Journal articles on the topic 'Millennium Development Goals – International cooperation'
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Zhu, Dandan, and Qiyuan Xu. "China’s Embrace of the UN Post-2015 Development Agenda." China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 02, no. 02 (January 2016): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2377740016500147.
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Since the 1990s, the United Nations has issued three agendas for global development cooperation. China’s attitude toward these agendas has also undergone three phases: from cautious passivity at first, to active yet restrained involvement, and to fully embracing them. On January 1, 2016, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) replaced the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) as the primary goals for global development cooperation in the next 15 years. But there are substantial differences between the SDGs and MDGs, which will inevitably exert significant impacts on China’s domestic development and its involvement in international cooperation. In its response, China should carefully examine its strengths and constraints before making a comprehensive national strategy for sustainable development, so as to advance domestic structural reforms and facilitate its commitment to the implementation of the SDGs. Meanwhile, China should actively push forward international collaboration in line with its opening-up policy, including South-South and South-North cooperation, as well as new mechanisms for trilateral cooperation. All these efforts will contribute to the establishment of new global partnerships for common development and the fulfillment of the SDGs.
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Larionova, Marina. "The Challenges of Attaining the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)." International Organisations Research Journal 15, no. 1 (April 5, 2020): 155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2020-01-07.
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The history of the millennium development goals (MDGs), the achievement of which experienced a major setback with the outbreak of the 2008 global economic and financial crisis, may provide some useful insights on the global partnership for the sustainable development goals (SDGs). There is a vast literature devoted to the MDGs. Most of the analysis is focused on the implementation and progress made toward achieving the MDGs. Fewer authors explore reasons for shortfalls or describe intrinsic limitations to the MDG framework, including limitations in the development, formulation and content of the MDGs themselves. This article reviews cooperation on the MDGs, exploring the priorities of different stakeholders and the challenges to progress inthe broader context of development and global governance.The review focuses on MDG 8, developing a global partnership for development. Added to the MDGs due to Kofi Annan’s leadership, MDG 8 helped to attract support from developing countries which viewed the MDGs as reflecting a one-sided deal favouring the interests of rich countries. Inclusion of the goal to reform the international economic system appeased some critics of the international development goals that were put forward by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and taken as the basis for the MDGs. This article argues that despite the endeavour by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly to steer the development of global partnerships, extrinsic barriers such as lack of political will on the part of the key stakeholders, the financial crisis, and vested interests prevented deliveryon MDG 8’s key target ofdeveloping an open, predictable, rule-based, non-discriminatory trading and economic system. Achievement of this goal is necessary in order to create the equitable and inclusive international order demanded by developing countries for decades. Most markedly, a lack of progress on MDG 8’s goal of addressing systemic issues of global economic governance became the greatest challenge to achieving the MDGs, and the greatest disappointment. Systemic problems were inherited by the SDGs, the achievement of which requires a truly global partnership able to build a new economic order as a foundation for inclusive and sustainable development. This review draws on content analysis of General Assembly resolutions and the official records of its 55th to 70th sessions, documents from the three conferences on financing for development, the crisis summit, reports on MDG results, and public statements and analytical narratives about the MDGs
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Martynyuk, Slava V. "Social Partnership in Action." Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)], no. 5 (November 7, 2013): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2013-0-5-84-86.
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On cooperation with the UN Information Centre and on discussion of the UN Report “Millennium Development Goals 2013” in the Center of Documents of International Organizations of the Department of Official and Normative Editions of the Russian State Library
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Romaine, Suzanne. "Keeping the promise of the Millennium Development Goals: Why language matters." Applied Linguistics Review 4, no. 1 (March 29, 2013): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2013-0001.
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AbstractThe adoption of the Millennium Declaration in 2000 by 189 member-states of the United Nations defined a critical moment for global cooperation as leaders committed themselves to achieve eight specific development objectives known as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015. As the largest and arguably most ambitious initiative on the international development agenda, the MDGs have become the normative framework for human development, and the MDG language of goals and targets now shapes the global debate about how to define and measure development. Examination of the progress achieved thus far towards the MDGs pinpoints language at the very heart of major fault lines in the development process: those most often left behind are language minorities. Keeping the promise of the MDGs requires a new understanding of the critical role of language in human development. Because there can be no true development with linguistic development, only by putting language at the center of development can we close the gaps and meet key targets of the MDGs and other global agendas such as Education for All (EFA) and Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). This article issues an urgent call for linguists to make their voices heard.
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CHEN, Ying. "Post-2015 Development Agenda: From Concept to Practice." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 03, no. 02 (June 2015): 1550015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345748115500153.
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The latest progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) shows that MDGs have made a profound difference in people's lives, which is the most important achievement of international development cooperation in past 15 years. Based on experience of formulation and implementation of MDGs, United Nations launched international processes of the Post-2015 Development Agenda including negotiations to define Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In this paper, comparing processes defining MDGs and SDGs, some new characteristics were identified and some key issues were analyzed. It seems difficult to balance interests of developed and developing countries and there are also great challenges to implement SDGs effectively in the future especially in developing countries. It required building a new global partnership for sustainable development to promote transformation.
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Pessina, Maria Elisa Huber, André Pires Batista Coelho, Élvia Mirian Cavalcanti Fadul, and Augusto de Oliveira Monteiro. "International development cooperation and external financing in Brazil: a macro analysis from 2000 to 2020." Revista de Administração Pública 56, no. 2 (March 2022): 248–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220210294x.
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Abstract This article analyzes public sector projects and programs in Brazil that received external financing from multilateral and bilateral agencies at the federal, state, and municipal levels between 2000 and 2020. The analyzed data were collected in the COFIEX Panel of the Brazilian Ministry of Economy, categorized, and presented in this article in a contextual way, aiming to represent the first overview of this object for studies on Public Administration in the country. An important instrument of the International Development Cooperation System, International Financing for Development follows international organizations” agendas and guidelines that have changed throughout history. Thus, in addition to exploring the main creditor sources, sectors, and federal units of destination of International Development Financing to Brazil, the article verified how the characteristics of international financing received between 2000-2015 and post-2015 reflect the agendas and guidelines of International Development Cooperation of the respective periods, namely, the Millennium Development Goals (2000-2015) and the Sustainable Development Goals (2015-2030). As a result, in addition to presenting a pioneering exploratory analysis of the data, it was possible to verify an inflection of external financing received by Brazil after 2015 in the direction of the current agenda and guidelines of International Development Cooperation. Finally, the paper presents directions for future research agendas.
