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Journal articles on the topic 'Millimeter wave range'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

Lee, Woosang, Minwoo Yi, Joonho So, Dong-seok Kim, and Young Joong Yoon. "A Millimeter-Wave Compact Antenna Test Range." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 27, no. 5 (June 7, 2016): 471–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.5.471.

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2

Peng, Shu Sheng, Feng Xu, Li Wu, and Jian Zhong Xu. "A Short-Range Millimeter-Wave Detector System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.102.

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This paper is focused on a millimeter-wave detector system that works at self-heterodyne mode. The detector antenna and MMW front-end are integrated and a weak heterodyne signal is amplified with a low-noise amplifier. After high-speed sampled with a high-speed A/D, digital signal are processed in a FPGA. Some experiment results are shown finally.

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3

Kocharyan, K. N., M. Afsar, and I. I. Tkachov. "Millimeter-wave magnetooptics: New method for characterization of ferrites in the millimeter-wave range." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 47, no. 12 (1999): 2636–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.809018.

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4

Shahinyan, M. A., M. S. Mikaelyan, M. A. Torosyan, and A. T. Karapetyan. "EFFECT OF MILLIMETER RANGE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES ON COMPLEX-FORMATION OF ETHIDIUM BROMIDE AND HOECHST 33258 WITH DNA." Proceedings of the YSU B: Chemical and Biological Sciences 54, no. 2 (252) (August 17, 2020): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/pysu:b/2020.54.2.125.

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In this work, the effect of millimeter range electromagnetic waves on the melting parameters of DNA complexes with ethidium bromide (EtBr) and Hoechst 33258 (H33258) has been studied. It has been shown that the millimeter wave irradiation of water-saline solutions of DNA complexes with ligands leads to significant changes in the water structure, which in turn results in relevant alteration of the thermodynamic characteristics of DNA–ligand complexes. It has also been shown that the irradiation of the water-saline solutions of DNA–H33258 complexes with millimeter waves of 64.5 GHz frequency results in the manifestation of the ligand specific interaction at the high ionic strengths, which is not observed in the absence of irradiation. With the millimeter wave irradiation, as a consequence of increasing of the degree of DNA hydration, the interaction mode of EtBr with DNA is non-specific to sequences, but the intercalation mode does not change.

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5

Yang, Xiaofan, Xiaoming Liu, Shuo Yu, Lu Gan, Jun Zhou, and Yonghu Zeng. "Permittivity of Undoped Silicon in the Millimeter Wave Range." Electronics 8, no. 8 (August 10, 2019): 886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8080886.

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With the rapid development of millimeter wave technology, it is a fundamental requirement to understand the permittivity of materials in this frequency range. This paper describes the dielectric measurement of undoped silicon in the E-band (60–90 GHz) using a free-space quasi-optical system. This system is capable of creating local plane wave, which is desirable for dielectric measurement in the millimeter wave range. Details of the design and performance of the quasi-optical system are presented. The principle of dielectric measurement and retrieval process are described incorporating the theories of wave propagation and scattering parameters. Measured results of a sheet of undoped silicon are in agreement with the published results in the literature, within a discrepancy of 1%. It is also observed that silicon has a small temperature coefficient for permittivity. This work is helpful for understanding the dielectric property of silicon in the millimeter wave range. The method is applicable to other electronic materials as well as liquid samples.

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6

Nikolaev, N. A., A. A. Mamrashev, V. D. Antsygin, D. M. Ezhov, D. M. Lubenko, V. A. Svetlichnyi, Yu M. Andreev, and V. F. Losev. "Millimetre-wave range optical properties of BIBO." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2067, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2067/1/012011.

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Abstract We present the thorough studies of optical properties of BiB3O6 (BIBO) crystal in the millimeter-wave (subterahertz) range. We observe a large birefringence Δn = nZ -nX = 1.5 and the values of absorption coefficients of all three axes to be less than 0.5 cm−1 at the frequency of 0.3 THz. The difference from visible range in angle ϕ between the dielectric axis z and crystallophysical axis X is found to be more than 6°. The simulated phase-matching curves in the xz plane of the crystal show the optimal value of the angle θ to be around 25.5°±1° for an efficient millimeter-wave generation under the pump of 1064 nm laser radiation.

