-4_60-1.
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AbstractConsiderable research has focused on the effects of stress on the performance of military personnel on the battlefield. Less studied are the effects of stress on the performance of military personnel in the course of routine activities such as training. This chapter takes stock of stressors that impact learning and performance on a wide host of training-related activities, including simulated stress. This literature suggests a nuanced relationship between stress and performance in training, and highlights the moderating and mediating effects that social, contextual, and individual-differences factors exert on that relationship. Importantly, although training scenarios aim to mimic realistic levels of stress to develop resilience, it is critical that stress induced in the training environment does not surpass the regulatory abilities of the trainees to cause impairments in learning. Toward that end, we discuss regulatory mechanisms that can be engaged to manage the effect of stress on training-related performance, as well as novel findings from systems neuroscience on how the brain responds to the presence of acute stress.
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Gentilal, Nichal, Ricardo Salvador, and Pedro Cavaleiro Miranda. "A Thermal Study of Tumor-Treating Fields for Glioblastoma Therapy." In Brain and Human Body Modeling 2020. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45623-8_3.
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AbstractTumor-treating fields (TTFields) is an antimitotic cancer treatment technique used for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and malignant pleural mesothelioma. Although the frequency used is not as high as in hyperthermia, temperature increases due to the Joule effect might be meaningful given the necessary time that these fields should be applied for. Post hoc analysis of the EF-11 clinical trial showed higher median overall survival in patients whose compliance was at least 18 h per day. To quantify these temperature increases and predict the thermal impact of TTFields delivery to the head, we used a realistic model created from MR images segmented in five tissues: scalp, skull, CSF, gray matter (GM), and white matter (WM). Through COMSOL Multiphysics, we solved Laplace’s equation for the electric field and Pennes’ equation for the temperature distribution. To mimic the therapy as realistically as possible, we also considered complete current shutdown whenever any transducer reached 41 °C to allow transducers and tissues’ temperature to decrease. Our results indicate an intermittent operation of Optune due to this necessary current shutdown. Localized temperature increases were seen, especially underneath the regions where the transducers were placed. Maximum temperature values were around 41.5 °C on the scalp and 38 °C on the brain. According to the literature, significant thermal impact is only predicted for the brain where the rise in temperature may lead to an increased BBB permeability and variation in the blood flow and neurotransmitter concentration. Additionally, our results showed that if the injected current is reduced by around 25% compared to Optune’s standard way of operating, then uninterrupted treatment might be attainable. These predictions might be used to improve TTFields delivery in real patients and to increase awareness regarding possible thermal effects not yet reported elsewhere.
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"Sources of artefact." In Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, edited by James Stirrup, Russell Bull, Michelle Williams, and Ed Nicol. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198809272.003.0011.
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This chapter describes reasons for artefacts appearing on CT scan images. It covers beam hardening, partial volume effect, motion artefacts, data gaps and interpolation errors, ECG interpretation errors, centreline tracking errors, and artefacts that mimic coronary stenoses.
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Pilkinton, Patricia, and Lori L. Davis. "General Medical Conditions." In Depression, edited by Carly Yasinski, Bonnie Seifert, Callan M. Coghlan, and Barbara O. Rothbaum. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190929565.003.0009.
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The differential diagnosis of major depressive disorder should include a comprehensive evaluation of past and current medical disorders. Comorbid medical conditions and/or their treatments can be a root cause or a contributor to the depressive episode. Conversely, symptoms of depression can exacerbate or mimic a medical condition. This chapter reviews cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, gastrointestinal, hepatic, immunologic, dermatologic, and neurologic medical conditions that can mimic or exacerbate depression, as well as cancer and pain. Suggestions for treatment and management of depression are provided for each major organ system, as well as medications that have possible depression as a side effect. Untreated depression in patients with general medical conditions is a modifiable risk factor for poor medical outcomes.
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Wu, Wei, Changhui Deng, Jennifer L. Brockman, Linda A. Schuler, and Ameae M. Walker. "Superior Stimulation of β-Casein mRNA Accumulation by Pseudophosphorylated Prolactin: Enhanced Transcription and Message Stabilization." In Milk Protein - New Research Approaches. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101256.