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Ye, Jiang. "The CBDR Principle in the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development." China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 02, no. 02 (January 2016): 169–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2377740016500159.
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This article analyzes the origin of the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR)” and its role in formulating the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It then explores the potential influence of the principle on the implementation of the goals set forth in the new agenda. Widely known as a principle to address environmental and climate-related challenges, CBDR actually stems from an important concept in international law on the protection of “common heritage of mankind.” For a long time, it seemed unnecessary for the United Nations to specify the CBDR principle in development-related UN official documents due to the separation between North-South cooperation and South-South cooperation. The CBDR principle was finally incorporated into the new UN 2030 Agenda mainly because the agenda managed to merge the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and it became universally applicable to all UN member states, notwithstanding their divergent capabilities to implement these goals. The linkage between policy coherence for sustainable development (PCSD) and CBDR in the implementation of the new agenda is a very good example illustrating why the international community has to uphold the CBDR principle in implementing the UN 2030 Agenda.
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Muñoz Ocaña, Yolanda, and Mercedes Torres Jiménez. "Análisis de la ayuda oficial al desarrollo para servicios sociales básicos en el siglo XXI." Studies of Applied Economics 30, no. 3 (June 7, 2020): 1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/eea.v30i3.3615.
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Ever since the nineties and today in the 21st century, significant international agreements (like The Oslo Consensus in 1996 and The Millennium Development Goals in 2000) and relevant international organisms related to development cooperation have been insisting on the need for a basic coverage of social needs to eradicate the poverty existing in the world. This communication aims to analyse the contribution made by Official Development Aid to meet this objective in less developed countries in the last ten years, and describes the progress that has been made in this field as well as the tasks that remain to be done.
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ZHANG, Wen, and Yingjie NAN. "China's Financial Contribution to International Environmental Cooperation and Preliminary Design of Future Environmental Financial Governance." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 02, no. 02 (December 2014): 1450012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345748114500122.
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China has always been making contributions and sharing experiences, within its capacity, to promote international environmental cooperation, however, being questioned for its role as a recipient country by the rest of the world has caused huge obstacles in the way of international cooperation. This paper will test out China's historical financial contribution to main multilateral cooperation platforms and will eliminate the misunderstanding about China's role in international environmental and climate change cooperation in recent years through comparing with cases of other countries. Also, Principal Component Analysis is conducted using the UN Millennium Development Goals as evaluation criteria to assess sample countries' comprehensive development level. Based on this analysis, combining the result with historical per capita CO 2 emission level of these countries, with the aid of K-means clustering, this paper sorts these sample countries into groups, with a view to designing a preliminary environmental financial governance mechanism for international cooperation under the principal of "common but differentiated responsibility", providing reference for finance-related negotiations and consultations under Durban Platform of UNFCCC which is working on boosting a new protocol and legislations. These legal documents will be completed by 2015 and will come into effect in 2020.
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Hecht, Alan D. "International efforts to improve access to water and sanitation in the developing world: a good start, but more is needed." Water Policy 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2004.0005.
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Considerable international efforts are underway to address water and sanitation needs in developing countries. The 2003 G8 Action Plan on water sets the right tone, but more is needed. Three activities deserve additional support and greater cooperation between government and non-government organizations. These are: immediate steps to improve health and sanitation, multilateral efforts to foster good governance, and the development of innovative financial mechanisms to make local and investment capital available for water infrastructure development. Public understanding of these three approaches is often misunderstood, as evinced by the Stakeholder Dialogue at the 2003 World Water Forum. Achieving the Millennium goals on water and sanitation requires greater public and private sector cooperation in these three areas. A significant accomplishment for the next G8 meeting would be to strengthen partnerships between public and private sectors in these areas.
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Domínguez, Rafael, and Iliana Olivié. "Retos para la cooperación al desarrollo en el post-2015." Studies of Applied Economics 32, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/eea.v32i3.3245.
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Among the consequences of the emergence of new regional powers to global is, first, the emergence, consolidation or strengthening of new donors and, secondly, changing map of development and global poverty. It is in this new context in which new development agenda -the post-2015- will be configured, which will come to replace, and old, Millennium Development Goals. This article discusses the current state of the gestation of this post-MDG one year of approval schedule and considering that the debate on its content and government is still open. Specifically, it discusses the growing importance of inequality as part of the global development agenda and details on the possible future governance system of international cooperation which, as of today, struggling UN and OECD.
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Mohan, Mr R., and Dr K. Jayaraman. "A Comparative Study of India and Brics Nations’ Public Health Care with A special reference to India’s Position." GIS Business 14, no. 6 (December 9, 2019): 565–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v14i6.14580.
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Public health care is an important public good in a modern society. At the domestic extent, it has been development in the commitment of the BRICS nations as Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa to rise up public health care financing. In the international level, it is observed by the global community progress on the three health-related Millennium Development Goals. In spite of successes in curbing infectious diseases and curtailing CMR and MMR, old risks continues and new challenges emerge, coming post the 2008 global financial meltdown, the present slower economic growth and increasing economic inequality. The BRICS nations see these obstacles and have started cooperation on public health delivery.
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Widodo, Y., D. Harnowo, H. Gasikara, and A. Malala. "Indonesia-Madagascar partnership in agricultural linkages (impartial) aims for sustainability." International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology 7, no. 1 (July 25, 2017): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v7i1.33317.