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7

Handoko, E., M. A. Marpaung, R. Fahdiran, Z. Jalil, and M. Alaydrus. "Millimeter Wave Absorption Properties of Teflon at Frequency Range from 50 GHz to 67 GHz." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2019/1/012105.

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Abstract In this paper, teflon material with dimensions 3.76 mm×1.88 mm×1.6 mm was prepared from the Indonesia materials market for the millimeter wave characteristics. The permeability, permittivity, and millimeter wave absorption properties were studied using a vector network analyzer in the frequency range of 50−67 GHz. The results indicated that teflon material have a good reflection loss and broadband absorption and a appropriate absorber in the millimeter wave frequency range.

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8

Zhang, He, Hua Zong, and Jinghui Qiu. "A Range Resolution Enhancement Algorithm for Active Millimeter Wave Based on Phase Unwrapping Mechanism." Electronics 10, no. 14 (July 15, 2021): 1689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10141689.

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Traditional security check technology is mainly based on metal detection by manual inspection. This method is simple and convenient, can detect a few different kinds of contrabands, and also takes into account the safety of inspectors. Because of its strong penetration characteristics, millimeter waves make up for the deficiency of existing security check technologies. Therefore, it is urgent to research and develop millimeter wave holographic imaging technology for human security inspection. In traditional imaging methods, the azimuthal resolution can be improved through various methods of image processing, but the traditional way to improve the range direction resolution is to increase the system bandwidth. However, improvements of the system bandwidth will greatly increase the cost. The bandwidth improvement space is also limited, so it cannot be expanded indefinitely in practical applications. In this study, the interferometric synthetic aperture theory was used to improve the range direction resolution of 3D millimeter wave holographic images without improving the system bandwidth. Phase unwrapping was used to reconstruct the phase information of complex images and restore the continuous phase distribution of the target object so as to achieve improvement of the range direction resolution without increasing the system bandwidth. This work has theoretical guiding significance to improve the range resolution of millimeter wave imaging.

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9

Esmail, B. A. F., H. A. Majid, Z. Z. Abidin, S. H. Dahlan, and M. K. A. Rahim. "Reconfigurable Metamaterial Structure at Millimeter Wave Frequency Range." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 6 (December 1, 2017): 2942. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i6.pp2942-2949.

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In this paper, reconfigurable metamaterial structure at millimeter wave frequency range was designed and simulated for a future fifth generation (5G) mobile-phone beam switching applications. The new proposed structure was composed of a bridge-shaped resonator (BSR) in the front face and strip line at the back face of the unit cell which operates at 28 GHz. First, non-reconfigurable low loss BSR unit cell was designed and subsequently, the reconfigurability was achieved using four switches formed in the gaps of the structure. The proposed structure achieves the lowest loss and almost full transmission among its counterparts by -0.06 dB (0.99 in linear scale). To demonstrate the reconfigurability of the metamaterial, the reflection and transmission coefficients and real parts of the effective refractive index at each reconfigured frequency were studied and investigated. Simulation results showed that a high transmission and reflection peaks occur at each resonance frequency according to change the state of the switches.

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10

Nosov, V. I., O. S. Bolshakov, G. M. Bubnov, V. F. Vdovin, I. I. Zinchenko, A. S. Marukhno, P. L. Nikiforov, L. I. Fedoseev, and A. A. Shvetsov. "A dual-wave atmosphere transparency radiometer of the millimeter wave range." Instruments and Experimental Techniques 59, no. 3 (May 2016): 374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020441216020111.

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11

Zhadobov, Maxim, Nacer Chahat, Ronan Sauleau, Catherine Le Quement, and Yves Le Drean. "Millimeter-wave interactions with the human body: state of knowledge and recent advances." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 3, no. 2 (March 1, 2011): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078711000122.

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The biocompatibility of millimeter-wave devices and systems is an important issue due to the wide number of emerging body-centric wireless applications at millimeter waves. This review article provides the state of knowledge in this field and mainly focuses on recent results and advances related to the different aspects of millimeter-wave interactions with the human body. Electromagnetic, thermal, and biological aspects are considered and analyzed for exposures in the 30-100 GHz range with a particular emphasis on the 60-GHz band. Recently introduced dosimetric techniques and specific instrumentation for bioelectromagnetic laboratory studies are also presented. Finally, future trends are discussed.