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A proportion of secreted pituitary prolactin (PRL) is phosphorylated. However, because most commercial sources of PRL are recombinant proteins without posttranslational modification, the importance of PRL phosphorylation to the production of milk proteins is an understudied area. Here, we have examined the effect of PRL phosphorylation on expression of the milk protein, β-casein, using a phospho-stable mimic of the phosphorylated form (S179D-PRL) and analyzing promoter activation and mRNA stability over a 7-day treatment period in response to this and unmodified PRL. At equivalent concentrations, the phospho-mimic showed a superior ability to activate a −2300 → +490 region of the promoter, but not an artificial promoter consisting of three Stat5 consensus sites upstream of a minimal promoter. Unlike unmodified PRL, S179D-PRL was also able to stabilize β-casein mRNA. These effects of S179D-PRL were eliminated by incubation in the MAP kinase pathway inhibitor, U0126, bringing promoter activation down to the level seen with unmodified PRL and essentially eliminating the effect on mRNA stability. These results support an important role for the posttranslational phosphorylation of PRL and signaling through the MAP kinase pathway in the production of this milk protein.
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Wu, Wei, Changhui Deng, Jennifer L. Brockman, Linda A. Schuler, and Ameae M. Walker. "Superior Stimulation of β-Casein mRNA Accumulation by Pseudophosphorylated Prolactin: Enhanced Transcription and Message Stabilization." In Milk Protein - New Research Approaches. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101256.
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A proportion of secreted pituitary prolactin (PRL) is phosphorylated. However, because most commercial sources of PRL are recombinant proteins without posttranslational modification, the importance of PRL phosphorylation to the production of milk proteins is an understudied area. Here, we have examined the effect of PRL phosphorylation on expression of the milk protein, β-casein, using a phospho-stable mimic of the phosphorylated form (S179D-PRL) and analyzing promoter activation and mRNA stability over a 7-day treatment period in response to this and unmodified PRL. At equivalent concentrations, the phospho-mimic showed a superior ability to activate a −2300 → +490 region of the promoter, but not an artificial promoter consisting of three Stat5 consensus sites upstream of a minimal promoter. Unlike unmodified PRL, S179D-PRL was also able to stabilize β-casein mRNA. These effects of S179D-PRL were eliminated by incubation in the MAP kinase pathway inhibitor, U0126, bringing promoter activation down to the level seen with unmodified PRL and essentially eliminating the effect on mRNA stability. These results support an important role for the posttranslational phosphorylation of PRL and signaling through the MAP kinase pathway in the production of this milk protein.
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Paul, Sharon J. "Conducting Tips." In Art & Science in the Choral Rehearsal. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190863760.003.0010.
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Since efficient and communicative gesture enhances good rehearsal technique, this chapter presents twelve conducting tips to encourage an extensive and varied gestural vocabulary, with the goal of eliciting a full range of expressive responses from singers. Additionally, the chapter explores implications for conductors of the “chameleon effect,” the tendency of people to unintentionally mimic the behaviors and expressions of others. From postural alignment to the shape of their lip position, research has shown that singers will unknowingly imitate a conductor’s physical behaviors. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the pros and cons of conducting concerts completely from memory.
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Mingazova, Leniza, Elena Karpova, Olga Orlova, and Ada Artemenko. "Comprehensive Rehabilitation of Patients with Facial Expression Asymmetry and Synkinesis with Botulinum Toxin Type A and Monofilament Mesothreads." In Facial Nerve Palsy - A Practitioner’s Guide [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106694.
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Facial neuropathy is a lesion of the facial nerve of various nature happening at different anatomical levels, which is manifested by unilateral paralysis or paresis of the facial muscles and is complicated by synkinesis and contractures of the paretic muscles. The leading clinical symptom of this disorder is mimic asymmetry, which occurs as a result of a violation of the neuromuscular balance of both hemifaces (weakness on the side of the lesion and hypertonicity on the contralateral side). Understanding the special functional state of the unaffected hemiface made it possible to develop a pathogenetically substantiated method for the treatment of mimic asymmetry. The effect of botulinum toxin type A on the muscles of the healthy hemiface contributes to a better restoration of the motor activity of the affected muscles and the symmetry of the face. Implantation of monofilament mesothreads in the facial area was used to correct synkinesis. We have proposed a method that creates a rigid mesh frame using mesothreads between the skin and the muscles of facial expression in the area of synkinesis. This led to a significant decrease in the severity of clinical symptoms, a decrease in the frequency and amplitude of involuntary muscle contractions in the face.