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Starting in 2011 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) through the Program of Third Country Experts (TCE) invited Indonesian scientists to be involved in the development endeavors for African Countries, including Madagascar especially in attempt to increase productivity of rice as main staple food of Malagasy. Initiation of bilateral cooperation between Indonesia and Madagascar had been stimulated from JICA-TCE, furthermore for developing Indonesian soybean to Madagascar from 2013 to 2015. Madagascar and many African Countries are grouped into the countries requesting global aid for taming hunger as declared under Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) ended 2015 that continued into Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030. Fortunately, there is a similarity of languages in Indonesia and Madagascar East and West Africa as heritage from the ancient voyage before western occupation or even Before Christ (BC) era as reflected in the relief at wall of Borobudur a Buddhist temple in Magelang Central Java Indonesia. Based on historical background, there is an opportunity to propose Indonesia- Madagascar Partnership in Agricultural Linkages (IMPARTIAL) as a new alliance for attaining sustainable development in developing countries at the southern hemisphere. Implementing agricultural innovation to provide adequate food and renewable energy for daily modern livelihood is a key to attain sustainability.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (1): 21-31, June, 2017
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Maximova, Svetlana, Daria Omelchenko, Oksana Noyanzina, and Maksim Maksimov. "Youth exchange programs in the SCO countries and their integrative potential: Russia’s vantage point." SHS Web of Conferences 55 (2018): 03035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185503035.
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In today’s world international cooperation is the basis for sustained economic growth and development, allowing overcoming imbalances and improving the quality of life, renovating technologies and knowledge, achieving other goals of the millennium development. The importance of studying perspective of development of youth exchanges in countries members of the SCO is determined by its role in strengthening mutual trust and good neighbourly relations; development of the integration process in the fields of education, science and technologies; giving new impetus to enhancement of multilateral cooperation. The purpose of this article is to present the analysis of youth exchanges among Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan based on the results of sociological survey among participants of international exchange programs (n=449). It was found that young people are more interested in cultural programs and programs aimed at developing youth policy rather than educational and academic programs. Expectations and intentions of youth from the SCO countries are often linked to Russia, most respondents have plans to participate in youth exchanges in this country. The research led to findings about factors of development of youth exchanges within the SCO, that could be used for correction of strategies, choice of methods and forms of work, more effective decision-making in the field of youth policy, forecasts about potential of the development of the SCO youth organization.
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Salomon, Margot E. "Towards a Just Institutional Order: A Commentary on the First Session of the UN Task Force on the Right to Development." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 23, no. 3 (September 2005): 409–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016934410502300305.
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A novel mechanism that brings together human rights experts with the representatives of the international development, finance and trade institutions was recently established within the United Nations (UN) under the auspices of the Working Group on the Right to Development. At its first session, this High-Level Task Force adopted a range of recommendations on challenges to the Millennium Development Goals and on the importance of human rights impact assessments. In so doing, it took some initial steps towards integrating the international law of human rights, including the framework provided by the 1986 UN Declaration on the Right to Development, into the priority areas of these other international actors. The aim of this commentary is to provide insight into the conclusions adopted by the Task Force and to highlight the contribution of the human right to development to the topics under its consideration. It also seeks to reflect on the significance of human rights law to issues that were tabled, such as, accountability for human rights at the international level, international cooperation, economic growth, and trade-offs in the allocation of resources. In concluding that the Task Force must face head on the impediments to the realisation of human rights posed by the institutional arrangements for the governance of the international economic order, the article ends by offering suggestions for its future work.
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Voronkov, L. S. "HUMAN RIGHTS, FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS AND UNIVERSAL VALUES IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 4(49) (August 28, 2016): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2016-4-49-88-98.
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The author analyzes the evolution of human rights and fundamental freedoms in domestic political life of individual states and in international relations as well over the latest two centuries. The article traces the role of struggle for liberal political human rights and civilian freedoms in the dismantling of the feudal-absolutist regimes as well as the challenges of radical left-wing (communist) and far right-wing (national-socialistic) threats to be met by the supporters of liberal political rights and civil freedoms in the interwar period. The list of human rights and fundamental freedoms had constantly been updating in the postwar period, including by the efforts of the UNO and other international organizations, and fixing in different international documents. The author emphasizes the import role of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) in transforming the issues of human rights and fundamental freedoms into the essential element of public diplomacy of contemporary states. He traces the process of the increasing utilization of liberal political rights and civilian freedoms, which are usually the effective tools for domestic democratic transformation, within the framework of diplomatic practice of European and North-American states, aimed at ensuring their political and economic interests on the world stage. In this regard the author addresses the attempts of Western countries to legalize "humanitarian"interventions in circumvention of the UN Security Council. The article emphasizes the necessity to replenish the understanding of universal human rights and freedoms by the values, developed both by the international community within the framework of implementing the Millennium Development Goals and by various countries and peoples, which in sum constitute the modern international civilizational baggage.
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Penedo, Antonio Sergio Torres, Vinícius Silva Pereira, Gustavo Henrique Silva de Souza, Nilton Cesar Lima, Elvis Silveira-Martins, and Talita Moscardini Ferreira Penedo. "International Socio-Environmental Conferences and Agreements: A Thematic Review." Revista em Agronegócio e Meio Ambiente 9, no. 3 (September 20, 2016): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.17765/2176-9168.2016v9n3p741-763.
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This article presents a theoretical analysis on international socio-environmental conferences and agreements organized by the United Nations, which, concerned about climate change, biodiversity loss, among other environmental consequences, have resorted to international cooperation tools to seek ways to preserve the planet. The United Nations conferences were developed in order to promote the sustainable management and the overall commitment with the assumptions of more equitable development. Among the conferences and meetings, stand out Stockholm in 1972, the ECO-RIO in 1992, the Kyoto protocol in 1997, The Global Compact in 2000, The Millennium Development Goals in 2000, the Green Book in 2001, Johannesburg in 2002, The Equator Principles in 2003, Copenhagen in 2010. This study brings relevant considerations on innovative issues that covering the sustainable development and its consequences for the environment, taking into account the current context in which the world is passing away. Thus, we understood that, although the structural foundations of green marketing are essential in the scope of international socio-environmental conferences and agreements, a stronger awareness is necessary among the world’s population, especially with regard to consumer culture. CONFERÊNCIAS E ACORDOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS INTERNACIONAIS: UMA REVISÃO TEMÁTICA RESUMO: Este artigo apresenta uma análise teórica sobre as conferências e acordos socioambientais internacionais organizados pelas Nações Unidas que, preocupada com as mudanças climáticas, perda da biodiversidade, dentre outras consequências ambientais, têm recorrido a instrumentos de cooperação internacional para buscar formas de preservar o planeta. As conferências das Nações Unidas são desenvolvidas a fim de promover a gestão sustentável e o compromisso global com as premissas de um desenvolvimento mais equitativo. Dentre as conferências e acordos (reuniões), destacam-se Estocolmo em 1972, a ECO-RIO em 1992, o protocolo de Kyoto em 1997, o Pacto Global em 2000, os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio em 2000, o Livro Verde em 2001, Johanesburgo em 2002, os Princípios do Equador em 2003 e Copenhagen em 2010. Este estudo traz relevantes considerações acerca das questões inovadoras que tratam do desenvolvimento sustentável e suas consequências para o meio ambiente, levando em conta o atual contexto em que o mundo passa. Assim, depreende-se que, embora as noções estruturantes do marketing verde sejam essenciais no escopo das conferências e acordos socioambientais internacionais, é preciso uma conscientização mais forte dentre a população mundial, especialmente no que diz respeito à cultura do consumo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Acordos; Conferências; Nações Unidas; Questões socioambientais; Responsabilidade ambiental.