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12

Zagubisalo, Peter S., Andrey G. Paulish, and Sergey A. Kuznetsov. "Simulation of thermal processes in metamaterial millimeter-wave to infrared converter for millimeter-wave imager." International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 05, supp01 (October 2014): 1441009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962314410098.

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The main characteristics of millimeter-wave (MM-wave) image detector were simulated by means of accurate numerical modeling of thermophysical processes in a metamaterial MM-to-IR converter. The converter represents a multilayer structure consisting of an ultra thin resonant metamaterial absorber and a perfect emissive layer. The absorber consists of a dielectric self-supporting film that is metallized from both sides. A micro-pattern is fabricated from one side. Resonant absorption of the MM waves induces the converter heating that yields enhancement of IR emission from the emissive layer. IR emission is detected by IR camera. In this contribution an accurate numerical model for simulation of the thermal processes in the converter structure was created by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The simulation results are in a good agreement with experimental results that validates the model. The simulation shows that the real-time operation is provided for the converter thickness less than 3 μm and time response can be improved by decreasing of the converter thickness. The energy conversion efficiency of MM waves into IR radiation is over 80%. The converter temperature increase is a linear function of a MM-wave radiation power within three orders of the dynamic range. The blooming effect and ways of its reducing are also discussed. The model allows us to choose the ways of converter structure optimization and improvement of image detector parameters.

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13

Dressel, M., B. P. Gorshunov, N. E. Sluchanko, A. A. Volkov, B. Hendersen, G. Gr�ner, G. Knebel, A. Loidl, and S. Kunii. "Dielectric Response of SmB6 in the Millimeter Wave Range." physica status solidi (b) 215, no. 1 (September 1999): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-3951(199909)215:1<161::aid-pssb161>3.0.co;2-#.

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14

Motiyenko, Roman A., Laurent Margulès, Didier Despois, and Jean-Claude Guillemin. "Laboratory spectroscopy of methoxymethanol in the millimeter-wave range." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 8 (2018): 5509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp05932a.

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Methoxymethanol, CH₃OCH₂OH is a very interesting candidate for detection in the interstellar medium since it can be formed in the recombination reaction between two radicals considered as intermediates in methanol formation: CH₃O (already detected in the ISM) and CH₂OH.

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15

Lucas, R., and H. S. Liszt. "Millimeter-wave observations of diffuse clouds." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 178 (1997): 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s007418090000958x.

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Using the IRAM instruments (interferometer on Plateau de Bure and 30-m telescope on Pico Veleta) we have made numerous observations of molecular absorption lines in front of extragalactic millimeter wavelength radio sources. Observations of HCO+, CO and OH show that the lines of sight studied in this way sample the outer edges of molecular clouds or the diffuse clouds with highest column densities. Collisional excitation of the rotational levels is not significant in this density range for most molecular species, and accurate column densities may be derived by assuming radiative equilibrium with the cosmic microwave background. Using this technique we have measured column densities of CO, HCO+, H2CO, CN, HCN, HNC, CS, SO, H2S, C2H, and C3H2 in several lines of sight, intersecting about 20 individual clouds with CO column densities in the range 2 1014 to ∼ 1016 cm−2. These results confirm that complex molecules achieve dark-cloud abundances at low extinctions, either by formation in the gas phase or on grains.

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16

Liu, Hai Rui, Jun Sheng Yu, and Xiao Ming Liu. "Characteristic of Free Stand Wire-Grid Polarizers in Sub-Millimeter Wave Range." Applied Mechanics and Materials 290 (February 2013): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.290.127.

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Free stand wire-grids (FSWG) are widely used as polarizers, beam splitters, attenuators, and interferometers in millimeter wave and THz ranges. FSWG behaves as low-loss element as the wire grid is unsupported with a substrate, and provides good performance in the range of 0.1-3.0 THz. This paper analyzes the characteristic of the wire-grid polarizers in sub millimeter wave range. These analysis include the spectral transmittance with different wire spacing and incident angle. In order to evaluate the analysis, we measured the transmittance of wire-grid polarizer by using a novel quasi-optical system. Test results of transmittance show that the extinction ratio is over 15 dB up to 700GHz, which agrees well with predictions.