Conference papers on the topic "Mimic-effect"
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Cao, Chunhua. "Exploring the Impact of Omitting Covariates Interaction Effect in Multilevel Multiple Indicators, Multiple Causes (MIMIC) Models." In 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1575686.
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Jabbari, E., and SK Sarvestani. "Abstract P1-06-09: Engineered model matrix to mimic cancer stem cell microenvironment: Effect of integrin and heparin binding peptides." In Abstracts: Thirty-Sixth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium - Dec 10-14, 2013; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p1-06-09.
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Cleary, MP, NK Mizuno, D.-Q. Yang, J. Liao, and ME Grossmann. "Abstract P3-11-02: Weight maintenance initiated at midlife reduces mammary tumor incidence but metformin treatment does not mimic the effect." In Abstracts: Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 8-12, 2015; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p3-11-02.
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Karajgikar, Saket, Veerendra Mulay, Abhilash Menon, Dereje Agonafer, and Jiahui Zhang. "Optimization of Location of a Power Cell for Energy Efficient Operation of Air Cool Drives." In ASME 2009 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME 2009 Summer Heat Transfer Conference and the ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/interpack2009-89189.
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In this paper, Siemen’s air cooled drive systems is analyzed for its energy efficient operation. It consists of various individual power cells, which further houses different electrical/electronic components of the system. The cells are stacked in an array of 3×3. An blower is used to pull the ambient air through the individual cells in order to operate them at low temperatures. However, distribution of air through all the cells may not be uniform. Thus, in order to operate electronics within permissible limits, sometimes it may be desirable to have flow rates higher than required. In this paper, first a simple representative cell (mimic cell) was fabricated whose system resistance was similar to that of original power cell. The simpler mimic cell was further used to perform numerical optimization wherein location of all the mimic cell is varied in order to reduce the mal distribution. The analysis showed that location of all the power cells is extremely critical. Also, the location of fan had a noticeable effect on the flow distribution. The optimized case resulted in mal-distribution of 16 cfm compared to 29.5 cfm for the baseline scenario.
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Hinebaugh, J., and A. Bazylak. "Pore Network Modeling to Study the Effects of Common Assumptions in GDL Liquid Water Invasion Studies." In ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2012-91466.
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Topologically equivalent pore network modelling of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell gas diffusion layer (GDL) materials was employed to simulate ex-situ liquid water invasion experiments commonly conducted to investigate multiphase transport in PEM fuel cells. Stochastic, three dimensional pore spaces are numerically reconstructed to mimic carbon fibre paper based GDL materials. A watershed based method was used for extracting pore networks from a range of sample sizes. Invasion percolation was employed to simulate liquid water originating at one surface of the material and percolating through to the opposite surface. Inlet reservoir areas were chosen to mimic those used in ex-situ experiments in literature. It was found that sample size has a strong overall effect on saturation levels and inlet conditions primarily affected saturation near the inlet.
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Przytarski, Pawel J., and Andrew P. S. Wheeler. "The Effect of Rotor-Stator Gap on Repeating-Stage Compressor Loss." In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-91007.
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Abstract In this paper we study the effect of rotor-stator axial gap on midspan compressor loss using high fidelity Large-Eddy Simulations. For this purpose we mimic the multi-stage environment using a new numerical method which recycles wake unsteadiness from a single blade passage back into the inlet of the computational domain. As a result a type of repeating-stage simulation is obtained such as observed by an embedded blade-row. We find that freestream turbulence levels rise significantly as the size of the rotor-stator axial gap is reduced. This is because of the effect of axial gap on turbulence production, which becomes amplified at smaller axial gaps and drives increases in dissipation and loss. This effect is found to raise loss by between 7–9.5% over the range of conditions tested here. This effect significantly outweighs the beneficial effects of wake recovery on loss.
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Park, Jaebum, and Kishore Mohanty. "Design of Surrogate Oils for Surfactant-Brine-Oil Phase Behavior." In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209427-ms.