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Carmona, Magdalena Sepúlveda. "The obligations of ‘international assistance and cooperation’ under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. A possible entry point to a human rights based approach to Millennium Development Goal 8." International Journal of Human Rights 13, no. 1 (February 2009): 86–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13642980802532424.
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Safonchyk, Oksana, and Konstiantyn Vitman. "PROSPECTS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE EU IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 4 (October 29, 2019): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-4-212-220.
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In the world practice, corporate social responsibility (CSR) is recognized an important component of sustainable development strategy, for which reason governments of many countries pay considerable attention to the promotion of CSR ideas at the national level, creating favourable conditions for socially responsible behaviour of national and foreign enterprises. The author aims to analyse the experience of regulation of corporate social responsibility policy in the EU Member States, to show the practice of national governments of the EU Member States in the field of CSR, and to determine prospects of corporate social responsibility at the modern development stage in view of implementing the concept of sustainable development. Summarizing approaches to the definition of CSR, it can be emphasized that CSR should positively influence society, in which the enterprise operates. It is a free choice in favour of increasing the welfare and moral and ethical values of society through appropriate approaches to doing business. Relations between enterprises both in the European Union and in other countries are increasingly based on the principles of CSR. Compliance with these principles becomes an important prerequisite for attracting foreign investment and obtaining government orders. In the international context, CSR is an efficient instrument to develop partnership and cooperation of countries in the context of achieving the Millennium Development Goals, to control the negative influence of the industrial sector on ecology, to prevent social crises, as a consequence, to ensure sustainable development of the world civilisation. Among the European institutions, the European Commission’s committees play a key role in disseminating the idea of CSR. One of the main factors in strengthening the EU economy is considered precisely the stable growth based on the rational use of resources, ecology, and competition. Plans of the Strategy for 2012–2015–2020 clearly show that the European Union intends to strengthen control over economic management and “voluntarily oblige” the business to follow the rules of CSR. The goal of a new CSR Strategy is to create conditions favourable for sustainable development, responsible business conduct, and permanent employment in the medium and long term. Key changes in comparison with the policy for 2010 – definition of corporate social responsibility as “Responsibility of enterprises for their impact on society” and rejection of the principle of voluntariness: “the European Commission recognizes that some regulations stimulate CSR, therefore, public authorities should support the CSR development by applying a mix of voluntary and regulatory policies”. As the study showed, the governments of the EU countries are actively engaged in the development and promotion of corporate social responsibility. The role of the state is manifested in the implementation of the following key functions: the state as a legislator and a controlling authority; the state as an employer; the state as a consumer and a buyer; the state as a partner; the state as an institutional investor; the state as a participant in international relations. The most significant results have been achieved by those EU Member States that use the systemic approach to CSR development. In these countries, responsible state structures have been formed that coordinate work in all areas. The approach to the choice of instruments is individual and is selected taking into account the priorities of the country’s socio-economic development and the importance of economic, environmental, and social aspects. An example of Great Britain, France, Belgium, Estonia, and Spain shows the possibility of successful CSR development.
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Nam, Eun Woo, Afisah Zakaria, Festus Adams, Young Suk Jun, and Richard Adanu. "Comparison of maternal health services and indicators in three districts of the Volta Region, Ghana." Ghana Medical Journal 50, no. 3 (September 29, 2016): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gmj.v50i3.2.
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Background: Ghana’s maternal mortality ratio continues to decline, but is not expected to meet the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 5 target. The Ghana Health Service and Ministry of Health have displayed a high commitment to the improvement of maternal health in the country. One of the most recent partnerships directed at this is with the Korea International Cooperation Agency.Methods: This study was conducted among women between ages 15 and 49 resident in Keta Municipal, Ketu North and Ketu South districts in the Volta Region of Ghana who were pregnant or who had children aged less than five. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ghana Health Service Ethical Review Committee. Data were collected using questionnaires, entered into Stata version 12 and analyzed using frequency distribution and assessment of means. Comparisons among districts were conducted using chi square test and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The study covered 630 women whose mean age was 28.4 years. Almost all participants (99.1%) from Ketu North knew where to obtain family planning services. Use of modern contraception was highest in Ketu North with 31% of respondents using a modern method. Delivery in a health facility was highest in Keta Municipal (62.3%) with overall institutional delivery being 57.6%. Delivery by a skilled birth attendant (SBA) was also highest in Keta Municipal.Conclusion: Indicators used to assess maternal health services show a coverage of over 50% but we need to improve institutional delivery, use of modern contraception and education about danger signs in pregnancy. Funding: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2013S1A5B8A01055336) and the Korea International Cooperation Agency(2013).Keywords: Maternal Health, Ghana, Volta Region, Family Planning, Skilled Birth Attendant
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Dugalić, Nenad. "MESTO ZEMALjA BRIKS-A NA GLOBALNOJ EKONOMSKOJ MAPI SVE." Glasnik prava X, no. 2 (December 2019): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/gp.1002.117d.