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17

Liu, Yun Xiu. "Research on Millimeter Wave Communication at 60GHz." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 4521–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.4521.

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Design and implementation of a 60GHz millimeter wave communication system for high-speed indoor wireless communication, which is with 1000Mbit/s data rate and for Gigabit WPAN/WLAN. Using the single carrier difference code two-phase shift keying modulation and receiving demodulation technology of 1-bit A/D, to effectively solve the problem of high dynamic range receiver because of the great attenuation caused by the people and objects in millimeter wave band communication channel. To realize the high speed data communication of 1000Mbit/s, dynamic range is more than 50dB when receiving and dispatching antenna angle is 120 °, transmitting power is 1MW and the communication distance is 0.5 to 20m.

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18

Wang, Xin, Sebastian Brunner, Manfred Stadler, Andreas Stelzer, and Klaus Aichholzer. "LTCC SOLUTION FOR MILLIMETER-WAVE AUTOMOTIVE SHORT-RANGE RADAR APPLICATIONS." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2015, CICMT (September 1, 2015): 000058–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-tp12.

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In this paper we present the usage of low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) technology for 79-GHz automotive short-range radar application. Normally, for a radar system the size of the RF-frontend is mainly determined by the antenna aperture. As the working frequency shifts from 24 GHz to 79 GHz, the antenna aperture reduces enormously (as well as the overall-size of the RF-frontend), which also reduces the price difference between the RF-frontends realized on LTCC and on the traditional organic substrate. Further, LTCC offers an extra degree of freedom for designing vertical parallel-feeds for wideband applications. Complex structures like laminated waveguide can be used for a highly integrated RF-frontend solution. In this work, special attention was paid on the material properties, the antenna, the design concept, the process for the outside metallization layers, the solder mask, and the integration possibility. To showcase the result, a 79-GHz LTCC RF-frontend combined with a monolithic microwave integrated circuits is demonstrated with measurement results.

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19

Zhang, Bo, Yong-Zhong Xiong, Lei Wang, Sanming Hu, and Joshua Le-Wei Li. "De-embedding of On-Chip Inductor at Millimeter-Wave Range." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 51 (July 25, 2012): 086602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.51.086602.

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20

Suiyan Geng, J. Kivinen, Xiongwen Zhao, and P. Vainikainen. "Millimeter-Wave Propagation Channel Characterization for Short-Range Wireless Communications." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 58, no. 1 (January 2009): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2008.924990.

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21

Guo, Qijia, Jie Liang, Tianying Chang, and Hong-Liang Cui. "Millimeter-Wave Imaging With Accelerated Super-Resolution Range Migration Algorithm." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 67, no. 11 (November 2019): 4610–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2019.2924997.

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22

Qiao, Lingbo, Yingxin Wang, Ziran Zhao, and Zhiqiang Chen. "Range Resolution Enhancement for Three-Dimensional Millimeter-Wave Holographic Imaging." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 15 (2016): 1422–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2015.2511302.

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23

Zhang, Bo, Yong-Zhong Xiong, Lei Wang, Sanming Hu, and Joshua Le-Wei Li. "De-embedding of On-Chip Inductor at Millimeter-Wave Range." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 51, no. 8R (August 1, 2012): 086602. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjap.51.086602.

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24

Ruoskanen, J., A. Serkola, P. Eskelinen, and H. Heikkila. "Pulse width considerations for a short range millimeter wave radar." IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 19, no. 1 (January 2004): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/maes.2004.1263987.

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25

Cirillo, M., I. Modena, F. Santucci, P. Carelli, and R. Leoni. "Coherence of Josephson soliton oscillators in the millimeter-wave range." Physics Letters A 167, no. 2 (July 1992): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(92)90224-a.

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26

Galati, Gaspare, Mauro Ferri, Maurizio Naldi, and Fausto Marti. "A short-range, high-resolution millimeter-wave surface movement radar." Annales Des Télécommunications 52, no. 3-4 (March 1997): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02996048.

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27

Voicu, Marius, Domenico Pepe, and Domenico Zito. "Performance and Trends in Millimetre-Wave CMOS Oscillators for Emerging Wireless Applications." International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2013 (March 28, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/312618.