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Abstract Many conventional surfactant-brine-oil phase behavior tests are conducted under ambient pressure conditions without the solution gas. It is known that the solution gas lowers the optimum salinity. Researchers often mix toluene (or cyclohexane) with the dead oil and form a surrogate oil to mimic the live oil. The objective of our work is to study the effect of gas and toluene on phase behavior, and to provide the proper amount of toluene to be mixed to mimic the live oil. Effects of toluene in surrogate oil and solution gas in live oil are examined by hydrophilic-lipophilic difference and net average curvature (HLD-NAC) structural model simulation and the equivalent alkane carbon number (EACN). Experimental values from literature and our experiments are also examined to compare those with the simulation results. For the simulation, both the mole fraction and mass fraction were used to calculate mixture EACN and examine the effect of additional components. HLD-NAC simulation results showed that the mass fraction-based simulation is more accurate (~7% error) than mole fraction-based simulation (~19% error) with a toluene EACN of 1. For larger molecules like toluene in surrogate oil, EACN using mole fraction also works with a toluene EACN of 5.2. The EACN of the surrogate oil should match the EACN of the live oil to determine the proper amount of toluene in the surrogate oil.
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Alinaghian, Yaser, Mahyar Asadi, and Arnaud Weck. "Non-Local Damage Model to Predict the Effect of Pre-Strain on Ductile Fracture in Aluminum Alloy 5052." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78381.
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Metallic components may develop plastic deformation before in-service loading (pre-strain) due to manufacturing process and/or unexpected loading. This pre-strain not only affects the yield strength of the material but also influences its fracture properties. The work presented here employed laser drilled model materials to better understand the effect of pre-strain on ductile fracture in aluminum alloy 5052. The micron-size laser drilled holes mimic voids forming during ductile fracture. These laser holes are introduced after the material has been pulled in tension to various amounts of pre-strain. The effect of pre-strain on void growth and linkage leading to fracture is studied. A non-local damage is used in a finite element model to predict linkage between voids. This non-local damage has only two adjustable parameters, namely the local failure strain in uniaxial tension and the characteristic length L which intervenes in the non-local averaging scheme. The precise arrangement of the laser holes can be exactly reproduced in the finite element model which allows the model to be validated with the experimental results.
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Merrikh, A. A., and J. L. Lage. "Time-Dependent Diffusion in the Alveolar Region of the Lungs: Effect of Moving Red Blood Cells." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39530.
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Results from a preliminary numerical simulation of alveolar gas diffusion with moving capillary red blood cells (RBCs) are presented. The alveolar region is modeled with four basic constituents, namely the alveolus (or gas region), the tissue (a region lumping the alveolar and capillary membranes, and the interstitial fluid), the blood plasma (a liquid region) and the RBCs. A single, straight capillary with equally spaced RBCs moving together with the blood plasma is considered in this preliminary study. The numerical simulation attempts also to mimic the time-varying gas concentration in the alveolus region due to respiration. Realistic physical parameters (e.g., dimensions, diffusivities and RBCs speed) are used for simulating CO diffusion, in accordance to clinical tests for determining the lung diffusing capacity. Results are compared to published results obtained when the RBCs are fix in place (stationary). The RBCs moving effect, relevant at high hematocrit, is to increase the resulting lung diffusing capacity.
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Dabaja, Rana, Bogdan I. Popa, Sun-Yung Bak, Gustavo Mendonca, and Mihaela Banu. "Design and Manufacturing of a Functionally Graded Porous Dental Implant." In ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-85426.
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Abstract Dental implants are a prosthesis for missing teeth that are made to match a natural tooth. Current dental implants experience a high risk of failure in patients that have diseases affecting the oral region. When the patient experiences one or more of these diseases, the interface between the bone and implant is compromised and patients can experience low success rates or insufficient remaining bone structure. The purpose of this research is to create a dental implant technology that is suitable for both healthy and unhealthy patients. In the solutions studied, inducing pores into the Ti6Al4V implant proved to mimic the material properties of natural bone resulting in enhanced osseointegration. We plan to create an innovative solution with enhanced osseointegration that will ensure a gradient in mechanical properties. The complex geometry of the pore-induced dental implant is manufactured using the additive manufacturing method of selective laser melting (SLM). In this research, a functionally graded porous disk was designed using lattice-like pores to mimic the structure of bone. Multiple samples were created with 50-micron pores and printing was studied to test the capabilities of the SLM machine and resolution of the samples. It was found that the parameters play a role in the print resolution of the design. Additional porosity was induced through a keyhole effect during selective melting process.