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Globalization transforms social relations,fundamentally changes the nature of the state, violates its sovereignty and changes the established international order. The division of the world into the rich and the poor and the aspiration of the most developed countries for domination presents,undoubtedly one of the greatest dangers for humanity and its future. It is natural and necessary that every nation has the desire and aspires to present itself to the other nations in the best light, to introduce the results of its own creativity, to introduce them to the essence of their ideas and aspirations. Nevertheless, the world is confronted with tendencies and practices of harsh imposition of values, ideological indoctrination and all kinds of forms of spiritual violence. Political and economically powerful countries, by spreading and imposing their ideology, their views on the world and the hyperproduction of their cultural creations, suffocate the culture of small and economically underdeveloped countries, impose clichés and myths, create a state of spiritual erosion of one and the dominance of other values. While, on the one hand, different societies are homogenized, on the other hand, the polarization occurs endangering their tradition, culture and spiritual heritage. However, with the appearance of the BRICS group on the global scene, as new protagonists of high growth and development, America has been losing hegemony in most of the fields in international geopolitical relations. The economic power, which derives from the size of their economies, gives them the potential to influence world events. It is therefore very important that BRICS countries mutually work to establish the common principles of cooperation regarding the unique way of dealing with conflicts around the world, as well as creating consultation mechanisms where they can coordinate their attitudes. At the beginning of the new millennium, the BRICS countries played an important role in overcoming the global financial and economic crisis and have made a significant contribution to the recovery of the global economy. The economic policies of sustainable growth and development of the BRICS countries have enabled the creation of new workplaces, poverty reduction and greater social inclusion. Such an economic position of the BRICS countries was possible, considering their great wealth of natural resources. Specifically, national resource policy regimes support a claim on the status of BRICS as resource superpower, as high levels of government control allow these countries to use those resources in order to achieve certain domestic developments and international diplomatic goals. Apparently, resource wealth is a very important component of BRICS countries in international relations.
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Mirgorod-Karpova, V. V. "ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL PRINCIPLES OF ACTIVITIES OF THE CONTROLLING BODIES ON THE USE OF INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FUNDS." Legal horizons, no. 17 (2019): 124–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2019.i17.p:124.
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Discussions have been ongoing throughout the year in the Ukrainian and European scientific environment regarding the presentation of the economic assistance package of the West for Ukraine, the so-called "Marshall Plan", presented by the Lithuanian Prime Minister Andrius Kubilius in autumn 2017. According to him, Ukraine will receive 5 billion euros in investments into the national economy annually. This amount of assistance, calculated by European experts, will boost the Ukrainian economy by 6-8% each year. [1] But, unfortunately, we, like most Ukrainian citizens, are skeptical about the possibility of such assistance coming to our country, and even more pessimistic are the forecasts about the possible positive effect of its use. There are many reasons for such skepticism. On the one hand, it is the Ukrainian and European bureaucracy, and on the other, there is no effective mechanism for receiving, distributing and controlling the use of international assistance by Ukrainian state bodies. Therefore, according to most domestic experts, until these problems in the use of international assistance in Ukraine are solved, it is unlikely to be able to implement the initiative of former Lithuanian Prime Minister Andris Kubilius. Even Kubilius himself has repeatedly stated that in order for this plan to become a reality, Kyiv must develop a clear list of priority projects prepared at a high technical level, for which financial resourceswould go. [2] The first step, according to European and Ukrainian experts, was to create a special agency in Ukraine, which would be engaged in the preparation of such projects. Considering that almost nothing has been done by the Ukrainian Government in this direction for almost a year, so the time to receive financial assistance under the Marshall Plan is delayed. However, the absence of an agency is only the tip of the iceberg, the biggest problem for Ukraine is the lack of a clear administrative and legal mechanism for attracting, distributing and, most importantly, effective control over the use of international assistance. It is the results of the study of this problem that we devoted our article to. Despite the globalization processes in the world, external financial assistance is gradually gaining in popularity and becoming an effective tool for improving the welfare of the population and the economic development of developing countries or pursuing democratic reforms, Ukraine is falling behind in a number of subjective factors. . Investigating the emergence of the Institute for External Donor Assistance, it can be noted that this process became widespread in the 1960s and at the beginning of the 21st century, after the adoption by 193 member states of the United Nations and at least 23 international organizations of the Declaration. of the UN Millennium, it received a new impetus and began to pass under the auspices of the Millennium Development Goals. They envisaged the cooperation of countries with international financial institutions for the transformation of their economy, the introduction of the latest innovative technologies, changes in economic, political and social nature and as a result of improving the life of the population and overcoming poverty. [3] In this article, we draw attention to the fact that in modern international economic relations, there are two approaches to donor assistance, which were formulated by certain historical processes taking place in the world economy. The first approach is called by scientists as “integrative”. It is based on the implementation of strict standards, which are translated into the language of specific requirements and measures, which in its turn are laid down in the plan calendar of reforms. At the present stage, this approach is applied in the countries which are candidates for EU membership. It is always successful because the assistance implemented in the enlargement countries provides a strategic framework for the transformation processes, while enlargement countries are required to adopt EU institutional standards and develop the necessary infrastructures. The second form of international assistance is more like charity and it does not contribute to the donors’ long-term responsibility for results. Assistance is provided to poor developing and emerging countries, but this assistance is never successful. Keywords: international technical assistance, international financial assistance, state control.
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Ahmed, Tahera. "Editorial Vol.5(2)." Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 5, no. 2 (July 22, 2014): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v5i2.19621.