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This paper reports the latest advances on millimeter-wave CMOS voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs). Current state-of-the-art implementations are reviewed, and their performances are compared in terms of phase noise and figure of merit. Low power and low phase noise LC-VCO and ring oscillator designs are analyzed and discussed. Design and performance trends over the last decade are provided and discussed. The paper shows how for the higher range of millimeter-waves (>60 GHz) the performances of ring oscillators become comparable with those of LC-VCOs.

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Schwarz, Cornelius. "Spatio-temporal constraints of the tidal wave theory." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20, no. 2 (June 1997): 264–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x97441432.

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The tidal-wave theory is inspired by the particular morphology of the cerebellar cortex. It elegantly attributes function to the anisotropy of the cerebellar wiring and the geometry of Purkinje cell dendrites. In this commentary, physiological considerations are used to elaborate temporal and spatial constraints of the tidal-wave theory. It is shown, first, that limitations of temporal precision in the cortical inputs to the mammalian cerebellum delimit the spatial resolution of an input sequence (i.e., the minimal distance along the parallel fibers which can detect sequential input) to the range of a millimeter at best. Second, temporal characteristics of Purkinje cell postsynaptic potentials are argued to predict a distance of at least several millimeters along the parallel fiber beam in order to generate a sequence in the cerebellar output. It is concluded that the implementation of tidal waves as a general principle of cerebellar function is questionable as there exist cerebelli too small to match these constraints.

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29

Huang, Yuchen, Wei Li, Zhiyang Dou, Wantong Zou, Anye Zhang, and Zan Li. "Activity Recognition Based on Millimeter-Wave Radar by Fusing Point Cloud and Range–Doppler Information." Signals 3, no. 2 (May 2, 2022): 266–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/signals3020017.

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Millimeter-wave radar has demonstrated its high efficiency in complex environments in recent years, which outperforms LiDAR and computer vision in human activity recognition in the presence of smoke, fog, and dust. In previous studies, researchers mostly analyzed either 2D (3D) point cloud or range–Doppler information from radar echo to extract activity features. In this paper, we propose a multi-model deep learning approach to fuse the features of both point clouds and range–Doppler for classifying six activities, i.e., boxing, jumping, squatting, walking, circling, and high-knee lifting, based on a millimeter-wave radar. We adopt a CNN–LSTM model to extract the time-serial features from point clouds and a CNN model to obtain the features from range–Doppler. Then we fuse the two features and input the fused feature into the full connected layer for classification. We built a dataset based on a 3D millimeter-wave radar from 17 volunteers. The evaluation result based on the dataset shows that this method has higher accuracy than utilizing the two kinds of information separately and achieves a recognition accuracy of 97.26%, which is about 1% higher than other networks with only one kind of data as input.

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30

Ilgaz, Mehmet Alp, and Bostjan Batagelj. "Opto-Electronic Oscillators for Micro- and Millimeter Wave Signal Generation." Electronics 10, no. 7 (April 3, 2021): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070857.

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High-frequency signal oscillators are devices needed for a variety of scientific disciplines. One of their fundamental requirements is low phase noise in the micro- and millimeter wave ranges. The opto-electronic oscillator (OEO) is a good candidate for this, as it is capable of generating a signal with very low phase noise in the micro- and millimeter wave ranges. The OEO consists of an optical resonator with electrical feedback components. The optical components form a delay line, which has the advantage that the phase noise is independent of the oscillator’s frequency. Furthermore, by using a long delay line, the phase noise characteristics of the oscillator are improved. This makes it possible to widen the range of possible OEO applications. In this paper we have reviewed the state of the art for OEOs and micro- and millimeter wave signal generation as well as new developments for OEOs and the use of OEOs in a variety of applications. In addition, a possible implementation of a centralized OEO signal distribution as a local oscillator for a 5G radio access network (RAN) is demonstrated.

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Platonov, Roman, Andrey Altynnikov, Andrey Komlev, Alexei Sosunov, and Andrey B. Kozyrev. "Millimeter-Wave Reflector Based on a Ferroelectric Material with Electrical Beam Steering." Crystals 11, no. 6 (May 22, 2021): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11060585.

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Millimeter waves are increasingly used in modern telecommunication systems for wireless data transmission. However, higher path loss, especially caused by non-line-of-sight scenarios, remains challenging. The design of an electrically controllable reflector for the millimeter-wave range is elaborated and presented in this manuscript. The reflector design was based on distributed ferroelectric ceramic elements and could be used in a frequency range up to 100 GHz. The issue of the ferroelectric reflector impedance matching was analyzed in detail. Two possible implementations of the reflector for indoor and outdoor communication systems were considered and simulated. The prototype of the proposed reflector for an operating frequency of 60 GHz was manufactured. Both simulation and measurement results demonstrated the beam steering by the proposed ferroelectric reflector.

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32

Jun-Chau Chien and Liang-Hung Lu. "Design of Wide-Tuning-Range Millimeter-Wave CMOS VCO With a Standing-Wave Architecture." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 42, no. 9 (September 2007): 1942–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2007.903050.

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33

Lewis III, D., Ralph W. Bruce, Arne W. Fliflet, L. K. Kurihara, and R. L. Bruce. "Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Processing of Materials." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 2739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.2739.

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We present results on microwave and millimeter-wave processing of materials. The research is primarily based on two systems– a 2.45 GHz, 6 kW S-band system and an 83 GHz, 15 kW gyrotron based quasi-optical system. These systems have been used for a wide range of material processing experiments. We describe the capabilities of these systems and discuss some of the results, including nanophase material production, rapid sintering, coating removal and joining of high temperature ceramics.

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34

Tatu, S. O., E. Moldovan, and S. Affes. "Low-Cost Transceiver Architectures for 60 GHz Ultra Wideband WLANs." International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 2009 (2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/382695.

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Millimeter-wave multiport transceiver architectures dedicated to 60 GHz UWB short-range communications are proposed in this paper. Multi-port circuits based on90°hybrid couplers are intensively used for phased antenna array, millimeter-wave modulation and down-conversion, as a low-cost alternative to the conventional architecture. This allows complete integration of circuits including antennas, in planar technology, on the same substrate, improving the overall transceiver performances.

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35

Huang, Jun, Pei-yu He, Yong Gao, and Ren-ke Li. "A Novel Algorithm for Improving Range-tracking Accuracy of Short-range Millimeter Wave Radar." Journal of Electronics & Information Technology 32, no. 12 (January 19, 2011): 2854–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1146.2009.01584.

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36

Li, Chong, Lai Bun Lok, Ata Khalid, Vasileios Papageorgiou, James Grant, and David R. S. Cumming. "Millimeter-wave coplanar stripline power dividers." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 5, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078713000421.

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We present the design, fabrication, and measurement of a 2-way modified Wilkinson divider constructed in a coplanar geometry exhibiting ultra wideband isolation, transmission, and port matching in the millimeter-wave frequency range. The proposed divider replaces the lumped resistor in the conventional Wilkinson divider with two quarter-wave length transmission lines, a phase inverter, and two 2Z0 resistors. Except for the three ports that are coplanar waveguides (CPWs), the main body of the divider uses coplanar striplines (CPS). The phase inverter is realized using a simple airbridge-based crossover which is compatible with a modern monolithic microwave integrated circuit process. The divider has a ring-like configuration fabricated on a 620 µm thick semi-insulating GaAs wafer using electron beam lithography (EBL) technology. Three-dimensional (3D) full-wave electromagnetic simulations have been carried out to optimize the design and investigate the possible effect of fabrication tolerance on the performance of the crossover and the divider. Two dividers working at center frequencies of 25 and 80 GHz have been designed, fabricated, and tested. They all show consistent performance in terms of bandwidth, isolation, and port matching. Experimental and simulation results are in excellent agreement.

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Solano-Perez, Jose Antonio, María-Teresa Martínez-Inglés, Jose-Maria Molina-Garcia-Pardo, Jordi Romeu, Lluis Jofre, José-Víctor Rodríguez, and Antonio Mateo-Aroca. "Linear and Circular UWB Millimeter-Wave and Terahertz Monostatic Near-Field Synthetic Aperture Imaging." Sensors 20, no. 6 (March 11, 2020): 1544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20061544.