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The Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics is an open access journal and open to all interested and involved persons in this or related fields. The journal seeks to bring to the forefront current challenges and issues within this important sector. As a result research articles from many different countries depicting current or ongoing research, latest technological break- through, experiences from the field or literature reviews are shared with all. With the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) coming to an end in 2015, the need to assess and evaluate the progress in the 8 goals is being undertaken by different countries. At the same time Global discussions are underway on Sustainable Development beyond 2015. The Journal of Bioethics Society looks forward to submission of articles on these areas and the role played by Bioethics. The current issue presents the following articles: Zoheb Rafique describes experiences of teaching bioethics in different institutes and degree courses at undergraduate level. Bioethics is being taught to improve the understanding of the ethical issues in the field of medicine. Bahareh Heydari and Najmeh Razmkhah study the increasing importance of intellectual property rights (IPR) over the area of seed production, is radically transforming agricultural production relations. Mohammad Manzoor Malik delves into the different problems of patient autonomy to euthanasia. Patient autonomy has a critical role in making decisions in medical practice and it is accepted by international conventions on health care and various national medical codes. Muhammad Waseem Khan etal studies the different standards of care in clinical research in countries. Standard of care followed in one country may not suit other countries; the reason may involve economic conditions, certain norms, beliefs, tradition and culture of that society. The issues of conducting research in developing countries will remain and one has to try sincerely to sort out the ethical problems while conducting a research study. Fayemi Ademola Kazeem studies the The Nijmegen Method of Case Deliberation and Clinical Decision in a Multicultural Society. Ethical case deliberation is a method of reflecting, clarifying, evaluating and making decisions about moral problems, conflicts and dilemmas in the clinical settings. The Nijmegen method helps to motivate rational decision and reasoned responsibility in healthcare through consensus building which does not attenuate moral uprightness. The Nijmegen method is part of the healthcare process and aims at improving communication among patient, family and the healthcare team as well as enriching the decision making process. As the new Editor of this journal , I seek cooperation and involvement of all members to provide state of the art information on the important topic of Bioethics which has a tremendous impact in all spheres of our lives.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v5i2.19621 Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2014 Vol.5 (2): 43
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&NA;. "Millennium Development Goals require urgent international action." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1471 (January 2005): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200514710-00005.
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Nayar, K. R., and Oliver Razum. "Millennium Development Goals and Health." International Studies 43, no. 3 (April 2006): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002088170604300305.
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Nelson, Paul J. "Human Rights, the Millennium Development Goals, and the Future of Development Cooperation." World Development 35, no. 12 (December 2007): 2041–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.02.006.
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Nahtigal, Matjaz. "International Institutions, International Legal Norms, and the Millennium Development Goals." Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting 100 (2006): 425–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272503700024897.
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Borowy, Iris. "Negotiating international development: The making of the Millennium Development Goals." Regions and Cohesions 5, no. 3 (December 1, 2015): 18–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/reco.2015.050303.
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The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) evolved in the competition between two perspectives on development: one that sees the reasons for poverty and misery in the specificities of the countries concerned (the localist view) and another that looks at the global context, including and especially the policies of “developed” high-income countries (the globalist view). The core of the MDGs emerged in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and shifted the public focus from the globalist approaches of recent United Nations (UN) conferences to a localist approach. Subsequent UN discussions broadened the perspective again, leading to a more hybrid final form. In the process, goals on equitable trade and financial relations, on market access for products from the Least Developed Countries and on HIV/AIDS and malaria were added, while a goal on access to reproductive health was dropped. Meanwhile, inherent economic–environmental contradictions have remained unresolved. Spanish Los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM) evolucionaron a través de la competencia entre dos puntos de vista sobre el desarrollo: uno que ve las razones de la pobreza y la miseria en las especificidades de los países en cuestión (la visión localista) y otro que las ve en el contexto global, incluyendo especialmente las políticas de los países “desarrollados” de altos ingresos (la visión globalista). El núcleo de los ODM surgió en la Organización para la Cooperación y Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) y cambió la perspectiva pública de enfoques globalistas de las conferencias recientes de Naciones Unidas por un enfoque localista. Discusiones posteriores de las Naciones Unidas ampliaron la perspectiva de nuevo, dando lugar a una forma final más híbrida. A lo largo de este proceso, se añadieron metas sobre el comercio justo y las relaciones financieras, el acceso a los mercados para los productos de los países menos adelantados, el VIH/SIDA y la malaria, mientras que se redujo el objetivo del acceso a la salud reproductiva. Mientras tanto, las contradicciones inherentes a temas económicos y ambientales han quedado sin resolver. French Les Objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement (OMD) ont évolué entre deux points de vue concurrents sur le développement : celui qui voit les causes de la pauvreté et de la misère dans les spécificités des pays concernés — la vision localiste — et un autre qui prend en considération le contexte mondial, y compris surtout les politiques des pays «développés» -la vision mondialiste-. Le noyau des OMD a émergé au sein de l'OCDE et il a détourné l'attention publique des approches globalistes des conférences récentes des Nations Unies vers une approche localiste. Les discussions ultérieures des Nations Unies ont de nouveau élargi la perspective, conduisant finalement à une forme plus hybride. Au cours de ce processus, les objectifs en matière de commerce équitable et de relations financières, l'accès aux marchés pour les produits des pays les moins avancés et ceux qui concernent le VIH / sida et le paludisme ont été ajoutés, tandis que l'objectif de l'accès à la santé reproductive a été abandonné alors que les contradictions inhérentes à l'économie et à l'environnement sont restées en suspens
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Bradbury, Jill, and Jude Clark. "The Millennium Development Goalposts." Journal of Health Management 11, no. 2 (May 2009): 391–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097206340901100208.
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The United Nations’ Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) work in pervasive and powerful ways in the international imagination, by naturalising a strategic set of goals, indicators and targets, and in doing so, either opening up, or precluding and prescribing particular possibilities for understanding the state of the world and people's experiences. Our departure point for exploring the need for alternative research routes is therefore an engagement with the conceptualisation of ‘development’, the hopeful product of the 2015 target. This conceptual critique is three-fold: 1. There is a slippage in the discourse of the MDGs between ‘poverty’, ‘health’ and ‘development’ and consequently, the relations between different goals are poorly theorised. 2. There is an absence (or extreme paucity) of structural analysis. 3. While people are surely the centre of the developmental goals, in their formulation there is a remarkable absence both of specific groups of people and any conceptualisation of personhood in a more universal human sense. An alternative framework for understanding development and the relations between structure and agency is explored by theorising the themes of gender, national identity and childhood/youth. We then suggest that narrative methodologies may offer a productive research trajectory.
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Owens, Stephen. "Malaria and the Millennium Development Goals." Archives of Disease in Childhood 100, Suppl 1 (January 22, 2015): S53—S56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2013-305441.
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Malaria, as a key disease of poverty, was singled out for special attention in the Millennium Project of 2000. Recent data suggest that malaria incidence and mortality are now declining all over the world. While these figures are cause for celebration, they must be interpreted carefully and with caution, particularly in relation to Africa. There are daunting challenges ahead for those working to achieve malaria eradication, not least of which is the poor quality of the data on which the work is based. In the absence of an affordable and fully effective vaccine, international funding for malaria control needs to be escalated still further. The money is essential to pay for universal access to a set of simple and proven interventions which would save the lives of millions of children over the next 15 years.