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Millimeter-wave and terahertz frequencies offer unique characteristics to simultaneously obtain good spatial resolution and penetrability. In this paper, a robust near-field monostatic focusing technique is presented and successfully applied for the internal imaging of different penetrable geometries. These geometries and environments are related to the growing need to furnish new vehicles with radar-sensing devices that can visualize their surroundings in a clear and robust way. Sub-millimeter-wave radar sensing offers enhanced capabilities in providing information with a high level of accuracy and quality, even under adverse weather conditions. The aim of this paper was to research the capability of this radar system for imaging purposes from an analytical and experimental point of view. Two sets of measurements, using reference targets, were performed in the W band at 100 GHz (75 to 110 GHz) and terahertz band at 300 GHz (220 to 330 GHz). The results show spatial resolutions of millimeters in both the range (longitudinal) and the cross-range (transversal) dimensions for the two different imaging geometries in terms of the location of the transmitter and receiver (frontal or lateral views). The imaging quality in terms of spatial accuracy and target material parameter was investigated and optimized.

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Omer, Ala Eldin, Safieddin Safavi-Naeini, Richard Hughson, and George Shaker. "Blood Glucose Level Monitoring Using an FMCW Millimeter-Wave Radar Sensor." Remote Sensing 12, no. 3 (January 25, 2020): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12030385.

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In this article, a novel sensing approach is presented for glucose level monitoring where a robust low-power millimeter(mm)-wave radar system is used to differentiate between blood samples of disparate glucose concentrations in the range 0.5 to 3.5 mg/mL. The proposed radar sensing mechanism shows greater capabilities for remote detection of blood glucose inside test tubes through detecting minute changes in their dielectric properties. In particular, the reflected mm-waves that represent unique signatures for the internal synthesis and composition of the tested blood samples, are collected from the multi-channels of the radar and analyzed using signal processing techniques to identify different glucose concentrations and correlate them to the reflected mm-wave readings. The mm-wave spectrum is chosen for glucose sensing in this study after a set of preliminary experiments that investigated the dielectric permittivity behavior of glucose-loaded solutions across different frequency bands. In this regard, a newly-developed commercial coaxial probe kit (DAK-TL) is used to characterize the electromagnetic properties of glucose-loaded samples in a broad range of frequencies from 300 MHz to 67 GHz using two different 50 Ω open-coaxial probes. This would help to determine the portion of the frequency spectrum that is more sensitive to slight variations in glucose concentrations as indicated by the amount of change in the dielectric constant and loss tangent parameters due to the different concentrations under test. The mm-wave frequency range 50 to 67 GHz has shown to be promising for acquiring both high sensitivity and sufficient penetration depth for the most interaction between the glucose molecules and electromagnetic waves. The processed results have indicated the reliability of using mm-wave radars in identifying changes in blood glucose levels while monitoring trends among those variations. Particularly, blood samples of higher glucose concentrations are correlated with reflected mm-wave signals of greater energy. The proposed system could likely be adapted in the future as a portable non-invasive continuous blood glucose level monitoring for daily use by diabetics.

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Nguyen, Park, and Hong. "A Millimeter-Wave Fundamental Frequency CMOS-Based Oscillator with High Output Power." Electronics 8, no. 11 (October 27, 2019): 1228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8111228.

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The millimeter-wave imaging approach is a promising candidate to satisfy the unmet needs of real-time biomedical imaging, such as resolution, focal area, and cost. As a part of the endeavor to make millimeter-wave imaging more feasible, this paper presents a CMOS oscillator generating a high output power at the millimeter-wave frequency range, with a high fundamental oscillation frequency. The proposed oscillator adopts a frequency-selective negative resistance topology to improve the negative transconductance and to increase the fundamental frequency of oscillation. The proposed oscillator was implemented in a 65 nm bulk CMOS process. The measured highest output power is –2.2 dBm at 190 GHz while dissipating 100 mW from a 2.8 V supply voltage.

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Handoko, E., M. A. Marpaung, R. Fahdiran, Z. Jalil, and M. Alaydrus. "Permeability and Permittivity Measurements of Teflon in Millimeter Wave." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2019/1/012104.

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Abstract In order to expand a new millimeter wave absorbing material over the V-band frequency range, teflon were prepared with thickness of 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, and 1.6 mm. The variation of electromagnetic variables (complex permeability µ=µ′–jµ″ and complex permittivity ε=ε′–jε″) properties were studied over the V-band frequency range with varying sample thickness. Both dielectric loss (ε″) and magnetic loss (µ″) were leading to strong fluctuations, whereas the dielectric constant (ε′) was found to decrease and magnetic permeability (µ′) increased in the frequency range of 50–67 GHz.

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41

Kawamura, Takashi, and Akihito Otani. "Frequency Tuning Range Expansion for the Millimeter-wave Band Tunable Filter." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 135, no. 12 (2015): 736–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.736.

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42

Мерзликин, А. А., Д. С. Сальников, А. Н. Битченко, Н. В. Руженцев, and А. И. Цопа. "Definition of parameters readiness and channel capacity of millimeter wave range." Radiotekhnika 4, no. 199 (December 29, 2019): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/rt.2019.4.199.05.

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43

Xie Taorong, 谢涛嵘, 裴剑 Pei Jian, 李芬 Li Fen, 张杰 Zhang Jie, 齐红星 Qi Hongxing, 陈树德 Chen Shude, and 乔登江 Qiao Dengjiang. "Long-range correlations of electroencephalogram in rats irradiated by millimeter wave." High Power Laser and Particle Beams 23, no. 1 (2011): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/hplpb20112301.0141.

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44

Navarro-Cia, Miguel, Victor Torres Landivar, Miguel Beruete, and Mario Sorolla Ayza. "A SLOW LIGHT FISHNET-LIKE ABSORBER IN THE MILLIMETER-WAVE RANGE." Progress In Electromagnetics Research 118 (2011): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pier11053105.

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45

Myers, Nitin Jonathan, Jarkko Kaleva, Antti Tolli, and Robert W. Heath. "Message Passing-Based Link Configuration in Short Range Millimeter Wave Systems." IEEE Transactions on Communications 68, no. 6 (June 2020): 3465–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2020.2973147.

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46

Esmail, B. A. F., H. A. Majid, S. H. Dahlan, Z. Z. Abidin, M. K. A. Rahim, and R. Dewan. "Novel Metamaterial Structures with Low Loss at Millimeter Wave Frequency Range." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 10, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i2.pp641-647.

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Two novel millimeter-wave (MMW) metamaterials (MTMs) unit cells operate at 28 GHz for a future fifth generation (5G) mobile network applications had been designed, presented and numerically investigated. Two MTM structures are proposed; namely the double E-shaped resonator (DER) and T-U shaped resonator (TUSR). The DER and TUSR are consists of a double E and combined T-U shaped, each printed on front side of the substrate layer respectively. DER achieves a bandwidth of 0.5 GHz and a return loss of -34 dB, whereas TUSR features a bandwidth of 0.3 GHz and a return loss of -18 dB. The conventional split range resonator (SRR) was optimized to operate at similar frequency for comparison purpose. The simulation results revealed that the proposed DER and TUSR unit cells achieves the lowest loss as opposed to literature with -0.09 dB (0.99 in linear scale) and -0.23 dB (0.97 in linear scale) respectively. Moreover, a well-known algorithm was used to extract the constitutive parameters and the double negative nature of the two novel MTM structures is proven.

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47

Cherpak, N. T., A. A. Barannik, Yu V. Prokopenko, Yu F. Filipov, and S. A. Vitusevich. "Microwave properties of HTS films: measurements in the millimeter wave range." Low Temperature Physics 32, no. 6 (June 2006): 608–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2215377.

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48

Alreshaid, A. T., M. S. Sharawi, S. Podilchak, and K. Sarabandi. "Compact millimeter-wave switched-beam antenna arrays for short range communications." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 58, no. 8 (May 27, 2016): 1917–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.29940.

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49

Zrazhevsky, A. Yu, V. A. Golunov, M. T. Smirnov, E. P. Novichikhin, V. S. Loskutov, and D. M. Ermakov. "Polarization radio imaging of various objects in the millimeter-wave range." Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics 48, no. 10-11 (October 2005): 817–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11141-006-0012-6.

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50

KAWAMURA, TAKASHI, and AKIHITO OTANI. "Frequency Tuning Range Expansion for the Millimeter-Wave Band Tunable Filter." Electronics and Communications in Japan 99, no. 12 (November 17, 2016): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecj.11909.

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