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Roberts, John. "Millennium development goals: are international targets now more credible?" Journal of International Development 17, no. 1 (January 2005): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.1180.
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Kenny, Charles. "Millennium Goals Miss African Progress." Current History 112, no. 754 (May 1, 2013): 195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2013.112.754.195.
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The international community has hailed impressive strides toward the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals, but Africa lags because of a late start, despite its more recent successes. Will the next set of goals avoid arbitrary and unrealistic targets?
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Fukuda-Parr, Sakiko. "Millennium Development Goals: Why They Matter." Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 10, no. 4 (August 3, 2004): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19426720-01004001.
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Ebrahim, G. J. "Poverty and the Millennium Development Goals." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 7, no. 4 (December 2007): 467–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-38292007000400015.
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Poverty has been defined variously at different times in different countries. An early attempt in 1899 in Britain was based on resources necessary for survival. This subsistence standard definition has been used as a measuring rod in one form or another in different countries. For example, less than half the average income has been used as a measure in Britain, and minimum wage or multiples of it in Latin America, and so on. Unless a proper definition of poverty can be agreed attempts at its alleviation can have no target to aim for. Alleviation of poverty, though championed by political leaders of all types has proven to be difficult because equitable division of the national budget requires consensus which is not always forthcoming when the "haves" control the levers of power and the "have nots" must make do with what they get. Measuring collective poverty on a global scale has been attempted by several international agencies. The definition used by the World Bank is stark - "people who live on US $1 per day". According to this definition in the Year 2001 one billion people lived in poverty with consumption levels of US $1 or less per day, and 2.7 billion on less than US $2 per day. Now that more than half the world's population is living in cities, urban poverty is presenting a challenge in most developing countries. Within the physical environment of deprivation there develops a culture of poverty with its prevalence of disease, social disruption, violence in the home and outside, and dependence on drugs and alcohol. In the mind set of the urban poor risk taking behaviour is common. The main victims of deprivation are women and children, the aged and the infirm. Evidence is presented to show the stultifying effects on children growing up in poverty. Remedial action is an uphill task, expensive and not always successful. An awakening of social conscience globally brought about by the stark realities of the urban poor living cheek by jowl in close vicinity of affluence and conspicuous consumption has led enlightened world leaders and economists to mobilise public opinion. A meeting of world leaders held at UN headquarters in the Year 2000 proposed and agreed Millennium Development Goals. The goals address not only poverty per se but also its effects. The target date for achieving the Millennium Development Goals is set at Year 2015.Progress towards the target has been patchy and depends upon national political maturity.
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Buzaladze, Giorgi, and Andrew Defor. "The role of Global Health Diplomacy in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 74, no. 3 (September 2019): 463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020702019874794.
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Global Health Diplomacy has been instrumental in achieving many of the world’s global health goals, such as the Millennium Development Goals. The new Sustainable Development Goals are ambitious, and all tools need to be employed to make sure they are achieved by the 2030 deadline. This paper reviews the successes and failures of the health-related Millennium Development Goals. It uses the lessons learned to put forward a sustainable approach toward the Sustainable Development Goals, and explores the role of Global Health Diplomacy in advancing the health goals.
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Fues, Thomas. "Millennium Development Goals and Streamlining the UN Development Architectures." International Studies 44, no. 1 (January 2007): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002088170604400102.
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Doyle, Michael W., and Joseph E. Stiglitz. "Eliminating Extreme Inequality: A Sustainable Development Goal, 2015–2030." Ethics & International Affairs 28, no. 1 (2014): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0892679414000021.
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At the United Nations Millennium Summit in September 2000, UN member states took a dramatic step by putting people rather than states at the center of the UN's agenda. In their Millennium Declaration, the assembled world leaders agreed to a set of breathtakingly broad goals touching on peace through development, the environment, human rights, the protection of the vulnerable, the special needs of Africa, and reforms of UN institutions. Particularly influential was the codification of the Declaration's development-related objectives, which emerged in the summer of 2001 as the now familiar eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), to be realized by 2015.
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박지연, Kim, Eunyoung, 조동호, and 문경연. "International Development Cooperation and North Korea: Focused on Millenium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals." Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies 23, no. 2 (June 2016): 249–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18107/japs.2016.23.2.008.
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Moss, Todd. "What Next for the Millennium Development Goals?" Global Policy 1, no. 2 (May 2010): 218–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-5899.2010.00024.x.
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Sharma, Puspa Raj. "Millennium Development Goals and International Year of Microfinance 2005 in Nepal." Journal of Nepalese Business Studies 2, no. 1 (April 2, 2007): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnbs.v2i1.59.
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No single intervention can defeat poverty. Poor people need employment, schooling and health care. Some of the poorest require immediate income transfers or relief to survive. Access to financial service forms a fundamental basis on which many of other essential interventions depend. Moreover, improvement in health care, nutritional advice and education can be sustained only when households have increased earnings and greater control over resources. Financial services thus reduce poverty and its effect in multiple, concrete ways. And the beauty of microfinance is that, it emphasizes to women empowerment and self dependent financial approach. It emphasizes the financial sustainability also, which can contribute far beyond the limits of scarce donors. In this arena, International Year of Microfinance 2005 substantially contributes to achieve Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
Journal of Nepalese Business Studies Vol.2(1) 2005 pp.87-94
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Joshi, Devin. "Good Governance, State Capacity, and the Millennium Development Goals." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 10, no. 2 (2011): 339–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156914911x582468.
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AbstractInternational development agencies argue that “good governance” is crucial to attaining the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), but there are many ways to define and measure good governance. The paper begins by examining the World Bank’s minimal state conception of governance and then proposes an alternative approach based on strengthening state capacity. The paper tests this framework by developing a provisional Millennium Governance Index (MGI) for 126 countries. In comparative empirical analysis, the MGI has noticeably higher statistical correlations than the World Bank’s governance indicators on six out of seven MDGs even after controlling for per capita income levels.
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Wysokińska, Zofia. "Millenium Development Goals/UN And Sustainable Development Goals/UN As Instruments For Realising Sustainable Development Concept In The Global Economy." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 20, no. 1 (March 9, 2017): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cer-2017-0006.
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This article presents the results of analysis and evaluation of the main effects of the implementation of the eight UN Millennium Development Goals, in force until 2015, and to demonstrate differences between and prospects for implementation of the new 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, covering 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the international community for the next 15 years. The article also presents the contribution of the European Union as a key global donor of development aid for developing countries, especially for the least developed countries (LDCs), as well as plans for Poland’s implementation of the Post-2015 Agenda SDGs.
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Dasandi, Niheer. "Book Review: International Relations: The Millennium Development Goals and Beyond: Global Development after 2015." Political Studies Review 12, no. 3 (August 14, 2014): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1478-9302.12067_60.
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von Dach, Susanne Wymann, Cordula Ott, Andreas Klaey, and Brigitta Stillhardt. "Will International Pursuit of the Millennium Development Goals Alleviate Poverty in Mountains?" Mountain Research and Development 26, no. 1 (February 2006): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1659/0276-4741(2006)026[0004:wipotm]2.0.co;2.
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Kaul, Arpita, Runjhun Soney, and Monika Garg. "Tenth International Conference on U. N. Millennium Development Goals: Challenges and Perspectives." Delhi Business Review 11, no. 1 (January 5, 2010): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.51768/dbr.v11i1.111201009.
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Hellsten, Iina, and Sarah Cummings. "Using semantics to reveal knowledge divides in Dutch development cooperation: the case of the Millennium Development Goals." Knowledge Management for Development Journal 6, no. 1 (October 25, 2010): 70–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19474199.2010.498965.
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Ashraf, Musfiqa, Lokiat Ullah, Muqsuda Ashraf Shuvro, and Umme Salma. "Transition from Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Blueprint of Bangladesh for Implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030." Medicine Today 31, no. 1 (February 20, 2019): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v31i1.40323.
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Introduction: The Sustainable Development Goals 2030, titled “Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” with 17 goals and 169 targets (including 43 means of implementation) were adopted at the United Nations in September 2015. The Seventh Five Year Plan of Bangladesh (SFYP), “Accelerating Growth, Empowering Every Citizen” for the years 2016-2020, produced by General Economics Division, Planning Commission, can be regarded as the blue print for the early critical phase of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) implementation.
Materials & Methods: This Review Article was prepared based on updated International Newsletter, Journal and Data from Bangladesh Government Planning Commission.
Discussion: Challenges of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 7th Plan include resource mobilization, tapping population momentum, managing unplanned urbanization, natural disasters and climate change, utilization of resources, skill development and quality education, improving competitiveness, governance, taming inequality and regional disparity. Bangladesh prepared its own post-2015 Development Agenda and contributed to the international discourse through UN.
Conclusion: The General Economics Division (GED) of the Planning Commission, based on a consultative process initiated in 2013, goals and targets were developed in the context of Bangladesh. Through this process, 11 goals along with 58 targets with corresponding 241 measurable indicators were proposed. Civil society in Bangladesh also produced what is described as “a people-centred, equitable, inclusive, and sustainable Post-2015 Development Agenda.” It came up with 13 Goals,50 Targets and 199 Indicators.
Medicine Today 2019 Vol.31(1): 46-59
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Lelechenko, Anzhela, Olga Lebedinska, Sergii Somin, and Iryna Dynnyk. "Critical analysis of the achievements of the global millennium development goals and new approaches to sustainable development management." E3S Web of Conferences 211 (2020): 01028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021101028.
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This article provides a critical analysis of the achievements of human development towards sustainable development in the 17th Global Goals and reveals new approaches to the management of this process. Because these goals are related, the success in achieving one of them affects the success of the entire set of goals. This made it possible to distinguish the most acute globalization problems that have require urgent collective attention and special consolidated mechanisms to solve them. It is necessary to establish a unified global system of data collection on indicators of sustainable development from all countries of the world in order to achieve the fundamental social and economic transformations in 2030. The authors identify a new paradigm for the management of sustainable development in the form of governance in the process of achieving the 17 Global Millennium Goals, which aims to provide making such strategic decisions that would serve global interests, and national efforts are supported by effective interstate cooperation through diplomacy and crisis prevention. The researchers generalized the main challenges and suggested to identify the relationships between existing problems of human activity more effectively, adopting an integrated approach and increasing significantly investments in poverty alleviation, inequality and climate change.
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Rodrigues, Rosalina Aparecida Partezani, Maria Lúcia do Carmo Cruz Robazzi, Alacoque Lorenzini Erdmann, Josicélia Dumet Fernandes, Alba Lucia Bottura Leite de Barros, and Flávia Regina Souza Ramos. "Doctoral Theses from Nursing Postgraduate Programs in Brazil and their Association with the Millennium Development Goals." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 23, no. 3 (June 2015): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.0667.2565.
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OBJECTIVES: The Millennium Development Goals are centered around combatting poverty and other social evils all over the world. Thus, this study seeks to identify the Millennium Development Goals as an object of study in theses from Postgraduate Nursing Programs in Brazil scoring 5 (national excellence) and 6 or 7 (international excellence), and evaluate the association between the score for the program and achieving the Millennium Development Goals.METHOD: Exploratory descriptive document research. Data were collected from the Notes on Indicators/Coordination for Higher Education Personnel Improvement for the 15 Postgraduate Nursing Courses scoring between 5 and 7 in the three-year-period of 2010/2012.RESULTS: of the 8 Millennium Development Objectives, 6 were dealt with in the theses. There was an association (Fisher's exact test p-value=0.0059) between the distribution of the theses and the program scores in relation to the Millennium Development Objectives (p-valor=0.0347)CONCLUSION: the doctoral theses were slightly related to the Millennium Development Objectives, covering the population's economic development, health conditions and quality of life. It is recommended that Postgraduate Programs in Nursing pay closer attention to the Millennium Development Objectives..
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Fukuda-Parr, Sakiko. "Theory and Policy in International Development: Human Development and Capability Approach and the Millennium Development Goals." International Studies Review 13, no. 1 (March 2011): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2486.2010.01003.x.
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